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A  MANUAL 


OF  THE 


D  PRISBITili  CHiCl 


NORTH  AMERICA. 


1751-1887. 


(SECOND  EDITION,  REVISED  AND  ENLARGED.] 


BY 

JAMES  BROWN   SCOULLER. 


PITTSBxMyH.t"  ;!.  i'-^^'  *  7    '"^ 


UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN  BOARD  "0"<?"PUSLTCATipN, 

53  &  55  NiNlH  STiE/Et.''.  / '  :  I ','  \  •' 
1887. 


^7a^jj 


^KESS'oft  .  ;     ' 
INQUIRER  'printing  COMPANY, 

i,ANr.AS<raif,  fk{   •    • 


PREFACE. 

(extract  from  the  original  preface.) 


EVERY  Christian  should  be  in  sympathy  with  his  church, 
and  so  imbued  with  its  spirit  that  he  can  feel  at  home  in 
its  work  and  its  worship.  Then,  and  only  then,  can  he  en- 
joy that  restful  feeling  which  springs  from  confidence  and 
love.  But  to  obtain  this  he  must  know  its  history  and  its 
mission,  its  faith  and  its  spirit,  its  work  and  its  workers,  and 
become  so  identified  with  it  in  all  its  parts  as  to  enjoy  the 
pleasures  of  its  memories  and  of  its  hopes. 

The  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  North  America  did  not 
head  at  a  single  fountain.  Several  springs  united  their  tiny 
rills  at  different  times  to  form  its  stream.  It  is  the  result  of 
several  unions,  and  its  antecedents  are  therefore  more  numer- 
ous and  fragmentary  than  that  of  most  churches.  This  has 
thrown  a  veil  of  obscurity  over  much  of  its  past  history,  for 
while  one  of  its  constituent  parts  was  alien  to  the  others,  they 
would  take  but  little  interest  in  each  other's  history  and 
ministry.  The  time  as  well  as  the  occasion  for  such  ignor- 
ance is  now  happily  past.  Twenty-three  years  of  peaceful 
union  and  healthful  growth  has  so  unified  and  consolidated 
the  church  that  her  sons  and  daughters  should  feel  a  kindly 
family  interest  in  all  her  ancestral  branches.  "Children's 
children  are  the  crown  of  old  men;  and  the  glory  of  children 
are  their  fathers." 

The  following  work  is  an  attempt  to  gather  up  into  a  single 
volume,  of  reasonable  size  and  cost,  various  things  which 
should  interest  those  who  feel  a  kindly  interest  in  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church.  It  embraces  a  condensed  history  of  all 
the  ecclesiastical  bodies  which  have  been  included  in  her  or- 

(iii) 


IV  PREFACE. 

ganization;  a  brief  biographical  notice  of  every  ordained 
minister  ever  connected  with  her  or  any  of  these  antecedent 
churches;  and  a  sketch  of  the  beneficent  agencies  through 
which  she  operates ;  and  of  her  colleges,  theological  seminaries 
and  periodicals. 

Newville^  Pa. ,  July.^  1881. 


The  work  has  been  carefully  revised  throughout,  and  a 
number  of  errors  corrected  and  omissions  supplied;  an  his- 
torical register  of  all  the  congregations  has  also  been  added, 
and  the  whole  brought  down  to  the  present  date. 

Newville^  Pa. ,  Jiine^  188 y.  J.  B,  S. 


A   BRIEF   HISTORY 


OF  THE 


United  Presbyterian  Church, 


The  Reformed  Presbyterian  Church. 


THE  United  Presbyterian  Church  is  the  principal  American 
representative  of  the  dissenting  churches  of  Scotland. 
The  oldest  of  these  was  the  Covenanting,  or,  as  subsequently 
styled  by  themselves,  the  Reformed  Presbyterian.  Its  exist- 
ence may  be  said  to  date  from  the  Second  Reformation  in 
Scotland,  1 638-1 646,  because  it  has  always  adhered  tena- 
ciously to  the  attainments  made  in  the  National  Church  at 
that  time.  But  in  its  definite  and  more  independent  form  it 
may  be  regarded  as  a  result  of  the  badly-managed  battle  of 
Bothwell  Bridge,  which  took  place  on  Sabbath,  the  22d  of 
June,  1679.  The  remnant  which  escaped  from  that  disgrace- 
ful rout,  and  other  sympathizers,  banded  themselves  together, 
under  the  guidance  of  Richard  Cameron  and  Donald  Cargill, 
and  utterly  refused  to  have  any  religious  communion  with 
any  minister  who  had  taken  the  "black  indulgence."  And, 
being  outlawed,  they  held  secret  meetings  for  counsel  and  for 
worship,  amidst  the  hills,  and  with  arms  in  their  hands,  and 
were  popularly  known  as  "Hill  Men,"  and  "Mountain 
Men."  On  the  22d  of  June,  1680,  the  first  anniversary  of 
the  Bothwell  Bridge  disaster,  they  affixed  a  declaration  to  the 
market  cross  of  Sanquhar,  in  which  they  formally  disowned 
Charles  Stuart  as  their   lawful  sovereign,  for  his  perjury,  his 

(5) 


6  HISTORY   OF 

breach  of  the  Covenant,  and  his  tyranny;  and  also  denied  the 
right  of  James,  the  Duke  of  York,  to  the  succession.  This  was 
burning  the  bridge  behind  them,  and  henceforth  they  neither 
asked  nor  received  quarters.  A  month  after  this  Cameron 
was  surprised  and  slain  at  Airdsmoss,  and  Cargill  was  finally 
hunted  down  and  executed  on  the  27th  of  July,  1681. 

This  left  the  Covenanters  without  a  minister,  and  they  or- 
ganized a  system  of  societies.  Those  in  the  same  neighbor- 
hood met  as  best  they  could,  and  as  often  as  they  could,  for 
prayer  and  mutual  edification.  A  plan  of  correspondence  was 
established,  according  to  which  commissioners  from  all  these 
societies  met  secretly  about  every  three  months,  in  a  general 
meeting,  which  determined  the  policy  and  action  of  the 
whole  body,  and  solved  questions  of  conscience,  but  never 
undertook  the  administration  of  discipline  or  any  official  work. 
The  first  of  these  general  meetings*  convened  at  Logan 
House,  in  the  Shire  of  Clydesdale,  on  the  15th  of  Dec. ,  1681. 
This  method  of  unity  or  system  of  government  was  kept  up 
until  a  Presbytery  was  organized.  It  was  also  adopted  in 
Ireland,  and  practiced  in  America  up  till  1774. 

The  Covenanters  would  hear  no  minister  preach,  nor  re- 
ceive ordination  from  any  one  who  had  taken  the  "indul- 
gence." This  compelled  them  to  do  without  the  sealing 
ordinances,  or  procure  a  minister  from  abroad.  Mr.  James 
Renwick,  a  young  man  of  good  education,  and  one  of  their 
number,  was  sent,  in  the  autumn  of  1682,  to  the  Netherlands, 
where  Mr.  Cameron  had  received  his  ordination.  After 
spending  the  winter  in  the  University  of  Groningen,  he  was 
ordained  to  the  gospel  ministry  on  the  loth  of  May,  1683,  by 
the  Presbytery  or  Classis  of  Groningen.  While  he  was  pur- 
suing his  studies  abroad  the  General  Meeting  gave  a  regular 
call  to  Alexander  Peden,  Michael  Bruce  and  Samuel  Arnot, 
Scotch  ministers,  now  refugees  in  Ireland,  to  come  and  min- 
ister to  them.  But  the  persecution  of  this  ' '  contending  and 
suffering  remnant"  was  growing  hotter  and  hotter,  and  these 
ministers  declined.     Mr.   Renwick  returned  in  Sept.,   1683, 

*  The  minutes  of  these  meetings  were  kept  by  Michael  Shields,  brother 
of  the  author  of  the  ^" Hind  let  Loose,''''  and  may  be  found  in  Faithful  Con- 
tendings  Displayed,  published  by  John  Howie,  in  1780,  in  Glasgow. 


REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH,  7 

and  ministered  most  faithfully  amidst  very  many  dangers  and 
difficulties.  So  hostile  was  the  government,  and  so  numer- 
ous and  vigilant  were  its  spies,  that  his  first  sermon  in  the 
fields  was  on  the  23d  of  Nov.,  at  Darmede.  He  was  re- 
peatedly outlawed  by  proclamation,  and  every  subject  was 
forbidden  "to  harbor  him  and  his  followers,  or  supply  them 
with  meat  and  drink,  but  to  hunt  and  pursue  them  out  of  all 
their  dens,  caves  and  most  retired  deserts,  and  to  raise  the  hue 
and  ^rj/ after  them."  And  such  proclamations  were  always 
vigorously  and  inhumanly  executed,  although  they  kept  the 
4tli  of  March,  1685,  as  "a  day  of  thanksgiving  unto  the  Lord 
for  the  wonderful  proofs  of  His  love  and  good  will,  manifested 
to  a  scattered  and  distressed  remnant  in  this  land,  by  His  de- 
livering of  them  in  several  places  from  the  power  and  rage  of 
enemies,  when  they  were  ready  to  swallow  them  up." 

The  death  of  Charles  H.  gave  them  a  short  breathing  spell, 
which  they  improved  by  holding  a  meeting  on  the  28th  of 
May,  1685,  at  Blackgannock,  when  they  drafted  a  protesta- 
tion against  proclaiming  James,  Duke  of  York,  as  king  of 
Scotland.  As  soon  as  this  meeting  had  adjourned,  two  hun- 
dred and  twenty  men  drew  up  in  arms,  and  went  to  Sanquhar, 
and  after  singing  a  Psalm  Mr.  Renwick  made  a  pra}'er,  and 
they  published  this  protestation  and  nailed  a  copy  to  the 
market  cross. 

Mr.  Renwick  was  taken  and  executed  on  the  nth  of  Feb., 
1688,  and  this  was  the  last  life  sacrificed  to  the  cause  of  re- 
ligious freedom  in  Scotland.  Alexander  Shields,  who  had 
been  licensed  by  some  Scottish  ministers  in  London,  joined 
the  Covenanters  in  Dec,  1686.  William  Boyd,  educated  at 
their  expense  in  the  Netherlands,  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1687, 
by  the  Classis  of  Groningen.  Thomas  Lining  was  also  sus- 
tained by  them  for  four  years  at  universities  in  Holland,  and 
was  ordained  in  Aug.,  1688,  by  the  Classis  of  Embden,  after 
an  examination  of  twenty-one  days.  Providence  now  brought 
them  relief  by  changing  their  circumstances  and  surround- 
ings. James  was  banished  and  William  of  Orange  was 
brought  to  the  throne.  Persecution  ceased,  and  the  Mountain 
Men  were  permitted  to  worship  God  publicly,  according  to 
the  teachinc^s  of  their  own  conscience. 


8  HISTORY   OF 

The  General  Assembly  of  the  Church  of  Scotland  met 
again  after  many  years  of  intermission  in  1690,  and  re-estab- 
lished Presbyterianism,  Messrs.  Lining,  Shields  and  Boyd, 
with  a  majority  of  their  followers,  united  with  the  Kirk,  but 
there  was  a  minorit}-  which  refused  to  do  so  because  of  Wil- 
liam's assiimption  of  royal  supremacy  over  the  church. 
These  "Old  Dissenters"  were  again  without  a  minister,  and 
so  remained  for  sixteen  years,  but  free  from  persecutions  of 
any  kind.  In  1706  the  Rev.  John  McMillan,  of  the  Estab- 
lished Church,  joined  them  and  became  their  minister.  In 
1743  he  was  joined  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Nairne,  from  the  Se- 
cession Church,  and  they,  in  connection  with  some  ruling 
elders,  constituted  themselves,  on  the  ist  of  Aug.,  1743,  into 
a  presbytery,  which  they  styled  the  "Reformed  Presbytery." 
One  of  their  first  acts  was  to  license  Alexander  Marshall,  a 
student  of  theology  under  Mr.  McMillan,  and  he  was  soon 
afterward  ordained  to  the  ministry,  "having  received  a  call 
from  the  United  Societies."  May  16,  1744,  they  licensed, 
and  Oct.  6  following  ordained  John  Cuthbertson,  another  of 
Mr.  McMillan's  students. 

During  the  twenty-seven  years  of  persecution  in  Scotland 
a  good  many  families  of  Covenanter  sympathies  fled  for  peace 
and  safety  to  the  north  of  Ireland,  where  they  settled  in  little 
clusters,  and  were  served  occasionally  by  refugee  ministers. 
Previous  to  this,  about  1662,  David  Houstoun  made  his  home 
in  Ireland,  and  welcomed  and  ministered  to  these  also  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  in  1696.  As  early  as  1720,  and 
possibly  earlier,  some  of  these  families  left  Ireland  and  made 
their  homes  in  America;  and  from  time  to  time  others  fol- 
lowed, and  in  this  way  the  Convenanting  Church  was  planted 
in  this  country.  A  few  mingled  with  this  migration  who 
came  directly  from  the  west  of  Scotland,  but  generally  they 
were  from  Ireland,  although  of  Scottish  parentage. 

These  immigrants  located  principally  on  the  Walkill,  in 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  in  the  present  counties  of  Lancaster, 
Dauphin,  York,  Adams,  Cumberland,  Franklin  and  Fulton, 
in  Pennsylvania,  with  scattering  families  elsewhere,  and 
especially  in  the  interior  of  South  Carolina.  They  brought 
with  them  their  system  of  praying  societies  and  a  general 


REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH.  9 

correspondence,  and  soon  confederated  and  kept  themselves 
distinct  from  the  Presbyterian  churches  in  their  neighbor- 
hoods. As  many  as  could  met  together  in  1743,  on  the 
Middle  Octoraro,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  and  renewed  their 
covenant  obligations.  In  this  they  were  assisted  by  the  Rev. 
Alexander  Craighead,  who,  although  connected  with  the 
Presbyterian  Synod  of  Philadelphia,  sympathized  with  the 
Covenanters  in  their  peculiar  views  and  took  great  interest  in 
their  welfare,  and  for  years  preached  considerably  for  them 
and  for  a  time  actually  joined  them.  He  wrote  on  their 
behalf  to  the  Reformed  Presbytery  in  Scotland,  and  was 
instrumental  in  procuring  them  a  minister. 

In  1750  the  Presbytery  in  Scotland  sent  the  Rev.  John 
Cuthbertson  to  visit  the  societies  in  Ireland,  which  had  been 
without  a  minister  for  half  a  century — ever  since  the  death 
of  David  Houstoun.  Here  he  remained  for  a  year,  and  then 
came,  in  obedience  to  his  Presbytery,  to  America.  He  landed 
on  the  5th  of  Aug.,  1751,  at  New  Castle,  Delaware,  and  im- 
mediately commenced  an  exploration  of  his  missionary  field. 
He  preached  almost  every  day  for  a  time,  at  Octoraro,  Pequea, 
Paxtang,  and  across  the  Susquehanna  at  Walter  Buchanan's, 
Big  Spring,  Rocky  Spring,  near  Chambersburg;  at  Joseph 
Cochran's,  in  the  cove  near  McConnellsburg,  returning,  by 
way  of  Gettysburg  and  York  county,  to  his  headquarters  on 
the  Octoraro.  This  circuit  he  made  more  or  less  frequently 
for  twenty  years.  He  also  made  two  or  three  visits  into  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  as  far  as  Rhode  Island,  and  westward 
as  far  as  Washington  Co.,  Pa.  At  his  preaching  stations 
there  were  no  meeting  houses  for  years.  When  the  weather 
permitted  they  met  in  their  "tents,"  and  when  it  was  not 
propitious  they  did  the  best  they  could  in  their  cabins.  This 
''''  tenV  was  pitched  in  a  shady  grove,  and  consisted  simply 
of  an  elevated  platform  for  the  minister,  where  he  could  be 
seen  and  heard  by  all;  a  board  nailed  against  a  tree  to  sup- 
port the  Bible;  a  few  rude  benches  for  seats;  and  some  boards 
overhead  to  protect  the  minister  from  sun  and  rain.  Thus 
accommodated,  they  worshiped  a  good  part  of  the  day. 

On  the  23d  of  Aug.,  1752,  Mr.  Cuthbertson  held  his  first 
communion  in  America.     It  was  at  Stony  Ridge,  the  Walter 


lO  HISTORY   OF 

Buchanan  or  Junkin  "tent,"  now  New  Kingston,  Cumber- 
land Co. ,  Pa.  A  preparatory  fast  day  was  observed,  tokens 
of  admission  were  dispensed,*  and  the  services  on  the  Sab- 
bath commenced  early  and  lasted  for  nine  hours.  He  para- 
phrased the  15th  Psalm,  and  preached  from  John  iii.  35, 
"The  Father  loveth  the  Son,  and  hath  given  all  things  into 
Plis  hands."  After  the  sermon  he  prayed  and  they  sang;  he 
then  expounded  the  ordinance,  debarred  from  and  invited  to 
the  tables.  The  communicants  came  to  the  tables  singing 
the  24th  Psalm.  After  four  table  services  were  concluded  he 
gave  a  parting  exhortation  to  the  communicants  and  prayed. 
After  an  interval  of  half  an  hour  he  preached  again  from 
John  xvi.  31,  "Jesus  answered  them,  Do  ye  now  believe?" 
On  ]\Ionday  he  preached  from  Eph.  v.  15,  "See  that  ye  walk 
circumspectly,  not  as  fools,  but  as  wise."  About  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  persons  communed,  and  this  must  have  com- 
prised very  nearly  the  entire  number  of  adult  Covenanters  in 
the  countr}',  for  the  place  was  central,  the  season  was  pleas- 
ant, and  they  gathered  in  from  their  different  settlements  in 
what  is  now  the  counties  of  Lancaster,  York,  Dauphin, 
Cumberland,  Adams,  Franklin  and  Fulton,  and  nearly  every 
adiilt  was  a  communicant. 

This  was  the  first  time  that  the  followers  of  Cameron,  Car- 
gill  and  Renwick  had  ever  outside  the  British  Isles  gathered 
together  around  the  communion  table  of  the  Lord,  to  eat 
bread  and  to  drink  wine  in  commemoration  of  a  Saviour's 
love  and  atoning  death.  To  them  it  must  have  been  a  higfh 
day.  It  brought  them  to  a  mount  of  ordinances,  and  spread 
for  them  a  table  in  the  wilderness,  giving  them  thus  a  tangi- 
ble evidence  of  the  thoughtfulness  and  tender  care  of  the 
Great  Shepherd.  It  also  waked  the  memory  of  other  days 
and  of  other  scenes,  and  called  up  the  forms  and  caresses  of 
loved  ones  parted  with  beyond  the  sea.  Their  tears  were 
doubtless  mingled  ones  of  gladness  and  of  sorrow,  half  of 
earth  and  half  of  heaven.  Such  a  scene  of  gratitude  and  of 
praise,  of  memory  and  of  tears,  must  have  strengthened 
every  heart  and  quickened  every  grace,  and  made  them  to 
sing,  as  they  never  sang  before,  that  triumphant  song  which 

*  One  of  which  the  writer  possesses. 


REFORMED   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  II 

had  so  often  sustained  and  cheered  their  persecuted  ancestors 
when  "Mountain  Men"  in  Scotland: — 

"  God  is  our  refuge  and  our  strength, 
In  straits  a  present  aid  ; 
Therefore,  although  the  earth  remove, 
We  will  not  be  afraid." 

Mr.  Cuthbertson  had  now  finished  the  first  year  of  his  mis- 
sionary labors,  during  which  he  preached  on  a  hundred  and 
twenty  days,  baptized  a  hundred  and  ten  children,  married 
ten  couples,  and  rode  on  horseback  twenty-five  hundred  miles. 
The  toil  and  labor,  the  difficulties  and  dangers  of  such  a 
year's  work  cannot  now  be  estimated  or  appreciated.  He 
was  more  than  one  hundred  days  in  the  saddle;  he  had  to 
cross,  without  the  aid  of  bridge  or  boat,  streams  of  consider- 
able volume,  and  often  when  greatly  swollen ;  he  had  to  pass 
from  one  settlement  to  another  through  miles  of  heavy  un- 
broken forests,  where  were  the  lair  of  the  wild  beast  and  the 
wigwam  of  the  wilder  red  man,  without  the  advantage  of 
roads,  and  guided  often  by  the  blazed  trees  which  marked  a 
trail.  The  summer's  sun  and  the  winter's  frost,  the  drench- 
ing rain  and  the  drifting  snow,  had  to  be  boldly  met  and  pa- 
tiently endured.  His  studying  had  to  be  largely  done  on 
horseback,  without  the  aid  of  helps,  during  the  tedious 
hours  of  his  lonely  rides.  His  food  by  day  and  lodgings  at 
night  were  guiltless  of  any  special  comforts,  and  barely  met 
the  demands  of  necessity.  And  yet  this  apostolic  man  toiled 
on  for  thirty-nine  years,  during  which  time  he  preached  on 
twenty-four  hundred  and  fifty-two  days,  baptized  eighteen 
hundred  and  six  children,  married  two  hundred  and  forty 
couples,  and  rode  on  horseback  about  seventy  thousand  miles, 
or  nearly  equal  to  three  times  around  the  world.  His  dust 
now  sleeps  on  the  Octoraro's  bank,  awaiting  the  resurrection 
of  the  just,  and  we  would  gladly  bring  a  flower  and  lay  it 
upon  his  grave  in  honor  of  his  life,  and  in  token  of  gratitude 
for  the  privileges  which  we  now  enjoy,  partly  through  his 
labors  and  sacrifices.  * 

*  Mr.  Cuthbertson  kept  a  diary  in  which  he  carefulh^  recorded  every  act 
or  incident.  This  diary  is  now  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Buch- 
anan, of  Steubenville,  Ohio. 


I  a  HISTORY   OF 

Mr.  Cuthbertson  ordained  his  first  bench  of  ruling  elders 
on  the  8th  of  Apr.,  1752,  at  Rocky  Spring,  near  Chambers- 
burg.  These  were  James  and  George  Wilson,  of  Fulton  Co. , 
George  Mitchell,  of  Rocky  Spring,  David  Dunwoodie,  grand- 
father of  the  late  James  L.  Dinwiddle,  and  Jeremiah  Morrow, 
father  of  the  late  Governor  Morrow  of  Ohio,  both  of  Rock 
Creek,  in  Adams  Co.  In  Dec.  of  the  same  year,  he  ordained 
several  more  at  Octoraro,  who  belonged  to  the  stations  east  of 
the  river.  These  had  not  only  a  local  jurisdiction,  but  also  a 
general  supervision  over  all  the  associated  societies.  For  sev- 
eral years  only  one  communion  was  held  each  year,  but  this 
was  for  the  benefit  of  the  whole.  A  central  location  was  se- 
lected during  the  pleasant  weather  of  late  summer  or  early 
autumn,  and  the  members  from  all  the  stations  were  expected 
to  be  present  and  participate,  and  they  were  always  received 
with  a  large  and  hearty  hospitality  by  the  resident  families. 
The  second  communion  was  on  the  14th  of  Oct.,  1753,  at 
Paxtang,  Dauphin  Co. ,  when  about  two  hundred  communed. 
The  third  was  at  the  same  place,  on  the  25th  of  August,  1754, 
when  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  participated.  Mr.  Cuth- 
bertson mentions  in  his  diary  that  upon  this  occasion,  while 
engaged  in  prayer,  asking  a  blessing  upon  the  use  of  the 
bread  and  wine,  a  fearful  thunderstorm  broke  upon  them, 
killing  four  horses  and  a  dog  some  forty  yards  from  the 
"tent." 

In  the  spring  of  1773,  Mr.  William  Brown,  of  Paxtang, 
went  as  commissioner  to  Ireland  to  procure  two  additional 
ministers,  and  was  especially  instructed  to  get,  if  possible,  the 
Rev.  Matthew  Lind,  pastor  at  Aghadowey,  in  Londonderry 
Co.,  as  one  of  these.  He  was  successful.  Mr.  lyind  and 
Alexander  Dobbin,  specially  licensed  and  ordained  for  this 
purpose,  returned  with  him.  They  landed  at  New  Castle, 
Delaware,  about  the  middle  of  Dec,  1773,  and  on  the  loth  of 
March,  1774,  Messrs.  Cuthbertson,  Lind  and  Dobbin,  with 
several  ruling  elders,  met  at  Paxtang,  six  miles  east  of  Har- 
risburg.  Pa.,  and  constituted  themselves  as  the  Refor7ncd 
Presbyterian  Presbytery  of  America.  They  agreed  to  distrib- 
ute their  labors  thus:  Mr.  Cuthbertson  to  reside  on  the  Mid- 
dle Octoraro,  and  take  charge  of  that  church  and  also  Muddy 


REFORMED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH.  1 3 

Creek,  in  Lancaster,  and  Lower  Chanceford,  in  York  Co. ; 
Mr.  Lind  to  locate  at  Paxtang,  and  have  the  pastoral  care  of 
that  congregation  and  of  that  at  Stony  Ridge,  in  Cumberland 
Co. ;  and  Mr.  Dobbin  to  reside  at  Rock  Creek,  now  Gettys- 
burg, and  serve  that  church  and  the  one  on  the  East  Coneco- 
cheague,  now  Greencastle,  in  Franklin  Co.  David  Telfair, 
of  the  Burgher  Synod  of  Scotland,  who  had  supplied  the  Bur- 
gher congregation  in  Shippen  street  for  ten  or  twelve  years, 
joined  the  Presbytery  on  the  12th  of  Aug.,  1780.  About  the 
ist  of  Dec,  1781,  this  Presbytery  unanimously  adopted  the 
terms  of  union,  as  adopted  and  offered  by  the  Associate  Pres- 
bytery of  New  York,  and  all  its  ministers  and  fully  organized 
congregations  went  into  the  union  consummated  on  the  ist 
of  Nov.,  1782,  which  originated  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church.  Most  of  the  isolated  societies  which  were  not  under 
direct  pastoral  influence  took  no  part  in  this  union,  but  went 
on  as  before  and  wrote  to  the  fatherland  for  a  supply  of  min- 
isters. In  1789  the  Rev.  James  Reid,  of  Scotland,  visited  this 
country  and  surveyed  the  whole  field  from  New  York  to 
South  Carolina,  and  returned  home  in  1790.  The  Rev.  Mr. 
McGarragh  was  sent  out  from  Ireland  in  1791,  and  William 
King  in  1792  from  Scotland.  They  were  authorized  to  man- 
age the  affairs  of  the  Covenanting  Church,  as  a  Committee  of 
the  Presbytery  in  Scotland.  They  were  soon  joined  by 
others,  and  a  new  Presbytery  was  organized  in  1798. 


14  HISTORY  OF 


The  Associate  Presbyterian  Church. 


IN  1690,  after  the  long  and  sore  persecution  under  Charles 
II,  and  James  II.  was  terminated  by  the  accession  of 
William  and  Mary  to  the  throne,  Presbyterianism  was  re- 
established in  Scotland.  So  great  was  the  desire  of  the 
pfovernment  to  avoid  as  much  ecclesiastical  excitement  as 
possible,  that  the  General  Assembly  allowed  several  hundred 
of  the  Episcopal  incumbents  to  retain  their  charges,  upon  the 
single  condition  that  they  would  submit  to  that  very  Presby- 
terian system  which  they  had  helped  the  persecutors  to  over- 
throw. Of  these  men  Bishop  Burnet  says :  ' '  They  were  the 
worst  preachers  I  ever  heard;  they  were  ignorant  to  a  re- 
proach, and  many  of  them  were  clearly  vicious.  They  were 
a  disgrace  to  their  orders,  and  were  indeed  the  dregs  and  the 
refuse  of  the  northern  parts.  Those  of  them  that  rose  above 
contempt  and  scandal  were  men  of  such  violent  tempers  that 
they  were  as  much  hated  as  the  others  were  despised."  The 
result  was  a  rapid  growth  of  error  and  corruption  in  the 
church,  so  that  within  thirty  years  Professor  Simson,  in  the 
Divinity  Chair  of  Glasgow,  was  permitted  to  teach  some  of 
the  worst  errors  of  heathenism,  and  yet  allowed  to  retain  the 
emoluments  of  his  office  and  the  communion  of  the  church 
till  his  death. 

The  church  being  established  by  law,  the  settlement  of  its 
ministers  was  not  by  election  of  the  people,  but  by  the  pre- 
sentation of  a  patron.  As  the  corrupt  party  increased  in 
number  and  in  power,  they  made  the  system  of  patronage 
more  and  more  oppressive,  until  the  people  ceased  to  have 
either  power  or  privilege,  and  even  the  poor  boon  of  remon- 
strance was  withdrawn. 

At  this  stage  of  affairs  some  of  the  evangelical  ministers  re- 


ASSOCIATE    PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  15 

published  "The  Marrow  of  Modem  Divinity,"  by  Edward 
Fisher,  of  England,  believing  that  its  circulation  would  help 
the  cause  of  truth.  This  aroused  the  indignation  of  the  Mod- 
erates, and  in  the  Assembly  of  1720  they  condemned  a  num- 
ber of  propositions  which  they  claimed  to  have  gathered  from 
that  book.  Against  this  act  twelve  of  the  most  eminent 
ministers  of  the  church  prepared  a  representation  or  explana- 
tory protest.  These  men  were  James  Hog,  Thomas  Boston, 
John  Bonar,  John  Williamson,  James  Kid,  Gabriel  Wilson, 
Ebenezer  Erskine,  Ralph  Erskine,  James  Wardlaw,  Henry 
Davidson,  John  Bathgate  and  William  Hunter.  Their  paper 
was  considered  in  1722,  and  the  result  was  a  condemnation 
of  the  alleged  doctrines  of  the  "Marrow,"  and  following  the 
example  of  Rome  in  its  Index  Expurgatorius,  they  ' '  strictly 
prohibited  and  discharged  all  the  ministers  of  the  church  to 
use  by  writing,  preaching,  catechising  or  otherwise  teaching, 
either  publicly  or  privately,  the  positions  condemned,  or  what 
may  be  equivalent  to  them  or  of  like  tendency,  under  pain 
of  the  censures  of  the  church  conformed  to  the  merit  of  their 
offence."  The  representers  were  also  rebuked  and  admon- 
ished by  the  moderator.  That  the  Moderates  might  have  a 
free  and  unrestrained  course,  the  Barrier  Act,  or  law  of  over- 
tures, was  suspended  or  disregarded,  and  protests  and  dissents 
were  no  longer  recorded. 

The  evangelical  party,  being  thus  shut  out  from  the  judi- 
catories of  the  church,  concluded  to  carry  the  cause  into  the 
pulpit.  The  Rev.  Ebenezer  Erskine,  as  moderator,  opened 
the  meeting  of  the  Synod  of  Perth  and  Sterling  on  the  i8th 
of  Oct.,  1732,  with  a  sermon  from  the  text:  "The  stone 
which  the  builders  refuse  is  become  the  head-stone  of  the 
corner;"  Psalm  cxviii.  22.  He  treated  of  the  church  as  a 
building,  of  Christ  as  the  foundation  of  the  building,  of  the 
builders,  of  their  error  in  refusing  Christ,  and  of  the  glory  to 
which  Christ  will  be  exalted  as  the  head-stone  in  spite  of  all 
the  attempts  of  these  builders  to  thrust  Him  out  of  His  place. 
In  the  course  of  his  remarks  he  took  some  notice  of  the  Jew- 
ish builders,  which  appeared  not  very  complimentary  to  some 
of  the  builders  before  him,  and  which  caused  not  a  little  hard 
feeling  towards  the  preacher.     He  was  called  to  an  account 


l6  HISTORY   OF 

for  what  were  regarded  as  the  injurious  reflections  contained 
in  his  sermon,  and  after  a  warm  discussion  of  three  days' 
continuance,  he  was  adjudged  by  a  majority  of  six  to  be  re- 
buked. From  this  sentence  Mr.  Erskine  appealed  to  the 
General  Assembly.  His  son-in-law,  the  Rev.  James  Fisher, 
joined  him  in  this  appeal.  Fourteen  others  dissented  and 
protested,  amongst  whom  were  the  Rev.  Alexander  Moncrieff 
and  the  Rev.  William  Wilson.  When  the  case  came  up  in 
the  Assembly,  in  May,  1733,  Messrs.  Moncrieff  and  Wilson 
were  denied  a  hearing  in  behalf  of  their  dissent,  and  Mr. 
Fisher  in  behalf  of  his  protest.  Mr.  Erskine  alone  was  heard, 
but  the  Assembly  sustained  the  decision  of  the  Synod,  and 
ordered  him  to  be  rebuked  at  their  own  bar  in  order  to  termi- 
nate the  process.  He  submitted  to  the  rebuke,  and  then  im- 
mediately produced  a  paper  in  which  he  protested  against  the 
censure  which  had  been  inflicted,  as  importing  that  he  had  in 
his  sermon  departed  from  the  Word  of  God  and  the  standards 
of  the  church.  He  also  claimed  that  he  should  "  be  at  liberty 
to  preach  the  same  truths  of  God,  and  to  testify  against  the 
same  or  like  defections  of  this  church  upon  all  proper  occa- 
sions." In  this  protest  he  was  joined  by  Messrs.  Moncrieff, 
Wilson  and  Fisher. 

The  protest  was  refused  a  hearing,  as  was  the  custom  of 
that  day,  and  laid  upon  the  table  unread.  It  accidentally  fell 
to  the  floor,  and  a  member  near  by  picked  it  up  and  read  it, 
and  then  called  upon  the  Assembly  to  stop  their  proceedings 
and  take  notice  of  the  insufferable  insult  offered  by  the  pre- 
sentation of  such  a  paper.  The  protest  was  then  publicly 
read,  and  McKerrow  says:  "The  whole  Assembly  was  in  an 
uproar.  A  paper  containing  high  treason  against  the  Sove- 
reign, or  blasphemy  against  the  majesty  of  Heaven,  could  not 
have  called  forth  a  greater  burst  of  indignation."  The  four 
brethren  were  ordered  to  appear  before  the  Assembly  next 
morning,  which  they  did,  and,  refusing  to  withdraw  their 
paper,  were  directed  to  appear  before  the  Commission  in 
August  next,  "and  then  show  their  sorrow  for  their  conduct 
and  misbehavior  in  offering  to  protest,  and  in  giving  in  to  the 
Assembly  the  paper  by  them  subscribed,  and  that  they  then 
retract  the  same. ' '     If  they  refused  to  do  so,  the  Commission 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  1 7 

was  directed  to  suspend  them  from  the  ministry,  and  if  still 
refractory,  to  proceed  to  a  higher  censure.  When  the  Com- 
mission met  in  August  they  refused  to  retract  their  protest, 
and  were  suspended  "from  the  exercise  of  the  ministerial 
functions  and  all  the  parts  thereof."  The  brethren  continued 
the  exercise  of  their  ministry  without  any  regard  to  the  act 
of  suspension,  and  received  considerable  encouragement  in  so 
doing.  At  the  meeting  of  the  Commission  in  November  peti- 
tions were  sent  in  from  seven  Synods  and  a  number  of  Presby- 
teries in  their  behalf,  and  a  large  portion  of  the  members  of 
the  Commission  were  in  favor  of  delay,  A  motion  to  post- 
pone was  lost  by  the  casting  vote  of  the  moderator.  It  was 
finally  carried  to  ' '  loose  the  relation  of  the  said  four  ministers 
to  their  charges,  and  declared  them  no  longer  ministers  of  this 
church,  and  to  prohibit  all  ministers  of  this  church  to  employ 
them  in  any  ministerial  function."  Seven  of  the  ministers 
of  the  Commission  protested  against  this  act,  and  avowed 
their  willingness  to  hold  ministerial  communion  with  them. 
The  four  brethren  handed  in  a  paper,  declaring  themselves 
under  the  necessity  of  SECEDING  from  the  church,  and  soon 
afterward  met  as  a  Presbytery,  which  they  styled  Associate^ 
without  the  presence  of  any  ruling  elders,  and  published  what 
was  known  as  the  "Extra-Judicial  Testimony."  In  this  they 
defended  their  action  on  the  ground  of  the  evils  in  the  church, 
and  the  fact  that  they  were  thrust  out  because  of  their  testify- 
ing against  these  evils.  They  performed  no  judicial  act  for 
three  years,  hoping  that  something  would  be  done  by  which 
they  could  consistently  return  to  the  church.  There  was  a 
strong  evangelical  party  in  the  church  which  sympathized 
with  them  and  gave  very  free  expression  to  their  sympathy. 
The  Assembly  of  1734  was  somewhat  alarmed  and  anxious  as 
to  the  consequences,  and  tried  to  conciliate.  The  barrier  acts 
were  restored;  the  act  prohibiting  the  recording  of  reasons  of 
dissent  and  that  anent  the  planting  of  churches,  were  declared 
to  be  "no  longer  binding  rules  of  this  church,"  and  the 
Synod  of  Perth  and  Sterling  was  empowered  to  remove  the 
censures  from  the  four  brethren  and  to  restore  them  to  their 
charges.  And  the  Synod  did  so  on  the  2d  of  July,  "with  one 
voice  and  consent,"  and  then  elected  Mr.  Erskine  to  the  mod- 


l8  HISTORY   OF 

erator's  chair  in  his  absence.  The  brethren  considered  these 
overtures  of  conciliation  long  and  earnestly,  and  finally  con- 
cluded to  decline  them,  upon  the  simple  ground  that  some 
errors  only  were  corrected,  while  the  principle  which  pro- 
duced these  errors  remained  unchanged,  and  consequently 
promised  only  a  temporary  peace.  The  succeeding  Assem- 
blies fully  vindicated  the  seceders  in  their  course. 

In  the  summer  of  1736  the  four  brethren  began  to  act  judi- 
cially as  a  Presbytery,  and  on  the  3d  of  Dec.  emitted  an  elab- 
orate judicial  testimony.  Little  societies  sprang  up  in  many 
places,  which  applied  to  them  for  ordinances;  and  as  there 
were  young  men  in  the  universities  who  sympathized  with 
them,  Mr.  Wilson  was  appointed  their  Professor  of  Divinity. 
In  1737  Thomas  Mair,  of  Orwell,  and  Ralph  Erskine,  of  Dun- 
fermline, joined  the  Presbytery,  and  in  1738  Thomas  Nairne, 
of  Abbotshall,  and  James  Thompson,  of  Burntisland,  making 
eight  in  all.  The  Assembly  of  1739  cited  them  to  appear  and 
answer  for  schism,  and  the  eight  brethren  presented  them- 
selves before  the  bar  of  the  Assembly  as  a  constituted  Presby- 
tery, and  formally  declined  the  authority  of  the  judicatories 
of  the  church.  The  Assembly  of  1740  proceeded  to  depose 
them  from  the  ministry,  and  expel  them  forcibly  from  their 
churches  and  manses.  This  terminated  all  connection  with 
the  Kirk. 

The  increase  of  ministers  and  congregations  was  such  that 
in  1744  there  were  twenty-six  settled  charges.  These  were 
so  scattered  that  in  that  year  the  body  was  divided  into  three 
Presbyteries  subordinate  to  a  Synod.  During  the  next  year 
the  question  was  started  as  to  the  lawfulness  of  taking  certain 
burgess  oaths,  which  contained  this  clause:  "Here  I  protest, 
before  God  and  your  lordships,  that  I  profess  and  allow  with 
my  heart  the  true  religion  presently  professed  within  this 
realm,  and  authorized  by  the  laws  thereof;  I  shall  abide 
thereat,  and  defend  the  same  to  my  life's  end,  renouncing  the 
Roman  religion  called  papistry."  The  Synod  was  nearly 
equally  divided  as  to  the  lawfulness  of  their  members  swearing 
this  oath.  The  controversy  waxed  so  hot  that  in  1747  the 
Synod  divided,  and  the  secession  was  continued  in  two 
branches,  the  Burgher  and  the  Anti-Burgher,  until  Sept.  8, 


ASvSOICATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  I9 

1820,  when  they  were  re-united  as  the  United  Secession 
Church. 

As  early  as  1742,  a  petition  was  received  from  Londonderry, 
Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  asking  that  an  ordained  minister  or  a  pro- 
bationer might  be  sent  to  labor  in  that  district.  But  the  few 
brethren  had  none  to  send.  In  1750  and  '51  petitions  were 
sent  to  the  Anti-Burgher  Synod,  asking  for  a  supply  for  the 
eastern  counties  of  Pennsylvania.  After  some  failures  to  ac- 
cept appointments,  Mr.  Alexander  Gellatly  accepted  the  ap- 
pointment given  him,  and  was  specially  licensed  and  ordained 
as  the  first  Associate  Missionary  to  America.  The  Rev.  An- 
drew Arnot,  pastor  at  Midholm,  agreed  to  go  with  him,  with 
the  liberty  of  returning  at  the  end  of  the  year,  if  he  so  desired. 
They  sailed  in  the  summer  of  1753,  and  found  a  wide  and 
promising  field  in  the  valley  of  the  Susquehanna  in  Pennsyl- 
vania. On  the  2d  of  Nov.,  1753,  they  organized  themselves, 
as  they  had  been  directed  to  do,  into  a  presbytery,  which  they 
styled  the  "Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,"  subordi- 
nate to  the  Associate  Anti-Burgher  Synod  of  Scotland.  They 
were  at  once  invited  by  the  Presbytery  of  New  Castle  of  the 
New  Light  Presbyterian  Synod  of  New  York  to  cast  in  their 
lot  with  them.  This  was  of  course  declined,  and  that  Presby- 
tery forthwith  issued  a  warning  to  their  congregations  against 
these  men  as  schismatics  and  separatists,  and  as  being  heret- 
ical on  the  gospel  offer,  the  nature  of  faith,  and  sundry  other 
things.  Mr.  Gellatly  answered  this  warning  in  a  publication 
of  240  pages.  Messrs.  Finley  and  Smith  of  the  New  Castle 
Presbytery  replied,  and  Mr.  Gellatly  followed  with  a  second 
answer  of  203  pages. 

In  Sept.,  1754,  the  Rev.  James  Proudfoot  (now  Proudfit) 
arrived  from  Scotland  and  joined  the  Presbyter}^,  and  Mr. 
Arnot  having  finished  his  year  returned  to  his  pastoral  charge 
in  Scotland.  The  mission  of  these  three  men  cost  the  Synod 
about  five  hundred  dollars,  and  considering  the  fewness  and 
the  feebleness  of  its  congregations,  it  was  a  very  generous  con- 
tribution to  the  cause  of  Missions.  Mr.  Gellatly  was  settled 
over  the  congregation  of  Octoraro,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  and  also 
over  Oxford,  in  Chester  Co.,  until  relieved  of  the  latter  by 
Mr.  Henderson.     Mr.  Proudfit  traveled  amonof  the  churches 


20  HISTORY   OF 

for  three  or  four  years,  and  then  settled  in  Pequea,  in  Lan- 
caster Co.  In  1758  Matthew  Henderson  arrived  as  a  mission- 
nary  from  Scotland,  and  settled  over  Oxford,  Pa.,  and  one- 
third  time  over  Pencader,  in  the  edge  of  the  State  of  Delaware, 
near  the  present  town  of  Newark.  On  the  12th  of  March, 
1 761,  Mr.  Gellatly  died,  and  during  the  same  year  John  Ma- 
son, minister,  and  Robert  Annan  and  John  Smart,  licentiates, 
arrived.  Mr.  Mason  was  immediately  settled  in  New  York 
city,  over  a  congregation  which  had  sent  for  him;  Mr.  Annan 
was  ordained  and  installed  on  the  8tli  of  June,  1763,  at 
Marsh  Creek,  in  Adams  Co. ,  Pa. ,  and  Mr.  Smart  after  a  year 
or  so  returned  to  Scotland.  In  the  autumn  of  1763  William 
Marshall  arrived,  and  on  the  30th  of  Aug.,  1765,  was  or- 
dained and  installed  at  Deep  Run,  Bucks  Co.,  Pa. 

Thus  far  all  the  Associate  ministers  were  from  the  Anti- 
Burgher  Synod  of  Scotland;  but  in  1764  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Clarke,  M.  D. ,  and  over  two  hundred  of  his  congregation  in 
Ballybay,  Ireland,  arrived  and  finally  located  in  Salem,  N. 
Y.  Dr.  Clarke  was  from  the  Burgher  Presbytery  in  Ireland, 
which  was  subordinate  to  the  Burgher  Synod  of  Scotland, 
but  he  did  not  wish  to  continue  a  division  in  the  Secession, 
which  could  have  no  possible  grounds  or  significancy  in  this 
country  where  there  were  no  burgess  oaths,  so  he  applied  at 
once  to  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  for  admis- 
sion. After  some  delay  and  considerable  negotiations  as  to 
terms,  he  was  admitted  on  the  2d  of  Sept.,  1765,  upon  the 
following  conditions,  viz.  : 

1.  That  Mr.  Clarke  shall  not,  either  publicly  or  privately,  justify  the  Bur- 
gess oath,  or  any  writing  published  in  defence  of  it,  nor  give  countenance  to 
any  in  taking  such  a  step,  and  the  Presb)'tery  agree  to  drop  the  whole  con- 
troversy concerning  it. 

2.  That  Mr.  Clarke  concur  with  this  Presbytery  in  adhering  to  the  Na- 
tional Covenant  and  the  Solemn  League,  with  the  bond  for  renewing  the 
same,  together  with  the  Act,  Declaration  and  Testimony,  as  they  were  owned 
and  professed  before  the  unhappy  division,  and  that  he  endeavors  to  prose- 
cute the  ends  of  them  in  his  place  and  station. 

3.  That  Mr.  Clarke  shall  not  endeavor  to  obtain  a  Presbj-tery  in  America 
constituted  in  opposition  to  this  Presbytery,  nor  countenance  any  attempt 
toward  erecting  such  a  Presbytery. 

4.  That  Mr.  Clarke  shall  not  preach  upon  an  invitation  from  people  who 
are  in  full  communion  with,  or  have  made  application  to,  this  Presbytery  for 
sermon  without  their  allowance,  nor  countenance  any  brother  in  taking  such 
a  step. 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  21 

5.  That  Mr.  Clarke  shall  acknowledge  that  this  Presbytery  and  Synod  in 
Scotland,  to  which  it  is  subordinate,  are  lawful  courts  of  Jesus  Christ,  and 
the  Presbytery  likewise  acknowledge  that  the  other  Synod  is  a  lawful  court 
of  Christ;  nor  do  the  Presbytery  desire  that  he  renounce  his  subjection  to 
that  Synod  according  to  these  terms. 

6.  That  the  members  of  this  Presbytery  shall  not,  either  publicly  or  pri- 
vately, justify  the  act  condemning  the  Burgess  oath,  or  the  censures  passed 
against  some  of  Mr.  Clarke's  brethren  by  their  Sj-nod,  or  justify  any  writing 
in  defence  of  said  censures,  or  countenance  any  step  tending  thereto. 

7.  That  the  Presbj'tery  and  Mr.  Clarke  shall  endeavor  to  strengthen  one 
another  in  pursuance  of  these  terms,  and  to  bring  about  a  general  healing 
of  the  unhappy  division  in  a  Scriptural  way. 

8.  That  our  secession,  we  must  acknowledge,  is  such  as  is  declared  to  be  in 
the  grounds  of  secession,  contained  in  the  first  testimony,  which  is  approved 
of  and  made  judicial  in  the  judicial  testimony,  and  is  substantially  declared 
in  our  declaration,  and  so  we  look  upon  ourselves  as  standing  upon  the  same 
footing  as  before  the  rupture. 

9.  That  upon  subscribing  to  these  terms  the  Presbytery  and  Mr.  Clarke 
shall,  in  the  meantime  and  henceforward,  maintain  a  brotherly  communica- 
tion with  each  other. 

In  witness  whereof  both  parties  have  set  their  hands  to  this.  Subscribed 
by  appointment. 

ROBERT  ANNAN,  3Iod., 

THOMAS  CIvARKE. 

McKerrow  in  his  history  of  the  Secession  Church  states 
that  "in  the  month  of  Sept.,  1765,  an  application  was  re- 
ceived from  some  of  the  inhabitants  of  New  Cambridge,  in 
the  county  of  Albany,  and  province  of  New  York,  represent- 
ing in  strong  terms  their  destitute  condition  with  regard  to 
the  gospel,  and  craving  that  the  Synod  (Burgher)  would  send 
them  without  delay  a  minister  to  break  among  them  the 
bread  of  life,  at  the  same  time  promising  to  give  the  person 
who  should  be  sent  a  suitable  maintenance. 

' '  The  Synod  having  taken  this  position  into  consideration, 
as  well  as  the  application  formerly  made  from  Philadelphia, 
resolved  both  to  send  an  ordained  minister  and  a  preacher, 
but  delayed  making  the  appointment  until  the  month  of  No- 
vember, when  they  were  again  to  meet  for  the  dispatch  of 
business. 

"On  the  i2th  of  Nov.  the  Synod  appointed  Mr.  Telfair  to 
go  on  a  mission  to  America  early  in  the  spring,  and  agreed 
to  send  with  him  Mr.  Samuel  Kinloch,  probationer.  They 
were  to  remain  in  America  till  Apr.,  1767,  unless  the  Synod 
should  see  fit  to  recall  or  extend  their  appointments.     They 


22  HISTORY   OF 

were  to  preach  not  only  at  Philadelphia  and  New  Cambridge, 
but  in  any  other  places  where  they  might  find  an  opening. 

"In  May,  1767,  the  Synod  received  letters  from  the  con- 
gregations in  Philadelphia  and  New  Cambridge,  expressing 
their  warmest  thanks  for  the  benefits  they  had  received  from 
the  ministrations  of  Messrs.  Telfair  and  Kinloch,  and  be- 
seeching that  the  Synod  would  either  permit  these  brethren 
to  continue  among  them,  or,  should  they  be  removed,  that 
others  might  be  speedily  sent  to  supply  their  place. ' ' 

In  the  spring  of  1766  Messrs.  Telfair  and  Kinloch  arrived, 
and  the  former  took  charge  of  the  Burgher  congregation  in 
Shippen  street,  Philadelphia,  while  the  latter  made  his  head- 
quarters in  New  Cambridge,  now  Cambridge,  Washington 
Co.,  New  York.  When  their  appointed  year  had  expired 
they  concluded  to  remain  permanently  in  this  country,  and 
made  application  to  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsyl- 
vania for  admission  to  its  membership.  A  meeting  of  Pres- 
bytery was  called  to  meet  on  the  9th  of  June,  1767,  at  Pequea, 
Pa.,  "that  steps  might  be  taken  for  making  the  coalescence 
between  this  Presbytery  and  Mr.  Telfair  and  Mr.  Kinloch 
complete."     The  minute  of  that  meeting  runs  Thus: 

"They  proceeded  to  consider  the  terms  of  agreement  be- 
tween them  and  the  Rev.  Thomas  Clarke,  of  Stillwater,  in 
the  county  of  Albany,  to  which,  with  some  small  variation, 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Telfair,  minister  of  the  gospel  in  Monteith,  in 
Scotland,  with  Mr.  S.  Kinloch,  probationer,  did  agree." 

They  then  added  the  following  endorsement  to  the  origi- 
nal Clarke  covenant: 

"That  the  Rev.  David  Telfair,  with  Mr.  Samuel  Kinloch, 
having  considered  the  above  terms,  approve  of  them,  in  testi- 
mony whereof  be  considered  these  presents. 

"  DAVID  TELFAIR, 
"SAMUEL  KINLOCH. 

'''•June  9,  1767." 

This  action  was  not  satisfactory  to  the  Anti-Burgher  Synod 
in  Scotland,  where  the  necessities  of  the  case  could  not  be 
properly  appreciated,  so  at  its  meeting  in  1770  this  coales- 
cence was  pointedly  condemned,  and  three  ministers  were 
appointed  as  new  missionaries  to  America.     They  were  in- 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  23 

structed  to  require  the  Presbytery  "to  annul"  its  union  with 
the  Burghers,  and  to  "obliterate  their  minute"  respecting  it. 
And  if  the  Presbytery  should  refuse  to  do  this,  then  they  and 
any  of  the  brethren  that  chose  to  join  with  them  should 
constitute  themselves  into  a  new  Presbytery  and  hold  no 
fellowship  with  the  backsliders.  John  Proudfit,  James  Ram- 
sey and  John  Rodgers  were  appointed  to  this  mission. 
Proudfit  and  Ramsey  declined,  and  John  Smith  of  Sterling 
volunteered  to  go  with  Mr,  Rodgers.  They  sailed  in  the  late 
autumn,  and  on  the  4th  of  June,  1771,  laid  their  instructions 
before  the  Presbytery  at  its  meeting  in  Pequea,  Pa.  The 
Presbytery  was  considerably  embarrassed  to  know  what  to 
do,  and  was  by  no  means  definite  in  what  it  did  do.  The 
congregations  in  Salem,  Cambridge  and  Shippen  street, 
Philadelphia,  were  Burgher,  but  had  put  themselves  under 
the  care  of  the  Presbytery.  All  the  other  congregations  had 
been  organized  under  Anti-Burgher  auspices,  and  yet  they 
all  contained  more  or  less  Burghers  in  their  membership.  To 
introduce  the  Old  Country  controversy  into  the  Presbytery 
would  be  sure  to  stir  up  strife  and  division  everywhere. 
Hence,  in  the  first  term  of  union  with  the  three  Burgher 
ministers  it  is  expressly  stipulated  that  this  controversy  shall 
be  buried;  and  in  the  third  term,  that  no  antagonistic 
Burgher  Presbytery  should  ever  be  organized.  The  question 
now  was  to  reconcile  obedience  to  the  Synod  in  Scotland, 
which,  without  understanding  the  exigencies  of  the  case,  had 
issued  a  peremptory  order,  and  to  preserve  peace  in  their 
midst  and  prosper  their  work.  The  Presbyterial  record  reads 
thus:  "The  Presbytery  met  at  Mr.  Proudfoot's  house  in  the 
evening  of  the  5th  of  June,  and  constituted  with  prayer,  ut 
supra  sederunt  excepting  the  elder.  They  entered  upon  the 
consideration  of  the  instructions  given  by  the  Synod  to 
Messrs,  Rodgers  and  Smith,  and  after  long  reasoning  on  that 
head,  and  application  by  a  brother  to  the  throne  of  grace  for 
direction,  they  find  that  in  making  the  coalescence  with  the 
Burgher  brethren  they  have  taken  some  steps  inconsistent 
with  their  subordination  to  the  Synod  to  which  they  have 
been  and  are  subordinate,  and  they  are  determined  that  for 
the  future  they  shall  have  no  ministerial  communion  with 


24  HISTORY   OF 

them  until  they  lay  the  case  before  the  Synod  and  receive  in- 
structions from  them.  But  they  do  not  judge  it  for  edifica- 
tion, in  their  present  peculiar  circumstances,  explicitly  to 
comply  with  the  Synod's  demand,  which  motion  was  unani- 
mously agreed  to  by  the  Presbytery.  And  Mr.  Rodgers  and 
Mr.  Smith,  recognizing  that  the  Synod's  demand  was  materi- 
ally granted,  and  being  extremely  loath  to  pursue  any 
measures  which  might  impede  general  edification,  took  their 
seats  in  the  Presbytery."  In  other  words,  we  cannot 
"annul"  and  "obliterate"  what  is  past,  but  all  such  cases  in 
the  future  shall  be  referred  first  to  the  Synod.  This  is  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  facts.  Mr.  Kinloch  had  already,  in  1769, 
returned  to  Scotland,  and  was  now  pastor  of  the  Burgher  con- 
gregation in  Paisley,  where  he  remained  for  many  years. 
Mr.  Telfair  had  also,  in  1768,  returned  to  Scotland  and  re- 
sumed his  charge  at  the  Bridge  of  Teith,  and  actually  offered 
information  in  the  matter  to  the  Anti-Burgher  Synod  in  1770, 
and  they  refused  to  hear  him.  So  Dr.  Clarke  of  Salem  was 
the  only  one  of  the  Burgher  ministers  left,  and  his  connec- 
tion with  the  Presbytery  was  never  disturbed  nor  questioned. 
Dr.  Annan,  who  was  present  in  the  meeting  of  the  Presby- 
tery, makes  this  comment:  "The  two  gentlemen  behaved 
prudently;  they  did  not  insist  on  their  instructions,  and  the 
Presbytery,  without  a  dissenting  voice,  declared  against 
obeying  them.  Mr.  Marshall  joined  freely  in  this  declaration 
with  his  brethren."  This  ended  the  Burgher  controversy  in 
America.  The  Secession  Church  here  has  ever  since  been 
one. 

Mr.  Smith  soon  settled  on  the  Octoraro,  in  Lancaster  Co., 
and  Mr.  Rodgers  at  Big  Spring,  in  Cumberland  Co. ,  and  the 
East  and  West  Conecocheague,  in  Franklin.  In  1772  Mr. 
James  Clarkson  arrived,  and  was  settled  in  Aug.,  1773,  at 
Muddy  Creek,  now  Guinston,  York  Co.  William  Logan  and 
John  Murray  came  in  the  autumn  of  1773;  the  former  set- 
tling at  Fermanagh,  now  Mexico,  in  Juniata  Co.,  and  the 
latter  at  Marsh  Creek,  in  Adams  Co.  Andrew  Patton  came 
from  Ireland  in  1774,  and  after  itinerating  for  several  years 
was  deposed  from  the  ministry  in  1781  for  gross  immorality. 
James  Martin  arrived  from  Ireland  in  1775,  and  within  two 


ASSOCIATE    PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  25 

years  passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Church.  David  Annan, 
brother  of  Dr.  Robert,  was  principally  educated  in  this  coun- 
try-, and  was  ordained  in  1778,  and  settled  at  Peterborough,  in 
Hillsborough  Co.,  New  Hampshire.  This  increase  of  minis- 
ters, and  the  great  inconvenience  of  their  meeting  together  in 
one  place,  led  to  a  division  of  the  Presbytery,  and  John  Ma- 
son, Robert  Annan  and  Thomas  Clarke,  pastors,  and  William 
Logan  and  Andrew  Patton,  unsettled,  were  organized  on  the 
20th  of  May,  1776,  as  the  Presbytery  of  New  York,  co-ordi- 
nate with  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  and  subordinate  to 
the  Anti-Burgher  Synod  of  Scotland. 

In  the  struggle  between  the  Colonies  and  Great  Britain  all 
the  ministers  of  the  Associate  and  of  the  Reformed  Churches 
joined  heartily  with  the  former.  Drs.  Mason  and  Annan 
were  particularly  forward  in  the  exhibition  of  their  patriotism, 
and  they  both  served  for  a  time  as  chaplains  in  the  Continen- 
tal army.  The  idea  very  soon  and  very  naturally  suggested 
itself  to  these  men  that  if  political  independence  of  foreign 
control  would  be  a  good  thing,  ecclesiastical  independence  of 
a  far-off  power  would  not  be  a  bad  thing.  The  question  was 
at  once  started,  and  mainly  urged  by  Dr.  Annan,  whether 
both  branches  of  Scottish  Dissenters  in  this  country  could  not 
be  united  so  as  to  form  one  national  church  organization,  in- 
dependent in  government  of  all  foreign  control — a  free 
Church  in  a  free  State,  To  this  end  overtures  were  made  to 
the  Reformed  brethren,  and  kindly  entertained.  The  first 
conference  anent  this  matter  was  held  on  the  30th  of  Sept., 
1777,  at  the  house  of  Samuel  Patterson,  in  Donegal,  Lancas- 
ter Co.,  Pa.  Messrs.  Cuthbertson,  Smith,  Proudfit  and  Hen- 
derson were  present.  The  next  was  in  March,  1778,  at 
Pequea,  when  most  of  the  brethren  on  both  sides  were  pres- 
ent. Other  conferences  followed  until  the  spring  of  1780, 
when  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  New  York,  at  a  meeting 
held  in  Salem,  N.  Y.,  adopted  certain  terms  which  were  sent 
to  the  other  Presbyteries  for  concurrence.  These  were  made 
the  basis  for  further  negotiation  between  the  two  Presby- 
teries in  Pennsylvania,  and  a  final  basis  of  ten  articles  was 
adopted  by  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Presbytery  at  a  meet- 
ing in  Donegal  on  the  29th  of  Nov.,  1781.     These  same  arti- 


26  HISTORY    OF 

cles  were  adopted  by  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylva- 
nia at  a  meeting  held  at  Peqnea,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  on  the 
13th  of  June,  1782,  and  as  a  result  of  this  triple  adoption  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church  was  organized,  and  its  first  Synod 
met  in  Philadelphia  on  the  1st  of  Nov.,  1782. 

This  basis  of  union  was  not  adopted  unanimously  by  the 
Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  at  its  meeting  in  June, 
1782.  Messrs.  Marshall  and  Clarkson,  ministers,  and  Messrs. 
Robert  Hunter,  James  Thompson  and  Alexander  Moor,  rul- 
ing elders,  protested  against  the  action  of  Presbytery,  and 
appealed  to  the  Associate  Synod  of  Scotland.  This  protest 
was  at  first  admitted  by  the  Presbytery,  but  on  review  of  it, 
as  it  contained  an  appeal,  it  was  refused  admittance,  because 
the  majority  would  no  longer  acknowledge  their  subordina- 
tion to  any  foreign  court.  The  protestors  then  withdrew,  and 
claimed  to  be  the  true  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania, 
on  the  ground  of  their  loyalty  to  the  faith  and  discipline  of 
the  Associate  Church.  Their  appeal  was  heard  by  the  Synod 
in  Scotland,  and  their  conduct  was  approved,  and  new  mis- 
sionaries were  sent  out  to  them  to  aid  in  rebuilding  the  cause. 
John  Anderson  arrived  in  the  summer  of  1783;  Thomas  Bev- 
eridge  in  the  early  summer  of  1784;  David  Goodwillie  and 
Archibald  Whyte  in  May,  1788;  John  Cree  and  David  Somer- 
ville  in  1790;  Robert  Laing  in  1795,  and  John  Banks  in  1796. 
In  1789  Matthew  Henderson  returned  from  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Church,  as  did  John  Smith  in  1795. 

In  the  summer  of  1784,  after  the  arrival  of  Messrs.  Ander- 
son and  Beveridge,  the  Presbytery  considered  it  expedient 
to  prepare  a  Testimony,  suited  to  their  circumstances  in  this 
country,  and  appointed  these  two  brethren  to  attend  to  that 
business.  A  Narrative  and  Testimony  were  prepared,  princi- 
pally by  Mr.  Beveridge,  and  enacted  and  published  during 
the  same  year.  The  subordination  of  the  Presbytery  to  the 
Synod  in  Scotland  was  found  at  once  to  be  inconvenient  and 
disadvantageous,  and  the  Testimony  was  adopted  without  any 
consultation  with  the  Synod.  For  this  independent  action 
some  dissatisfaction  was  expressed  and  an  act  adopted  by  the 
Synod  in  1786,  but  it  claimed  little  more  than  what  might  be 
called  brotherly  oversight  which  one  Church  might  exercise 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  2'] 

over  another.  The  subordination  of  the  Presbytery  to  the 
Synod  in  Scotland  was  never  of  any  practical  importance, 
and  soon  became  a  dead  letter. 

In  1 79 1  the  Presbytery  passed  an  act  respecting  public  cov- 
enanting, which  was  afterwards  incorporated  in  the  Testi- 
mony; and  in  1792  they  engaged  in  the  duty  of  covenanting 
in  connection  with  the  congregation  in  New  York.  In  1796 
they  also  passed  an  act  against  occasional  communion,  which 
ever  afterward  remained  the  law  of  the  Church.  Feeling  that 
the  supply  of  ministers  from  abroad  was  inadequate  to  their 
wants,  the  Presbytery  took  measures  to  encourage  young 
men  to  seek  the  ministry,  and  as  an  aid  thereto,  they  elected, 
on  the  2ist  of  Apr.,  1794,  Dr.  John  Anderson,  of  Service, 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  their  professor  of  theology.  He  continued 
to  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office  as  sole  professor  until 
1819,  when  the  infirmities  of  age  compelled  him  to  resign. 

In  answer  to  an  application  made  by  sundry  individuals  in 
the  State  of  Kentucky  to  the  General  Associate  Synod  of 
Scotland,  Messrs  Andrew  Fulton  and  Robert  Armstrong  were 
sent  out  in  the  autumn  of  1797  and  arrived  at  their  field  of 
labor  in  the  spring  of  1798.  After  surveying  their  ground  in 
Kentucky  and  Tennessee  they  organized  themselves,  accord- 
ing to  synodic  direction,  into  the  Associate  Presbytery  of 
Kentucky,  on  the  28th  of  Nov.,  1798,  coordinate  with  the 
Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  and  subordinate  to  the  Associate 
Synod  of  Edinburgh,  in  Scotland. 

In  consequence  of  the  scattered  condition  of  the  ministers 
of  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  they  could  rarely  meet 
oftener  than  once  a  year,  and  not  all  of  them  even  then,  so 
most  of  the  business  was  transacted  at  what  were  called  in- 
terim meetings,  where  two  or  three  neigboring  ministers  were 
allowed  to  meet  at  their  convenience  and  attend  to  local  bus- 
iness. This  arrangement  did  not  give  complete  satisfaction, 
so  the  Presbytery,  at  its  meeting  in  Philadelphia  on  the  ist 
of  May,  1800,  ''''Resolved^  That  this  Presbytery  will,  if  the 
Lord  permit,  constitute  themselves  into  a  Synod,  or  Court  of 
Review,  known  and  designated  by  the  name  of  the  Associate 
Synod  of  North  America,  at  next  ordinary  meeting,  which  is 
appointed  to  be  held  at  Philadelphia,  3d  Wednesday  of  May, 


28  HISTORY   OF 

1801,  at  II  o'clock;  that  J\Ir.  Marshall  open  the  meeting  with 
a  sermon,  and  then  constitute  the  Synod,  the  rest  of  the  day 
to  be  employed  in  solemn  prayer  and  fasting,  Mr.  J.  Smith  to 
pray  first,  and  then  Mr.  Clarkson,  Mr.  Pringle  to  close."* 
The  Synod  was  to  bear  the  same  relation  to  the  General  As- 
sociate Synod  in  Great  Britain  that  the  Presbytery  had  done. 

The  Synod  met  in  Philadelphia  on  the  20th  of  May,  1801, 
and  was  opened  with  a  sermon  by  Mr.  Marshall,  from  Matt, 
xxviii.  20,  and  constituted  by  him  with  prayer.  On  the  full 
roll  were  the  names  of  Mr.  Marshall,  John  Smith,  James 
Clarkson,  Francis  Pringle,  John  Anderson,  David  Goodwillie, 
Archibald  Whyte,  John  Cree,  Robert  Laing,  Andrew  Fulton, 
Robert  Armstrong,  John  Banks,  Thomas  Smith,  Ebenezer 
Henderson,  Daniel  IMcLean,  William  Wilson,  James  Duncan 
and  William  Hume.  Of  these  eighteen,  only  Messrs.  Mar- 
shall, Smith,  Clarkson,  Pringle,  Anderson,  Armstrong,  Hen- 
derson and  T.  Smith,  were  present.  John  Smith  was  elected 
moderator  and  Francis  Pringle  stated  clerk.  The  Synod  was 
divided  into  the  four  Presbyteries  of  Cambridge,  Philadel- 
phia, Chartiers  and  Kentucky.  This  Synod  enacted  "That 
none  be  licensed  to  preach  the  gospel,  or  ordained  to  the 
office  of  the  holy  ministry  among  us,  but  such  as  have  sworn 
the  covenant  engagements  entered  into  in  the  Secession 
Church,  or  declare  their  readiness  to  do  so  when  opportunity 
offers,  and  subscribe  said  declaration."  This  remained  the 
law  of  the  church  for  many  years,  and  was  never  repealed, 
although  it  finally  became  inoperative  through  neglect. 
Ministers  continued  to  arrive  from  Scotland  and  Ireland,  and 
others  were  educated  at  the  seminary  at  Service,  and  the 
church  grew  slowly  but  steadih',  and  new  Presbyteries  were 
erected  from  time  to  time  as  needed.  The  territorial  extent 
of  the  church  became  so  great  that  the  question  of  dividing 
into  sub-synods  with  a  delegated  general  Synod  was  twice 
submitted  to  the  church  in  overture,  and  both  times  rejected. 

Messrs.  Fulton  and  Armstrong  had  not  been  two  years  in 
Kentucky  until  they  felt  painfully  the  evil  of  slaveholding, 
and  applied  to  the  Synod  to  issue  a  warning  in  reference  to  it. 
Messrs.  Smith  and  Anderson  were  appointed  to  comply  with 

*  The  Presbytery-  of  Kentucky  agreed  to  cooperate  in  this  movement. 


ASvSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  29 

this  request.  They  pronounced  slaveholding  a  moral  evil, 
and  urged  the  necessity  of  fully  instructing  the  people  in 
reference  to  its  nature.  This  the  brethren  in  Kentucky  tried 
faithfully  to  do,  but  with  very  little  apparent  success;  so  in 
1804,  ]\Ir.  Fulton  took  the  major  part  of  his  congregation  and 
passed  over  to  Indiana,  and  Mr.  Armstrong  took  his  to  Ohio. 
This  solved  the  question  pretty  thoroughly  as  far  as  Ken- 
tucky was  concerned,  but  some  congregations  had  recently 
started  up  further  south,  and  the  Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas 
was  organized  in  1803.  The  difficulty  continued,  but  the 
location  was  changed.  There  were  Associate  congregations 
in  the  States  of  Tennessee,  Virginia,  North  and  South  Caro- 
lina, and  they  w^ere  involving  themselves  with  slavery. 
Some  people  in  Greene  Co. ,  O. ,  who  had  removed  from  Ken- 
tucky, petitioned  the  Synod  in  1808  to  exclude  slaveholders 
from  the  communion  of  the  church.  This  led  to  the  adop- 
tion of  an  act  in  18 11,  declaring  it  to  be  a  moral  evil  to  hold 
negroes  in  bondage,  directing  members  of  the  church  to  set 
them  at  liberty,  or  if  this  could  not  be  done  according  to  the 
laws  of  the  State,  to  treat  them  as  if  free  in  respect  to  food, 
clothing,  instruction  and  wages.  It  was  also  enacted  that 
those  who  refused  to  comply  with  these  directions  were  un- 
worthy of  the  fellowship  of  the  church.  The  provisions  of 
this  act  were  not  complied  with,  and  the  subject  kept  troub- 
ling Synod  from  time  to  time  until  1831,  when  a  more  string- 
ent act  was  passed,  by  which  all  slaveholders  were  forthwith 
excluded  from  communion.  This  action  was  regarded  by  a 
very  respectable  minority  of  Synod  as  harsh  and  severe,  and 
practically  accomplished  nothing.  In  1840  a  letter  was  ad- 
dressed to  the  congregations  in  the  South,  in  which  allow- 
ance was  made  for  those  who  could  not  emancipate  their 
slaves,  provided  they  would  agree  to  what  was  called  moral 
emancipatio7i.  The  Rev.  Thomas  S.  Kendall  was  sent  as  a 
commissioner  from  Synod  to  read  this  letter  to  the  congrega- 
tions, but  instead  of  conciliating  the  feelings  of  those  holding 
slaves,  a  riot  w^as  excited  in  a  congregation  in  South  Carolina, 
and  while  he  was  engaged  in  the  public  worship  they  seized 
him,  and  by  an  act  of  lynch  law  expelled  him  from  the  State. 
This  brought  on  a  crisis,  and  the  Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas 


30  HISTORY   OF 

declared  itself  independent  of  the  Synod,  and  the  church  was 
completely  and  permanently  purged  of  the  sin  of  slavery. 

The  Synod  did  not  have  fixed  and  definite  rules  of  disci- 
pline, but  followed  custom  and  tradition  until  1817,  when  the 
first  Book  of  Discipline  was  adopted.  It  contained  an  aaticle 
on  censurable  offences,  among  which  were  enumerated  pro- 
faning the  Sabbath,  the  use  of  spirituous  liquors,  profan- 
ing the  name  of  God  in  common  conversation,  the  abuse 
of  lots,  the  use  of  charms,  the  diversions  of  the  stage,  and 
promiscuous  dancing.  This  book  was  superseded  by  another 
in  1843. 

In  1820  the  two  branches  of  the  Secession  in  Scotland 
united  and  formed  the  United  Secession  Church.  Against 
this  union  Professor  Paxton  and  eight  other  ministers  of  the 
Anti- Burghers  protested,  and  refused  to  enter.  When  the 
General  Associate  S^mod  (Anti-Burgher)  adopted  a  new  Tes- 
timony in  1806,  Dr.  McCree  and  three  or  four  others  left  the 
church  and  constituted  themselves  as  the  Constitutional 
Presbytery.  In  1827  Professor  Paxton' s  party  united  with 
this  Presbytery  and  formed  the  Synod  of  Original  Seceders. 
The  Synod  in  this  country  was  very  much  excited  over  the 
union  of  1820,  and  debated  the  matter  until  1826,  when  by 
the  casting  vote  of  the  moderator,  Dr.  Ramsay,  they  con- 
demned the  "said  union  as  a  defection  from  a  covenanted 
reformation,"  and  at  the  next  meeting  resolved  to  continue 
in  union  with  the  Protestors,  and  in  1832,  with  the  Synod 
of  Original  Seceders.  Peace  and  quiet,  however,  were  not 
obtained  until  an  explanatory  act  was  adopted  in  1835.  The 
Original  Seceders  united  with  the  Free  Church  of  Scotland 
in  1852,  which  placed  the  Synod  in  this  country  out  of  union 
with  any  Scottish  organization. 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West  in  1820,  one 
year  after  its  organization  as  an  independent  Synod,  applied 
to  the  Associate  Synod  for  a  conference  on  the  subject  of  a 
union  between  the  two  Synods.  This  offer  was  accepted, 
and  James  Ramsay,  William  Wilson  and  Robert  Bruce  were 
appointed  as  its  representatives.  A  conference  was  held  and 
Matthew  Henderson,  John  Riddell  and  Joseph  Kerr,  on  be- 
half of  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod,  offered  the  following 
six  articles  for  a  basis : 


ASSOCIATE    PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  31 

1.  We  believe  that  the  Scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments  are  the 
word  of  God,  and  the  perfect  and  only  rule  of  Christian  faith  and  practice. 

2.  We  shall  retain  the  Westminster  Confession  of  Faith,  Catechisms, 
larger  and  shorter,  and  Form  of  Presbyterian  Church  Government,  as  re- 
ceived by  both  churches. 

3.  We  shall  exhibit  an  illustration  and  defense  of  the  doctrines  of  the 
Confession  of  Faith,  in  which  we  shall  expose  and  testify  against  error  gen- 
erally, but  more  particularly  the  errors  of  the  present  day. 

4.  We  assert  that  public  religious  vowing  or  covenanting  is  a  moral  duty, 
to  be  practiced  when  the  circumstances  of  Providence  require  it.  But  as  the 
duty,  from  its  nature,  is  occasional,  not  stated,  and  there  is  and  may  be  a 
diversity  of  sentiment  respecting  the  reasonableness  of  it,  we  agree  that 
while  no  obstruction  is  thrown  in  the  way,  every  Scriptural  facility  should 
be  afforded  those  who  have  clearness  to  proceed  in  it,  while  its  observance 
shall  not  be  required  of  any,  in  order  to  church  communion. 

5.  We  agree  that  the  united  church  shall  prepare  a  formula. 

6.  We  propose  that  the  united  Synod  be  called  "  The  Associate  Synod  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church." 

To  tlie  first,  fifth  and  sixth  articles  the  commissioners  and 
the  Associate  Synod  assented,  but  a  more  explicit  declaration 
was  asked  on  the  second,  third  and  fourth  articles,  and 
Messrs.  Allison,  Murray  and  Bruce  were  appointed  as  the 
new  conferees.  Dr.  Bruce  only  attended.  Some  explana- 
tions were  made  to  the  Synod  of  1822,  and  then  the  whole 
matter  fell  through.  The  perpetual  obligation  of  the 
National  Covenant  of  Scotland,  and  the  League  of  the  three 
kingdoms,  seemed  to  present  the  greatest  difficulty  in  the 
way.  But  the  true  difficulty  arose  from  the  fact  that  the 
Synods  were  a  little  shy  of  each  other,  and  while  they  felt 
the  duty  of  union,  they  did  not  have  that  full  and  generous 
confidence  in  each  other  which  was  necessary  for  a  hearty 
union. 

The  question  having  been  raised  in  different  parts  of  the 
church  as  to  the  right  of  members  to  present  adopted  children 
for  baptism,  it  was  debated  in  the  Synod  for  several  years, 
and  finally  decided  in  1829  against  this  supposed  right,  upon 
the  ground  that  the  "natural  relation  of  parentage  alone  war- 
rants the  presentation  of  a  child  for  baptism."  This  decision 
was  not  satisfactory  to  a  respectable  minority,  and  the  matter 
was  still  agitated  until  1851,  when  the  above  action  was  re- 
scinded, and  Sessions  were  left  to  act  according  to  their  own 
conscientious  convictions  in  every  individual  case. 


32  HISTORY   OF 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Synod  in  Pittsburgh,  May  27,  1829, 
according  to  previous  arrangements,  the  members  engaged  in 
public  solemn  covenanting.  Dr.  Heron  preached  from 
Psalms  Ixxvi.  2;  the  bond  was  signed  by  twenty-nine  minis- 
ters, fifteen  elders,  five  probationers  and  two  students  of  the- 
ology. As  few  of  the  eastern  brethren  were  present,  it  was 
resolved  that  an  opportunity  should  be  afforded  to  them  to 
engage  in  this  duty  at  the  next  meeting,  which  was  appointed 
in  Philadelphia.  Upon  this  occasion  Dr.  Martin  preached 
from  Neh.  ix.  38,  and  the  bond  was  signed  by  ten  ministers, 
ten  elders,  three  probationers,  three  students  of  theology,  and 
some  members  of  the  congregation.  Some  ministers,  and 
others  who  had  covenanted  before,  signified  their  concurrence. 
A  great  design  of  the  Synod  in  thus  doing  was  to  encourage 
their  congregations  to  follow  their  example.  How  far  this 
design  was  successful  there  is  no  means  of  ascertaining,  but 
it  is  believed  that  at  different  times  this  ordinance  has  been 
observed  in  the  greater  number  of  the  oldest  and  largest  con- 
gregations of  the  Synod. 

At  this  point  of  time  a  trouble  sprung  up  which  resulted  in 
a  temporary  schism.  A  minute  history  of  its  causes  and  suc- 
cessive steps  is  not  necessary  in  this  connection.  The  con- 
troversy involved  some  important  principles  of  church  gov- 
ernment, and  of  submission  to  lawful  authority,  even  if  not 
lovingly  administered.  But  no  doctrine  of  grace  or  distinct- 
ive principle  of  the  church  was  ever  brought  into  question. 
It  is  also  a  pleasure  for  the  historian  to  be  able  to  state  that 
all  the  prominent  actors  on  both  sides  were  good  men,  and 
that  the  Holy  Ghost  set  the  seal  of  His  approval  most  un- 
equivocally upon  the  general  work  of  their  lives.  The  treas- 
ure, however,  was  in  earthen  vessels,  and  like  Moses,  and 
David,  and  Peter,  these  men  had  their  infirmities  and  weak- 
nesses, but  "he  that  is  without  sin  among  you,  let  him  first 
cast  a  stone. ' ' 

After  the  death  of  Dr.  Banks,  and  before  the  Eastern  and 
Western  Seminaries  were  fully  consolidated.  Dr.  Alex.  Bul- 
lions was  authorized  by  the  Presbytery  of  Cambridge  to  in- 
struct their  students  in  theology.  About  1829  a  personal 
difficulty  occurred  between  him  and  Mr.  David  Gordon,  one 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  33 

of  the  students.  This  assumed  different  phases,  and  passed 
to  the  Presbytery,  where  Dr.  Bullions  was,  on  the  2d  of  Sept. , 
1834,  suspended  from  the  exercise  of  the  ministry  and  from 
the  communion  of  the  church.  Synod  confirmed  this  action 
at  its  meeting  in  October,  but  limited  the  time  to  two  months. 
In  December  he  was  rebuked  and  restored,  and  the  Presbytery 
passed  "an  act  of  oblivion  in  regard  to  all  past  expressions 
marked  or  complained  of  against  members  of  Presbytery  till 
this  time."  Soon  after  this  three  pamphlets  appeared,  in 
which  the  Bullions  trial  was  reviewed  with  great  severity. 
These  were  traced  to  Andrew  Stark,  of  New  York,  and  in  the 
spring  of  1835  were  very  sharply  answered  anonymously  by 
Chauncey  Webster,  of  Albany,  then  a  student  of  theology. 
Libels  were  preferred  against  both  of  these  brethren  by  the 
Presbytery  of  Albany,  and  Dr.  Stark's  case  was  referred  sim- 
pliciter  to  Synod,  where,  on  the  first  of  June,  1836,  he  was 
suspended  from  the  ministry.  Dr.  Alex.  Bullions  came  to  the 
relief  of  his  friend,  and  said  some  severe  things  in  reference 
to  four  of  his  fellow  presbyters,  for  which  he  was  suspended 
a  second  time,  on  the  5th  of  October,  and  ultimately  deposed. 
Others  became  involved  in  the  quarrel,  and  acts  of  discipline 
were  freely  administered,  to  which  no  attention  was  paid.  A 
majority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Albany  sympathized  with  Dr. 
Stark,  and  were  disowned  by  Synod  as  a  Presbytery.  A 
minority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Cambridge  was  cast  out,  and 
the  Presbytery  of  Vermont  formally  restored  Dr.  Bullions  to 
the  ministry,  for  which  it  was  abolished  by  the  Synod,  and 
here  ended  all  synodic  action.  The  disowned  Presbytery  of 
Albany,  and  the  minority  Presbytery  of  Cambridge,  and  the 
suspended  Presbytery  of  Vermont,  met  on  the  15th  of  June, 
1841,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  and  organized  themselves  into  a 
Synod,  which  they  designated  as  the  Associate  Synod  of 
North  America.  The  schism  was  now  complete,  and  the  new 
Synod  gave  itself  to  its  legitimate  work  and  prospered. 
Time  mollified  feelings,  and  in  1852  overtures  for  union  were 
made,  and  on  the  31st  of  May,  1854,  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  a  cor- 
dial and  happy  consolidation  of  the  two  Synods  was  accom- 
plished. The  junior  Synod  consisted  at  this  time  of  four 
Presbyteries,  fifteen  ministers,  nineteen  congregations,  eight 
3 


34  HISTORY   OF 

hundred   and    ten    families,    and    t\A'enty-two   hundred    and 
eighty  members. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Andrew  Heron,  while  pastor  at  Caesar's 
Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  allowed  the  Rev.  H.  H.  Blair,  then 
under  censure  from  the  Synod,  to  hold  on  a  week  day  a  ser- 
vice in  his  church,  and  he  attended  the  service.  The  Pres- 
bytery of  Miami  regarded  this  as  giving  countenance  and 
moral  support  to  the  "Exscinded  Brethren"  in  their  "divisive 
and  contumacious  course,"  and  as  he  refused  to  acknowledge 
any  error  in  his  conduct,  he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry 
for  "insubordination."  His  neighbor,  the  Rev.  George  M. 
Hall,  sympathized  with  him,  and  as  the  greater  part  of  their 
congregations  adhered  to  them,  in  1843  ^^^V  organized  them- 
selves into  the  "Free  Associate  Presbytery  of  Miami."  Dur- 
ing the  next  year  Mr.  Hall  returned  to  the  Synod,  and  this 
dissolved  their  Presbytery,  and  Dr.  Heron  united  with  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church. 

In  1799  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  adopted  its  "Con- 
stitution and  Standards,"  in  which  it  modified  the  doctrine 
of  the  Westminster  Confession  of  Faith  "concerning  the 
power  of  the  Civil  Magistrate  in  matters  of  religion." 
Against  this  modification  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Alexander  McCoy 
and  Robert  Warwick  protested,  and  on  the  27th  of  Jan.,  1801, 
in  the  town  of  Washington,  Pa.,  organized  themselves  into 
an  independent  Presbytery,  which  they  called  Tke  Reformed 
Dissenting  Presbytery.  This  Presbytery,  which  rarely  con 
sisted  of  more  than  three  or  four  ministers,  united  in  1851 
with  the  Associate  Synod. 

In  1843  ^^  Rev.  Joseph  Shaw  was  received  from  the  Re- 
formed Dissenting  Presbytery,  when  his  ordination  was  called 
in  question,  inasmuch  as  only  one  ministerial  member  of  the 
Presbyter^'  officiated  at  the  ordination.  After  a  protracted 
discussion  in  Synod  it  was  decided  by  a  vote  of  forty-nine 
against  twenty-two  that  said  ordination,  though  irregular  in 
its  form,  was  valid  as  to  its  substance. 

In  1840  the  Synod  passed  an  act  respecting  the  traffic  in 
ardent  spirits,  "advising  that  no  member  of  the  church  retail 
them  for  ordinary  use;  and  that  Sessions  deal  with  such  mem- 
bers of  the  church  as  may  be  engaged  in  such  traffic,  in  order 


ASSOCIATE   PRESBYTERIAN    CHURCH.  35 

to  induce  them  to  desist;  and  that  all  members  of  the  church 
refuse  any  encouragement  to  those  who  follow  such  an  em- 
ployment. ' ' 

In  1843  farther  action  was  taken  on  this  subject,  and  it 
was  unanimously  resolved  "That  church  sessions  be  directed 
to  deal  with  such  members  of  the  church  as  are  found  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  or  vending  of  ardent  spirits  under  such 
circumstances  as  are  calculated  to  bring  a  reproach  upon  their 
profession,  and  thus  constitute  an  offense  in  the  Scriptural 
sense  of  the  term,  and  that  such  persons  be  required  to  aban- 
don it."  At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Synod,  before  the  con- 
summation of  the  union,  it  also  resolved  "That  in  the  judg- 
ment of  this  Synod  the  manufacturing  or  vending  of  intoxi- 
cating liquors,  for  the  purpose  of  being  used  as  a  common 
beverage,  is  a  censurable  offense." 

The  Associate  Synod  of  Scotland,  at  an  early  period,  con- 
demned the  Masonic  oath  as  sinful,  both  as  to  its  matter  and 
form,  and  warned  all  its  members  against  any  connection  with 
Masonic  lodges.  Since  that  all  Free  Masons  have  been  ex- 
cluded from  the  communion  of  the  Associate  Church.  At 
the  time  of  the  Morgan  abduction  the  Synod  in  this  country 
repeated  the  warning  against  Masonry,  and  in  1846  it  was 
declared  "that  we  regard  connection  with  the  Order  of  Odd 
Fellows  in  the  same  light  as  with  Free  JNIasons,  and  equally 
deserving  the  censures  of  the  church. ' '  A  warning  was  also 
issued  at  this  time  against  connection  with  the  Order  of  the 
Sons  of  Temperance,  because  of  their  vain  parades  at  funerals 
and  processions,  their  secresy,  the  danger  of  such  societies  to 
the  community,  and  the  countenance  which  they  give  to 
other  societies  of  a  worse  character. 

In  1842  the  Synod  resolved  to  enter  upon  the  foreign  mis- 
sionar}^'  work,  and  the  Rev.  Joseph  Banks  was  sent  out  to  se- 
lect a  suitable  field  in  South  America,  The  island  of  Trini- 
dad was  fixed  upon,  and  during  the  following  year  he  and  the 
Rev.  David  Gordon  and  wife  and  Miss  Beveridge  commenced 
missionary  labors  there.  Mr.  Gordon  soon  died,  and  Mr.  Banks 
was  compelled  on  account  of  ill  health  to  return.  Others 
were  sent  out,  but  the  enterprise  did  not  prove  a  success,  and 
the  mission  was  finally  passed  over  to  the  Free  Church  of 


36  HISTORY   OF 

Scotland.  Thwarted  here,  the  Synod  turned  elsewhere,  and  in 
1854  the  Rev.  Andrew  Gordon  and  wife  and  sister  were  sent 
out  to  India.  They  selected  Sialkot,  in  North  India,  as 
their  field;  others  followed,  and  this  mission  has  been  pros- 
pered, and  is  in  a  flourishing  condition  at  the  present  time. 

Secession  churches  are  under  a  kind  of  constitutional  ne- 
cessity of  being  witnessing  and  testimony-bearing  churches, 
so  as  to  exhibit  and  illustrate  the  ground  of  their  independent 
existence.  The  Associate  Synod  was  always  true  to  its  eccle- 
siastical parentage,  and  freely  testified  upon  different  occasions 
against  prevailing  evils  as  they  exhibited  themselves  in 
church,  state  or  society,  and  upon  all  living  issues  clearly  de- 
fined its  position. 

The  necessity  for  an  improved  version  of  the  Psalms  was 
long  felt  in  the  Associate  Church,  and  very  considerable  time 
and  labor  had  been  bestowed  by  Dr.  Beveridge  and  others 
upon  an  effort  in  that  direction,  when  the  consummation  of 
the  union  in  1858  caused  this  work  to  pass  to  the  United  Pres- 
byterian Church,  where  in  due  time  it  was  satisfactorily  ac- 
complished. 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synods  of  New  York  and  the  West 
and  the  General  Reformed  Presbyterian  Synod  (N.  S.)  began 
in  1838  to  hold  conventions,  to  prepare  the  way  if  possible  for 
an  organic  union.  After  two  or  three  annual  meetings  had 
taken  place,  an  invitation  was  given  to  the  Associate  Synod 
to  participate  in  these  "Conventions  of  the  Reformed 
Churches,"  which  was  accepted,  and  delegates  were  sent  in 
1842.  These  conventions  continued  five  or  six  years,  and 
then  gave  place  to  overtures  or  communications  directly  from 
one  body  to  the  other.  A  basis  of  union  was  finally  sub- 
mitted in  1856  by  the  Associate  Synod,  which  was  accepted 
in  1857  by  the  General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church,  and  the  long  sought  union  was  consummated  on  the 
26th  of  May,  1858.  The  Synod  consisted  at  this  time  of  21 
Presbyteries,  198  ministers,  33  licentiates,  293  congregations, 
16,621  families,  and  23,505  members.  A  residuary  of  11  min- 
isters, 32  congregations  (generally  very  small),  and  778  mem- 
bers declined  going  into  the  union,  and  continued  their 
organization  as  the  Associate  Synod. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  37 


The  Associate  Reformed  Church. 


As  already  stated,  conferences  upon  the  subject  of  an  or- 
ganic union  between  the  Reformed  and  the  Associate 
Presbyteries  of  America  began  in  1777,  and  continued  for 
several  years.  A  basis  for  such  a  union  was  unanimously 
adopted  by  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  New  York  in  the 
spring  of  1780,  at  Salem,  N.  Y.,  and  offered  to  the  other 
Presbyteries.  About  the  ist  of  Dec,  1781,  this  basis,  with 
some  modifications,  was  unanimously  adopted  by  the  Re- 
formed Presbyterian  Presbytery  at  a  meeting  in  Donegal, 
Lancaster  Co. ,  Pa.  At  a  meeting  of  the  Associate  Presbytery 
of  Pennsylvania,  at  Pequea,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  June  13,  1782, 
this  basis  was  also  adopted  by  a  majority,  when  two  ministers 
and  three  elders  protested  and  refused  to  be  bound  by  the  act. 
The  terms  were  the  following : 

1.  That  Jesus  Christ  died  for  the  elect. 

2.  That  there  is  an  appropriatiou  in  the  nature  of  faith. 

3.  That  the  Gospel  is  addressed  indiscriminately  to  sinners  of  mankind. 

4.  That  the  righteousness  of  Christ  is  the  alone  condition  of  the  covenant 
of  grace. 

5.  That  civil  government  originates  with  God,  the  Creator,  and  not  with 
Christ,  the  Mediator. 

6.  That  the  administration  of  the  Kingdom  of  Providence  is  given  into 
the  hands  of  Jesus  Christ,  the  Mediator ;  and  magistracy,  the  ordinance  ap- 
pointed by  the  Moral  Governor  of  the  world,  to  be  the  prop  of  civil  order 
among  men  as  well  as  other  things,  is  rendered  subservient  by  the  Mediator 
to  the  welfare  of  his  spiritual  kingdom,  the  Church,  and  has  the  sanctified 
use  of  it  and  of  every  common  benefit,  through  the  grace  of  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ. 

7.  That  the  law  of  nature,  and  the  moral  law  revealed  in  the  Scriptures, 
are  substantially  the  same,  although  the  latter  expresses  the  will  of  God 
more  evidently  and  clearly  than  the  former;  and,  therefore,  magistrates 
among  Christians  ought  to  be  regulated  by  the  general  directory  of  the  Word 
as  to  the  execution  of  their  office. 

8.  That  the  qualifications  of  justice,  veracity,  etc.,  required  in  the  law  of 


38  HISTORY   OF 

nature  for  the  being  of  a  magistrate,  are  also  more  explicitly  revealed  as 
necessary  in  the  Holy  Scriptures.  But  a  religious  test,  any  further  than  an 
oath  of  fidelity,  can  never  be  essentially  necessary  for  the  being  of  a  magis- 
trate, except  where  the  people  make  it  a  condition  of  government. 

9.  That  both  parties,  when  united,  shall  adhere  to  the  Westminster  Con- 
fession of  Faith,  the  Catechisms,  the  Directory  for  Worship,  and  proposi- 
tions concerning  church  government. 

ID.  That  they  shall  claim  the  full  exercise  of  church  discipline,  without 
dependence  upon  foreign  judicatories. 

The  three  Presbyteries  met  in  convention  in  the  house  of 
Mr.  William  Richards,  in  Philadelphia,  on  Wednesday,  the 
30th  of  Oct.,  1782,  and  adopted  eight  articles  for  the  guid- 
ance of  the  Synod,  which  they  designed  organizing. 

On  Friday,  the  ist  of  November,  1782,  the  Synod  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church  was  formally  organized,  and  the 
Rev.  Dr.  John  Mason,  of  New  York,  was  elected  as  its  first 
moderator.  Nine  ministers  and  six  ruling  elders  were 
present,  viz.:  Associate  Presbytery  of  New  York:  Dr.  John 
Mason,  Robert  Annan,  ministers,  Wm.  McKinney,  ruling 
elder;  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pe7uisylvania:  James  Proudfit, 
John  Rodgers,  John  Smith,  Wm.  Logan,  ministers,  Joseph 
Miller,  Robert  Douglass,  ruling  elders;  Reformed  Presbytery  : 
John  Cuthbertson,  Matthew  Lind,  Alex  Dobbin,  ministers, 
James  Bell,  John  Cochran,  Dr.  Robert  Patterson,  ruling 
elders.     The  Presbyteries  were  re-arranged  as  follows: 

The  First  Presbytery  to  consist  of  Messrs.  David  Telfair, 
John  Cuthbertson,  James  Proudfit  and  John  Smith,  and  the 
churches  in  East  Pennsylvania. 

The  Second  Presbytery  of  Messrs.  Matthew  Henderson, 
Matthew  Lind,  John  Rodgers,  Alexander  Dobbin,  William 
Logan,  and  John  Murray,  and  the  churches  in  West  Pennsyl- 
vania, making  the  Susquehanna  river  the  dividing  line. 

The  Third  Presbytery  of  Dr.  John  Mason,  Robert  Annan, 
Thomas  Clarke  and  David  Annan,  and  the  churches  in  New 
York  and  the  Eastern  States. 

The  most  important  business  in  which  the  Synod  engaged 
was  the  consideration  of  the  eight  articles  agreed  upon  by  the 
Convention  which  preceded  the  Synod.  These  were  dis- 
cussed seriatim^  "and  after  serious  deliberation  and  solemn 
prayer"  were  unanimously  adopted  "as  proper  to  display  the 
principles  upon  which  we  intend  to  act."  They  were  as 
follows : 


ASSOCIATE    REFORMED   CHURCH.  39 

I.  It  is  the  resolution  of  this  Synod  to  persevere  in  adhering  to  the  system 
of  truth  contained  in  the  Holy  Scriptures,  exhibited  in  the  Confession  of 
Faith,  Catechisms,  larger  and  shorter,  and  to  the  fundamental  principles  of 
gospel  worship,  and  ecclesiastical  government  agreed  upon  by  the  Assembly 
of  Divines  at  Westminster,  with  the  assistance  of  commissioners  from  the 
church  of  Scotland.  This  declaration,  however,  does  not  extend  to  the  fol- 
lowing sections  of  the  Confession  of  Faith,  which  define  the  power  of  civil 
government  in  relation  to  religion:  Chap.  XX.,  sec.  4,  Chap.  XXIII.,  sec.  3, 
Chap.  XXXI.,  sec.  2.  These  sections  are  reserved  for  a  candid  discussion  on 
some  future  occasion  as  God  shall  be  pleased  to  direct.  Nor  is  it  to  be  con- 
strued as  a  resignation  of  our  rights  to  adjust  the  circumstances  of  public 
worship  and  ecclesiastical  policy  to  the  station  in  which  Divine  Providence 
may  place  us.  All  the  members  of  the  Synod  acknowledge  in  the  mean- 
while that  they  are  under  the  most  sacred  obligations  to  avoid  unnecessary 
criticism  upon  any  of  these  excellent  treatises,  which  would  have  a  native 
tendency  to  weaken  their  attachment  to  the  truths  therein  contained.  If 
any  of  the  members  of  the  Synod  shall  conceive  any  scruples  at  any  article 
or  articles  of  the  Confession  of  Faith,  Catechisms,  Directory  of  Worship,  or 
Form  of  Presbyterian  Church  Government,  or  shall  think  they  have  suffici- 
ent reason  to  make  objections  thereto,  they  shall  have  full  liberty  to  com- 
municate their  scruples  or  objections  to  their  brethren,  who  shall  consider 
them  with  impartiality,  meekness  and  patience,  and  endeavor  to  remove 
them  by  calm,  dispassionate  reasoning.  No  kind  of  censure  shall  be  inflicted 
in  cases  of  this  nature,  unless  those  scrupling  and  objecting  brethren  shall 
disturb  the  peace  of  the  church  by  publishing  their  opinions  to  the  people, 
or  by  urging  them  in  judicatories  with  irritating  and  schismatic  zeal. 

II.  The  ministers  and  elders  in  Synod  assembled  also  declare  their  hearty 
approbation  of  the  earnest  contendings  for  the  faith  and  magnanimous  suf- 
ferings in  its  defence  by  which  our  pious  ancestors  were  enabled  to  distin- 
guish themselves  in  the  last  two  centuries;  that  they  have  an  affectionate 
remembrance  of  the  National  Covenant  of  Scotland,  and  of  the  Solemn 
League  and  Covenant  of  Scotland,  England  and  Ireland,  as  well-intended 
engagements  to  support  the  cause  of  civil  and  religious  liberty,  and  hold 
themselves  bound  by  divine  authority  to  practice  all  the  moral  duties  therein 
contained  according  to  their  circumstances.  That  public  and  explicit  cove- 
nanting with  God  is  a  moral  duty  under  the  Go.spel  dispensation,  to  which 
they  are  resolved  to  attend  as  He  shall  be  pleased  to  direct.  That  it  is  their 
real  intention  to  carry  with  them  all  the  judicial  testimonies  against  defec- 
tions from  the  faith  once  delivered  to  the  saints  which  have  been  emitted  in 
the  present  age  by  their  brethren  in  Scotland,  as  far  as  these  testimonies 
serve  to  display  the  truth,  and  comport  with  the  circumstances  of  our 
church,  and  that  they  will  avail  themselves  of  every  call  to  bear  appointed 
testimony  against  the  errors  and  delusions  which  prevail  in  this  country. 

III.  The  members  of  Synod  also  acknowledge  with  gratitude  that  they  are 
bound  to  honor  the  religious  denominations  in  Britain  to  which  they  be- 
longed, on  account  of  their  zeal  for  the  purity  of  the  Gospel,  and  of  those 
laudable  efforts  to  promote  it,  not  only  in  Britain  and  Ireland,  but  also  in 
America,  and  they  profess  an  unfeigned  desire  to  hold  an  amicable  corres- 
pondence with  all  or  any  of  them,  and  to  concur  with  them  in  every  just  and 
eligible  measure  for  promoting  true  and  undefiled  religion. 


40  HISTORY   OF 

IV.  It  is  also  the  resolution  of  this  Synod  never  to  introduce,  nor  suffer 
to  be  introduced  in  their  church,  the  local  controversy  about  the  civil  estab- 
lishment of  the  Presbyterian  religion,  and  the  religious  clause  of  some 
Burgess  oaths  in  Scotland,  or  any  unnecessary  disputes  about  the  origin  of 
civil  dominion,  and  the  requisites  for  rendering  it  legal  in  circumstances  dis- 
similar to  those  in  which  themselves  are  placed.  They  esteem  themselves 
bound  to  detach  their  religious  profession  from  all  foreign  connections,  and 
to  honor  the  civil  powers  of  America,  conscientiously  submitting  to  them  in 
all  their  lawful  operations. 

V.  That  the  abuse  of  ecclesiastical  censures  may  be  effectually  prevented, 
the  following  General  Rule  of  Discipline  is  ttnanitnously  adopted,  namely: 
That  notorious  violations  of  the  law  of  God,  and  such  errors  in  doctrine  as 
unhinge  the  Christian  profession,  shall  be  the  only  scandals  for  which  depo- 
sition and  excommunication  shall  be  passed,  and  that  the  highest  censures 
of  other  offenders  shall  be  a  dissolution  of  the  connection  between  the  Synod 
and  the  offender. 

VI.  The  terms  of  admission  to  fixed  communion  with  the  Synod  shall  be 
soundness  in  faith,  as  defined  in  the  above  mentioned  Confession  and  Cate- 
chisms, submission  to  the  government  and  discipline  of  the  church  and  a 
holy  conversation. 

VII.  The  members  of  Synod  also  acknowledge  it  to  be  their  duty  to  treat 
pious  persons  of  other  denominations  with  great  affection  and  tenderness. 
They  are  willing,  as  God  afFordeth  opportunity,  to  extend  communion  to  all 
who  in  every  place  call  on  the  name  of  the  Lord  Jesus  in  conformity  to  His 
will.  But  as  occasional  communion  in  a  divided  state  of  the  church  may 
produce  great  disorders,  if  it  be  not  conducted  with  much  wisdom  and  mod- 
eration, they  esteem  themselves,  and  the  people  under  their  inspection,  in- 
violably bound  in  all  ordinary  cases  to  submit  to  every  restriction  of  their 
liberty,  which  general  edification  renders  necessary.  This  article,  however, 
is  not  to  be  construed  as  a  license  to  encourage  vagrant  preachers  who  go 
about  under  pretence  of  extraordinary  zeal  and  devotion,  and  are  not  subject 
to  the  government  and  discipline  of  any  regular  church. 

VIII.  As  the  principles  of  the  Synod  are  detached  from  the  local  peculi- 
arities by  which  the  most  considerable  parts  of  Presbyterians  have  been 
hitherto  distinguished,  it  is  further  agreed  to  reject  all  such  applications  for 
admission  to  fixed  communion  with  the  Synod  that  may  at  any  time  be 
made  by  persons  belonging  to  other  denominations  of  Presbyterians,  as 
evidently  arise  from  caprice,  personal  prejudice,  or  any  other  schismatical 
principles,  and  that  the  only  admissible  application  shall  be  such  as  shall, 
upon  deliberate  examination,  be  found  to  arise  from  a  solid  conviction  of 
duty,  and  to  discover  Christian  meekness  towards  the  party  whose  commu- 
nion is  relinquished,  or  such  as  are  made  by  considerable  bodies  of  people 
who  are  not  only  destitute  of  a  fixed  gospel  ministry,  but  cannot  be  reason- 
ably provided  for  bj'  the  denomination  of  Presbyterians  to  which  they  belong. 
It  is,  however,  thought  proper  that  applications  of  the  last  kind  shall  not  be 
admitted  till  the  bodies  by  whom  they  are  admitted  shall  previously  inform 
the  judicatories  which  have  the  immediate  inspection  of  them  of  the  reasons 
of  their  intended  application,  and  shall  use  all  due  means  to  obtain  the  con- 
currence of  that  judicatory. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  4I 

These  articles,  originally  from  the  pen  of  Dr.  John  Mason, 
were  subsequently  revised  and  slightly  amended,  and  pub- 
lished under  the  unsuitable  title  of  "The  Constitution  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church."  They  were  popularly  known 
as  the  "Little  Constitution." 

A  committee,  consisting  of  Dr.  Mason  and  Messrs.  Lind 
and  Smith,  was  appointed  "to  prepare  and  publish,  as  soon 
as  possible,  a  concise  narrative  of  the  rise  and  progress  of  the 
union  between  the  Associate  and  Reformed  Presbyteries,  and 
the  grounds  on  which  they  have  erected  themselves  into  a 
Synod,  together  with  such  an  illustration  of  our  constitu- 
tional principles  as  they  may  judge  necessary."  This  com- 
mittee never  reported. 

In  1787  Dr.  Mason,  R.  Annan  and  J.  Smith  were  appointed 
a  committee  to  bring  in  "An  Overture  for  illustrating  and 
defending  the  Doctrines  of  the  Westminster  Confession  of 
Faith." 

In  1789  a  long  report  was  submitted,  chiefly  from  the  pen 
of  Dr.  Annan,  in  the  form  of  a  commentary  upon  the  different 
chapters  of  the  Confession.  It  was  considered  at  great  length 
at  that  meeting  of  Synod,  and  then  postponed  and  further 
considered  at  the  next  meeting  in  May,  1790,  when,  instead 
of  a  formal  adoption,  it  was  unanimously  resolved  that  it  is 
"in  substance  an  excellent  and  instructive  illustration  and 
application  of  these  truths  unto  the  present  state  of  the 
Church  of  Christ  in  America,  and  warmly  recommended  it  as 
such  to  all  the  people  under  their  inspection." 

The  Standards  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  were  not 
a  birth,  but  a  growth.  Those  who  organized  it  had  confi- 
dence in  each  other,  and  united  upon  the  simple  basis  of  the 
Westminster  standards  which  belonged  equally  to  both  sides, 
and  left  time  and  experience  to  decide  whether  anything 
should  be  added,  and  if  so,  what.  One  of  the  objects  of  her 
founders,  and  by  no  means  a  small  one,  was  to  establish  an 
American  church  holding  the  theology  of  the  more  conserva- 
tive churches  in  Scotland;  American  in  the  twofold  sense  of 
being  independent  of  all  foreign  judicatories,  a  free  Church 
in  a  free  State,  and  also  in  being  denuded  and  freed  from  all 
peculiarities  of  alien  origin  and  suitableness.     They  did  not 


42  HISTORY   OF 

wish  simply  to  transplant  an  exotic  whose  special  characteris- 
tics showed  its  foreign  birth  and  relations,  and  which  might 
not  be  adapted  to  the  climate;  but  to  build  a  home  church, 
unencumbered  with  any  historical  traditions,  which  could 
and  would  adapt  itself  to  the  peculiarities  and  exigencies  of 
its  surroundings.  Hence  they  agreed  upon  the  dogmas  of 
the  new  organization,  and  said  nothing  about  the  special 
methods  of  their  exhibition.  The  Reformed  and  the  Associ- 
ate Churches  had  covenant  bonds  and  made  assent  to  them  a 
term  of  communion;  they  had  also  a  Judicial  Testimony  of 
equal  binding  obligation  with  the  Confession  of  Faith.  The 
Associate  Reformed  Church  started  without  either  of  these. 
This  was  not  an  inadvertence  or  oversight,  but  a  deliberate 
conviction  of  duty,  and  for  which  they  were  severely  cen- 
sured by  those  nearest  of  kin  in  Great  Britain  and  America. 

The  new  church  had  to  fight  for  her  existence,  and  the  re- 
sult of  this  contest  had  much  to  do  in  giving  shape  and  char- 
acter to  her  forming  standards.  She  was  charged  with 
"burying  the  covenants,"  and  "neglecting  to  insist  on  their 
binding  obligation  upon  posterity."  To  this  the  Synod  re- 
plied in  a  letter  to  the  Second  Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas: 
"The  omission  in  our  Constitution  of  the  National  Covenant 
of  Scotland,  and  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant,  cannot 
wound  the  most  tender  conscience  when  rightly  informed. 
It  is  not  possible,  consistently  with  truth,  to  make  these  cov- 
enants, as  they  stand,  a  part  of  the  church's  testimony  in 
America ;  and,  therefore,  the  insertion  of  them  among  her 
terms  of  communion,  instead  of  promoting  the  edification  of 
her  members,  would  only  serve  as  a  snare  for  their  con- 
sciences. To  be  applicable  to  the  circumstances  of  this 
church  they  must  undergo  a  variety  of  alterations;  but  the 
moment  any  alteration  is  admitted  into  an  instrument  of  sol- 
emn compact,  it  ceases  to  be  the  smfie  instrument.  To  mod- 
ify the  covenants,  therefore,  is  to  destroy  them;  they  instantly 
cease  to  be  the  same  covenants,  and  the  persons  who  take 
them  thus  modified,  instead  of  renewing  them,  do,  in  fact, 
enter  into  a  new  compact,  and,  by  that  v^ry  act,  resort  to  the 
original  principle  of  covenanting. " 

The  Original  Seceders,  the  successors  of  McCree  and  Pax- 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  43 

ton,  and  the  most  conservative  body  in  Scotland,  declared  at 
their  union  with  the  Free  Church  in  1852:  "In  fine,  looking 
upon  society  as  possessed  of  permanent  identity  in  the  sight  of 
God,  and  on  each  succeeding  age  as  bound  to  implement  the 
unexhausted  obligations  contracted  by  national  oaths,  we  be- 
lieve that  the  covenants  of  our  ancestors  *  *  *  are  still 
binding,  and  that  by  them,  we,  as  a  nation,  are  laid  under 
additional  obligation  to  maintain  the  principles  and  the  cause 
of  the  Reformation, ' '  This  was  precisely  the  position  taken 
by  the  Associate  Reformed  fathers  seventy  years  before — that 
these  covenants  were  civil  and  national,  and  that  the  descend- 
ing obligations  followed  not  the  individual,  but  the  national 
identity;  and,  although  the  descendants  of  covenanted  ances- 
tors, as  members  of  another  nation,  they  were  not  willing  to 
acknowledge  special  descending  obligations. 

When  it  was  urged  that  these  covenants  embraced  moral 
duties,  as  well  as  civil  and  national,  and  that  their  perform- 
ance was  made  binding  upon  posterity,  the  Synod  answered 
in  the  Little  Constitution  that  "we  are  bound  by  the  Divine 
authority  to  perform  all  the  moral  duties  contained  in  them." 
That  is,  whatever  is  contained  in  them,  which  is  clearly  a 
moral  duty,  we  are  bound  to  perform  by  the  "Divine  author- 
ity" which  requires  it,  and  imparts  to  it  its  character  as  a 
moral  duty.  Any  further  obligation  would  be  a  surplusage, 
and  that  too  from  an  inferior  source  of  authority. 

Another  difficulty  with  which  the  new  church  had  to  con- 
tend was  the  precise  manner  of  Testimony-bearing.  It  is 
very  evident  that  the  founders  of  the  church,  through  the  in- 
fluence of  their  early  training,  felt  that  there  was  or  might  be 
good  reason  for  the  adoption  of  a  Judicial  Testimony  in  addi- 
tion to  the  Confession  of  Faith.  Hence  the  appointment  of 
the  two  committees  already  mentioned  to  draft  a  narrative 
and  to  bring  in  an  illustrative  overture.  It  is  just  as  evident 
that  there  was  a  doubt  and  a  hesitancy  in  this  matter,  because 
the  first  committee  never  reported,  and  the  action  of  the  other 
was  only  commended  but  never  adopted.  But  as  they  con- 
tinued to  discuss  this  subject,  the  Synod  became  more  and 
more  confirmed  in  its  opposition  to  such  an  instrument,  and 
finally  and  fully  decided  the  question  in  1797  by  the  adoption 
of  the  following  paper: 


44  HISTORY   OF 

Whereas,  a  number  of  people  under  the  inspection  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Synod  entertain  doubts  as  to  their  principles  and  intentions  with  re- 
spect to  the  maintenance  of  a  faithful  testimony  for  the  truth  as  it  is  in 
Jesus;  and  whereas  these  doubts  are  accompanied  with  anxiety  for  a  judicial 
publication,  copiously  illustrating  and  defending  the  doctrines  of  the  Gospel, 
and  enumerating,  refuting  and  condemning  errors  and  heresies,  to  be  called 
a  Testimony,  the  viitiisters  and  elders  in  Synod  assembled  think  it  incum- 
bent on  them  to  explain,  and  by  this  act  they  do  explain  their  real  views  of 
these  interesting  subjects. 

Upright  and  open  testimony  for  the  truths  of  the  Lord's  word,  whether 
relating  to  doctrine,  discipline,  worship  or  manners,  is  the  indispensable 
duty  of  all  Christians,  especially  of  the  ministers  and  judicatories  of  the 
church,  who,  from  their  office,  ought  to  be  set  for  the  defence  of  the  gospel. 

Judicial  testimonies,  being  designed  to  operate  against  prevalent  error,  are, 
lest  they  should  miss  their  aim,  to  be  wisely  adapted  to  the  immediate  cir- 
cumstances of  the  church. 

Both  these  principles  have  been  fully  recognized  by  the  Synod  in  their 
published  act  of  May,  1790,  entitled  An  act  to  amend  the  Constitution  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Synod.  They  therein  declare  that  "they  consider  the 
Confession  of  Faith,  Larger  and  Shorter  CateoJiisms,  Directory  for  Worship 
and  Form  of  Church  Government,  as  therein  received,  as  their  Fixed  Tes- 
timony, by  which  their  principles  are  to  be  tried;  or,  as  the  judicial  expres- 
sion of  the  sense  in  which  they  understand  the  holy  scriptures  in  the  relation 
they  have  to  the  doctrine,  the  worship  and  government  of  the  Christian 
Church,  and  that  it  is  their  resolution  to  emit  occasional  testimonies  in  par- 
ticular acts  against  errors  and  delusions. 

The  Synod,  however,  being  frequently  importuned  to  publish  a  testimony 
of  a  different  kind,  renewed  from  time  to  time  their  discussions  on  this  point, 
and  after  the  most  impartial  and  serious  deliberation  find  it  their  duty  not  to 
recede  from  the  above  resolution. 

For  the  satisfaction  of  such  as  have  not  had  access  to  know  the  grounds 
of  this  decision,  some  of  them  are  subjoined: 

1.  In  her  excellent  Confession  of  Faith,  Catechism,  etc.,  the  church  is 
already  possessed  of  a  testimony  so  scriptural,  concise,  comprehensive  and 
perspicuous  that  the  Sj'nod  despair  of  seeing  it  materially  improved,  and 
are  convinced  that  the  most  eligible  and  useful  method  of  maintaining  the 
truths  therein  exhibited  is  occasionally  to  elucidate  them  and  direct  them  in 
particular  acts  against  particular  errors,  as  circumstances  require. 

2.  There  was  drawn  up  and  published  by  a  committee  of  Synod,  in  the 
year  1787,  Ati  Overture  for  Illustrating  and  Defending  the  Doctrines  of  the 

Westminster  Coyifession  of  Faith.  And  in  May,  1790,  Synod  unanimously 
resolved  that  said  overture  is  "in  substance  an  excellent  and  instructive 
illustration  and  application  of  these  truths  unto  the  present  state  of  the 
church  of  Christ  in  America,  and  warmly  recommended  it  as  such  to  all  the 
people  under  their  inspection."  Whatever  then  might  be  effected  on  a  gen- 
eral scale  b}^  any  similar  pamphlet  in  the  form  of  a  judicial  testimony,  may 
be  effected  by  that  overture.  And  to  emit  such  a  testimony  would  only  be 
to  repeat  the  same  laborious  and  expensive  work,  without  obtaining  any 
proportional  advantage. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  45 

3.  Could  a  testimony  universally  acceptable  be  prepared,  it  would  still  be 
far  from  producing  those  beneficial  effects  whicli  are  so  fondly  expected. 

(a)  If  it  were  to  do  tolerable  justice  to  the  prodigious  extent  of  the  Con- 
fession it  would  swell  into  an  immense  work,  of  which  the  very  bulk  would 
defeat  the  intention.  And  if  it  were  comprised  in  a  volume  suited  to  the 
leisure  of  an  ordinary  reader  it  would  be  defective,  and  defective,  perhaps, 
on  those  very  points  on  which  the  occurrences  of  a  few  months  might  re- 
quire it  to  be  particular  in  full. 

(d)  It  could  scarcely  give  a  correcter  view  of  the  principles  of  the  Synod 
than  is  already  given  in  their  received  Confession,  because  it  could  scarcely 
hold  forth  any  truths  which  are  not  therein  held  forth,  or  state  them,  upon 
the  whole,  with  more  luminous  precision.  The  opinion  that  such  a  testi- 
mony is  needful  to  ascertain  the  Synod's  principles  is  a  direct  impeachment 
of  the  Confession  itself;  since,  if  they  are  not  sufficiently  ascertained  by 
this,  it  must  be  either  lame  or  ambiguous;  and  then  the  church  demands 
not  a  separate  testimony  but  an  aviendcd  Confession.  If  any  parts  of  it  are 
differently  interpreted  and  abused  to  the  promotion  of  error  these  ought  to 
be  explained  in  detached  acts,  and  such  explanation  belongs  strictly  to  the 
province  of  occasional  testimonies. 

{c)  It  could  not  deter  from  application  for  ministerial  or  Christian  com- 
munion with  the  Synod  any  who  are  not  really  friendly  to  the  doctrine  of 
grace,  since  one  who  can  profess  an  attachment  to  the  Confession  of  Faith, 
while  he  is  secretly  hostile  to  its  truths,  is  too  far  advanced  in  dishonesty  to 
be  impeded  for  a  moment  by  any  testimony  which  the  wisdom  of  man  can 
frame. 

(a')  It  could  not  silence  the  objections  and  cavils  of  such  as  incline  to 
misrepresent  the  principles  and  character  of  the  Synod,  since  it  is  impos- 
sible to  satisfy  with  anything  those  who  are  determined  to  be  satisfied  with 
nothing.  The  very  uncandid  manner  in  which  the  Synod  have  already  been 
often  treated,  both  in  Britain  and  America,  leaves  little  reason  to  hope  their 
plainest  declarations  will  not  be  perverted,  and  their  most  upright  intentions 
misconstrued. 

(e)  It  could  not  lift  up  a  perpetual  banner  for  truth,  since  from  the  ever- 
fluctuating  state  of  religious  controversy,  and  the  impossibility  of  foresee- 
ing the  different  shapes  which  error  may  assume,  some  parts  of  it  would 
gradually  grow  obsolete,  while  some  would  be  deficient;  and  the  same  ne- 
cessity for  occasional  testimonies  would  still  remain.  In  the  nature  of  things, 
moreover,  it  would  after  a  short  time,  at  most  a  few  years,  be  out  of  print 
and  out  of  date,  and  ceasing  to  interest  the  public  curiosity,  would  utterly 
fail  of  accomplishing  its  end.  There  is  also  solid  reason  to  fear  that  in  the 
present  unhappy  contentions  which  divide  the  church  it  would  be  used  by 
too  many  as  the  rallying  point  of  party,  and  would  inflame  those  wounds  in 
the  body  of  Christ  which  it  should  be  our  study  and  prayer  to  have  speedily 
and  thoroughly  healed. 

While  these  and  similar  reasons  impel  the  Synod  to  decline  issuing  such  a 
testimony  as  hath  been  desired,  there  are  others  which  persuade  them  that 
the  plan  on  which,  as  the  Lord  in  His  providence  hath  called  them,  they 
have  hitherto  acted,  and  on  which  they  are  resolved  to  act  in  future — the 
plan  of  emitting  occasional  testimonies — includes  all  the  excellencies  of  that 


46  HISTORY   OF 

which  they  reject,  is  free  from  its  embarrassments,  and  is  calculated  to  pro- 
duce real  and  permanent  good. 

As  witnesses  of  the  Most  High,  Christians  are  especially  bound  to  avow 
and  to  defend  those  truths  which  are  more  immediately  decried,  and  to  op- 
pose those  errors  which  immediately  prevail.  This  is  termed  by  the  spirit 
of  God  being  "established  in  the  present  truth.' ^  It  is  the  very  essence  of  a 
judicious  testimony;  nor  is  there  any  way  in  which  judicatories  can  so  well 
maintain  it  as  in  serious  and  scriptural  occasional  acts.  Of  this  method  of 
testifying  there  are  plain  and  numerous  traces  in  the  Holy  Scriptures  and  in 
the  pious  practice  of  the  primitive  church. 

Such  testimonies  have,  moreover,  several  advantages: 

They  are  brief:  so  that  a  reader  of  ordinary  diligence  can,  in  a  very  little 
time,  make  himself  perfectly  master  of  their  contents. 

They  are  pointed :  and  by  singling  out  the  error  which  is  doing  present 
mischief,  they  give  more  effectual  warning  oi present  danger  than  could  pos- 
sibly be  done  if  they  were  interspersed  through  a  large  and  general  publica- 
tion. 

They  are  neiu :  and  for  this  very  reason  they  arrest  the  attention  of  men 
more  than  if  they  were  diffused  through  an  older  and  more  extended  work, 
however  excellent.  They  may  also  throw  fresh  light  upon  received  truths, 
and  make  a  deeper  impression  on  the  mind  than  if  met  with  in  the  course 
of  ordinary  reading. 

They  furnish  special  topics  for  religious  conversation:  and  by  fixing  the 
thoughts  of  pious  people  on  a  particular  subject  render  them  greatly  instru- 
mental in  edifying  each  other. 

As  they  confine  the  attention  of  judicatories  within  a  small  compass,  there 
is  a  better  prospect  of  their  being  executed  with  ability  and  success. 

They  serve  to  cement  the  affections  of  judicatories  and  their  people,  as 
they  oblige  the  former  to  watch,  with  peculiar  zeal,  over  the  interests  of  the 
latter,  and  afford  the  latter  continual  and  endearing  proofs  of  the  faithful- 
ness of  the  former. 

They  are  frequent:  and  thus  have  a  happy  tendency  to  keep  alive  the 
spirit  of  honest  testimony  for  Jesus  Christ,  which  would  slumber  much 
deeper  and  much  longer  were  that  duty  supposed  to  be  discharged  in  a  soli- 
tary volume. 

They  will  form,  collectively,  a  more  complete  and  useful  vindication  of 
truth  than  could  be  expected  if  the  different  branches  of  it  were  all  to  be 
discussed  in  a  continued  work. 

They  will  show  posterity  what  were  the  truths  which,  in  a  peciiliar  man- 
ner, their  fathers  were  honored  to  maintain. 

Because  the  Synod  would  not  include  the  Scottish  cove- 
nants in  its  standards,  and  declined  to  issue  a  Judicial  Testi- 
mony, the  Rev.  Matthew  Henderson,  of  Chartiers,  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.,  left  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  in  1789 
and  united  with  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania, 
Five  or  six  years  afterward  the  Rev.  John  Smith,  of  Octoraro, 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  pursued  the  same  course,  and  professedly 
for  the  same  reasons. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  47 

It  will  be  recollected  that  in  the  first  article  of  the  Little 
Constitution,  where  adherence  to  the  Westminster  Confession 
of  Faith  is  professed,  the  Synod  expressly  excepted  those  sec- 
tions of  Chapters  20  and  23  and  31,  which  define  the  power  of 
civil  government  in  relation  to  religion,  and  reserved  them 
' '  for  candid  discussion  on  some  future  occasion  as  God  shall 
be  pleased  to  direct."  These  sections  were  under  discussion 
at  several  meetings  of  the  Synod,  and  in  1798  it  was  resolved 
to  alter  the  text  of  the  Confession  so  as  to  free  it  from  all 
Erastianism,  and  make  the  church  independent  of  the  State 
in  all  matters  of  government  and  discipline.  At  the  same 
time  and  for  the  same  purpose  the  word  authorizing  was  sub- 
stituted for  the  word  tolerating  in  the  enumeration  of  the  sins 
forbidden  by  the  second  commandment,  as  given  in  the  Larger 
Catechism.  Because  of  these  alterations  of  the  Confession  of 
Faith  the  Rev.  Alexander  McCoy  and  the  Rev.  Robert  War- 
wick, both  of  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela,  protested  and 
left  the  church,  and  on  the  27th  of  Jan.,  1801,  at  Washing- 
ton, Pa.,  "constituted  themselves  into  a  Presbytery,  under 
the  denomination  of  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Presbytery. ' ' 

Thus  sixteen  years  were  spent  in  formulating  the  standards 
of  the  church ;  and  having  settled  all  things  to  their  mind,  the 
Synod,  at  its  meeting  at  Greencastle,  Pa.,  on  the  31st  of  May, 
1799,  "judicially  ratified  "  and  "declared  the  aforesaid  Con- 
fession of  Faith,  Larger  and  Shorter  Catechisms,  together 
with  the  Government  and  Discipline  of  the  Church,  and  the 
Directories  for  Public  and  Private  Worship,  to  be  the  Consti- 
tution and  Standards  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church 
in  all  matters  relating  to  Doctrine,  Government,  Discipline 
and  Worship. ' '  They  declared  this  to  be  their  fixed  testi- 
mony, and  that  they  will  "emit  occasional  testimonies  in  par- 
ticular acts  against  errors  and  delusions."  They  also  fixed 
the  terms  of  admission  to  membership  in  the  church  to  be 
"A  profession  of  faith  in  the  Holy  Scriptures  of  the  Old  and 
New  Testaments  as  the  perfect  and  only  rule  of  faith  and 
practice,  together  with  an  approbation  of  the  Confession  of 
Faith,  Larger  and  Shorter  Catechisms,  Form  of  Church  Gov- 
ernment and  Directories  for  Worship,  as  therein  received;  a 
holy  life  and  conversation,  and  subjection  to  the  Order  and 
Discipline  of  the  Church. ' ' 


48  HISTORY  OF 

The  Third  Presbytery  appointed  a  meeting  to  be  held  in 
Londonderry,  New  Hampshire,  on  the  13th  of  Feb.,  1783,  for 
the  pnrpose  of  ordaining  William  Morrison  and  installing 
him  as  pastor  of  the  Second  or  West  Parish  of  Londonderry. 
When  the  time  came  no  members  appeared  except  Mr.  David 
Annan  and  his  elder,  who  were  not  snflEicient  to  constitute  a 
Presbytery,  but  the  Rev.  Samuel  Taggart,  pastor  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  in  Coleraine,  Mass.,  was  present  with  the 
avowed  intention  of  uniting  with  the  Associate  Reformed 
Presbytery  at  that  meeting.  Making  a  virtue  of  necessity, 
Mr.  Annan  admitted  Mr.  Taggart  to  membership,  and  they 
then  constituted  as  a  Presbytery  and  ordained  Mr.  Morrison. 
These  facts  were  reported  to  Synod  at  its  next  meeting,  when 
an  act  was  passed  sustaining  the  validity  of  Mr.  Morrison's 
ordination,  but  condemning  sharply  the  irregularity  of  the 
whole  proceedings. 

In  1786  the  Presbyteries  were  re-arranged  by  Synod,  and 
Dr.  Robert  Annan  of  Boston,  David  Annan  of  Peterborough, 
N.  H.,  Samuel  Taggart  of  Coleraine,  Mass.,  and  William  Mor- 
rison of  Londonderry,  N.  H. ,  were  erected  into  a  new  Presby- 
tery, to  be  known  as  the  Presbytery  of  Londonderry.  On  the 
19th  of  Oct.,  1791,  the  Synod  changed  the  name  of  the  Pres- 
bytery to  that  of  the  Presbytery  of  New  England.  This  Pres- 
bytery, and  an  independent  Presbytery  composed  of  some 
of  the  Irish  congregations  which  still  lingered,  and  known 
by  the  name  of  "The  Presbytery  of  the  Eastward,"  coalesced 
at  Londonderry  on  the  25th  of  Oct.,  1793,  and  formed  what 
they  called  the  Presbytery  of  Londonderry.  This  was  done 
without  the  knowledge  or  authority  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Synod,  but  it  still  claimed  jurisdiction  over  its  New 
England  Presbytery,  by  whatever  name  it  might  choose  to 
call  itself,  and  whatever  affiliations  it  might  make.  This 
coalesced  Presbytery,  however,  was  very  careful  to  hold  itself 
aloof  from  the  Synod,  and  was  composed  of  Messrs.  D. 
Annan,  S.  Taggart,  W.  Morrison  and  A.  Oliver,  (Associate 
Reformed,)  and  of  Jonathan  Brown,  D.  Dana,  Mr.  Ewer, 
Solomon  Moor,  W.  Pidgeon  and  S.  Tomb,  from  the  Presby- 
tery of  the  Eastward.  The  Presbyterian  congregations  in 
New  England  felt  the  influence  of  their  surroundings,  and 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  49 

were  gradually  yielding  to  Congregationalism  in  the  matters 
of  praise,  and  discipline,  and  government,  and  the  Synod  re- 
buked the  Presbytery  for  its  laxity,  but  without  accomplishing 
ing  any  reformation.  Finally,  in  1796,  the  Synod  appointed 
two  of  its  ministers  to  visit  the  Presbytery  and  try  to  reclaim 
them.  This  committee  was  providentially  hindered  from 
going,  but  Dr.  J.  M.  Mason,  in  its  name,  wrote  a  very  earnest 
and  able  letter,  expostulating  with  the  Presbytery  on  their 
irregularities,  and  sustaining  the  ground  taken  by  the  Synod. 
Mr.  Morrison  answered  for  the  Presbytery,  and  stated  that 
the  action  of  the  Synod  on  the  subject  of  Psalmody  and  Com- 
munion was  not  acceptable  to  their  people  generally,  and 
then  avowed  their  independence,  and  declared  that  "This 
Presbytery  consider  themselves,  with  Divine  aid,  competent 
to  all  the  purposes  of  judicial  authority  in  the  churches  or 
societies  under  their  care;  are  best  acquainted  with  their 
customs,  temper,  and  manners,  and  their  situation  with  re- 
spect to  other  denominations."  The  Presbytery  continued 
to  maintain  its  independence,  and  the  Synod,  in  1801,  erased 
its  name  from  the  roll  and  declared  it  as  being  no  longer  "in 
their  connection."  Thus  perished  Associate  Reformed  Pres- 
byterianism  in  New  England  until  resuscitated  in  1846  by  Dr. 
Blaikie.  This  lyondonderry  Presbytery  remained  independ- 
ent until  1809,  when  it  put  itself  under  the  care  of  the 
Presbyterian  Synod  of  Albany,  and  is  still  connected  with 
the  Presbyterian  church. 

In  1798  the  Synod  of  the  Reformed  Dutch  Church  made 
overtures  for  a  union  of  the  Presbyterian,  the  Associate  Re- 
formed and  the  Dutch  Churches.  Committees  were  appointed 
and  a  platform  for  more  intimate  relations  was  drafted. 
This  scheme  was  approved  by  the  Dutch  Synod  of  1799,  but 
disapproved  of  by  the  other  bodies.  It  may  be  mentioned  in 
this  connection  that  in  1820  the  General  Synod  of  the  Asso- 
ciate Reformed  Church  appointed  a  committee  to  confer  with 
any  committee  which  might  be  appointed  by  the  Dutch 
Synod  on  the  subject  of  effecting  a  union  between  the  two 
churches.  A  committee  was  appointed,  and  they  agreed 
upon  a  basis  containing  eight  articles,  the  first  of  which  was, 
"The  two  Churches  to  be  united  under  the  style  and  title  of 
4 


50  HISTORY  OF 

the  Reformed  Protestant  Church  of  North  Atnerica.''''  The 
Dutch  Synod  overtured  the  plan  to  its  Classes,  and  they  re- 
ported almost  unanimously  in  its  favor,  but  the  Associate 
Reformed  Synod,  in  182 1,  declined  "for  the  present  all 
further  proceedings  relative  thereto,  resting  satisfied  with  the 
continuance  of  the  established  plan  of  intercourse  and  corres- 
pondence. ' '  This  change  of  course  arose  most  likely  from 
the  fact  that  the  party  which  had  inaugurated  it  was  now  en- 
gaged in  a  negotiation  for  union  with  the  General  Assembly 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  they  regarded  this  latter 
scheme  with  greater  favor. 

When  the  Synod  had  grown  until  it  embraced  seven  Pres- 
byteries, nearly  forty  ministers,  and  about  five  thousand  com- 
municants, and  scattered  from  New  York  to  Georgia,  it  was 
deemed  expedient  to  organize  a  delegated  supreme  judica- 
tory, so  as  to  lessen,  as  far  as  possible,  the  slow  and  toilsome 
travel  required  of  those  upon  the  outskirts  of  the  church. 
On  the  22d  of  Oct.,  1802,  at  a  meeting  in  New  York,  the 
church  was  divided  into  four  Synods,  subordinate  to  a  dele- 
gated General  Synod.  The  Synod  of  New  York  was  to  be 
composed  of  the  Presbyteries  of  New  York  and  Washington, 
and  to  hold  its  first  meeting  at  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  on  the  last 
Friday  of  May,  1803,  to  be  opened  with  a  sermon  by  William 
McAuley.  The  Synod  of  Pennsylvania  to  be  composed  of  the 
Presbyteries  of  Philadelphia  and  Big  Spring,  to  meet  at 
Marsh  Creek,  Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  on  the  25th  of  May,  1803,  and 
to  be  opened  with  a  sermon  by  Dr.  R.  Annan.  The  Synod 
of  Scioto  to  be  composed  of  the  Presbyteries  of  Monongahela 
and  Kentucky,  to  meet  at  Chillicothe,  O. ,  on  the  2d  of  May, 
1804,  and  to  be  opened  with  a  sermon  by  Adam  Rankin. 
The  Synod  of  the  Carolinas  to  be  composed  of  the  First  and 
Second  Presbyteries  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia,  to  meet  at 
Ebenezer  Church,  Fairfield  District,  S.  C,  on  the  27th  of 
April,  1803,  to  be  opened  with  a  sermon  by  James  Rogers. 
The  General  Synod  held  its  first  meeting  at  Greencastle, 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  on  the  30th  of  May,  1804,  and  was  opened 
with  a  sermon  by  Dr.  John  M.  Mason,  from  Titus  i.  9, 
"Holding  fast  the  faithful  word."  The  eight  Presbyteries 
were  all  represented.  The  Rev.  Alexander  Dobbin  was 
chosen  moderator  and  the  Rev.  James  Gray  stated  clerk. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  5 1 

In  1801  the  Synod  resolved  to  establish  a  Theological  Sem- 
inary with  a  more  complete  organization  and  a  more  exten- 
sive course  of  study  than  anything  yet  attempted  in  the 
United  States.  For  the  accomplishment  of  this  work  Dr. 
Mason  visited  Great  Britain  for  the  collection  of  funds  and 
of  books  for  a  library,  in  both  of  which  he  was  quite  success- 
ful. The  Seminary  was  opened  in  New  York  City  in  1805, 
with  Dr.  Mason  as  principal  Professor  and  eight  students  in 
attendance.  It  was  suspended  in  its  operations  in  1821,  after 
educating  in  whole  or  in  part  ninety-six  students,  many  of 
whom,  however,  were  in  no  way  connected  with  the  Associate 
Reformed  Church. 

The  General  Synod  did  its  work  smoothly  and  successfully 
for  six  or  seven  years,  and  then  trouble  came.  When  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church  was  organized  the  Confession  of 
Faith  was  adopted,  pure  and  simple,  as  we  have  seen,  with- 
out any  explanation  or  limitation.  Consequently  the  law  of 
the  Church  on  the  subject  of  comniiuiioii  was  contained  in  the 
twenty-sixth  chapter  and  second  section,  which  reads  thus: 
"Saints  by  profession  are  bound  to  maintain  a  holy  fellow- 
ship and  communion  in  the  worship  of  God,  and  in  perform- 
ing such  other  spiritual  services  as  tend  to  their  mutual  edi- 
fication, as  also  in  relieving  each  other  in  outward  things, 
according  to  their  several  abilities  and  necessities,  which 
communion,  as  God  ofFereth  opportunity,  is  to  be  extended 
to  all  those  who  in  every  place  call  on  the  name  of  the  Lord 
Jesus."  The  Synod,  however,  felt  the  necessity  of  some 
limitation,  and  at  its  first  meeting  placed  in  the  Little  Con- 
stitution the  following  article:  "The  members  of  Synod 
*  *  *  are  willing,  as  God  offereth  opportunity,  to  extend 
communion  to  all  who  in  every  place  call  on  the  name  of  the 
Lord  Jesus,  in  conformity  to  His  will;  but  as  occasional 
communion,  in  a  divided  state  of  the  church,  may  produce 
great  disorders  if  it  be  not  conducted  with  much  wisdom  and 
moderation,  they  esteem  themselves  and  the  people  under 
their  inspection  inviolably  bound,  in  all  ordinary  cases^  to 
submit  to  every  restriction  of  their  liberty  which  general  edi- 
fication renders  necessary. ' '  To  this  an  explanatory  note  was 
appended,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  "The  principle  expressed 


52  HISTORY   OF 

in  this  article  is  not  a  new  principle  adopted  by  the  Synod. 
It  is  one  of  the  received  principles  adopted  by  the  Secession, 
and  it  is  set  in  a  very  strong  light  in  Chapter  XXVI.  of  the 
Confession  of  Faith.  *  *  *  Nq  objection  can  therefore 
be  jnstly  stated  against  it  as  it  stands  in  the  article  but  what 
may  be  made  to  it  as  it  stands  in  the  Confession  of  Faith. 
The  application  of  the  principle  to  particular  cases  may  in- 
deed be  attended  with  some  difficulties.  We  are  not,  how- 
ever, accountable  for  these  difficulties,  as  they  arise  from  the 
divided  state  of  the  Church  of  Christ.  The  article  is  guarded, 
and  cannot,  without  the  most  evident  perversion,  be  con- 
strued as  a  license  to  hold  unscriptural  communion  with 
other  churches.  It  is  the  intention  of  the  Synod  not  to  go 
into  connections  with  any  denomination  which  are  incon- 
sistent with  the  spirit  of  what  is  usually  called  the  cove- 
nanted reformation."  The  overture  which  was  laid  before 
Synod  in  1789,  and  approved  in  1790,  declares  in  its  illustra- 
tions of  Chapter  XXVI.,  among  other  things,  "That  a  tem- 
porar>',  or  what  is  called  occasional  communion  with  sister 
churches  may  lawfully,  in  some  instances,  take  place,  is  what 
no  man  of  understanding,  who  is  not  much  pinched  to  sup- 
port some  favorite  and  false  hypothesis,  will  deny.  The 
terms  of  it  are  not  materially  different  from  the  terms  of 
stated  communion,  only  making  allowance  for  a  variety  in 
innocent  customs  and  forms.  *  *  *  gy  occasional  com- 
munion we  do  not  mean  the  admitting  a  person  to  our  com- 
munion whom  it  would  be  sinful  to  continue  in  it,  but  a  per- 
son who,  on  account  of  local  circumstances,  cannot  continue 
in  it."  When  this  overture  was  under  discussion  in  the 
Synod  of  1789,  Messrs.  Henderson,  Smith  and  Logan,  gave 
in  a  paper  at  an  extra-judicial  conference  among  the  mem- 
bers, in  which,  with  some  other  demands,  they  ask:  "Will 
this  Synod  give  up  the  scheme  of  occasional  communion  in 
all  ordinary  cases  and  confine  the  privilege  to  the  members  of 
our  own  church  ?  "  It  was  promptly  replied  ' '  that  the  Synod 
never  meant  to  allow  it  except  in  extraorditiary  cases." 

To  condense  and  formulate,  the  established  law  of  the  new 
church  was  that  organic  union  was  not  necessary  for  com- 
munion, yet  as  the  Church  of  Christ  was  divided,  and  errors 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  53 

were  taught  in  some  of  its  branches,  lest  these  errors  might 
be  countenanced  and  discipline  relaxed,  communion  in  all 
ordinary  cases  should  be  confined  to  its  members,  and  in  ex- 
traordmary  cases  extended  only  to  such  as  might  under 
favorable  circumstances  be  admitted  to  full  communion;  and 
this  remained  the  law  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  in 
all  its  Synods  down  till  the  union  of  1858. 

On  the  25th  of  May,  1810,  Dr.  J.  M.  Mason  resigned  the 
pastoral  care  of  the  Cedar  St.  Church  in  New  York,  and  with 
a  small  colony  commenced  the  work  of  building  up  a  third 
Associate  Reformed  congregation  in  the  city.  He  had  great 
difficulty  in  getting  a  suitable  house  in  which  to  hold  his 
services  until  their  own  church  building  should  be  erected  in 
Murray  street.  In  their  strait  the  trustees  of  the  Presbyterian 
congregation,  of  which  the  Rev.  Dr.  Romeyn  was  pastor, 
ojBfered  the  use  of  their  building  at  all  such  times  as  would 
not  interfere  with  their  own  services.  This  was  gladly  ac- 
cepted, and  Dr.  Mason  held  his  services  immediately  after 
the  conclusion  of  Dr.  Romeyn' s  in  both  the  forenoon  and 
afternoon.  A  large  part  of  Dr.  Romeyn' s  people  were  in  the 
habit  of  remaining  to  hear  Dr.  Mason,  and  in  this  way  the 
two  congregations  became  very  intimate.  When  the  time 
came  for  Dr.  Mason's  first  communion  his  session  resolved, 
in  view  of  the  intimate  relations  of  the  two  congregations, 
and  of  the  hospitality  which  they  were  receiving,  to  in- 
vite Dr.  Romeyn' s  congregation  to  unite  with  them.  This 
was  accepted,  and  when  Dr.  Romeyn' s  communion  occurred 
the  courtesy  was  reciprocated.  This  was  certainly  a  new 
departure  in  the  history  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church, 
for  the  practice  of  her  ministers  had  always  been  even  more 
conservative  and  restrictive  than  her  laws,  and  became  the 
subject  of  very  serious  consideration  by  General  Synod  at  its 
meeting  in  May,  181 1.  After  all  the  facts  had  been  ascer- 
tained, Messrs.  Henderson  and  Dick  moved,  "That  the 
Synod  do  declare  their  decided  disapprobation  of  the  deport- 
ment of  said  brethren  (Mason,  Matthews  and  Clarke)  in  the 
premises,  and  command  them  to  return  to  the  established 
order  of  this  church."  This  was  negatived,  and  the  follow- 
ing resolution,    offered  by  Messrs.  Dickey  and  Porter,   was 


54  HISTORY  OF 

adopted,  with  only  three  negative  votes:  "That  the  judica- 
tories, ministers  and  members  of  the  church  be  and  they 
hereby  are  entreated  and  required  to  exercise  mutual  forbear- 
ance in  the  premises;  and  in  the  use  of  their  discretion  to 
observ-e  mutual  tenderness  and  brotherly  love,  studying  to 
avoid  whatever  may  be  contrary  thereto,  and  giving  special 
heed  to  the  preservation  of  sound  and  efficient  discipline." 
Upon  this  occasion  Dr.  Mason  made  a  speech  of  over  three 
hours,  which  was  regarded  as  the  ablest  effort  of  his  life,  and 
was  long  known  among  his  contemporaries  as  the  mighty 
speech.  He  contended  that  his  congregation  had  not  violated 
the  law  of  the  church,  because  their  circumstances  were  very 
peculiar  and  extraordinar}',  and  that  they  had  simply  yielded 
to  the  necessities  of  their  condition,  and  it  was  neither  their 
desire  nor  intention  to  continue  to  do  so  after  the  completion 
of  their  own  building. 

The  action  of  General  Synod  gave  great  offence  to  the 
Synod  of  Scioto,  which  called  a  special  meeting  to  condemn 
it.  Remonstrances  and  petitions  were  brought  up  to  every 
meeting  of  General  Synod  for  several  }^ears  from  the  Presby- 
teries of  Kentucky  and  Monongahela,  but  nothing  was  accom- 
plished. As  a  consequence  of  this  controversy.  Dr.  Mason 
published,  in  1816,  his  Plea  for  Sacramental  Communion  on 
Catholic  Pri?icipies^  in  which  he  took  grounds  much  in  ad- 
vance of  what  he  had  maintained  in  his  speech  before  Synod, 
that  the  ''''  7nembers  who  hold  acknowledged  communion  with 
the  Head^  whatever  be  their  subordinate  variance,  ought  also 
to  hold  communion  with  each  other  in  those  ordinances  which 
mark  their  communion  with  the  Head."  He  never  favored 
indiscriminate  or  promiscuous  communion;  he  insisted  upon 
judging  whether  a  man  really  was  in  communion  with  the 
"//<?«<3f"  before  he  would  acknowledge  him  to  be  a  '''' 7nem- 
ber. ' '  He  defended  the  ' '  doctrines  of  grace  ' '  with  perhaps 
more  zeal  and  ability  than  any  man  of  his  day,  and  to  the 
last  refused  to  hold  "Christian  fellowship  with  men  who  cor- 
rupt those  precious  doctrines  which  relate  to  the  person,  of- 
fices or  work  of  the  Saviour,  to  the  way  of  the  sinner's  accept- 
ance with  God,  or  to  the  renewing  and  sanctifying  work  of 
the  Spirit." 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  55 

The  necessity  for  some  improvement  in  the  Scottish  ver- 
sion of  the  Psalms  was  soon  and  strongly  felt  by  the  Associate 
Reformed  Church,  and  the  General  Synod,  in  18 10,  unani- 
mously ''''Resolved^  That  Drs.  Mason  and  Gray,  with  Messrs. 
John  X.  Clark,  James  M.  Matthews  and  Alexander  Proudfit 
be  and  hereby  are  appointed  a  committee  to  procure  an  im- 
proved version  of  Scriptural  Psalmody,  and  to  have  the  same 
in  readiness  for  such  order  as  the  General  Synod  shall  see 
meet  to  make  at  the  next  stated  meeting."  Nothing  valuable 
grew  out  of  this  movement,  but  this  subject  became  incident- 
ally mixed  up  with  the  communion  controversy,  and  in  1816 
the  General  Synod,  against  considerable  and  earnest  opposi- 
tion, passed  a  resolution  to  allow  congregations  to  use  the 
version  of  the  Psalms  prepared  by  the  Reformed  Dutch 
Church.  Only  two  or  three  congregations  availed  themselves 
of  this  liberty,  and  they  only  for  a  very  short  time. 

The  Synod  soon  began  to  give  decided  evidence  of  prema- 
ture decay.  Different  causes  combined  to  produce  this.  The 
communion  and  the  Psalmody  controversies  did  much  towards 
dividing  the  church  and  alienating  the  confidence  of  brethren. 
Two  or  three  unpleasant  cases  of  discipline  helped  to  weaken 
the  bond  of  affection,  particularly  the  quarrel  between  Mr. 
Rankin  and  Mr.  Bishop,  which  was  adjudicated  by  a  commis- 
sion of  the  General  Synod  in  such  a  way  as  to  satisfy  neither 
party  and  pretty  thoroughly  ruin  the  fortunes  of  the  Kentucky 
Presbytery.  There  may  have  been  a  little  lordly  domination 
on  the  part  of  some;  there  certainly  was  considerable  jealousy 
and  suspicion  on  the  part  of  others.  The  General  Synod 
met  every  year  in  Philadelphia,  and  the  delegates  from  the 
Synods  of  Scioto  and  the  Carolinas,  who  had  always  to  travel 
on  horseback,  could  not  as  a  general  thing  attend,  and  the 
power  of  the  church  became  centralized  and  fell  into  the 
hands  of  a  few.  In  1817  the  Synod  of  Scioto  asked  that  the 
General  Synod  should  meet,  occasionally  at  least,  in  a  more 
western  and  central  place  than  Philadelphia,  or,  if  this  could 
not  be  done,  that  the  church  should  be  divided  into  two  or 
more  separate  and  independent  Synods.  Both  of  these  re- 
quests were  refused.  The  result  of  all  these  things  combined 
was  that  the  Synod  of  Scioto,  at  its  meeting  at  Rush  Creek, 


56  HISTORY    OF 

Fairfield  Co.,  O.,  on  the  27th  of  April,  1820,  constituted  itself 
into  an  independent  Synod,  under  the  title  of  the  Associate 
Refor77ied  Synod  of  the  West.  In  182 1  the  Synod  of  theCaro- 
linas  petitioned  the  General  Synod  for  a  separate  and  inde- 
pendent organization.  This  was  granted,  and  on  the  ist  of 
April,  1822,  it  so  constituted  itself  as  the  Associate  Reformed 
Synod  of  the  South.  This  left  only  the  Synods  of  New  York 
and  Pennsylvania  in  connection  with  the  General  Synod. 

When  General  Synod  met  in  Philadelphia  in  May,  182 1, 
an  overture  was  received  from  the  General  Assembly  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  then  and  there  in  session,  proposing  an 
organic  union  of  the  two  churches.  Committees  were  ap- 
pointed by  both  bodies  to  conduct  the  negotiations,  and  the 
following  plan  was  agreed  upon  as  a  basis  of  union,  viz:  i. 
That  the  "different  Presbyteries  of  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church  should  either  retain  their  separate  organization  or  be 
amalgamated  with  those  of  the  General  Assembly  at  their  own 
choice."  2.  That  "the  Theological  Seminary  at  Princeton, 
under  the  care  of  the  General  Assembly,  and  the  Theological 
Seminary  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  should  be  con- 
solidated." 3,  That  "the  Theological  Library  and  funds  be- 
longing to  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  should  be  trans- 
ferred, and  belong  to  the  Seminary  at  Princeton."  This  plan 
was  overtured  to  the  Presbyteries. 

The  General  Synod  met  in  Philadelphia  on  the  15th  of 
May,  1822.  Of  the  twenty-two  delegates  commissioned  only 
sixteen  attended.  The  Presbytery  at  Washington  was  en- 
tirely unrepresented,  and  there  was  one  delegate  absent  from 
Saratoga  and  another  from  Big  Spring.  The  overture  in 
reference  to  union  with  the  Presbyterian  Church  was  taken 
up,  and  the  Presbyteries  of  Washington  and  Saratoga  reported 
unanimously  against  it;  Big  Spring  against  it,  with  a  small 
minority  in  favor;  New  York  and  Philadelphia  in  favor,  with 
a  small  minority  in  each  against  it.  Notwithstanding  this 
Presbyterial  rejection,  the  subject  was  discussed  at  length  for 
parts  of  four  days,  and  then  on  Tuesday,  the  21st  of  May,  it 
was  resolved  ' '  That  this  Synod  approve  and  hereby  do  ratify 
the  plan  of  union  between  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Church  and  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  pro- 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   CHURCH.  57 

posed    by   commissioners   from   said    churches."     The  vote 
stood: 

YEAS. 

Rev.  James  Laurie,  D.  D. ,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia. 

Rev.  Ebenezer  Dickey,  D.  D.,  " 

Rev.  John  M.  Duncan,  " 

Elder  Joseph  Nourse,  " 

Elder  James  Martin,  " 

Elder  Robert  Patterson,  " 

Elder  John  Forsyth,  of  Murray  St.  Ch.,  N.  Y.  Pres. 

NAYS. 

Rev.  Robert  Forrest,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Saratoga. 

Rev.  James  Otterson,  "                     " 

Elder  James  Leffertz,  "                     " 

Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Big  Spring. 

Elder  James  McCulloch,  "                     " 

SILENT. 

Rev.  William  W.  Phillips,  of  the  Presbytery  of  New  York. 
Rev.  Robert  B.  E.  McLeod,  "  " 

Elder  Robert  Blake,  "  " 

Rev.  John  Lind,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Big  Spring. 

Objection  was  made  by  Mr.  Smith  that  seven  yeas  did  not 
constitute  a  majority  of  the  Synod,  and  that  the  resolution 
was  not  adopted.  The  moderator.  Dr.  Laurie,  decided  that 
silent  votes  were  to  be  reckoned  with  the  majority,  and  that 
the  resolution  was  carried.  Those  who  voted  in  the  minority 
protested  against  this  action,  because  it  was  against  the  voice 
of  the  church,  as  a  majority  of  its  congregations,  ministers 
and  Presbyteries,  were  opposed  to  the  union;  and  because  it 
"was  effected  by  the  delegates  from  the  Presbytery  of  Phila- 
delphia alone,  only  one  member  from  the  remaining  four  Pres- 
byteries voting  in  its  favor. ' '  It  was  well  known  that  at  least 
Jive  of  the  six  absent  delegates  were  opposed  to  the  union. 

A  committee  was  appointed  to  transfer  the  library  and  the 
funds  from  New  York  to  Princeton,  and  to  report  to  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly.  Mr.  J.  Arbuckle,  the  stated  clerk  of  Synod, 
and  also  pastor-elect  of  the  Spruce  St.  Church  in  Philadel- 
phia, was  one  of  this  committee,  and  he  asked  and  obtained 


58  HISTORY  OF 

leave  of  absence  that  he  might  go  immediately  to  New  York 
and  attend  to  these  removals  before  any  legal  obstacles  could 
•be  placed  in  the  way.  The  General  Assembly  was  at  once 
advised  of  all  this  action,  and  a  union  thanksgiving  was  held 
the  next  day  in  the  Assembly's  house,  when  a  psalm  and  a 
hymn  were  sung,  a  prayer  offered  by  one  of  each  party,  and 
then  the  delegates  to  the  General  Synod  were  invited  to  take 
their  seats  forthwith  in  the  Assembly  as  constituent  members. 
Messrs.  McLeod  and  Duncan  and  Elders  Nourse  and  Patter- 
son took  their  seats  on  the  following  day.  The  others  ex- 
cused themselves  and  returned  home.  The  General  Synod, 
or  the  union  part  of  it,  met  on  Thursday  morning  in  synodic 
capacity,  and  adopted  the  draft  of  a  pastoral  letter  to  the 
churches  in  explanation  and  defence  of  their  course,  and  di- 
rected Mr.  Arbuckle,  their  clerk,  to  deposit  all  the  minutes 
and  documents  of  the  General  Synod  with  the  session  of  the 
Spruce  street  congregation,  "subject  to  the  future  disposal  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian  Church."  They 
then  sung,  not  the  usual  133d  Psalm,  but  the  penitential 
130th  Psalm,  and  "finally  adjourned." 

Thus  perished  the  old  General  Synod,  after  a  somewhat 
troubled  existence  of  only  eighteen  years,  and  with  it  perished 
the  subordinate  Synod  of  Pennsylvania,  for  the  Presbytery  of 
Philadelphia  went  into  the  Presbyterian  Church  as  a  distinct 
Presbyterial  organization,  in  accordance  with  a  provision  in 
the  plan  of  union,  and  the  residuary  portion  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Big  Spring  was  gathered  up  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Smith 
and  committed  to  the  care  of  the  Monongahela  Presbytery  of 
the  Synod  of  the  West,  In  1810  the  General  Synod  passed 
an  act  "intermitting  the  functions  of  the  subordinate  Syn- 
ods," and  it  is  believed  that  the  Synod  of  Pennslyvania  obeyed 
this  injunction  and  ceased  to  meet,  so  that  as  an  intermediate 
court  between  its  Presbyteries  and  the  General  Synod  it  had 
passed  out  of  existence  several  years  previously. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD    OF   NEW   YORK.  59 


The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York. 


THE  General  Synod's  act  of  1810,  intermitting  the  func- 
tions of  the  subordinate  Synods,  was  disregarded  by  the 
Synod  of  New  York.  At  its  next  meeting  it  remonstrated 
against  the  act,  and  continued  on  in  its  course.  In  the  au- 
tumn of  181 2  it  adjourned  at  Broadalbin  to  meet  in  New  York 
city  in  May,  1814.  This  meeting  did  not  take  place,  neither 
did  it  meet  again  until  February,  1822.  The  meeting  ap- 
pointed for  1814  was  most  likely  prevented  by  the  unsettled 
state  of  the  country,  produced  by  the  war  then  existing  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  Great  Britain.  The  subsequent 
meetings  were  omitted  from  a  sheer  want  of  interest.  The 
bitter  and  personal  cotroversies  upon  Psalmody  and  commun- 
ion had  so  distracted  and  disheartened  many  of  the  ministers 
that  they  felt  very  much  like  letting  everything  outside  of 
their  pastoral  charges  go  by  default.  The  spirit  of  the  body 
had  been  largely  destroyed,  but  the  action  of  the  General 
Synod  in  1821,  in  reference  to  a  union  with  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  roused  these  northern  ministers  from  their  lethargy, 
and  they  resolved  to  labor  still  for  the  welfare  of  their  mother 
church.  Dr.  Robert  Proudfit,  moderator  of  the  Synod  of 
1812,  called  a  special  meeting  at  Galway,  Feb.  13th,  1822. 
This  meeting  was  well  attended  by  ministers  and  elders  from 
the  Presbyteries  of  Washington  and  Saratoga.  One  elder 
only  attended  from  the  Presbytery  of  New  York.  The  two 
following  resolutions  were  passed  with  but  one  dissenting 
vote,  that  of  the  Rev.  E.  K.  Maxwell,  of  Delhi:  '^Resolved, 
That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Synod,  the  union  proposed  with 
the  General  Assembly  is  inexpedient,  and  calculated  to  dis- 
turb the  peace  of  our  churches.  Resolved^  That  this  Synod 
will  maintain  its  existence  in  its  present  form,  whatever  be 


6o  HISTORY   OF 

the  decision  of  the  General  Synod  upon  the  contemplated 
union,"  It  was  then  resolved  to  hold  the  next  regular  meet- 
ing at  Newburgh,  on  the  13th  of  the  following  September. 

The  Synod  met  in  Newburgh,  according  to  appointment, 
and  was  opened  with  a  sermon  from  Col.  i.  28,  by  the  Rev. 
James  Scrimgeour,  senior  minister,  and  was  by  him  consti- 
tuted with  prayer.  This  was  its  first  meeting  as  an  indepen- 
dent and  supreme  judicatory,  and  the  Court  of  Chancery  of 
New  Jersey  subsequently  decided  that  it  was  the  successor  of 
the  General  Synod,  or  at  least  next  of  kin,  and  thus  its  legal 
heir.  It  contained  thirteen  ministers  and  about  twenty-five 
congregations,  some  of  which  were  very  feeble. 

In  1824  the  Synod  resolved  to  organize  itself  into  a  Domes- 
tic Missionary  Society,  with  an  annual  sermon,  and  subordi- 
nate societies  in  all  the  congregations,  which  should  hold 
monthly  meetings  for  prayer  and  information.  The  machin- 
ery was  rather  clumsy,  and  yet  it  was  the  means  of  developing 
considerable  missionary  spirit,  and  of  securing  liberal  con- 
tributions. 

In  1823  propositions  came  from  the  West  and  from  the 
South  for  some  closer  connection  of  the  several  fragments  of 
the  Associate  Reformed  Church.  Negotiations  upon  this  sub- 
ject were  carried  on  for  five  years,  and  a  convention  of  dele- 
gates from  the  three  Synods  was  held  at  Pittsburgh,  in  Sep- 
tember of  1827,  when  a  plan  for  the  reorganization  of  a 
General  Synod  was  agreed  upon.  The  Synods  did  not  ap- 
prove of  the  plan.  The  objections  were  the  great  extent  of 
territory  and  the  toil  and  expense  of  travel.  The  Synods, 
however,  resolved  to  recognize  each  other  as  sister  churches, 
and  to  reciprocate  Christian  and  ministerial  fellowship,  and 
to  accredit  testimonials  of  private  members,  probationers  and 
ministers  precisely  in  the  same  manner  as  if  they  were  con- 
nected in  one  ecclesiastical  organization. 

During  the  month  of  September,  1826,  William  Morgan, 
of  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  for  revelations  made  by  him,  was  abducted 
by  some  of  his  brother  Masons  and  taken,  by  relays  of  horses, 
through  Caledonia  and  Canandaigua,  and  back  through  Ro- 
chester and  Lockport  to  the  mouth  of  the  Niagara  river,  and 
there  put  into  a  boat  at  night  and  taken  out  into  Lake  Onta- 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED  SYNOD   OF   NEW  YORK.  6l 

rio  and  seen  no  more.  This  produced  a  very  great  outburst  of 
feeling  throughout  the  whole  country,  and  especially  in  west- 
ern New  York.  As  it  took  place  within  the  territory  of  the 
Synod  of  New  York  it  was  very  natural  that  the  subject  of 
Masonry  should  come  up  before  the  Synod  as  a  moral  ques- 
tion, and  it  did  in  1828,  when,  after  mature  deliberation,  it 
was  ''''Resolved^  That  the  multiplication  and  the  nature  of 
the  oaths  administered  in  the  Masonic  lodges  are  unwarranted 
in  the  word  of  God  and  demoralizing  in  their  tendency;  and 
that  our  church  members  be  and  are  hereby  enjoined  not  to 
connect  themselves  with  the  society;  and  any  who  may  have 
been  initiated  are  affectionately  recommended  to  withdraw 
from  any  further  connection  with  this  institution. ' '  Excite- 
ment continued  and  even  increased  in  both  church  and  State, 
so  that  in  1830  it  was  further  enacted  "That  this  Synod  will 
and  hereby  do  express  their  decided  disapprobation  of  the 
principles  and  usages  of  Free  Masonry,  as  far  as  known  to 
them,  and  warn  their  people  solemnly  and  affectionately 
against  all  connection  with  the  institution.  That  it  be  and 
hereby  is  enjoined  upon  church  sessions,  under  the  inspection 
of  this  Synod,  to  adopt  the  most  prudent  and  effective  meas- 
ures to  remove  the  contamination  from  our  churches."  A 
few  private  members  of  the  church  in  Delaware  county  asked 
the  privilege  of  retaining  a  silent  membership  in  Masonry,  by 
simply  paying  their  dues  without  meeting  in  the  lodge.  But 
the  Synod  in  1831  answered  "That  the  act  of  Synod,  adopted 
at  its  last  meeting,  requires  them  to  withdraw  entirely  from 
all  connection  with  and  subjection  to  the  society  of  Free  Ma- 
sons."  This  position  of  Synod  was  never  afterward  ques- 
tioned or  modified  or  in  any  way  disturbed. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  XlXth  century  the  use  of  ardent 
spirits  by  ministers  as  well  as  laymen  was  almost  universal. 
Good  men  had  not  yet  learned  that  there  might  be  a  criminal 
temptation  in  the  mere  use  of  intoxicating  drinks  as  a  bever- 
age. They  were  free  to  condemn  drunkenness  as  a  sin,  but 
they  supposed  that  its  sinfulness  arose  from  the  abuse  of  that 
which,  in  moderation,  was  lawful.  In  1828  the  Synod  of 
New  York  pronounced  intemperance  ' '  a  great  and  prevailing 
evil  in  our  country,"  and  directed  its  ministers  "to  preach 


62  HISTORY  OF 

against  this  vice,  and  that  they  and  their  elders  show  an  ex- 
ample of  the  strictest  temperance,  abstaining  in  this  matter 
even  from  the  appearance  of  evil."  The  custom  of  the  coun- 
try hitherto  had  been  to  have  the  bottle  always  upon  the 
dinner  table,  upon  all  special  occasions,  whether  it  was  at 
a  Synod  or  a  Presbytery,  at  a  marriage  or  a  funeral;  but  a 
public  opinion  began  now  to  grow  rapidly,  which  challenged 
the  propriety  and  correctness  of  such  a  custom,  and  under  its 
quickening  influence  the  Synod  in  1829  passed  the  following 
preamble  and  resolution:  "Whereas,  The  expression  of 
opinion,  corroborated  by  a  corresponding  practice,  has  here- 
tofore and  in  other  cases  been  useful  in  arresting  the  progress 
of  intemperance ;  therefore,  Resolved^  That  this  Synod  disap- 
prove of  the  use  of  spirituous  liquors  as  a  beverage,  and  that 
they  will  themselves  entirely  abstain  from  it  in  all  their 
meetings,  and  recommend  to  Presbyteries  and  Sessions  to  do 
the  same."  Temperance  societies  began  to  spring  up,  in 
which  the  members  pledged  themselves  at  first  to  a  modified 
and  restricted  use  of  liquors,  and  finally  to  a  total  abstinence. 
In  1833  the  Synod  passed  an  act  approving  of  "the  establish- 
ment of  Temperance  Societies  on  scriptural  principles,  and 
cordially  recommends  it  to  the  members  of  the  churches 
under  its  care  to  connect  themselves  with  such  societies." 
The  Synod  had  occasion  to  speak  upon  this  subject  at  differ- 
ent subsequent  times,  and  always  condemned  the  use  of 
spirituous  liquors  as  a  beverage. 

The  Synod  soon  realized  the  absolute  necessity  of  having 
some  periodical  under  its  control,  or  so  connected  with  it  that 
the  homes  of  the  families  of  the  church  could  be  easily 
reached  through  its  pages.  So  it  directed  the  establishment 
of  a  monthly  periodical,  to  be  called  the  Christian  Magazine^ 
to  be  published  in  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  and  to  be  edited  by  the 
Rev.  John  F.  McLaren.  This  magazine  was  very  creditably 
edited,  and  for  eleven  years  did  a  good  work  for  the  church, 
and  then  from  sundry  causes  it  was  suspended.  The  want 
of  such  an  organ  was  now  more  painfully  felt  after  having 
experienced  its  advantages;  so  in  1844  Synod  ordered  the  es- 
tablishment of  a  similar  magazine,  to  be  published  by  the 
Rev.   David   L.    Proudfit,   in  Newburgh,   N.   Y.,   and  to  be 


ASSOICATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   NEW  YORK.  63 

edited  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Forsyth.  This  was  the  Chris- 
tian Instructor^  which  was  transferred  to  the  Rev.  J.  B. 
Dales,  in  Philadelphia,  in  1846,  and  published  by  him  as  a 
private  enterprise.  In  1859  it  was  converted  into  a  weekly 
paper,  and  is  still  published  in  Philadelphia. 

In  1835  a  committee  was  appointed  "to  procure  a  version 
of  the  inspired  Book  of  Psalms,  so  as  to  embrace  a  greater 
variety  of  metres,  retaining  our  present  version,  with  such 
amendments  as,  in  a  few  instances,  will  render  the  metre 
more  harmonious  and  the  sense  equally  near  the  original." 
This  committee  did  more  or  less  for  twenty  years,  and  the 
fruits  of  its  labors  contributed  something  towards  the  im- 
proved version  subsequently  adopted  by  the  United  Presby- 
terian Church.  This  movement  was  not  properly  understood 
by  some  of  the  congregations,  and,  in  their  misapprehension, 
they  regarded  it  as  a  covert  effort  to  get  rid  of  the  old  Psalms, 
and  from  time  to  time  memorialized  Synod  upon  the  subject. 
Then  there  were  two  or  three  of  the  ministers  who  claimed 
the  privilege  of  conforming  with  the  usage  of  other  churches 
when  worshipping  with  them  under  certain  circumstances. 
These  two  facts  conspired  to  bring  the  subject  of  Psalmody 
repeatedly  before  the  Synod.  The  abstract  question  of  a 
Scripture  Psalmody  was  never  involved  in  any  of  the  debates. 
It  was  simply  the  degree  of  toleration  under  extraordinary 
circumstances,  and  the  methods  for  the  allaying  of  the  fears 
of  the  people.  The  following  final  action  was  unanimously 
taken  in  1842: 

Whereas,  The  subject  of  Psalmody  has  been  under  consideration  of 
Synod  for  several  years  past;  and  whereas,  fears  have  been  entertained  in 
some  parts  of  the  church  that  the  Synod  had  in  contemplation  to  lay  aside  a 
Scriptural  Psalmody  in  singing  the  praises  of  God  in  His  worship;  the  Synod 
consider  it  their  daty  to  declare  that  it  neither  has  been  nor  is  now  their 
wish  or  intention  to  lay  aside  the  version  now  in  use  in  singing  the  praise  of 
God  in  His  worship;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  version  of  the  Book  of  Psalms  now  in  use  among  us 
be  exclusively  used  in  singing  the  praise  of  God  in  His  public  and  private 
worship  in  all  the  congregations  under  the  care  of  Synod. 

Resolved,  That  when  our  ministers  preach  in  other  churches  they  be  and 
hereby  are  directed  to  adhere  closely  to  the  principle  of  a  Scripture  Psalm- 
ody, and  in  no  case  whatever  to  sing  compositions  merely  human. 

The  Synod  in  its  independent  career  soon  felt  hampered 


64  HISTORY   OF 

and  oppressed  from  a  lack  of  ministers,  and  realized  the  im- 
perative necessity  of  establishing  a  Theological  Seminary  to 
supply  the  demand.  Dr.  Alexander  Proudfit  and  the  Rev. 
Robert  Forrest  were  appointed  to  apply  to  the  General  As- 
sembly of  the  Presbyterian  Church  for  the  return  of  the  li- 
brary and  funds  of  the  old  Seminary,  which  had  been,  in 
1822,  transferred  to  Princeton.  This  they  did  in  1823,  but 
met  with  no  encouragement.  The  Synod  got  along  as  best 
it  could  until  1829,  when  it  was  unanimously  resolved  "that 
the  present  time  is  the  proper  time  for  making  a  beginning 
in  this  good  work."  A  course  of  study  was  adopted,  Dr. 
Joseph  McCarrell  was  chosen  professor,  Newburgh,  N.  Y., 
was  selected  as  the  location,  and  the  Seminary  was  opened 
in  the  autumn  with  three  students. 

In  1830  it  was  resolved  to  make  another  eflfort  towards  the 
restoration  of  the  library  and  funds.  A  memorial  was  drafted 
and  placed  in  the  hands  of  Dr.  McCarrell  and  John  Forsyth, 
Esq.,  to  be  presented  to  the  next  General  Assembly  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church.  It  was  also  determined  that  this  should 
be  the  last  application,  and  if  denied  should  be  followed  with 
a  suit  in  the  civil  courts.  In  May,  1831,  the  commissioners 
appeared  before  the  Assembly,  and  their  memorial  was  re- 
ferred to  a  special  committee,  which  brought  in  an  adverse 
report.  The  Assembly  did  not  adopt  this  report,  but  referred 
it  and  the  memorial  to  the  trustees  of  the  Theological  Semi- 
nary at  Princeton,  "for  the  purpose  of  investigating  the 
claims  of  the  memorialists,  and  if,  in  the  judgment  of  said 
trustees,  the  property  in  question  belongs  either  in  law  or 
equity  to  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York,  the 
said  trustees  be  hereby  advised  by  this  Assembly  to  deliver 
the  property  to  the  Synod  aforesaid." 

In  April,  1832,  the  commissioners  met  with  the  Board  of 
Trustees  at  Princeton,  but  the  Board  declined  to  decide  upon 
the  claim,  and  referred  it  back  to  the  approaching  Assembly 
with  their  advice  to  reject  it.  When  the  subject  came  up  in 
the  Assembly  of  1832,  Dr.  IMcCarrell  was  present  and  asked 
the  privilege  of  being  heard.  This  was  refused.  The  read- 
ing of  a  written  argument  prepared  by  him  was  then  offered 
and  also  declined.     This  Assembly  was  composed  almost  en- 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   NEW  YORK.  65 

tirely  of  different  members  from  that  of  the  previous  year, 
and  they  had  not  heard  a  single  word  in  defence  of  the  claim; 
yet  they  refused  to  hear  anything  upon  the  subject,  except 
the  report  of  a  select  committee  upon  the  opinion  or  paper  of 
the  trustees  of  the  Seminary  at  Princeton.  The  conclusion 
was  soon  attained,  and  it  was  a  positive  rejection.  This  shut 
the  door  against  all  further  friendly  negotiation,  and  suit  was 
commenced  at  once  in  the  Court  of  Chancery,  in  the  State  ot 
New  Jersey.  The  case  lingered,  like  all  such  suits,  until 
July,  1837,  when  the  Chancellor  decided  in  the  Synod's  favor 
on  every  point  presented  in  the  claim.  The  trustees  at 
Princeton  surrendered  at  once  the  library  and  the  fund, 
amounting  to  about  twenty-five  hundred  volumes  and  two 
thousand  dollars  of  money,  all  of  which  were  transferred  to 
Newburgh,  where  they  still  remain. 

The  Synod  having  no  Foreign  Missionary  enterprise  of 
its  own,  some  of  its  ministers  and  congregations  identified 
themselves  with  the  American  Board  of  Commissioners  for 
Foreign  Missions.  This  Board  always  dispensed  the  Lord's 
Supper  during  its  annual  meeting.  Participation  in  these 
communion  services  became  a  practical  question  with  those 
ministers  who  attended  its  meetings,  one  of  whom  was  a  cor- 
porate member  of  the  Board.  In  1838  the  Synod  instructed 
against  any  participation  on  these  occasions — not  because  it 
was  opposed  to  occasional  communion  under  proper  circum- 
stances, but  because  the  Board  made  all  the  arrangements  for 
these  communion  services,  thereby  implying  that  it  had  the 
right  to  administer  the  sealing  ordinances  of  the  church,  and 
because  of  the  miscellaneous  character  of  the  faith  and  prac- 
tice of  the  crowd  which  partook  of  the  Supper.  To  prevent 
all  misunderstanding  upon  this  subject,  and  to  show  that  the 
Synod  stood  firmly  upon  the  original  doctrine  and  general 
practice  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  the  following  re- 
solutions were  passed  at  this  same  meeting  : 

Resolved,  ist.  That  this  Synod  disapprove  of  the  principle  and  practice 
of  open  communion,  or  that  scheme  of  communion  which  would  obligate  or 
allow  the  ministers  or  members  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  to  unite 
in  sacramental  communion  with  other  churches,  and  the  ministers  and  mem- 
bers of  other  churches  to  unite  in  communion  with  ours,  on  the  ground 
merely  of  a  general  or  partial  agreement  of  opinion  respecting  the  doctrines 

5 


66  HISTORY  OF 

set  forth  in  our  Confession  of  Faith;  and  the  Synod  hereby  enjoin  all  the 
ministers  to  conform  to  the  constitutional  doctrine  of  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church. 

Resolved^  2d.  That  occasional  communion  may  be  granted  to  members  of 
other  churches,  only  in  extraordinary  cases,  on  application  made  to  the  re- 
spective sessions  where  such  cases  may  occur,  and  on  the  same  terms  on 
which  applicants  are  received  into  stated  communion. 

These  same  principles  were  reaffirmed  in  1855,  when  the 
Synod  united  with  the  General  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of 
the  West,  and  acquiesced  in  by  that  Synod. 

The  subject  of  foreign  missions  was  brought  under  special 
consideration  in  1834,  when  the  Synod  fully  recognized  it  to 
be  a  present  duty  to  engage  in  this  work,  and  directed  the 
congregations  to  make  it  a  matter  of  special  prayer  and  to 
take  measures  for  the  collection  of  funds.  In  1835  plans  of 
operation  were  definitely  formed  and  a  board  of  foreign  mis- 
sions appointed.  For  the  sake  of  economy  in  the  local  ex- 
penses on  the  foreign  field  it  was  agreed  to  cooperate  for  the 
present  with  the  "Western  Foreign  Missionary  Society"  of 
the  Presbyterian  Church,  located  at  Pittsburgh.  The  Rev. 
James  McEwen  and  wife  were  appointed  as  missionaries,  and 
sailed  in  November,  1835,  for  India.  They  located  at  Allaha- 
bad, and  met  with  immediate  success  in  the  gathering  of  a 
school  and  the  organization  of  a  congregation  among  those 
who  were  employed  by  the  government  and  could  speak  the 
English  language.  But  Mr.  McEwen's  constitution  was  not 
suited  to  the  climate,  and  his  health  completely  failed,  and 
in  a  little  over  a  year  he  had  to  abandon  the  country  and  the 
work.  The  Synod  remained  for  twelve  years  without  a  mis- 
sionary in  the  foreign  field.  Then,  in  December,  1850,  the 
Rev.  Gillian  Lansing  and  wife  sailed  to  join  the  Syrian  mis- 
sion of  the  General  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West, 
and  others  soon  afterwards  followed. 

The  anti-slavery  feeling,  which  had  been  gradually  and 
steadily  growing  in  our  country  during  the  first  part  of 
this  century,  soon  showed  itself  in  the  proceedings  of  the 
Synod.  Plain  people  cannot  comprehend  that  system  of 
ethics  which  divides  a  man's  identity,  and  warrants  him  to  do 
as  a  citizen  that  which  it  forbids  him  to  do  as  a  Christian. 
The  first  memorial  upon  the  subject  of  slavery  came  in  1837, 


AS.SOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   NEW   YORK.  67 

from  the  congregation  in  Philadelphia.  During  the  next  ten 
years  a  number  of  memorials  came  from  different  quarters. 
But  the  uniform  answer  of  the  Synod  was,  that  having  no 
connection  with  slavery  or  slave  territory,  there  was  no  call 
for  a  judicial  or  ecclesiastical  utterance.  This  refusal  to  speak 
did  not  satisfy  the  conscience  of  many  of  the  members  and 
ministers  of  the  Church.  Slavery,  in  its  relations  and  its 
spirit  of  extension,  had  become  a  practical  question  of  every 
day  life.  A  great  political  party,  known  as  the  "  Free  Soil," 
had  sprung  into  existence  in  opposition  to  it  ;  and  on  the 
other  hand  Congress  had  denied  the  right  of  petition  on  this 
subject,  and  had  passed  a  law  making  it  the  duty  of  the  north- 
ern man  to  help  to  return  the  fugitive  slave  to  his  southern 
master,  and  had  permitted  slavery  to  be  carried  into  territory 
hitherto  free.  The  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia,  moved  by 
these  aggressions,  memorialized  the  Synod  in  185 1  to  issue  a 
testimony  against  slavery  as  an  ' '  enormous  system  of  immoral- 
ity." This  memorial  was  referred  to  a  select  committee,  and 
in  due  time  Dr.  Robert  Proudfit  brought  in  a  majority  report 
and  the  Rev.  Andrew  Bower  a  minority  report.  The  major- 
ity report  recommended  that  no  testimony  be  issued,  and  the 
reasons  for  this  refusal  were  three,  which  may  be  epitomized 
thus:  First^  That  "special  testimonies  and  warnings  were 
only  issued  against  dangerous  errors  and  gross  immoralities 
prevailing  at  the  time,  and  within  the  bounds  of  our 
Church  j"  and  as  there  was  no  slavery  within  the  bounds  of 
our  Synod  a  testimony  was  not  called  for.  Second^  That 
slaver}^  is  an  institution  wholly  under  the  control  of  civil  au- 
thority; and  however  iniquitous  in  its  origin,  the  Church  can 
have  no  control  over  its  continuance,  and  has  neither  the 
right  nor  the  power  to  abolish  it,  the  kingdom  of  Christ 
being  not  of  this  world.  Third ^  That  this  is  in  accordance 
with  the  original  and  uniform  policy  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Church.  The  report  ended  with  a  protest  against 
any  insinuation  that  may  be  made  that  this  Synod  is  a  pro- 
slaver>^  Synod,  from  either  its  former  or  its  present  action  on 
this  subject.  This  report  was  adopted  by  a  vote  of  thirteen 
ministers  and  fourteeti  elders  in  its  favor,  and  eighteen  min- 
isters and  fo2ir  elders  in  the  negative.  The  question  of  slav- 
ery was  never  again  brought  to  issue  in  the  Synod. 


68  HISTORY  OF 

The  question  at  issue,  however,  was  not  in  reality  the  ab- 
stract right  or  wrong  of  slavery,  but  the  right  and  the  expe- 
diency of  issuing  testimonies  in  reference  to  civil  institutions. 
The  writer  was  present  at  this  meeting  and  voted  in  the  neg- 
ative, and  deems  it  but  just  to  say  that  every  one  of  these 
men  who  voted  for  the  report  was  conscientiously  and 
avowedly  opposed  to  slavery.  The  acknowledged  leader, 
who  spoke  two  hours  against  synodic  action,  was  one  of  the 
first  men  who  joined  in  the  organization  of  the  Republican 
party  for  the  avowed  purpose  of  antagonizing  slavery.  He 
did  so,  according  to  his  theory,  as  a  citizen  in  the  perform- 
ance of  a  civil  duty,  and  not  as  a  minister  in  the  discharge 
of  an  ecclesiatical  duty.  He  and  the  most  of  those  ministers 
who  joined  with  him  were  not  only  conservative  by  natural 
temperament,  but  were  now  old  men,  whose  habits  of 
thought  were  stereotyped.  They  had  learned  in  their  youth 
that  if  the  state  must  not  handle  things  purely  ecclesiastical, 
neither  must  the  church  deal  with  civil  institutions.  They 
held  that  Christians  are  in  duty  bound  to  leaven  the  world, 
and  that  they  must  do  this  not  in  the  discharge  of  their  eccle- 
siastical functions  which  are  for  those  that  are  within,  but  by 
carrying  their  educated  consciences  and  pure  morality  into 
the  discharge  of  their  duties  as  citizens.  Thus  they  thought 
and  labored  and  died.  They  were  good  men,  and  greatly 
beloved,  and  their  memory  is  still  fragrant. 

While  the  union  movement  between  the  Associate  and  the 
Associate  Reformed  Churches  was  slowly  progressing,  a  pro- 
position was  made  to  unite  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of 
New  York  and  the  Associate  Reformed  General  Synod  of  the 
West  into  one  organization.  The  difficulties  in  the  way  were 
very  few,  and  a  basis  was  prepared  by  the  Synod  in  1854  and 
overtured  to  the  Presbyteries.     This  basis  was: 

1.  That  the  Confession  of  Faith,  Larger  and  Shorter  Catechisms,  together 
with  the  Government  and  Discipline  of  the  Church  and  the  Directories  for 
Public  and  Private  Worship,  as  judicially  ratified  by  the  Associate  Reformed 
Synod  at  Greencastle,  May  31st,  1799,  shall  be  the  constitution  and  standards 
of  the  United  Church  in  all  matters  relating  to  doctrines,  governments,  dis- 
cipline and  worship,  with  this  exception — that  the  appellate  powers  of  the 
General  Synod  shall  be  confined  simply  to  doctrine. 

2.  That  the  institutions  and  property,  real  and  personal,  now  or  hereafter 
to  be  under  the  control  of  the  respective  Synods,  whether  the  legal  title  is 


ASSOCIATE    REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   NEW   YORK.  69 

vested  in  them,  or  trustees,  or  individuals,  shall  so  forever  continue  without 
any  interference  in  any  manner  by  the  General  Synod  or  any  other  particular 
Synod. 

Ever>'  Presbytery  reported  in  1855  in  favor  of  the  union  on 
this  basis,  A  committee  was  appointed  to  carry  this  action 
to  the  General  Synod,  then  in  session  at  Pittsburgh.  It  was 
there  accepted,  and  the  union  was  consummated  and  arrange- 
ments made  for  the  first  meeting  of  the  new  General  Synod, 
to  be  held  at  Allegheny  City,  Pa.,  on  the  28th  of  May,  1856. 
By  this  union  the  independence  of  the  Synod,  as  a  supreme 
judicatory,  was  terminated.  It  brought  to  the  new  General 
Synod  6  Presbyteries,  51  ministers,  7  licentiates,  48  congrega- 
tions, 3,850  families,  7,700  members,  a  theological  seminary 
and  several  missionaries  in  the  foreign  field. 


yo  HISTORY   OF 


The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West. 


THE  course  of  the  General  Synod,  in  reference  to  Commu- 
nion and  Psalmody,  was  regarded  as  a  grievance  by  the 
Synod  of  Scioto,  and  the  latter  proposed  in  1818  to  the  former 
that  it  should  hold  its  meetings  in  a  more  central  place  than 
Philadelphia,  that  it  might  be  more  fully  represented  ;  or 
failing  in  this,  that  it  should  divide  the  church  into  two  or 
more  independent  Synods.  The  General  Synod  refused  to  do 
either,  and  then  appointed  a  commission,  clothed  with  judi- 
cial power,  to  go  to  Lexington  and  settle  the  troubles  which 
were  then  afflicting  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky.  The  Synod 
of  Scioto,  at  its  meeting  in  October,  1818,  gave  an  expression 
of  its  feelings  by  enjoining  its  three  Presbyteries  to  report  to 
the  next  meeting  their  judgment  whether  the  Synod  should 
at  that  meeting  constitute  itself  into  an  independent  Synod. 
Guided  by  the  reports  of  its  Presbyteries  the  Synod  at  its  next 
meeting,  on  the  28th  of  Oct.,  1819,  adopted  the  following: 
'''■Resolved^  That  the  next  meeting  of  this  Synod  be  held  at 
*  *  &c. ,  and  that  this  Synod  will  then  constitute  itself  in- 
to an  independent  Synod,  declaring,  as  they  hereby  declare, 
their  strict  adherence  to  the  Confession  of  Faith,  Larger  and 
Shorter  Catechisms,  Form  of  Church  Government  and  Direc- 
tors for  Worship,  as  received  at  Greencastle  on  the  31st  of 
May,  1799,  and  uniformly  acted  on  as  then  understood  till  the 
year  181 1,  on  which  ground  they  will  reciprocate  ministerial 
and  Christian  conmmunion  with  the  other  branches  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church." 

The  Synod  held  its  next  meeting  at  Rush  Creek,  in  Fair- 
field Co.,  O. ,  where  on  the  27th  of  Ap.,  1820,  it  re-affirmed 
the  resolutions  of  the  previous  meeting  by  a  vote  of  seventeen 
ayes,  two  nays,  and  two  silent,  and  then  re-constituted  itself 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   THE    WEST.  71 

as  an  independent  Synod,  under  the  name  of  The  Associate 
Reformed  Synod  of  the  West.  It  contained  the  three  Presby- 
teries of  Monongahela,  Kentucky,  and  Ohio  ;  about  twenty 
ministers,  several  of  whom  were  superannuated  or  otherwise 
inefficient,  and  more  than  twice  as  many  congregations, 
many  of  which  were  very  small.  The  Presbytery  of  Ken- 
tucky had  indeed  but  little  more  than  a  nominal  existence. 
From  1805  to  1810,  the  counties  lying  around  Lexington  con- 
stituted not  only  the  garden  spot  of  Kentucky  but  also  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church.  This  region  gave  more  pro- 
mise of  a  rich  future  to  the  church  than  any  other  section  of 
the  whole  country.  The  congregations  were  comparatively 
numerous  ;  the  Academy  of  Kentucky  was  instituted,  and  the 
State  endowed  it  with  four  thousand  five  hundred  acres  of 
land  ;  a  majority  of  the  professors  in  Transylvania  University 
were  ministers  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  ;  even  sub- 
scriptions were  offered  for  the  founding  of  a  western  Theolo- 
gical Seminary  at  Lexington,  which  it  was  expected  would 
rival  the  one  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason  ;  and  such  pul- 
pit orators  as  Rankin,  Bishop,  and  McCord  were  very  scarce 
anywhere.  But  unhappily  brotherly  love  ceased  to  flourish 
among  the  ministers,  and  jealousies  and  dissensions  entered 
the  Presbytery.  A  blight  soon  passed  over  the  fair  prospect, 
and  when  the  Synod  of  the  West  was  organized,  the  Aca- 
demy of  Kentucky  was  closed  and  its  lands  all  lost,  the 
University  of  Transylvania  was  without  an  Associate  Re- 
formed professor,  the  congregations  shrunk  to  skeletons,  and 
William  H.  Rainey  was  the  only  settled  pastor  and  efficient 
minister  in  the  Presbytery.  All  this  from  pure  mismanage- 
ment, for  the  question  of  slavery  had  not  yet  been  started  to  vex 
the  churches,  and  when  it  was,  a  few  years  later,  all  of  Ken- 
tucky became  lost  to  the  Synod. 

After  assuming  the  responsibilities  of  an  independent  body 
the  members  of  the  Synod  soon  realized  that  the  field  for  cul- 
tivation was  very  large  and  that  the  laborers  were  very  few. 
They  commenced  at  once  to  take  measures  for  the  training  of 
ministers,  and  on  the  28th  of  May,  1825,  resolved  to  establish 
a  theological  seminary  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  selected  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Kerr,  of  St.  Clair  congregation,  as  its  first  pro- 


72  HISTORY   OF 

fessor.  This  institution  was  opened  in  December,  of  the  same 
year,  and  still  exists,  and  has  educated  more  than  seven  hun- 
dred young  men  for  the  Christian  ministry.  A  second  theo- 
logical seminary  was  instituted  in  1839,  at  Oxford,  O.,  over 
which  the  Rev.  Joseph  Claybaugh  was  called  to  preside. 

The  Synod  also  urged  upon  the  Presbyteries  the  necessity 
of  establishing  classical  schools  or  academies  within  their 
bounds,  that  they  might  become  feeders  to  the  Seminary  by 
giving  the  facilities  for  the  preparator}^  education.  Quite  a 
number  of  such  schools  were  organized  and  conducted  with 
efficiency  and  success.  As  an  additional  inducement  and 
help,  2^  young  men'' s  fiuid  ^2.?>  established  in  1826  to  aid  indi- 
gent and  pious  young  men  in  preparing  for  the  ministry. 
From  it  young  men  could  borrow  to  a  certain  amount  and 
return  the  principal  within  five  years,  free  of  interest.  It  was 
the  best  the  church  could  then  afford,  and  it  answered  its  pur- 
pose, for  it  helped  many  students  into  the  ministry,  without 
doing  anything  towards  pauperizing  them  in  fact  or  in  spirit. 

The  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio  found  some  difficulty  in  de- 
termining whether  the  organization  of  a  congregation  was 
complete  without  <f^<a;^<9«i-,  and  referred  the  question  in  1824 
to  the  Synod.  The  matter  was  kept  under  consideration  for 
a  number  of  years,  and  then  indefinitely  postponed.  The 
prevailing  opinion  in  Synod  seemed  to  be  that,  as  every  lower 
office  is  included  in  those  above,  and  as  the  Apostles  did  not 
evolve  the  office  of  deacon  till  the  ministrations  to  the  poor 
became  so  burdensome  as  to  require  a  distinct  class  of  men  to 
conduct  them,  so  every  congregation  should  be  left  to  deter- 
mine for  itself  when  it  may  become  necessary  to  evolve  the 
office  of  deacon  out  of  the  office  of  ruling  elder,  and  that  the 
condition  of  one  congregation  should  not  be  a  law  unto  an- 
other. 

There  was  a  time  when  most  of  the  earnest,  active  anti- 
slavery  sentiment  in  the  country  existed  in  the  slaveholding 
States.  Those  who  gave  the  original  impulse  to  the  anti- 
slavery  sentiment  in  the  church  of  the  West,  were  generally 
those  who  had  emigrated  from  the  South.  At  a  meeting  of 
the  Synod  at  Chillicothe,  O.,  in  May,  1826,  a  memorial  upon 
the  subject  of  slavery  came  from  the  congregation  of  Hope- 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   THE   WEST.  73 

well,  Preble  Co. ,  O. ,  a  congregation  which  came  as  a  colony 
from  South  Carolina.  This  started  a  series  of  discussions, 
which  passed  from  synod  to  synod,  until,  at  a  meeting  in 
Chillicothe  again  in  1830,  the  following  was  adopted: 

1.  Resolved,  That  the  religion  of  Jesus  Christ  requires  that  involuntary 
slavery  should  be  removed  from  the  church  as  soon  as  an  opportunity  in  the 
providence  of  God  is  offered  to  slave  ov^Tiers  for  the  liberation  of  their 
slaves. 

2.  Resolved,  That  when  there  are  no  regulations  of  the  State  to  prohibit 
it,  when  provision  can  be  made  for  the  support  of  the  freedmen,  when  they 
can  be  placed  in  circumstances  to  support  the  rank,  enjoy  the  rights  and 
discharge  the  duties  of  freedmen,  it  shall  be  considered  that  such  an  oppor- 
tunity is  afforded  in  the  providence  of  God. 

3.  Resolved,  That  the  Synod  will,  as  it  hereby  does,  recommend  it  to  all 
its  members  to  aid  in  placing  the  slaves  which  are  within  the  jurisdiction 
of  this  Synod  in  the  possession  of  their  rights  as  freedmen;  and  that  it  be 
recommended  to  them  especially  to  take  up  annual  collections  to  aid  the 
funds  of  the  American  society  for  colonizing  the  free  people  of  color  in  the 
United  States. 

4.  Resolved,  That  the  practice  of  buying  or  selling  slaves  for  gain  by  any 
member  of  this  church  be  disapproved,  and  that  slave  owners  under  the 
jurisdiction  of  the  Synod  be,  as  they  hereby  are,  forbidden  all  aggravations 
of  the  evils  of  slavery  by  violating  the  ties  of  nature,  the  separation  of  hus- 
band and  wife,  parents  and  children,  or  by  cruel  or  unkind  treatment;  and 
that  they  shall  not  only  treat  them  well,  but  also  instruct  them  in  useful 
knowledge  and  the  principles  of  the  Christian  religion,  and  in  all  respects 
treat  them  as  enjoined  upon  masters  towards  their  servants  by  the  apostles 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

The  Synod  in  1838  explained  the  second  resolution  by  de- 
claring, ' '  That  an  opportunity  in  the  providence  of  God  shall 
be  considered  as  afforded,  when  the  master  can  emancipate 
his  slave  and  place  him  in  circumstances  where  he  shall  not 
be  liable  to  be  immediately  sold  into  bondage."  And  in  1839 
the  following  preamble  and  resolution  were  passed  in  refer- 
ence to  the  third  resolution:  "As  there  are  two  conflicting 
societies  operating  in  the  community — the  Colonization  and 
the  Anti-Slavery  Societies — and  as  this  Synod  has  recom- 
mended the  former  to  the  patronage  of  the  churches  under  its 
care,  and  as  it  is  desirable  the  Synod  should  keep  clear  of  this 
excitement,  and  as  the  church  should  not  be  involved  by  the 
operation  of  bodies  over  which  it  has  no  control ;  therefore, 
Resolved,,  That  this  Synod  withdraws  the  recommendation 
formerly  given  to  the  Colonization  Society. ' ' 


74  HISTORY   OF 

Public  opinion  in  later  days  regarded  the  resolutions  of 
1830  as  a  very  mild  condemnation  of  slavery,  while  they  were 
in  reality  a  very  advanced  attainment  upon  this  subject,  and 
they  served  their  purpose  so  well  that  the  growing  anti-slavery 
sentiment  of  the  church  never  sought  to  disturb  them,  giving 
a  good  illustration  of  the  fact  that  a  mild  law  faithfully  exe- 
cuted is  always  more  efficacious  for  good  than  a  severer  law 
imperfectly  enforced.  The  Synod  was  in  earnest,  and  did 
design  to  execute  all  that  it  had  ordained,  for  in  1832  it  issued 
a  Letter  of  Warning,  and  spoke  of  these  resolutions  thus: 

Now,  brethren,  it  is  expected  that  the  foregoing  resolutions  will  not  be  as 
a  dead  letter,  but  be  respected  and  reduced  to  practice.  It  is  expected  that 
Sessions  and  Presbj'teries  will  see  them  enforced.  It  is  expected  that  slave 
owners  in  the  church  will  make  conscience  of  seeking  and  improving  oppor- 
tunities, and  the  very  first  which  offer,  of  liberating  their  slaves.  It  is  ex- 
pected that  in  the  meantime  they  will  give  satisfactory  evidence  to  their 
respective  Sessions  that  they  do  consider  slavery  a  moral  evil,  and  that  they 
do  truly  desire  to  get  rid  of  it  as  soon  as  they  can,  and  that  it  is  their  inten- 
tion to  embrace  the  first  opportunity  which  God  in  His  providence  shall  give 
them  for  so  doing.  And  it  is  expected  of  Sessions  that  they  will  require  this 
of  slave-owning  church  members  or  applicants,  etc. 

The  abduction  of  Morgan  in  1826  produced  a  very  sudden 
and  very  violent  anti-Masonic  excitement  throughout  the 
whole  land,  which  made  its  appearance  in  Synod  in  1829, 
through  the  instrumentality  of  the  Presbytery  of  Mononga- 
hela,  and  when  it  did  come  it  came  perhaps  fully  as  much  in 
the  interest  of  a  political  party,  then  forming,  as  in  vindica- 
tion and  furtherance  of  the  truth.  The  Synod  did  not  dis- 
cuss the  abstract  question  of  Masonry,  but  instituted  an 
inquiry  to  see  how  far  the  church  was  contaminated  with  it; 
and  finding  that  the  Synod  was  virtually  free  from  it, 
agreed,  upon  the  motion  of  Messrs.  Kerr  and  Porter,  that, 
"Whereas,  A  reference  from  the  Presbytery  of  Monon- 
gahela,  relative  to  Masonry,  has  been  brought  before  this 
Synod;  and  whereas^  it  is  believed  that  the  practice  of  Free 
Masonry  is  contrary  to  the  Standards  of  this  Church;  and 
whereas^  on  inquiry  being  made,  it  has  been  ascertained  that 
the  several  ministers  of  this  Synod  are  in  the  practice  of  de- 
taining from  sealing  ordinances  those  who  take  unlawful 
oaths;  therefore.  Resolved^  That  the  Synod  take  no  further 
notice  of  the  subject." 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED  SYNOD  OF  THE  WEST.  75 

The  subject  of  secret  societies  in  a  more  general  form  came 
before  the  General  Synod  at  its  meeting  in  Pittsburgh  in 
1846,  when  the  following  action  was  taken: 

1.  Whereas,  The  society  of  Odd  Fellows  have  been  and  still  are  making 
special  efforts  to  revive  and  secure  popular  favor  to  the  principle  of  secret 
associations,  and  especially  to  give  the  appearance  of  morality  and  religion 
by  the  names  of  ministers  of  the  gospel ;  and  whereas,  we  regard  the  princi- 
ple itself  as  inconsistent  with  the  character  of  true  Christianity  and  highly 
dangerous  to  our  civil  institutions  ;  therefore.  Resolved,  That  this  Synod  do 
hereby  express  its  disapprobation  of  said  society,  and  warn  our  people  that 
persistence  in  a  connection  with  it  must  subject  such  as  do  so  to  the  disci- 
pline of  the  church. 

2.  Whereas,  The  order  of  the  Sons  of  Temperance,  though  having  a 
more  simple  object,  and  free  from  oaths,  is  nevertheless  organized  on  the 
principle  of  secret  associations,  thereby  sanctioning  it ;  therefore.  Resolved, 
That,  in  the  judgment  of  this  Synod,  it  is  the  duty  of  professing  Christians 
to  stand  aloof  from  its  entanglements,  and  not  to  give  it  their  sanction  or 
encouragement. 

The  custom  of  the  country  in  the  early  part  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  not  only  permitted  the  use  of  spirituous  liquors 
as  a  beverage,  but  almost  exacted  it  as  a  token  of  hospitality. 
Friendship  would  not  withhold  the  cup,  and  would  scarcely 
even  allow  its  rejection.  Even  ministers  in  the  performance 
of  their  pastoral  duties  were  expected  to  drink,  and  this  was 
the  secret  of  the  fall  of  not  a  few  of  them.  Against  all  this 
the  conscience  of  good  men  finally  revolted,  and  a  great  tem- 
perance movement  was  inaugurated.  The  Synod  gave  its 
first  deliverance  upon  this  subject  in  1834  in  the  passage  of 
the  following  resolutions: 

1.  That  the  practice  of  using  ardent  spirit  as  a  drink,  or  mode  of  express- 
ing our  hospitality  to  a  friend,  is  calculated  to  do  much  injury  to  society, 
and,  in  view  of  the  benevolent  effort  now  in  progress  for  the  suppression  of 
intemperance,  is  calculated  to  expose  the  Christian  character  to  reproach  ; 
and,  therefore,  that  it  be  recommended  to  all  the  members  of  the  chxrrches 
under  our  care  to  abstain  from  it. 

2.  That  while  it  is  not  maintained  that  the  manufacture  and  vending  of 
ardent  spirits  are,  in  themselves,  immoral,  yet,  in  consideration  of  the  very 
general  abuse  of  the  article,  it  is  recommended  to  all  under  our  care  to  ab- 
stain from  both. 

3.  That  whilst  it  is  the  province  of  the  ordinances  of  the  gospel  alone, 
under  the  Divine  blessing,  to  produce  and  promote  temperance  as  a  Chris- 
tian grace,  and  whilst  it  is  left  to  the  discretion  of  individuals  to  promote 
the  cause  of  temperance  as  a  social  virtue  in  that  mode  which  to  them  may 
appear  most  efficacious,  yet  a  temperance  society,  established  upon  proper 


76  HISTORY   OF 

principles,  is  well  calculated  to  promote  this  latter  kind  of  temperance,  and 
is  not  liable  to  any  serious  objections. 

These  same  views  were  re-affirmed  by  the  General  Synod 
in  1841,  in  language  more  positive  and  emphatic. 

Scarcity  of  men  and  money  compelled  the  Synod  to  culti- 
vate its  missionary  fields  for  a  few  years  just  as  it  could. 
But  an  increase  of  resources  called  for  some  system  which 
would  secure  greater  efficiency.  The  discussion  of  plans  be- 
gan as  early  as  1829,  ^^^  i^  ^^33  the  Synod  resolved  to  leave 
the  disposal  of  all  licentiates  and  unsettled  ministers  to  a 
Committee  of  Missions  to  be  composed  of  a  minister  and  an 
elder  from  each  Presbytery,  to  serve  for  seven  years,  and  one- 
seventh  of  them  to  be  chosen  every  year,  and  to  sit  during 
the  meeting  of  the  Synod.  When  the  Synod  was  converted 
into  a  General  Synod,  composed  of  delegates  from  the  Pres- 
byteries, the  long  term  of  service  could  not  be  maintained, 
and  then  the  committee  was  changed  to  one  from  each 
Presbytery  of  the  delegates  present  that  year.  It  thus  con- 
tinued until  the  union  of  1858,  and  the  system  was  then 
transferred  to  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 

In  the  constitution  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  pro- 
vision was  made  for  the  emitting  of  occasional  testimonies 
from  time  to  time  to  protect  the  doctrinal  purity  and  practi- 
cal piety  of  the  church  from  prevailing  errors  and  immorali- 
ties. In  accordance  with  this  the  Synod  at  its  meeting  in 
Cadiz,  O.,  in  1825,  prepared  and  issued  an  exhaustive  and 
elaborate  testimony  against  "Hopkinsian,  Socinian  and 
semi-Socinian  errors  as  prevalent  in  the  present  day." 
Other  testimonies  of  this  kind  were  issued  by  the  Synod  in 
1832:  one  in  reference  to  the  Sabbath;  another  upon  revi- 
vals as  conducted  with  the  anxious-bench  machinery;  another 
upon  evil  speaking,  and  another  upon  slavery;  and  still 
another  in  1853  "^n  the  neglected  duty  of  honoring  the 
Lord  with  our  substance."  This  last  is  seasonable  at  all 
times  and  concludes  thus: 

The  following  opinions  are  of  bad  practical  tendency,  and  as  such  we 
condemn  them,  and  testify  against  them  : 

I.  That  the  common  education  of  children  and  domestics  may  be  ne- 
glected without  sin,  and  that  we  are  under  no  obligation  to  assist  in  the 
education  of  other  children  than  our  own. 


ASSOCIATE    REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   THE   WEST.  "^^ 

2.  That  we  are  not  obliged  to  assist  the  poor,  unless  they  are  church 
members  and  worthy  persons. 

3.  That  we  are  not  bound  to  assist  with  our  substance  in  relieving  the 
oppressed,  unless  we  personally  assisted  in  inflicting  the  oppression. 

4.  That  it  is  either  sinful  or  dangerous  to  assist  societies  which  are  moral 
and  benevolent  in  their  character  and  operations. 

5.  That  Christians  may  discharge  all  their  duties  and  yet  neglect  to  sup- 
port the  Gospel  as  God  has  prospered  them. 

6.  That  men  have  no  rule  but  their  own  fancy  and  pleasure  to  guide  them 
in  supporting  the  Gospel  and  aiding  benevolent  societies. 

After  years  of  deliberation  the  Synod  resolved,  in  1837, 
that  it  was  their  present  duty  to  engage  in  the  foreign  mis- 
sionary work,  and  accepted  Mr.  Wilson  Blain's  offer  to  join 
Mr.  McEwen,  of  the  New  York  Synod,  in  India.  Before 
Mr.  Blain  was  ready  to  depart,  Mr.  McBwen  was  compelled 
by  ill  health  to  return.  Other  things  intervened,  and  for  the 
time  being  the  enterprise  was  abandoned. 

In  1841  the  General  Synod  "resolved  that  the  ministers  be 
requested,  as  speedily  as  possible,  to  take  up  collections  to  be 
appropriated  to  the  support  of  Mr.  Campbell,  which  collec- 
tions shall  be  forwarded  to  the  treasurer  of  Synod,  to  be  paid 
over  by  him  to  the  treasurer  of  the  Mercer  County  Missionary 
Society."  Denominational  Missionary  Boards  were  not  yet 
established,  and  nearly  all  the  missionary  work  done  outside 
the  American  Board  was  done  through  the  agency  of  local 
voluntary  societies.  This  Mercer  County  Society  was  com- 
posed of  members  of  the  Presbyterian,  the  Associate,  the  As- 
sociate Reformed  and  the  Covenanter  Churches,  and  had  sent 
out,  in  Nov.,  1835,  the  Rev.  James  R.  Campbell,  of  the  Re- 
formed Presbyterian  Church.  He  and  Mr.  McEwen  sailed 
together.  This  was  only  a  temporary  assistance  to  meet  an 
emergency,  for  in  1842  the  General  Synod  "resolved  that  we 
will  endeavor  in  reliance  on  the  Great  Head  of  the  Church  to 
send  out  at  least  one  missionary  to  Palestine  by  the  first  of 
Oct.,  1844."  In  the  winter  of  1844-45  the  Rev.  James  Bar- 
nett  and  his  brother-in-law,  J.  G.  Paulding,  M.  D.,  sailed  for 
Syria,  and  located  in  Damascus.  The  Synod  continued 
actively  and  successfully  in  this  foreign  work. 

The  baptism  of  adopted  children  gave  to  the  Synod  some 
trouble,  but  after  much  time  spent  in  its  discussion  the  fol- 
lowing preamble  and  resolution  were  adopted  in  1837: 


78  HISTORY   OF 

Whereas,  In  relation  to  the  principle  embraced  in  the  resolution  ap- 
pended to  the  report  under  consideration,  viz :  '  ^Resolved,  That  where  an 
infant  child  is  taken  out  of  the  world  and  adopted  into  a  family,  one  of 
whose  heads  is  a  member,  or  both  of  whose  heads  are  members  of  the  Chris- 
tian Church,  it  is  entitled  to  baptism,"  and  the  practice  founded  on  it,  there 
has  existed  from  the  days  of  the  Reformation  some  diversity  of  opinion  in 
the  church ;  and  whereas.  It  is  a  subject  which  calls  for  the  exercise  of 
Christian  forbearance ;  therefore. 

Resolved,  That  it  be  left  to  the  discretion  of  Sessions  to  act  in  all  such 
cases  as  may  seem  to  be  most  conducive  to  Christian  edification. 

In  1836  the  Synod  accepted  an  invitation  from  the  Re- 
formed Presbyterian  Church  to  meet  in  convention,  and  see 
if  the  Reformed  Churches  in  Amsrica  could  agree  to  unite 
and  form  but  one  organization.  It  sent  delegates  to  the  first 
convention  held  for  this  purpose  in  1838,  in  Pittsburgh,  and 
to  every  subsequent  convention  until  the  union  of  1858  was 
consummated. 

The  Synod  of  the  West  had  become  unwieldly  because  of 
the  extent  of  its  territory,  and  sought  relief  in  1839  by  the 
adoption  of  the  following  expedient: 

1.  That  this  Synod  be  divided  into  two  Synods,  and  a  General  Synod  (by 
delegation)  be  organized. 

2.  That  there  be  two  sub-Synods,  the  one  composed  of  the  Lake,  Big 
Spring,  Monongahela,  Wheeling,  Second  Ohio  and  Mansfield  Presbyteries  ; 
the  other  composed  of  the  Chillicothe,  First  Ohio,  Springfield  and  Indiana 
Presbyteries. 

3.  That  the  former  of  these  sub-Synods  be  denominated  the  First  Associate 
Reformed  Synod  of  the  West ;  and  the  other  the  Second  Associate  Reformed 
Synod  of  the  West. 

4.  That  the  General  Synod  shall  have  no  appellate  jurisdiction  except  in 
cases  of  doctrine. 

5.  That  the  General  Synod  in  all  matters  overtured  to  the  Presbyteries 
shall  be  governed  in  their  decision  by  the  majority  of  an  entire  vote  of  the 
church  thus  obtained. 

6.  That  the  General  Synod  shall  have  its  first  meeting  at  New  Concord, 
O.,  on  the  second  Wednesday  of  June,  1S41,  and  be  opened  with  a  sermon 
by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Claybaugh. 

7.  That  the  sub-Synods,  after  their  organization,  shall  each  have  the  ex- 
clusive direction  of  the  Seminary  within  its  bounds. 

8.  That  a  committee  of  three  be  appointed  to  effect  an  equal  division  of 
the  funds  and  property  held  by  Synod  for  Seminary  purposes  as  soon  as 
practicable. 

In  1852  all  the  territory  belonging  to  the  Second  Synod, 
lying  west  of  the  State  of  Indiana,  was  erected  into  a  sub- 
Synod,  denominated  the  Synod  of  Illinois. 


ASSOCIATE   REFORMED   SYNOD   OF   THE   WEST.  79 

The  General  Synod  had  several  ministers  and  congrega- 
tions in  the  Territory  of  Oregon,  and  so  had  the  Associate 
Synod.  These  ministers  believed  that  they  could  serve  Christ 
with  more  efficiency  if  united  into  one  body.  To  this  the 
General  Synod  not  only  cordially  consented,  but  directed  a 
collection  to  be  taken  up  in  all  its  congregations  in  aid  of 
"our  brethren  in  Oregon."  This  union  took  place  in  1852, 
when  the  "United  Presbytery  of  Oregon"  was  organized,  and 
remained  without  any  immediate  and  direct  connection  with 
the  eastern  churches  until  the  union  of  1858  made  them  all 
one. 

The  constitution  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  had 
always  confined  the  right  of  voting  for  a  pastor  to  the  77iale 
members.  The  justice  of  this  restriction  was  often  called  in 
question,  and  so  the  whole  matter  of  voting  was  sent  down  in 
overture  to  the  Presbyteries.  In  accordance  with  the  answers 
returned  the  following  action  was  taken  in  1853: 

Resolved,  That  Synod  affirm  that  the  right  of  votiug  for  pastors  is  now  ex- 
tended to  all  communing  members  in  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 

Resolved,  That  in  accordance  with  the  vote  of  the  several  Presbyteries, 
the  extension  of  the  privilege  of  voting  in  the  temporalities  of  the  church, 
to  pew-holders,  and  those  supporting  the  ordinances,  be  left  discretionary 
with  the  Sessions. 

While  the  matter  of  union  with  the  Associate  Church  was 
progressing  slowly,  the  Synods  of  New  York  and  of  the  West 
of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  concluded  that  it  would  be 
wise  and  expedient  to  try  a  closer  union  among  themselves. 
After  two  or  three  interchanges  of  commissioners  a  union  was 
effected  in  May,  1855,  upon  the  simple  constitution  of  the  As- 
sociate Reformed  Church  as  originally  adopted  in  1799,  and 
the  first  meeting  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Church  of  North  America  convened  in  Allegheny 
City,  Pa.,  on  the  28th  of  May,  1856.  This  organization  con- 
tinued only  three  years,  during  which  time  it  consummated 
a  union  with  the  Associate  Synod,  and  in  1858  was  merged 
into  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  North  America, 
bringing  about  210  ministers,  30  probationers,  360  congrega- 
tions and  30,000  communicants  as  its  contribution  to  the  new 
organization. 


8o  HISTORY  OF 


The  United  Presbyterian  Church  of 
North  America. 


IN  1836  the  Rev.  Hugh  McMillan,  chairman  of  a  committee 
of  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  (N.  S.),  sent  a  com- 
munication to  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West, 
proposing  a  convention  of  delegates  from  the  Scottish  Presby- 
terian Churches  to  see  if  a  closer  union  could  be  effected.  The 
Synod  accepted  the  invitation  and  passed  the  following  reso- 
lutions: 

1.  That  the  union  of  the  different  branches  of  the  Christian  church  on 
Scriptural  principles  is  an  object  worthy  of  the  attention,  the  prayers  and 
the  most  vigorous  efforts  of  this  Synod. 

2.  That  the  above  object  may,  in  the  judgment  of  this  Synod,  be  greatly 
subserved  by  a  convention  of  the  more  orthodox  churches. 

3.  That  this  Synod  is  ready  to  confer  by  delegation  with  other  orthodox 
churches  on  the  great  subject  of  ecclesiastical  union  at  any  time  and  place 
that  may  be  mutually  agreed  on. 

Similar  invitations  were  sent  to  the  other  Synods  and  re- 
sulted in  a  convention,  which  assembled  in  Pittsburgh,  Oct. 
17,  1838.  The  delegates  in  attendance  were  Dr.  J.  T.  Pressly, 
the  Rev.  Joseph  R.  Kerr  and  the  Rev.  William  Wallace,  from 
the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West;  Dr.  JohnMcJim- 
sey,  the  Rev.  Donald  C.  McLaren  and  Elder  William  McKee, 
from  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York;  and  Dr. 
John  Black,  the  Rev.  William  Wilson  and  Elder  Daniel 
McMillan,  from  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Synod  (N.  S.) 
Several  days  were  spent  in  fraternal  conference  and  in  de- 
votional exercises.  Their  work  was  a  preparatory  work,  and 
special  consideration  was  given  to  the  course  which  should 
be  pursued  while  yet  in  a  divided  state  to  promote  a  nearer 
approximation  preparatory  to  organic  union.  After  a  full 
and  free  interchange  of  views  it  was 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  8l 

Resolved,  As  the  judgment  of  this  Convention  that  the  ministers  of  the 
churches  here  represented  may  interchange  pulpits  ;  and  it  is  recommended 
to  both  ministers  and  people  to  unite,  as  often  as  opportunity  offers,  in  meet- 
ings for  prayer  and  other  religious  exercises. 

An  address  was  also  prepared  to  the  Christian  public  on  the 
subject  of  the  union  of  the  churches,  and  an  invitation  to 
another  convention  was  given  to  all  those  churches  which  are 
agreed  in  adhering  to  a  Scriptural  Psalmody. 

A  second  convention  assembled  in  Philadelphia  on  the  29th 
of  Sept.,  1839,  and  was  composed  of  delegates  from  the  same 
three  Synods.  On  this  occasion  there  was  a  free  interchange 
of  views  on  those  subjects  on  which  it  had  been  supposed  that 
there  existed  some  diversity  of  opinion  which  might  present 
some  difficulty  in  the  way  of  union,  such  as  Psalmody,  com- 
munion, slavery,  testimony-bearing  and  covenanting.  To 
the  surprise  of  some  of  the  brethren  it  was  found  that  there 
existed  a  remarkable  degree  of  harmony.  Provision  was  made 
for  another  convention,  and  a  special  invitation  was  given  to 
the  Associate  Synod.     This  third  convention  met  in  May, 

1841,  and  was  attended  only  by  delegates  from  the  churches 
previously  represented.  It  continued  in  the  same  line  of 
hunting  for  hindrances  as  its  predecessors  had  done. 

The  fourth  convention  convened  in  Philadelphia  in  May, 

1842,  when  delegates  also  appeared  from  the  Associate  Synod. 

For  the  benefit  of  the  new  comers  the  matter  of  differences 

and  hindrances  was  again  gone  over,  and  the  result  was  the 

unanimous  adoption  of  the  following: 

Resolved,  That,  having  discussed  the  prominent  subjects  upon  which  a 
diversity  of  sentiment  was  apprehended  to  exist,  it  appears  there  is  such  a 
degree  of  unanimity  on  these  subjects  that  there  is  encouragement  for  the 
Convention  to  take  further  measures  towards  a  visible  ecclesiastical  union. 

By  this  time  it  became  very  evident  that  there  was  no 
greater  difference  in  the  views  of  the  delegates  of  the  different 
churches  than  existed  among  the  ministers  of  any  one  of 
them,  and  that  no  church  would,  in  the  event  of  a  union,  be 
called  upon  to  tolerate  in  those  from  the  other  churches  any 
thing  more  than  was  already  tolerated  in  its  own.  There  was 
virtually  no  difference  in  dogma,  and  the  great  difficulty 
hinged  upon  the  modes  of  expression  and  the  methods  of  ex- 
hibition. The  Associate  Reformed  Church  at  its  organiza- 
6 


82  HISTORY  OF 

tioii  altered  those  portions  of  the  Confession  of  Faith  which 
define  the  powers  of  the  civil  magistrate  circa  sacra^  so  as  to 
make  them  express  clearly  the  belief  of  the  church.  The 
Associate  and  the  Reformed  Churches  retained  the  original 
text  in  their  Confession  of  Faith,  and  then  in  their  Testimony 
explained  the  sense  in  which  they  received  it.  Yet  all  the 
churches  held  a  common  doctrine,  and  only  differed  as  to 
where  and  how  they  should  proclaim  it.  The  Associate  Re- 
formed Church  held  the  Confession  of  Faith  and  Catechisms, 
Presbyterial  form  of  Church  Government  and  Directory  of 
Worship  as  her  fixed  testimony^  and  also  promised  to  emit 
occasional  testimonies  in  defence  of  the  truth  and  in  oppo- 
sition to  error,  as  circumstances  might  require.  The  other 
churches  added  to  the  Confession  of  Faith  a  Narrative  and 
Judicial  Testimony  as  being  of  equal  authority.  All  the 
churches  held  the  doctrine  in  common  that  the  Church  must 
bear  witness  for  the  truth  and  against  error.  The  difference 
consisted  in  the  manner  or  the  method.  As  no  principle  was 
involved,  some  compromise  in  the  matter  of  preference  must 
be  made,  and  it  was  finally  agreed,  in  1844: 

That,  in  the  judgment  of  this  convention,  a  union  between  the  bodies 
here  represented  can  be  eflFected  only  by  an  alteration  of  the  Westminster 
Confession  of  Faith,  in  the  20th,  23d  and  31st  chapters,  and  the  adoption  of 
a  Judicial  Testimony  against  prevailing  and  dangerous  errors  of  the  present 
time ;  and,  therefore,  that  these  matters  be  referred  to  the  Supreme  Judica- 
tories of  our  respective  denominations. 

A  committee  was  appointed  to  prepare  a  basis  of  union  in 
accordance  with  the  above  form,  and  their  report  was  re- 
ceived and  adopted  by  the  seventh  convention,  which  met  in 
Philadelphia  on  the  21st  of  May,  1845.  ^^  combined  the 
Confession  and  Testimony  by  appending  to  each  chapter  a 
list  of  errors  testified  against.  This  basis  was  not  satisfactory 
to  any  of  the  Synods,  and  another  convention  assembled  in 
Pittsburgh  on  the  8th  of  Sept.,  1846.  This  convention  be- 
came somewhat  famous  for  its  refusal  to  proceed.  It  was  in 
reality  the  turning-point  in  the  fortunes  of  the  union,  and  yet 
being  misunderstood,  was  misrepresented  and  condemned  by 
very  many.  For  the  vindication  of  history-  and  the  teaching 
of  a  very  important  lesson,  it  may  be  proper  to  speak  of  it  a 
little  more  in  particular. 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH.  83 

The  Convention  was  full,  with  three  from  each  of  the  four 
Synods  represented,  and  Mr.  Davidson  from  the  Reformed 
Dissenting  Presbytery.  A  new  basis  of  union  had  to  be  con- 
structed, and  ten  subjects  were  scheduled  as  covering  all  the 
supposed  points  of  difference.  These  were  formulated  to  the 
satisfaction  of  all  during  the  deliberations  of  six  days,  and  a 
committee  of  four  was  appointed  to  draft  the  necessary  docu- 
ments, and  the  convention  then  adjourned  until  the  next 
May,  just  preceding  the  annual  meetings  of  the  Synods  rep- 
resented. 

On  the  i8th  of  May,  1847,  ^^^  Convention  re-assembled  in 
the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Church  in  Pittsburgh.  Drs. 
McLaren  and  Dales  of  the  Synod  of  New  York,  and  Dr. 
Davidson  of  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Presbytery  were  absent, 
and  Dr.  Pressly  was  present  in  place  of  Dr.  W.  Wallace  from 
the  Synod  of  the  West.  Drafts  of  all  the  documents  for  a 
basis  of  union  were  presented,  except  that  of  a  book  of  dis- 
cipline. The  draft  of  a  testimony  prepared  by  Dr.  Anderson 
was  read  and  referred  to  a  committee  of  one  from  each  Synod, 
"to  report  such  alterations  and  modifications  as  they  may  see 
proper. ' '  David  McDill,  John  N.  McLeod,  Abraham  Ander- 
son and  James  B.  Scouller,  composed  this  committee.  Three 
of  these  stated  that  the  testimony  read  would  not  be  accept- 
able to  their  Synods,  and  that  it  could  not  be  so  amended  as 
to  make  it  acceptable,  so  the  committee,  without  any  debate, 
reported  a  recommendation  to  the  convention,  "that  further 
proceedings  in  the  effort  for  organic  union  among  the  churches 
represented  be  stayed  for  the  present."  This  recommendation 
was  discussed  for  half  a  day,  and  it  was  then 

Resolved,  That  the  propositions  adopted  by  the  convention  in  September 
last  on  the  real  or  supposed  points  of  difference  between  the  churches  rep- 
resented in  this  convention,  with  the  votes  on  them  in  all  cases  where  they 
are  recorded,  be  laid  before  the  Synods  at  their  approaching  meeting,  that 
they  may  take  such  action  on  them  as  in  their  judgment  they  may  deem 
proper. 

Resolved,  That  this  convention  finds  nothing  more  that  it  can  do  at  pres- 
ent in  furtherance  of  the  object  of  its  appointment. 

Resolved,  That  the  Synods  represented  in  the  convention  be  recommended 
to  prosecute  the  contemplated  union  by  convention,  by  committees  of  cor- 
respondence, or  in  whatever  other  way  they  may  deem  most  promising. 

The  General  Synod  of  the  West  met  immediately  after  the 


84  HISTORY   OF 

convention,  and  being  unwilling  to  relinquish  her  efforts  for 
a  union,  appointed  delegates  to  any  future  convention  which 
might  be  called.  So  did  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of 
New  York,  and  the  Associate  Synod;  while  the  Reformed 
Presbyterian  Church  withdrew  entirely  from  all  further 
efforts.  The  delegates  met  in  Pittsburgh  in  the  autumn,  and 
amended  and  adopted  the  Anderson  Testimony,  and  reported 
it  to  their  Synods,  and,  as  predicted  by  the  May  convention, 
it  was  accepted  by  none. 

All  the  members  of  the  convention  in  May,  1847,  are  now 
dead  except  the  writer,  and  he  may  be  allowed  to  say  that 
those  who  voted  for  its  sudden  termination  were  not  in  any 
sense  opposed  to  the  union  sought.  They  were  its  most 
ardent  friends,  more  so  than  those  who  voted  for  going  on, 
but  they  were  most  thoroughly  satisfied,  from  considerable 
personal  experience,  that  the  present  methods  would  never 
accomplish  the  object  desired,  and  that  the  whole  business 
had  better  be  begun  in  the  new.  Nine  annual  conventions 
had  been  held,  and  the  difficulties  to  be  removed  were  posi- 
tively increasing  instead  of  diminishing.  And  what  else 
could  be  expected  ?  Every  convention  gave  the  first  and  best 
part  of  its  labors  to  the  hunting  up  of  difficulties  and  differ- 
ences of  views.  If  enough  of  these  could  not  be  readily  found, 
little  things  were  magnified,  and  mole-hills  were  made  into 
mountains,  so  as  to  accomplish  the  task.  There  was  no 
greater  diversity  of  views  among  the  different  delegates  at 
any  meeting  than  was  to  be  found  among  the  ministers  of 
each  one  of  the  bodies  represented;  and  if  slight  differences 
could  be  tolerated  in  the  Synod,  why  not  in  the  convention, 
and  in  the  united  body?  But  the  negotiations  had  generally 
been  confided  to  a  few  theological  experts,  and  they  must 
sustain  their  reputation  and  develop  shades  of  differences 
without  paying  any  attention  to  the  almost  endless  catalogue 
of  agreements.  The  necessary  results  of  such  hypercriticism 
were  suspicion,  distrust,  an  improper  magnifying  of  little 
things,  and  a  wrangle  over  metaphysical  abstractions  which 
should  never  appear  in  the  creed  of  any  church.  A  cordial 
union  could  never  be  effected  by  such  means.  The  scalpel 
and  the  microscope  must  give  place  to  softer,  warmer  and 
gentler  agencies. 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  85 

The  sudden  and  abrupt  termination  of  this  convention, 
which  would  not  stay  even  to  consider  documents  which  had 
been  prepared  with  only  too  much  care,  startled  the  churches 
and  touched  the  hearts  of  the  masses  who  yearned  for  union 
and  were  willing  to  bear  and  forbear  much  that  the  outgoings 
of  their  affections  might  be  gratified.  The  union  feeling  re- 
ceived no  check,  but  a  positive  quickening.  It  became 
wider  and  deeper.  Henceforth  the  methods  of  operation  were 
kept  nearer  to  the  people,  and  were  confined  to  synodic  as- 
semblies, where  all  the  ministers  and  many  of  the  elders  had 
a  voice.  A  regular  correspondence  now  commenced  between 
the  Associate  and  the  General  Associate  Reformed  Synods, 
which  terminated  in  the  offer  of  a  Basis  of  Union  by  the 
former  to  the  latter,  which  affair  being  overtured  to  the  Pres- 
byteries, was  adopted  in  1857  by  the  General  Synod. 

The  action  of  the  Associate  Synod  upon  this  occasion  was: 

1.  Resolved,  That  the  basis  which  has  been  in  overture  be  and  it  hereby 
is  adopted  as  a  basis  of  union  with  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  the 
declarations  without  amendment,  and  the  argument  and  illustrations  in  their 
amended  form,  as  a  useful  guide  to  the  meaning  of  the  declarations. 

2.  Resolved,  That  it  be  transmitted  to  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  for 
their  concurrence. 

The  General  Associate  Reformed  Synod  responded  thus: 

Resolved,  That  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  does  hereby  declare  her 
acceptance  of  the  Testimony  proposed  as  a  basis  of  union  by  the  Associate 
Synod,  and  overtvired  by  the  General  Synod  of  1856  to  the  Presbyteries,  in 
the  confidence  that  any  modifications  or  amendments  necessary  to  harmonize 
said  basis  with  the  faith  and  practice  held  in  common  by  the  two  churches, 
or  render  it  more  entirely  acceptable,  will  be  in  due  time  effected  by  the 
United  Church,  and  in  the  confidence  that  reasonable  forbearance  will  be 
exercised  toward  any  member  of  either  body  that  may  feel  constrained  to 
dissent  from  any  article  in  this  basis. 

As  the  time  approached  for  the  consummation  of  the  union, 
those  who  had  labored  and  prayed  for  it  became  very  anxious 
that  peace,  harmony  and  unanimity  might  characterize  it. 
To  aid  in  this  result  a  convention  was  called  to  meet  in 
Xenia,  O.,  on  the  24th  of  March,  1858,  to  seek  by  united 
prayer  the  outpouring  of  the  Holy  Spirit  upon  the  churches, 
that  they  might  be  enabled  to  come  together  in  true  love  and 
confidence.  A  very  large  number  of  ministers  and  laymen 
from  abroad  assembled  and  spent  nearly  three  days  in  prayer 


86  HISTORY  OF 

and  praise  and  conference,  with  the  happiest  effect,  and  then 
adjourned  to  meet  in  Allegheny,  in  May,  just  before  the  as- 
sembling of  the  Synods,  where  the  same  delightful  experi- 
ence was  repeated. 

Under  these  circumstances  the  two  Synods  met  on  the  19th 
of  May,  1858,  the  Associate  in  Pittsburgh  and  the  Associate 
Reformed  in  Allegheny,  when  the  following  joint  action  was 
taken  by  both  Synods: 

Whereas,  It  is  understood  that  the  Testimony  submitted  to  the  General 
Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  by  the  Associate  Synod  was  pro- 
posed and  accepted  as  a  term  of  communion,  on  the  adoption  of  which  the 
union  of  the  two  churches  was  to  be  consummated  : 

And  Whereas,  It  is  agreed  between  the  two  churches  that  the  forbearance 
in  love,  which  is  required  by  the  law  of  God,  will  be  exercised  towards  any 
brethren  who  may  not  be  able  fully  to  subscribe  the  standards  of  the  united 
church,  while  they  do  not  determinedly  oppose  them,  but  follow  the  things 
which  make  for  peace  and  things  wherewith  one  may  edify  another. 

1.  Resolved,  That  these  churches,  when  united,  shall  be  called  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church  of  North  America. 

2.  Resolved,  That  the  respective  Presbyteries  of  these  churches  shall  re- 
main as  at  present  constituted  until  otherwise  ordered,  as  eonvenience  shall 
suggest. 

3.  Resolved,  That  the  supreme  court  of  this  church  shall  be  a  General 
Assembly,  to  meet  annually,  to  be  composed  of  delegates  from  the  respec- 
tive Presbyteries,  the  number  of  delegates  to  be  according  to  the  proportion 
of  the  members  constituting  each  Presbytery,  as  now  fixed  by  the  rules  of 
the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  until  a  change  shall  be  found  expedient. 

4.  Resolved,  That  there  shall  be  subordinate  Synods,  and  these  shall  be 
the  same  as  those  now  existing  in  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  to  which 
Synods  the  different  Presbyteries  in  the  Associate  Church  shall  attach  them- 
selves for  the  present  according  to  their  location :  Provided,  That  the  sepa- 
rate Synods  and  Presbyteries  of  the  said  Associate  Reformed  and  Associate 
Churches  shall  also  continue  as  at  present  constituted  until  otherwise  di- 
rected. 

5.  Resolved,  That  the  General  and  Subordinate  Synods  shall  be  regulated 
according  to  the  rules  presently  in  force  in  the  Associate  Reformed  Church 
until  the  United  Church  shall  see  fit  to  alter  such  rules. 

6.  Resolved,  That  the  different  Boards  and  institutions  of  the  respective 
churches  shall  not  be  affected  by  this  union,  but  shall  have  the  control  of 
their  funds,  and  retain  all  their  corporate  or  other  rights  and  privileges  until 
the  interests  of  the  church  shall  require  a  change. 

7.  Resolved,  That  these  and  other  regulations  found  necessary,  being 
agreed  upon  by  the  respective  Synods  at  the  present  meeting,  the  two  Synods 
shall  meet  at  such  place  as  shall  mutually  be  agreed  upon,  and  after  ad- 
dresses by  Dr.  Rodgers,  Dr.  Pressly,  the  Rev.  J.  P.  Smart  and  the  Rev.  J. 
Prestley  be  constituted  with  prayer  by  the  senior  moderator,  after  which  a 
moderator  and  clerk  shall  be  chosen  by  the  United  Church. 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  87 

In  accordance  with  the  arrangements  thus  made,  the  two 
Synods  met  together  in  the  City  Hall  of  Pittsburgh,  at  10 
o'clock,  on  the  26th  day  of  May,  1858,  and  after  prayer  and 
praise  and  the  contemplated  addresses  the  new  body  was  con- 
stituted with  prayer  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Donald  C.  McLaren, 
moderator  of  the  Associate  Reformed  General  Synod,  and  Dr. 
John  T.  Pressly  was  elected  by  acclamation  as  moderator  of 
the  united  body,  and  Dr.  Samuel  Wilson  as  its  first  stated 
clerk. 

The  Basis  of  Union  was  the  Westminster  Confession  of 
Faith,  with  a  modification  in  reference  to  the  power  of  the 
civil  magistrate  circa  sacra^  the  Catechisms,  Larger  and 
Shorter,  and  a  Judicial  Testimony.  The  Directory  for  Wor- 
ship and  the  Book  of  Discipline  of  both  churches  were  al- 
lowed to  be  used  until  others  should  be  prepared.  The  Judi- 
cial Testimony  covered  important  subjects  which  had  not 
been  embraced  in  the  Confession,  or  not  sufficiently  elabo- 
rated to  meet  present  circumstances.  It  consists  of  eighteen 
Declarations^  with  arguments  and  illustrations.  The  argu- 
ments and  illustrations  are  only  designed  to  be  useful  helps, 
and  not  authoritative  utterances.  These  declarations  were  as 
follows: 

1.  We  declare.  That  God  has  not  only  in  the  Scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New 
Testaments  made  a  revelation  of  His  will  to  man  as  the  only  rule  of  faith 
and  practice,  but  that  these  Scriptures,  viewed  as  a  revelation  from  God,  are 
in  every  part  the  inspired  word  of  God,  and  that  this  inspiration  extends  to 
the  language  as  well  as  to  the  sentiments  which  they  express. 

2.  We  declare.  That  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  is  not  only  true  and  supreme 
God,  being  one  in  essence  with  the  Father,  but  also  the  Son  of  God,  in  re- 
spect to  his  natural,  necessary  and  eternal  relation  to  the  Father. 

3.  We  declare.  That  God  having  created  man  in  a  state  of  perfect  holi- 
ness, and  in  possession  of  a  perfect  ability  to  obey  Him  in  all  things,  did 
enter  into  a  covenant  with  him,  in  which  covenant  Adam  was  the  represen- 
tative of  all  his  natural  posterity,  so  that  in  him  they  were  to  stand  or  fall, 
as  he  stood  or  fell. 

4.  We  declare.  That  our  first  parents  did,  by  their  breach  of  covenant 
with  God,  subject  themselves  to  His  eternal  wrath,  and  bring  themselves 
into  such  a  state  of  depravity  as  to  be  wholly  inclined  to  sin,  and  altogether 
unable  by  their  own  power  to  perform  a  single  act  of  acceptable  obedience 
to  God ;  and  that  all  their  natural  posterity,  in  virtue  of  their  representation 
in  the  covenant,  are  born  into  the  world  in  the  same  state  of  guilt,  depravity 
and  inability,  and  in  this  state  will  continue  until  delivered  therefrom  by  the 
grace  and  righteousness  of  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 


88  HISTORY  OF 

5.  We  declare,  That  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  did,  by  the  appointment  of  the 
Father,  and  by  His  own  gracious  and  voluntary  act,  place  Himself  in  the 
room  of  a  definite  number,  who  were  chosen  in  Him  before  the  foundation 
of  the  world,  so  that  He  was  their  true  and  proper  legal  security;  and  as 
such  did,  in  their  behalf,  satisfy  the  justice  of  God,  and  answer  all  the  de- 
mands which  the  law  had  against  them,  and  thereby  infallibly  obtain  for 
them  eternal  redemption. 

6.  We  declare,  That  in  justification  there  is  an  imputation  to  the  believer 
of  that  righteousness,  or  satisfaction  and  obedience,  which  the  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  as  the  surety  of  His  people,  rendered  to  the  law ;  and  that  it  is  only 
on  the  ground  of  this  imputed  righteousness  that  his  sins  are  pardoned  and 
his  person  accepted  in  the  sight  of  God. 

7.  We  declare.  That  the  gospel,  taken  in  its  strict  and  proper  sense,  as 
distinguished  from  the  law,  is  a  revelation  of  grace  to  sinners  as  such,  and 
that  it  contains  a  free  and  unconditional  offer  and  grant  of  salvation  through 
Christ  to  all  who  hear  it,  whatever  may  be  their  character  or  condition. 

8.  We  declare,  That  in  true  and  saving  faith  there  is  not  merely  an  assent 
of  the  mind  to  the  proposition  that  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ  is  the  Saviour  of 
sinners,  but  also  a  cordial  reception  and  appropriation  of  Him  by  the  sinner 
as  his  Saviour,  with  an  accompanying  persuasion  or  assurance  corresponding 
to  the  degree  or  strength  of  his  faith  that  he  shall  be  saved  by  Him,  which 
appropriation  and  persuasion  are  founded  solely  upon  the  free  and  uncondi- 
tional and  unlimited  offer  of  Christ  and  salvation  in  Him,  which  God  makes 
in  the  gospel  to  sinners  of  mankind. 

9.  We  declare.  That  the  repentance  which  is  a  saving  grace  is  one  of  the 
fruits  of  a  justifying  faith,  and  of  course  cannot  be  regarded  as  a  ground  of 
the  sinner's  pardon,  or  as  necessary  to  qualify  him  for  coming  to  Christ. 

10.  We  declare,  That  although  the  moral  law  is  of  perpetual  obligation, 
and  consequently  does  and  ever  will  bind  the  believer  as  a  rule  of  life,  yet  as 
a  covenant  he  is  by  his  justification  through  Christ  completely  and  forever 
set  free  from  it,  both  as  to  its  commanding  and  condemning  power,  and  con- 
sequently not  required  to  yield  obedience  to  it  as  a  condition  of  life  and  sal- 
vation. 

11.  We  declare.  That  the  Holy  Spirit,  the  third  person  of  the  Trinity, 
does,  by  a  direct  operation  accompanying  the  Word,  so  act  upon  the  soul  as 
to  quicken,  regenerate  and  sanctify  it ;  and  that  without  this  direct  opera- 
tion the  soul  would  have  no  ability  to  perceive  in  a  saving  manner  the  truths 
of  God's  Word  or  yield  to  the  motives  which  it  presents. 

12.  We  declare,  That  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  besides  the  dominion  which 
belongs  to  Him  as  God,  has,  as  our  God-man  mediator,  a  two-fold  dominion 
with  which  He  has  been  invested'by  the  Father  as  the  reward  of  His  suffer- 
ings. These  are  a  dominion  over  the  Church,  of  which  He  is  the  living  head 
and  law-giver,  and  the  source  of  all  that  divine  influence  and  authority  by 
which  she  is  sustained  and  governed ;  and  also  a  dominion  over  all  created 
persons  and  things,  which  is  exercised  by  Him  in  subservnency  to  the  mani- 
festation of  God's  glory  in  the  system  of  redemption  and  the  interests  of  His 
church. 

13.  We  declare.  That  the  law  of  God,  as  written  upon  the  heart  of  man, 
and  as  set  forth  in  the  scriptures  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments,  is  supreme 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN   CHURCH.  89 

in  its  authority  and  obligations,  and  that  where  the  commands  of  the  Church 
or  State  are  in  conflict  with  the  commands  of  this  law,  we  are  to  obey  God 
rather  than  man. 

14.  We  declare,  That  slave-holding,  that  is  the  holding  of  unoffending 
human  beings  in  involuntary  bondage  and  considering  and  treating  them  as 
property,  and  subject  to  be  bought  and  sold,  is  a  violation  of  the  law  of  God 
and  contrary  both  to  the  letter  and  spirit  of  Christianity. 

15.  We  declare.  That  all  associations,  whether  formed  for  political  or 
benevolent  purposes,  which  impose  upon  their  members  an  oath  of  secrecy 
or  an  obligation  to  obey  a  code  of  unknown  laws,  are  inconsistent  with  the 
genius  and  spirit  of  Christianity,  and  church  members  ought  not  to  have  fel- 
lowship with  such  associations. 

16.  We  declare,  That  the  church  should  not  extend  communion,  in  sealing 
ordinances,  to  those  who  refuse  adherence  to  her  profession  or  subjection  to 
her  government  and  discipline,  or  who  refuse  to  forsake  a  communion  which 
is  inconsistent  with  the  profession  that  she  makes,  nor  should  communion  in 
any  ordinance  of  worship  be  held  under  such  circumstances  as  would  be  in- 
consistent with  keeping  of  these  ordinances  pure  and  entire,  or  so  as  to  give 
countenance  to  any  corruption  of  the  doctrines  and  institutions  of  Christ. 

17.  We  declare.  That  public  social  covenanting  is  a  moral  duty,  the  ob- 
servance of  which  is  not  required  at  stated  times,  but  on  extraordinary  occa- 
sions, as  the  providence  of  God  and  the  circumstances  of  the  Church  may 
indicate.  It  is  seasonable  in  times  of  great  danger  to  the  Church,  in  times 
of  exposure  to  backsliding,  or  in  times  of  reformation  when  the  Church  is 
returning  to  God  from  a  state  of  backsliding.  When  the  Church  has  entered 
into  such  covenant  transactions,  they  continue  to  bind  posterity  faithfully  to 
adhere  to  and  prosecute  the  grand  object  for  which  such  engagements  have 
been  entered  into. 

18.  We  declare,  That  it  is  the  will  of  God  that  the  songs  contained  in  the 
Book  of  Psalms  be  sung  in  His  worship,  both  public  and  private,  to  the  end 
of  the  world ;  and  in  singing  God's  praise  these  songs  should  be  employed 
to  the  exclusion  of  the  devotional  compositions  of  uninspired  men. 

The  first  General  Assembly  met  in  Xenia,  O.,  on  the  i8th 
of  May,  1859,  ^^^  "^vas  opened  with  a  sermon  by  Dr.  J.  T. 
Pressly,  and  by  him  constituted  with  prayer.  Dr.  Peter  Bul- 
lions, of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  was  elected  moderator,  and  Dr.  James 
Prestley,  stated  clerk.  The  principal  work  of  this  Assejnbly 
was  to  organize  the  executive  machinery  of  the  new  body. 
It  was  decided  to  place  the  beneficent  operations  of  the  church 
in  the  hands  of  the  following  Boards,  subject  to  the  supervi- 
sion of  the  Assembly:  The  Board  of  Foreign  Missions,  con- 
sisting of  nine  members,  and  located  at  Philadelphia;  a  Board 
of  Home  Missions,  composed  of  one  member  of  each  Presby- 
tery, with  an  executive  committee  of  five,  located  at  Xenia, 
O. ;  a  Board  of  Publication,  composed  of  nine  members,  and 


90  HISTORY  OF 

located  at  Pittsburgh;  a  Board  of  Church  Extension,  com- 
posed of  nine  members,  and  located  at  Allegheny  City,  Pa. ; 
and  a  Board  of  Education,  composed  of  nine  members,  and 
located  at  Monmouth,  Illinois.  In  1863,  a  Board  of  Missions 
to  the  Freedmen  was  organized,  consisting  of  nine  members, 
and  located  at  Allegheny,  Pa.  An  Aged  Ministers'  Fund  was 
created  in  1862,  and  developed  into  a  Board  of  Ministerial 
Relief  in  1873,  of  nine  members,  and  located  at  Philadelphia. 
These  Boards  have  been  active  and  energetic,  and  have  fully 
vindicated  the  wisdom  of  their  creation. 

The  influences  and  impulses  of  the  union  of  1858  were  very 
benign  and  happy.  A  baptism  from  on  high  evidently  rested 
upon  the  new  Church,  reviving  and  quickening  her  in  her 
inner  as  well  as  in  her  outer  life,  so  that  she  developed  a 
commendable  degree  of  zeal  and  of  life  and  of  well-directed 
activity. 

But  few  incidents  have  marked  the  course  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church.  She  has  done  her  w^ork  quietly,  and 
at  the  same  time  tried  to  meet  her  responsibilities  arising  from 
her  surroundings  and  from  the  general  progress  of  the  age. 

In  i860  the  Assembly 

Resolved,  That  the  members  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  be  ex- 
horted to  avoid  all  association  with  men  of  the  world  in  vain  and  ensnaring 
recreations,  such  as  promiscuous  dancing,  theatrical  exhibitions,  and  such 
like  amusements  as  are  adapted  to  alienate  the  affections  from  God  and  ex- 
pose the  Christian  character  to  reproach,  and  that  pastors  and  Sessions  be 
careful  to  warn  those  under  their  care  in  relation  to  the  danger  of  having 
any  fellowship  with  the  world  in  any  such  practices. 

In  i860  the  session  of  the  congregation  of  Bovina,  N.  Y., 
submitted  the  question,  ' '  Are  Sessions,  in  receiving  persons 
from  the  denomination  of  Arians  called  '  Christians'^  to  re- 
quire that  they  be  re-baptised?"     The  Assembly  answered: 

That  in  our  judgment  such  applicants  for  fellowship  in  the  Church  should 
be  regarded  as  unbaptized  persons,  inasmuch  as  a  community  of  Arians, 
denying  the  true  and  proper  divinity  of  Jesus  and  His  atonement,  by  what- 
ever name  they  may  be  denominated,  is  not  entitled  to  be  considered  as  a 
part  of  the  visible  Church  of  Christ. 

The  validity  of  Papal  baptism  was  brought  before  the  As- 
sembly of  1870  and  overtured  to  the  Presbyteries;  and  accord- 
ing to  the  answer  to  this  overture,  it  was  enacted  in  187 1: 

That  while  as  a  general  rule  Papal  baptism  should  be  regarded  as  invalid, 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH.  9I 

yet  it  is  believed  by  many  in  the  Church  that  there  are  important  exceptions 
to  this  rule  ;  therefore  this  Assembly  judges  it  expedient  to  leave  the  ques- 
tion of  re-baptizing  persons  from  the  Papal  Church  to  the  discretion  of 
Sessions. 

The  Rev.  W.  C.  McCune  of  Cincinnati  published  a  book 
upon  Church  Fellowship,  which  was  not  satisfactory  to  many 
of  his  brethren,  and  for  which  he  was  finally  put  upon  trial 
before  the  Second  Synod  of  the  West  and  acquitted  of  teach- 
ing any  serious  error.  An  appeal  was  taken  from  this  decis- 
ion to  the  General  Assembly  of  1867.  The  Assembly  sus- 
tained the  appeal  and  found  Mr.  McCune  guilty  of  "  holding 
and  defending  serious  and  fundamental  error  on  the  subject 
of  Church  Fellowship."  "This  judgment,"  says  the  record, 
"is  not  simply  because  of  Mr.  McCune's  interpretation  of  the 
26th  chapter  of  the  Confession  of  Faith,  or  his  determined 
opposition  to  the  i6th  article  of  the  Testimony,  a  part  of  the 
basis  of  union  on  which  this  church  was  organized,  but  also 
because  of  his  enunciation  and  advocacy  of  principles  which, 
if  fully  carried  out,  would  work  a  complete  subversion  of  the 
Church  as  a  visible  organization." 

This  trial  contributed  nothing  to  the  doctrinal  development 
of  the  Church,  but  it  did  produce  some  agitation  in  certain 
quarters,  and  a  request  was  made  to  the  Assembly  of  1868  to 
fix  more  definitely  the  authority  of  the  Sessions  in  the  admis- 
sion of  members.  This  the  Assembly  declined  to  do,  upon 
the  ground  that  the  law  of  the  Church  was  sufficiently  ex- 
plicit already,  and  that  anything  further  was  unnecessar}^, 
because 

The  sixteenth  article  of  our  Testimony  lays  down  the  general  rule  on  the 
subject  of  communion,  by  which  the  Church  is  to  be  governed  in  all  ordinary 
cases.  It  was  not  designed  to  make  provision  for  cases  of  an  extraordiyiaty 
nature.  When  cases  of  this  kind  occur  Sessions,  in  the  exercise  of  a  wise 
diccretion,  must  dispose  of  them  as  may  be  for  the  peace  and  edification  of 
the  church. 

The  subject  of  temperance,  in  all  its  phases,  has  been  re- 
peatedly before  the  Assembly,  and  the  following  resolutions, 
selected  from  the  many  pa.ssed  at  different  times,  will  show 
the  unequivocal  position  of  the  church  upon  this  matter  : 

I.  That  the  business  of  manufacturing  and  vending  intoxicating  drinks 
for  drinking  purposes  is  injurious  to  the  best  interests  of  society,  and  there- 
fore inconsistent  with  the  law  of  God,  which  requires,  "Thou  shalt  love  thy 
neighbor  as  thyself." 


92  HISTORY  OF 

2.  That  the  practice  of  renting  houses  to  be  occupied  by  those  who  are 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  intoxicating  drinks  to  be  used  as  a 
beverage,  or  for  immoral  purposes,  is  utterly  inconsistent  with  the  honor  of 
the  Christian  religion. — (1859,  ^^^  reaffirmed  in  1864.) 

That  it  is  inconsistent  with  membership  in  the  Church  of  Christ  to  use  or 
be  engaged  in  the  manufacture  or  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors  as  a  beverage. 
— (1875;  reaffirmed  in  1877.) 

That  church  Sessions  have  full  authority,  and  it  is  their  duty,  to  enforce 
the  principle  of  total  abstinence  where  in  the  exercise  of  a  sound  discretion 
they  have  reason  to  believe  the  safety  of  the  individual  and  the  honor  of 
religion  require  it. — (1859;  reaffirmed  in  1864.) 

That  it  is  the  imperative  duty  of  all  the  followers  of  Christ  to  abstain  from 
the  use  of  intoxicating  drinks  of  every  kind,  and  that  such  abstinence  is 
necessary  to  a  consistent  Christian  life. — (1873.) 

That  every  church  member  should  consider  himself  as  pledged,  by  the  ob- 
ligations which  he  assumes,  to  total  abstinence  from  all  intoxicating  liquors 
as  a  beverage. — (1877.) 

Individual  Christians  should  use  all  proper  means  for  the  suppression  of 
the  liquor  traffic.  Legal  prohibition,  moral  suasion,  and  the  practice  of  total 
abstinence  are  demanded. — (1878.) 

The  exclusive  use  of  a  Scripture  Psalmody  in  formal  acts 
of  praise  has  always  been  one  of  the  distinctive  peculiarities 
of  the  Scottish  Presbyterian  Churches  of  this  country.  They 
brought  Rouse's  version  as  improved  and  authorized  by  the 
Church  of  Scotland  with  them  from  their  fatherland,  and 
continued  to  use  it  because  they  regarded  it  as  the  most  faith- 
ful poetic  translation  of  the  original.  Its  literary  imperfec- 
tions were  well  known,  and  the  desirableness  and  even  neces- 
sity of  some  improvement  was  early  felt.  In  the  autumn  of 
1809  Judge  Ebenezer  Clark,  son  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Clark, 
of  Salem,  and  an  elder  in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ,  got  up  congrega- 
tional petitions  to  the  Presbytery  of  Washington,  requesting 
it  to  petition  the  General  Associate  Reformed  Synod  "to  fur- 
nish the  Church  with  a  metre  version  of  the  Scripture  Psalms, 
Hymns  and  Songs  adapted  to  the  present  condition  of  the 
church  and  the  improved  state  of  the  English  language." 
The  General  Synod  of  1810  gave  this  matter  a  very  careful 
and  kind  consideration,  and  appointed  a  committee  to  procure 
an  improved  version  of  Scripture  Psalmody. 

This  committee  accomplished  nothing,  and  yet  the  move- 
ment did  much  good,  for  it  voiced  a  strong  desire  in  the 
Church,  and  made  the  subject  a  familiar  topic  of  conversation 
among  the  ministers  and  people,   and  thus  did  something 


UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH.  93 

towards  liberalizing-  that  ultra-conservatism  wliich  stands  in 
the  way  of  every  advance.  In  1825  ^  writer  in  the  Religions 
Monitor  urged  upon  the  Associate  Synod  the  necessity  of  pro- 
viding an  amended  version.  This  was  not  met  with  much 
favor  at  the  time,  and  yet  it  compelled  thought  and  reflection, 
and  had  unquestionably  something  to  do  with  the  movement 
in  that  Synod  a  score  of  years  afterward  under  the  leadership 
of  Dr.  Beveridge.  In  1835  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of 
New  York  appointed  a  committee  "to  procure  a  version  of 
the  inspired  Book  of  Psalms,  so  as  to  embrace  a  greater 
variety  of  metres,  retaining  our  present  version  with  such 
amendments  as,  in  a  few  instances,  will  render  the  metre 
more  harmonious,  and  the  sense  equally  near  the  original." 
A  number  of  years  subsequent  to  this  the  General  Associate 
Reformed  Synod  of  the  West  appointed  a  similar  committee 
for  the  same  purpose.  The  independent  movements  thus 
started  in  the  three  bodies,  which  formed  the  United  Presby- 
terian Church,  continued  until  the  union  of  1858,  and  did 
much  towards  the  final  accomplishment  of  the  desired  object 
by  educating  the  tastes  and  wishes  of  the  people,  so  as  to 
make  the  introduction  of  a  new  version  possible,  and  by  ac- 
cumulating a  large  amount  of  useful  matter. 

The  first  General  Assembly  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  took  up  this  matter  where  the  Synods  had  laid  it 
down,  and  appointed  a  committee  to  continue  the  work,  with 
the  instruction  "that  the  version  of  the  Book  of  Psalms  now 
used  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  be  retained,  with- 
out any  change  that  would  affect  its  integrity.  And  to  be 
used  in  connection  with  this,  it  is  desirable  to  have  an  en- 
tirely new  version  of  equal  fidelity,  and  up  to  the  present 
state  of  literature  and  laws  of  versification. ' '  This  committee, 
in  connection  with  the  Board  of  Publication,  finally  submitted 
an  amended  edition  of  the  version  in  use,  and  138  versions  in 
a  variety  of  metres  of  117  Psalms.  These  were  approved  by 
the  Assembly  of  187 1,  and  authorized  to  be  used. 

The  General  Assembly  was  incorporated  in  Mar.,  i860,  by 
the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania,  and  its  Trustees  are  thus  the 
legal  agents  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  all  her  in- 
terests outside  the  chartered  Boards. 


94  HISTORY  OF 


Historical  Record  of  the  Presbyteries  and 

Synods. 


THE  following  record  of  the  organization  of  the  Presby- 
teries and  Synods,  and  of  the  changes  through  which 
they  have  passed,  was  prepared  by  Dr.  A.  G.  Wallace,  Sec- 
ond Clerk  of  the  General  Assembly. 

In  consequence  of  the  loss  of  many  important  records  it  is 
impossible  to  make  it  complete,  but  it  is  believed  to  be  sufl&- 
ciently  so  for  practical  purposes. 

The  union  of  1858,  by  which  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  was  formed,  did  not  affect  the  organization  and  the 
legal  relations  and  powers  of  the  Synods  and  Presbyteries  of 
the  churches  entering  into  it.  In  the  adopting  act  it  was 
agreed  "that  the  respective  Presbyteries  of  these  churches 
shall  remain  as  at  present  constituted,  until  otherwise  ordered, 
as  convenience  shall  suggest;"  and  in  defining  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  General  Assembly  and  the  subordinate  Synods,  it 
was  "provided  that  the  separate  Synods  and  Presbyteries  of 
the  said  Associate  Reformed  and  Associate  Churches  shall 
also  continue  as  at  present  constituted  until  otherwise  di- 
rected."— Digest^  p.  222. 

According  to  this  act  some  of  these  bodies  have  continued 
to  meet  from  time  to  time  to  transact  business  relating  to  cer- 
tain pecuniary  trusts  which  had  been  confided  to  their  care; 
some  being  without  special  trusts,  formally  dissolved;  but 
the  majority  simply  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Mod- 
erator or  at  a  given  time,  but  have  either  not  since  met  or 
have  failed  to  keep  a  record  of  their  proceedings.  They  con- 
tinue to  have  a  nominal  legal  existence  to  meet  any  positive 
emergency. 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE).  95 

THE  ASSOCIATE  CHURCH. 

PRESBYTERIES. 

Pennsylvania. — Organized  Nov.  2,  1753,  by  aiitliority  of 
"The  Associate  Synod"  (Anti-Burgher)  in  Scotland.  Min- 
isters: Alexander  Gellatly  and  Andrew  Arnot.  Sept.  2,  1765, 
the  members  signed  articles  of  agreement  with  Thomas  Clark, 
and  June  9,  1767,  with  David  Telfair  and  Samuel  Kinloch 
(licentiate)  of  the  (Burgher)  Associate  Synod  of  Scotland,  ad- 
mitting them  as  members  of  the  Presbytery,  but  allowing 
them  to  retain  their  subordination  to  their  own  Synod.  This 
act  was  condemned  by  the  Synod,  but  the  relation  was  not 
dissolved  by  the  Presbytery.  May  20,  1776,  divided  by  the 
organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  New  York.  June  13,  1782, 
a  majority  entered  into  union  with  the  Reformed  Presbytery, 
(see  Associate  Reformed,  Pennsylvania,)  but  the  minority 
maintained  the  organization  of  the  Associate  Presbytery. 
Ministers:  James  Clarkson  and  William  Marshall.  May  i, 
1800,  resolved  to  divide  into  three  Presbyteries,  viz. :  Cam- 
bridge, Philadelphia  and  Chartiers,  and  with  the  Presbytery 
of  Kentucky  constitute  a  Synod.  The  last  meeting  recorded 
was  held  Nov.  5,  1800.  ]\Iay  20,  1801,  dissolved  by  the  or- 
ganization of  the  Associate  Synod  of  North  America. 

New  York. — Organized  May  20,  1776,  at  New  York  city, 
by  authority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania.  Ministers: 
John  Mason,  Thomas  Clark,  Robert  Annan,  William  Logan 
and  Andrew  Patton.  Territory' :  The  State  of  New  York  and 
northward  and  eastward.  In  the  spring  of  1780,  at  New 
Perth  (now  Salem),  N.  Y.,  agreed  upon  a  basis  for  union 
with  the  Reformed  Presbytery,  and  became  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Presbytery.     (See  Associate  Reformed,  New  York.) 

Kentucky. — Organized  Nov.  28,  1798,  by  authority  of 
"The  General  Associate  Synod"  in  Scotland.  Ministers: 
Robert  Armstrong  and  Andrew  Fulton.  Territory:  The 
States  of  Kentucky  and  Tennessee.  Enlarged  by  the  organ- 
ization of  congregations  in  southern  Ohio  and  Indiana.  In 
1804  Mr.  Armstrong  and  the  larger  part  of  his  charge  re- 
moved to  Massie's  Creek  and  Sugar  Creek,  O.,  and  in  1815 
Mr.  Fulton  and  the  greater  part  of  his  charge  removed  to 


96  HISTORY   OF 

Carmel,  Ind. ;  therefore,  May  28,  1821,  the  name  was,  by 
order  of  Synod,  changed  to  the  Presbytery  of  Miami.  (See 
Miami.) 

Cambridge. — Organized  Sept.  8,  1800,  at  Cambridge,  N. 
Y.,  by  authority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania.  Minis- 
ters: David  Goodwillie,  Archibald  Whyte  and  John  Banks. 
Territory:  The  State  of  New  York,  north  of  the  city  of  New 
York  and  eastward.  Enlarged,  1820,  by  the  transfer  of  the 
congregation  in  New  York  from  the  Presbytery  of  Philadel- 
phia. July  21,  1830,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Albany.  1838  a  division  arose,  and  the  minority, 
maintaining  a  separate  organization,  joined  with  others,  1841, 
in  organizing  a  Synod.  After  the  union  of  the  Synods  in 
1854  (see  the  Synod),  these  Presbyteries  were  known  as  the 
First  and  Second  Presbyteries  of  Cambridge.  May  25,  1856, 
by  act  of  Synod,  they  were  consolidated  as  the  Presbytery  of 
Cambridge,  and  the  boundaries  were  restored  as  before  the 
division.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Oct,  25,  1859,  ad- 
journed at  South  Argyle,  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Modera- 
tor. 

Philadelphia. — Organized  Nov.  4,  1800,  at  New  York  city, 
by  authority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania.  Ministers: 
William  Marshall,  James  Clarkson,  Francis  Pringle,  and  T. 
Smith.  Territory:  The  State  of  Pennsylvania  east  of  the 
mountains,  and  the  city  of  New  York.  Divided,  1820,  by  the 
transfer  of  the  congregation  in  New  York  city  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  Cambridge.  Entered  the  union  of  1858  ,  ad- 
journed   . 

Chartiers. — Organized  June  23,  1800,  at  Buffalo  church, 
Pa.,  by  authority  of  the  Presbyter>'  of  Pennsylvania.  Minis- 
ters: John  Smith,  John  Anderson,  Robert  Laing,  Ebenezer 
Henderson,  and  William  Wilson.  Territory:  All  west  of  the 
Allegheny  mountains,  with  the  congregations  in  Virginia  and 
the  Carolinas.  Last  Wednesday  of  August,  1803,  the  terri- 
tory was  reduced  by  the  formation  of  the  Presbytery  of  the 
Carolinas.  Oct.  4,  1808,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Ohio;  May  20,  1817,  by  transfer  of  the  congre- 
gations in  Xenia  and  vicinity  to  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky; 
July  9,  1822,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  AUe- 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE).  97 

gheny;  Aug.  23,  1826,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Muskingum.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Oct.  19,  1858, 
at  Clinton,  adjourned  to  meet  at  Washington,  Pa.,  Nov,  30, 
1858.     There  is  no  record  to  show  that  the  meeting  was  held. 

OJiio. — Organized  Oct.  4,  1808,  at  Mahoning  tent,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Chartiers,  by  order  of  Synod.  The  order  of 
Synod  appointed  Shenango  church  as  the  place  for  organiza- 
tion; the  reason  for  the  change  is  not  recorded.  Ministers: 
James  Duncan,  Daniel  McLean,  Thomas  McClintock,  and 
David  Imbrie.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  Chartiers  Presby- 
tery bounded  by  Yellow  creek,  the  Ohio  and  Allegheny  rivers, 
without  western  limit.  Nov.  10,  1835,  divided  by  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Presbytery  of  Shenango.  Entered  the  union  of 
1858.  May  8,  1867,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the 
Moderator. 

The  Carolinas. — Organizedlast  Wednesday  of  August,  1803, 
at  Steel  Creek,  N.  C,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Chartiers. 
Ministers:  Peter  McMullan,  William  Dixon,  and  John  Cree. 
Territory:  The  Carolinas  and  Eastern  Virginia.  In  conse- 
quence of  the  refusal  of  the  congregations  to  carry  out  the  act 
of  Synod  against  slavery,  adopted  May  20,  1831,  the  pastors 
resigned,  and  the  majority  of  the  Presbytery  (1832  to  1834) 
removed  to  the  North.  May  29,  1839,  the  Synod  suspended 
those  who  refused  to  carry  out  its  action.  They  united  with 
the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  South  Apr.  15,  1844. 

Miami. — May  28,  1821,  the  Synod  changed  the  name  of 
the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky  to  the  Presbytery  of  Miami. 
June  3,  1830,  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  the  congregations 
of  " The  Western  Mission."  Aug.  8,  1838,  divided  by  the 
organization  of  the  Presbyteries  of  Indiana  and  Illinois.  En- 
tered the  union  of  1858,  and  Dec.  28,  1858,  at  Springfield, 
O.,  adjourned. 

Allegheny. — Organized  July  9,  1822,  at  Bethel,  Allegheny 
county,  Pa. ,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Chartiers  and  Ohio,  by 
order  of  the  Synod.  Ministers:  Robert  Bruce,  David  Blair, 
John  Dickey,  Joseph  Scroggs,  Hugh  Kirkland,  and  John 
France.  Territory :  The  valley  of  the  Allegheny  river  to  Pitts- 
burgh, and  eastward  to  the  mountains.  July  4,  1849,  divided 
by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Clarion.  Entered 
7 


98  HISTORY  OF 

the  union  of  1858.  April  28,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  at  Pitts- 
burgh at  the  call  of  the  Moderator.  No  record  is  known  to 
exist  to  show  that  the  meeting  was  held, 

Muskingitm. — Organized  Aug.  23,  1826,  at  Cadiz,  O.,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  Chartiers.  Ministers:  John  Walker,  Samuel 
Irvine,  Thomas  Hanna,  and  Daniel  McLane.  Territory:  West 
of  the  Ohio  river  and  the  Presbytery  of  Ohio.  Aug.  i,  1838, 
divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Richland. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.  May  20,  1859,  at  Xenia,  O.,  ad- 
journed to  meet  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  Sept.  29,  i860.  There  is 
no  record  of  the  meeting. 

^'■The  Western  Mission.'" — The  Synod,  May  25,  1827,  ap- 
pointed John  Walker,  of  the  Presbytery  of  Muskingum,  and 
James  P.  Miller,  to  be  ordained  by  the  Presbytery  of  Musk- 
ingum, on  a  mission  to  the  west  and  southwest,  and  author- 
ized them  to  meet  in  Presbytery  at  such  time  and  place  as 
they  may  think  fit,  and  transact  whatever  business  connected 
with  the  mission  field  may  come  before  them.  Nov.  15,  1827, 
they  constituted  as  a  Presbytery  at  the  house  of  George  Mal- 
colm, on  Clear  creek,  Indiana.  Meetings  were  held  at  dif- 
ferent times.  June  3,  1830,  the  congregations  of  "The 
Western  Mission ' '  were  placed  under  the  care  of  the  Presby- 
tery of  Miami. 

Albany. — Organized  July  21,  1830,  at  Johnstown,  N.  Y., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Cambridge,  by  order  of  Synod.  Min- 
isters: Peter  Bullions,  Andrew  Stark,  James  Martin,  Peter 
Campbell,  John  G.  Smart,  John  Russell  and  Robert  Laing. 
Territory:  All  west  of  the  Hudson  river  and  south  of  a  line 
east  from  Waterford,  N.  Y.  Nov.  19,  1835,  divided  by  the 
organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Stamford.  A  division  arose, 
and  the  Synod,  May  26,  1838,  recognizing  the  minority,  the 
majority  maintained  a  separate  existence  until  the  union  of 
May  31,  1854.  (See  New  York.)  May  29,  1857,  boundary 
rearranged  by  transferring  the  congregations  south  of  a  line 
east  and  west  through  the  Highlands,  N.  Y.,  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  New  York.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Oct.  3,  1861, 
at  Albany,  adjourned  to  meet  in  Argyle  in  Oct.,  1862.  There 
is  no  record  of  the  meeting. 

Albany. — (See  New  York.) 


PRESBYTERIES   (ASSOCIATE).  99 

Nczu  York. — The  majority  of  tlie  Presbytery  of  Albany, 
May  28,  1838,  refused  submission  to  the  action  of  the  Synod 
in  recognizing  the  minority  as  the  true  Presbytery,  and  con- 
tinued a  separate  organization  as  the  Presbytery  of  Albany. 

,  1846,  the  name  was  changed  to  the  Presb3^tery  of  New 

York.     Re-entered  the  Synod  in  the  union  of  1854.     May  29, 

1857,  the  boundaries  were  readjusted  by  the  Synod  trans- 
ferring the  congregations  north  of  a  line  east  and  west  through 
the  Highlands,  N.  Y. ,  to  the  Presbytery  of  Albany.  Entered 
the  union  of  1858.  Nov.  10,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the 
call  of  the  Moderator. 

Shenajigo. — Organized  Nov.  10,  1835,  at  Mercer,  Pa.,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers;  Daniel 
McLean,  John  France,  Isaac  Beggs,  Matthew  Snodgrass, 
Alexander  Boyd  and  W.  C.  Pollock.  Territory:  North  of  the 
west  branch  of  the  Big  Shenango  to  New  Castle,  and  a  line 
thence  east,  and  eastward  of  the  Ohio  State  line  to  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Allegheny.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Jan.  4, 
1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Staviford.  —  Organized  Nov.  19,  1835,  at  Stamford,  Canada, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Albany,  by  order  of  Synod.  Minis- 
ters: John  Russell  and  James  Strang,  Territory:  West  of  a 
line  north  and  south  through  Cayuga  Lake.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858,  and  continued  its  organization  as  United  Pres- 
byterian. 

Vermont. — Organized  July  2,  1838,  at  Barnet,  Vt,,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Cambridge,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers: 
Thomas  Goodwillie  and  William  Pringle.  Territory:  The 
State  of  Vermont.  June  5,  1840,  by  act  of  Synod,  declared 
dissolved,  its  ministers  suspended  and  its  congregations  trans- 
ferred to  the  Presbytery  of  Cambridge.  The  Presbytery,  June 
26,  1840,  refused  to  submit  to  the  action  of  the  Synod,  and 
June  15,  1841,  joined  with  others  in  forming  a  Synod.  Re- 
entered the  Synod  in  the  union  of  1854,  Entered  the  union 
of  1858.     May  4,  1858,  adjourned,  and  at  Ryegate,  June  22, 

1858,  met  as  a  Presbytery  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 
Richland. — Organized  Aug.  i,  1838,  at  Wooster,  O.,  from 

the  Presbytery  at  Muskingum,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers: 
Samuel  Irvine,  Samuel  Hindman,  David  Lindsay  and  Joseph 


lOO  HISTORY   OF 

McKee.  Territory:  North  and  west  of  tlie  Tuscarawas  and 
Muskingum  rivers.  May  29,  1844,  enlarged  to  embrace  the 
State  of  Michigan.  Sept.  i,  1852,  divided  by  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Presbytery  of  Detroit.  Entered  the  union  of 
1858.  May  20,  1862,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the 
Moderator. 

Indiana. — Organized  Aug.  8,  1838,  at  Bloomington,  Ind., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Miami,  by  order  of  the  Synod.  Min- 
isters: Nathaniel  Ingles,  James  M.  Henderson,  George  M. 
Hall  and  James  Dickson.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Miami  within  the  State  of  Indiana.  Aug.  9,  1849, 
divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Northern 
Indiana,  and  the  name  changed  to  the  Presbytery  of  Southern 
Indiana.     Entered  the   imion   of  1858.     ,  adjourned, 


Illinois. — Organized  Aug.  8,  1838,  at  Henderson  Church, 
111. ,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Miami,  by  order  of  the  Synod. 
Ministers:  James  C.  Bruce  and  William  Bruce.  Territory: 
That  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Miami  within  the  State  of 
Illinois,  and  the  congregations  northward  and  westward. 
Aug.  19,  1846,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Iowa,  and  June  2,  1848,  by  the  transfer  of  the  congrega- 
tions south  of  the  latitude  of  Rock  Island  to  the  Presbytery 
of  Iowa.  June  2,  1848,  the  name  was  changed  by  order  of 
Synod  to  the  Presbytery  of  Northern  Illinois.  Ministers: 
Thomas  Ferrier,  R.  W.  French  and  Samuel  Collins.  Terri- 
tory :  All  north  of  the  line  of  Rock  Island.  Entered  the  union 
of  1858.   Oct.  7,  1858,  at  Monmouth,  111.,  adjourned  sine  die. 

Iowa. — Organized  Aug.  19,  1846,  at  Crawfordsville,  Iowa, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois,  by  order  of  the  Synod.  Min- 
isters :  William  Smith,  David  Lindsay  and  George  C.  Vincent. 
Territory:  That  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois  west  of  the 
Mississippi  river.  June  2,  1848,  enlarged  by  transfer  of  con- 
gregations from  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois.  (See  Illinois.) 
June  30,  1857,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Monmouth.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  ,  ad- 
journed to  meet . 

Northern  Illinois. — (See  Illinois.) 

Norther7i  Indiana. — Organized  Aug.  9,  1849,  at  Burnett's 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE).  lOI 

Creek,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Indiana,  by  order  of  Synod. 
Ministers:  N.  Ingles,  James  Dickson  and  R.  H.  Pollock. 
Territory :  That  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Indiana  north  of  the 
National  road.     Did  not  enter  the  union  of  1858. 

Southern  Indiana. — (See  Indiana.) 

Clarion. — Organized  July  4,  1849,  ^^  Cherry  Run,  Pa., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Allegheny,  by  order  of  Synod.  Min- 
isters: John  Hindman,  John  Dickey,  John  McAuley  and  John 
Todd.  Territory-:  Northeast  of  Butler  and  Indiana  turnpike, 
and  including  the  congregations  of  Concord,  Pine  Grove  and 
Clearfield.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Feb,  8,  1859,  ad- 
journed to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Illinois. — Organized  by  a  separation  from  the  Presbytery  of 
Illinois,  1848,  at  Sugartree  Grove,  now  Henderson  Church, 
111.,  under  the  authority  of  the  Synod,  formed  in  1841.  Min- 
isters: Andrew  Shiland  and  W.  W.  Harsha.  Territory:  The 
congregations  in  the  State  of  Illinois.  In  the  union  of  1854 
dissolved  by  the  congregations  becoming  subordinate  to  the 
Presbyteries  in  whose  bounds  they  were. 

Oregon. — Organized  Nov.  28,  1851,  at  Willamette,  by 
order  of  Synod.  Ministers:  Thomas  S.  Kendall,  James  P. 
Miller  and  S.  G.  Irvine.  Oct.  20,  1852,  entered  into  union 
with  the  Associate  Reformed  Presbytery  of  Oregon,  and  con- 
stituted the  United  Presbytery  of  Oregon.  Acceded  to  the 
union  of  1858,  and  was  received  by  the  General  Assembly 
May  25,  i860,  with  the  reserved  "right  of  final  juris- 
diction over  all  matters  except  such  as  may  be  appealed 
directly  to  the  General  Assembly."     See  Minutes  of  i860. 

Detroit. — Organized  Sept.  i,  1852,  at  Troy,  Mich.,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  Richland,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers: 
James  M.  Smeallie  and  D.  S.  McHenry.  Territory:  All 
north  of  the  Ohio  and  Michigan  State  line.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858.  April  6,  1858,  at  Troy,  adjourned  to  meet  at 
the  call  of  the  Moderator,  and  June  23,  1858,  at  Birmingham, 
met  as  a  Presbytery  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 

Monmonth. — Organized  June  30,  1857,  at  Henderson 
Church,  111.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Iowa,  by  order  of  Synod. 
Ministers:  John  Scott,  A.  A.  Rodgers,  J.  A.  Edie  and  Elijah 
McCoy.     Territory:  South  of  latitude  of  Rock  Island   and 


I02  HISTORY  OF 

east  of  Mississippi  river;  also  the  congregation  of  Le  Claire, 
Iowa.     Entered  the  union  of  1858. 

Sidlkot. — Organized  Dec.  18,  1856,  by  the  act  of  the  mem- 
bers under  the  recommendation  of  the  Board  of  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, and  subsequently  approved  by  the  Synod.  Ministers: 
Andrew  Gordon,  E.  H.  Stevenson  and  R.  A.  Hill,  Entered 
the  union  of  1858,  and  continued  without  change  as  a  Presby- 
tery of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 

THE  SYNOD. 

The  Associate  Synod  of  North  America. — Organized  May 
20,  1801,  at  Philadelphia,  in  accordance  with  a  resolution  of 
the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  adopted  May  i,  1800.  Pres- 
byteries: Cambridge,  Philadelphia,  Chartiers  and  Kentucky. 
The  action  of  the  Synod  on  slavery  in  1838  resulted  in  the 
separation  and  suspension  of  the  Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas. 
In  1838  parts  of  the  Presbyteries  of  Albany  and  Cambridge 
refused  submission  to  certain  acts  of  the  Synod,  and  main- 
tained separate  organizations.  In  1840  the  Presbytery  01 
Vermont  refused  to  acknowledge  an  order  declaring  its  disso- 
lution and  suspending  its  members.  June  15,  1841,  at  Cam- 
bridge, N.  Y. ,  these  constituted  a  Synod  bearing  the  name  of 
the  Associate  Synod  of  North  America.  May  31,  1854,  a  re- 
union was  effected.  May  26,  1858,  at  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  en- 
tered into  union  with  the  General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Church,  and  constituted  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  of  North  America.  Annual  meetings  were  held  until 
May  31,  1870,  when  the  following  order  was  adopted:  "That 
the  Moderator  and  Clerk  be  continued  in  office  until  their  suc- 
cessors are  elected,  and  that  they,  together  with  the  trustees 
of  the  Synod,  are  hereby  empowered  to  call  future  meetings 
of  this  Synod;  and  of  such  meetings  notice  shall  be  given  not 
less  than  one  month  previously  in  the  periodicals  and  papers 
of  the  Church.  The  time  and  place  of  such  meetings  shall  be 
the  same  as  those  of  the  General  Assembly."  May  30,  1879, 
adjourned  to  meet  at  Xenia,  O.,  at  i  p.  m..  May  27,  1880. 

THE  REFORMED  CHURCH. 
The  Reformed  Presbytery  was  organized  March  10,  1774, 
at  Paxtang,  Dauphin  co.,  Pa.     Ministers:  John  Cuthbertson, 


PRESBYTERIES   (ASSOCIATE   REFORMED).  I03 

Matthew  Lind  and  Alexander  Dobbin.  Nov.  29,  1781, 
agreed  upon  a  basis  of  union  with  the  Presbyteries  of  the 
Associate  Church,  to  constitute  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church.  This  basis  was  prepared  at  a  general  meeting  of  the 
three  Presbyteries,  held  at  Pequea,  Pa.,  in  the  spring  of  1779. 
It  was  adopted  by  the  Presbytery  of  New  York  in  the  spring 
of  1780;  by  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  June  13,  1782. 

THE  ASSOCIATE  REFORMED  CHURCH. 

PRESBYTERIES. 

The  several  Presbyteries  entering  the  union  met  in  Synod 
Nov.  I,  1782,  according  to  the  agreement  of  a  convention 
previously  held.  One  of  the  first  acts  of  the  Synod  was  the 
perfecting  of  the  union  by  a  rearrangement  of  the  ministers 
and  congregations  into  Presbyteries,  designated  as  the  First, 
the  Second,  and  the  Third.  All  processes  and  other  matters 
depending  in  the  several  Presbyteries,  before  the  erection  of 
the  Synod,  were  ordered  to  be  brought  to  an  issue  by  the 
Presbyteries  as  newly  constituted. 

The  First. — Organized  Nov.  i,  1782,  in  Philadelphia,  from 
the  Reformed  Presbytery  and  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, by  an  act  of  the  Synod  of  1782.  Ministers:  John  Cuth- 
bertson,  D.  Telfair,  J.  Proudfit  and  J.  Smith.  Territory:  The 
congregations  in  Pennsylvania  east  of  the  Susquehanna  river. 
Oct.  I,  1786,  by  act  of  Synod  May  31,  1786,  the  territory  was 
enlarged  so  as  to  include  the  congregations  in  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  the  name  was  changed  to  the  Presbytery  of 
New  York.     (See  New  York.) 

The  Second. — Organized  Nov.  i,  1782,  in  Philadelphia, 
from  the  Reformed  Presbytery  and  the  Presbytery  of  Penn- 
sylvania, by  act  of  the  Synod  of  1782.  Ministers:  Matthew 
Henderson,  John  Rodgers,  J.  Murray,  William  Logan,  Mat- 
thew lyind  and  Alexander  Dobbin.  Territory:  The  congre- 
gations in  "Western  Pennsylvania,"  that  is  west  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna river.  Enlarged  in  1785,  so  as  to  embrace  all  the 
congregations  in  the  South.  The  Presbytery  was  properly 
the  continuation  of  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
therefore  the  Synod,  by  act  of  May  31,  1786,  restored  the 
name  Pennsylvania.     (See  Pennsylvania.) 


I04  HISTORY  OF 

The  Third. — Organized  Nov.  i,  1782,  in  Philadelphia,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  New  York,  by  the  act  of  the  Synod  of  1782. 
Ministers:  John  Mason,  Robert  Annan,  David  Annan  and 
Thomas  Clark.  Territory:  The  churches  in  New  York  and 
the  adjacent  States.  This  Presbytery  was  properly  the  con- 
tinuation of  the  Presbytery  of  New  York.  By  the  act  of  the 
Synod,  which  met  May  31,  1786,  the  congregations  in  New 
England  were  from  Oct.  i,  1786,  separated  and  designated 
the  Presbytery  of  Londonderry  (see  Londonderry),  and  Rev. 
John  Mason  and  J.  Proudfit  (now  of  Salem,  N.  Y.),  and  their 
congregations  and  contiguous  vacancies,  were  annexed  to  the 
First  Presbytery,  and  the  name  of  the  First  was  changed  to 
to  the  Presbytery  of  New  York.  (See  the  First  and  New 
York.) 

Pennsylva)iia.  —  The  original  organization  was  in  Nov., 
1753.  (See  Associate,  Pennsylvania.)  June  13,  1782,  the 
majority  entered  into  union  with  the  Reformed  Presbytery. 
The  congregations  of  the  United  Church  west  of  the  Susque- 
hanna river,  were,  by  the  Synod  of  1782,  constituted  the  Sec- 
ond Presbyter}^  (See  The  Second.)  By  act  of  the  Synod  of 
1786,  the  name  Pennsylvania  was  restored.  June  24,  1792, 
divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Second  Presbytery  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  the  name  changed  to  the  First  Presbytery  of 
Pennsylvania.  By  act  of  Synod,  Oct.  22,  1802,  divided  into 
the  Presbyteries  of  Big  Spring  and  Philadelphia,  in  order  to 
constitute  the  Synod  of  Pennsylvania.  (See  Big  Spring  and 
Philadelphia.) 

New  York. — The  original  organization  was  May  20,  1776, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania.  (See  Associate,  New 
York.)  In  the  rearrangement  of  the  Presbyteries  by  the 
Synod  of  1782,  it  was  styled  the  Third  Presbytery.  (See  The 
Third.)  Reorganized  Oct.  4,  1786,  in  New  York,  as  the  Pres- 
bytery of  New  York,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  1786,  from  the 
First  and  Third  Presbyteries,  including  all  the  congregations 
in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  in  Pennsylvania  east  of  the 
Susquehanna  river,  and  Hanover  west  of  it.  (See  The  First.) 
July  14,  1794,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Washington.  The  congregations  in  Pennsylvania  were 
subsequently  transferred  to  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania. 


PRESBYTERIES  (associate   REFORMED).  105 

After  the  defection  of  the  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia  in  1822, 
the  jurisdiction  was  again,  1830,  extended  to  Eastern  Penn- 
sylvania. Aug.  7,  1845,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Philadelphia,  and  July  11,  1854,  by  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Presbytery  of  Boston.  The  majority  refused  to 
enter  the  union  of  1858,  and  attempted  to  maintain  a  separate 
existence.  The  minority  were  recognized  by  the  Synod  as 
the  Presbytery  of  New  York.  Sept.  12,  1876,  adjourned  to 
meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator  or  Clerk. 

Londonderry. — May  31,  1786,  certain  congregations  in  Bos- 
ton and  Londonderry  having  been  received  by  the  Third  Pres- 
bytery, the  Synod  divided  the  Presbytery  (see  The  Third),  the 
congregations  in  New  England,  after  Oct.  i,  as  the  Presbytery 
of  Londonderry.  Ministers:  David  Annan,  William  Morri- 
son, and  Samuel  Taggart.  The  Synod,  which  met  Oct.  19, 
1791,  changed  the  name  to  the  Presbytery  of  New  England, 
but  it  continued  to  be  popularly  known  by  its  former  name. 
May  30,  1801,  in  consequence  of  the  defection  of  the  Presby- 
tery from  the  principles  of  the  Church,  and  insubordination  to 
Synod,  the  Synod  declared  the  Presbytery  no  longer  in  its 
connection,  and  disclaimed  all  responsibility  for  any  of  its 
transactions. 

The  Carolinas  and  Georgia. — Organized  Feb.  24,  1790,  at 
Long  Cane,  Abbeville  district,  S.  C,  by  order  of  the  Synod. 
Ministers :  Thomas  Clark,  Peter  McMullan,  David  Bothwell, 
John  Boyse  and  James  Rogers  (licentiate).  Territory:  The 
congregations  in  North  Carolina,  South  Carolina  and  Geor- 
gia. Ap.  8,  1801,  divided  for  the  organization  of  the  Second 
Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas,  and  thereafter  known  as  the  First 
Presbytery  of  the  Carolinas,  now  known  as  the  First  Presby- 
tery of  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  South. 

The  First  Pennsylvania. — (See  Pennsylvania.) 

The  Second  Pennsylvania. — Organized  June  24,  1793,  at 
the  Yough  meeting  house  (now  Bethesda),  from  the  Presby- 
tery of  Pennsylvania,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers:  Mat- 
thew Henderson,  John  Jamieson,  Adam  Rankin,  Robert  War- 
wick. Territory:  All  west  of  the  Allegheny  mountains.  By 
the  act  of  Synod,  May  20,  1800,  divided  by  an  order  for  the 
formation  of  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky.     (See  Kentucky.) 


I06  HISTORY   OF 

Ministers  after  the  division:  M.  Henderson,  J.  Riddell  and 
David  Proudfit,  Oct.  22,  1802,  the  name  was  changed  by  act 
of  Synod  to  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela.  (See  Mononga- 
hela.) 

Washmgton. — Organized  July  14,  1794,  at  Hebron,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  New  York,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers  : 
James  Proudfit,  John  Dunlap,  George  Mairs  and  James  Mairs. 
Territory:  The  northern  part  of  the  State  of  New  York. 
Oct.  II,  1808,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Saratoga.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Oct.  9,  1862,  ad- 
journed to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Kentucky. — Oct.  7,  1799,  the  Second  Presbytery  of  Penn- 
sylvania appointed  the  members  residing  in  Kentucky,  viz: 
Adam  Rankin,  John  Steele  and  Robert  Warwick,  with  an 
elder  from  each  of  their  charges,  a  ' '  committee ' '  to  meet 
from  time  to  time  and  transact  such  business  as  might  come 
before  them.  May  20,  1800,  the  Synod  adopted  an  order  for 
the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky,  at  such  time 
and  place  as  may  be  agreed  upon,  after  sermon  by  Rev.  A. 
Rankin.  Ministers:  Adam  Rankin,  Robert  Warwick,  John 
Steele  and  Abraham  Craig.  Territory:  The  congregations 
in  Kentucky,  and  afterwards  enlarged  to  include  southern 
and  central  Ohio.  Nov.  11,  1800,  Mr.  Warwick  declined  the 
authority  of  the  committee  of  the  Second  Presbytery  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  withdrew  from  the  Church.  Jan.  i,  1817, 
divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Ohio.  Aug. 
30,  1820,  reconstituted  under  the  Synod  of  the  West.  May 
21,  1823,  strengthened  by  the  temporary  transfer  of  Rev. 
William  Balbridge  and  his  congregations.  Cherry  Fork  and 
West  Fork.  Oct.  23,  1837,  dissolved  by  act  of  Synod.  Revs. 
W.  H.  Rainey  and  H.  Mayne,  and  the  congregations  east  of 
a  line  due  south  from  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami  river, 
were  attached  to  the  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  and  Revs. 
James  McAuley,  Jr.,  and  J.  E.  Hannon  and  the  congrega- 
tions west  of  the  above  line  to  the  Presbytery  of  Indiana. 
Subsequently  the  congregations  that  remained  became  subor- 
dinate to  the  Synod  of  the  South. 

The  Carolinas  and  Georgia^   Second. — Organized  Ap.   8, 
1801,  at  Cedar  Spring,  S.  C,  by  division  of  the  Presbytery 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE  REFORMED).  107 

of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia,  by  order  of  Synod.  Ministers: 
Alexander  Porter,  William  Dixon,  Peter  McMuUan  and 
David  Bothwell.  Territory:  All  southwest  of  the  Broad 
river.  Now  known  as  the  Second  Presbytery  of  the  Associate 
Reformed  Synod  of  the  South. 

Monongahela. — Organized  June  24,  1793,  as  the  Second 
Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  by  order  of  Synod.  Oct.  22, 
1802,  the  name  was  changed  by  order  of  Synod  to  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Monongahela.  May  9,  1821,  reconstituted  at  Rob- 
inson's Run,  under  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the 
West.  Divided  Aug,  11,  1824,  by  the  organization  of  the 
Second  Presbytery  of  Ohio;  Jan.  7,  1829,  ^7  ^^^  organization 
of  the  Presbytery  of  the  Lakes;  June  12,  1839,  by  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Steubenville  Presbytery;  Nov.  18,  1840,  by  the 
organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Blairsville;  Oct.  20,  1857,  by 
the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Allegheny.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858,  Nov.  3,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  in  the 
Second  United  Presbyterian  Church,  Pittsburgh,  Dec.  28, 
1858,  but  there  is  no  record  of  the  meeting. 

Big  Spring. — Organized  May  18,  1803,  at  "Mr.  Logan's 
church,"  Fermanagh,  now  Mexico,  Pa.,  by  order  of  the 
Synod,  from  the  First  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania  (see  Penn- 
sylvania). Ministers:  Wm.  Logan,  John  Young,  Thomas 
Smith,  James  Walker,  James  McConnell,  William  Baldridge 
and  James  Harper,  Jr.  Territory:  The  Cumberland  valley 
and  adjoining  counties,  and  south  to  the  James  river.  The 
Presbytery  was  disorganized  by  the  attempt  of  the  General 
Synod  of  1822  to  unite  with  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and 
May  26,  1823,  ^^s  congregations  were  taken  under  the  care  of 
the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela.  Aug.  24,  1825,  reorganized 
at  Tuscarora,  by  authority  of  the  Synod  of  the  West.  Minis- 
ters: Alexander  Sharpe,  Thomas  Smith.  Ap.  2,  1834, 
strengthened  temporarily  by  transfer  of  Rev.  N,  C.  Weede 
and  the  congregations  of  Bethel,  Indiana  Co.,  and  connec- 
tions from  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858.  Ap.  11,  i860,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call 
of  the  Moderator. 

Philadelphia. — Organized  May  23,  1803,  at  Rock  Creek, 
Pa.,   by  order  of  the  Synod,  from  the  First  Presbytery  of 


I08  HISTORY  OF 

Pennsylvania  (see  Pennsylvania).  Ministers:  Robert  Annan, 
Alexander  Dobbin  and  Ebenezer  Dickey.  Territor}^':  East- 
ward of  the  Cumberland  valley.  In  1822  the  majority  entered 
into  the  union  with  the  Presbyterian  Church.  The  congre- 
gations remaining  were  subsequently  under  the  care  of  the 
Presbyteries  of  New  York  and  Big  Spring. 

Saratoga. — Organized  Oct.  11,  1808,  at  Broadalbin,  N.  Y., 
by  order  of  the  Synod  of  New  York,  from  the  Presbytery  of 
Washington.  Ministers:  James  Mairs,  Wm.  McAuley,  John 
Burns,  Robert  Proudfit.  Territory :  North  of  Orange  Co.  and 
west  of  the  Hudson  river.  May  18,  1810,  the  Albany  congre- 
gation was  transferred  by  Synod  to  the  Presbytery  of  New 
York;  Nov.    15,    1827,    divided   by  the  organization   of  the 

Presbytery  of  Caledonia.   Entered  the  union  of  1858.    , 

adjourned  to  meet  in  Stamford,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  6,  1865,  but 
there  is  no  record  of  the  meeting. 

Ohio. — Organized  Ap.  9,  1817,  at  Xenia,  by  order  of  the 
General  Synod,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky,  the  divi- 
sion to  be  in  effect  from  Jan.  i,  1818.  Ministers:  William 
Baldridge,  Alexander  Porter,  David  Risk,  Samuel  Crothers, 
John  McFarland  and  Abraham  Craig.  Territory:  Southwest- 
ern part  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  May  2,  1820,  reconstituted 
under  the  Synod  of  the  West.  June  i,  1824,  William  Bald- 
ridge and  charge  were  transferred  to  the  Presbytery  of  Ken- 
tucky temporarily.  This  arrangement  terminated  about  1828. 
After  the  organization  of  the  Second  Ohio,  Aug.  11,  1824, 
the  Presbytery  was  known  as  the  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio. 
May  8,  1833,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Indiana.  Oct.  23,  1837,  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  the 
part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Kentucky  east  of  a  line  due  south 
from  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami.  Sept.  4,  1839,  divided 
by  the  organization  of  the  Presbyteries  of  Chillicothe  and 
Springfield.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  At  Fairhaven,  O., 
Dec.  21,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  at  Springdale,  Ap.  5,  1859. 
There  is  no  record  to  show  that  the  meeting  was  held. 

Allegheny. — May  28,  1819,  the  Synod  gave  order  for  the 
organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Allegheny,  at  Mercer,  Pa. , 
July  7,  1819,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela.  Minis- 
ters: Joseph   McElroy,  James  McConnell,   A.   D.   Campbell, 


PRESBYTERIES   (ASSOCIATE   REFORMED).  109 

Robert  Reid.     The  Presbytery  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
organized. 

The  First  Ohio.—{SQ.&  Ohio.) 

The  Second  (9/^/o.— Organized  Aug.  11,  1824,  at  Crooked 
Creek,  (now  New  Concord,)  O.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Mon- 
ongahela,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers: 
David  Proudfit,  Abraham  Craig,  William  Taggart  and  James 
Johnson.  Territory:  All  north  and  east  of  the  Hockhock- 
ing  river,  and  west  of  the  Ohio,  except  the  congregation  of 
Steubenville.  Nov.  15,  1837,  divided  by  the  organization  of 
the  Presbytery  of  Mansfield.  Ap.  11,  1855,  divided  by  the  or- 
ganization of  the  Presbytery  of  Sharon.  Sep.  29,  1857,  terri- 
tory enlarged  by  the  restoration  of  the  congregations  given  to 
the  Presbytery  of  Sharon.  (See  Sharon.)  Entered  the  union 
of  1858.  Ap.  14,  1859,  at  Cambridge,  Ohio,  adjourned  to 
meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Caledonia. — Organized  Nov.  15,  1827,  ^^  Seneca,  N.  Y., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Saratoga,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of 
New  York.  Ministers:  Donald  C.  McLaren,  H.  S.  Wilkin, 
Wm.  Nesbit  and  David  Currie.  Territory:  The  "Western 
portion"  of  the  Presbytery  of  Saratoga.  Entered  the  union 
of  1858.  Sep.  18,  1878,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the 
Moderator,  at  a  convenient  time  and  place,  in  Sep.  1879. 

Lakes. — Organized  Jan.  7,  1829,  ^^  Mercer,  Pa.,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Monongahela,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  the 
West.  Ministers:  Robert  Reid,  James  L.  Dinwiddle,  Isaiah 
Niblock,  David  Norwood  and  S.  F.  Smith.  Territory:  West 
of  the  Allegheny  river  and  north  of  Beaver  county  to  Lake 
Erie.  Ap.  20,  1853,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Pres- 
byteries of  Butler  and  Lawrence.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
May  8,  1861,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Indiana. — Organized  May  8,  1833,  at  Springfield  Church, 
111. ,  from  the  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  by  order  of  the  Synod 
of  the  West.  Ministers:  James  Worth,  Samuel  C.  Baldridge 
and  John  Reynolds.  Territory:  The  State  of  Indiana  and 
Illinois,  except  the  congregation  of  Richmand,  Ind.  Oct. 
23,  1837,  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  that  part  of  the  Presby- 
tery of  Kentucky  west  of  a  line  due  south  from  the  mouth  of 
the  Great  Miami.     (See  Kentucky.)     Ap.  6,  1842,  divided  by 


no  HISTORY   OF 

the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois,  and  Ap.  13, 
1843,  ^y  ^^^^  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Michigan. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Ap.  13,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet 
at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Mansfield. — Organized  Nov.  15,  1837,  at  Mansfield,  O., 
from  the  Second  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  by  order  of  the  Synod 
of  the  West.  Ministers:  James  Johnston,  J.  Arbuthnot  and 
J.  Walker,  Territory:  North  of  the  National  road  and  west 
of  the  canal,  including  the  congregation  of  White  Eyes. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.     ,  adjourned,  . 

Chillicothe. — Organized  Sep.  4,  1839,  at  Greenfield,  Ohio, 
from  the  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  Joseph  Claybaugh,  Robert  Stewart, 
James  Caskey,  John  Graham,  William  Taylor,  Hugh  Mayne 
and  W.  H.  Rainey.  Territory:  Eastward  to  the  Hockhock- 
ing  river,  from  a  line  through  Williamsburg,  in  Clermont  co., 
and  Wilmington,  in  Clinton  county,  and  southward,  includ- 
ing the  adhering  congregations  in  Kentucky.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858.  Ap.  20,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call 
of  the  Moderator  or  oldest  minister.  The  last  meeting  was 
held  Ap.  16,  1863. 

Springfield. — Organized  Sep.  4,  1839,  at  Springfield,  O., 
from  the  First  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  Samuel  Sturgeon,  James  N.  Gamble, 
J.  F,  Sawyer,  J.  C.  Porter  and  J.  R.  Bonner.  Territory: 
Northward  from  a  line  through  Greenville,  in  Darke  Co. ,  and 
Bellebrooke,  in  Greene  Co.,  to  the  National  Road,  and  east- 
ward to  the  Presbyteries  of  Mansfield  and  Second  Ohio.  Ap. 
4,  1854,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Sid- 
ney. Ap.  13,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  at  Sugar  Creek  Sept. 
14,  1858,  but  there  is  no  record  of  the  meeting. 

Stenbenville. — Organized  June  12,  1839,  at  Paris,  Pa.,  as 
the  Presbytery  of  Wheeling,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Monon- 
gahela  and  Second  Ohio,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  the  West. 
Ministers:  William  Wallace,  George  Buchanan,  Samuel  Tag- 
gart,  J.  M.  Galloway,  William  Taggart,  Hugh  Parks,  William 
Lorimer  and  J.  Donaldson,  Territory:  From  New  Lisbon, 
O.,  southeasterly  to  Georgetown;  thence  to  Washington,  Pa. ; 
thence  due  south.     Oct,  19,  1839,  the  boundary  was  changed 


PRESBYTERIES   (ASSOCIATE   REFORMED).  Ill 

SO  as  to  restore  Upper  Wheeling  (Rev.  William  Taggart,  pas- 
tor,) and  Moorefield  to  the  Second  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  and 
the  name  was  changed  to  the  Presbytery  of  Steubenville. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.  At  a  meeting  held  in  Second 
Church,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Oct.  7,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  in 
Steubenville,  O.,  Dec.  7,  1858,  at  which  time  it  met  as  a  Pres- 
bytery of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 

Blairsville. — Organized  Nov.  18,  1840,  at  Turtle  Creek, 
from  Monongahela  Presbytery,  by  order  of  the  First  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  Richard  Gailey,  J.  G.  Fulton,  Jonathan 
Gill,  William  Connor,  Joseph  Osborne  and  Matthew  McKin- 
stry.  Territor}':  North  of  the  Youghiogheny  river,  east  of  a 
line  from  West  Newton,  along  western  boundary  of  West- 
moreland Co.  to  the  Allegheny  river  at  the  mouth  of  the  Kis- 
kiminitas.  A  temporary  arrangement,  assigning  Revs.  J.  G. 
Fulton,  William  Connor,  Joseph  Osborne  and  M,  McKinstry 
to  the  new  Presbytery,  became  permanent,  and  the  territory 
was  east  of  the  Monongahela  river.  Turtle  creek  and  the  Alle- 
gheny river  to  the  mountains.  Divided  Ap.  11,  1855,  by  the 
organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Westmoreland.  Sep.  1856, 
by  act  of  Synod  temporarily  annexed  to  the  Presbytery  of 
Westmoreland.  Re-constituted  Nov.  3,  1857.  Entered  the 
union  of  1858.  Oct.  27,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  Ap.  12,  1859, 
but  no  formal  meeting  was  subsequently  held. 

Illinois. — Organized  Ap.  6,  1842,  at  Peoria,  Ills.,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Indiana,  by  order  of  the  Second  Synod  of  the 
West.  Ministers:  James  McAuley,  John  Wallace,  Andrew  S. 
Fulton,  Joseph  Thompson,  James  C.  Porter  and  John  Freetly. 
Territory:  The  State  of  Illinois  and  northward  and  westward. 
Oct.  9,  1851,  the  Second  Synod  of  the  West  gave  order  for 
the  division  of  the  Presbytery  into  three,  viz :  The  First  and 
Second  Presbyteries  of  Illinois  and  the  Presbytery  of  Iowa,  in 
order  to  constitute  the  Synod  of  Illinois. 

Michigan. — Organized  Ap.  13,  1843,  ^^  Oswego,  Ind.,  from 
the  Presbyter}'  of  Indiana,  by  order  of  the  Second  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  Wilson  Plain,  R.  R.  Coon  and  John  H. 
Bonner.  Territor}^:  The  State  of  Indiana,  north  of  latitude 
40°,  and  the  State  of  Michigan.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
May  15,  1874,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 


112  HISTORY   OF 

Philadelphia. — Organized  Aug.  7,  1845,  ^^  Philadelphia, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  New  York,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of 
New  York.  Ministers:  John  F.  McLaren,  John  B.  Dales  and 
James  B.  Scouller.  Territor>^:  That  part  of  the  Presbytery 
of  New  York  south  of  40°  north  latitude  and  west  of  2°  20' 
east  longitude  from  Washington.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
Ap.  30,  1 86 1,  adjourned. 

The  First  Illinois. — Organized  Ap.  13,  1852.  at  Bethel 
Church,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois,  by  order  of  the  Second 
Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  James  Morrow,  M.  M,  Brown, 
David  MacDill,  John  M.  Gordon.  Territory:  All  that  part 
of  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois  lying  south  of  a  line  east  and 
west  through  the  city  of  Alton.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
Ap.  29,  1859,  by  formal  act,  recognized  the  United  Presby- 
terian Presbytery  of  St.  Louis  (now  Southern  Illinois)  as  its 
legal  successor  in  all  matters,  and  transferred  to  it  all  rights, 
interests  and  obligations,  to  be  used  according  to  their  true 
intent  and  purpose.  Adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the 
Moderator. 

The  Second  Illinois. — Organized  Ap.  13,  1852,  at  Ellisville, 
111.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Illinois,  by  order  of  the  Second 
Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  James  C.  Porter,  N.  C. 
Weede,  David  C.  Cochran,  R.  R.  Coon,  John  Erectly,  G.  W. 
Gowdy,  Samuel  Millen,  Robert  Ross  and  John  Wallace. 
Territory:  North  of  a  line  due  east  from  Alton  and  east  of 
the  Mississippi  river.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Ap.  13, 
1859,  too^  "  ^  recess  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator." 

lotva. — Organized  Ap.  14,  1852,  at  New  London,  la.,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  Illinois,  by  order  of  the  Second  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  W.  W.  Graham,  Alexander  Pattison,  R. 
N.  Fee  Joseph  Benton,  William  Dalzell,  Samuel  Sturgeon. 
Territory:  West  of  the  Mississippi  river  and  north  of  aline 
due  west  from  Alton,  111.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  Ap. 
14,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

Oregon. — Organized  Oct.  19,  1852,  at  Union  Point,  by 
order  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  West.  The  General  Synod 
appointed  Sep.  7,  as  the  time  for  the  organization,  and  gave 
discretionary  power  as  to  union  with  the  Associate  Presby- 
tery.    Ministers:  Wilson  Plain,  James  Worth.  J.  M.  Dick  and 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE   REFORMED).  II3 

S.  D.  Gager.  Oct.  20,  1852,  entered  into  union  with  the  As- 
sociate Presbytery,  on  a  basis  agreed  upon  in  convention  Sept. 
17,  1852,  and  constituted  the  United  Presbytery  of  Oregon. 
The  General  Synod  of  1853  approved  the  action  taken.  Ac- 
ceded to  the  union  of  1858,  and  was  received  by  the  General 
Assembly  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  May  25,  i860, 
with  the  reserved  right  of  final  power  in  case  of  discipline. 

Butler. — Organized  Ap.  20,  1853,  at  Butler,  Pa.,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  the  Lakes,  by  the  order  of  the  First  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  Isaiah  Niblock,  William  Findley,  Wil- 
liam P.  Breaden,  James  H.  Fife,  John  N.  Dick  and  William 
C.  Pollock.  Territory:  South  of  a  line  east,  and  east  of  a 
line  south  from  Mercer  to  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.  May  i,  1861,  at  White  Oak 
Springs,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator  or 
Clerk. 

Lazvrence. — Organized  Ap.  20,  1853,  at  New  Castle,  Pa., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  the  Lakes,  by  order  of  the  First  Synod 
of  the  West.  Ministers:  John  Neil,  Robert  W.  Oliver,  R. 
Audley  Browne,  William  A.  Mehard  and  J.  P.  Chambers. 
Territory:  South  of  a  line  west,  and  west  of  a  line  south  from 
Mercer  to  the  Monongahela  Presbytery.  Entered  the  union 
of  1858.  At  Mercer,  Jan.  5,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the 
call  of  the  Moderator. 

Sidney. — Organized  Ap.  4,  1854,  at  Sidney,  O.,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Springfield,  by  order  of  the  Second  Synod  of 
the  West.  Ministers:  J.  R.  Bonner,  C.  T.  McCaughan,  Jack- 
son Duff,  J.  K.  Andrews,  J.  F.  Hutchinson,  J.  R.  Findley 
and  Samuel  Wallace.  Territory:  North  of  the  line  between 
Clark  and  Champaign  counties,  extended  east  and  west. 
Entered  the  union  of  1858.  At  Belfontaine,  O.,  June  9,  1858, 
adjourned  to  meet  at  Piqua,  O.,  Oct.  12,  1858,  at  which  time 
and  place  it  met  as  a  Presbytery  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church. 

Boston. — Organized  July  11,  1854,  at  Boston,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  New  York,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  New  York. 
Ministers:  Alexander  Blaikie,  David  A.  Wallace,  William 
McMillan  and  James  Otterson.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
Sept.  6,  1876,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 
8 


114  HISTORY  OF 

Sharon. — Organized  Ap.  ii,  1855,  at  Sharon  O. ,  from  the 
Presbyteries  of  Second  Ohio  and  Steubenville,  by  order  of  the 
First  Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  Randall  Ross,  S.  M. 
Hutchinson,  D.  B.  Jones,  James  McNeal  and  James  Borrows. 
Territory:  East  of  the  Hocking  river  and  south  of  a  line  from 
Logan,  McConnellsville,  Sarahsville  and  Woodfield,  and 
thence  east  to  the  Ohio  river.  Sep.  29,  1857,  dissolved  by  act 
of  the  Synod,  and  the  part  formerly  included  in  the  Second 
Presbytery  of  Ohio  restored  to  that  Presbytery,  and  the  part 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Steubenville  transferred  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  Wheeling;  the  books  and  papers  committed  to  the 
Second  Presbytery  of  Ohio. 

Wheeling. — Organized  Ap.  11,  1855,  at  St.  Clairsville,  O., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Steubenville,  by  order  of  the  First 
Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  William  Taggart,  Alexander 
Wilson,  Alexander  D.  Clark,  James  T.  McClure,  Alexander 
Young,  J.  C.  Forsyth  and  Hugh  Parks.  Territory:  From 
West  Alexander,  Pa.,  by  Short  Creek  and  Ohio  Creek  to  Cadiz; 
thence  by  the  New  Philadelphia  road  to  the  line  of  the  Second 
Presbytery  of  Ohio.  Entered  the  union  of  1858.  ,  ad- 
journed to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  IModerator. 

Westmoreland, — Organized  Ap.  11,  1855,  at  Turtle  Creek, 
Pa. ,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Blairsville,  by  order  of  the  First 
Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  Matthew  McKinstry,  J.  G. 
Fulton,  William  Conner,  Samuel  Jamison,  D.  H.  Pollock,  J. 
C.  Bryson,  James  Kelso,  James  H.  Fife,  and  A.  G.  Wallace. 
Territory:  East  of  the  Monongahela  river.  Turtle  Creek,  and 
the  Allegheny  river,  and  south  of  the  Kiskiminitas  river. 
From  Sept.  — ,  1856,  to  Nov.  3,  1857,  enlarged  by  the  tem- 
porary annexation  of  the  Presbytery  of  Blairsville.  Entered 
the  union  of  1858.  Ap.  12,  1859,  adjourned  to  meet  at  the 
call  of  the  Moderator,  or,  in  case  of  his  absence  or  disability, 
at  the  call  of  the  oldest  member.  The  last  meeting  recorded 
was  held  at  Turtle  Creek,  Ap.  15,  1863. 

Le  Claire. — Organized  Nov.  11,  1856,  at  Iowa  City,  la., 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Iowa,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois. 
Ministers:  Henry  Allen,  Robert  S.  Campbell,  Samuel  F.  Van- 
natta,  and  R.  N.  Fee.  Territory:  North  of  a  line  west  from 
the  mouth  of  Iowa  river  to  the  south-west  corner  of  Washing- 


PRESBYTERIES  (associate   REFORMED).  II5 

ton  Co.;  thence  to  Fort  Des  Moines;  thence  westward.     En- 
tered the  union  of  1858.     Aug.  22,  1861,  adjourned. 

Allegheny. — Organized  Oct.  20,  1857,  at  the  First  Church, 
Allegheny,  Pa.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela,  by  order 
of  the  First  Synod  of  the  West.  Ministers:  John  T.  Pressly, 
John  C.  Steele,  A.  G.  Shafer,  D.  G.  Bradford,  J.  C.  Bryson, 
J.  ly,  Fairley,  Samuel  Patterson,  W.  L.  McConnel,  and  James 
Given.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  Monongahela  Presbytery 
lying  west  of  the  Allegheny  river  and  north  of  the  Pittsburgh 
and  Steubenville  turnpike.  Entered  the  union  of  1858. 
,  adjourned . 

Note. — The  Presbyteries  of  the  Synod  of  New  York  maintain  their  organ- 
ization, and  hold  stated  meetings,  in  order  to  preserve  certain  vested  civil 
rights. 

Synods. 

77?^  Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. — Organized 
Nov.  I,  1782,  in  the  house  of  William  Richards,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  according  to  arrangements  made  in  general  convention 
Oct.  30.  It  was  composed  of  the  Presbyteries  formerly  known 
as  the  Associate  Presbyteries  of  Pennsylvania  and  New  York 
and  the  Reformed  Presbytery,  numbering  fourteen  ministers. 
May  31,  1799,  adopted  the  Confession  of  Faith,  the  Larger 
and  Shorter  Catechisms,  the  Form  of  Church  Government, 
and  the  Directory  for  Worship,  as  amended,  as  the  Constitu- 
tion and  Standards  of  the  Church.  Oct.  22,  1802,  gave  order 
for  its  division  and  dissolution  by  the  organization  of  the 
Synod  of  New  York,  the  jSynod  of  Pennsylvania,  the  Synod 
of  Scioto,  and  the  Synod  of  the  Carolinas,  and  appointed  a 
General  Synod  of  delegates  from  the  Presbyteries,  to  be  held 
May  30,  1804.     Oct.  30,  1802,  dissolved. 

The  Synod  of  Neiv  York. — Organized  May  27,  1803,  at  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y.  Presbyteries:  New  York  and  Washington. 
After  the  dissolution  of  the  General  Synod  in  1822,  continued 
as  an  independent  Synod.  May  17,  1855,  entered  into  union 
with  the  General  Synod  of  the  West,  to  constitute  the  Gen- 
eral Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  of  North  Amer- 
ica, to  meet  the  following  year.  July  3,  1861,  it  was  decided 
by  the  civil  court  that  the  legal  powers  and  rights  of  the 
Synod  were  not  impaired  by  the  union  of  1858.     Oct.  7,  1878, 


Il6  HISTORY  OF 

at  New  York,  adjourned  to  meet  at  West  Hebron,  N.  Y., 
Sept.  25,  1879. 

The  Synod  of  Pennsylvania. — Organized  May  25,  1803,  at 
Marsh  Creek,  Pa.  Presbyteries:  Philadelphia  and  Big  Spring. 
The  Presbyteries  were  disintegrated  and  the  Synod  disorgan- 
ized in  1822,  by  the  attempt  of  the  General  Synod  to  form  a 
union  with  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

The  Synod  of  the  Carol inas. — Organized  May  9,  1803,  at 
Ebenezer  church,  Fairfield  District,  S.  C.  Presbyteries:  The 
First  and  the  Second  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia.  May  19, 
1 82 1,  at  its  own  request,  it  was  authorized  by  the  General 
Synod  to  become  an  independent  and  coordinate  Synod;  and, 
Ap.  I,  1822,  by  resolution,  did  so  become  independent,  under 
the  name.  The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  South,  and 
still  exists  as  a  separate  ecclesiastical  organization. 

The  Synod  of  Scioto. — Organized  May  2,  1804,  at  Chilli- 
cothe,  O.  Presbyteries:  Monongahela  and  Kentucky.  Oct.  28, 
1819,  resolved  to  withdraw  from  subordination  to  the  General 
Synod,  and,  at  its  next  meeting,  to  constitute  as  an  indepen- 
dent Synod,  adhering  to  the  Confession  of  Faith,  Larger  and 
Shorter  Catechisms,  Form  of  Church  Government  and  Direc- 
tories for  Worship  as  received  at  Greencastle,  Pa.,  on  the  31st 
of  May,  1799;  and  on  this  ground  reciprocating  ministerial 
and  Christian  communion  with  other  branches  of  the  Associ- 
ate Reformed  Church.  Accordingly,  Ap.  27,  1820,  the  Synod 
dissolved,  to  be  reconstituted  as  an  independent  and  coordinate 
Synod,  under  the  name,  The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of 
the  West. 

The  General  Synod. — Organized  May  30,  1804,  at  Green- 
castle, Pa.  Synods:  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Scioto  and 
the  Carolinas.  Ap,  27,  1820,  the  Synod  of  Scioto  withdrew 
and  became  an  independent  Synod.  (See  Scioto.)  May  19, 
1 82 1,  the  Synod  of  the  Carolinas  was  authorized  to  become 
independent  and  coordinate.  May  21,  1822,  against  the 
judgment  of  a  majority  of  the  Presbyteries,  the  General 
Synod,  by  a  vote  of  yeas  7,  nays  5,  silent  4,  adopted  a  basis 
of  union  with  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  and  on  May  23  dissolved.  In  consequence  of  this 
action  the  Presbyteries  of  Big  Spring  and  Philadelphia  were 
disorganized,  and  the  Synod  of  Pennsylvania  ceased  to  exist. 


PRESBYTERIES  (ASSOCIATE   REFORMED).  I17 

The  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  Ap.  27,  1820,  at  Rush 
Creek,  O.,  according  to  an  act  of  the  Synod  of  Scioto.  (See 
Scioto.)  Presbyteries:  Monogahela,  Ohio  and  Kentucky. 
Territory:  All  west  of  the  Allegheny  mountains.  May  26, 
1823,  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  the  congregations  remain- 
ing of  the  Big  Spring  Presbytery  to  the  Presbytery  of  Monon- 
gahela.  About  1845  ^^  congregations  in  Kentucky  with- 
drew. Oct.  19,  1839,  adopted  resolutions  for  division  into  the 
First  and  Second  Synods  of  the  West,  and  for  the  organization 
of  a  General  Synod,  with  appellate  jurisdiction  only  in  cases 
of  doctrine,  and  subject  to  the  majority  of  the  entire  vote  of 
the  church  in  all  matters  overtured.  Oct.  21,  1839,  adjourned 
sine  die. 

The  First  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  Oct.  21,  1840,  at 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. ,  according  to  the  order  of  the  Synod  of  the 
West.  Presbyteries:  Monongahela,  Big  Spring,  the  Lakes, 
Second  Ohio,  Mansfield  and  Steubenville.  Feb.  2,  1875,  ad- 
journed to  meet  at  the  call  of  the  Moderator. 

The  Second  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  Oct.  21,  1839, 
at  Chillicothe,  O. ,  according  to  the  order  of  the  Synod  of  the 
West.  Presbyteries:  First  Ohio,  Indiana,  Chillicothe  and 
Springfield.  Oct.  13,  1852,  divided  by  the  organization  of 
the  Synod  of  Illinois.     ,  i860,  at  New  Zion,  adjourned 


The  Synod  of  Illinois. — Organized  Oct.  13,  1852,  at 
Oquawka,  111.,  from  the  Second  Synod  of  the  West  by  order 
of  the  General  Synod.     Presbyteries:  The  First  and  Second 

Presbyteries  of  Illinois  and  the  Presbytery  of  Iowa.     , 

adjourned . 

The  General  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  June  9,  1841, 
at  Crooked  Creek  (New  Concord),  O.  Synods;  The  First  and 
Second  of  the  West.  May  17,  1855,  entered  into  an  agree- 
ment with  the  Synod  of  New  York  for  the  re-organization  of 
the  General  Synod  on  the  basis  of  "the  Confession  of  Faith, 
Larger  and  Shorter  Catechisms,  together  with  the  Govern- 
ment and  Discipline  of  the  Church  and  the  Directories  for 
Public  and  Private  Worship,  as  judicially  ratified  by  the  As- 
sociate Reformed  Synod  at  Greencastle,  May  31,  1799,"  ex- 
cept that  the  General  Synod  shall  not  have  appellate  power 


Il8  HISTORY  OF 

in  cases  of  discipline,  the  several  Synods  to  retain  exclusive 
control  of  the  institutions  and  property  belonging  to  each, 
and  the  name  of  the  Supreme  judicatory  hereafter  to  be  The 
General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  of  North 
America.     May  21,  1855,  dissolved. 

The  General  Synod  of  North  America. — Organized  May 
28,  1856,  at  Allegheny,  Pa.  Synods:  New  York,  the  First 
and  Second  of  the  West,  and  Illinois.  Twenty-seven  Pres- 
byteries were  represented  by  delegates.  This  Synod  was  de- 
clared to  sustain  the  same  relation  to  the  Presbyteries  of  the 
united  body  which  the  former  General  Synods  sustained  to 
the  Presbyteries  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  West.  Minutes 
1856,  p.  22.  A  basis  of  union  with  the  Associate  Synod  of 
North  America  having  been  overtured  and  adopted  by  the 
Presbyteries,  the  General  Synod,  May  22,  1858,  by  a  vote  of 
93  ayes  and  4  nays,  formally  agreed  to  the  consummation  of 
the  union.  The  union  was  formally  consummated  in  an  ag- 
gregate meeting  of  the  Synods  in  City  Hall,  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
at  10)^  o'clock.  May  26,  1858,  thus  constituting  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church  of  North  America.  After  the  formal 
ceremony  of  union,  the  General  Synod  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian Church  was  organized  by  the  election  of  the  Rev.  John 
T.  Pressly  as  Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  Samuel  Wilson  as 
Clerk.  Adjourned  to  meet  in  Xenia,  O.,  May  18,  1859,  at  7^ 
o'clock  p.  m.  The  General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church  adjourned  May  26,  1858,  to  meet  at  Xenia,  O.,  May 
18,  1859,  ^^  2  o'clock  p.  m.  May  26,  i860,  the  General 
Synod,  at  Philadelphia,  adjourned  to  meet  in  Monmouth,  111., 
May  16,  1861,  but  there  is  no  record  of  the  proceedings.  A 
meeting  was  held  in  Xenia,  O.,  May  27,  1863,  called  for  the 
disposition  of  certain  funds.  Adjourned  to  meet  at  the  call 
of  the  Moderator.  J.  T.  Pressly  was  Moderator  of  both  meet- 
ings, and  James  Duncan  was  Clerk  of  1863.  For  the  Pro- 
ceedings of  i860  see  the  United  Presbyterian  of  June  6,  i860; 
and  of  1863,  see  the  same  of  June  11,  1863. 


SYNODS   (united   PRESBYTERIAN).  II9 


Historical  Record 

OF  THE 

GENERAL  ASSEMBLY,  THE  SYNODS,  AND  THE  PRESBYTERIES 

OF  THE  UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH  OF 

NORTH  AMERICA. 


THE  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY. 

IN  the  Adopting  Act  it  was  agreed  ' '  that  the  supreme  court 
of  the  United  Church  shall  be  a  General  Assembly,  to  meet 
annually,  to  be  composed  of  delegates  from  the  respective 
Presbyteries,  the  number  of  delegates  to  be  according  to  the 
proportion  of  the  members  constituting  each  Presbytery,  as 
now  fixed  by  the  rules  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  until 
a  change  shall  be  found  expedient." — Digest^  p.  222.  It  was 
also  agreed  that  the  first  General  Assembly  should  be  held  in 
Xenia,  O.,  on  the  third  Wednesday  of  May,  1859,  at  7:30  p.  m. 
The  aggregate  assembly,  in  which  the  union  was  formally  con- 
summated. May  26,  1858,  adjourned  to  meet  at  that  time. 

Accordingly  the  first  General  Assembly  met  in  the  First 
United  Presbyterian  Church  (formerly  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Church)  of  Xenia,  at  7:30  p.  m.  of  the  i8th  of  May, 
1859,  ^^^^  after  sermon  by  the  Moderator,  Rev.  John  T. 
Pressly,  was  by  him  constituted  with  prayer.  Forty-one 
Presbyteries  were  represented,  the  consolidation  not  having 
been  completed  in  all,  and  228  delegates,  116  ministers,  112 
elders  were  enrolled.  The  Rev.  Peter  Bullions  was  chosen 
Moderator;  the  Rev.  James  Prestley,  Principal  Clerk,  and 
the  Rev.  Thomas   H.   Beveridge,  Assistant  Clerk. 

The  ratio  of  representation  was:  From  every  Presbytery 
containing  two  ministers,  one  minister  and  one  ruling  elder ; 
for  five  ministers,  two ;  for  eight  ministers,  three  ;  for  four- 
teen ministers,  four  ;  and  for  every  additional  four  ministers, 


I20  HISTORY   OF 

one  minister  and  one  ruling  elder. — Digest^  p.  126.  In  1861, 
and  thereafter,  the  ratio  was  that  proposed  in  the  Book  of 
Government,  then  in  overture,  until  the  adoption  of  the  pres- 
ent rule  in  1866,  by  which  the  ratio  is  fixed  at  one  minister 
and  one  ruling  elder  for  every  seven  ministers  and  for  the 
fraction  over  seven. 

The  first  General  Assembly  fixed  the  term  of  office  of  the 
Principal  Clerk  at  four  years,  the  Assistant  Clerk  to  be  elected 
annually.  The  General  Assembly  of  1868  established  the 
ofiice  of  Second  Clerk,  with  a  term  of  four  years. 

Recent  usage  has  fixed  the  fourth  Wednesday  of  May  for 
the  time  of  meeting  of  the  General  Assembly. — Digest^  p.  126. 

THE    SYNODS. 

In  the  Adopting  Act  it  was  agreed  "that  there  shall  be 
subordinate  Synods,  and  these  shall  be  the  same  as  those  now 
existing  in  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  to  which  Synods 
the  different  Presbyteries  in  the  Associate  Church  shall  at- 
tach themselves  for  the  present,  according  to  their  location." 
— Digest^  p.  222.  The  Synods  referred  to  were:  The  Synod 
of  New  York,  the  First  Synod  of  the  West,  the  Second  Synod 
of  the  West  and  the  Synod  of  Illinois. 

The  Synod  of  New  York. — Organized  at  York,  Livingston 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  13,  1858.  The  Associate  Reformed  Synod 
met  according  to  adjournment  at  10  a.  m.  At  2:30  p.  m.  the 
United  Presbyterian  Synod  was  constituted  with  prayer  by 
the  Rev.  Donald  C.  McLaren,  the  oldest  minister  present. 
The  Rev.  Joseph  T.  Cooper  was  chosen  Moderator,  and  the 
Rev.  J.  B.  Scouller,  Stated  Clerk.  Presbyteries :  Albany, 
Cambridge,  Philadelphia,  Stamford  and  Vermont,  of  the  As- 
sociate Church  ;  Boston,  Caledonia,  New  York,  Philadelphia, 
Saratoga  and  Washington,  of  the  Associate  Reformed.  Ter- 
ritory :  The  State  of  Maryland,  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
east  of  the  Susquehanna  river,  following  the  eastern  branch, 
the  State  of  New  York,  and  northward  and  eastward. 

In  a  suit  entered  by  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod  against 
a  body  claiming  to  be  the  true  Synod,  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State  of  New  York  decided,  July  3,  1861,  that  the  privi- 
leges and  powers  of  Synod  were  not  forfeited  or  impaired  by 


SYNODS  (united  PRESBYTERIAN).  121 

the  members  entering  the  Synod  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church. 

The  Synod,  Oct.  15,  1858,  gave  orders  for  the  organization 
of  the  Presbyteries  of  Albany,  Argyle,  Boston,  Caledonia, 
Delaware,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Stamford  and  Vermont. 

The  First  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  in  the  Second 
United  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Oct.  6,  1858,  at 
9:30  a.  m.  The  Synod  was  constituted  with  prayer  by  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Findley.  The  Rev.  William  Wishart  was 
chosen  Moderator,  the  Rev.  R.  Audley  Browne,  Stated  Clerk, 
and  the  Rev.  John  B,  Clark,  Assistant  Clerk.  Presbyteries: 
Allegheny,  Big  Spring,  Blairsville,  Butler,  Lake,  Lawrence, 
Mansfield,  Monongahela,  Second  Ohio,  Steubenville,  West- 
moreland and  Wheeling,  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church; 
Allegheny,  Chartiers,  Clarion,  Muskingum,  Ohio,  Richland 
and  Shenango,  of  the  Associate  Church.  Territory:  The 
State  of  Pennsylvania  west  of  the  Susquehanna  river,  fol- 
lowing the  eastern  branch,  and  the  State  of  Ohio  east  of  the 
Hockhocking  river,  and  a  line  northward  from  its  head- 
waters to  Lake  Erie,  including  also  the  western  part  of  Vir- 
ginia. Enlarged,  Oct.  2,  1861,  by  the  reception  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Detroit  from  the  Second  Synod;  and  May  30,  1874, 
by  the  addition  of  the  western  part  of  the  State  of  Michigan 
to  the  Presbytery  of  Detroit.  See  Presbyteries  of  Michigan 
and  Detroit.  Mm.  First  Synod  JVest^  1861,  p.  6.  Afin.  Gen. 
Ass.^  vol.  iv.,  p.  13.  Divided,  Oct.  7,  1862,  by  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Synods  of  Pittsburgh  and  Ohio,  by  the  order  of 
the  General  Assembly.  Min,  Gen.  Ass.^  vol.  i.,  p.  358. 
The  Synod,  Oct.  8,  1858,  gave  orders  for  the  organization 
of  the  Presbyteries  of  Allegheny,  Big  Spring,  Butler,  Char- 
tiers,  Conemaugh,  Lake,  Mansfield,  Mercer,  Monongahela, 
Muskingum,  Ohio,  Steubenville,  Westmoreland  and  Wheel- 
ing. It  was  incorporated  April  11,  1859,  ^Y  ^^^  Legislature 
of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania.     Min.  1859,  p.  5. 

The  Second  Synod  of  the  West. — Organized  at  Xenia,  O., 
Oct.  15,  1858,  being  constituted  with  prayer  by  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Beveridge.  The  Rev.  James  P.  Smart  was  chosen 
Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  R.  D.  Harper,  Stated  Clerk,  Pres- 
byteries: Chillicothe,  Indiana,  Michigan,   First  Ohio,  Sidney 


122  HISTORY   OF 

and  Springfield,  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church;  Detroit, 
Southern  Indiana,  Miami  and  Richland  of  the  Associate 
Church.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Ohio  west  of 
the  First  Synod  of  the  West,  and  the  States  of  Indiana  and 
Michigan.  Oct.  7,  1858,  the  Synod  of  Illinois  transferred  to 
the  Second  Synod  the  counties  in  Illinois  east  of  the  Wabash 
river;  May  25,  i860,  the  congregations  of  Blount  Co.,  Tenn., 
and  places  adjacent,  were  recognized  as  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  Second  Synod.  Mhi.  Gen.  Ass.,  vol.  i.,  p.  107.  May 
30,  i860,  the  Presbytery  of  Detroit  was  transferred  to  the  First 
Synod  of  the  West,  subject  to  the  consent  of  the  Synods 
concerned,  /did.,  p.  123.  This  consent  was  given.  See 
First  Synod  of  the  West.  May  30,  1874,  on  the  dissolution 
of  the  Presbytery  of  Michigan,  the  western  part  of  the  State 
of  Michigan  was  transferred  to  the  First  Synod.  Min.  Gen. 
Ass.,  vol.  iv,  p.  13.  The  Synod,  Oct.  15,  1858,  gave  orders 
for  the  organization  of  the  Presbyteries  of  Chillicothe,  De- 
troit, Indiana,  Michigan,  First  Ohio,  Sidney,  Southern  Indi- 
ana and  Xenia.     It  was  incorporated  Aug.  29,  1865. 

The  Synod  of  Illinois. — Organized  at  Monmouth,  111.,  Oct. 
12,  1858,  being  constituted  with  prayer  by  the  Rev.  David 
MacDill,  senior  minister.  The  Rev.  Samuel  McArthur  was 
chosen  Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Porter,  Stated  Clerk. 
Presbyteries:  First  Illinois,  Second  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Le 
Claire,  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church;  Illinois,  Iowa  and 
Monmouth,  of  the  Associate.  Territory:  The  State  of  Illinois, 
and  north  and  west  without  limit.  The  Synod  at  its  first 
meeting  transferred  the  counties  in  Illinois  adjacent  to  the 
Wabash  river  to  the  Second  Synod.  Divided  Aug.  30,  i860, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Synod  of  Iowa,  and  Sept.  29,  1869, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Synod  of  Kansas.  Min.  Gen. 
Ass.,  vol.  i,  p.  107,  vol.  iii,  p.  10.  The  General  Assembly, 
June  2,  1865,  placed  the  missions  in  the  State  of  Minnesota 
under  the  care  of  the  Presbytery  of  Wisconsin.  June  4,  1873, 
the  Presbytery  of  Minnesota  was  transferred  to  the  Synod  of 
Iowa.     Min.  Gen.  Ass.,  vol.  ii,  pp.   156,  176,  vol.  iii,  p.  543. 

The  Synod,  Oct.  14,  1858,  gave  orders  for  the  organization 
of  the  Presbyteries  of  Bloomington,  Chicago,  Des  Moines, 
Kansas,  Keokuk,  Le  Claire,  Monmouth  and  St.  Louis. 


SYNODS  (united  PRESBYTERIAN).  1 23 

The  Synod  of  Iowa. — Organized  at  Oskaloosa,  Iowa,  Aug. 
30,  i860,  7:30  p.  m..  from  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  by  order  of 
the  General  Assembly.  Min.  vol.  i,  p.  107.  It  was  consti- 
tuted with  prayer  by  the  Rev.  W.  M.  Boyse.  The  Rev.  S. 
Findley  was  chosen  Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  Nathan  Mc- 
Dowell, Stated  Clerk.  Presbyteries:  Des  Moines,  Keokuk 
and  IvC  Claire.  Territory:  The  States  of  Iowa  and  Minne- 
sota, and  the  Territories  of  Kansas  and  Nebraska,  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Kansas,  however,  to  remain  subject  to  the  Synod 
of  Illinois.  Sept.  29,  1869,  divided  by  the  organization  of 
the  Synod  of  Kansas.  Min.  Gen.  Ass.^  vol.  ii,  p.  10.  The 
Presbytery  of  Minnesota  was,  Jime  4,  1873,  restored  to  the 
Synod  of  Iowa  by  the  General  Assembly.  Min.  Gen.  Ass.^ 
vol.  iii,  p.  543. 

The  Synod  of  Pittsburgh. — Organized  at  Indiana,  Pa.,  Oct. 
7,  1862,  2  p.  m. ,  from  the  First  Synod  of  the  West,  by  order 
of  the  General  Assembly.  Min.^  vol.  i,  p.  358.  It  was  con- 
stituted with  prayer  by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Scroggs.  The  Rev. 
Robert  Gracey  was  chosen  Moderator,  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Carson, 
Stated  Clerk,  and  the  Rev.  John  G.  Brown,  Assistant  Clerk. 
Presbyteries:  Big  Spring,  Chartiers,  Conemaugh,  Frankfort, 
Monongahela  and  Westmoreland.  Territory:  That  part  of 
the  State  of  Pennsylvania  bounded  on  the  east  by  the  Sus- 
quehanna river,  following  the  eastern  branch;  and  on  the 
west  by  a  line  northward  from  the  point  on  the  Allegheny 
river  where  it  is  nearest  to  Lake  Erie  (?'.  ^.,  a  few  miles  west 
of  Warren,  Pa.)  and  southward  by  the  Allegheny  and  Ohio 
rivers  to  the  mouth  of  Short  creek.  West  Virginia;  thence  by 
Short  creek  to  West  Alexander,  Pa. ;  thence  south  indefi- 
nitely. 

The  Synod  of  Ohio. — Organized  at  Steubenville,  O.,  Oct. 
7,  1862,  7  p.  m.,  by  order  of  the  General  Assembly.  Min. 
Gen.  Ass.  vol.  i,  p.  358.  It  was  constituted  with  prayer  by 
the  Rev.  William  Taggart.  The  Rev.  John  Comin  was 
chosen  Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  William  Johnston,  Stated 
Clerk,  Presbyteries:  Mansfield,  Muskingum,  Steubenville 
and  Wheeling.  Territory:  From  Lake  Erie  on  the  north,  by 
the  Ohio  canal  from  Cleveland  to  Massillon;  thence  to  the 
mouth  of  Yellow  creek;  thence  by  the  Ohio  river  to  George- 


124  HISTORY   OF 

town,  Pa. ;  thence  by  Short  creek  eastward  to  West  Alexan- 
der, Pa.;  thence  south  indefinitely;  on  the  south  not  defined; 
on  the  west  from  the  mouth  of  the  Hockhocking  river  to  its 
head-waters;  thence  by  a  line  north  to  Lake  Erie. 

The  Synod  of  Kansas. — Organized  at  Leavenworth,  Kan., 
Sept.  29,  1869,  7:30  p.  m.,  from  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  by 
order  of  the  General  Assembly — Min.^  vol.  iii,  p.  10 — the 
Rev.  Samuel  Jamison  presiding.  The  Rev.  J.  N.  Smith  was 
chosen  Moderator,  and  the  Rev.  W.  C.  Williamson,  Stated 
Clerk.  Presbyteries:  Kansas  and  Western  Missouri.  Terri- 
tory :  Southward  indefinitely  from  the  States  of  Iowa  and  Ne- 
braska, and  west  from  the  meridian  of  Jefferson  City,  Mo. ,  to 
the  crest  of  the  Rocky  mountains. 

The  Synod  of  the  Pacific. — Organized  at  Albany,  Ore., 
Sept.  13,  1877,  7:30  p.  m.,  by  order  of  the  General  Assembly 
— Alin.^  vol.  iv,  p.  308 — the  Rev.  S.  G.  Ir\dne  presiding. 
The  Rev.  George  McCormick  was  chosen  Moderator,  and  the 
Rev.  M.  M.  Gibson,  Stated  Clerk.  Presbyteries:  Oregon  and 
San  Francisco.  Territory :  All  west  of  the  crest  of  the  Rocky 
mountains.  The  Synod  was  authorized,  June  2,  1879,  to 
hold  biennial  meetings. — Mm.  Gen.  Ass.^  vol.  v,  p.  20. 

PRESBYTERIES. 
The  Presbyteries  are  arranged  under  the  Synods  as  now 
constituted;  the  original  ones  in  alphabetical  order,  the  later 
ones  in  the  order  of  their  organization. 

THE  SYNOD  OF  NEW  YORK. 

Albany. — Organized  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  9,  1859,  from 
the  Presbyteries  of  Albany  and  Saratoga,  the  Rev.  Addison 
Henry  presiding.  Ministers:  Peter  Bullions,  J.  L.  Clark, 
George  M.  Hall,  Addison  Henry,  S.  F.  Morrow,  David  Strang 
and  Andrew  Thomas.  Territory:  North  of  a  line  from  the 
southern  extremity  of  Otsego  lake  to  a  point  on  the  Hudson 
river  immediately  south  of  Albany,  and  east  of  Cayuga  lake. 
Sept.  — ,  1871,  enlarged  by  the  transfer  of  the  congregation 
of  Lisbon  from  the  disorganized  Presbytery  of  St.  Lawrence. 

Argyle. — Organized  at  S.  Argyle,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  25,  1859,  from 
the  Presbyteries  of  Cambridge  and  Washington,  the  Rev.  Geo, 
Mairs  presiding.     Ministers:  Chauncey  Webster,  Isaac  Law, 


PRESBYTERIES   (UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN).  1 25 

J.  B.  Sconller,  W.  B.  Shortt,  W.  E.  Henniiig,  Hugh  Brown, 
Henry  Gordon,  James  C.  Forsythe,  John  Harper,  James  A. 
DufF,  John  B.  Dunn,  John  Crawford,  Peter  Campbell,  John 
G.  Smart,  James  Law,  John  W.  Harsha,  George  Mairs,  Wil- 
liam Howden,  William  Hawthorne.  Territory:  That  portion 
of  the  State  of  New  York  lying  north  of  Rensselaer  county 
and  east  of  Saratoga  and  Jefferson  counties,  and  also  Canada 
East.  Dec.  2,  1862,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  St.  Lawrence.  From  Sept.  21,  1877,  to  Oct.  23, 
1878,  had  jurisdiction,  by  order  of  Synod,  over  the  territory 
of  the  Vermont  Presbytery. 

Boston. —  Organized  at  Lawrence,  Mass.,  Oct.  18,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Boston  and  New  York,  the  Rev.  Al- 
exander Blaikie  presiding.  Ministers:  Alexander  Blaikie, 
William  McLaren,  John  M.  Heron,  James  Dinsmore  and 
James  Williamson.  Territory:  The  States  of  Massachusetts, 
Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island. 

Caledonia. — Organized  at  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  25,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Caledonia  and  Albany,  the  Rev. 
Donald  C.  McLaren  presiding.  Ministers:  Donald  C.  Mc- 
Laren, John  Van  Eaton,  David  Currie,  D.  C.  McVean,  Wil- 
liam S.  McLaren,  P.  C.  Robertson,  Thomas  F.  Boyd,  F.  M. 
Proctor,  J.  L.  Robertson.  Territory:  The  same  as  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Caledonia,  A.  R.,  viz:  All  that  part  of  the  State  of 
New  York  west  of  Cayuga  lake  except  the  city  of  Buffalo. 

,  1867,  the  congregation  of  Buffalo  was  received  from 

the  Lake  Presbytery. 

Delaware. — Organized  at  West  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  9,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Albany  and  Saratoga,  the  Rev.  John 
Erskine  presiding.  Ministers:  William  J.  Cleland,  James  B. 
Lee,  R.  D.  Williamson,  John  Erskine,  John  Rippey,  W.  C. 
Somers,  D.  C.  Niven,  John  E.  Taylor.  Territory:  South  of 
a  line  from  the  southern  extremity  of  Otsego  Lake  to  a  point 
on  the  Hudson  river  immediately  south  of  Albany  and  east 
of  Cayuga  Lake. 

First  New  York. — Organized  in  Jane  St.  Church,  New 
York,  Nov.  9,  1859,  ^s  the  Presbytery  of  New  York,  from  the 
Associate  and  Associate  Reformed  Presbyteries  of  New  York, 
the  Rev.  Alexander  McWilliams  presiding.     Ministers:  H.  H. 


126  HISTORY   OF 

Blair,  James  Harper,  John  Brash,  James  Thompson,  S.  F. 
Farmer,  W.  L.  McElhany,  Hugh  W.  Todd,  D.  Donnan,  D. 
J.  Patterson,  John  Service  and  Alexander  McWilliams.  Ter- 
ritory :  So  much  of  the  States  of  New  York  and  New  Jersey 
as  lies  south  of  Newburgh,  on  the  Hudson,  and  east  of  2°  30' 
east  longitude  from  Washington.  Nov.  5,  1861,  divided  by 
the  organization  of  the  Second  Presbytery  and  the  name 
changed  to  the  First  Presbytery.       (See    Second  New  York.) 

Philadelphia. — Organized  at  Oxford,  Pa.,  Oct.  25,  1859, 
from  the  Associate  and  Associate  Reformed  Presbyteries  of 
Philadelphia,  the  Rev.  Joseph  T.  Cooper  presiding.  Minis- 
ters: William  Easton,  Joseph  T.  Cooper,  John  B.  Dales, 
Francis  Church,  Robert  Armstrong,  Thomas  H.  Beveridge, 
J.  H.  Andrew,  George  C.  Arnold,  William  Bruce,  James 
Price  and  W.  W.  Barr.  Territory :  West  of  the  Presbytery  of 
New  York  to  the  Susquehanna  river,  following  the  eastward 
branch  northward  indefinitely,  including  also  the  State  of 
Maryland. — Min,  Gen.  Ass.,  Vol.  i,  p.  38. 

Stamford. — Continued  from  the  Presbytery  of  Stamford, 
without  change.  Ministers:  John  Gillespie,  Robert  McAllis- 
ter, D.  H.  Goodwillie,  John  B.  Wilson,  Robert  Acheson. 
Territory:  The  churches  in  the  Province  of  Ontario,  Canada, 
without  defined  boundaries. 

Vermont. — Organized  at  Barnet,  Vt,  May  14,  i860,  from 
the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Vermont,  without  change,  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Goodwillie  presiding.  Ministers:  Thomas 
Goodwillie,  Gawn  Campbell.  Territory:  The  churches  in 
the  State  of  Vermont,  without  definite  boundaries.  May  30, 
1868,  temporarily  attached  by  the  General  Assembly  to  the 
Presbytery  of  Argyle,  until  pastoral  settlements  were  made. 
Sept.  21,  1877,  dissolved  by  the  Synod  and  congregations  at- 
tached to  the  Presbytery  of  Argyle  in  consequence  of  removals. 
Reorganized  at  Greensboro',  Vt.,  Oct.  23,  1878,  by  order  of 
Synod. 

Second  New  York. — Organized  in  the  Charles  St.  Church, 
New  York,  Nov.  5,  1861,  by  order  of  the  Synod,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  New  York,  the  Rev.  H.  H.  Blair  presiding. 
Ministers:  H.  H.  Blair,  David  J.  Patterson,  John  Brash  and 
David    Donnan.     Territory:   The  dividing   line   was   so  ar- 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN).  1 27 

ranged  as  to  include  the  following  congregations:  Charles 
Street,  Jane  Street,  West  Forty-fourth  Street,  First  Brook- 
lyn, Second  Brooklyn  and  Newark.  Consolidated  with  the 
First,  Jan.  17,  1882. 

Sf.  Laivrence. — Organized  at  Hinchinbrook,  Canada,  Dec. 
2,  1862,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Argyle,  by  order  of  the 
Synod,  the  Rev.  Chauncey  Webster  presiding.  Ministers: 
Chauncey  Webster,  William  Hawthorne  and  John  Harper. 
Territory:  West  of  Lake  Champlain,  and  north  of  a  straight 
line  from  Burlington,  Vt.,  to  Oswego,  N.  Y.  Some  of  the 
ministers  having  removed,  and  some  of  the  congregations 
having  connected  with  the  Canada  Presbyterian  Church,  the 
Presbytery  was  fonually  dissolved  by  the  Synod  Sept.  1-4, 
187 1,  and  the  Rev.  John  Harper  and  the  congregation  of 
Lisbon  were  attached  to  the  Presbytery  of  Albany. 

THE   FIRST  SYNOD   OF  THE  WEST. 

In  the  act  of  Synod  for  the  organization  of  Presbyteries,  Oct. 
8,  1858,  it  was  resolved  "That  any  Presbyter  whose  congre- 
gation may  lie  upon,  or  contiguous  to,  any  dividing  line 
between  two  Presbyteries  shall,  for  the  present,  have  the 
privilege  of  connecting  with  that  Presbytery  which  is  most 
convenient  or  easiest  of  access  to  him. ' '  Hence  many  con- 
gregations are  connected  with  Presbyteries  within  whose 
bounds,  as  defined  by  the  Synod,  they  were  not  included. 
The  actual  boundaries  are  therefore  somewhat  irregular. 

Allegheny. — Organized  in  the  First  Church,  Allegheny, 
Pa.,  Nov.  2,  1858,  2  p.  m.,  from  the  A.  and  A.  R.  Presby- 
teries, of  Allegheny,  the  Rev.  John  T.  Pressly  presiding. 
(The  printed  minutes  of  the  Synod,  p.  17,  give  the  first 
Tuesday  of  Dec.  as  the  appointment  for  the  organization.) 
Ministers:  John  T.  Pressly,  James  Rodgers,  John  C.  Steele, 
D.  H.  A.  McLean,  B.  F.  Sawyer,  A.  G.  Shafer,  Samuel 
Patterson,  D.  W.  Carson,  J.  L.  Fairley,  William  G.  Reed, 
David  G.  Bradford,  Josiah  Thompson,  William  L.  McConnel 
and  James  Given.  Territory:  Beginning  at  the  Armstrong 
Co.  line;  thence  down  the  Allegheny  and  Ohio  rivers  to 
the  mouth  of  Saw  Mill  run ;  thence  by  the  Steubenville  turn- 
pike to  the  Washington  Co.  line;  thence  to  Georgetown,  on 
the  Ohio  river;  thence  by  the  river  to  the  Ohio  and  Pennsyl- 


128  HISTORY  OF 

vania  State  line;  tlieuce  to  the  southwest  corner  of  Lawrence 
Co. ;  thence  east  and  then  north  of  the  lines  of  Lawrence  Co. 
to  the  Mercer  and  Harmony  road;  thence  southerly  by  said 
road  to  the  Allegheny  Co.  line;  thence  to  the  Allegheny 
river.  Sept.  28,  i860,  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  that  part 
of  the  Ohio  Presbytery  lying  north  and  east  of  the  road  from 
New  Lisbon  to  Beaver.  This  line  was  again  modified  Oct. 
3,  1861.  (See  Cleveland.)  Divided  Oct.  26,  1859,  by  the 
organization  of  Frankford  Presbytery,  and  also  Nov.  7,  1871, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Beaver  Valley. 

BiUler. — Organized  at  Kittanning,  Pa.,  Oct.  26,  1858,  i 
p.  m.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Butler  and  Shenango,  the 
Rev.  Isaiah  Niblock  presiding.  Ministers:  Isaiah  Niblock, 
Wm.  Galbraith,  W.  P.  Breaden,  John  N.  Dick,  Samuel  Kerr, 
W.  Smith,  A.  R.  Rankin,  W.  H.  Jamison,  W.  A.  Black, 
John  Jamison  and  John  A.  Campbell.  Territory:  From  the 
south  line  of  the  Fifth  Donation  district,  {i.  e.  a  line  due  east 
from  a  point  on  the  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania  State  line,  about 
two  or  three  miles  north  of  Sharon,  Pa.,  to  the  Allegheny 
river,)  by  the  Meadville  and  Mercer  turnpike,  to  but  not  in- 
cluding the  town  of  Mercer;  thence  by  the  Mercer  and  Har- 
mony road  to  Allegheny  Co. ;  thence  by  the  Butler  and  Alle- 
gheny Co.  line  to  the  Allegheny  river;  thence  by  the  river  to 
the  south  line  of  the  Fifth  Donation  district;  thence  by  that 
line  to  place  of  beginning,  including  also  congregation  of 
Kittanning  on  the  east  side  of  the  Allegheny  river. 

Cleveland. — Organized  as  the  Presbytery  of  Ohio^  at  New 
Lisbon,  O.,  Dec.  14,  1858,  11  a.  m.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of 
Ohio  and  Steubenville,  the  Rev.  David  Goodwillie  presiding. 
Ministers:  David  Goodwillie,  James  McGill,  James  W.  Logue, 
Samuel  W.  Clark,  S.  T.  Herron,  James  Golden.  Territory: 
That  part  of  the  State  of  Ohio  lying  east  of  the  Ohio  canal 
from  Cleveland  to  Massillon,  and  east  and  north  of  Yellow 
creek.  Sept.  28,  i860,  divided  by  the  transfer  of  that  part 
south  of  the  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago  Railroad  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  Steubenville;  that  part  north  and  east  of  the  road  from 
New  Lisbon  to  Beaver  to  the  Presbytery  of  Allegheny;  and 
the  counties  of  Trumbull  and  Mahoning,  O.,  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  Mercer.     At  the  same  time  the  name  was  changed  to 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN).  129 

the  Presbytery  of  Cleveland.  Oct.  3,  1861,  the  boundaries 
were  re-arranged  as  follows:  From  and  including  the  city  of 
Cleveland  by  a  straight  line  to  Canton;  thence  to  New  Lis- 
bon ;  thence  to  the  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania  State  line,  leaving 
East  Palestine  to  the  right;  thence  by  the  State  line  to  Lake 
Erie.  Sept.  28,  1876,  the  congregation  of  Leetonia  was  trans- 
ferred temporarily  to  Beaver  Valley,  and  Sept.  26,  1878,  the 
congregations  of  Leetonia,  East  Palestine  and  Clarkson  were 
transferred  to  Cleveland  Presbytery. 

Detroit. — Continued  from  the  Presbytery  of  Detroit  without 
change.  The  first  meeting  was  held  Ap.  13,  1859,  '^^^  Rev. 
J.  McClellan  presiding.  Ministers:  James  M.  Smeallie,  An- 
drew Irons  and  John  McClellan.  Territory:  That  part  of  the 
State  of  Michigan  lying  north  of  the  State  of  Ohio.  May  30, 
i860,  the  General  Assembly — Aliit.^  vol.  i,  p.  123 — authorized 
the  transfer  of  the  Presbytery  to  the  First  Synod  of  the  West, 
subject  to  the  consent  of  the  Synods  concerned.  This  con- 
sent was  given  by  the  Second  Synod  in  i860,  and  the  western 
boundary  was  fixed  at  7^°  longitude  west  from  Washington. 
The  Presbytery  was  received  by  the  First  Synod,  Oct.  2,  1861. 
Enlarged,  May  30,  1874,  by  the  addition  of  that  part  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Michigan  which  was  in  the  State  of  Michigan. 
— Mill.  Gen.  Ass.^  vol.  iv,  p.  13. 

Lake. — Organized  at  Cochranton,  Pa.,  Nov.  9,  1858,  2  p. 
m.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  the  Lakes  and  Shenango,  the 
Rev.  Matthew  Snodgrass  presiding.  Ministers:  M.  Snod- 
grass,  Joseph  H.  Pressly,  H.  H.  Thompson,  Clark  Kendall, 
H.  H.  Hervey,  William  Bruce,  Thomas  Love,  James  Bor- 
rows, Joseph  N.  Collins,  Alex.  Murray  and  Joseph  McClin- 
tock.  Territory:  South  from  Lake  Erie,  by  the  Ohio  and 
Pennsylvania  State  line,  to  the  south  line  of  the  Fifth  Dona- 
tion district;  thence  east  to  the  Allegheny  river;  thence  north 
by  the  river  to  its  nearest  point  to  Lake  Erie.  Feb.  5,  1867, 
the  Presbytery  transferred  the  congregation  of  Buffalo  to  the 
Presbytery  of  Caledonia. 

Mercer. — Organized  at  Mercer,  Pa.,  Jan.  5,  1859,  ^^  ^-  ^'j 

from  the  Presbyteries  of  Lawrence  and  Shenango,  Rev.  R. 

Audley  Browne  presiding.     Ministers:  John  Neil,  D.  R.  Im- 

brie,  William  A.  Mehard,  R.  A.  Browne,  Josiah  Alexander, 

9 


130  HISTORY  OF 

Samuel  Alexander,  George  C.  Vincent,  Robert  McWatty,  D. 
W.  French,  B.  K.  Ormond,  John  Armstrong,  Edward  Small, 
W.  C.  Jackson,  James  Patterson,  William  Findley,  J.  P. 
Ramsey,  A.  M.  Black,  William  T.  Reed  and  Joseph  Banks. 
Territory:  South,  by  the  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio  State  line 
from  the  south  line  of  the  Fifth  Donation  district  to  the 
southwest  corner  of  Lawrence  co. ;  thence  east  and  north  by 
the  lines  of  Lawrence  co.  to  the  Mercer  and  Harmony  road; 
thence  by  said  road  to  and  including  Mercer;  thence  north 
by  the  Mercer  and  Meadville  turnpike  to  south  line  of  Fifth 
Donation  district;  thence  west  to  State  line.  Sept.  28,  i860, 
the  counties  of  Trumbull  and  Mahoning,  O.,  were  added 
from  the  Cleveland  Presbytery,  but,  Oct.  3,  1861,  were  re- 
stored. Divided  Nov.  7,  1871,  by  the  organization  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Beaver  Valley. 

Beaver  Valley. — Organized  at  New  Galilee,  Pa.  (Rocky 
Spring  Church),  Nov.  7,  1871,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Alle- 
gheny and  Mercer,  by  order  of  the  Synod,  the  Rev,  A.  G. 
Wallace  presiding.  By  a  misunderstanding  of  the  appoint- 
ment of  Synod,  the  Presbytery  was  organized  on  Nov.  7  in- 
stead of  Nov.  14,  This  action  was  confirmed  by  the  Synod, 
Sept.  26,  1872.  Ministers:  Samuel  Patterson,  H.  Sturgeon, 
Samuel  Alexander,  T.  W.  Winter,  A.  Y.  Houston,  J.  H.  Pea- 
cock, A.  G.  Wallace,  J.  W.  Bain,  J.  C.  Wilson,  H.  R.  Mc- 
Clelland, J.  I.  Frazer,  D.  D.  Christy,  D.  H.  A.  McLean, 
R.  Audley  Browne  and  J.  C.  Evans.  Territor}^:  Beaver  co.. 
Pa. ,  north  of  the  Ohio  river,  and  Lawrence  co.  south  of  a  line 
due  east  from  the  intersection  of  the  State  line  and  the  line 
between  Coitsville  and  Poland  township,  and  with  the  con- 
gregations of  East  Palestine,  Clarkson  and  Poland,  in  the 
State  of  Ohio.  Sept.  28,  1876,  the  congregation  of  Leetonia 
was  temporarily  transferred  from  Cleveland  Presbytery, 
Sept.  26,  1878,  the  congregations  of  East  Palestine,  Clarkson 
and  Leetonia  were  transferred  to  the  Cleveland  Presbytery. 

Ohio. — (See  Cleveland.) 

THE  SYNOD  OF  PITTSBURGH. 

Big  Spring. — Organized  at  Newville,  Pa.,  June  8,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Big  Spring  and  Philadelphia,  Rev. 
Joseph  McKee  presiding.      The   appointment  of  the  First 


PRESBYTERIES  (united   PRESBYTERIAn).  I3I 

Synod  of  the  West  for  the  organization  was  Nov.  11,  1858, 
II  a.  m.,  but  as  the  territory  included  a  part  of  the  Associate 
Presbytery  of  Philadelphia  in  the  Synod  of  New  York,  the 
General  Assembly,  on  memorial  of  the  Philadelphia  Presby- 
tery, authorized  the  organization  and  fixed  the  eastern  bound- 
ary— Min.^  vol.  i,  p.  38.  Ministers:  Joseph  McKee,  James 
Shields,  D.  B.  Jones,  William  Carlile,  Francis  McBirney, 
James  Bruce,  Joseph  Boyd,  William  McElwee  and  John  M. 
Adair.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania 
lying  between  the  Susquehanna  river,  following  the  eastern 
branch,  and  the  summit  of  the  Allegheny  mountains. 

Chartiers. — Organized  at  Washington,  Pa.,  Nov.  30,  1858, 
7  p.  m. ,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Chartiers,  Monongahela  and 
Steubenville,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hanna  presiding.  Ministers: 
Thomas  Hanna,  William  M.  McElwee,  Samuel  Taggart,  B. 
Boyd,  James  C.  Campbell,  James  G.  Rankin,  J,  T.  Browulee, 
J.  R.  Thompson,  John  B.  Clark,  Alex.  Donnan,  James  G. 
Carson,  William  M.  Gibson,  J.  C.  Herron.  Territory:  From 
West  Alexander,  Pa.,  south  indefinitely,  and  west  by  Short 
creek  to  the  Ohio  river;  thence  by  the  river  to  Georgetown, 
Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ;  thence  to  the  line  of  Washington  Co. ;  thence 
by  that  line  to  the  Monongahela  river;  thence  southward  in- 
definitely. Tumlinson's  run  and  King's  creek  congregations 
connected  with  the  Allegheny  Presbytery,  and  Canonsburg 
with  the  Monongahela.  Sept.  30,  1859,  Canonsburg  was  re- 
stored and  Tumlinson's  run  and  King's  creek  were  given  to 
Frankfort  Presbytery. 

Conemaugh. — Organized  at  Shelocta,  Pa.,  Nov.  12,  1858, 
II  a.  m.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Blairsville,  Clarion  and  Al- 
legheny (A.),  the  Rev.  David  Blair  presiding.  Ministers: 
David  Blair,  William  Connor,  Samuel  Anderson,  Matthew  H. 
Wilson,  Byron  Porter,  John  C.  Telford,  J.  L-.  Purdy,  David 
K.  Duff,  Henry  Q.  Graham  and  Joseph  C.  Grier.  Territory: 
From  the  mouth  of  the  Kiskiminitas,  by  the  Allegheny  river, 
to  the  New  York  State  line;  thence  southward  to  the  head- 
waters of  the  Conemaugh  river,  on  the  summit  of  the  Alle- 
gheny mountains;  thence  westward  by  the  Conemaugh  and 
Kiskiminitas  rivers  to  the  Allegheny  river.  West  Fairfield 
elected  Conemaugh  Presbytery.    Sal tsburg  (April-June),  1859, 


132  HISTORY  OF 

and  Apollo,  ,  i860,  were   transferred   to   Westmoreland 

Presbyter>^  Divided  Nov.  26,  1872,  by  the  organization  of 
the  Presbytery  of  Brookville.  Oct.  20,  1880,  Beracha,  Smyrna 
and  Mahoning  congregations,  which  in  1872  elected  Cone- 
maugh,  were  transferred  to  Brookville,  and  the  congregations 
of  Apollo  and  Union  from  Westmoreland  to  Conemaugh  Pres- 
bytery. 

Mo7iongahela. — Organized  at  Mansfield,  Pa.,  Nov.  3,  1858, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Monongahela  and  Allegheny  (A,), 
the  Rev.  S.  B.  Reed  presiding.  Ministers:  James  Prestley, 
Robert  Gracey,  James  Greer,  David  R.  Kerr,  John  G.  Brown, 
H.  K.  Lusk,  W.  H.  Andrew,  F.  A.  Hntchinson,  George  K. 
Ormond,  Henry  C.  McFarland,  S.  B.  Reed,  A.  T.  Houston, 
John  C.  Boyd  and  Alexander  Calhoun.  Territory:  From  the 
mouth  of  Turtle  creek  by  a  direct  line  to  Logan's  Ferry; 
thence  by  the  Allegheny  and  Ohio  rivers  to  the  mouth  of  Saw 
Mill  run;  thence  by  the  Steubenville  turnpike  to  the  Wash- 
ington county  line;  thence  southward  by  that  line  to  the 
Monongahela  river;  thence  by  the  river  to  place  of  begin- 
ning, Peter's  creek  congregation  to  be  included.  Oct.  26, 
1859,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Frankfort  Presby- 
tery. Sept.  30,  1859,  the  congregation  of  Canonsburg,  which 
had  elected  Monongahela,  was  transferred  to  the  Chartiers 
Presbyter>',  and  Oct.  19,  1869,  Peter's  Creek  was  also  trans- 
ferred. May  31,  1880,  the  congregations  of  Chase  City  and 
Stanton  River,  Va.,  were  transferred  by  the  General  Assem- 
bly from  Mansfield  to  Monongahela  Presbytery. — Min.  Gen. 
Ass.,  vol.  v.,  p.  188. 

Westmoreland. — Organized  at  Turtle  Creek,  Pa.,  Oct.  27, 
1858,  II  A.  M.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Westmoreland  and 
Allegheny  (A.),  the  Rev.  Joseph  Scroggs  presiding.  Minis- 
ters: Joseph  Scroggs,  Matthew  McKinstry,  J.  G.  Fulton, 
Samuel  Jamison,  David  H.  Pollock,  James  H.  Fife,  James 
Kelso  and  A.  G.  Wallace.  Territory:  From  the  summit  of 
the  Allegheny  mountains  at  the  headwaters  of  the  Conemaugh 
(near  Gallitzin,  Pa.),  southerly  indefinitely;  west  of  the  Cone- 
maugh and  Kiskiminitas  rivers  to  the  Allegheny;  thence  by 
the  river  to  Logan's  Ferry;  thence  by  direct  line  to  the  mouth 
of  Turtle  creek,   including  the  congregations  of  Unity  and 


PRESBYTERIES   (UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN).  1 33 

Turtle  creek;  thence  southward  by  the  Monongahela  river  in- 
definitely, June  21,  1859,  ^^^^  congregation  of  Saltsburg  was 
received  from  the  Presbytery  of  Conemaugh,  and  also,  1860- 
61,  the  congregation  of  Apollo;  June  22,  1864,  enlarged  by 
the  organization  of  the  congregation  of  Braddock's  Fields. 
Oct.  20,  1880,  the  congregations  of  Apollo  and  Union  were 
transferred  to  the  Presbytery  of  Conemaugh. 

Frankfort. — Organized  at  Hanover  Church,  Oct.  26,  1859, 
by  order  of  the  First  Synod  of  the  West,  from  the  Presbyteries 
of  Allegheny  and  Chartiers,  the  Rev.  W.  M.  McElwee  presid- 
ing. Ministers:  W.  M.  McElwee,  J.  G.  Rankin,  David  W. 
Carson,  James  C.  Campbell,  Josiah  Thompson,  James  Hagerty, 
Marcus  Ormond,  W.  L.  Wilson  and  J.  L.  Purdy.  Territory : 
From  the  Ohio  river  by  Cross  creek  to  Cross  Creek  village; 
thence  to  Burgettstown,  including  Cross  Creek  and  connec- 
tion ;  thence  to  the  Steubenville  turnpike  at  the  Washington 
county  line;  thence  direct  to  the  north  of  Flaherty's  run,  on 
the  Ohio  river,  leaving  Gilead  on  the  east;  and  thence  by  the 
river  to  the  mouth  of  Cross  creek. 

Brookville. — Organized  at  Beaver  Run  Church  Nov.  26, 
1872,  2  P.  M.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Conemaugh,  the  Rev.  J. 
C.  Greer  presiding.  Ministers:  George  C.  Vincent,  David  K. 
Duff,  Joseph  C.  Greer,  M.  S.  Telford  and  Samuel  C.  Brown. 
Territory:  That  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Conemaugh  north 
of  a  line  from  the  Allegheny  river  at  the  mouth  of  Crooked 
creek  directly  east. 

THE   SYNOD   OF   OHIO. 

Mansfield. — Organized  at  Mansfield,  O.,  Oct.  22,  1858,  11 
A.  M.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Mansfield  and  Richland,  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Irvine  presiding.  Ministers:  Samuel  Irvine, 
Richard  Gaily,  R.  G.  Thompson,  James  Y.  Ashenhust,  David 
W.  Collins,  David  Paul,  John  P.  Scott,  W.  H.  French,  J.  W. 
McFarland,  Andrew  McCartney  and  J.  I^.  McLean.  Territory: 
From,  but  not  including,  Cleveland,  O. ,  by  the  Ohio  canal  to 
Newark;  thence  due  west  to  the  western  boundary  of  the 
First  Synod  of  the  West;  thence  northward  to  Lake  Erie. 
The  congregation  of  Chase  City,  in  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  Va., 
was  organized  July  24,  1872,  by  the  Presbyter>'  of  which  the 
pastor  was  a  member,  and  with  its  connections,  remained 


134  HISTORY  OF 

under  its  jurisdiction  until  transferred  by  the  General  Assem- 
bly to  the  Presbytery  of  Monongahela,  May  31,  1880. — Min. 
Ge7i.  Ass.,  vol.  v.,  p.  188. 

Muskingum. — Organized  at  New  Concord,  O.,  Nov.  15, 
1858,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Muskingum  and  Second  Ohio, 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Findley  presiding.  Ministers:  Samuel 
Findley,  Benjamin  Waddle,  John  Wallace,  J,  M.  Henderson, 
J.  H.  Peacock,  Thomas  Brown,  John  Comin,  James  McNeal, 
James  Duncan,  John  Patterson,  James  P.  Lytle,  S.  C.  Reid, 
William  Johnston,  E.  B.  Calderhead,  H.  Forsythe  and  Ran- 
dall Ross.  Territory:  From  Marietta,  O. ,  north  to  the  south- 
west corner  of  Belmont  Co. ;  thence  by  the  county  line  to  the 
northwest  corner  of  Belmont  Co. ;  thence  northwest  to  New- 
comerstown;  thence  by  the  Ohio  canal  to  Newark;  thence  west 
to  the  line  of  the  First  Synod  of  the  West;  thence  by  that  line 
southward  indefinitely.  Oct.  20,  1880,  the  congregations  of 
Caledonia,  W.  Va.,  and  Little  Muskingum,  O.,  were  trans- 
ferred to  it  from  Wheeling  Presbyter^'  by  order  of  Synod. 

Steubejiville. — Organized  at  Steubenville,  O.,  Dec.  i,  1858, 
II  a.  m.,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Steubenville  and  Muskin- 
gum, the  Rev.  William  Lorimer  presiding.  Ministers: 
Thomas  Wilson,  John  S.  Easton,  William  Lorimer,  J. 
McKirahan,  J.  K.  Andrews,  J.  H.  Peacock,  Thomas  R.  Simp- 
son. Territory:  From  the  Ohio  river,  at  the  Mouth  of  Yel- 
low creek,  west  of  Massillon,0. ;  thence  south  to  Newcomers- 
town  ;  thence  to  the  northwest  corner  of  Belmont  co. ;  thence 
by  the  north  line  of  Belmont  co.  to  the  Ohio  river;  thence 
by  the  river  to  the  mouth  of  Yellow  creek.  Oct.  3,  1859,  the 
line  dividing  from  the  Presbytery  of  Wheeling  was  changed 
so  as  to  be  from  the  Ohio  river  at  Warrenton,  by  Short  creek 
to  Cadiz,  O. ;  thence  by  the  new  Philadelphia  road  through 
Franklin  to  the  point  where  the  road  intersects  the  line  of 
the  Muskingum  Presbytery,  placing  the  congregations  of 
Cadiz  and  Franklin  in  the  Wheeling  Presbytery  and  Warren- 
ton in  Steubenville.  Enlarged  Sept.  28,  i860,  by  the  ad- 
dition of  that  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Ohio  lying  south  of 
the  Pittsburgh  and  Fort  Wayne  railroad.  Oct.  3,  1861,  the 
boundar}^  with  the  Cleveland  Presbytery  was  changed  so  as 
to  be  from  Canton  to  New  Lisbon ;  thence  east,  New  Lisbon 
beinor  with  Cleveland. 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN).  1 35 

Wheeling. — Organized  at  Uniontown,  O.,  Oct.  19,  1858, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Wheeling  and  Muskingum,  the  Rev. 
William  Taggart  presiding.  Ministers:  William  Wishart, 
Alexander  Wilson,  William  Grimes,  David  F.  Reid,  Alex. 
D.  Clark,  J.  S.  McCready,  Hugh  Parks,  James  T.  McClure 
and  J.  C.  Murch.  Territory:  From  Marietta,  O.,  north  to 
southwest  corner  of  Belmont  co. ;  thence  by  western  and 
northern  lines  of  Belmont  co, ;  to  the  Ohio  river;  thence 
by  the  river  to  Short  Creek,  W.  Va.,  to  West  Alexander; 
southern  and  eastern  line  undefined.  Oct.  3,  1859,  enlarged 
by  a  change  in  the  line  dividing  from  the  Presbytery  of 
Steubenville.  (See  Steubenville.)  Ap.  10,  1877,  the  congre- 
gation of  Tippecanoe  was  temporarily  attached  to,  and  Oct. 
20,  1880,  Caledonia,  W.  Va,,  and  Little  Muskingum,  O., 
were  transferred  to  the  Presbytery  of  Muskingum. 

THE   SECOND   SYNOD. 

The  Second  Synod  of  the  West,  at  its  meeting  Oct.  15, 
1858,  resolved  that  in  general,  as  far  as  practicable,  the  iden- 
tity of  the  various  Presbyteries  should  be  maintained ;  there- 
fore, but  one  new  Presbytery  was  organized.  There  was  no 
general  order  for  the  formal  organization  of  the  others.  The 
ministers  and  congregations  attached  themselves  to  existing 
organizations,  and  the  Presbyteries  continued  with  but  little 
perceptible  change.  If  there  was  no  formal  reorganization, 
the  first  meeting  after  the  above  action  of  Synod  is  taken  as 
the  date  of  the  new  reorganization. 

Chillicothe. — Organized  at  Unity  Church,  Harshasville,  O., 
Ap.  20,  1859,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Chillicothe  and  Miami, 
the  Rev.  Andrew  Richie  presiding.  Ministers:  James  Ar- 
buthnot,  David  MacDill,  J.  H.  Bonner,  Andrew  Richie,  A. 
W.  McClenahan,  John  Gilmore,  William  H.  Prestley,  N.  R. 
Kirkpatrick,  Joseph  Buchanan,  Thomas  McCague  and  Gil- 
bert Small.  Territory:  Unchanged,  viz.:  Eastward  from  a 
line  through  Williamsburg,  in  Clermont  co.,  O.,  and  Wil- 
mington, in  Clinton  co. ,  to  the  Hockhocking  river  and  south- 
ward. 

Detroit. — (See  under  the  First  Synod  of  the  West.) 

Indiana. — Organized  at  Spring  Hill,  Ind.,  Ap.  13,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Indiana  and  Southern  Indiana,  the 


136  HISTORY   OF 

Rev.  M.  Arnott  presiding.  Ministers:  Moses  Arnott,  Joseph 
R.  Walker,  Nathan  C.  McDill,  J.  F.  Hutchison  and  Thomas 
Dickson.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Indiana  lying 
south  of  the  40°  north  latitude  and  east  of  the  New  Albany 
and  Salem  railroad.  The  southern  boundary  is  not  defined, 
but  the  churches  in  Kentucky,  west  of  a  line  due  south  from 
the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami,  were  included  in  the  former 
Presbytery. 

Michigan. — Organized  at  Camden,  Ind.,  Jan.  19,  1859,  from 
the  Presbytery  of  Michigan.  Ministers:  S.  C.  Baldridge, 
Thomas  Calahan,  James  N.  Buchanan,  John  Anderson,  David 
Morrow,  Thomas  Mercer,  J.  H.  Smith,  J.  R.  Shepherd,  Alex- 
ander McCahan,  William  Lind,  James  A.  Frazier.  Terri- 
tory: The  State  of  Indiana  north  of  latitude  40°  and  the 
State  of  Michigan  north  of  Indiana.  Divided,  Oct.  27,  1864, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Wabash  Presbytery.  Dissolved  by 
the  General  Assembly  May  30,  1874 — yl//;^.,  vol.  iv.,  p.  13. 
That  part  within  the  State  of  Michigan  being  transferred  to 
the  Presbytery  of  Detroit,  and  that  part  within  the  State  of 
Indiana  to  the  Wabash  Presbytery;  the  records  to  be  trans- 
ferred to  the  Presbytery  of  Wabash. 

Northern  Indiana — (See  Wabash.) 

First  Ohio. — Organized  at  Fairhaven,  O.,  Dec.  21,  1858, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  First  Ohio  and  Miami,  the  Rev.  A. 
Aten  presiding.  Ministers:  A.  Aten,  P.  Monfort,  J.  H.  Bu- 
chanan, S.  W.  McCracken,  John  Y.  Scouller,  William  David- 
son, George  D.  Archibald,  Robert  H.  Pollock,  R.  K.  Camp- 
bell, William  McCune  and  John  S.  Robertson.  Territor}^: 
That  part  of  the  State  of  Ohio  lying  westward  from  a  line 
through  Williamsburgh,  in  Clermont  co.,  and  Wilmington, 
in  Clinton  co. ,  and  southward  from  a  line  through  Greenville, 
in  Darke  co.,  and  Bellebrook,  in  Greene  co.,  including  Day- 
ton and  Richmond,  Ind.  The  southern  boundary  was  not 
defined,  but  formerly  the  churches  in  Kentucky  east  of  a  line 
due  south  from  the  mouth  of  the  Great  Miami  were  included. 

Princeton. — Organized  as  the  Presbytery  o{  Southern  Indi- 
ana.^ at  Bloomington,  Ind.,  May  13,  1859,  from  the  Presby- 
teries of  Southern  Indiana  and  Indiana,  the  Rev.  Wm.  Turner 
presiding.     Ministers:  John  Bryan,  John  L.  Craig,  R.  Gray, 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN).  1 37 

James  Ingles,  William  Turner  and  Thomas  Turner.  Terri- 
tory :  That  part  of  the  State  of  Indiana  south  of  north  latitude 
40°  and  west  of  the  New  Albany  and  Salem  railroad,  includ- 
ing also  the  counties  in  Illinois  adjacent  to  the  Wabash  river; 
transferred  by  the  Synod  Oct.  7,  1858.  Divided  Oct.  31, 
1865,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  White  River. 
At  the  same  time,  by  act  of  Synod  Sept.  28,  1865,  the  name 
was  changed  to  Princeton.  Enlarged,  Sept.  29,  1871,  by  the 
union  of  the  Presbytery  of  White  River. 

Sidney. — Organized  at  Urbana,  O.,  Nov,  18,  1858,  from  the 
Presbyteries  of  Sidney  and  Miami,  the  Rev.  C.  T.  McCaughan 
presiding.  Ministers:  J.  R.  Bonner,  Jackson  Duff,  Samuel 
Wallace,  C.  T.  McCaughan,  Joseph  McHatton,  William 
Wright,  James  Wallace,  Isaac  N.  Laughead  and  J.  L.  Bull. 
Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Ohio  lying  west  of  the 
Mansfield  Presbytery,  and  north  of  an  extension  of  the  line 
between  Champaign  and  Clark  counties,  west  to  the  Indiana 
State  line,  and  the  northern  lines  of  Madison  and  Franklin 
counties,  to  the  Mansfield  Presbytery. 

Southern  Indiana. — (See  Princeton.) 

Tennessee. — Organized  at  Nashville,  Nov.  13,  1866,  by 
order  of  the  Second  Synod,  from  congregations  placed  under 
its  jurisdiction  by  the  General  Assembly,  the  Rev.  David 
Strang  presiding.  Ministers:  David  Strang,  D.  S.  McHenry, 
and  J.  G.  McKee.     Territory:  The  State  of  Tennessee. 

Xenia. — Organized  at  Springfield,  O.,  Dec.  28,  1858,  from 
the  Presbyteries  of  Springfield  and  Miami,  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Wilson  presiding.  Ministers:  Joseph  Clokey,  R.  D.  Harper, 
G.  W.  Gowdy,  Robert  E.  Stewart,  J.  P.  Wright,  Thomas 
Beveridge,  Samuel  Wilson,  Robert  Forrester,  J.  P.  Smart, 
Cyrus  Cummings  and  Hugh  McHatton.  Territory:  The 
counties  of  Clinton,  Greene,  Clark,  Madison,  Franklin  and 
Fayette. 

Wabash. — Organized  at  Providence  Church,  Clinton  co, , 
Ind.,  Oct.  27,  1864,  by  order  of  the  Second  Synod,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Michigan,  the  Rev.  J.  P.  Wright  presiding. 
Ministers:  S.  C.  Baldridge,  J.  P.  Wright,  Thomas  Mercer,  J. 
R.  Bell,  J.  R.  Shephard,  David  Morrow.  Territory:  The 
State  of  Indiana  from  the  40°  of  north  latitude  to  about  the 


138  HISTORY  OF 

latitude  of  Warsaw,  Ind.  Enlarged  May  30,  1874,  by  the 
addition  of  that  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Michigan  lying 
within  the  State  of  Indiana.  Changed  to  Northern  Indiana 
in  1882. 

White  River. — Organized  at  Bloomington,  Ind.,  Oct.  31, 
1865,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Southern  Indiana,  by  order  of 
the  Second  Synod,  the  Rev.  Wm.  Turner  presiding.  Minis- 
ters ^  William  Turner,  James  Ingles,  William  G.  Spencer, 
John  Bryan  and  M.  M.  Brown.  Territory:  That  part  of  the 
State  of  Indiana  south  of  the  40°  of  north  latitude,  with  the 
counties  of  Vigo,  Clay,  Green,  Lawrence,  Orange  and  Harri- 
son for  its  southwestern  border,  and  including  these  counties. 
The  Presbytery  having  expressed  a  desire  for  re-union  with 
the  Presbytery  of  Princeton,  the  Synod,  Oct.  19,  1870,  au- 
thorized such  a  union,  if  the  way  be  clear.  The  consolidation 
was  effected  at  Princeton,  Ind.,  Sept.  29,  1871,  the  united 
body  to  be  known  as  the  Presbytery  of  Princeton. 

THE  SYNOD  OF   ILLINOIS. 

Bloomington. — Organized  at  Peoria,  111.,  Dec.  22,  1858, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Second  Illinois  and  Northern  Illinois, 
the  Rev.  G.  D.  Henderson  presiding.  Ministers:  Matthew 
Clarke,  Philip  H.  Drennen,  John  M.  Gordon,  G.  D.  Hender- 
son, Elijah  McCoy,  John  W.  Pinkerton,  W.  C.  Pollock  and 
William  R.  Erskine.  Territory:  Eastern  part  of  central  Illi- 
nois.    Changed  to  Central  Illinois  in  1882. 

Central  Illinois. — (See  Bloomington.) 

Chicago. — Organized  at  Somomauk,  111.,  Mar.  2,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Northern  Illinois  and  Second  Illinois, 
the  Rev.  J.  L.  Freetly  presiding.  Ministers:  J.  E.  Freetly, 
R.  W.  French,  Samuel  Collins,  J.  A.  McKee,  Samuel  M. 
Coon,  Samuel  F.  Thompson,  W.  P.  Curry  and  Thomas 
Winter.  Territory:  Northern  part  of  Illinois  and  Southern 
Wisconsin. 

Monmojith. — Organized  at  Monmouth,  111.,  Feb.  8,  1859, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Monmouth  and  Second  Illinois,  the 
Rev.  J.  A.  Edie  presiding.  Ministers:  James  C.  Porter, 
David  MacDill,  John  Scott,  N.  C.  Weede,  D.  C.  Cochran, 
J.  A.  Edie,  Matthew  Bigger,  John  M.  Graham,  Samuel  Mil- 
ieu, James  C.  McKnight,  Alexander  Young,  D.  A.  Wallace, 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN).  1 39 

J.  A.  P.  McGaw,  Robert  Ross,  Marion  Morrison,  J.  R. 
McCallister,  John  Wallace  and  A.  A.  Rogers.  Territory: 
From  Rock  Island  by  a  line  to  La  Salle;  thence  by  the  Illi- 
nois river  to  the  Mississippi;  thence  by  the  river  to  Rock 
Island,  the  ministers  and  congregations  in  Peoria  Co.  being, 
for  the  present,  connected  with  the  Bloomington  Presbytery. 
Divided  Feb.  7,  1865,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery 
of  Rock  Island. 

SL  Louis. — (See  Southern  Illinois.) 

Southern  Illmois. — Organized  as  the  Presbytery  of  St. 
Louis,  at  Sparta,  111.,  Ap.  12,  1859,  from  the  Presbytery  of 
First  Illinois  and  Monmouth,  the  Rev.  James  Morrow  pre- 
siding. Ministers:  James  Morrow,  M.  M.  Brown,  J.  W.  Glenn, 
John  G.  McLean,  W.  A.  Pollock  and  John  F.  Stewart.  Ter- 
ritory:  The  State  of  Missouri  and  that  part  of  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois .lying  south  of  a  line  eastward  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Illinois  river,  through  Vandal ia  to  the  western  boundary  of 
the  counties  touching  the  Wabash  river,  and  southward  by 
these  lines  to  the  Ohio  river:  the  southern  boundary  not  de- 
fined. Divided  Oct.  31,  1867,  by  the  organization  of  the 
Presbytery  of  Western  Missouri.  Sept.  23,  1871,  the  name 
was  changed  to  Southern  Illinois. 

Wisconsin. — Organized  at  Buffalo  Church,  Buffalo  town- 
ship, Marquette  Co.,  Wis.,  Oct.  12,  1864,  from  the  Presbytery 
of  Chicago  and  Le  Claire,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois, 
the  Rev.  William  Smith  presiding.  Ministers:  William 
Smith,  James  A.  Shankland,  Isaac  W.  Collins  and  James  C. 
Elliott.  Territory:  The  State  of  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota. 
November  5,  1865,  divided  by  the  organization  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Minnesota. 

Rock  Island. — Organized  at  Pope  Creek  Church,  now  Sun- 
beam, 111.,  Feb.  7,  1865,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Monmouth, 
the  Rev.  J.  A.  Edie  presiding.  Ministers:  John  A.  Reynolds, 
J.  A.  Edie,  John  H.  Nash,  J.  R.  McCallister,  W.  H.  McMil- 
len,  William  Cooke  and  John  Wallace.  Territory:  The 
northern  part  of  the  Presbytery  of  Monmouth,  including  the 
congregations  of  North  Henderson,  Pope  Creek,  Cedar  Creek, 
Little  York,  Pennsylvania,  Media,  Viola,  Lebanon,  East 
Henry,  Rock  Island  and  Davenport. 


140  HISTORY  OF 

THE   SYNOD   OF   IOWA. 

Des  Moines. — Organized  at  Albia,  Iowa,  Nov.  13,  1858,  by 
order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  from  the  Asso.  and  Asso.  Ref. 
Presbyteries  of  Iowa,  the  Rev.  J.  N.  Pressly  presiding.  Min- 
isters: J.  S.  Maughlin,  John  Graham,  Joseph  White,  J.  A. 
Vance,  J.  N.  Pressly  and  Robert  McAyeal.  Territory:  That 
part  of  the  State  of  Iowa  lying  west  of  the  Iowa  river,  south- 
ward to  a  point  ten  miles  below  Iowa  City;  thence  by  the 
western  lines  of  Washington,  Jefferson  and  Van  Buren 
counties  to  the  State  line.  Divided  Oct.  14,  1863,  by  the  or- 
ganization of  the  Presbytery  of  Nebraska;  Oct.  16,  1867, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Cedar  Rapids,  and 
Nov.  II,  1879,  ^y  th^  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Col- 
lege Springs. 

Keokuk. — Organized  at  Washington,  la.,  Nov.  4,  1858,  by 
order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  from  the  Asso.  and  Asso.  Ref. 
Presbyteries  of  Iowa,  the  Rev.  S.  Mcx\rthur  presiding.  Min- 
isters: William  M.  Boyse,  James  Brown,  J.  P.  Chambers, 
J.  R.  Doig,  R.  N.  Fee,  William  M.  Graham,  R.  J.  Ham- 
mond, D.  Lindsay,  Samuel  McArthur,  N.  McDowell,  Alex. 
Story,  J.  T.  Tate,  Samuel  F.  Vanatta  and  William  H.  Wilson. 
Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Iowa  south  of  a  line  due 
east  from  a  point  on  the  Iowa  river  ten  miles  below  Iowa 
City,  and  southward  to  the  State  line  by  the  west  lines  of 
Washington,  Jefferson  and  Van  Buren  counties. 

Le  Claire. — Organized  at  Cedar  Rapids,  la.,  Nov.  10,  1858, 
from  the  Presbyteries  of  Le  Claire  and  Iowa,  by  order  of  the 
Synod  of  Illinois,  the  Rev.  Henry  Allen  presiding.  Minis- 
ters: H.  Allen,  Robert  S.  Campbell,  Samuel  E.  McKee,  Jon- 
athan Stewart,  J.  D.  Cunningham,  Hugh  Sturgeon,  A.  J. 
Allen,  John  H.  Nash  and  D.  L.  McLain.  Territory :  From  a 
point  on  the  Iowa  river  ten  miles  below  Iowa  City  due  east 
to  the  Mississippi  river;  northward  by  the  Mississippi  river 
on  the  east  and  by  the  Iowa  river  on  the  west;  the  northern 
boundary  undefined.  Divided  Oct.  12,  1864,  by  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  Presbytery  of  Wisconsin,  and  Oct.  16,  1867,  by 
the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Cedar  Rapids. 

Minjiesota. — Organized  at  Eden  Prairie,  Minn.,  Nov.  5, 
1866,  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  from  the  Presbytery 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN).  141 

of  Wisconsin,  the  Rev.  W.J.  Cleland  presiding.  Ministers: 
W.  J.  Cleland,  A.  B.  Coleman,  J.  R.  Bell,  J.  M.  Wallace. 
Territory:  The  State  of  Minnesota  west  of  the  Mississippi 
river  and  north  of  the  State  of  Iowa;  the  northern  and  western 
boundaries  undefined.  June  4,  1873,  transferred  by  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  to  the  Synod  of  Iowa. 

Nebraska. — Organized  at  Nebraska  City,  Neb.,  Oct.  14, 
1863,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Des  Moines,  the  Rev.  T.  Mc- 
Cartney presiding.  Ministers:  Thomas  McCartney,  Andrew 
McCartney,  T.  P.  Proudfit,  David  C.  Wilson,  J.  S.  Maughlin 
and  W.  Douthett.  Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Iowa 
west  of  the  counties  of  Taylor,  Adams  and  Adair,  and  of  a 
line  northward  from  the  northwest  corner  of  Adair  co.  and 
the  territory  of  Nebraska  indefinitely.  Divided  Oct.  19, 
1880,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Omaha,  and 
the  name  changed  by  Synod  Sept.  30,  1880,  to  the  Presby- 
tery of  Pawnee. 

Cedar  Rapids. — Organized  at  Fairfax,  la.,  Oct.  16,  1867, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Le  Claire  and  Des  Moines,  the  Rev.  J. 
L.  Bull  presiding.  Ministers:  J.  L.  Bull,  J.  G.  Freeborn,  J. 
T.  Torrence  and  A.  J.  Allen.  Territory:  From  the  Minne- 
sota State  line  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Winneshiek  co.,  la., 
south  to  the  southeast  corner  of  Linn  co. ,  west  by  the  south 
line  of  Linn  and  Benton  counties  to  a  line  northward  from 
the  northwest  corner  of  Adair  co.  to  the  Minnesota  State  line; 
thence  to  place  of  beginning. 

College  Springs. — Organized  at  Red  Oak,  la.,  Nov.  11, 
1879,  from  the  Presbyteries  of  Des  Moines  and  Nebraska,  the 
Rev.  D.  C.  Wilson  presiding.  Ministers:  D.  C.  Wilson,  P 
H.  Drennen,  J.  H.  Tedford,  R.  T.  McCrea,  William  John 
ston,  David  Dodds,  J.  W.  Johnston,  J.  A.  Shankland  and  S. 
C.  Marshall.  Territory :  That  part  of  the  State  of  Iowa  west 
of  a  line  beginning  on  the  Missouri  State  line  at  the  south- 
east corner  of  Ringgold  co.  and  running  north  to  the  north- 
east; corner  of  Union  co. ;  thence  west  to  the  southwest  corner 
of  Adair;  thence  north  by  the  west  line  of  Adair  co.  to  the 
Minnesota  State  line. 

Omaha. — Organized  at  North  Bend,  Neb.  Oct.  19,  1880, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Nebraska,  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Evans  pre- 


142  HISTORY  OF 

siding.  Ministers:  David  Inches,  Edwin  B.  Graham,  J.  C. 
Evans,  George  R.  Murray,  Thomas  McCague  and  Daniel 
Todd.  Territory:  The  State  of  Nebraska  north  of  a  line 
west  from  the  Missouri  river  by  the  south  side  of  Nebraska 
City  via  Lincoln  to  Grand  Island;  thence  by  the  South 
Platte  to  the  west  line  of  the  State,  including  the  congrega- 
tion of  Dunbar,  but  leaving  Lincoln  with  the  Presbytery  of 
Pawnee. 
Pawnee. — (See  Nebraska.) 

THE  SYNOD   OF   KANSAS. 

Kansas. — Organized  at  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  Dec.  9,  1858, 
by  order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  from  mission  congregations. 
Ministers:  J.  N.  Smith,  J.  R.  Slentz  and  B.  L.  Baldridge. 
Territory:  The  Territory  of  Kansas.  Divided  Sept.  30,  1869, 
by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Garnett.  Oct.  11, 
1878,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Concordia. 
Changed,  in  1886,  to  First  Kansas. 

Western  Missouri. — Organized  at  Warrensburg,  Mo.,  Oct. 
31,  1867,  II  a.  m.,  from  the  Presbytery  of  St.  Louis  (now 
Southern  Illinois),  by  order  of  the  Synod  of  Illinois,  the  Rev. 
M.  Bigger  presiding.  Ministers:  M.  Bigger,  Samuel  Jami- 
son, Joseph  D.  Steele,  Josiah  Thompson  and  R.  G.  Thomp- 
son. Territory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Missouri  lying  west 
of  the  meridian  of  Jefferson  City. 

Garnett. — Organized  at  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  Sept.  30,  1869, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Kansas,  the  Rev.  J.  N.  Smith  presid- 
ing. Ministers:' J.  N.  Smith,  J.  H.  Adair,  J.  W.  Martin, 
David  Lindsay,  Andrew  Renwick,  E.  C.  Cooper  and  D.  T. 
McAuley.  Territory:  The  State  of  Kansas  south  of  the  Kan- 
sas Pacific  railroad;  the  congregations  of  Lawrence  and  To- 
peka  to  remain  in  the  Kansas  Presbytery.  Divided  Nov.  10, 
1874,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Neosho;  Oct. 
14,  1880,  further  reduced  by  the  transfer  of  Woodson,  Wilson 
and  Montgomery  counties  to  Neosho  Presbytery. 

Neosho. — Organized   at   Americus,    Kan.,    Nov.    10,   1874, 

from   the  Presbytery  of  Garnett,  the  Rev.  presiding. 

Ministers:  Joseph  A.  Collins,  Jackson  Duff",  David  Thompson, 
R.  J.  Thompson,  E.  C.  Cooper,  J.  Taylor,  S.  B.  Reed  and 
W.  H.  McCreery.     Territory:    That  part  of  the   State   of 


PRESBYTERIES  (UNITED   PRESBYTERIAN).  143 

Kansas  south  of  the  Kansas  Pacific  railroad,  and  west  of  the 
western  lines  of  Osage,  Coffey,  Woodson,  Wilson  and  Mont- 
gomery counties,  and  the  churches  in  Colorado,  Divided 
Dec.  I,  1875,  by  the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Col- 
orado. Oct.  14,  1880,  enlarged  by  the  transfer  of  the  counties 
of  Woodson,  Wilson  and  Montgomery  from  the  Presbytery  of 
Garnett,  by  the  act  of  Synod.  Divided  Ap.  12,  1881,  by 
the  organization  of  the  Presbytery  of  Arkansas  Valley. 

Colorado. — Organized  at  Evans,  Col.,  Dec.  i,  1875,  from  the 
Presbytery  of  Neosho,  the  Rev.  S.  B.  Reed  presiding.  Min- 
isters: S.  B.  Reed,  W.  H.  McCreery  and  J.  F.  Graham. 
Territory:  The  State  of  Colorado. 

Concordia. — Organized  at  Concordia,  Kan.,  Nov.  6,  1878, 
from  the  Presbytery  of  Kansas,  the  Rev.  Joseph  McKelvey 
presiding.  Ministers:  William  P.  Currie  and  Joseph  Mc- 
Kelvey. Te-rritory:  That  part  of  the  State  of  Kansas  north 
of  Kansas  Pacific  railroad,  and  west  of  a  line  due  north  from 
Manhattan  on  that  road  to  the  State  line. 

Arkansas  Valley. — Organized  at  Ninnescah,  Kan.,  Ap.  12, 
1881,  from  the  Presbytery  of  Neosho,  the  Rev.  David  Thomp- 
son, presiding.  Ministers:  David  Thompson,  W.  C.  Somers,  J. 
S.  Turnbull,  R.  S.  McClenahan  and  E.  C.  Cooper.  Territory: 
That  part  of  the  State  of  Kansas  lying  south  of  the  Kansas 
Pacific  railroad,  and  west  of  a  line  from  that  road  at  the  west 
line  of  Dickinson  co. ;  thence  south  on  the  sixth  principal 
meridian  to  the  south  line  of  Harvey  co. ;  thence  east  to 
eastern  line  of  Butler  co. ;  thence  south  to  the  State  line. 

THE  SYNOD  OF  THE  PACIFIC. 
Oregon. — Organized  at  Union  Point,  Oregon,  Oct.  20,  1852, 
by  a  union  of  the  A.  and  A.  R.  Presbyteries  of  Oregon,  and 
continued  as  an  independent  Presbytery  until  May  5,  1859, 
when,  at  Kendall's  Bridge  meeting-house,  I^inn  co. ,  it  was 
agreed  to  adopt  the  basis  of  union  of  1858,  and  May  25,  i860, 
the  Presbytery  was  admitted  into  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  with  the  reserved  right  of  final  jurisdiction  in 
cases  of  discipline — Min.  Gen.  Ass.,  vol.  i,  pp.  107,  188. 
Ministers:  Wilson  Plain,  S.  G.  Irvine,  T.  S.  Kendall,  J.  M. 
Dick,  J.  Worth,  J.  E.  Hannon  and  S.  D.  Gager.  Territory: 
without  defined  boundaries. 


144  HISTORY  OF 

Sail  Francisco. — Organized  at  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Nov.  8, 
1869,  by  order  of  the  General  Assembly — J/m,,  vol.  II,  p. 
28 — the  Rev.  William  H,  Wilson  presiding.  Ministers:  Wil- 
liam H.  Wilson  and  M.  M.  Gibson.  Territory:  The  State  of 
California. 

MISSIONARY   PRESBYTERIES. 

Sidlkot. — Organized  Dec.  18,  1856,  and  continued  without 
change.  Ministers:  Andrew  Gordon,  E.  H.  Stevenson  and 
R.  A.  Hill. 

Egypt. — Organized  at  Cairo,  Ap.  13,  i860,  3  p.  m.,  by 
order  of  the  General  Assembly — Min.^  vol.  i,  pp.  41-190 — the 
Rev.  James  Barnett  presiding.  Ministers:  James  Barnett, 
Thomas  McCague  and  Gulian  Lansing.  Territory:  Without 
defined  bounds. 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I45 


Alphabetical  List  of  Congregations 


WITH    THEIR 


Historical  Record. 


This  list  gives,  ist,  the  uame  of  the  Congregation ;  2d,  its  County  and 
State ;  3d,  its  present  Presbytery;  4th,  the  date  of  its  organization  ;  and  5th, 
in  the  second  line,  its  Pastorates.  If  the  Congregation  had  a  former  name, 
it  is  given  in  brackets. 

Adair,  Adair  Co.;  Des  Moines;  1878. 

J.  F.  Martin,  1879-80;  O.  S.  Morrow,  1881-4. 

Adams,  Adams  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Oct.,  1870. 

S.  T.  Herron,  Stated  Supply,  1871-5;  A.  McCartney,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  J. 
Pattison,  1877-9;  J-  A.  McCalmont,  1880-3;  J-  A.  Wiley,  1885- 

Adamsville,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1853. 

W.  Bruce,  1853-60;  J.Wallace,  1862-6;  W.  R.  Stewart,  1868-70;  T.  W. 
Winter,  1872-80;  W.  J.  McCrory,  1881-2;  J.  Iv.  Clark,  1883- 

Ainsworth,  Washington  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  1864. 

J.  R.  Doig,  1865-9;  N.  H.  Brown,  1871-6; 

Akmeem;  Egypt;  1882. 

Albany,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  Oct.,  1800. 

Mr.  McDonald,  in  connection  with  a  church  in  Canada,  i8cx>-i8;  James 
Martin,  1824-42;  R.  J.  Hammond,  1843-44;  S.  F.  Morrow,  1846-86; 
J.  A.  Uttell,  1887- 

Albany,  Ore.;  Oregon;  1853. 

S.  G.  Irvine,  1857- 

Albia,  Monroe  Co.,  Iowa.;  Des  Moines;  Nov.  7,  1857. 

J.  N.  Pressly,  1858-62  ;  J.  Hadden,  1866-72  ;  J.  Pattison,  1880-84 ;  J.  Boyd, 

1887- 

Aledo,  Mercer  Co.,  111.,  Rock  Island;  Sept.  22,  1855. 

J.  R.  McCallister,  1862-7  ;  A.  W.  Clokey,  1869-72 ;  T.  B.  Tumbull,  1873- 
84  ;  W.  J.  McCrory,  1885-7. 

Alexandria;  Egypt;  Aug.  26,  1868. 

Alexis,  Warren  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth,  June,  1871. 
M.F  .  McKirahan,  1876-82;  J.  D.  Palmer,  1884- 

10 


146  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Allegheny,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  May  24, 
1873. 

M.  M.  Patterson,  1875-S3. 

Allegheny,  Pa.;  ist  Church;  Allegheny;  Nov.  4,  1831. 
J.  T.  Presbly,  1833-70;  W.J.  Robinson,  1873- 

Allegheny,  Pa.;  2d  Church;  Allegheny;  Oct.  26,  1837. 
J.  Rodgers,  1838-60;  J.  B.  Clark,  1S60-72;  W.  H.  McMillan,  1873- 

Allegheny,  Pa.;  3d  Church;  Allegheny;  May,  1854. 

J.  Holmes,  1855-7;  D.  G.  Bradford,  1857-63;  J.  R.  Kerr,  1864-72;  J.  W. 
Bain,  1873-74;  E.  S.  McKitrick,  1875- 

Allegheny,  Pa.;  4th  Church;  Allegheny;  April  17,  i860. 

C.  A.  Dickey,  1862-69;  W.  Fulton,  1870-73;  W.  G.  Moorehead,  1875-76; 
J.  M.  Fulton,  1877- 

Allegheny,  Pa.;  5th  Church;  Allegheny;  Nov.  18,  1862. 

D.  M.  B.  McLean,  1863-65  ;  J.  W.  Witherspoon,  1867- 

Allegheny  [Manchester],  Pa.;  6th  Church;  Allegheny;  1849; 
G.  D.  Archibald,  1850-55  ;  J.  C.  Steele,  S.  S.,  1857-59;  A.  D.  Clark,  1861- 
84;  D.  F.  McGill,  1885- 

Allegheny,  7th  Church;  Allegheny;  April  21,  1880. 
G.  W.  McDonald,  1880- 

Allerton,  Wayne  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  June  17,  1876. 

A.  R.  Munford,  1882-6. 

Alpena,  Alpena  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  Sept.  18,  1884. 

J.  L.  Thompson,  S.  S.,  1884-6;  N.  R.  Walker,  1887- 

Americus,  Lyon  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  March  15,  1859. 

D.  T.  McAuley,  S.  S.,  1866-67  ;  J.  A.  Collins,  1870-84 ;  A.  R.  Rankin,  1886- 

Amity,  Coshocton  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1861. 

[Mill  Creek,  A.  R.,  1818;  Supplies;  D.  F.  Reid,  1841-56;  W.  A.  McCon- 
nell,  1S59-],  [Keene,  Asso.,  1838;  J.  M.  Henderson,  1845-6;  J.  P.  Scott, 
1854-6 ;  W.  A.  McConnell,  1859-]  ;  consolidated  as  Amity  in  1861 ;  W. 
A.  McConnell  till  1864;  Supplies;  D.  A.  McClenahan,  1881-2;  S.  A. 
Moore,  1884- 

Amity,  Jewell  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  Jan.  30,  1874. 
R.  A.  Hamill,  1881-82;  W.  Wallace,  1887- 

Amity,  Tama  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  Feb.  27,  1875. 

W.J.  McAllister,  S.  S.,  1876-9;  J.  M.  Hamilton,  1S79- 

Andes,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  1834. 
J.  Laing,  1834-58 ;  D.  C.  Niven,  1859-61 ;  J.  Bruce,  1S64- 

Andrew,  Jackson  Co.,  Iowa;  LeClaire;  1857. 

J.  Stewart,  1858-65;  G.  W.  Torrence,  1866-73;  W.  A.  Pollock,  1877-79; 
W.  W.  Gordon,  1879-85  ;  J.  M.  McArthur,  1886- 

Anthony,  Harper  Co.,  Kan. ;  Arkansas  Valley;  March  14,  1880. 

E.  C.  Cooper,  1885- 

Antrim    [Miller's   Fork],    Guernsey   Co.,    O. ;    Muskingum; 
1824. 

S.  Findley,  1824-55  ;  W.  Lorimer,  1858-65  ;  A.  H.  Caldwell,  1867- 
Apollo  [Warren],  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1830. 

W.  Galbraith,  1836-39;  T.  Gilkerson,  1840-59;  O.  Katz,  1865-73;  R.  A. 
Jamison,  1878- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  147 

Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.;  Argyle;  Nov.,  1792. 

G.   Mairs,   1793-1841 ;   G.   Mairs,  jr.,  1823-51  ;  J.   B^Scouller    1852-62; 
D.  M.  Ure,  1862-72 ;  W.  P.  Kane,  1873-84 ;  T.  B.  Tunibull,  1884- 
Arg}de,  Redwood  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  Jan.  21,  1871. 
Arkansas  City,   Cowley  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  March 

R.  J.  Thompson,   1874-5;  R.  S.  McClenahau,   1878-82;  J.  O.  Campbell, 
1883-7  ;  J.  White,  1887- 
Arlington,  Columbia  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  March  30,  1881, 

J.  D.  Smith,  1881- 

Arlington,  Washington  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Sept.  16,  1883. 
Asyoot;  Egypt;  1870. 

Atlantic,  Cass  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  October  25,  1875. 
R.  T.  McCrea,  1876-S6  ;  J.  C.  Truesdale,  1887- 

Atwood  [Concord],  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  1826. 

J.  Hiudmau,  1831-45;  W.  Smith,  1851-60;  D.  K.  Duff,  1865- 

Austin,  Sanilac  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1866. 

J   B.  Wilson,  1867-71  ;  F.  W.  Vertican,  S.  S.,  1880-83;  L.  McGee,  S.  S., 
1883-5. 

Avondale  [a  reorganization  of  White  Eyes],  Coshocton  Co. , 

O. ;  Mansfield;  1873. 
D.  A.  McClenahan,  1881-2  ;  S.  A.  Moore,  1884- 

Awankha,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  1884. 
Azaimeh;  Egypt;  1885. 
Azzeeyah;  Egypt;  1880. 

Bad  Axe,  Huron  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  June  5,  1881. 
F.  W.  Vertican,  S.  S.,  1881-3;  J.  P.  Gibson,  1884-5. 

Badoki,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  March  21,  1883. 

Bagley,  Guthrie  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Oct.  i,  1881. 

Bagore,  Egypt;  1879. 

Baltimore,  Md. ;  Philadelphia;  April,  1826. 

A.  White,  1827-33  ;  J.  G.  Smart,  1833-50 ;  W.  Bruce,  1855-73 ;  W.  A.  Edie, 
1875-9;  T.  W.  Anderson,  1880- 

Barclay,  Black  Hawk  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  1879. 
Barlow,  Washington  Co.,  O;  Muskingum;  1850. 

S.  M.  Hutchison,  1854-7;  J.  McNeal,  1857-60;  H.  Forsyth,  S.  S.,  1861-6; 
J.  Straus,  S.  S.,  1869-70;  W.  S.  Harper,  1872-3;  J.  D.  Palmer,  1876-84; 
D.  W.  Irons,  1885- 
Barnet,  Caledonia  Co.,  Vt. ;  Vermont;  1790. 

D.  Goodwillie,  1790-1830;  T.  Goodwillie,  1826-67;  J.  Service,  1868-77; 
R.  N.  Hammond,  1879-82  ;  D.  M.  McKinlay,  1884- 

Battle  Creek,  Ida  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  July  11,  1883. 
Bayard,  Guthrie  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Nov.  4,  1883. 
Beaver,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Aug.  i,  1853. 

J.  A.  McGill,  S.  S.,  1853-60;  D.  H.  A.  McLean,  1861-8;  J.  C.  W^ilson, 
1869-72;  J.  A.  Wilson,  1872-6;  J.  D.  Sands,  1876-80;  W.  A.  Edie, 
1880-87. 


148  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Beaver  Falls,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  Beaver  Valley;  July  26,  1869. 

J.  I.  Frazer,  1871-83;  E.  N.  McElree,  1885- 
Beaver  Run,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  1842. 

J.  Todd,  1843-65 ;  A.  B.  Struthers,  1868-71 ;  M.  S.  Telford,  1873-82 ;  J.  R. 
May,  1S86- 

Beech  Woods,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  Feb.  26,  1870. 

M.  S.  Telford,  1873-82 ;  J.  R.  May,  1886- 

Bellaire,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  April  29,  1872. 

R.  G.  Wallace,  1874- 

Belle  Flower,  Ford  Co.,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  Oct.  21,  1871. 

J.  L.  Fairley,  1874- 

Bellefontaine,  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1832. 

J.  N.  Gamble,  1833-42;  S.Wallace,  1850-4;  J.  McHatton,  1855-9;  W.  H. 
Jeffers,  1862-5  ;  J-  Williamson,  1867-87  ; 
Belle  Prairie,  Hamilton  Co.,  111.;  Princeton;  Dec,  1864. 
A.  S.  Montgomery,  1870-4. 

Bellevue,  Allegheny  co..  Pa.;  Allegheny;  May  21,  1872. 

S.  H.  Graham,  1874- 

Belmont,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1827. 

J.  Clokey,  1827-34;  vS.  McArthur,  1838-51;  J.  Alexander,  1853-5 ;  W. 
Grimes,  1858- 

Belmore,  Putnam  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  April  i,  1880. 

R.  H.  Boyd,  1883- 

Beni  Aadi;  Egypt;  1883. 

Benkleman,  Dundy  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  Jan.  8,  1886. 

D.  H.  Blair,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Benoob,  Egypt;  Dec.  4,  1880. 

Beracha,  Indiana  co..  Pa.;  Brookville;  1824. 

J.  Hindman,  1831-45 ;  J.  C.  Telford,  1850-67 ;  D.  W.  McLane,  1871-5  ; 
D.  H.  Blair,  1877-83. 

Berea,  Anderson  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  Feb.,  1858. 

J.  N.  Smith,  1858-69 ;  W.  R.  Erskine,  1871-3 ;  S.  W.  Gilkey,  1881-5. 

Berlin,  Sangamon  Co.,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  1852. 

J.  M.  Gordon,  1854-60;  B.  F.  Pinkerton,  1863-4;  A.  W.  McGibbon,  1S66-S. 

Bethany,  Webster  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  May,  1878. 

Bethel    [Brush  Creek],  Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;  Westmore- 
land; June  22,  1784. 

M.  Henderson,  1785-S;  J.  Jamieson,  1793-5;  M.  Henderson,  1800-18;  J. 
Walker,  1820-3 ;  M.  Dick,  1824-35  ;  J.  Osborne,  1836-47 ;  W.  Conner, 
1849-52;  A.  G.  Wallace,  1854-68;  J.  W.  McFarland,  1869-71;  W.  H. 
McMaster,  1871-4;  J.  N.  Dick,  1877- 

Bethel,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1801. 

E.  Henderson,  1802-4 ;  H.  Kirkland,  1820-34 ;  J.  Kelso,  1852-65 ;  T.  F. 
Boyd,  1867-74. 

Bethel  [Little  Beaver],  Lawrence  Co.,   Pa.;  Beaver  Valley; 
1800. 

J.  Duncan,  1800-4;  D.  Imbrie,  1806-42;  J.  W.  Harsha,  1844-53;  S.  Alex- 
ander, 1855-72 ;  J.  S.  Dice,  1874- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAI.   RECORD.  149 

Bethel,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1810. 

H.  McRoddeii,  1820-4;  N.  C.  Weede,  1833-48;  S.  M.  Coon,  1850-5  ;  H.  Q. 
Graham,  1S56-73 ;  D.  H.  Blair,  1876-7  ;  T.  P.  Patterson,  1879- 

Bethel,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  1839. 

R.  W.  Oliver,  1S46-53 ;  J.  Armstrong,  1856-68;  C.  Cummins,  1870-85. 

Bethel,  Perry  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1850. 

D.  Steele,  1860-6;  J.  C.  Elliott,  1868- 

Bethel,  Peoria  Co,,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  June  3,  1853. 

E.  McCoy,  1858-66;  T.  P.  Proudfit,  1868-71;  J.  Harper,  1873- 

Bethel  [La  Motte;  Zwingle],  Jackson  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire, 
1857. 

J.  Stewart,   1858-65;  G.  W.  Torrence,   1866-73;  W.  A.   Pollock,   1877-9; 
W.  W.  Gordon,  1879-S5. 

Bethel,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1832. 

[Ref.  Pres.  A.  W.  Black,  1833-8;  J.  Hutchman,  S.  S.,  1848-50;  D.  Ken- 
nedy, 1850-5  ;  J.  F.  Hill,  1858-66]  ;  [U.  P.  1868;  W.  D.  Ewing,  1870-86; 

Bethesda,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1780. 

M.  Henderson,  1785-1829;  M.  McKinstry,  1836-45  ;  S.  Jamison,  1848-66; 
D.  H.  Pollock,  1869- 

Bethsaida   [Tipton],   Tipton  Co.,    Ind. ;   Northern   Indiana; 
Sept.  8,  1849. 

A.  McCahan,  1855-8  ;  J.  P.  Wright,  1861-6  ;  J.  H.  Tedford,  1866-77  ;  T.  T. 
Miller,  1879-83 ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1886- 

Beulah,   Westmoreland  Co.,    Pa.;  Westmoreland;  June    14, 
1844. 

W.  Conner,  1844-57 ;  J-  D.  Walkinshaw,   1860-5  ;   T.  F.  Boyd,    1867-75  ; 
A.  R.  Rankin,  1879-S6. 

Beulah,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  Feb.  12,  1852.    [Pre- 
viously a  part  of  Caledonia.] 
I.  Faries,  1852-8 ;  W.  J.  Robinson,  1859-73  ;  W.  H.  Haney,  1873-83 ;  H.  H. 
W^allace,  1884-6 ;  J.  A.  Anderson,  1887- 

Beulah,  Crawford  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  April  26,  1880. 

W.  L.  Garges,  1882-85. 

Big  Spring,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  Sept.,  1764. 
J.  Rodgers,  1772-81;  J.  Jamieson,  1784-92;  J.  McConnell,  1799-1809;  A. 
Sharp,  1824-57;  W.  L.  Wallace,  1861-79;  G.  M.  Reed,  1880- 

Big  Spring,  Blount  Co. ,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  1868. 

J.  McNeal,  1869-79. 
Big  Springs,  Keith  Co.;  Pawnee;  July,  1887. 
Biggsville,    Henderson  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  June  3,   1866 
[part  of  Ellison]. 

D.  W.  McLane,  1866-68;  J.  M.  Baugh,  1868-9;  D.  M.  Thorn,  1871-2;  R. 
Graham,  1873-86 ;  J.  A.  Renwick,  1887- 

Birmingham,  Van  Buren  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  1841. 

D.  Lindsay,  1842-54 ;  S.  McArthur,  1855-64 ;  J.  8.   Ross,  1866-73 ;  E.  B. 
Graham,  1876-80;  G.  Warrington,  1882- 

Blairsville,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1831. 

N.  C.  W^eede,  1833-8 ;  J.  G.  Fulton,  1839-47  ;  M.  Clarke,  1853-55  ;  W.  Con- 
ner, 1858-64;  D.  W.  Collins,  1865-82;  W.  H.  McMaster,  1882- 

Blanchard,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  May,  1874. 

R.  M.  Sherrard,  1881-84. 


150  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Bloomfield,   Muskingum    Co.,   O. ;    Muskingum;   March   20, 
1818. 
D.  McLean,  1824-54;  J-  P-  Ivjtle,  1855- 

Bloomfield,  Jeflferson  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  Oct.  10,  1871. 
J.  M.  Jamieson,  1871-6. 

Bloomington,  Monroe  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  Sept.  7,  1833. 

[Asso.  Ref.,  W.  D.  Turner,  1836-69];  [Ref.  Pres.,  Dr.  Wylie,  1838-69]; 
[Asso.,  I.  N.  Laughead,  1839-43;  J.  Bryan,  1855-62];  [united  under 
Mr.  Turner  as  U.  P.];  W.  P.  McNary,  1870-84;  S.  R.  Lyons,  1885- 

Blue  Hill,  Webster  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  May,  1885. 

Blue  Mound,  Linn  co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  April  22,  1880. 
O.  G.  Brockett,  1883-87 ; 

Bluestone,  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  Va. ;  Board  of  Missions  to  the 
Freedmen;  April  20,  1884. 

J.  A.  Ramsay,  8.  S.,  1885- 

Bonilla,  Beadle  Co.,  Dak.;  Omaha;  May  17,  1884. 

W.  T.  Moflfett,  S.  S.,  1884- 

Boolac;  Egypt. 

Boston,  Mass.;  Boston;  Nov.  26,  1846. 

A.  Blaikie,  1S47-80;  J.  Hood,  1881- 

Boston,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Feb.  27,  1885. 

D.  M.  Thorn,  1S85- 

Bovina,  Delaware  co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Oct.,  1809. 
R.  Laing,  1S14-23 ;  J.  Graham,  1832-53;  J.  B.  Lee,  1856- 

Boyden,  Sioux  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Nov.,  1883. 

W.  E.  Duulap,  1886- 

Braddock's  Field,  Allegheny  Co.,   Pa.;  Westmoreland;  July 
27,  1864. 

J.  S.  Easton,  1869-76;  W.  S.  Fulton,  1877-8;  S.J.  Shaw,  1879- 

Brighton;  Washington  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  1845. 

S.  F.  Vanatta,  1855-63;  W.  Wright,  1865-9;  A.  S.  Vincent,  1872-9. 

Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  1804. 

R.  Proudfit,  1804-18;  J.  Otterson,  1821-7;  M.  N.  McLaren,  1827-33;  D. 
Caw,  1834-45  ;  J.  M.  Graham,  1848-57  ;  J.  L.  Clark,  1858-72  ;  A.  Henry, 
1873- 
Brockway,  St.  Clair  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1867. 

W.  Robertson,  186S-75 ;  A.  B.  McCarroll,  1879-S2 ;  J.  R.  Baird,  1884- 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  ist  Church;  New  York;  March  21,  r849. 

S.  F.  Farmer,  1855-61  ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1862-67  ;  M.  L.  Ross,  1869-72  ;  R.  T. 
Wylie,  1872-5  ;  J.  H.  Andrew,  1876- 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  2d  Church;  New  York;  Sept.  8,  1858. 

D.  J.  Patterson,  1858- 

Brookville,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  Brook ville;  1840. 

J.  C.  Truesdale,  1859-64;  A.  B.  Stnithers,  1868-71  ;  G.  C.  Vincent,  1872-7 ; 
G.  A.  B.  Robinson,  1878- 

Brownsdale,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1859. 

R.  M.  Patterson,  1861-4;  R-  G.  Young,  1871-5;  R.  P.  McClester,  1880- 

Brownsville,  Linn  Co.,  Oregon;  Oregon;  1851. 
W.  Blain,  1853-61;  J.  Worth,  1862-74;  T.  J.  Wilson,  1877- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL.   RECORD,  151 

Brownsville,  Monroe  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1850. 

S.  Ramsay,  1860-1 ;  J.J.  Imbrie,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  M.  M.   Pollock,  1877-83. 

Bruce,  Lapeer  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1846. 

A.  Irons,  1853-8;  J.  M.  Maclellan,  vS.  S.,  1860-3,  and  1866-70;  J.  B.  Wil- 
son, 1871-9;  W.  W.  Curry,  1881-7 ; 

Buchanan  Hill,  Marshall  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  Wheeling;  1848. 
H.  Parks,  1856-61 ;  W.  A.  Wilson,  1880-1  ;  A.  J.  Hanna,  1882-4. 

Buckland,  Auglaize  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Nov.  11,  1881. 

J.  E.  Kerr,  1882-4 ;  J.  C.  Gibney,  1886- 

Buena  Vista,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1875. 

D.  Dodds,  1876-7. 

Buena  Vista,    Allegheny  Co.,   Pa.;   Westmoreland;  Jan.  8, 
1867  [part  of  Bethesda,  having  regular  services  for  several 
years  previous  to  organization], 
J.  S.  Speer,  1867-73 ;  D.  M.  Thorn,  1879-87. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y,,  Caledonia;  Aug.  9,  1848. 

C.  Kendall,  1S50-72  ;  H.  W.  Crabbe,  1873-84;  R.  C.  Dodds,  18S6- 

Buflfalo,  Marquette  Co. ,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  March  25,  1852, 
W.  Smith,  1864-72;  H.  B.  Turner,  1S77-80;  R.  G.  Campbell,  1882-7; 

Buffalo,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1812. 

J.  Dickie,  181 1-36;  W.  Galbraith,  1836-66;  R.  B.  Robertson,  1867-72; 
1,.  McCampbell,  1873- 

Burchard,  Pawnee  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  June,  1881. 

W.  M.  Richie,  1884- 

Burgettstown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  1802. 

W.  C.  Brownlee,  1809-12;  A.  Donnan,  1819-39;  R.J.  Hammond,  1846- 
56;  S.  H.  Graham,  1862-71 ;  J.  Hood,  1872-8;  D.  W.  Carson,  1878- 

Burlington,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  June  8,  1835. 

S.  Topping,  1840-4 ;  J.  M.  Herron,  1857-8 ;  R.  G.  Wallace,  1861-6 ;  S.  I. 
McKee,  1868-70;  T.  A.  Scott,  1874-87; 

Burlington,  Des  Moines  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Feb.   i6,  1876. 

E.  D.  Campbell,  S.  S.,  1875-7;  J-  A.  Pollock,  S.  S.,  1878-81;  P.  Swan, 
1882- 

Butler,  Pa. ;  Butler;  1805. 

I.  Niblock,  1819-64;  J.  Gailey,  1866-71;  G.  McCormick,  1872-3;  R.  G. 
Ferguson,  1875-84 ;  J.  S.  McKee,  1885- 

Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  1832. 

J.  Laing,  1834-58;  J.  E.  Taylor,  1859-66;  J.  M.  Smeallie,  1868-8;  A.  F, 
Ashton,  1870-74;  A.  S.  Biddle,  1875-9;  W.  J.  Martin,  1880-6. 

Cadiz,    Harrison  Co.,    O. ;   Wheeling;    Asso.   Ref,    Oct.   30, 

1 813;  Asso.,  about  1814. 

[Asso.  Ref.],  W.  Taggart,  1814-38;  A.  Wilson,  1840-51;  J.  C.  Forsyth, 
1852-8;  [Asso.],  J.  Walker,  1814-18;  T.  Hanna,  1821-49;  J-  R-  Doig, 
1849-52;  S.  Patton,  1853-4;  J.  S.  McCready,  1856-64;  consolidated, 
1864;  W.  T.  Meloy,  1865-78 ;  S.  R.  Frazier,  1878-80;  S.  M.  Bailey, 
1881-86;  R.  G.  Ramsay,  1887- 

Cairo,  Egypt;  Feb.  15,  1863. 

Calcutta  [West  Union],  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville; 

1815. 
E.  N.  Scroggs,  1820-51;  J.B.Barclay,  1852-57;   T.  Andrews,  1861-62; 


152  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF  CONGREGATIONS 

J.  W.  Martin,  1865-68;  J.  H.  Leiper,  1868-81 ;  R.  A.  Gilfillan,  1883-85  ; 
W.  J.  McClintock,  1885- 

Caledonia,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  Nov.  3,  1810. 
J.  Campbell,  1813-17;  W.  Boyse,  1819-23;  D.  C.  McLaren,  1826-52;  W. 
S.  McLaren,  1S53-70;  D.  F.  Bonner,  1S71-84;  R.  M.  Russell,  1884- 

Caledonia,  Switzerland  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  1833. 

W.  Home,  1834-48;  R.  N.  Kirkpatrick,  1854-6;  T.  Dickson,  1858-62; 
A.  McBride,  1S73-9;  N.  R.  Walker,  1879-S2  ;  J.  E.  Black,  1886- 

Caledonia,  Ritchie  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  Wheeling;  1843. 
D.  B.  Jones,  1849-55 ;  D.  M.  Sleeth,  1874- 

Caledonia,  Wabasha  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  March  19,  1861. 
J.  D.  Smith,  S.  S.,  1868-70;  J.  T.  Tate,  S.  S.,  1870-1 ;  J.  L.  Whitla,  S.  S., 
1871-2;   J.  T.  Tate,  S.  S.,  1873-5;   J.  Rodgers,  S.  S.,  1S76-78;    B.  Mc- 
Cullough,  S.  S.,  1878-80. 

Caledonia,  Columbia  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  Sept.  4,  1862. 
H.  Brown,  1867-76;  H.  B.  Turner,  1877-8;  D.  P.  George,  S.  S.,  1879-^; 
J.  D.  Smith,  1881- 

California,  Branch  Co.,  Mich.;  Sidney;  June  16,  1865. 
J.  E.  Kerr,  1885- 

Cambridge,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  April  19,  1769. 

J.  Dunlap,  1791-1816;  D.  C.  McLaren,  1820-6;  W.  Howden,  1829-34; 
P.  Gordon,  1835-40;  T.  C.  McLaury,  1842-52;  W.  B.  Shortt,  1853-86; 
S.  J.  Kyle,  1887- 

Cambridge,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1822. 

D.  McLean,  1824-37;  J.  McGill,  1838-47;  T.  Brown,  1850-9;  W.  H.  Mc- 
Farland,  1860- 

Camp  Creek,  Carroll  Co.,  IlL ;  Chicago;  Oct.,  1850. 

S.  F.  Thompson,  S.  S.,  1864-8;  C.  H.  Mitchell,  1872- 

Camp  Run,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Sept.  28,   1872. 

J.  Patterson,  1874-9. 
Canonsburg      [Speer's      Spring],     Washington      Co.,     Pa.; 
Chartiers;  1830. 
A.  McCahan,  1831-43  ;  T.  Callahan,  1844-8  ;  W.  Wallace,  1850-1 ;  D.  Paul, 
1853-5;    W.  H.  Andrew,   1857-9;   J-  W.   Bain,   1861-7;   J.   G.   Carson, 
1867-9 ;  W.  Weir,  1870-3 ;  J.  S.  Spear,  1874- 

Cannonsburg,  Hancock  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Asso.,  1836;  Asso. 
Ref.,   1847. 

[Asso.]  S.  McLean,  1842-9;  J.  M.  Snodgrass,  1851-6;  [Asso.  Ref.]  J.  R. 
Bonner,  1851-9;  [U.  P.]  J.  Rodgers,  1863-68;  W.  Wright,  S.  S.  and 
pastor,  1876-81 ;  J.  E.  Kerr,  1882-4. 

Carbon  Centre,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Sept.  10,  1878. 
Carmel,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.,   Indiana;  [organized  in  1798,  as 
Drennon's  Creek,   in  Henry  Co.,  Ky.,  and  removed  to  In- 
diana in  1812]. 
A.  Fulton,  1798-1818;  A.  Isaac,  1820-7;  J.  Wallace,  S.  S.,  1831-2 ;  J.  M. 
Henderson,  1834-44;  M.  Arnott,  1847-74;  H.  P.Jackson,  1876- 

Carnahan  Creek,  Riley  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  1862. 

J.  P.  Finney,  S.  S.,  1867-71;  W.  P.  Currie,  S.  S.  and  pastor,  1873-83; 
G.  E.  Carnahan,  1886- 

Carrollton,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1841. 

J.  Golden,  1851-7  ;  J.  W.  Martin,  1862-5  ;  J.  R.  Slentz,  1867-9;  A.  J.  Allen 
1872-82 ;  N.  E.  Wade,  1886- 


WITH  THEIR  HISTORICAL  RECORD.  1 53 

Cascade,  Dubuque  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  Oct.  27,  1862. 
J.  Sawhill,  1863-75 ;  W.  Donaldson,  1877-86. 

Cass  Centre,  Cass  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  1867. 

W.  M.  Graham,  S.  S.,  1871-5 ;  R.  T.  McCrea,  1876- 

Cassville  [Moorefield],  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1837. 

H.  Parks,  1837-56;  W.  G.  Waddle,  1859- 

Cedar  Creek,  Warren  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  July  4,  1835. 

J.  C.  Porter,  1841-63;  J.  A.  Reynolds,  1863-72;  J.  M.  Atchison,  1873-84; 
W.  Donaldson,  1886- 

Cedar  Rapids  [Kingston],  Iowa;  ist  Church;  Cedar  Rapids; 
1851. 

H.  sturgeon,  1856-9;  J.  L.  Fulton,  1864-68;  D.  M.  Gordon,  1868-74; 
J.  Duncan,  1875-84;  J.  A.  Monteith,  1885- 

Cedar  Rapids,   Iowa,   2d  Church;    Cedar  Rapids;  Sept.    11, 
1874. 

J.  T.  Wilson,  1875-7 ;  J-  H.  Niblock,  1880-87. 
Cedarville,  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1844. 

J.  H.  Buchanan,  1848-54;  J.  P.  Wright,  1856-60;  J.  A.  McCall,  1863-64; 
W.  H.  Haney,  1865-72  ;  H.  F.  Wallace,  1875-83 ;  A.  M.  Campbell,  1885- 

Center  [Slippery  Rock],  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley; 
1820. 

J.  Ferguson,  1823-4 ;  D.  Norwood,  1826-33 ;  J-  Neil,  1838-57 ;  J.  B.  Bar- 
clay, 1862-7  ;  J.  H.  Peacock,  1S67-73  ;  J.  D.  Glenn,  1874-81 ;  A.  K.  DuflF, 
1882-87. 

Center,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  May  2,  1859. 

D.  S.  Kennedy,  1862-72 ;  J.  B.  Waddell,  1873-86. 

Center  Ridge,  Montgomery  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  June 
I,  1882. 

T.  T.  Miller,  1883-86;  R.  Hood,  1886- 

Centerview,  Johnson  Co.,  Mo.;  Western  Missouri;  Dec.  21, 
1867. 

J.  Thompson,  1868-73  ;  G.  W.  Torrence,  1874-76 ;  J.  A.  Sherrard,  1880-2  ; 
W.  S.  Moflfatt,  1883-6 ; 

Centerville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Sept.,  1848. 

W.  T.  McAdam,  1852-3 ;  R.  McWatty,  1855-9 ;  A.  R.  Rankin,  1859-61 ; 
S.  C.  Reid,  1865-7 ;  W.  D.  Ewing,  1870-86 ; 

Centerville,  Appanoose  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  March   18, 
1872. 

G.  R.  Murray,  1876-9;  M.  B.  Brownlee,  S.  S.,  1882- 

Chariton,  Lucas  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Sept.  15,  1858. 

J.  K.  Black,  S.  S.,  1868-9;  G.  P.  Raitt,  S.  S.,  1872-3;  S.  F.  Clark,  S.  S., 
1875-6;  R.  B.  Stewart,  S.  S.,  1879-83;  Albert  Gordon,  1884- 

Chartiers,  Canonsburgh,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1775. 

M.  Henderson,  1781-95  ;  J.  Smith,  1796-1802 ;  J.  Ramsay,  1805-49 ;  J-  B. 
Clark,  1853-60;  D.  H.  French,  1861-6;  D.  M.  B.  McLean,  1871-80; 
W.  B.  Smiley,  1882- 

Chartiers,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Jan.   18,  1883. 

E.  P.  Paxton,  1885- 

Chartiers  Cross  Road,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  18 10. 

S.  Findley,   1814-20;  J.Graham,   1820-9;    ^-  McCahan,   1831-7;    T.  L. 
10* 


154  ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Speer,  1843-51;  J.  Andrews,  1853-8;  J.  C.  Hen-on,   1860-7;  H.  A.  Mc- 
Donald, 1869-72;  J.  A.  Crier,  1874-83;  J.  H.  Timmons,  1884- 

Chase  City,  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  Va. ;  1872. 

J.  Y.  Ashenhust,  S.  S.,  1872-77;  became  extinct  about  1882;  organized 
under  Freedmen's  Board,  March  10,  1882;  M.  Clarke,  Missionary  and 
S.  S.,  1878-81 ;  J.  A.  Ramsay,  S.  S.,  1882-;  J.  H.  Veazey,  1883- 

Cherry  Fork,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  1803. 

D.  Risk,  1804-9 ;  W.  Baldridge,  1809-30;  R.Stewart,  1832-51;  D.  Mc- 
Dill,  1853-76;  J.  S.  Martin,  1877- 

Cherry  Run,  Clarion  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  May  6,  1858. 
S.  C.  Reid,  1860-4;  W.  A.  Black,  1867-72;  M.  S.  Telford,  1873-82. 

Chesley,  Ontario,  Can.;  Stamford;  1875. 

W.  Findley,  1876-9. 

Chetopa,  Labette  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  May  10,  1869. 

W.  A.  Findley,  1870-2;  J.  D.  Graham,  1876-86;  J.  A.  Thompson,  1887-7. 

Chiastin,  Lane  Co.,  Oregon;  Oregon;  Feb.,  1854. 

J.  M.  Dick,  1854- 

Chicago,  111.;  Chicago;  i860. 

W.  C.  Jackson,  1861-68;  J.  M.  Baugh,  1869-73;  J.  W.  Bain,  1874-77; 
W.  T.  Meloy,  1878- 

Chicopee,  Hamden  Co.,  Mass.;  Boston;  Feb.  15,  1886. 

G.  Kerr,  1887- 

Chikaskia,   Sumner  Co.,   Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  Nov.  30, 
1879. 
L.  Magee,  1885-6. 

Cincinnati,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1833. 

J.  C.  Steele,  1838-41;  J.  Prestley,  1842-54;  G.  D.  Archibald,  1855-60; 
J.  D.  Turner,  1861-8;  W.  H.  French,  1870- 

Clarence,  Cedar  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  i860. 

L.  I.  Crawford,  S.  S.,  1864-65  ;  J.  S.  Buchanan,  1S66-72 ;  J.  B.  Galloway 
1874-9;  T.  H.  Brown,  1880-4;  W.  F.  Johnston,  1885- 

Glarinda,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Feb.  22,  1863. 

D.  C.  Wilson,  1866-87  ; 

Clarksville,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  1840. 

B.  K.  Ormond,  1858-69;  C.  Cummins,  1870-6;  W.J.  Snodgrass,  1878- 

Clayton,  Adams  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  1845. 

S.  Millen,  1849-56 ;  J.  H.  Brown,  1864-9 ;  J-  A.  Edie,  1869-78 ;  J.  V. 
Pringle,  1879-87. 

Clearfield,  Taylor  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Oct.  26,  1881. 

J.  W.  Cleland,  1883-7 ; 

Clear  Fork,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1847. 

J.  C.  Brownlee,  1854-5;  D.  Thompson,  1861-74;  J-  W.  Martin,  1882- 

Cleveland,  O. ;  ist  Church;  Cleveland;  Nov.  5,  1843. 

J.  W.  Logue,  1843-9;  J.  McGill,  1849-61;  J.  S.  McConnell,  S.  S.,  1862-65; 
D.  M.  B.  McLean,  1865-70;  H.  A.  McDonald,  1872-5;  J.  L.  Aten 
1876-9;  J.  M.  French,  1881- 

Cleveland,  O. ;  2d  Church;  Cleveland;  May  ti,  1883. 

A.  H.  Elder,  S.  S.,  1883-6;  Pastor,  1887- 

Clifton,  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1859. 

W.  A.  Campbell,  1861-77;  R.  C.  Wyatt,  1778-85;  S.  M.  Bailey,  1886- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I55 

Clinton  [Union],  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Bntler;  1845. 

I.  Niblock,  1845-52;  J.  Jamisou,  1855-60;  W.  R.  Hutchison,  1861-73;  J. 
M.  Imbrie,  1875-8;  S.  B.  Stewart,  1882- 

Clintou,  Allegheny  Co. ,   Pa. ;  Frankfort  [part  of  Montour] ; 

1797. 
W.  Wilson,  1800-42;  J.  Scott,   1843-5;  T.  B.  Hanna,  1849-52;  J.  Thomp- 
son, 1858-66;  D.  K.  McKnight,  1872-86. 

Clinton,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.;  Boston;  Jan,  8,  1883. 

Clintonville,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1850. 

W.  A.  Black,  1854-8;  D.  Forsyth,  1860-67;  J.  C.  McElree,  1869-85. 

Cochranton  [Sugar  Creek],  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1815. 

A.  D.  Campbell,  1817-20;  S.  F.  Smith,  1828-46;  H.  H.  Thompson, 
1847-65;  D.  Donnan,  1866- 

Coila,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  Aug.,  1785. 

T.  Beveridge,  1789-98;  J.  Banks,  1799-1802;  A.  Bnllious,  1808-57;  H. 
Gordon,  1857- 

Coin,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  June  12,  1880. 

R.  M.  Sherrard,  1881-3;  J.  Pattison,  1884- 

Coldwater,  Comanche  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  July  7, 
1885. 

W.  R.  Hutchison,  1886- 

CoUege  Springs  [Amity],  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs,; 
June,  1857. 

S.  Anderson,  1867-9;  M.  Morrison,  1871-6;  W.  Johnson,  1877- 

Colona,  Henry  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  Dec.  22,  1866. 
S.  H.  Weed,  1868-76;  J.  M.  Moore,  1879-81;  J.  A.  Gehrett,  1883-4. 

Columbus,  O. ;  Xenia;  Jan.  8,  1887. 

Columbus  City,  Louisa  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  1844. 

W.  H.  Andrew,  1848-51;  A.  Story,  1853-75;  J.  Brown,  1876-83;  M.  Tid- 
ball,  1884- 

Commerce,  Oakland  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1845. 

D.  S.  McHenry,  1852-57;  D.  H.  Goodwillie,  1861-82;  R.  M.  Sherrard, 
1885- 

Concord,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1815. 

J.  Brown,  1815-19;  A.  McCahan,  1828-30;  R.  Gracey,  1837-43;  D.  B. 
Jones,  S.  S.,  1856-60;  J.  McKee,  S.  S.,  1861-4;  J-  A.  McGill,  1865-85; 
J.  B.  Work,  1886- 

Concordia,  Cloud  Co.,  Kan.,  Concordia;  Nov.  25,  1876. 

p.  D.  Patterson,  1879-82 ;  H.  T.  Jackson,  1883- 

Conemaugh,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1798. 

D.  Blair,  1818-39;  T.  Gilkerson,  1840-54;  W.  Conner,  1859-63;  D.  W. 
Collins,  1865-74;  W.  McKu-ahan,  1876-S2. 

Connellsville,  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Oct.  30,  1876. 

D.  F.  Mustard,  1885-6. 

Connotton,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  Aug.  20,  1849. 

J.  Golden,  1851-7;  J.  W.  Martin,  1862-5;  J.  R-  Slentz,  1867-9;  A.J.  Allen, 
1872-82;  N.  E.  Wade,  1886- 

Coraopolis,  Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Sept.  21,  1886. 

J.  A.  lyawreuce,  1S86- 


156  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Corning,  Adams  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Oct.   19,  187 1. 

S.  T.  Herron,  S.  S.,  1871-5;  A.  McCartney,  S.  S.,  1875-8;  S.  T.  Herron, 
S.  S.,  1884- 

Corydon,  Wayne  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1856. 

L.  Proudfit,  1868-81. 
Cottonwood  Falls,  Chase  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  May  25,  1872. 

J.  Taylor,  S.  S.,  1876-84. 
Coultersville,  Randolph  Co.,   111.;  Southern  Illinois  [Grand 
Cote,  Ref.  Pres.,  became  United  Presbyterian  1870]. 

W.  S.  Brattan,  1859-73;  J.  H.  Peacock,  1873-5;  J.  H.  Gibson,  1877-86. 

Cove,  Fulton  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1783. 

M.  Lind,  1783-98;  J.  Young,  1799-1803:5.  Lind,  1808-17;  T.  B.  Clarkson, 
1823-7;  F.  \V.  McNaughton,  1828-57;  J.  Bruce,  1858-63;  R.  G.  Fergu- 
son, 1866-74;  J-  E.  Black,  1878-83;  J.  L.  Grove,  1885- 

Covington,  Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y, ;  Caledonia;  Sept.,  1827. 

D.  Strang,  1836-55;  D.  S.  McHenry,  1858-64;  A.  B.  Gilfillan,  1869- 

Crawfordsville,  Wa.shington  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Oct.,  1838. 

W.  Smith,  1841-9;  J.  D.  McNay,  1851-2;  N.  McDowell,  1854-65;  \V.  M. 
Richie,  1866-71 ;  T.  Brown,  1872-9;  J.  H.  Elliott,  1881- 

Creston,  Union  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  April  i8,  1881. 

L.  N.  Lafferty,  S.  S.,  1884-6,  pastor,  1886- 

Crete,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa;  Conemaugh;  May,  1854. 

B.  Porter,  1856-9  ;  M.  H.  Wilson,  1859-62  ;  M.  S.  Telford,  1864-72  ;  H.  Q. 
Graham,  1874- 

Cross  Creek,  Brooks  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  Frankfort;  before  1800. 

T.  Allison,  1802-38;  D.  Thompson,  1838-47;  J.  C.  Campbell,  S.  S., 
1869-72;  W.  H.  Hunter,  1875-6;  S.  Collins,  S.  S.,  1877-80. 

Crosswell  [Davisville],  Sanilac  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1863. 

D.  M.  Gelvin,  1867-72 ;  J.  McGill,  1873-7. 

Cuba,  Crawford  Co.,  Mo.;  Southern  Illinois;  Sept.  12,  1868. 

J.  Howie,  S.  S.,  1868-H;  N.  A.  Whitehill,  1881- 

Cutler  [Concord],   Perry  Co.,    111.;  Southern    Illinois;    Ref. 

Pres.,  Oct.,  1841;  U.  P.  1870. 
M.  Harshaw,  1842-74;  T.  C.  McKelvey,  1880-3;  G.  G.  Wilson,  1887- 

Cuylerville,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  March,  1847. 

J.  B.  Scouller,  1847-52;  W.  C.  Somers,  1853-6;  F.  M.  Proctor,  1858-66; 
J.  Rippey,  1866- 

Dalton  [Newman's  Creek],  Wayne  Co.,  O.;  Mansfield;  1820. 

S.  Irvine,  1821-;  J.  McKee,  1837-41;  J.  R.  Doig,  1842-8;  D.  W.  Collins, 
1850-2 ;  J.  Y.  Ashenhust,  1854-6 ;  A.  McCartney,  185&-61 ;  W.  M.  Gib- 
son, 1861-3 ;  J.  G.  Madge,  1870- 

Dalton,  Whitfield  Co.,  Ga. ;  Tennessee;  Ap.  2,  1887. 
Darlington  [Brush  Run],   Beaver  Co.,   Pa.;  Beaver  Valley; 
1800. 

J.  Duncan,  1800-4;  D.  Imbrie,  1806-42;  B.  F.  Sawyer,  1844-60;  H.  Stur- 
geon, 1862- 

Davenport,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Oct.  30,  1868. 

R.  Stewart,  1868-72;  J.;H.  Wright,  1875-9;  J-  R-  Frazier,  1880- 

Davenport,  Scott  Co.,  Iowa;  Rock  Island;  1855. 

J.  R.  McCalister,  S.  S.,  1855-7;  H.  Wallace,  1863-71 ;  J.  U.  McClenahan, 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAI^  RECORD.  157 

1873-4;    J.   Boyd,  S.  S.,    1880-3;    S.   B.  Reed,  S.  vS.,   1883-4;    W.  A. 
Spaulding,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Davidson,  Potter  Co.,  Dak.;  Omaha;  1886. 

Dayton  [Glade  Run],  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa. ;  Brookville;   1831. 

J.  Hindman,  1831-52  ;  D.  K.  Duff,  1856-86. 

Dayton,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  i860. 

J.  B.  Foster,  S.  S.,  1861-3 ;   W.  S.  McClanahan,  S.  S.,  1865-6;    R.  Stew- 
art, S.  S.,  1866-8;  J.  W.  McNary,  1874-8;  D.  H.  French,  1880- 

Decatur,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  Aug.  4,  1848. 

A.  W.  McClanahan,  1848-62;  J.  M.  Waddle,  1863-8;  T.  Mercer,  1873-81. 

Deer  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  1802. 

J.  McConnell,  181 1-45;  A.  G.  Shafer,  1847-68;  S.  M.  Hood,  1870- 

Deer  Creek,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer  [part  of  Mahoning]; 

1795- 
J.  Duncan,  1800-15 ;  R.  Douglass,  1820-3  I  D.  Goodwillie,  1826-33  '1  J-  P- 

Ramsay,  1835-57 ;  J.  Alexander,  1857-77 ;  H.  S.  Boyd,  1878- 
[New  Bedford,   Free  Pres.;  about  1850;   J.  C.   Bigham,   S.  S.,  1854-67; 
U.  P.,  1866;  about  1870  dissolved,  part  going  into  Deer  Creek.] 

DeKalb,  Crawford  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1844. 

R.   G.  Thompson,   1845-60;    S.   M.   Coon,   S.  S.,  1867-8;    W.  Wishart, 
1869-77 ;  S.  J.  S.  Moore,  1881-4 ;  T.  M.  Knox,  1886- 

Delancey   [Lansingville],   Delaware   Co.,   N,    Y. ;  Delaware; 
1849. 
W.  J.  Cleland,   1849-57 ;    R.  D.  Williamson,  1859-61 ;    D.  S.  McHenry, 
1867-75 ;  T.  Park,  1878- 

Delaware,  Delaware  Co.,  N,  Y. ;  Feb.  5,  1879. 
L.  E.  Hawk,  S.  S.,  1881- 

Denver,  Colo;  Colorado;  June  3,  1883. 

C.  B.  Hatch,  S.  S.,  1883-5  ;  J-  D-  Rankin,  1885- 

Des  Moines,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Oct.  13,  1858. 

J.  H.  Young,  1859-63;  T.  McCague,  S.  S.,  1864-6;  R.  Turnbull,  1867-72  ; 
J.  P.  Cowan,  1874-8 ;  T.  J.  Kennedy,  1878-83 ;  T.  A.  Shaw,  1884- 

Detroit,  Mich.;  Detroit;  May  8,  1853. 

S.  Patton,  1854-7 ;  J-  P-  Scott,  1859-78 ;  R.  Turnbull,  1878- 

Dewitt,  Clinton  Co.,  Iowa;  LeClaire;  Sept.,  1855. 

R.  S.  Campbell,  1856-68 ;  D.  Nicoll,  1869-84 ;  J.  P.  Gibson,  1885- 

Dexter,  Dallas  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Nov.  2,  1879. 

O.  S.  Morrow,  1881-4. 

Dickson,  Dickson  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  Oct.  9,  1869. 

S.  F.  Thompson,  S.  S.,  1868- 

Donegal,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa;  Westmoreland;  1801. 

J.   Cree,   1803-6;    J.   Scroggs,   1815-72;    G.   C.   Vincent,   1885-     [Name 
changed  to  Fairmount,  1886.] 

Dunbar,  Otoe  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  April  6,  1880. 

H.  B.  Turner,  1881-4;  C.  Riddle,  1886- 

Dundas,  Pulaski  Co.,  Mo.;  Southern  Illinois;  March  9,  1883. 

East  Brady,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa;  Butler;  1871. 

D.  Dodds,  1872-3;  J.  S.  McKee,  1875-80;  W.  Robertson,  1881-3, 


158  ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

East  Brook,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  May  8,  1840. 

T.  Mehard,  1 841-5  ;  R.  A.  Browne,  1846-50;  W.  A.  Mehard,  1851- 

East  Greenwich,  Washington  Co.,   N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  May  30, 
1849. 

J.  McKirahan,  1850-4;  J.  B.  Dunn,  1857-61;  J.  M.  Orr,   1864-5;    W.  R. 
Gladstone,  1868-77  i  G-  T.  Galbraith,  1877-82 ;  W.  H.  Haney,  1884- 

East  Liverpool,  Columbiana  Co.  O. ;  Steubenville;  1851, 

S.  W.  Clark,  1851-8;    T.  Andrews,  1861-2 ;   J.  W.  Martin,  1865-8;   J.  C. 
Taggart,  1869- 

East  Palestine,  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  1835. 

S.  Patterson,  1849-55;    H.  Sturgeon,   1862-66;    A.  Y.  Houston,   1867-72; 
W.  W.  Curry,  1875-78;  S.  Collins,  1880-1 ;  T.  W.  Winter,  1882-87. 

East  Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  June  26,  1820. 
J.  White,  1825-7  ;  D.  Gordon,  1832-43  ;  D.  W.  French,  1847-55  ;  H.  Brown, 
1858-67  ;  J.  B.  Clapperton,  1869-76  ;  R.  J.  Cunningham,  1876-87  ; 

East  Union,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1842. 

S.  Wallace,  1843-9;  J-  Comin,  1851-60;  S.  Ramsey,  1862-3;  J.  R.  Boyd, 
1863-7  ;  D.  Paul,  1872-6 ;  F.  M.  Spencer,  S.  S.,  1881-2  ;  J.  H.  Nash,  1883- 

East  Union,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  Allegheny,  June  3,  1850. 
J.  Given,  1854-7 ;  E.  N.  McElree,  1863-6 ;  W.  Weir,   1866-9 ;  J.  A.  Bran- 
don, 1871-6;  J.  M.  Witherspoon,  1877-82;  W.  F.  Miller,  1884- 

East  Unity  [Scrub  Grass],  Venango  Co.,  Pa;  Butler;  1800. 

T.  McClintock,  1803-32 ;    W.  C.  Pollock,   1835-52 ;    W.  A.   Black,  1854- 
58 ;  D.  Forsyth,  1860-7 ;  J-  C.  McElree,  1869-85. 

Ebenezer,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  May  27,  1865. 

J.  Burrows,  1865-86. 

Ebenezer,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Oct.  20,  1880. 

J.  J.  Imbrie,  1883- 
Eden,  Gibson  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  1840. 

S.  C.  Baldridge,  1840-53 ;  R.  Gray,   1856-65 ;  J.  McCrea,  1868-73 ;  W.  G. 
Spencer,  1878-82;  A.  S.  Montgomery,  S.  S.,  1883- 

Eden,  Cherokee  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  1880. 

Edgerton,  Johnston  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnet;  March  7,  1869. 

J.  W.  Martin,  S.  S.,  1869-73;  J.  N.  Smith,   1876-81;    W.  H.  Anderson, 
1882-5. 

Elderton,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1845. 

B.  Porter,  1856-76 ;  J.  B.  Jackson,  1877- 

Elk  City,  Clarion  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  June  lo,  1878. 
Elkhorn  Valley,  Holt  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  June,  1881. 

T.  H.  Pollock,  1883-85. 

Ellison,  Henderson  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  (Bethel  Asso.,  Aug. 
2,  1836. 

W.  Bruce,  1837-47  ;1N.  McDowell,  1848-54 ;  E.  McCoy,  1856-58 ;) 
(Asso.  Ref.  1838 ;  J.  L.  Freetly,  1842-46 ;  W.  R.  Erskine,  1852-58)  com- 
bined in   1858 ;  J.  McArthur,   1859-72 ;   J.  H.  Montgomery,   1875-83 ; 
W.  J.  Buchanan,  1884- 

Elmira,  Stark  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth ;  June  15,  1850. 

N.  C.  Weede,  1850-7;  J.  M.  Graham,  1857-65;  J.  H.  Montgomery,  1866- 
73;  J.  M.  Henderson,  1873-84;  J.  F.  Ross,  1886- 


WITH  THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  1 59 

Elvira  [Pleasant  Prairie],  Clinton  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  Dec. 
24,  1853. 

J.B.Clark,  1854-5;  R.S.Campbell,  1856-68;  D.  Nicoll,  1869-72;  R. 
Johnson,  1S74-6 ;  G.  W.  Hamilton,  1877-80;  W.  G.  M.  Hays,  1S81-6; 
S.  R.  McGlaughlin,  1886- 

Emporia,  Lyon  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  Sept.   10,  1869. 

J.  A.  Collins,  1870-3;  J.  Barnett,  S.  S.,  1876-81 ;  C.  Riddle,  S.  S.,  1881-3 ; 
W.  I.  Brooks,  S.  S.,  1883-5  ;  J.  A.  Reed,  1886- 

Englewood,  Cooke  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  April,  1887. 

Erie,  Pa.;  Lake;  1811. 

R.  Reid,  1812-44;  J.  Pressly,  1845-74;  J.  C.  Wilson,  1876- 

Etna,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  Feb.  13,  1868. 

A.  H.  Calvert,  1868- 

Eugene    [Pleasant    Ridge],    Ringgold    Co.,    Iowa;    College 
Springs:  Aug.  28,  1871. 

W.  Brown,  1S71-7;  P.  H.  Drennen,  1879-81;  J.  C.  White,  1882-4. 

Evansburg  [Conneaut  Lake],  Crawford  Co.,  Pa. ;  Lake;  1826. 

M.  Snodgrass,  1S27-56;  W.  Bruce,  S.  S.,  1856-60;  J.  B.  Waddle,  1863-71  ; 
S.  M.  Black,  1873-4;  J.  McNab,  1875-85. 

Evansburg,  Butler,  Co.,   Pa.;  Allegheny;  1838. 

W.  P.  Breaden,  1843-7;  W.  A.  Mehard,  1850-1;  T.  Drennen,  1853-7; 
W.  H.  Jamieson,  1858-63 ;  J.  F.  Martin,  1866-71 ;  J.  S.  Brandon, 
1873-8;  J.  M.  Dight,  1880- 

Ewart,  Poweshiek  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  May  4,  1776. 

J.  Gilmore,  1876- 

Ewing,  Holt  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Feb.  26,  1886. 
Fairfax,  Linn  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  1858. 

J.  T.  Torrence,  1865-9;  J-  M.  Gordon,  1869-71;  J.  D.  Whitham,  1874- 
83;  M.  M.  Pollock,  1886- 

Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1801. 

J.  Cree,  1803-6;  J.  Scroggs,  1815-72;  W.  H.  Vincent,  1874-87. 

Fair  Grove,  Tuscola  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  Oct.  8,  1873. 
W.  Robertson,  S.  S.,  1877-8;  J.  B.  Wilson,  1879-87; 

Fair  Haven,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1834.     [Part  of  Hope- 
well.] 

J.  Morrow,  1835-42 ;  J.  Reynolds,  1845-46 ;  J.  Y.  ScouUer,  1847- 

Fairmount;  [see  Donegal.] 

Fairview,  Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  Muskingum, 

S.  Findley,  1824-34;  A.Miller,  1838-40;  H.Forsyth,  1842-61;  G.  W. 
Gowdy,  1863-7;  S.  M.  Hutchison,  1867-74;  I-  N.  White,  1875- 

Fairview  [Bear  Creek],  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  passed  from 
Pres.  to  Asso.  Ref.,  1834. 

J.Johnston,  1835;  J.  Green,  1835-44;  R.  Oliver,  1844-45;  J-  K.  Riddell, 
1847-48 ;  J.  H.  Fife,  1849-55  ;  J.  A.  Campbell,  1857-9 1  W.  P.  Breaden, 
1860-71 ;  D.  Dodds,  1872-7 ;  A.  B.  C.  McFarland,  1878- 

Fairv'iew  [Rock  Bluff],  Cass  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  i860. 

T.  McCartney,  1861-8;  R.  B.  Stewart,  1871-3;  J.  A.  Shankland,  S.  S., 
1876-9;  G.  R.  Murray,  1880- 

Fairview,  Poweshiek  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1883. 

S.  I.  Lindsay,  1883-6 ;  J.  Pettigrew,  1887- 


l6o  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Fairview,  Mitchell  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  May  17,  187^. 

J.  M.  McKelvey,  1873-81. 

Fairview,  Dundy  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  July  13,  1887. 
Fall  Creek,  Highland  Co.;  O. ;  Xenia;  1818. 

J.  Brown,  1826-6;  J.  Graham,  1834-9;  J.  Arbuthnot,  1841-51 ;  A.  Ritchie 
1853-9;  '^-  H.  Dysart,  1 861-2 ;  J.  P.  Tedford,  1881-5. 

Fall  River,  Mass.;  Boston;  June,  1846. 

D.   A.  Wallace,   1851-4;    W.   McLaren,    1854-66;  J.   R.   Kyle,    1867-75; 
J.  H.  Turnbull,  1876-85  ;  W.  J.  Martin,  1886- 

Fleming,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  Nov.  6,  1869. 

D.  R.  Imbrie,  1872-2 ;    D.  M.  Thorn,  1873-6 ;  J.  H.  Veazey,  1877-83 ;  D. 
R.  Imbrie,  1884-6;  A.  Flick,  1887- 

Florida,  Montgomery  Co.,   N.  Y. ;  Albany;  1786. 

J.  Banks,  1803-16;  J.  Donaldson,  1817-20;  P.  Campbell,  1823-43;  G.  M. 
Hall,  1849-62;  R.  D.  Williamson,  1862-70;  R.  Rogers,  1871- 

Fort  Gratiot,  St.  Clair  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  June  30,  1882. 

D.  H.  Goodwillie,  1883- 

Four  Mile,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  July,  1812. 

E.  N.  Scroggs,  1820-49;  J.  A.  McGill,  1851-3;  D.  H.  A.  McLean,  1861-6 ; 
J.  C.  Evans,  1867-71 ;  J.  Thompson,  1875-8;  J.  A.  Edie,  1880-6. 

Four  Mile,  Perry  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  Feb.  i6,   i88s. 

G.  G.  Wilson,  1887- 

Four  Mile,  Clay  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  Oct.  5,  1885. 

G.  E.  Carnahan,  1886- 

Frankfort  Springs  [Harmon's  Creek;  King's  Creek],  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  Aug.,  1790. 
J.  Anderson,  1792-1830;  W.  M.  McElwee,  1833-78;  D.  C.  Stewart,  1881- 
Franklin,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1862. 

A.  H.  Caldwell,  1865-7;  J-  McCartney,  1868-72;  G.  T.  McClelland, 
1874-6 ;  N.  Winegart,  1878-84. 

Franklinville,  Cattaraugus  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  June,  1867. 

W.  Donaldson,  1870-4;  D.  G.  McKay,  1876- 

Frazer,  Huron  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1882. 

A.  McLeod,  1883-87. 

Fredericksburg  [Salt    Creek,]    Wayne    Co.,   O. ;   Mansfield; 
1818. 

S.  Irvine,  1821-61 ;  T.  J.  Kennedy,  1866-9;  R-  R-  Atchison,  1871-8; 
W.  S.  Harper,  1879-83 ;  J.  McNaugher,  1885-6 ; 

Freeport,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1820. 

[Asso.;  after  1858  known  as  the  ist  U.  P.],  H.  Kirkland,  1820-34;  W. 
Galbraith,  1836-66;  R.  B.  Robertson,  1867-72.  [Asso.  Ref.,  1849;  2d 
U.  P.,  J.  Jamison,  1855-60;  E..N.  McElree,  1863-74;]  consolidated, 
1877 ;  A.  E.  Linn,  1877-81 ;  H.  C.  Marshall,  1883-5. 

Fremont,  Sanilac  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1862. 

N.  A.  Whitehill,  1877-8 ;  A.  B.  McCarrell,  1879-S2 ;  J.  R.  Baird,   1884- 

Fresno,  Fresno  Co.,  Cal. ;  San  Francisco;  May  28,  1886. 
W.  W.  Gordon,  1886- 

Galt,  Ontario,  Canada;  Stamford;  July  8,  1824. 

J.  Strang,  1833-57;  R.  Acheson,  1858-73;  W.  H.  Andrew,  1S76-9;  D.  A. 
Duff,  1880- 


WITH   TIIKIR    IIISTORICAI.   RKCORD.  l6l 

Garner,  Hancock  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  Sept.  21,  1872. 
W.  F.  McLaughlan,  1880-2 ;  J.  E.  Stewart,  1S83-5  ;  S-  I.   Lindsay,  1886- 

Garnett,  Anderson  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  Oct.  17,  1859. 

J.  N.  Smith,  1860-74;  C.  H.  Strong,  1876- 

Garretsville,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y, ;  Delaware;  May  20,  1879. 

T.  C.  Scott,  1S75-87. 
Georgetown,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1825. 

J.  Burrows,  1858-60;   J.  A.  Bailey,  1S63-9;    G.  C.  Brown,  1871-3;  W.  R. 
Bruce,  1875- 
Gerlaw  [Spring  Grove],  Warren  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  June 
22,  .1855. 

J.  C.  McKnight,  1856-60;  W.  M.  Graham,  1860-3;  T.  P.  Patterson, 
1864-8;  D.' Inches,  1869-74;  R.Johnson,  1876-80;  W.J.  McCroi-y, 
1883-4;  A.  W.  Jamieson,  1S85- 

Gettysburg,    [Rock  Creek],    Adams    Co.,   Pa.;    Big   Spring; 
April  8,  1753. 

A.  Dobbin,  1774-1809;  C.  G.  McLean,  1814-42;  R.  Gracey,  1844-9;  D. 
T.  Carnahan,  S.  S.,  1852-4;  J.  R.  Warner,  S.  S.,  1854-7;  W.  McElwee, 
1858-63  ;  J.  S.  Woodburn,  1864-5  ;  J-  Jamison,  1868-84. 

Gilead,  Wood  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Aug  6,  1854. 

J.  Duff,  1854-68;  Wm.  Wright,  1868-73;  J.  C.  Bigham,  S.  S.,  1874-7; 
W.  Wright,  1879-81 ;  D.  W.  Irons,  1883-4. 

Glade  Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  1812. 

J.  France,  1820-41;  W.  Douthett,  1849-54;  J.  G.  Barnes,  1862-70;  I.  T. 
Wright,  1872-81  ;  R.  E.  Lackey,  1884- 

Glade  Run,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1818. 

J.  Donaldson,  1823-34;  J.  Patterson,  1837-50;  J.  B.  Barclay,  1852-7; 
J.  Boyd,  1859-65 ;  I.  N.  White,  1866-75 ;  J-  S.  McMunn,  1883- 

Glen  Dale,  Scott  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  Aug.  4,  1861. 

J.  L.  Whitla,  S.  S.,  1868-71  ;  J.  Rodgers,  1871-5;   S.  T.  Herron,  1878-83. 

Goldfield,  Wright  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  March  i,  1884. 

J.  Duncan,  1885- 

Goorneh;  Egypt;  1882. 

Goshen,  Perry  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  Sept.  21,  1832. 

D.  Lindsay,  1834-41  ;  J.  B.  Forsyth,  1847-51 ;  W.  S.  Harper,  S.  S., 
1875-7;  E.  H.  Huston,  S.  S.,  1878-84. 

Graham's  Church,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  New  York;  1802. 

J.  Mcjimsey,  1802-9;  A.  J.  Stansbury,  1810-16;  J.  Mcjimsey,  1819-54; 
A.  McWilliam,  1855-9;  J-  Erskine,  1861-85;  J.  E.  vStewart,  1887- 

Grand  Mound,  Clinton  Co.,  Iowa;  LeClaire;  Aug.  28,  1879. 

J.  P.  Gibson,  1885- 
Grand  Prairie,  Washington  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Oct.,  1859. 

J.  R.  Doig,  1865-6 ;  H.  T.  Ferguson,  1875-82  ;  N.  R.  Walker,  1883-6. 

Grant's  Hill,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1866. 

H.  Y.  Leiper,  1870- 

Greeley,  Anderson  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  June  8,  1878. 

S.  W.  Gilkey,  1881-5 ;  O.  G.  Brockett,   1887- 

Greeley    [successor   to   Evans];   Weld    Co.,    Col.;    Colorado; 

Feb.  25,  1884. 
[Sept.  5,  1874;    S.  B.  Reid,  S.  S.,  1874-6;    T.  B.  McKee,  1876-7;    D.  M. 

II 


1 62  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Gordon,  1878-S0;  S.  B.  Reed,    1881-82;  Dissolved,    1884.]    H.  F.  Wal- 
lace, 1885- 

Greenfield  [Hop  Run],  Highland  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1809. 

J.  Crothers,  1811-18;  J.  Brown,  1826-6;  J.  Graham,  1834-9;  J.  Arbuth- 
not,  1841-51  ;  A.  Ritchie,  1853-65;  R.  K.  Campbell,  1865-70;  J.  P. 
Tedford,  1881-5. 

Greenfield,  Adair  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Feb.  16,  1878. 

J.  F.  Martin,  1879-83. 

Greensboro,  Orleans  Co.,  Vt. ;  Vermont;  1845. 

G.  Campbell,  1850-61;  H.Brown,  1864-7;  H.  Brown,  S.  vS.,  1867-70; 
A.  S.  Stewart,  1878-81 ;  A.  McBride,  1882- 

Greensburg,  Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;   Westmoreland;    Sept. 
19,  1857. 
J.  G.  Fulton,  S.  S.,  1869;   J.  B.  Jackson,  1873-5;  J.  Stevenson,  1S78-84; 
J.  A.  Brandon,  1885-7. 

Greenville,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1801. 

D.  McLean,  1802-40;  D.  H.  A.  McLean,  1841-52;  W.  C.  Jackson,  1854- 
61 ;  J.  H.  Tedford,  1862-5  ;  J-  R-  Brittain,  1866- 

Greenville,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;   1861. 

J.  T.  Wilson,  1861-6;  G.  P.  Raitt,  1866-9;  D.  H.  Blair,  1876-7;  T.  P. 
Patterson,  1879-84. 

Greenwich,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  May  26,  1880. 
S.  Bigger,  1880-5;  J-  T.  Wilson,  S.  S.,  1886- 

Greenwood,  Jackson  Co.;  Mo.;  Western  Missouri;  March  17, 
1868. 

R.  Ross,  S.  S.,  1868;  J.  P.  Dysart,  S.  S.,  1869;  J.  M.  McKitrick,  1870-3; 
M.  M.  Brown,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  W.  Wright,  1876-83;  J.  A.  Morrow,  1886- 

Gnjranwala,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  Mar.  30,  1884. 
Gurdaspur,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  1881. 
Grove  City  [Pine  Grove],  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Sept.  ii, 
1879. 
W.  B.  Barr,  1879-85  ;  J.  C.  McElree,  1885-6 ;  J.  A.  Reed,  1887- 

Guinston  [Muddy  Creek],  York  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1754. 
J.  Clarkson,  1773-1808;  A.  Gordon,  1818-25;  J.  Adams,  1S33-55  ;  F.  Mc- 
Burney,  1856-68;  S.Jamison,  1871- 

Halsey  [Harmony],  Linn  Co.,  Ore.;  Oregon;  1854. 

T.  S.  Kendall,  1854-70;  R.J.  Thompson,  1876-7;  T.J.  Wilson,  1877- 

Hamilton,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1817. 

D.  MacDill,  1818-47;  W.  Davidson,  1848-74;  A.  W.  Clokey,  1874-6; 
J.  W.  Bain,  1877-82 ;  E.  C.  Simpson,  1882- 

Hanover,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  about  1825. 

J.  Prestley,  1837-40;  J.J.  Buchanan,  1842-4;  T.  Calahan,  1849-54;  W. 
L.  McConnell,  1857-8;  J.  Hagerty,  1858-61;  W.M.Richie,  1862-5; 
J.  L.  Purdy,  1867-81  ;  M.  S.  Telford,  1882- 

Hanover  [Apple  River],  Jo  Daviess  Co..  111.;  Chicago;  Sept., 
1841. 
T.  Ferrier,  1841-53 ;   [Galena  branch,  1845 ;  W.  W.  Harsha,  1846-54 ;  R. 
Acheson,  1857-8;]  W.  P.  Currie,  1858-66;   J.  D.  Smith,  1870-8;   J.  A. 
Monteith,  1879-84;  J.  C.  White,  1885- 

Harbor,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Aug.  20,  1852. 
W.  G.  Reed,  1854-7;  T.  W.  Winter,  1861-5 ;  D.  R.  Imbrie,  S.  S.,  1868-9; 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  163 

J.  Armstrong,  S.  S.,  1870-3;    A.  Y.  Houston,  S.  S.,  1876-9;  J-  J-   Im- 
brie,  S.  S.,  1879-82;  A.  P.  Hutchison,  1885- 
Harlansburg,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1854. 

N    E   Brown,  1866-86;  M.  B.  Patterson,  1S87- 

Harmarville  [Indiana],  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  Allegheny ;  Oct. 
i^,  1838. 

T    Gilmore    1842-56;  W.  G.  Reed,  i860- 

Harmony  [Boiling  Spring],  Bntler  Co.,  P^- j,  ^^J^^^  1800. 

T.  McClintock,  1803-32  ;  W.  C.  Pollock,  1835-52  ;  S.  Kerr,  185^ 

TTflrrnonv    Peoria  Co.    111.;  Central  Illinois;  1836. 

^Tp   P-kerto^  1845  7;  R- R-  Coon,  1848-54;  J- W.  Pinkerton.  1858-62; 
J.  M.  Gordon,  1862-9;  J.  HariDer,   1873- 

Harrisville,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  Jan.,  1866. 

J.   p.   Dysart,    1869-70;    D.  R.   Imbrie,    1873-7;   J-   M.   Parrar,    1878-84, 
O.  G.  McDowell,  1S85-6. 
Hartstown  [Crooked  Creek],  Crawford  Co     Pa;  Lake;  1830. 

S.  F.  Smith,  1831-46;  W.  Dalzell,  1850-50;  H.  H.  Hervey,  1853- 
Hayesville,  Ashland  Co.,  O.;  Mansfield;  1832.  .    „,    ^. 

k  Hmdman,  1832-41 ;  J-  h.  McLean,  1843-55  ;  J-  Y.  Ashenhust,  i856-,2  , 
G.  M.  Reed,  1876-80 ;  \V.  Wishart,  1881-5  ;  W.  S.  Rae,  1887- 
Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  1792.        ^  ^^  ,  , 

G   Mairs    1793-4T  J-  Gray,  1798-1803;  A.  Denham,  1806-23;  J-  McAuky, 

if27-35;    J    Middlemiss,' 1836-8;    A.   Shand,    1839-50;    J- /""baU, 

i8sU     G   H.  Robertson,  1858-60;  I.  N.  White,  1861-3 ;  J-  R-  Fishes, 

1866-74  ;  T.  Wylie,  1875-6  ;  J.  Hood,  1878-81  ;  W.  S.  McEachrou,  1881- 

Hebron,  Porter  Co.,  Ind. ;  Northern  Indiana;  1830. 

W.  Blain,  1842-7  ;  J.  N.  Buchanan,  1851- 

Hebron,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Aug.  30,  1850. 

H.  C.  McFarland,  1858-64;  D.  Barclay,  1867- 

Henderson,  Warren  Co.,  111. ;  Monmouth;  1830. 

J   C   Bruce,  1833-48;   J-  Scott,  1849-66;   T.  G.  Morrow,   1869-72;   D.  A. 
Wallace,  1874-5 ;  D.  MacDill,  1877-84;  R- J-  Davidson,  1&85- 

Hiawatha,  Brown  Co.,  Kan.;  Kansas;  Oct.  28,  1876. 

J.  p.  Black,  18S1-2;  L.  M.  Williamson,  1885-7. 

Hio-h  Point,  Ness  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  1886. 

High  Ridge,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  [Ref.  Dis.  Pres.], 

^J.^Anderson,   1824-51;    J.Alexander,    1853-5;    W.Grimes,  1858-71;    T. 
Love,  1872-85. 
Hoboken,  New  Jersey;  New  York;  Nov.  29,  i^M- 

W.  G.  McElhenny,  1855-60;   S.  C.  Marshall,  1861-3;    H.  AH^n    1B66-7, 
R   Armstrong,  1868-71 ;  J-  Price,  1874-7  ;  W.  H.  McKee,  1878^ ;  J.  C. 

Scott,    1880-5.  .       ,  T7     11 

Hodgeman  Centre;  Hodgeman  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley; 

1886.  n 

Holland  Creek,  Dickinson  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  May  5,  1877. 

S.  Alexander,  S.  S.,  1881-2. 

Holyoke,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Dec.  25,  1874. 

W.  p.  Shaw,  1877- 

Honier  City,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  June  17,  1873. 

H.  Q.  Graham,  1874- 


164  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Homestead,  Rock  Island  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  1852. 

A.  A.  Rodgers,  1856-8;  W.Cooke,  1859-70;  R.  S.  Campbell,  1872-8; 
S.  A.  Moore,  1879-81. 

Hookstown,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  1846. 

T.  Calahan,  1848-54;  M.  Ormond,  1859-67;  A.  I.  Young,  1869-72;  J.  P. 
Davis,  1872-4;  S.  C.  Reid,  1879-82;  W.  McKirahan,  1884- 

Hoopeston,  Vermillion  Co.,  111. ;  Central  Illinois;  May  5,  1872. 

R.  C.  Wyatt,  S.  S.,  1873-6;  T.  A.  Houston,  1879-87; 

Hopewell,  York  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1801. 

C.  Campbell,  1801-4;  J.  Wilson,  1808-12;  D.  B.Jones,  1843-7;  W.  Car- 
lile,  1848-56;  J.Boyd,  1857-8;  F.  McBurney,  1859-68;  S.Jamison, 
1871-5  ;  J.  Jamison,  1875- 

Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  Sept.,  1808. 

A.Porter,  1814-33;  A.  Bower,  1834-7;  S.  W.  McCracken,  1840-59;  J. 
McHatton,  1861-75;  J.  C.  Campbell,  1878-84;  E.  H.  Huston,  1884- 

Hopewell,  Perry  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1832. 

S.  C.  Baldridge,  i832-i5;  J.  Thompson,  1840-6;  J.  Morrow,  1849-53;  W. 
Wright,  1859-63;  T.  D.  Davis,  1864-8;  J.  E.  Richie,  1868-74;  W.  L. 
Garges,  1880-1  ;  G.  G.  Wilson,  1887- 

Hopewell,  Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  1871. 

J.  W.  Wait,  1873-8 ;  D.  Strang,  1878- 

Hopewell,  Mitchell  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  May  7,  1876. 

J.  McKelvey,  S.  S.,  1876-7;  J.  P.  Finney,  1879- 

Hopkinsville,  Warren  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1815. 

J.  Graham,  183(^4;  P.  Montfort,  1836-46;  H.  Allen,  1847-55;  R-  K. 
Campbell,  1856-65;  H.  Y.  Leiper,  1867-9;  J-  H.  Elliott,  1870-80;  S.  A. 
Buck,  1880-3;  R-  S.  McClenahan,  1887- 

Howard,  vSteuben  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  1826. 

J.  Campbell,  J.  Skellie,  and  others  as  S.  S.;  P.  C.  Robertson,  1858-83; 
J.  C.  Hammond,  18S4-7. 

Howard,  Elk  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  Jan.  18,  1873. 

W.  H.  Reid,  1884-6. 

Huntsville  [Cherokee],  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1831. 

J.Wallace,  1832-61;  W.  C.  Dunn,  1S65-70;  J.  H.  Buchanan,  1870-9; 
A.  H.  Orr,  1882- 

Iberia,  Morrow  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  March  30,  1829. 

S.  Hindman,  1830-48;  J.  L.  Bull,  184S-53;  W.  H.  French,  1857-70; 
M.  L.  Ross,  1872-4;  J.  P.  Robb,  1875- 

Idana  (Hebron,   Chapmanville)  ,  Clay  Co.,   Kan.;  Concordia; 
Oct.  16,  1875. 

J.  McKelvey,  1882-3 ;  J-  M.  McKitrick,  1884- 

Idaville  [Burnett's  Creek],  White  Co.,  Ind. ;  Northern  Indi- 
ana; 1843. 
J.  Thompson,   1847-52;    T.   Calahan,   1858-63;   J.  R.  Reasoner,   1865-7; 
G.  Small,  1869-77;  M.  Tidball,  1881-4;  A.  K.  Strane,  1885- 

Indiana,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1817. 

D.  Blair,  1818-62;  W.  Fulton,  1864-70;  W.  S.  Owens,  1871-7;  J.  D. 
Brownlee,  1877- 

Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Indiana;  1849. 

J.  C.  Steele,  1849-53  ;  S.  Wallace,  1854-8 ;  G.  Small,  S.  S.,  1860-7  ;  A.  W. 
Clokey,  S.  S.,  1867-8  ;  [Services  suspended  and  property  sold  ;  revived 
with  new  property  1872;]  J.  L-  Clark,  S.  S.,  1872-4;  J.  P.  Robb,  S.  S., 
1874-5;  H.  G.  McVey,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  J.  P.  Cowan,  1880- 


WITH  THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  165 

Indian  Creek,  Montgomery  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  June 
I,  1882. 

W.  R.  Cox,  1882-6 ;  R.  Hood,  1886- 

Indianola,  Warren  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1863. 

A.  McCartney,  1866-71  ;  J.  Calhoun,  1873- 

Ireton,  Sionx  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs,  Nov.,  1883. 

W.  E.  Dunlap,  1886- 

Irwin,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Oct.  17,  1874. 
[Part  of  Bethel,   Westmoreland  Co. ;    from    1861   services 
were  held  regularly  until  separate  organization.] 
E.  N.  McElree,  1875-9;  C.  B.  Hatch,  1880-3;  J.  M.  Achison,  1884- 

Irwin  [Kirkman],  Shelby  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  April, 
1881. 

H.  B.  Turner,  1885- 

Jacksonville,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1841. 

M.  H.  Wilson,  1848-62  ;  M.  S.  Telford,  1864-72  ;  W.  McKirahan,  1876-82. 

Jamestown  [Caesar's  Creek],  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1844. 

C.  Cummins,  1846-61 ;  W.  A.  Robb,  1863- 

Jamestown,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  Oct.  30,  1853. 

H.  H.  Hervey,  1853-8;  T.J.  Kennedy,  1859-66;  H.  F.  Stewart,  1867-8; 
J.  R.  Wallace,  1871- 

Jamestown,  Cloud  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  April  17,  1883. 
H.  T.  Jackson,  1883-6. 

Jawilly;  Egypt;  Jail.  21,  1879. 

Jefferson,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  1828. 

J.  McCarroll,  1836-7;  J.  McAuley,  1838-41;  J.  Todd,  1843-58;  J.  C. 
Truesdale,  1859-64;  A.  B.  Stmthers,  1868-71  ;  G.  C.  Vincent,  1872-7; 
G.  A.  B.  Robinson,  1878- 

Jeflferson,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Oct.  30,  1857. 

J.  D.  Glenn,  1859-61;  J.  W.  McFarland,  1867-9;  C.  B.  Hatch,  1872-3; 
R.  B.  Stewart,  1875-9;  J-  C.  Hunter,  1881-5;  T.  W.  Young,  1887- 

Jeflferson,  Wayne  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Jan.  2,  1871. 

L.  Proudfit,  1872-81  ;  A.  R.  Muuford,  S.  S.,  1882-6. 

Jersey  City,  N.  J. ;  i.st  Church;  New  York;  Oct.  15,  1862. 

R.  A.  Hill,  1864-70;  T.  H.  Pollock,  1871-6;  G.  A.  B.  Robinson,  1877-8; 
A.  S.  Biddle,  1879-82;  W.  G.  Martin,  1887- 

Jersey  City,  N.  J.;  2d  Church;  New  York;  April  4,  1871. 

R.  Armstrong,  1872- 

Jersey  City,  N.  J. ;  Summit  Avenue;  New  York;  June  13,  1882. 

A.  S.  Biddle,  1882- 

Jetmore,  Hodgeman  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  1886. 

Jhelum,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  1885. 

Johnstown,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  March,  1828. 

J.  G.  vSniart,  1830-7;  A.Gordon,  1844-5 ;  A.  Thomas,  1858-63;  J.  A. 
Williamson,  1864- 

Johnstown,  Cambria  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  Aug.  i,  1871. 

J.  W.  Swaney,  S.  S.,  1873-6;  S.  M.  Black,  1878-81  ;  J.  H.  Gibson,  1881- 

Jonathan's  Creek,  Perry  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1805. 

A.  Craig,  1808-25;  «•  Waddle,  1829-36;  E.  B.  Calderhead,  1841-54;  J. 
White,  1862-79;  J.  H.  Leiper,  1882-4;  R-  B.  Patton,  18S6- 


l66  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Jordan's  Grove  [Unity],   Randolph  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illi- 
nois; 1828. 

[Asso.,  T.  S.  Kendall,  S.  S.,  1843-4;  B.  Porter,  1851-6;]  J.  P.  Wright, 
1861-1;  R.  N.  Fee,  1862-71;  T.  B.  McKee,  1875-6;  R.  C.  Hamilton, 
1877-79;  W.J.  Gillespie,  1879-83;  W.  P.  McNary,  1885-6. 

Kalida,  Woodson  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  Nov.  5,  1870. 

J.  Duff,  S.  S.,  1871-83 ;  E.  C.  Cooper,  S.  S.,  1873-4 ;  J.  Duff,  S.  S.,  1875-81. 

Kansas  City,  Mo.;  Western  Missouri;  March  12,  1869. 

W.  C.  Williamson,  S.  S.,  1869-70;  J.  K.  Martin,  1871-3 ;  D.  M.  Mc- 
Clellan,  1874- 

Kenton,   Hardin   Co.,   O. ;  Sidnev;  Asso.   Ref.,   1840;  Asso., 

1841;  U.  P.,  1859. 

[Asso.  Ref.]  J.  S.  McCracken,  1843-51  ;  J.  F".  Hutchison,  1853-7;  [Asso.] 
J.  Wallace,  S.  S.,  1841-7 ;  J.  L.  Bull,  1848-58;  [U.  P.]  B.  Waddle, 
1859-79;  J.  A.  Henderson,  1880-5;  J-  C.  Roe,  1887- 

Keokuk,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Asso.  Ref.,  1853;  Asso,,  1855. 

[Asso.  Ref]  W.  M.  Boyse,  1853-61;  [Asso.]  J.  Brown,  1856-75;  D.  E. 
Shaw,  1876-85  ;  W.  C.  Williamson,  1S85- 

Keota,  Keokuk  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  June  18,  1873. 

R.  H.  Barnes,  1875-82 ;  R.  Hood,  1882-5. 

Kerr  Ridge,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1852. 

A.  Murray,  1857-60;  J.  Jamison,  S.  S.,  1864-5  i  J-  L.  Clark,  1876-83. 

Kingsville,  Johnson  Co. ,   Mo. ;  Western  Missouri ;  Nov.   8, 
1867. 
R.  G.  Thompson,  S.  S.,   1867-9;   J-  ^-  Graham;    1870-3;   J.  K.   Martin, 
S.  S.,  1874-5;  W.  Stevenson,  1878-84;  J.  A.  Morrow,  1886- 

King's  Creek,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankport;  1854. 

J.  L.  Purdy,  1860-80;  J.  McKelvy,  1885- 

Kirkwood  [Young  America],   Warren  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth; 
1858. 

J.  B.  Foster,  1864-7;  W.J.  McSurely,  1867-8;  J.  M.  Waddle,  1869-76; 
L.  N.  Lafferty,  1877-83;  W.  T.  McConnell,  1884- 

Kittanning,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1845. 

J.  N.  Dick,  1849-76;  S.J.  Glass,  1878-84;  D.  McCaw,  18S6- 

Knapp,  Dunn  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  Feb.  16,  1883. 
Knoxville,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1837. 

W.  Lorimer,  1838-48;  J.  C.  Campbell,  1848-53;  J.  H.  Peacock,  1859-67; 
J.  B.  Borland,  1871-87. 

Knoxville,  Marion  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Oct.  22,  1853. 

J.  White,  1856-8;  J.  A.  Vance,  1860-63;  D.  F.  Bonner,  1865-70;  H.  F. 
Wallace,  1S72-5  ;  J.  H.  Nash,  1877-8;  J.  M.  McKitrick,  1880-3;  J-  C. 
Calhouu,  S.  S.,  1883-4. 

Knoxville,  Knox  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  March  18,  1877. 
S.  B.  Reed,  S.  S.,  1877-81 ;  J.  S.  McCuUoch,  S.  S.,  1881- 

Koos;  Egypt;  April  3,  1882. 

Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Dec,  1792. 

W.  McAuley,  1795-1851  ;  C.  Irving,  1847-70;  A.  M.  Smeallie,  1872- 

Lacona,  Warren  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Nov.  15,  1865. 

A.  McCartney,  1866-8;  D.  Harris,  1870-7;  A.  McCartney,  1879-83;  Al- 
bert Gordon,  1885- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  167 

Lancaster,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  Oct.  30,  1882. 
La  Prairie  (Fairfield)  Marshall  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  1844. 

N.  C.  Weede,  1849-61;  J.F.Graham,  1863-5;  M.  Morrison,  1866-70; 
H.  H.  Houston,  1875-84. 

Latrobe,  Westmoreland  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Westmoreland;  May  29,  1853. 
W.  Conner,  S.  S.,  1855-7;  J.  B.  Jackson,  1873-7;  J.  Stevenson,   1878-82; 
G.  C.  Vincent,  1885- 
Laurel  Hill,  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1791. 

D.  Proudfit,  1798-1824;  M.  McKinstry,  1836-45;  D.  H.  Pollock,  1849-53; 
J.  H.  Fife,  1856-61  ;  T.  F.  Boyd,  1865-7;  T.  P.  Patterson,  1870-7;  S.  B. 
McBride,  1878- 

Lawrence,  Kan.;  Kansas;  June  18,  1867. 

J.  C.  Herron,  1S67-75  ;  J.  A.  Nelson,  1877-84 ;  R.  A.  George,  1886- 

Lawrence,  Mass.;  Boston;  1854. 

S.  F.  Thompson,  1855-7 ;  J.  Diusmore,  1859-62 ;  J.  Hogg,  1868-75  ;  J.  A. 
Burns,  1876-8;  R.  A.  McAyeal,  1879- 

Leavenworth,  Kan.;  Kansas;  May  i,  1858. 

B   L   Baldridge,  1858-66;  W.  P.  McNary,  1866-9;  '^-  M.  Spencer,  1871-9; 
H.  C.  Marshall,  1880-2 ;  J.  A.  Monteith,  S.  S.,  1884-5 ;  W.  J-  Gillespie, 
1886- 
Lebanon,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1838. 

S.  Wallace,  1843-9;  J.  Duncan,  1850-74;  R.  C.  Criswell,  1878-85;  C.  E. 
White,  1886- 

Lebanon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  Nov.,  1849. 

G.  C.  Vincent,  1849-69;  R.  T.  McCrea,  1869-74;  C.  Cummins,  1876-85. 

Lebanon,  Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  1865. 

A.  B.  Coleman,  1868- 

Lebanon,  Laclede  Co.,  Mo.;  Southern  Illinois;  April  i,  1883. 

J.  F.  Martin,  1883-87. 

LeClaire  Prairie,  Scott  Co.,  Iowa;  Leclaire;  1849. 

S.  E.  McKee,  1857-9;  S.  S.  Ralston,  1860-82 ;  J.  C.  Warnock,  1883- 

Leechburg,   Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  March  14, 
1881. 

J.  Dodds,  1884- 

Leesburg,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  1859. 

W.  Findley,  S.  S.,  1865-7  ;  W.  H.  Jeffers,  S.  S.,  1868-9 ;  J-  Armstrong,  S. 
S.,  1870-2;  J.  L.  Robertson,  1875-6  ;  J.  C.  Bigham,  1877- 

Leipsic  [Poplar  Ridge],  Putnam  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Oct.,  1836. 
S.  McLean,   1842-9;  J.  M.  Snodgrass,  1851-8;  J.  Rodgers,   1863-8;  W. 
Wright,  S.  S.,  1870-3 ;  J.  C.  Bigham,  S.  S.,  1876-7 ;  R.  H.  Boyd,  1883-4. 
Lenox,  Taylor  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Sept.  19,  1874. 

J.  W.  Johnston,  1878-85. 

Lenox,  Chase  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  July  19,  1887. 

Levin,  Douglas  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  1871. 

J.  L.  Whitla,  1873-85. 
Lexington  [Troy],  Richland  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  Nov.,  1821. 

J.  Johnston,  1822-42;  S.  Findley,  1843-6;  D.  C.  Cochran,  S.  S.,  1849-50; 
R.  Gailey,  1850^75 ;  T.  P.  Dysart,  1875-9;  J.  K.  Martin,  1880-4. 

Liberty,  Trumbull  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  1805. 

J.  Duncan,  1805-15  ;  R.  Douglass,  1820-3  ;  D.  Goodwillie,  1826-75  ;  W.  R. 
Cox,  1877-80 ;  G.  A.  Roseburg,  1881- 


1 68  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

lyiberty,  Gage  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  June  20,  1883. 

S.  B.  Moore,  1884- 

Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  1804. 

T.  White,  i8i2-i3;J.  Douglass,  1823-30;  J.  Beveridge,  S.  S.,  1833-5;  A. 
Lewis,  S.  S.,  1835-7;  J.  McAuley,  1847-52;  J.  M.  Heron,  1856-6;  J. 
Harper,  1858-72 ;  B.  J.  Forrester,  1875-6 ;  J.  Service,  1877-84 ;  R.  A. 
Elliott,  1887- 

Lisbon,  Waukesha  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  1847. 

G.  W.  Gowdy,  1850-54;  S.  M.  Coon,  1855-62;  J.  A.  Vance,  1867-77;  T. 
E.  Turner,  1878- 

Little  Muskingum,  Washington  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  Sept. 

3,  1847. 

Supplies;  H.  Forsyth,  S.  S.,  1862-5;  H.  Parks,  S.  S.,  1866-78;  D.  M. 
Sleeth,  S.  S.,  1878-84. 

Little  York,  Warren  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  April  28,  1863. 

W.  H.  McMillan,  1864-70;  W.  T.  Campbell,  1871-4;  D.  Anderson,  1875-8  ; 
G.  W.  Hamilton,  1880-5  ;  J-  H.  Clark,  1887- 

Living  Lake,  Washington  Co.,  Iowa. ;  Keokuk;  April  15,  1868. 
J.  Patterson,  1868-72;  H.  T.  Ferguson,  1875-82;  N.  R.  Walker,  1883-6. 

Locust  Grove,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  Sept.  29,  1884. 

Logan's  Ferry,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  Westmoreland,  Dec,  1857. 
J.  Given,  1859-73;  A.  Young,  S.  S.,  1875- 

Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1818. 

D.  McLean,  1824-7  ;  A.  Isaac,  1827-40 ;  J.  Marshall,  1844-54  !  J-  Patterson, 
1855-67  ;  R.  H.  Boyd,  1S70-5  ;  J.  W.  Taylor,  1876- 

Lone  Grove,  Pawnee  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  April  21,  1877. 
R.  Gray,  1882-5. 

Loveland,  Larimer  Co.,  Colo.;  Colorado;  Nov.  25,  1875. 

W.  H.  McCreery,  S.  S.,  1875-80;  W.  R.  Stevenson,  S.  S.,  1881-83;  J.  A. 
Ferguson,  1883- 

Los  Angeles,  Cal. ;  San  Francisco,  1884. 

J.  M.  Hervey,  S.  S.,  1884- 

Lower  Chanceford,  York  Co. ,  Pa, ;  Big  Spring;  March  26,  1771. 
J.  Cuthbertson,  S.  S.,  1771-91 ;  C.  Campbell,  i8oi-4;J.  Wilson,  1808-12; 
D.  B.  Jones,  1843-7;  W.  Carlile,  1848-56;  J.  Boyd,  1857-8;  T.  F.  Baird, 
1861-5 ;  D.  G.  Bruce,  1869-72 ;  A.  S.  Aiken,  1875- 

Low  Point,  Woodford  Co.,  111. ;  Central  Illinois;  Nov.  13,  1854. 

p.  H.  Drennen,  1S58-69;  W.  Bruce,  1872-4;  R.  B.  Nesbit,  1875-80;  W. 
M.  Story,  1881- 

Lumber  City,  Clearfield  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  Sept.  15,  1868. 

J.  C.  Greer,  1872-9. 

Luxor;  Egypt;  March  30,  1882. 

Lyndon,  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  Feb.  29,  1840. 
W.  Howden,  S.  S.,  1840-9;  D.   C.  McVean,   1850-65;  R.   G.   Campbell, 
1870-80 ;  J.  D.  Lytle,  1881-6 ;  J.  L.  Thompson,  1887- 

Lyndon,  Osage  Co.,  Kan. ;  Garnett;  May  i,  1872. 

S.  Alexander,  1882- 

Maasera;  Egypt;  1880. 

Macedon,  Mercer  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Aug.  27,  1857. 
W.  Wright,  1878-81 ;  J.  C.  Gibney,  1886- 


WITH   THEIR    HISTORICAL   RKCORD.  169 

McCune  [Jacksonville;  Dunbar],  Crawford  Co.,   Kan.;  Gar- 
nett;  July  30,  1870. 

J.  H.  Adair,  vS.  vS.,  1871-4;  D.  D.  Christy,  S.  S.,  1877-9;  J.  D.  Graham, 
S.  S.,  1881-2;  J.  A.  Shannon,  S.  S.,  1883-4. 

McDonald,  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Monongahela;  Feb.  26,  1876. 

W.  G.  Nevin,  S.  S.,  1876-7  ;  J.  M.  McArthur,  1877-9;  W.  D.  Irons,  1880- 

McKeesport,   Allegheny  Co.,    Pa.;   Westmoreland;  Oct.    10, 
1851. 

A.  G.  Wallace,  1854-7  ;  M.  McKinstry,  1857-61  ;  A.  H.  Elder,  1863-75 ; 
J.  Kelso,  1877-85 ;  A.  I.  Young,  1886- 

McMahon's  Creek,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1827. 

J.  Clokey,  1827-36;  S.  McArthur,  1838-49;  J.  Alexander,  1853-5;  W. 
Grimes,  1858-63  ;  W.  S.  Moffatt,  1868-82. 

Madison,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  Sept.  16,  1844. 

J.  Brown,  1844-55;  S.  Collins,  1860-7;  J-  F.  Hutchison,  1868-76;  J.  A. 
Kennedy,  1878-83;;.  L.  Ateu,  S.  S.,  1883- 

Madison,  Westmoreland    Co. ,   Pa. ;  Westmoreland ;  Aug.    7, 

i860. 
A.  B.  Fields,  1862-7;  J-  A.  Nelson,  1872-5;  S.  B.  Stewart,  1878-9;  J.  A. 
Scroggs,  1881-3  ;  J.  A.  Lawrence,  1884-6  ;  D.  M.  Thorn,  1887- 

Mahoning,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ;  Beaver  Valley;  1795. 

J.  Duncan,  1800-15  I  J-  Neil,  1838-43  ;  R.  W.  Oliver,  1846-53  ;  W.  G.  Reed, 
1854-7;  T.  W.  Winter,  1861-72;  W.  T.  McConnell,  1873-83;  A.  P. 
Hutchison,  1885- 

Mahoning,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  Oct.  i,  1827. 

J.  Hindman,  1831-45;  J.  C.  Telford,  1850-67;  D.  M.  Thorn,  1868-70;  D. 
W.  McLane,  1871-5;  D.  H.  Blair,  1877-83. 

Mair;  Egypt;  1883. 

Majors,  Buffalo  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Dec.  20,  1882. 
I.  A.  Wilson,  1885- 

Mansfield,  Richland  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1819. 

J.  Johnston,  1822-51 ;  W.  Dalzell,  1853-7  ;  D.  Paul,  1857-65  ;  D.  H.  French, 
1866-79;  J.  A.  Anderson,  1880-87;  W.  H.  Vincent,  1887- 

Mansfield,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Dec.  30,  1856. 
A.  Calhoun,  1858-61 ;  G.  K.  Ormond,  1870-3  ;  C.  B.  Hatch,  1876-9;  T.  C. 
Atchison,  1881- 

Maple  Ridge,  Alpena  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit ;  Feb.  11,  1886. 
Marali,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  March  21,  1882. 
Marissa,  St.  Clair  Co.,  111.  [Hill  Prairie];  Southern  Illinois; 
1870. 

J.  W.  Glenn,  1872-9;  S.  R.  Lyon,  1880-5  ;  E.  McKee,  1885- 

Marshalltown,   Marshall  Co.,   Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  Oct  19, 
1867. 

W.  M.  Richie,  1881-4;  W.  B.  Cherry,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Martin,  Allegan  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1842. 

W.  T.  Canning,  1854-7;  T.J.  Wilson,  1864-8;  J.  Anderson,  1868-77;  D- 
R.  Miller,  1881- 

Martin's  Ferry,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling,  1851. 

D.  G.  Bradford,  1856-7 ;  R.  G.  Campbell,  1863-7 ;  J.  R.  Slentz,  1870-3 ; 
W.  Weir,  1874-85  ;  A.  E.  Brownlee,  1886- 

II* 


170  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Meade  Centre,  Meade  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  1886. 
Mechanicsburg,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1850. 

J.  C.  Greer,  1857-65;  S.  McArthur,  1866-70;  D.  H.  Blair,  1876-7;  T.  P. 
Patterson,  1879. 

Mechanicstown,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  about  1S35. 

J.  Donaldson,  1841-4;  W.  H.  Jamison,  1846-54;  J.  Boyd,  1859-69;  S.  M. 
Coon,  1871-82;;.  S.  McMuuu,  1883- 

Mellawi;  Egypt;  1876. 

Mercer,  Pa.,  ist  Church  [Cool  Spring];  Mercer;  1802. 

T.  McClintock,  1803-5;!.  Walker,  1811-14;  I-  Beggs,  1827-36;  D.  H.  A. 
McLean,  1 841-5  ;  G.  C.  Vincent,  1847-52;  D.  W.  French,  1856-75;  J. 
M.  French,  1875-80;  J.  S.  McKee,  1881-4;  H.  W.  Crabbe,  1885- 

Mercer,  Pa.,  2d  Church;  Mercer;  1805. 

J.  Galloway,  1811-18;  J.  L.  Dinwiddle,  1820-34;  A.  Bower,  1839-42;  W. 
T.  McAdam,  1847-53;  R-  McWatty,  1854-82;].  A.  Grier,  1883- 

Mercersburg,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  Aug.,  1822. 

T.  B.  Clarkson,  1S23-7  ;  F.  W.  McNaughton,  1828-57 ;  J.  Bruce,  1858-63; 
R.  G.  Ferguson,  1866-74;  J.  E.  Black,  1878-83. 

Meredith,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  May  26,  1870. 

R.J.  Creswell,  1871-3;  J.  C.  Hammond,  1876-83;  H.  S.  McAyeal,  1887- 

Mexico  [Fermanagh],  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1777. 

W.  Logan,  1777-1805 ;  T.  Smith,  1806-32;  J.  Shields,  1835-62;  J. 
McCartney,  1862-7 ;  F.  McBurney,  1869- 

Mifflin,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  1803. 

J.  Kerr,  1804-18;  S.  Weir,  1820-44 ;  J.  J.  Buchanan,  1846-9;  H.  C.  McFar- 
land,  1853-7;  J.  D.  Glenn,  1859-61 ;  C.  B.  Hatch,  1871-5;  J.  C.  Hunter, 
1881-5. 
Millersburg,  Holmes  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  Asso.,  Aug.  7,  1825; 
Asso.  Ref.,  1 84 1. 
[Asso.]  S.  Irvine,  1837-52;  J.  P.  Scott,  1855-9;  [Asso.  Ref.]  D.  F.  Raid, 
1841-7;  [U.  P.]  W.  M.  Gibson,  1863-73;  A.  D.  McCarroll,  1874-7;  A. 
F.  Kirkpatrick,  1880-2  ;  J.  Galley,  1885- 

Milo,  Warren  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  May  9,  1881. 

Milo,  Vernon  Co.,  Mo.;  Southern  Illinois;  Dec.  7,  1884. 

Milton  [Esquesing],  Ontario,  Canada;  Stamford;  1824. 

D.  Coutts,  1836-42;  J.  D.  Cunningham,  1844-48;  J.  Gillespie,  1851-S3; 
A.  F.  Kirkpatrick,  1884- 

Miltonvale,  Cloud  Co.,  Kan.;  Concordia;  June  i,  1882. 

W.  I.  Brooks,  S.  S.,  1885;  pastor,  1886- 

Milroy  [Bethesda],  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  Nov.  18,  1835. 

J.  N.  Pressly,  1838-51  ;  N.  C.  McDill,  1852-9 ;  J.  I.  Frazer,  1861-5;  W.  A. 
Hutchison,  1867-9;  J-  G.  Freeborn,  1870-1  ;  A.  R.  Rankin,  1873-6;  J. 
F.  Hutchison,  1876- 

Minden,  Kearney  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  April  10,  1884. 

J.  A.  Duff,  18S6- 

Minyah;  Egypt;  1885. 

Mishta;  Egypt;  July,  1881. 

Mission  Creek,  Pawnee  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  1872. 

W.  A.  Pollock,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  M.  Morrison,  1878- 

Mitchell,  Knox  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  1883. 

W.  R.  Baldridge,  S.  S.,  1884- 


WITH   THEIR    HISTORICAL   RECORD.  17I 

Monmouth,  111.,  ist  Church;  Monmouth;  May  9,  1853. 

D.  A.  Wallace,  1856-60;  A.  Young,  1S59-63 ;  D.  G.  Bradford,  1863-67;  R. 
B.  Ewing,  1868-9;  J.  G.  Barnes,  1870-80;  T.  H.  Hanna,  1880- 

Monmouth,  111.,  2d  Church;  Monmouth;  1862. 

D.  A.  Wallace,  1S63-8;  A.  Young,  1863-71;  D.  M.  Ure,  1872-4;  W.  T. 
Campbell,  1875- 

Monroe  [Worthington],  Richland  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1825. 

J.  Johnston,  1833-8;  W.  Laughridge,  1839-40;  G.  Wilson,  1842-4;  R. 
Gailey,  1849-63;  D.  H.  French,  1866-68;  G.  M.  Reed,  1876-80;  J.  K. 
Martin,  1882-84. 

Monroe,  Jasper  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Aug.  12,  1861. 

D.  F.  Bonner,  1865-6;  W.  Johnston,  1867-70;  J.  F.  Martin,  1871-9;  W. 
E.  Shaw,  1879- 

Morea  [Palestine],  Crawford  Co.,  111.;  Princeton;  1859. 

A.  McHatton,  1861-77  i  O.  G.  Brockett,  1878-82 ;  W.  D.  Ralston,  1887- 

Morganville  [Sunday  Creek],  Morgan  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum; 
1830. 
S.  L.  Haft,  1837-44 ;  J.  Burrows,  1852-7  ;  Supplies — 

Morning  Sun  [Beech  Woods],  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  Ref. 
Pres.,  1820;  U.  P.,  1870. 

[Ref  Pres.]  G.  McMillan,  till  death;  J.  H.  Cooper,  1867-74;  [U.  P.]  H. 
A.  McDonald,  1877-8;  J.  M.  Johnston,  1879-81 ;  R.  H.  Hume,  1882- 

Morning  Sun  [Virginia  Grove],  Louisa  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk; 

1840. 
J.  Duff,  1844-7;  W.  M.  Graham,  1850-60;  T.  A.  Sanson,  1862-4;  W.  Lor- 
imer,    1865-70;    H.    Wallace,    1871-7;    W.  T.    Moffett,   1878-83;  T.   C. 
McKelvey,  1885- 

Moteah;  Egypt;  Nov.  8,  1871. 

Mt.  Ayr,  Ringgold  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  i860. 

W.  Brown,  1869-77 ;  J.  H.  Tedford,  1879-85  ;  G.  T.  Scott,  1887- 

Mt.  Chestnut,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1857. 

J.  A.  Clark,  1859-76;  T.  W.  Young,  1879-84. 

Mt.  Gilead,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  June  27,  1843. 

R.  Armstrong,  1847-53  ;  J-  C.  Brysou,  1855-66 ;  D.  K.  McKnight,  1872-4 ; 
G.  H.  Getty,  1884-5  ;  J.  A.  Lawrence,  1886- 

Mt.  Hermon,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  March,  1857. 

J.  Duncan,  1857-66;  J.  T.  Campbell,  1869- 

Mt.  Hope,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1800. 

T.  Allison,  1802-37 ;  D.  Thompson,  1838-47 ;  J.  T.  Brownlee,  1851- 

Mt.  Jackson,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  Beaver  Valley;  1820. 

D.  Norwood,  1826-33;  J-  Neil,  1S3S-60;  C.  Cummins,  1861-9;  H.  R. 
McClelland,  1870-85. 

Mt.  Joy,  Scioto  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  Nov.  8,  1851. 

Supplies;  J.  B.  Gowdy,  S.  S.,  1882. 

Mt.  Nebo,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  1838. 

W.  Burnett,  1845-50;  J.  Greer,  1852-5;  J.  L.  Fairley,  1856-69;  D.  R. 
Imbrie,  1870-2  ;  W.  J.  Cooper,  1874-7 ',  D.  R.  Imbrie,  1878- 

Mt.  Pleasant,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1795. 

W.  C.  Brownlee,  1809-12  ;  A.  Donnan,  1819-52  ;  J.  R.  Thompson,  1853-61  ; 
W.  A.  McConuell,  1865- 


172  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Mt.  Pleasant,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1802. 

M.  Dick,  1807-23;  R.  Gailey,  1839-49;  D.  H.  Pollock,  1849-53;  J.  H. 
Fife,  1856-61  ;  A.  B.  Fields,  1862-7 ;  J-  A.  Nelson,  1872-5  ;  R.  B.  Tag- 
gart,  1877-83;  H.  S.  Wilson,  1884- 

Mt.  Pleasant  [Swamp  Creek],  Butler  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1802. 

D.  Risk,  1809-13;  S.  P.  Magaw,  1818-40;  J.  M.  Graham,  1842-7;  S.  P. 
Berry,  1849-50;  J.  S.  Robertson,  1852-66;  S.  R.  Frazier,  1867-71  ;  A.  F. 
Ashton,  1874-84;  S.  A.  Livingston,  1887- 

Mt,   Pleasant  [Providence],  Clinton  Co.,  Ind. ;  Northern  In- 
diana; 1832. 

J.  Reynolds,  1832-40;  R.  R.  Coon,  1842-8;  J.  P.  Wright,  1850-5;  S.  C. 
Baldridge,  1856-61;  T.  Mercer,  1864-70;  J.  C.  White,  1875-80;  A.  K. 
Strane,  1881-5  ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1886- 

Mt.   Pleasant,   Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  Ref.  Pres.,  1825, 
U.  P.,  1859. 
T.  Guthrie,  1826-65;  J.  F.  Martin,  1866-71;;.  vS.  Brandon,  1873-8;  J.  M. 
Dight,  1880- 

Mt.    Pleasant,    Beaver  Co.,    Pa.;    Frankfort;   Aug.    8,    1877. 
[Part  of  Service.] 

J.  H.  Breaden,  1S79-86. 

Mt.  Prospect,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  Feb.  4,  i860. 

T.  Balph,  1864-74;  J.  P-  Davis,  1875-86. 

Mt.  Washington,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  Jan.  27, 
1884. 
D.  M.  Clelaud,  S.  8.,  18S5  ;  pastor,  1886- 

Mt.  Varnum,  Butler  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Butler. 

J.  K.  Riddell,  1847-8;  J.  H.  Fife,  1849-55;;.  A.  Campbell,  1857-9;  W.  A. 
Black,  1860-73;  J-  H-  Dodds,  1874-7;  R-  A.  GilfiUan,  1879-82;  R.  C. 
Dodds,  1883-85. 

Mountville  [Eight-Tracts],  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Val- 
ley; Oct.  28,  1807. 

A.  Murray,  1811-46;  J.  McClintock,  1847-56;  A.  Irons,  1859-63;  J.  M. 
Donaldson,  1865-70;  D.  D.  Christy,  1871-3;;.  Patterson,  1874-82. 

Mount  Zion  [Lower  Piney],  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa. ;  Brookville. 

J.  Hindman,  1831-52  ;  D.  K.  Duff,  1856-70 ;  J.  M.  Imbrie,  1882- 

Mulberry  [Bethel],  Bates  Co.,  Mo.;  Western  Missouri;  March 
28,  1868. 

W.  p.  Currie,  S.  S.,  1868-70;  J.  P.  Wright,  1871-4;  J.  Taylor,  1876-8;  S. 
W.  Lorimer,  1880-6 ; 

Muddy  Run,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  Philadelphia;  1742. 

[The  oldest  organization  in  the  Church,  having  associated  as  a  worship- 
ping assembl}-  ten  years  before  the  arrival  of  the  Rev.  J.  Cuthbertsou. 
Never  had  an  installed  pastor,  but  was  supplied  as  an  out  station  of 
Octoraro.] 

Mumford,    Monroe   Co.,    N.    Y. ;    Caledonia;   May   13,    1869. 
[Previously  a  part  of  Caledonia.  ] 
W.  H.  Haney,  1873-83;  J.  A.  Nelson,  1884-84;  C.  H.  Robinson,  1886- 

Murray,  Wells  Co.,  Ind.;  Northern  Indiana;  1846. 

D.  Morrow,  1857-63;  A.  Mayn,  S.  S.,  1866-71;  R.  Gray,  1873-9;  J- 
McCrea,  S.  S.,  18S0- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I73 

Murraysville,  Westmoreland   Co.,   Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Oct. 

12,  1877. 
A.  R.  Rankin,  1879-86. 

Nails  Creek,  Dickson  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  1869. 
S.  F.  Thompson,  S.  S.,  1869- 

Naklialeli;  Eg}'pt;  187 1. 

Nassau  [Pleasant  Grove],  Mahaska  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines; 
Nov.  28,  1870. 

J.  Shearer,  S.  S.,  1874-6;  S.  F.  Clark,  1878- 

Neshannock,  Lawrence  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Beaver  Valley ;  Ref.  Pres. , 
1814;  U.  P.,  1869. 

[Ref.  Pres.     The  successive  pastors  were Gibson  ;  Gibson  ;  A. 

W.  Black ;  George  Scott ;  J.  Hutchman  ;  G.  R.  McMillan  ;  John  Alford  ; 
T.  W.  Wylie;  became  U.  P.,  1869;]  J.  B.  Whitten,  1S69-74;  W.  E. 
Shaw,  1876-8;  E.  N.  McElree,  1879-85;  N.  Winegart,  1885- 

New  Alexandria,  Westmoreland  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Westmoreland ; 
Aug.  19,  1805. 

M.  Dick,  1807-16;  J.  G.  Fulton,  1840-7;  J.  W.  Duff,  1848-50;  O.  Katz, 
1861-86. 

Newark,  N.  J. ;  New  York;  1850. 

G.  Donuan,  1851-62;  A.  A.  McConnell,  1S66-9;  A.  Crawford,  1869-77; 
W.  M.  Gibson.  1878-81;  D.  W.  Lusk,  1881-3;  R.  T.  Wyley,  18S5-6  ; 
J.  A.  Shaw,  1887- 

New  Athens,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1851. 
Supplies,  1851-67;  R.  G.  Campbell,  1S67- 

New  Bethlehem,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  1864. 

D.  F.  Mustard,  1872-5;  A.  H.  Orr,  1875-80 ;  J.  A.  Shrader,  1882- 

New  Brighton  [Big  Beaver;  New  Bethel;]  [Falls  of  Beaver], 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Asso. ,  1803;  Asso.  Ref, 
1825;  U.  P-,  1858. 

[Asso.]  David  Imbrie,  1806-8;  [discontinued,  and  revived  previous  to 
1820;]  J.  France,  1820-41;  B.  F.  Sawyer,  1844-58;  [Asso.  Ref.  J  M. 
Kerr,  1828-30;  T.  L,.  Speer,  1840-3  ;  J.  McLean,  1848-55;  consolidated, 
1858;  J.  D.  Glenn,  1863-7;  A.  G.  Wallace,  1868-84;  W.  B.  Barr,  1885- 

Newburg,  N.  Y. ;  New  York;  Dec.  6,  1859, 

R.  Armstrong,  1861-8;  J.  G.  D.  Findley,  1869- 

New  Castle,  Pa.,  ist  Church;  Beaver  Valley;  Dec.  25;  1849. 

R.  A.  Browne,  1S50-67  ;  J.  W.  Bain,  1868-73 ;  R.  A.  Browne,  1873- 

New  Castle,  Pa.,  2d  Church;  Beaver  Valley;  April  29,  1884. 
J.  Q.  A.  McDowell,  1886- 

New  Concord  [Crooked  Creek],  Muskingum,  Co.,  O. ;  Musk- 
ingum; 1812. 

A.  Craig,  1812-23;  D.  Proudiit,  1824-30;  J.  Welsh,  1835-6;  B.  Waddle, 
1836-58;  J.  C.  Murch,  1860-76;  D.  Paul,  1876- 

New  Florence,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa. ;  Conemaugh;  Dec.  23, 
1875- 

D.  W.  McLane,  1876-80;  S.  M.  Black,  1881- 

New  Jefferson,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  Aug.  14,  1838. 

J.  Bryan,  1841-53  ;  J.  McKirahan,  1856-63;  T.  R.  Simpson,  1S66-70;  J.  A. 
INIorrow,  1870-85. 

New  Kingston,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Aug.  7,  1857. 

J.  Service,  1S62-7 ;  A.  W.  McGibbon,  1870-83 ;  G.  H.  Getty,  1S86- 


174  ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

New  Lebanon,  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1831. 

J.  Donaldson,  1836-42;  W.  H.  Jamison,  1846-54;  I.  N.  White,  1866-75; 
H.  H.  Brownlee,  1877-80;  J.  W.  Best,  1881- 

New  Lisbon,  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  April  22,  1839. 

S.  T.  Herron,  1846-68 ;  T.  A.  Scott,  1869-72  ;  W.  G.  Nevin,  1873-5 ;  A.  H. 
Elder,  1877-82  ;  \V.  Wallace,  1S87- 

New  Market,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  June  24,  1839. 

J.  Bryan,  1841-53  ;  J.  McKirahan,  1856-63;  T.  R.  Simpson,  1866-70;  J.  A. 
Morrow,  1870-85. 

New  Salem,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  May  30,  1836. 

J.  Duncan,  1850-4;  W.  Johnston,  1856-66;  W.  C.  Somers,  1869-74;  J.  W. 
Martin,  1874- 

Newton,  Jasper  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Dec.  3,  1870. 

E.  S.  McMichael,  1872-9  ;  J.  A.  Ferguson,  1879-82  ;  J.  A.  McCalmont,  1886- 

Newton,  Kan.;  Neosho;  March  7,  1884. 

C.  L.  McCracken,  S.  S.,  1885  ;  R.  C.  Wyatt,  S.  S.,  1885- 

New  Vernon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  Oct.  24,  1853. 

J.  Burrows,  1858-60;  J.  A.  Bailey,  1863-9;  G.  C.  Brown,  1871-3;  W.  R. 
Bruce,  1875-84. 

New  Wilmington,   Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,   ist  Church;  Mercer; 
1809. 

A.  Murray,  181 1+  ;  A.  Boyd,  1833-8;  D.  R.  Imbrie,  1842-67  ;  J.  R.  Miller, 
1867-9  ;  J-  M.  Donaldson,  1870-4 ;  J.  H.  Gibson,  1876-80 ;  H.  G.  McVey, 
i8Sr- 

[Neshannock,    Free    Pres.  ;    1850;    U.    P.,    1S66;  J.   C.    Bigham,   S.    S., 

1854-67  ;  absorbed  in  New  Wilmington  ist,  186S.] 

New  Wilmington,  2d  Church;  Mercer;  March  27,  1850. 

W.  A.  Mehard,  1852-72 ;  E.  T.  Jeffers,  S.  S.,  1S74-83 ;  J.  A.  Kenedy,  1884- 

New  York  City,  Charles  Street;  New  York;  March,  1830. 

J.  Irvine,  1831-5  ;  H.  H.  Blair,  1S36-77  ;  W.  J.  Gillespie,  1877-9 ;  J-  White, 
1880-7 

New  York  City,  Seventh  Avenue;  New  York;  March,  1830. 

J.  Irvine,  183 1-5  ;  W.  J.  Cleland,  1843-6;  J.  Harper,  1850-68;  S.  H.  Gra- 
ham, 1871-4 ;  R.  W.  Kidd,  1876- 

New  York  City,  W.  51st  St.  [Jane  Street];  New  York;  Feb. 
3.  1839. 

P.  Gordon,  1840-6;  A.  H.  Wright,  1847-53;  J-  Brash,  1855-68;  G.  D. 
Matthews,  1868-74;  R-  Scott,  1875-7;  A.  H.  Harshaw,  1878-80;  W.  M. 
Gibson,  1881-3;  A.  H.  Harshaw,  1885- 

New  York  City,  W.  25th  Street;  New  York;  Oct  31,  1849. 

J.  Thompson,  1853-71  ;  vS.  J.  Stewart,  1872-4;  J.  Kirkpatrick,  1875-80;  J. 
B.  Clapperton,  18S2- 

New  York  City,  W.  44th  Street;  New  York;  Nov.  25,  1855. 

J.  B.  Whitten,  1857-9;  G.  Campbell,  1861-77;  W.  N.  Richie,  1877-82;  D. 
A.  McClenahan,  1882-5  ;  H.  H.  Wallace,  1886- 

New  York  City,  119th  St.,  [B.  127th  St.];  New  York;  Feb. 
20,  1873. 

G.  T.  Galbraith,  1875-6;  J.  Price,  1878-80;  R.  E.  Lackey,  1881-3;  W.  R. 
Harshaw,  1885-7. 

New  Zion,  Fillmore  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  Jan.  13,  1877. 

D.  Forsythe,  1880- 


WITH   THEIR    HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I75 

Ninnescah,  Sedgwick  Co.,  Kan.;  iVrkansas  Valley;  Dec.  26, 

1876. 
J.  S.  Turnbull,  1877- 

Noblestown,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  1792. 

W.  Wilson,  1800-30;  J.  Rodgers,  1831-8;  J.  M.  French,  1841-3  ;  F.  A. 
Hutchinson,  1850-69;  W.' P.  Shaw,  1870^5;  W.B.Cherry,  1878-83; 
G.  T.  Scott,  1884-5. 

Norfolk,  Va. ;  Board  of  Missions  to  the  Freedmen;  April  25, 
1886. 

M.  Clarke,  Missionary,  1883-6  ;  W.  L.  Wallace,  1886- 

North  Arg>^le,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  1830. 

D.  vStalker,  1831-52;  W.'e.  Kenning,  1853- 

North  Bend,  Dodge  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  July  19,  1861. 

I.  A.  Wilson,  1867-76;  D.  Inches,  1877-87. 

North  Branch,  Madison  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  June  5,  1869. 
C.  T.  McCaughan,  1869-70;  G.  P.  Raitt,  1874-80;  G.  W.  Torrance,  S.  S., 

1880. 

North  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1778. 

M.  Henderson,  1781-95;  R.  Laing,  1 797-1805  ;  D.  French,  1811-54;  W. 
M.  Gibson,  1855-61  ;  R.  C.  Welch,  1867-8;  J.  Stevenson,  1871-6;  S.J. 
Kyle,  1877-87. 

North  Cedar,  Jackson  Co.,  Kan.;  Kansas;  April  i,  1880. 
J.  S.  Colvin,  1883- 

North  English,  Iowa  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Dec.  i,  1886. 
J.A.Burns,    1872-6;   J.  B.  Gowdy,    1880-81;    S.I.  Lindsay,    1883-6;   J. 
Pettigrew,  1887- 

Northfield,  Summit  Co.,  Ohio;  Cleveland;  Sept.  15,  1833, 

J.  Banks,  1834-9;  J.  W.  Logue,  1843-83;  W.  C.  Lawther,  1884- 

North  Hamden,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Oct.  13,  1881. 

W.  G.  Martin,  1884-87. 

North  Henderson,  Mercer  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  1842. 

R.  W.  French,  1844-8;  N.  McDowell,  1849-54;  J.  A.  Edie,  1857-69;  J. 
M.  French,  1872-5;  J.  T.  McCrory,  1877-80;  W.  A.  Spalding,  1881-4; 
T.  H.  Brown,  1885-6;  J.  D.  Lytle,  1886- 

North  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  March  13, 
1850.     [Part  of  Kortright.] 
J.  Erskine,    1852-60;   J.  M.  Smeallie,    1861-8;    R.  B.  Taggart,   1869-73; 
R.  C.  Monteith,  1875-87. 

North  Page,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  April  3,  1870. 

J.  A.  Shankland,  S.  S.,  1873-6;  D.  Dodds,  1878- 

North  Shenango,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  Feb.  9,  1849. 

W.  Dalzell,  1850-50;  H.  H.  Hervey,  1853- 

Northwood,  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  June  14,  1859. 

W.  H.  Jeflfers,  1863-5;  J-  W.  Taylor,  1868-71;  A.  Smith,  1872-6;  J.  W. 
Kerr,  1880-5. 

Nortonville,  Jefferson  Co.,  Kan.;  Kansas;  Oct.  11,  1874. 

J.  Alter,  1877-84;  W.  L.  Garges,  1885- 

Norwich,  Muskingum,  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1863. 

J.  R.  Boyd,  1863-7 ;  D.  Paul,  1869-72 ;  W.  S.  Harper,  1875-7 ;  E.  H. 
Huston,  1878-84. 


176  ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Oakdale  [Elkhorn],  Washington  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois; 
Ref.  Pres.,  1868;  U.  P.,  1870. 

J.  M.  Henderson,  1872-7  ;  H.  M.  Pressly,  1878-86. 

Oak   Grove  [Whiteoak   Grove],    McLean   Co.,   111.;    Central 
Illinois;  Sept.  i,  185 1. 

E.  S.  McCaughey,  1854-5  ;  W.  R.  Erskine,  1859-65 ;  N.  R.  Kirkpatrick, 
1866-71  ;  J.  L.  Fairley,  1872-4;  T.  G.  Morrow,  1875-81 ;  R.  J.  David- 
son, 1882-5;  C-  R-  Birnbach,  S.  S.,  1885-5  ;  J-  B.  Gowdy,  1886- 

Oak  Grove,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  Beaver  Valley;  1873. 

W.  E.  Shaw,  1876-8;  E.  N.  McElree,  1879-85;  N.  Winegart,  1885- 

Oak  Grove,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  Aug.  27,  1878. 

J.  M.  Duncan,  1885-7. 

Oakland,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  June  10,  1859. 

J.  T.  Wilson,  1861-61;  G.  P.  Raitt,  1866-9;  J-  Given,  1876-82. 

Oakland,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Aug.  19,  1870. 

J.  C.  Evans,  1872-9;  J.  Patterson,  1881- 

Oakland,  Hancock  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  Frankfort;  Oct.  22,  1875. 

J.  H.  Breaden,  1878-9 ;  J.  McKelvey,  1885- 

Oakland,  Spencer  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  Aug.  17,  1881. 
W.  G.  Spencer,  S.  S.,  1881-3;  A.  S.  Montgomery,  S.  S.,  1884- 

Octoraro,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  Philadelphia;  Oct.  20,  1754. 

A.  Gellatly,  1754-61;  J.  Smith,' 1772-94;  E.  Dickey,  1796-1822 ;  W. 
Easton,  1827-78;  D.  Anderson,  1880- 

Ohio  [Flaugherty's  Run],  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  1820. 

J.  Rodgers,  1831-8;  W.  H.  Walker,  1839-41  ;  A.  Murray,  1843-54;  W.  L. 
Wilson,  1859-62;  J.  W.  Witherspoon,  1863-6;  J.  P.  Sharp,  1870-3. 

Oil  City,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  April  15,  1864. 

J.  McNab,  1867-73  ;  J-  W.  Swaney,  1877-82  ;  J.  W.  Smith,  1883-5  ;  W.  E. 
Stewart,  1886- 
Olathe,  Johnson  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  Nov.  10,  1866. 

A.  Renwick,  1869-74 ;  J.  U.  McClenahan,  1878-9  ;  T.  P.  Dysart,  1881-2  ; 
A.  N.  Hagerty,  1885-7. 

Olena,  Henderson  Co. ,  111.;  Monmouth;  Sept.  8,  1859.     [Part 
of  Ellison.] 

C.  Thompson,  1863-66;  A.  McMillan,  1869-71;  W.  R.  Erskine,  1874-5; 
J.  K.  Martin,  1876-9;  R.  W.  McBride,  1879-84;  J.  C.  Calhoun,  1885- 

Olive   Branch   [Rising],   Butler  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Jan.   8, 

1884. 
Olivet,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  Sept.,  1840. 

A.  McCahan,  1843-4;  M.H.Wilson,  1848-59;  S.Anderson,  1859-67; 
J.  C.  Telford,  1867-79;  A.  S.  Stewart,  1884-6. 

Omaha,  Neb.,  ist  Church;  Omaha;  Jan.,  1868. 

T.  McCague.  S.  S.,  1868-71;  J.  Duncan,  S.  S.,  1872-3;  T.  McCague, 
S.  S.,  1873-5  ;  J-  McCartney,  S.  S.,  1875-7 ;  D.  R.  Miller,  S.  S.,  1877-9  i 
E.  B.  Graham,  1880- 

Omaha;  Park  Ave.;  Omaha;  Oct.  14,  1886. 
J.  A.  Henderson,  1887- 

Omaha;  Central;  Omaha;  1887. 

Ontario,  Richland  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1849. 

J.  L.  McLean,  1849-53;  D-  W.  Collins,  1854-64;  S.  M.  Hutchison, 
1865-7 ;  W.  Wishart,  1S69-77 ;  J.  M.  Moore,  1881-85. 


WITH   THKIR    HISTORICAL    RECORD.  1 77 

Orchard,  Antelope  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Aug.  3,  1883. 
L.  Proudfit,  1884- 

Oskaloosa,  Mahaska  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  June  17,  1849, 

R.  N.  Fee,  1849-55;  R.  A.  McAyeal,  1856-78;  W.  A.  Spalding,  1879-81  ; 
J.  C.  Calhoun,  1882-3;  O-  S.  Morrow,  1884- 

Ottawa,  Franklin  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  July  20,  1867. 

E.  C.  Cooper,  S.  vS.,  1868-9;  D.  R.  Imbrie,  1870-2;  W.  R.  Hutchison, 
1873-85;  H.  M.  Fressly,  1886- 

Otter  Lake,  Lapeer  Co.,  Mich,;  Detroit;  April  15,  1881. 
J.  B.  Wilson,  1 881-7. 

Oxford,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  Philadelphia;  1754. 

A.  Gellatly,  1754-8;  M.  Henderson,  175S-S1 ;  J.  Smith,  1783-94;  E. 
Dickey,  1796-1822;  W.  Easton,  1827-54;  J.  H.  Andrew,  1855-63;  E.  T. 
Jeffers,  1865-72;  G.  A.  B.  Robinson,  1873-6;  R.  T.  Wylie,  1877-S0; 
A.  H.  Crosbie,  1881-87. 

Oxford,  Butler  Oo.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1837. 

S.  W.   McCracken,  S.  S.,   1837-40;    T-    Claybaugh,  1840-55;    A.  Yonng, 
S.  S.,  1855-8;    W.J.  McvSurely,   1859-66;    M.  Ormond,  1867-71;    J.  F. 
Black,  1874-8;   J.  Dodds,  1879-81;    S.  R.  Frazier,    1882-5;    H.  A.  Mc- 
Donald, 1886- 
Page  Center,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  June  24,  1874. 

D.  C.  Wilson,  1874- 

Palmetto,  Bedford  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  1865. 

J.  McNeal,  S.  S.,  1867-9;  Creswell,  Waite,  and  other  Supplies. 

Palo  Alto,  Jasper  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Dec.  3,  1870. 

E.  S.  McMichael,  1872-9 ;  J.  A.  Ferguson,  1879-82 ;  J.  A.  McCalmont, 
1886- 

Pana,  Christian  Co.,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  June  22,  1866. 

J.  V.  Pringle,  1869-78. 

Parker  [Lawrenceburg],  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1834. 
J.Johnston,   S.  S.,   1834-5;   J.   Green,    1835-41;    R.  W.   Oliver,    1844-5; 
J.  K.  Riddell,  1847-8  ;  J.  H.  Fife,  1849-55 ;  W.  G.  Nevin,  1872-3 ;  J.  T. 
Wilson,  1874-8;  W.  Robertson,  1878-83. 

Paris  [Herman's  Creek],  Washington  Co.,   Pa.;  Frankfort; 
about  1805. 

G.  Buchanan,  181 1-38;  J.  M.  Galloway,  1839-55;  J.  C.  Campbell,  1855- 
75;  J.  R.  May,  1876-9;  W.  J.  Cooper,  1880- 

Parks,  Dundy  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  July  12,  1887. 
Parnassus,  Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Feb.   4, 
1876. 

Supplies ;  C.  H.  Marshall,  1885- 

Paterson,  N.  J.;  New  York;  April  30,  1857. 

H.  W.  Todd,  1857-69;  R.  D.  Williamson,  1870-1  ;  J.  Teas,  1872-77;  A. 
Smith,  1877- 

Patterson    [Montpelier],    Madison    Co.,    Iowa;    Des    Moines; 
Dec.  3,  1867. 
G.  P.  Raitt,  1874-6;  G.  W.  Torrence,  1883- 

Patterson's  Mills,  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  Frankfort;  May,  1883. 
J.  Pettigrew,  1884-86. 

Pawnee  City,  Neb. ;  Pawnee;  May  6,  1867. 

R.  J.  McCready,  1871- 
12 


178  ALPHABETICAL   LLST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Paxton,  Ford  Co.,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  Oct.  3,  1859. 

R.  McCracken,  1861-5 ;  J.  C.  Truesdale,  1S66-71  ;  W.  M.  Richie,  1872-7; 
E.  D.  Campbell,  1877-81 ;  T.  G.  Morrow,  1881- 

Peck,  Sanilac  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  March  11,  1880. 
Pepin,  Pepin  Co.,  Wis.;  Minnesota;  Nov.  16,  1867. 

D.  F.  Raid,  S.  S.,  1867-76;  B.  McCullough,  S.  vS.,  1S76-S6. 

Peru,  Madison  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Oct.  25,  1870. 

C.  T.  McCaughan,   1870-82. 

Peter's  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  Oct.  5,  1795. 

J.  Smith,  1796-1803;  R.  Bruce,  1808-14;  A.  Wilson,  1817-39;  J.  Brown, 
1840-3;  J.  C.  Herron,  1845-53;  J.  B.  Whitten,  1854-6;  A.  Y.  Houston, 
1858-64  ;  J.  Patterson,  1867-72  ;  R.  M.  Patterson,  1873-82  ;  R.  H.  Hood, 
18S4- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  ist  Church;  Philadelphia;  1767. 

W.  Marshall,  1769-1S02  ;  J.  Shaw,  1805-10;  W.  C.  Brownlee,  1812-14; 
J.Banks,  1816-26;  T.  Beveridge,  1827-35;  C.Webster,  1837-45;  F. 
Church,  1S56- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  2d  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1831. 

J.  Forsyth,  1834-6 ;  J.  B.  Dales,  1840- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  3d  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1837. 

A.  T.  McGill,  S.  S.,  1837-8;  J.  T.  Cooper,  1839-71 ;  J.  C.  Wilson,  1872-5  ; 
S.  G.  Fitzgerald,  1876- 

Philadelpliia,  Pa.,  4th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  Aug.  20,  1844. 

J.  B.  Scouller,  1844-6;  A.  Bower,  1847-51  ;  R.  W.  Oliver,  1853-4;  G.  C. 
Arnold,  1855-63;  D.  M.  Gordon,  1864-7;  W.  C.Jackson,  1868-78;  A. 
Crawford,  1879-83 ;  J.  M.  Farrar,  1884- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  5th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  March,  1848. 

D.  T.  Carnahan,  1848-9;  J.  L.  Fairley,  1850-2;  R.  Armstrong,  1853-60; 
T.  H.  Hanna,  1S62-7;  A.  Calhoun,  1868-73;  S.  G.  Fitzgerald,  1874-5; 
T.  M.  Watson,  1876-7;  J.  H.  Wright,  1879-80;  I.  T.  Wright,  1882- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  7th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1855. 

J.  Price,  1856-73;  J.  B.  Whitten,  1875-82;  D.  W.  Lusk,  1883-5;  M.  G. 
Kyle,  1886- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  8th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1767  [Part  of  the 
ist  Church  until  1845.  See  "Scouller's  Manual"  under 
Webster,  Chauncey]. 

C.  Webster,  1837-56 ;  W.  W.  Barr,  1859- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  9th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  i860. 

J.  Crowe,  1860- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  loth  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1863. 

J.  M.  Hutchison,  1S65-9 ;  S.  S.  W^hite,  1871-6;  J.  Teas,  1878- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  North  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  1867. 

L.  Marks,  S.  S.,  1867-8;  W.  S.  Owens,  1869-71;  J.  R.  Kerr,  1872-5;  H. 
A.  McDonald,  1878-81;  J.  Q.  A.  McDowell,  1882-4;  M.  W.  Pressly, 
1S86- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  12th  Ch. ;  Philadelphia;  April  4,  1882. 
J.  Price,  S.  S.,  1882- 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  13th  Ch.  [Falls  of  Schuylkill];  Phila- 
delphia; 1885, 

Pigeon  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1818. 
A.  Wilson,  1820-34;  B.  Boyd,  1834-60;  D.  S.  Littell,  1861-86. 


WITH  THEIR   HISTORICAI.   RECORD.  1 79 

Pine   Creek,    Allegheny    Co.,    Pa.;   Allegheny;    Ref.    Pres., 
1805-7;  U.  P.,  1874. 

[Ref.  Pres.]  M.  Williams,  from  orgauizatiou  until  about  1825;  T. 
Guthrie,  1S27-56;  T.  Johnston,  1860-73;  [U.  P.]  N.  E-  Wade,  1875- 
84;  R.  H.  Park,  1885- 

Piney  Fork,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  Stenbenville;  1800. 

A.  Calderhead,  1808-12;  T.  Hanna,  1821-35;  J.  Clokey,  1836-47;  W. 
Ivorimer,  1854-8;  J.  M.  Jamieson,  1860- 

Piper  City  [New  Brenton],   Ford  Co.,   111.;  Central  Illinois; 
May  14,  1867. 

J.  C.  Bigham,  1867-74;  W.  Morrow,  S.  S.,  1877-82;  W.  R.  Baldridge, 
1882-3;  W.  H.  Ferguson,  1885- 

Piqua,  Miami  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1815. 

J.  Reynolds,  S.  vS.,  1829-30;  J.  C.  Porter,  1834-40;  J.  M.  Gordon,  1841- 
50;  J.  K.  Andrews.  1851-6;  S.  Wallace,  185S-69;  J.  H.  Brown,  1869- 
84 ;  J.  W.  Kerr,  1885- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  ist  Church;  Monongahela;  Nov.  24,  1801. 

E.  Henderson,  1802-4;  R-  Bruce,  1808-46;  A.  Anderson,  1847-9;  H.  W. 
Lee,  1849-55  ;  S.  B.  Reed,  1857-9 ;  W.  J.  Raid,  1862-  (H.  C.  Marshall, 
Asso.  Pas.,  1885.) 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  2d  Ch. ;  Monongahela;  1815. 

J.  McElroy,  1816-24;  J-  Kerr,  1825-9;  J.  R.  Kerr,  1830-43;  J.  F.  Mc- 
Laren, 1846-51;  J.  Ekin,  1854-7;  J-  Prestley,  185S-66;  T.  H.  Hanna, 
1^67-75 ;  J.  R.  Kyle,  1876-9 ;    A.  H.  Harshaw,    1881-3 ;    D.  S.   Littell, 

1886- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  3d  Ch. ;  Monongahela;  April  13,  1836. 

J.  t^kin,  1838-9;  W.  A.  McKinney,  1840-40;  J.  L.  Dinwiddie,  1843-4; 
R.  A.  Browne,  S.  vS.,  1844-5;  J-  G.  Brown,  1846-72;  vS.  R.  Frazier, 
1872-9;  J.  T.  McCrory,  1880- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  4th  Ch.  [Bayardstown];  Monongahela;  1837. 

M.  Kerr,  1837-9  ;  W.  Burnett,  1840-1  ;  Reorganized  in  1849;  V.  Cockins, 
1850-1  ;  R.  Gracey,  1853-67 ;  J.  M.  Cockins,  1868-71 ;  J.  Gailey,  1872-7  ; 
J.  D.  Turner,  1878- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  5th  Ch. ;  Monongahela;  1859. 

S.  B.  Reed,  1860-74;  J.  M.  Johnston,  1874-8;  J.  M.  Hervey,  1879-84; 
T.  W.  Young,  1S84- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  6th  Ch.  [East  Liberty];  Monongahela;  Sept. 
30,  1856. 

H.  C.  McFarland,  1858-65;  J.  S.  Hawk,  1S65-9;  R-  B.  Ewing,  1870- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  7th  Ch.  [lyawrenceville] ;  Monongahela;  Feb. 
12,  i860. 

W.  H.  Andrew,  1860-75;  A.  G.  McCoy,  1876-8;  J.  D.  Sands,  1880- 

Pittsburgli,  Pa.,  8th  Ch. ;  Monongahela;  June  21,  1868. 

J.  S.  Sands,  S.  S.,  1868-80;  J.  M.  Wallace,  1882- 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  9tli  Ch.  [Binninghani];  Monongahela;  1841. 

L.  H.  Long,  1848-9;  G.  K.  Orniond,  1852-8;  W.  M.  Coleman,  1859-75; 
J.  A.  Gordon,  1S76-S1  ;  A.  E.  Linn,  1882- 

Pittsburgh,   Pa.,    loth  Ch.    [Wylie  Avenue];  Monongahela; 
April  16;  1872. 

W.  H.  Knox,  1873- 

Pittsburgli,  Pa.,  nth  Ch.   [Temperanceville];  Monongahela; 
1847. 


l8o  ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

L.  H.  Long,  1848-9;  A.  Calhoun,  1858-61  ;  Supplies  to  1868;  G.  A.  B. 
Robinson,  1869-72  ;  G.  K.  Ormond,  1874-83;  S.  J.  S.  Moore,  1885- 

Plain  Grove,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  Oct.  19,  1859. 

J.  B.  Whitten,  1861-72  ;  J.  C.  Bigham,  1877- 

Plaiuview,  Holt  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Oct.  20,  1883. 

L.  Proudht,  S.  S.,  1884- 

Platte  Valley,  Taylor  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Dec.    15, 
1873- 

J.  W.  Johnston,  1878-83 ;  J.  W.  Clelaud,  1883-7. 

Pleasant  Hill,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  Sept.  24,  1867. 
R.  Johnson,  1869-73 ;  J.  W.  Martin,  1874-82 ;  J.  H.   Nash,  1884- 

Pleasant   Lawn,    Montgomery   Co.,    Iowa;    College  Springs; 
Dec.  15,  1885. 

W.  R.  Cox,  1SS5-6. 

Pleasant  Ridge,  Monroe  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  Sept.,  1845. 

J.  McNeal,  1854-5  ;  S.  Ramsay,  1860-61  ;  H.  Parks,  S.  S.,  occasionally 
for  years;  M.  M.  Pollock,  1877-83. 

Pleasant  Ridge,  Texas  Co.,  Mo.;  Southern  Illinois;  Nov.  21, 
1885. 
N.  A.  Whitehill,  1886- 

Pleasant  Unity  [Port  Byron],  Rock  Island  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Is- 
land; 1852. 
\V.  Dalzell,  vS.  vS.,  1852-4;   S.  E.  McKee,  1857-9;    S.  S.  Ralston,  1S61-7; 
R.  S.   Campbell,  S.  S.,   1870-2;    S.  H.  Weed,   1874-7;   J.  M.  Moore, 
S.  S.,  1879-81  ;  J.  A.  Gehrett,  1883-4. 

Pleasant  Valley  [Dutch  Creek],  Keokuk  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk; 
1846. 

J.  T.  Tate,  1854-70  and  '75-84;  J.  Lackey,  1871-5  ;  R.  Hood,  S.  S., 
1884-5. 

Pleasant  Valley,  Marion  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  April  21,  1877. 
J.  Taylor,  S.  S.,  1878-81 ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  S.  S.,  1882- 

Pleasant  Valley,  Whitman  Co.,  Wash.  Ter. ;  Oregon;  May  i, 

1885. 
J.  Alter,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Pleasant  Valley,   Allen   Co.,   Ind. ;  Northern  Indiana;  May, 

1885. 

Plum  Creek,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  May  12,  1849. 
S.  Browne,  1853-65;  S.  Browne,  S.  S.,  1871-8;  J.  Given,  1879- 

Plumer,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  March  18,  1870. 
J.  L.  Robertson,  1870-4 ;  J.  L.  Clark,  1876-83. 

Plymouth,  Lyon  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  July  31,  1869. 

D.  T.  McAuley,  S.  S.,  1870-3;  J.  Taylor,  S.  S.,  1876-7;  J.  Barnett,  S.  S., 
1878-81. 

Poland,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  1804. 

J.  Duncan,  1804-15;  R.  Douglass.  1820-3;  D.  Goodwillie,  1826-59;  J;  M. 
Henderson,  1S59-65;  T.  W.  Winter,  1866-72;  W.  T.  McConnell,  1873- 
82;  H.  H.  Houston,  1885-  [Church  removed  to  Struthers  1885.] 

Portersville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1841. 

W.  Douthett,  1841-9;  J.N.  Smith,  1853-7;  A.  Irons,  1859-63;  J.  M. 
Donaldson,  1S65-70;  W.  Galbraith,  1872-3;  J.  A.  Clark,  1876- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  l8l 

Port  Huron,  St.  Clair  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  Aug.  19,  1868. 

T.  Bracken,  1869-72;  T.  W.  Monteith,  1873-86;  T.  A.  Scott,  1887- 

Portland,  Park  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  April  29,  1859. 

W.  G.  Spencer,  1865-77;  J-  K.  Black,  1883- 

Portland.  Ore.;  Oregon;  April  24,  1884. 

W.  R.  Stevenson,  1884- 

Power,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  April  17,  1865. 

D.  Donuan,  1866- 

Pratt  Creek,  Benton  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  1865. 

W.  A.  Pollock,  1865-72;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1873-4;  J.  R.  Doig,  1875-S1  ;  D. 
W.  McLaue,  1883- 

Pretty  Prairie,  Kingman  Co.,  Kan,;  Arkansas  Valley;  March 

23,  1876. 

E.  C.  Cooper,  1878-85. 

Princeton,  Ind.;    Princeton;    Ref.   Pres.,   1816;   Asso.,    1834; 
Asso.  Ref.,  1835. 

[Ref.  Pres.,  and  after  1870  United  Presbyterian]  J.  Kell,  1820-38;  G.  Mc- 
Master,  1840-6;  J.  McMaster,  1846-74;  [Asso.]  J.  h.  McLean,  1S39-43 ; 
[Asso.  Ref.]  S.  C.  Baldridge,  1837-53;  J.  L.  Craig,  1854-65;  [United 
Presbyterian  after  1858;]  S.  F.  Clark,  1S70-4;  [consolidated  1874]  ;  W. 
H.  McMaster,  1874-82 ;  J.  A.  Gordon,  1883- 

Prospect,  Butler  Co. ,  Pa.;  Butler;  1835. 

W.  Findley,  1837-56;  J.  A.  Clark,  1859- 

Prosperity,  Randolph  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  May,  1867. 

J.  R.  Finney,  1868-73;  J-  M.  McKitrick,  1873-80;  R.  E.  Wilkin,  1883- 

Providence,  R,  I.;  Boston;  May,  1847. 

J.  Sanderson,  1849-53 ;  A.  Thomas'  1855-7 ;  J-  T.  Robb,  1S60-73 ;   M-  S. 
*       McCord,  1874- 

Puckety,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  1795. 

J.  McConnell,  1811-33 ;  J.  G.  Fulton,  1838-9;  W.  A.  McKinney,  1840- 
42;  J.  W.  Duff,  1843-8;  J.  C.  Bryson,  1850-4;  J.  Given,  1859-73, 
M.  M.  Patterson,  1875-83 ;  C.  H.  Marshall,  1885- 

Pulaski    [Crocker],   Crawford    Co.,    Mo.;  Southern    Illinois; 
March  9,  1879. 

N.  A.  Whitehill,  188 1-3. 

Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  1803. 

J.  Millar,  1819-26;  A.  Gordon,  1828-42;  I.  Law,  1847-61;  T.  Lawrence, 
1862-7;  S.  Bigger,  1868-80;  E.  D.  Campbell,   1S81-4;  J.  A.  Reynolds, 

1885- 

Putnam,  Fayette  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  1868. 
D.  Todd,  S.  S.,  1868-71 ;  A.  McMillan,  1876-84. 

Raccoon,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  1823. 

J.  Prestley,  1837-40;  J.J.  Buchanan,  1842-4;  R.Armstrong,  1847-52; 
W.  L.  Wilson,  1859-62;  J.  W.  Witherspoon,  1863-6;  J.'  P.  Sharp 
1870-83;  H.  W.  Miller,  1884- 

Rankin  [Sugar  Branch],  Vermillion  Co.,   111.;   Central  Illi- 
nois; Nov.  13,  1867. 

J.  D.  Whitham,  1S67-70;  J.  T.  Torrence,  1875-83. 

Red  House,  St.  Clair  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  1868. 

W.  T.  Rawson,  S.  S.,  1868-70;  W.  Robertson,  S.  S.,  1870-5, 


l82  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Red  Oak,  Montgomery  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Nov.  i, 
1871. 
N.  E.  Wade,  S.  S.,  1871-2 ;  S.  W.  Lorimer,  1876-7 ;  W.  R.  Cox,  1880-6. 

Reeseville,  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1867. 

W.  A.  Robb,  1867-82. 

Remington,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Aug.  29,  1870. 
J.  C.  Evans,  1872-9;  J.  J.  Imbrie,  S.  S.,  1879-82;  John  Patterson,  S.  S., 
1885- 
Reynoldsburgli  [Truro],  Franklin  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  1817. 

'S.  McLean,  1827-8;  D.  Lindsay,  1834-7;  R.  Forrester,  1838-61;  J.  W. 
McNary,  1863-72;  J.  M.  McArthur,  1874-7;  R.  H.  Park,  1878-84; 
J.  K.  Martin,  1886- 

Reynoldsville,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  1872. 
W.  J.  Cooper,  1878-S0. 

Rich  Hill,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1810. 

J.Dickie,  181 1-49;  W.Smith,  1851-60;  T.  M.  Seaton,  1863-70;  J.  L. 
Grove,  1872-84. 

Richland,  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  April,  1839. 

J.  N.  Pressly,  1839-51  ;  N.  C.  McDill,  1852- 

Richland,  Linn  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  Aug.,  1863. 

W.  R.  Erskine,  S.  S.,  1872-3;  J.  A.  Shannon,  1884- 

Richmond  [Yellow  Creek],  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  vSteubenville; 
1803. 

G.  Buchanan,  1811-12;  H.  Parks,  1832-7;  W.  Lorimer,  183S-58;  J.  H. 
Peacock,  1859-67;  J.  B.  Borland,  1871-87. 

Richmond,  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.;  ist  Ohio;  April,  1830. 

W.  M.  Boyse,  1833-53 ;  A.  Aten,  1858-66 ;  N.  E.  Wade,  1866-9 ;  J.  W. 
Clokey,  1870-2 ;  E.  C.  Simpson,  1874-81 ;  A.  Gilchrist,  1882- 

Richmond,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  April  13,  1875. 

J.  Given,  1876- 

Richmond,  Franklin  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  June  18,  1884. 

S.  W.  Gilkey,  1884-5. 

Ridge,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  Sept.  i,  1846. 

J.  McGill,  1846-8;  T.Brown,  1850-9;  J.  C.  Brownlee,  1854-5;  S.  C. 
Reid,  1856-9;  J.  Patterson,  1861-7 ;  W.  C.  Somers,  1869-74;  J.  T. 
Campbell,  1875- 

Robinson  [part  of  Montours],  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Frank- 
fort; Sept.  1833. 

W.  Wilson,  1833-42;  J.  Scott,  1843-5;  J.  G.  Rankin,  1849-68;  W.  R. 
McKee,  1869- 

Robinson's  Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  1790. 

J.  Riddell,  1794-1829;  M.Kerr,  1834-5;  W.Burnett,  1836-8;  J.  Grier, 
1839-78;  J.  W.  English,  1879- 

Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  1848. 

J.  Van  Eaton,  1849-53  ;  W.  T.  McAdam,  1854-7 ;  T.  F.  Boyd,  1857-62 ; 
J.  P.  Sankey,  1864- 

Rock  Island,  111.;  Rock  Island;  July  4,  1854. 

J.  R.  McCalister,  S.  S.,  1854-60;  W.  H.  Jeffers,  i86a-i  ;  H.  Wallace, 
1863-71  ;  J.  A.  Reynolds,  1872-85  ;  J.  H.  Brown,  1885- 

Rock  Prairie,  Rock  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  March  5,  1867. 

R.  G.  Wallace,  1867-73 ;  D.  McLachlau,  1875-86. 


WITH    THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  183 

Rock  Run,  Stephenson  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  Sept.,  1846. 

N.H.Brown,  1864-5;  A.  vSmith,  1866-9;  T.E.Turner,  S.  S.,  1875-7; 
J.  G.  Stewart,  1884-7. 

Rock  Valley,   Sioux  Co.,   Iowa;   College  Spring.s;   Aug.    12, 
1883. 

W.  J.  Graham,  1883-4 ;  C.  h.  McCracken,  1887- 

Rocky  Spring,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  1827. 

M.  Kerr,  1828-30;  T.  L.  Speer,  1840-3;  S.  Patterson,  1S49- 

Romine  Prairie,  Marion  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1870. 

J.  W.  Long,  1876- 

Rome,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicotlie;  July,  1862. 

By  supplies. 

Rome,  Fairbault  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  Oct.  28,  1871. 

E.  A.  Brownlee,  1872- 

Rometown,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  Dec,  1878. 

H.  H.  McMaster,  S.  S.,  1878-81. 

Roney's  Point,  Ohio  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  Wheeling;  1871. 

M.  M.  Marling,  1871-85. 

Roseville,  Placer  Co.,  Cal. ;  San  Francisco;  Jan.  30,  1873. 

D.  Morrow,  S.  vS.,  1873-6;  J.  H.  Niblock,  S.  S.,  1877-8;  D.  S.  McHenry, 
S.  S.,  1880-1  ;  G.  T.  Scott,  S.  S.,  1885-6. 

Rush  Creek,  Fairfield  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1803. 

A.  Craig,  1808-25;  B.  Waddle,  1829-36;  E.  B.  Calderhead,  1841-61 ;  J.  H. 
Buchanan,  1862-4;  R.  H.  Boyd,  1875-82;  R.  S.  McClenahan,  1883-6. 

Rushsylvania,  Logan  Co.,  O.,   Sidney;  Dec.  21,  1875. 
A.  Smith,  S.  S.,  1875-6;  J.  W.  Kerr,  1880-5. 

Rushville,  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  Oct.  i,  1879. 

A.  P.  Hutchison,  1881-5  ;  S.  R.  Frazier,  1886-6;  N.  L.  Heidger,  1887- 

Ryegate,  Caledonia  Co.,  Vt. ;  Vermont;  1790. 

D.  Goodwillie,  1790-1822  ;  T.  Ferrier,  1822-5  ;  W.  Pringle,  1830-52  ;  G.  M. 
Wiley,  1863-7;  W.  Bruce,  1868-70;  H.  Brown,  S.  S.,  1870-2;  A.  Y. 
Houston,  1873-5;  J.  B.  Clapperton,  1876-81;  D.  Harris,  1886- 

St.  Charles,  Madison  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Feb.  19,  1855. 

A.  J.  Graham,  1869-72  ;  G.  P.  Raitt,  1874-84  ;  W.  R.  Baldridge,  1887- 

St.  Clair,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela;  1804. 

J.  Kerr,  1804-25  ;  J.  Dickey,  1830-9 ;  A.  H.  Wright,  1842-6 ;  J.  Clokey, 
1848-55;  J-  C.  Boyd,  1858- 

St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1830. 

H.  Parks,  1832-40 ;  A.  Young,  1842-57  ;  J.  B.  Johnston,  1859-74  ;  T.  Balph, 
1875- 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  ist  Church;  Southern  Illinois;  March,  1840. 

J.  B.  Scouller,  S.  S.,  1842-3;  H.  H.  Johnston,  1844-7;  T.  M.  Cunning- 
ham, 1853-7;  J.  McLean,  1857-62;  J.  G.  Armstrong,  1863-9;  H.  W. 
Crabbe,  1869-72;  J.  A.  Wilson,  1876-86;  D.  C.  Stewart,  1887- 

St.  Louis,  Grand  Avenue;  Southern  Illinois;  Oct.  22,  1883. 

T.  C.  McKelvey,  S.  S.,  1883-5;  D.  Livingston,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  July  23,  1751. 

Organized  in  Ireland  and  came  to  Salem  1766;  T.  Clark,  1751-82;  J. 
Proudfit,  1783-1802;  A.  Proudfit,  1795-1835;  J.  Lillie,  1836-7;  E. 
Halley,  1838-48;  T.  T.  Farrington,  1850-7;  J.  C.  Forsyth, '1858-70; 
W.  A.  Mackenzie,  187 1- 


184  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Salem,  Boone  Co,,  Ind. ;  Northern  Indiana;  1837. 

J.  H.  Bonner,  1841-4;  J.  D.  Glenn.  1854-8;  J.  R.  BeH,  1861-70;  J.  D. 
Glenn,  1870-4 ;  J.  McCrea,  1876-9 ;  C.  Murch,  1882-3 ;  S.  H.  McDill, 
1887- 

Salinas,  Monterey  Co.,  Cal. ;  San  Francisco;  Dec,  1869. 

W.  H.  Wilson,  1869-72  ;  G.  McCormick,  1873- 

Salineville  [North  Branch  of  Yellow  Creek],  Columbiana  Co. , 
O. ;  Stenbenville;  1837. 

J.  Donaldson,  8.  S.,  1839-44;  W.  H.  Jamison,  1S46-54  ;  J.  Golden,  1857- 
60;  J.  Boyd,  1861-8;  S.  M.  Coon,  1871-82;  W.J.  Graham,  1884-6; 
G.  B.  Smith,  1887- 

Saltsburg,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Sept.,  1827. 

Supplies;  O.  Katz,  1861-86. 

Salt  Creek,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1836. 
B.  Waddle,  1836-49;  J.  Comin,  1851-87. 

Sandy  [Sandy  Creek],  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1841. 

H.  H.  Thompson,  1847-55  ;  J-  Burrows,  1858-60;  L.  I.  Crawford,  1870-4; 
N.  Winegart,  1878-85. 

Sandy  Lake  [Rocky  Spring],  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1810. 
J.  Walker,  1811-14;  I.  Beggs,  1823-36;  E.  Small,  1839-61  ;  J.  A.  Bailey, 
1863-7;  L.  L  Crawford,  1870-9;  J.  C.  Herron,  1884- 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  ist  Church;  San  Francisco;  Jan.  7,  1866. 

J.  T.  Cooper,  S.  S.,  1865-6;  M.  M.  Gibson,  1867- 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  2d  Ch. ;  San  Francisco;  May  18,  1883. 
T.  B.  Stewart,  1883- 

San  Jose,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  Cal. ;  San  Francisco;  Nov.  6,  1874. 

A.  Calhoun,  1874- 

Santa  Ana,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  Cal.;  San  Francisco;  Dec.  26, 

1876. 
D.  S.  McHenry,  S.  S.,  1876-8;  T.  J.  C.  Webster,  1879- 

Savannah  [Vermillion],  Ashland  Co.,   O. ;   Mansfield;  Sept. 

1831. 

(Asso.  Ref.,  J.  Arbuthnot,  1832-39;  A.  Miller,   1842-4;  J.  Andrews,  1844- 

51).    (Asso.  1837;  J.  Ashenhust,    1856-9;)  W.Bruce,  S.  S.,    1861-2  ;  R. 

Stewart,  S.  S.,   1865-6;    S.  M.   Coon,  S.  S.,   1866-71;    W.  F.  Miller, 

1872-82  ;  J.  A.  Sherrard,  1883-4;  J.  Stevenson,  1885- 

Savanna,  Carroll  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  Ap.  1887. 
Scioto,  Jackson  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  Sept.  28,  1848. 

T.  Mercer,  1871-3;  J.  B.  Gowdy,  S.  S.,  1882- 

Scottdale,  Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;  Westmoreland;  July  22, 

1875- 

J.  A.  Nelson,  until  organization;  Supplies;  R.  B.  Taggart,  1879-81; 
J.  M.  Moore,  1885- 

Scotch  Grove,  Jones  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  1856, 

A.  J.  Allen,  1857-64;  W.  D.  Ralston,  1865-84;  G.  W.  Morrison,  1887-7. 

Scotch  Hill  [Wolf  Creek],  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1837. 

J.  Green,  1837-46;  W.  C.  Pollock,  S.  S.,  1855-60;  D.  Forsyth,  1860-7; 
W.  Cooke,  1873-80;  J.  J.  Imbrie,  1883-7. 

Scotch  Ridge,  Wood  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1842. 

J.  Miller,  S.  S.,  1843-7;  J.  Duff,  1851-69;  S.  C.  Hubbell,  1871-7;  J.  T. 
Caldwell,  1880- 


WITH  THEIR   HISTORICAL  RECORD.  185 

Scotch  Valley,  Pawnee  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  1872. 

J.  R.  McCready,  1873-80. 

Scotland  [Ruhamah],  Greene  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  1847. 

J.  Ingles,  1858- 

Scroggsfield,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ;  Stenbenville;  1818. 

J.Donaldson,  1823-34;  J.  Patterson,  1837-54;  J.  S.  Easton,  1855-66; 
W.  R.  Erskine,  1867-70;  W.  C.  Dunn,  1871- 

Service,  Monroe  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1857. 

J.  Hadden,  1866-9;  S.  C.  Marshall,  1870-7;  J.  Pattison,  1880-4;  J-  Boyd, 

1887- 

Service  [Mill  Creek],  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Frankfort;  about  1790. 

J.  Anderson,  1792-1830;  W.  M.  McElwee,  1833-51;  D.  W.  Carson, 
1852-77;  J.  C.  Roe,  1879-83;  W.  J.  Golden,  1885- 

Sewickley,  Westmoreland  Co. ,  Pa. ;  Westmoreland. 

A  society  was  formed  1780,  but  after  a  few  years  was  discontinued  ; 
organized  1805  ;  M.  Dick,  1806-36 ;  R.  Gailey,  1839-49 ;  D.  H.  Pollock, 
1854-60;  W.  Iv.  McConnell,  1860-5;  J.  D.  Walkinshaw,  1865-9;  W.  R. 
Stevenson,  1872-81;  J.  A.  Lawrence,   1884-6;  D.  M.  Thorn,  1887- 

Sewickley,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  May  3,  1864. 

W.  A.  Mackenzie,  1865-71;  D.  S.  Kennedy,  1872-8;  W.  L.  Wallace, 
1879-86. 

Sharon,  Wells  Co.,  Ind.;  Northern  Indiana;  1842. 

S.  C.  Baldridge,  1863-6 ;  Supplies ;  A.  K.  Strane,  1881-5. 

Sharon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Mercer;  1858. 

B.  K.  Ormond,  1858-80;  J.  A.  Bailey,  1883- 

Shavertown,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Aug.  11,  1886. 
Shelocta,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  Nov.  i,  1856. 
B.  Porter,  1856-76;  J.  B.  Jackson,  1877- 

Shenango,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1800. 

D.  McLean,  1800-55;  J- A.  Collins,  1858-63;  J.  B.  Waddell,  1866-71; 
J.  Armstrong,  1875-7 ;  D.  F.  Dickson,  1880-3 ;  J-  C.  Herron,  1884- 

Shenango,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  1801. 

J.  Galloway,  1811-18;  J.  L.  Dinwiddie,  1820-34;  J.  M.  Galloway, 
1837-8 ;  T.  Mehard,  1841-5 ;  R.  A.  Browne,  1846-59 ;  W.  Findlay, 
1859-66;  R.  T.  McCrea,  1869-74;  A.  Y.  Houston,  S.  S.,  1876-9; 
J.  J.  Inibrie,  S.  S.,  1879-82. 

Shiloh,  Henry  Co.,  Ind.;  Indiana;  Sept.  16,  1832. 

J.  N.  Pressly,  1838-40;  W.  Lind,  1841-6;  S.  Millen,  1847-9;  R-  E.  Stew- 
art, 1850-5;  J.  F.  Hutchison,  1857-66;  H.  W.  Crabbe,  1868-9;  T.  P. 
Dysart,  1869-73;  S.  M.  Bailey,  1877-81;  J.  A.  Pollock,  1882-86. 

Shiloh,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  April  12,  1864. 

W.  R.  Hutchison,  1864-73;  J-  M.  Imbrie,  1875-8;  S.  B.  Stewart,  1882- 

Shushan,  see  East  Salem. 

Sialkot,  Punjab,  India;  Sialkot;  Dec.  26,  1856. 

Sidney,  Shelby  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Oct.,  1829. 

J.  Reynolds,  S.  S.,  1829-31;  J.  C.  Porter,  S.  S.,  1834-36;  S.  Sturgeon,, 
1S37-40;  C.  T.  McCaughan,  1841-57;  J.  G.  Armstrong,  1859-63;  M.  M. 
Gibson,  1S64-7 ;  J.  W.  Bain,  1867-8;  J.  A.  Bailey,  1869-76;  R.  J. 
Miller,  1878-80 ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1881-2 ;  J.  P.  Sharp,  1883- 

Silver  Creek,  Hardin  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  Oct.  20,  1881. 
J.  A.  Henderson,  S.  S.,  1881-3;  J.  E.  Kerr,  1885- 

13 


l86  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Sinnoris;  Egypt;  March  25,  1873. 

Slippery  Rock  [The  Mouth  of  Wolf  Creek],  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
Butler;  1809. 

A.Murray,  1811-46;  J.  D.  Wolf,  1848-55;  A.  R.  Rankin,  1857-61; 
N.  E.  Brown,  1866-86 ;  M.  B.  Patterson,  1887- 

Smith's  Creek  [Smyrna],  Warren  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  1854. 
S.  Millen,  1856-69;  R.  E.  Wilkin,  1875-82;  E.  F.  Reid,  S.  S.,  1882- 

Smyrna,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  1845. 

S.  Brown,  1853-65 ;  D.  W.  McLane,  1871-5 ;  D.  H.  Blair,  1877-83. 

Somerville,  Gibson  Co.,  Ind. ;  Princeton;  June  2,  i860. 

R.  Gray,  S.  S.,  1862,  and  pastor  until  1866;  J.  McCrea,  1868-73;  W.  G. 
Spencer,  S.  S.,  1877-82;  A.  S.  Montgomery,  S.  S.,  1884- 

Somonauk,  DeKalb  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  March  18,  1846. 

R.  W.  French,  1848-60;  W.  T.  Moffett,  1861-77;  D-  S.  Kennedy,  1878- 

South  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  Aug.  17,  1785. 

T.  Beveridge,  1789-98;  R.  Laing,  1805-11 ;  P.  Bullions,  1818-25;  J.  P. 
Miller,  1829-51;  J.  Thompson,  1852-3;  J.  A.  Du£f,  1857-60;  J.  H. 
Andrew,  1864-74;  A.  W.  Morris,  1875- 

South  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1811. 

D.  French,  1811-52;  J.  G.  Carson,  1856-67;  A.  McLachlan,  1873- 

Southfield,  Oakland  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  April  16,  1850. 

J.  M.  Smeallie,  1852-60;  W.  Robertson,  1861-8 ;  R.  M.  Patterson,  1868- 
70;  J.  P.  Gibson,  1874-84;  J.  A.  Sherrard,  1885- 

South  Henderson,  Henderson  Co.,  111.;  Monmouth;  1835. 

J.  L.  Freetly,  1842-6;  R.  Ross,  1849-57;  J.  A.  P.  McGaw,  1858-67; 
S.  W.  Lorimer,  1868-75 ;  A.  Renwick,  1876- 

Sparta,  Randolph  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1836. 

W.  M.  Graham,  1844-7;    D-  MacDill,  1849-56;   J.  F.   Stewart,   1857-70; 
W.  J.  Gillespie,  1870-7;  J.  W.  McNary,  1878-85;    H.  R.   McClelland, 
1886- 
Spring  Creek,  Christian  Co.,  111.;  Central  Illinois;  1853. 

N.  H.  Brown,  1865-9;   J-  V.  Pringle,  S.  S.,  1874-7;   I-  A.  Wilson,  S.  S., 
1878-85. 
Springdale,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  Nov.  4,  1873. 
W.  G.  Reed,  1875- 

Springfield,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1810. 

J.  Walker,  1811-14;  I.  Beggs,  1827-36;  E.  Small,  1839-61;  S.  C.  Reid, 
1865-78 ;  W.  B.  Barr,  1879-85 ;  J.  P.  Davis,  1886- 

Springfield,  Clarke  Co.,  O. ;  Xenia;  about  1816. 

J.Steele,  1817-36;  J.  F.  Sawyer,  1837-48;  R.  W.  Henry,  1850-3;  J. 
Clokey,  1855-75 ;  J.  Kyle,  1877- 

Springfield,  Randolph  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1812. 

J.  Reynolds,  1826-9;  S.  C  Baldridge,  1830-6;  J.  McAuley,  1839-47; 
M.  M.  Brown,  1849-54;  J.  W.  Glenn,  1855-66;  J.  Todd,  1870-2;  S.  B. 
Moore,  1873-83. 

Spring  Hill  [New  Zion],  Decatur  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  July  30, 

1825. 

J.  Worth,  1830-52;  J.  R.  Walker,  1852-67;  S.  A.  Taggart,  1868-68;  W. 
Johnston,  1871-6;  W.  M.  Richie,  1877-9;  A.  S.  Vincent,  1880- 

Stamford,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Dec,  1792. 

W.  McAuley,  1795-1809;  R.Forrest,  1810-43;  J-  D.  Gibson,  1845-86; 
F.  B.  Murch,  1887- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL  RECORD.  1 87 

Stamford,  Ontario,  Can.;  Stamford;  1824. 

J.  Russell,  1826-54;  D-  H.  Goodwillie,  1855-61;  J.  McGill,  1863-73;  R. 
Acheson,  1874- 

Stanwood  [Fremont],  Cedar  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  1868. 

J.  S.  Buchanan,  1868-70;  W.  Lorimer,  1870-2;  D.  Forsyth,  1873-7; 
T.  H.  Brown,  1880-84 ;  W.  F.  Johnston,  1885- 

Sterling,  Rice  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  May  27,  1877. 

R.  J.  Thompson,  1882-4 ;  A.  J.  Hanna,  1885- 

Sterling,  Burleigh  Co.,  Dak.;  Omaha;  June  15,  1884. 
G.  W.  Hamilton,  S.  S.,  1886- 

Sterling  Valley,  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  1820. 

D.  Currie,  1826-42,  1846-53;  J.  Edgar,  1859-74;  R.  H.  Hume,  1876-82; 
A.  W.  Lytle,  1884- 

Steubenville,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1805. 

G.  Buchanan,  181 1-55;  J.  K.  Andrews,  1856-63;  J.  W.  Clokey,  1864-8; 
T.  J.  Kennedy,  1870-3 ;  S.  J.  Stewart  1874-7 ;  W.  S.  Owens,  1877-86 ; 
W.  R.  Harshaw,  1887- 

Stewart's  Station,   Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;  Westmoreland; 
Jan.  5,  1869. 

D.  A.  Duff,  1871-9;  A.  D.  McCarrell,   1881- 

Stone  Valley,  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa. ;  Big  Spring;  1801. 
T.  Smith,  181 1-25;  J.  S.  Easton,  1836-55;  J.  M.  Adair,  1859- 

Stowe,  Summit  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  Sept.  15,  1833, 

J.  W.  Logue,  1843-83;  J.  T.  Torrence,  1859-60;  W.Wallace,  1885-87. 

Suft,  Egypt;  1879. 

Sugar  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  Ohio;  Xenia;  Asso.,  Sept.  2,  1804; 
Asso.  Ref ,  1845. 

[Asso.]  R.  Armstrong,  1804-11;  F.  Pringle,  1814-18 ;  T.  Beveridge, 
1821-4;  J.  Templeton,  1830-8;  G.  M.  Hall,  1839-45;  C.  Cummins, 
1846-53;  [Asso.  Ref.]  H.  H.  Johnston,  1848-51;  R.  W.  Henry, 
1853-5;  R.  E.  Stewart,  1856-60;  consolidated,  i860;  J.  B.  McMichael, 
1862-78 ;  W.  S.  McClure,  1881- 

Sugar  Grove,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  June,  1870. 

J.  Burrows,  1870-86. 

Sugar  Run,  Union  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1841. 

R.  Forrester,  S.  S.,  1841-3;  I.  N.  Laughead,  1843-64;  J.  W.  Taylor, 
1865-7  ;  J-  Gilmore,  1871-4;  D.  M.  Gordon,  1875-8  ;  E.  E.  Cleland,  1878- 

Summerset,  Warren  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1853.' 

T.  P.  Dysart,  1863-7 ;  J-  Boyd,  1869-77 ;  T.  B.  McKee,  1881-7. 

Summit,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  Jan.  14,  1874. 

S.  M.  Black,  1875-7 ;  A.  S.  Abbey,  1879-85. 

Sunbeam  [Pope  Creek],  Mercer  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  1852. 

M.  Bigger,  1854-60;  J.  H.  Nash,  1861-76;  D.  F.  Mustard,  1877-84. 

Sunbury,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Jan.  19,  1842. 

W.  p.  Breaden,  1845-80;  R.  C.  Dodds,  1883-85. 

Sunny  Dale,  Sedgwick  Co.,  Kan.;  Arkansas  Valley;  May  17, 

1877. 
W.  C.  Somers,  1877-83 ;  H.  T.  Ferguson,  1884- 

Superior,  Nuckolls  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  Oct.  29,  1884. 

J.  McCrea,  1886- 


1 88  AI.PHABETICAI.  LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Susquehanna,    Indiana    Co.,    Pa.;    Brookville;    Pres.,    1844; 
became  Asso.,  1854. 
[Pres.]  D.  Mills,  1844-51 ;  [Asso.]  J.  L.  Purdy,  1854-9;  J-  Given,  1876- 

Sutton,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass;  Boston;  1856. 

J.  Williamsou,  1S56-64;  P.  Y.  Smith,  1866-85;  W.  Galbraith,  1886- 

Sycamore  [Mill  Creek],  Warren  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1798. 

J.  Warwick,  1799-1800 ;  J.  Graham,  1830-4;  P.  Monfort,  1836-46  ;  H.  Allen, 
1847-55  ;  R-  K.  Campbell,  1856-65  ;  H.  Y.  Leiper,  1867-9 ;  J-  H.  Elliott, 
1870-80;  S.  A.  Buck,  1880-3;  R-  S.  McClenahan,  1887- 

Talleycavey,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  July  13,  1868. 

Supplies,  1868-78;  D.  R.  Imbrie,  1878-84;  R.  H.  Park,  1885- 

Tarentum,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  1835. 

J.  G.  Fulton,  1838-9;  J.  Gilmore,  1842-56;  J.  H.  Timmons,  1860-84; 
D.  R.  McDonald,  1885- 

Tarkio,  Atchison  Co.,  Mo.;  College  Springs;  June,  1881. 

R.  H.  Barnes,  1882-5 ;  W.  P.  McNary,  1886- 

Taylorstown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  Aug.  2,  1872. 

J.  Morrow,  1873-83 ;  T.  P.  Proudfit,  1884- 

Telfer,  Ontario,  Can.;  Stamford;  1830. 

J.  B.  Wilson,  1855-67  ;  J.  Weir,  1869-73;  J.  C.  Herron,  1879-83. 

Thompsonville,   Hartford  Co.,   Conn.;  New  York;  Dec.   22, 

1845- 
P.  Gordon,  1847-52;  J.  McLaughlan,  1854-8;  J.  M.  Heron,   1858-61  ;  G. 
M.  Hall,  1868-71 ;  C.  L.  McCracken,  1873-84;  R.  N.  Hammond,  1885- 

Thornville,  Perry  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1829. 

B.  Waddle,  1829-36;  E.  B.  Calderhead,  1841-61 ;  J.  H.  Buchanan, 
1862-4;  R.  H.  Boyd,  1875-82;  R.  S.  McClenahan,  1883-6. 

Tingley,  Union  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  July  12,  1883. 
Tionesta,  Forrest  Co.,  Pa.;  Brookville;  Jan.  26,  1884. 
Tippecanoe,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1876. 

J.  W.  Taylor,  1876-85. 

Topeka,  Kan.;  Kansas;  Dec.  17,  1870. 

J.  T.  Wilson,  S.  S.,  1870-2;  yearly  Supplies,  1872-9;  W.  E.  Dunlap, 
S.  S.,  1879-82  ;  M.  F.  McKirahan,  S.  S.,  1882-6,  pastor,  1886- 

Toronto  [vSloan's  Station],  Jefferson  Co.,   O. ;  Steubenville; 
March  12,  1870. 
J.  H.  Leiper,  1874-6;  J.  Buchanan,  S.  S.,  1880- 

Traer,  Tama  Co.,  Iowa;  Cedar  Rapids;  Feb.  25,  1875. 
D.  Livingston,  1876-85;  J.  M.  Henderson,  1886- 

Tranquillity  [West  Fork],  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  1807. 

W.  Baldridge,  1809-30;  R.  Stewart,  1832-S;  J.  Graham,  1841-9;  M. 
Morrison,  1850-6;  J.  Gilmore,  1S57-71 ;  T.  Stewart,  1871-8;  W.  Wal- 
lace, 1879-81  ;  J.  A.  Renwick,  1882-87. 

Troy,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  1834. 

p.  Bullions,  1834-64;  H.  P.  McAdam,  1865-71;  R.  D.Williamson,  1872- 

Troy,  Oakland  Co.,  Mich.;  Detroit;  April  18,  1850. 

J.  M.  Smeallie,  1852-60;  W.  Robertson,  1S61-8;  R.  M.  Patterson,  1868- 
70;  J.  P.  Gibson,  1874-84;  J.  A.  Sherrard,  1885- 

Tumlinson's  Run,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  Frankfort;  March  18,  1834. 

J.  McCarroU,  1837-54;  M.  Ormond,  1859-67;  A.  I.  Young,  1869-72; 
J.  P.  Davis,  1872-4;  S.  C.  Reid,  1879-82;  W.  H.  Lytle,  1884-7. 


WITH  THEIR  HISTORICAL  RECORD.  1 89 

Turtle  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  Westmoreland;  June,  1829. 

M.Dick,  1829-35;  J.Osborne,  1836-51;  J.  G.  Fulton,  1852-9;  D.  H. 
Pollock,  1860-9;  S.  A.  Taggart,  1870-1 ;  A.  I.  Young,  1872-85;  R.  A. 
Gilfillan,  18S6- 

Tuscarara,  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.;  Big  Spring;  1800. 

T.  Smith,  1801-32;  J.  vShields,  1835-62;  J.  McKee,  assistant  and  S.  S., 
1858-64 ;  J.  A.  McGill,  1865-85 ;  J.  B.  Work,  1886- 

Ulysses,  Butler  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  Dec.  i,  1883. 
Union  [Lower  Robinson's  Run],  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  Monon- 
gahela;  1794. 
J.  Riddell,  1794-1816;  M.  Kerr,  1819-28;  A.  S.  Fulton,  1833-9;  J-  Ekin, 
1839-53;    W.   McMillan,    1855-7;    ^-   Marks,   1860-7;  J-   D.    Turner, 
1868-74;  J-  A.  Douthett,  1876- 

Union,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,   Butler;  1806. 

[Ref.  Pres.]  M.  Williams,  1808-25;  T.  C.  Guthrie,  1826-45;  A.  Walker, 
1851-4;  [U.  P.]  R.  M.  Patterson,  1861-7 ;  R.  G.  Young,  1871-5;  R.  P. 
McClester,  1880- 

Union,  Randolph  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1828. 

J.  Reynolds,  1828-9;  S.  C.  Baldridge,  1830-6;  J.  McAuley,  1839-43;  W. 
M.  Graham,  1844-7;  D.  MacDill,  1849-56;  J.  F.  vStewart,  1857-60;  H. 
Allen,  1860-5;  M.  M.  Marling,  1865-70;  T.  P.  Proudfit,  1872-83;  W. 
J.  Gillespie,  1884-6. 

Union,  Westmoreland  Co.,   Pa.;  Conemaugh;  Aug.   7,   1858. 

J.  D.  Walkinshaw,  1860-5 ;  S.  B.  McBride,  1870-7  ;  R.  A.  Jamison,  1878- 

Union,  Madison  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Sept.  4,  1869. 

C.  T.  McCaughan,  1869-75  ;  J.  Sawhill,  1877- 

Union,  Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn. ;  Tennessee;  Jan.  9,  1886. 

J.  A.  Myers,  S.  S.,  1886- 

Uniontown  [Upper  Wheeling],  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling; 
1805. 

A.  Calderhead,  1808-13;  W.  Taggart,  1814-55;  D-  F-  Reid,  1857-64; 
[Asso.  Ref.  vSynod,  W.  S.  Moffatt,  1869-81;]  R.  G.  Campbell,  1870-81; 
J.  C.  Scouller,  1883- 

Unionville  [Darby],  Union  Co.,  O. ;  Sidney;  1826. 

J.  Wallace,  18-52-9;  I.  N.  Laughead,  1843-64;  J.  W.  Taylor,  1865-7; 
J.  Gilmore,  1871-4;  D.  M.  Gordon,  1875-8;  E.  E.  Cleland,  1878- 

Unity,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  Wheeling;  1815. 

J.  Walker,  1815-45;  W.  Wishart,  1847-68;  W.  G.  Waddle,  1869- 

Unity,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  April  2,  1833. 
W.  Conner,  1837-49 ;  J.  Kelso,  1852-72 ;  E.  Z.  Thomas,  1873- 

Unity,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  1846. 

J.  Arbuthnot,  1854-66;  J.Stewart,  1867-71;  J.  P.  Finney,  1871-6;  E. 
McKee,  1877-85 ;  J.  K.  Montgomery,  1887- 

Unity,  Butler  Co.,  O. ;  ist  Ohio;  1849. 

P.  Monfort,  1850-9 ;  J.  Welsh,  1860-2 ;  J.  I,.  Aten,   1864-75  ;  R.  C.  Fin- 
ney, 1878-87. 
Unity,  Mahaska  Co.  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Dec.  2,  1867. 

W.  Gilbraith,  1869-70 ;  J.  Gilmore,  1876-82  ;  J.  C.  Calhoun,  S.  S.,  1884-5  ; 
A.  R.  Munford,  1886- 

Unity,  Tama  Co.,  la.;  Cedar  Rapids;  1887. 
Utica,  Licking  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  about  1849. 

J.  H.  Peacock,  1850-8;  G.  W.  Torrence,  S.  S.,  1861-3;  T.  P.  Dysart, 
1875-9 ;  J-  Gailey,  1881-5. 


190  ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF   CONGREGATIONS 

Utica,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  March  18,  1859. 

A.  H.  Caldwell,  1865-7;  L.  I.  Crawford,  1870-3;  N.  Winegart,  1878-85. 

Utica,  Seward  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  June  16,  1884. 

Valley  Center,  Sedgwick  Co. ,  Kan. ;  Arkansas  Valley ;  Dec. 
3,  1885. 

Valley  Falls  [Grasshopper  Falls],  Jefferson  Co.,  Kan.;  Kan- 
sas; 1866. 

D.  Forsyth,  1869-73 ;  J.  Alter,  1877-84. 

Venice  [Miller's  Run],  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers; 
Asso.,  1849;  Asso.  Ref.,  1853. 

[Asso.]  A.  Anderson  and  T.  Beveridge,  S.  S.,  1850-5;  [Asso.  Ref.]  J.  L. 
Fairley,  1853-5 ;  consolidated,  1858 ;  A.  R.  Anderson,  1860- 

Vermillion,  Marshall  Co.,  Kan.;  Pawnee;  May,  1883. 

M.  Morrison,  1883- 

Vernon,  Waukesha  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  Sept.  6,  1847. 

G.  W.   Gowdy,    1850-4;    S.  M.   Coon,    1855-62;   J.   Lackey,    1866-70;  J. 
Dodds,  1872-8;  J.  B.  Galloway,  1881- 

Verona  [Valley  Church],  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Monongahela; 

1857- 
H.  K.  Lusk,  S.  S.,  1858-61 ;  R.  H.  Boyd,  1864-9;  J-  D.  Irons,  1873-87. 

Victoria,  Adams  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  March,  1879. 

_  J.  Taylor,  8.  S.,  1884- 

Vienna,  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  Indiana;  Sept.  11,  1847. 

R.  E.  Stewart,  1850-5;  J.  F.  Hutchison,  1857-9;  J-  I-  Frazer,  1861-5 ;  A. 
Aten,  1866-70;  A.  R.  Rankin,  1873-6;  J.  F.  Hutchison,  1876- 

Viola  [Twin  Grove],  Mercer  Co.,  111.;  Rock  Island;  1855. 

D.  C.  Cochran,  1857-62 ;  J.  R.  McCalister,  1862-7 ;  J-  M.  Wallace,  1868- 
70;  W.  S.  McClanahan,  1871-87. 

Viola,  Chase  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  April  12,  1887. 

Volga,  Clayton  Co.,  la.;  Le  Claire;  March  30,  1880. 

S.  p.  Montgomery,  1886- 

Wahoo,  Saunders  Co.,  Neb.;  Omaha;  1881. 

J.  H.  Morrow,  1882-7. 

Waitsburgh,  Walla  Walla  Co.,  Wash.  Ter. ;  Oregon;  June  25, 

1885. 
Walton  [Morrisdale],  Ontario,  Can.;  Stamford;  Mav  8,  i860. 

J.  L.  Robertson,  18668;  D.  Mann,  1871-6;  W.  H.  Reid,  i88'o-3. 

Walton,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Oct.  25,  1865. 

N.  K.  Crowe,  1868-72;  S.  W.  Meek,  1873-6;  W.  M.  Howie,  1878- 

Walton,  Harvey  Co.,  Kan.;  Neosho;  April  24,  1874. 

C.  Riddle,  1879-81  ;  J.  T.  Wilson,  1882-6 ;  D.  F.  Mustard,  1887- 

Wampum,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Oct.  8,  1875. 
J.  J.  Imbrie,  S.  S.,  1876-9;  A.  Y.  Houston,  S.  S.,  1880-2;  J.  B.  Whitten, 

1S83-5. 

Warm  Springs,  Crook  Co.,  Ore.;  July  19,  1864.  [Composed 
of  Warm  Spring  Indians.] 

R.  W.  McBride,  1S84- 

Warren,  Huntington  Co.,  Ind.;  Northern  Indiana;  1847. 

D.  Morrow,  1857-63;  A.  Mayn,  S.  S.,  1868-71;  R.  Gray,   1873-9;  J-  Mc- 
Crea,  S.  S.,  1879- 


WITH   THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I91 

Warrensbnrg,  Johnson  Co.,  Mo.;  Western  Missouri;  1867. 

S.  Jamison,  1868-70;  J.  C.  Steele,  1S72-6;  J.  Taylor,  S.  S.,  1880-2. 

Washington,  Washington    Co.,    Pa.;  Chartiers;  Asso.    Ref., 
1820;  Asso.,  1816. 
[Asso.  Ref.]  J.  Graham,  1820-9;  merged  in  the  Asso.  before  1858  ;  [Asso.] 
D.  Carson,  1834-4;    T.  Beveridge,  1836-50;    T.  Hanna,  1850-62;  J.  R. 
Johnston,  1863- 

Washington,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  Muskingum;  1824. 

S.  Findley,  1824-36;  A.  Miller,  1838-40;  H.  Forsyth,  1842-52;  W.John- 
ston, 1856-66;  S.  M.  Hutchison,  1867-74;  I-  N.  White,  1875- 

Washington,  Washington  Co.,   Iowa,    ist  Church;  Keokuk; 
Oct.  14,  1841. 

G.  C.  Vincent,  1841-7 ;  W.  H.  Andrew,  1848-51 ;  W.  H.Wilson,  1853-69; 
W.  C.  Williamson,  1871-85. 

Washington,  Washington  Co.,   Iowa,   2d  Church;   Keokuk; 

1855. 
S.  F.  Vanatta,  1855-63;  A.  Conner,  1865-9;  R-  B.  Taggart,  1874-6;  H.  G. 
McVey,  1877-80 ;  J.  R.  Logue,  1883- 

Waterford,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1812. 

R.  Reid,  1812-41 ;  J.  J.  Findley,  1842-53;  T.  Love,  1854-64;  H.  P.  Jack- 
son, 1865-9;  P-  W.  Free,  1870- 

Watson's  Run,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  March  6,  1869. 
S.  M.  Black,  1873-4 ;  J.  McNab,  1875-85. 

Wayne  [Beaver  Dam],  Erie  Co.,  Pa.;  Lake;  1859. 

J.  Iv.  Aten,  1860-3 ;  A.  S.  Abbey,  1872-7 ;  H.  H.  McMaster,  187S-82. 

Welda,  Anderson  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  Aug.  17,  1880. 

T.  Brown,  1882-5. 

Wellsville,  Cohimbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  1848. 

J.  C.  Campbell,  1848-55 ;  J.  Andrews,  1859-69  ;  J.  D.  Brownlee,  1870-5  j 
J.  A.  Bailey,  1877-82  ;  J.  G.  Kennedy,  1884- 

Wellsville,  Franklin  Co.,  Kan.;  Garnett;  April  14,  1885. 
West   Alexander    [Three    Ridges],    Washington    Co.,    Pa.; 
Wheeling;  1838. 
J.  Shaw,  1840-52;  J.  C.  Murch,  1852-9;  J.  Stevenson,   1859-70;    M.  Or- 
mond,  1872-6 ;  W.  M.  Coleman,  1877- 

West  Beaver,  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  Steubenville;  about  1818. 

E.  N.  Scroggs,  1820-38;  J.  W.  Harsha,  1840-4;  S.  T.  Herron,  1846-68; 
J.  H.  Leiper,  1868-74;  H.  H.  Brownlee,  1877-80;  J.  W.  Best,  1881- 

West  Bethel,  Crawford  Co.,  111.;  Princeton;  June,  1869. 

H.  McHatton,  1874- 

West  Charlton,  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  1792. 

J.  Mairs,  1794-1835;  A.Johnston,  1837-55;  A.  Henry,  1858-63;  W.  N. 
Randies,  1864-72;  W.  M.  Gibson,  1873-8;  W.  E.  Stewart,  1882-5;  A. 
Wareham,  1886- 

West  Chester,  Washington  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  May  8,  1876. 
J.  Lackey,  1877-82 ;  J.  T.  Tate,  1884- 

West  Delhi,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Delaware;  Nov.  25,  1841. 

W.  J.  Cleland,  1847-63;  A.  Thomas,  1863-7;  A.  G.  King,  1868- 

West  Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1844. 
H.  Q.  Graham,  1856-73;  D.  W.  McLane,  1876-80;  S.  M.  Black,  1881- 


192  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

West  Galway,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Albany;  March  26,   1867. 
D.  Anderson,  1871-5. 

West  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Argyle;  1785. 

P.  Bullions,  1818-23;  J.  Irvine,  1824-31;  A.  Anderson,  1833-47;  J.  Bal- 
lantine,  1848-9;  J.  McKee,  1851-7 ;  W.  R.  McKee,  1860-7;  G.  W. 
Wiley,  1868- 

West    Kortright,    Delaware   Co.,    N.    Y. ;    Delaware;    1850. 
[Previously  a  part  of  Kortright.] 

J.  M.  McNulty,  1852-6 ;  J.  Rippey,  1856-66 ;  R.  T.  Doig,  1868- 

West  Liberty,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  Sept.  21,  187s. 

W.  P.  Shaw,  1877- 

West  Mecca,  Trumbull  Co.,  O. ;  Mercer;  Dec.  i6,  1882. 

J.  E.  Stewart,  S.  S.,  1882-3;  Supplies,  1883- 

West  Middlesex  [Beulah],  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Mercer;  1841. 

R.  W.  Oliver,  1846-53;  J.  Armstrong,  1856-68;  W.  J.  Snodgrass,  1869- 

West  Middletown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  1810. 

8.  Findley,  1814-22 ;  W.  Wallace,  1828-33 ;  S.  Taggart,  1835-85. 

Westminster,  Keokuk  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Feb.  11,  1867. 
J.  T.  Tate,  1868-70 ;  T.  E.  Turner,  1870-2 ;  J.  Lackey,  1872-6 ;  J.  T.  Tate, 
1878- 

West  Newton,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  Westmoreland;  Nov. 
5,  1850. 

A.  G.  Fergus,  1851-1 ;  D.  H.  Pollock,  1854-60;  W.  L.  McConnell,  1860-5  ; 
J.  D.  Walkinshaw,  1865-9 ;  W.  R.  Stevenson,  1872-81 ;  J.  S.  Garvin, 
1882- 

West  Union,  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  Chillicothe;  1812. 

W.  Baldridge,  1812  ;  Supplies;  J.  Caskey,  1836-38;  J.  Graham,  1841-9 ; 
A.  W.  McClanahan,  1853-5  ;  A.  W.  McClanahan,  1858-60 ;  J.  Arbuth- 
not,  1862-6;  J.  P.  Finney,  S.  S.,  1874-6;  E.  McKee,  S.  S.,  1877-81. 

West  Union  [Union],  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  Conemaugh;  1816. 

D.  Blair,  181S-58;  S.  Anderson,  1852-67;  J.  C.  Telford,  1867- 

West  Union,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  Allegheny;  1842. 

J.  Given,  1854-7;  J-  G.  Barnes,  1S62-70;  N.  E.  Wade,  1875-84;  R.  H. 
Park,  1885- 

West  Union,  White  Co.,  111.;  Princeton;  1853. 

J.  Morrow,  S.  S.,  1853-5;  J-  L.  Craig,  S.  S.,  1855-7;  T.  Turner,  S.  S., 
1858-60;  A.  S.  Montgomery,  1864-82. 

West  Unity,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1834. 

J.Johnston,  S.  S.,  1834-5;  J.  Green,  1835-46;  W.  P.  Breaden,  1847-58; 
W.  A.  Black,  1860-5;  W.  H.  Jamieson,  S.  S.,  1867-72;  J.  E.  Dodds, 
1874-7 ;  R.  A.  Gilfillan,  1879-82  ;  J.  J.  Imbrie,  1883- 

Wheatland,  Will  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  Mav,  1848. 

R.  W.  French,  S.  S.,  1848-60;  T.  Dickson,  1862-5;  S.  F.  Clark,  1865-70; 
W.  J.  McAllister,  1872-4;  J.  W.  Buchanan,  1874-84;  J.  C.  Lynn,  1885- 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  Wheeling;  Nov.  24,  1833. 
W.  Wallace,  1833-49 ;  J.  T.  McClure,  1850- 

Wheeling,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  Chartiers;  Aug.  15,  1836. 
J.  Shaw,  1843-52 ;  J.  C.  Murch,  1853-9 ;  J-  A.  McKee,  1860- 

Wliite  Oak,  Mahaska  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  Oct.,  1869. 

S.  F.  Clark,  1878-82 ;  J.  Gilmore,  S.  S.,  1883-4. 


WITH    THEIR   HISTORICAL   RECORD.  I93 

White  Oak  Sprincrs,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  1816. 

I.  Niblock,  1819-36  ;  W.  Findley,  1837-51 ;  T.  Drennen,  1853-7  ;  W.  H. 
Jamison,  1858-78;  T.  W.  Yoimg,  1879-84. 

Whitinsville,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass;  Boston;  Dec.   30,   1874. 

(Organized  Oct.  3,  1871.    R.  Harkness,  1873-4.     Dissolved 

May  22,  1874;  reorganized  Dec.  30,  1874.) 

J.  L.  Thompson,  1878-82  ;  J.  C.  Mackey,  1883-4;  J.  R.  McAllister,  S.  S., 

1885-7. 

Wilkinsburg,   Allegheny  Co.,   Pa.;  Monongahela;  Nov.   21, 

1882. 

M.  M.  Patterson,  1884- 

Willamette,  Linn  Co.,  Ore.;  Oregon;  July  9,  1850. 

T.  S.  Kendall,  S.  S.,  1850-4;  S.  G.  Irvine,  1857-74;  A.  M.  Acheson,  1877- 

Wilsonville,  Furnace  Co.,  Neb.;  Pawnee;  Sept.,  1882. 
J.  S.  Ross,  18S3-6. 

Wilton,  Will  Co.,  111.;  Chicago;  May  14,  i860. 

R.  W.  French,  1861-82 ;  W.  W.  White,  1885-6 ;  J.  W.  Cleland,  1887- 

Winchester,  Jefferson  Co.,  Kan.;  Kansas;  Dec.  i^,  1869. 

D.  Forsyth,  S.  S.,  1869-71 ;  J.  S.  McMunn,  1877-82;  W.  Wright,  1883- 

Winfield,  Henry  Co.,  Iowa;  Keokuk;  Oct.,  1865. 
J.  M.  Henderson,  1865-71 ;  T.  L.  Thome,  1877- 

Winterset,  Madison  Co.,  Iowa;  Des  Moines;  1855. 

C.  T.  McCanghan,  1865-70 ;  J.  U.  McClenahan,  1875-7 ;  A.  M.  Camp- 
bell, 1 88 1-4. 

Woonsocket,  Sanborn  Co.,  Dak.;  Omaha;  April  4,  1885. 

W.  T.  Moffett,  S.  S.,  1885- 

Wooster,  Wayne  Co.,  O. ;  Mansfield;  1815. 

S.  Irvine,  1821-37;  J.  McKee,  1837-49;  H.  Sturgeon,  1852-6;  J.  W.  Mc- 
Farland,    1857-62;    R.  H.   Pollock,  1865-76 ;    D.  A.  Wallace,  1878-83 ; 
R.  A.  Gilfillan,  1885-6 ;  J.  A.  Wilson,  1887- 
[Asso.  Ref., ;  J.  H.  Peacock,  1844-51 ;  merged  in  Asso.  about  1858.] 

Worthington,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  Butler;  June  19,  1851. 
J.  N.  Dick,  1851-4;  J.Jamison,  1855-60;   T.  M.  Seaton,   1863-70;   J.  L. 
Grove,  1872-84;  D.  McCaw,  1886- 

Wurtemburg,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  Beaver  Valley;  Feb.,  i860, 

J.  H.  Peacock,  1S67-73;  J.  D.  Glenn,  1874-81 ;  J.  B.  Whitten,  1883-5. 

Wyoming,  Jones  Co.,  Iowa;  Le  Claire;  Nov.  4,  1859. 

L.I.   Crawford,    1864-9;   J-  U.   McClenahan,   1869-72;    W.   Donaldson, 
1877-86. 
Xenia,  O.,  ist  Church;  Xenia;  1810. 

J.  Steele,  1817-36;  J.  R.  Bonner,  1838-45;  R.  D.  Harper,  1846-68;  W.  G. 
Moorehead,  1871-5  ;  T.  H.  Hanna,  1875-80;  J.  H.  Wright,  1881- 

Xenia,  O. ,  2d  Church;  Xenia;  Oct.  21,  1811. 

F.  Pringle,  1814-18 ;  T.  Beveridge,  1820-4;  S.Wilson,  1830-55;  R.  B. 
Ewing,  1859-68;  J.  G.  Carson,  1869- 

Xenia,  O.,  3d  Church;  Xenia;  Ref.  Pres.,  1848;  U.  P.,  1869. 

[Ref.  Pres.]  J.  A.  Crawford,  1853-60;  R.  McCaslin,  1861-6 ;  [U.  P.] 
W.  H.  McMillan,  1870-3 ;  R.  Turnbull,  1874-8  ;  W.  G.  Moorehead, 
1878-85  ;  J.  W.  Smith,  1886- 

Xenia  Prairie,  Clay  Co.,  111.;  Southern  Illinois;  1862. 

A.  R.  Rankin,  1866-72;  W.  Stevenson,  1875-7;  S.  S.  Stewart,  1883- 


194  ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF  CONGREGATIONS 

Yellow  Creek  [Big  Yellow  Creek],  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  Steuben- 
ville;  1818. 

E.N.  Scroggs,  1820-3;  J-  Donaldson,  1823-34;  J.  Patterson,  1837-54; 
J.  S.  Easton,  1855-6;  T.  R.  Simpson,  1856-61;  J.  Golden,  1864-9; 
H.  Y.  Leiper,  1870- 

York,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Caledonia;  1813. 

H.  S.  Wilkin,  1823-33 ;  A.  Blaikie,  1836-45  ;  J.  M.  Heron,  1848-52 ;  J. 
Van  Eaton,  1853-80;  H.  A.  McDonald,  1881-5 ;  A.  K.  Duff,  1887- 

York,  Page  Co.,  Iowa;  College  Springs;  Feb.  16,  1878. 

R.  H.  Barnes,  1882- 

Yorkville,  Racine  Co.,  Wis.;  Wisconsin;  Jan.  5,  1847. 

S.  Collins,  1847-60;  J.  A.  Shankland,  1861-70;  J.  H.  Morrow,  1874-80; 
J.  M.  McArthur,  S.  S.,  1881-6. 

Youngstown,    ist    Church,    Mahoning    Co.,   O. ;    Cleveland; 
Oct.  10.,  1859. 
G.  K.  Ormond,  1861-70 ;  J.  M.  Wallace,  1871-81 ;  S.  R.  Frazier,  1884- 

Yonngstown,  2d  Church,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ;  Cleveland;  1887. 

Zafarwal,  India;  Sialkot;  Nov.,  1879. 

Zerabi;  Egypt;  June  i,  1882. 

Zion,  Douglas  Co.,  Minn.;  Minnesota;  Oct.  2,  1862. 

J.  L.  Whitla,  1873-85. 


THE   MINISTRY.  I95 


The  Ministry* 

ABBEY,  Alexander  Smith: 

Was  born  Feb.  28,  1834,  in  Wayne  township,  Erie  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  one  year  after  licensure;  was  licensed  Sept.  8, 
1869,  by  the  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7,  '72,  by  the 
same;  pastor  of  Wayne,  Erie  co.,  Pa.,  May,  1872-Feb.  6, 
''^']\  at  Summit,  Erie  Co.,  1879-85.  Principal  of  Jamestown 
Seminary  for  eight  years,  and  of  the  Waterford  Academy  for 
two. 

ACHESON,  Allen  Morrow: 

Was  born  Feb.  22,  1849,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
licensed  June  5,  1876,  by  the  Pres.  of  Monmouth,  and  or- 
dained May  2,  ''']^^  by  the  same;  installed  July  12,  1877,  at 
Willamette,  Oregon. 
ACHESON,  Robert  (A.): 

Was  born  near  Market  Hill,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the 
University  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  studied  theology  at  the 
Independent  Theological  Hall  in  Glasgow;  was  licensed  in 
1856  by  the  Independent  Ch.  in  Scotland,  and  ordained  Sept. 
10,  '57,  by  the  Associate  Pres.  of  Northern  Illinois;  pastor  at 
Galena,  111.,  Sept.  1857-May,  '58;  of  Gait,  in  Canada,  June, 
1858-June,  ''']'i)\  and  Stamford,  Canada,  since  Nov.,  1874. 
ADAIR,  John  McCleary  (A.): 

Was  born  Sept.  10,  1831,  in  Indiana,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  July  3,   1858,  by  the  Pres.  of  Conemaugh,  and  or- 

*(A.)  after  a  name  means  Associate  before  the  union  of  1858,  when  the 
United  Presbyterian  Church  was  formed;  and  (A.  R.)  Associate  Reformed. 
An  asterisk  (*)  marks  those  that  are  dead. 


196  THE   MINISTRY. 

dained  Mar.  16,  '59,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and 
installed  at  Stone  Valley,  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  still 
remains.  Publication:  Slavery  viewed  from  the  Bible  Stand- 
point, 1863,  p.  17. 

ADAIR,  James  Hill*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  John  M.,  was  born  Feb.  19,  1829,  i^i 
Indiana,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  i860,  by  Cone- 
maugh  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  20,  '66,  sine  titulo^  by  the 
same.  He  labored  as  a  Domestic  Missionary  in  southeast 
Kansas  until  1878,  when  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
resided  at  Galesburg,  Kansas.     Died  Aug.  24,  1885. 

ADAIR,  William  (A.  R.):* 

Was  received  as  a  licentiate  from  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
Nov.  15,  1804,  by  the  Pres.  of  Big  Spring;  was  ordained  Ap. 
7,  1807,  by  the  same,  and  at  the  same  meeting  accepted  a  call 
to  Old  Providence,  in  Augusta  Co. ,  and  the  Sinks,  in  Monroe 
Co. ,  Va. ;  because  of  the  distance  from  the  members  of  Pres- 
bytery his  installation  never  took  place;  resigned  Old  Provi- 
dence Ap.  19,  1809,  because  of  the  "hundred  miles,  three 
mountains  and  six  rivers"  which  interposed  between  his  two 
congregations,  and  gave  instead  his  half  time  to  Sinking 
Creek  and  Antonie's  Creek,  in  Greenbrier  Co.;  resigned  the 
Sinks  Nov.  22,  1813,  and  next  spring  the  Greenbrier 
churches;  on  the  25th  of  May,  1814,  he  asked  of  Presbytery 
and  received  ' '  permission  to  cease  from  discharging  the  func- 
tions of  the  gospel  ministry." 

ADAMS,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  8,  1792,  three  miles  west  of  Canonsburg, 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  in  1819  at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service,  and  Dr.  Ramsay  at  Canons- 
burg; was  licensed  Aug.  29,  1821,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained May  15,  '23,  by  Miami;  was  installed  at  the  same  time 
as  pastor  at  Massie's  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O.  He  was  deposed 
from  the  ministry  in  July,  1838,  for  drunkenness,  and  after 
some  time  moved  to  Madison,  Ind,  where  he  engaged  in  teach- 
ing, and  died  Sept.  16,  1842,  and  was  buried  at  Carmel,  Ind. 


THE   MINISTRY.  I97 

ADAMS,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  7,  1785,  in  county  Armagh,  Ireland;  was 
gradnated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  William  Taylor,  of  Perth,  and  was  licensed  in  1819  by 
the  Associate  Burgher  Ch.  of  Scotland.  He  acted  as  mission- 
ary until  1832,  when  he  came  to  the  U.  S. ;  was  ordained 
Sept.  II,  ^7,2,^  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  Guin- 
ston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  1833-Ap.  '55,  and  died  very  sud- 
denly July  14,  1862. 
AIKEN,  Alexander  Scott: 

Was  born  Feb.  3,  1846,  near  Princeton,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1873,  by  the  Pres.  of 
Beaver  Valley,  and  ordained  Ap.  29,  '75,  by  Big  Spring,  and 
installed  pastor  of  Lower  Chanceford,  York  Co.,  Pa.  He 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  sergeant  in  the  i6th  Pennsylvania 
Cavalry.  Publication:  Biographical  Sketch  of  the  Rev.  John 
Cuthbertson,  p.  36. 
ALEXANDER,  John  R.  : 

Was  born  May  23,  1849,  i^  Plain  township,  Wayne  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Ohio  Central  College,  Iberia,  O.,  in  1871, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  21,  1874,  by  the  Pres.  of  Mansfield;  was  appointed  in  the 
ensuing  autumn  to  the  Foreign  Missionary  work  in  Egypt, 
and  was  ordained  by  his  Presbytery  Jan.  20,  '75,  and  sailed 
February  the  loth,  reached  his  field  in  March,  and  after 
learning  the  language  has  been  mainly  occupied  with  the  in- 
terests of  the  Native  College  at  Asyoot. 

ALEXANDER,  Josiah  A.*: 

Was  born  Aug.  8,  1819,  in  Washington  Co.,  Tenn. ;  was 
educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  June  17,  1851,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  27,  1853,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Belmont 
and  connections,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  1853-May,  1855;  of 
Deer  Creek,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  May,  1857-June  8,  ^yy.  Died 
Ap.  12,  1883,  at  New  Wilmington,  Pa. 

ALEXANDER,  Samuel  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co. ,  Tenn. ;  was  graduated  at 


198  THE   MINISTRY. 

Franklin  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  Oct,  5,  1852,  by  the  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
August  21,  1855,  by  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  Bethel  congregation, 
and  Leetonia,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1855-Feb.  21,  '72;  S.  S.  at  Clarkson 
Lawrence  Co.,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  1874-9;  pastor  of  Lyn- 
don, Kan.,  June  27,  1882- 
ALIvEN,  Andrew  Jackson  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  16,  1824,  in  Illinois;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1852,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  Oct.,  1857,  ^y  Iowa;  was  pastor  of  Scotch  Grove,  la.,  Oct., 
1857-Feb.,  1864;  of  Carrollton  and  connections  in  Ohio,  Dec. 
3,  1872-Sept.  12,  '82;  was  for  many  years  a  teacher. 
ALLEN,  Henry  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  8,  181 7,  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland;  was  edu- 
cated at  Miami  University,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford; 
was  licensed  in  Mar.,  1846,  by  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained in  Ap.,  1847,  ^y  th^  same;  was  pastor  of  Sycamore 
and  Hopkins ville,  Warren  co.,  O.,  Ap.,  1847-Ap.  '55;  of 
Iowa  City,  la.,  July,  1856-Nov.,  '60;  of  Union,  Randolph  co., 
111.,  Dec,  1860-5;  was  called  to  Second  Ch.,  Cincinnati,  July, 
1865,  but  without  installation  returned  the  call  in  July,  1866; 
was  installed  at  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  in  Mar.,  1867,  and  died  Dec, 
25,  of  the  same  year,  from  heart  disease.  Publications: 
Three  sermons  in  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church,  vols. 
1-3-4- 
ALLISON,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  3,  1771,  most  probably  in  York  co, ,  Pa., 
but  was  reared  in  Washington  co, ;  was  educated  at  Canons- 
burg Academy  previous  to  its  being  chartered  as  a  college, 
and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson  at  Service; 
was  licensed  May  i,  1800,  by  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  ordained  Feb.  10,  1802,  by  Chartiers,  and  installed  at 
Mount  Hope,  in  Washington  co..  Pa.,  and  Cross  Creek, 
Brooke  co.,  Va.  This  charge  he  retained  until  Mar.  6,  1838, 
when,  because  of  age  and  infirmity,  he  resigned.  He  died 
Ap.  6,  1840,  from  congestion  of  the  bowels. 
ALTER,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Dec.   1841,  in  Plum  township,  Allegheny  co., 


THE   MINISTRY.  I99 

Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Wooster  University  in  1873,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
18,  1876,  by  the  Pres.  of  Mansfield,  and  ordained  Dec.  12, 
'^'j']^  by  Kansas;  pastor  of  Valley  Falls  and  Nortonville,  Jeffer- 
son CO.,  Kansas,  Dec.  12,  1877-Sept.  10,  '84;  missionary  in 
Washington  Territory  since  Oct.,  '84.  Served  in  the  civil 
war  in  the  12 2d  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  and 
was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va. 
ANDERSON,  Abraham,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  near  Newville,  Cumberland  co..  Pa.,  Dec.  7, 
1789,  of  Irish  parents,  who  had  recently  settled  there.  The 
family  soon  moved  to  western  Pennsylvania,  where  he  labored 
upon  the  farm  until  after  his  majority.  During  the  war  with 
England  he  served  for  a  year  under  General  Harrison,  after 
which  he  commenced  his  studies,  and  was  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson in  181 7.  He  spent  one  year  with  Dr.  John  Anderson, 
and  finished  his  theological  studies  under  the  direction  of 
Presbytery.  From  1818  to  1821  he  was  Prof,  of  Languages 
in  Jefferson  College,  and  at  the  same  time  studied  theology 
and  prosecuted  a  course  of  medical  studies  with  Dr.  Eether- 
man.  He  was  licensed  Aug.  29,  182 1,  by  the  Pres.  of  Char- 
tiers,  and  ordained  in  Sept.,  1822,  by  the  Pres.  of  the 
Carolinas;  was  pastor  of  Steele  Creek  and  Bethany,  in 
Mecklenburg  co.,  N.  C,  Sept.,  1822-33,  and  of  West  He- 
bron, Washington  co.,  N.  Y.,  1833-47,  and  then  collegiate 
pastor  with  Dr.  Beveridge,  at  Venice,  Pa.,  till  his  death, 
which  took  place  May  9,  1855,  in  Canonsburg.  He  was 
Prof  of  Didactic  and  Polemic  Theology  in  the  Seminary  at 
Canonsburg,  i847-'55.  Publications:  A  Circular  to  the 
Churches  in  the  Carolinas  in  1824;  a  Sermon  on  Covenant- 
ing; a  Criticism  on  Decision  in  a  Church  Case  in  Vermont; 
Lectures  on  Theology. 
ANDERSON,  Abraham  (A.)*: 

Was  born  near  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  in  1818:  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  in  June  of  1846  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained 
in  Sept.,  '47,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  the  First  Asso. 
Congregation  of  Pittsburgh,  1847,  until  his  death,  July  27, 
1849. 


200  THE   MINISTRY. 

ANDERSON,  Abraham  Ramsey: 

Was  born  Feb.  3,  1832,  near  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jeflferson  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  June  15,  1858,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  ordained 
Ap.  17,  '60,  by  the  same,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  Venice 
congregation,  in  Washington  co..  Pa. 

ANDERSON,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland,  and  was  licensed  and 
ordained  by  a  Pres.  of  the  United  Session  Ch.,  and  was 
twenty -seven  years  pastor  of  a  congregation  in  Scotland;  he 
was,  upon  his  arrival  in  this  country,  received  Oct.  30,  1839, 
by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia;  accepted  a  call  to  the  con- 
gregations of  Carlisle  and  Unity,  Pa.,  on  the  26th  of  March, 
1841,  and  was  installed  on  the  28th  of  the  following  Oct,  In 
May,  1842,  during  a  meeting  in  Philadelphia,  and  while  put- 
ting his  daughter  aboard  a  steamer  for  Baltimore,  met  with 
an  accident,  from  which  he  died  in  a  few  hours. 

ANDERSON,  David: 

Was  born  June  28,  1840,  in  Belfast,  Ireland;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1870,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  4,  '71,  by  Albany;  pastor  in  West  Galway,  N.  Y.,  1871 
-Sept.,  '75,  of  Little  York,  111.,  Feb.,  1876-Oct.,  '78,  and 
commenced  Ap.,  1880,  as  S.  S.  in  Octoraro,  Pa.,  and  pastor 
since  May  10,  1881.  He  serv^ed  as  a  private  in  the  Round- 
head regiment  during  part  of  the  Rebellion,  and  was  severely 
wounded  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run.  Publication: 
History  of  the  Congregation  of  Little  York,  111.,  1876,  26 
pages. 

ANDERSON,  James  Auld: 

Was  born  March  i,  1854,  at  West  Alexander,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1880,  by  Wheeling  Pres. 
and  ordained  Nov.  9,  '80,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  of  Mansfield, 
Nov.  9,  1880-Jan.  19,  '87;  Beulah,  N.  Y.,  May  2,  1887- 

ANDERSON,  John,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  England,  near  the  Scotch  border,  and  of 
Scotch  parents,  about  the  year  1748.     An  only  child  and 


THE   MINISTRY,  20I 

soon  fatherless.  He  was  graduated  at  one  of  the  Scottish 
Universities,  and  studied  theology  at  the  Associate  Divinity 
Hall,  and  was  licensed  by  a  Presbytery  of  the  Secession 
Church,  but  his  voice  was  so  weak  and  his  manner  so  hesita- 
ting that  his  services  in  the  pulpit  were  not  called  for,  and 
for  years  he  was  employed  as  a  corrector  of  the  press.  In 
June,  1783,  he  sailed  for  the  United  States  with  his  aged 
mother,  who  died  at  sea,  and  landed  in  August,  at  Philadel- 
phia, He  lost  a  valuable  library  in  the  passage.  He  itiner- 
ated for  four  years  under  the  care  of  the  Asso,  Presbytery  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  was  then  ordained  sine  titiilo  in  Philadel- 
phia Oct.  31,  1788.  In  the  Autumn  of  1792  he  was  installed 
as  pastor  of  Mill  Creek  and  Harmon's  Creek,  (now  Service 
and  Frankfort,)  in  Beaver  county,  Pa,,  and  remained  until 
his  death,  Ap,  6,  1830,  which  occurred  while  attending 
Presbytery  at  North  Buffalo,  April  21,  1794,  he  was  ap- 
pointed Professor  of  Theology  for  the  Associate  Church,  and 
so  continued  until  the  spring  of  1819,  when  he  resigned  be- 
cause of  the  infirmities  of  age, 

Dr,  Anderson  was  a  man  of  mark  in  every  sense.  He  was 
remarkably  small,  his  statiire  not  much  exceeding  five  feet, 
with  a  large  head  enveloped  in  a  forest  of  thick  tangled  hair, 
"Nature,"  says  one  of  his  pupils,  "in  setting  him  up  had  for- 
gotten to  supply  the  convenience  of  a  neck,  and  there  seemed 
to  have  been  a  great  lack  of  muscle  where  it  ought  to  have  been, 
as  his  head  was  constantly  inclined  to  his  breast  at  an  angle 
of  forty-five  degrees, ' '  His  voice  was  low,  though  not  unmu- 
sical, and  he  spoke  with  much  hesitation  and  embarrassment, 
so  that  a  fair  writer  could  take  down  his  discourses  without  the 
use  of  phonography.  He  had  brilliant  and  piercing  black  eyes, 
which  possessed  such  strength  and  endurance  that  he  never 
used  glasses  even  in  extreme  old  age.  He  was,  in  temper, 
somewhat  irascible,  although  distinguished  for  meekness  and 
humility,  and  was  very  impatient  of  contradiction,  so  far  as 
related  to  matters  of  principle.  When  his  temper  had  gained 
a  momentary  ascendency  he  would  immediately  manifest  the 
deepest  humiliation  and  penitence,  and  solicit  again  and  again 
the  pardon  of  those  against  whom  he  had  spoken  with  severity, 
and  confess  with  great  grief  this  infirmity  of  his  nature. 
14 


202  THE   MINISTRY. 

He  was  noted  for  his  abstraction  of  mind  and  entire  igTio- 
ranee  of  the  common  affairs  of  life.  On  one  occasion  when 
leaving  Philadelphia,  where  Synod  had  been  in  session,  Mr. 
Young,  with  whom  he  had  lodged,  knew  that  he  had  no 
money  and  gave  him  enough  to  take  him  home,  but  knowing 
his  habits,  concluded  to  watch  him  until  he  got  out  of  the  city, 
and  soon  found  him  in  a  book  store  where  he  had  already 
spent  his  last  dollar,  without  any  thought  of  how  he  was  to 
get  to  Beaver  county.  It  was  no  uncommon  thing  for  him  to 
bring  back  from  a  journey  nothing  of  a  large  supply  of  linen 
except  what  was  on  his  back.  His  habit  was  to  take  a  book 
to  read  when  he  mounted  his  horse,  and  he  soon  became  so 
absorbed  in  it  as  to  be  oblivious  to  all  else,  and  "old  gray," 
understanding  his  ways,  would  generally  betake  himself  to 
what  grass  and  food  he  could  find,  and  things  would  remain 
thus  for  an  hour  at  a  time.  He  rarely  or  never  succeeded  in 
going  to  Presbytery  or  Synod  without  losing  himself.  He 
would  even  lose  himself  in  going  to  his  own  church,  and 
when  services  were  over  he  would  sometimes  mount  the  first 
gray  horse  he  found  and  ride  away,  without  any  regard  to 
ownership.  He  once  set  out  from  home  upon  a  cold  day  in 
the  winter  to  attend  a  distant  meeting  of  Presbytery,  and  in- 
dulged himself  for  a  while  in  his  usual  practice  of  reading 
till  the  severity  of  the  weather  compelled  him  to  desist.  He 
now  found  himself  in  a  place  which  he  could  not  recognize, 
and  began  to  urge  his  horse  forward  with  unwonted  activity; 
but  having  ridden  all  day  without  discovering  any  habitation, 
or  meeting  any  person  from  whom  he  could  obtain  directions, 
as  a  last  resort,  in  the  evening,  he  gave  the  reins  to  the 
horse,  thinking  he  might  lead  him  to  some  shelter  for  the 
night.  The  horse,  thus  left  to  himself,  soon  brought  him  to 
an  opening  in  the  woods  and  made  directly  for  a  habitation 
at  a  little  distance.  The  Doctor  knocked  at  the  door  and  it 
was  opened  by  an  aged  lady,  of  whom  he  inquired,  in  a  sup- 
plicating tone,  whether  he  could  get  lodgings  for  the  night. 
The  lady  proved  to  be  his  wife,  and  the  house  his  own, 
around  which  he  had  been  riding  all  day  at  the  distance  of  a 
mile  or  two.  He  once  put  on  the  horse  a  saddle  for  his  wife, 
and  put  it  on  with  the  horns  behind;  when  told  of  his  error 
he  expressed  astonishment  that  saddles  should  have  horns. 


THE   MINISTRY.  203 

As  a  theological  lecturer  he  was  exceedingly  methodical, 
and  confined  himself  to  the  Medulla  and  Compend  of  John 
Mark,  in  the  unfolding  of  which  he  lectured  nearly  every  day 
of  the  session  from  three  to  four  hours  at  a  time.  History 
and  Exegesis  and  the  other  departments  of  a  modern  course 
were  almost  wholly  neglected.  As  a  preacher  he  was  very 
different,  for  he  was  plain  and  practical.  In  the  pulpit  he 
seemed  to  forget  that  there  was  such  a  thing  as  controversial 
divinity  in  existence,  and  dwelt  upon  the  simplest  truths  of 
the  gospel  in  the  most  simple  manner  possible.  Occasionally 
a  thought,  or  whole  train  of  thought,  would  break  in  upon 
him  that  seemed  to  stir  up  his  soul  from  its  lowest  depths. 
"The  change  that  came  over  him  at  such  times  was  astonish- 
ing. The  tongue  of  the  stammerer  now  spoke  plainly,  his 
form  would  dilate,  his  voice  would  roll  like  thunder,  and  his 
little  black  eyes  would  sparkle  like  two  burning  torches." 

But  his  most  noted  characteristic  was  his  spirituality  as  a 
man.  Dr.  Alex.  McClelland  was  under  his  instruction  for 
three  years,  and  during  all  that  time,  summer  as  well  as  win- 
ter, was  a  member  of  his  family,  and  had  opportunities  of 
knowing  him  better  than  any  other  man,  and  he  writes  of 
him  thus:  "To  say  that  he  was  animated  by  a  profound  rev- 
erence for  the  Supreme  Being,  never  named  Him  without 
making  a  perceptible  pause  in  his  discourse,  paid  marked  re- 
gard to  the  Divine  laws  and  institutions,  was  a  strict  observer 
of  the  Lord's  Day,  etc.,  etc.,  would  be  to  talk  quite  prettily 
and  appropriately  of  some  persons;  but,  applied  to  John  An- 
derson of  Service  Creek  would  be  ridiculous  bathos.  God 
was  his  life^  his  soul^  his  all  in  all!  In  God  his  whole  moral 
man  lived  and  moved  and  had  its  being.  He  walked  with 
Him  constantly  as  a  personal  friend;  and  I  doubt  whether 
there  was  a  moment  when  He  was  not  present  to  him  as  a 
distinct  object  of  thought.  Very  soon  this  fact  struck  me  so 
forcibly  that  I  determined  to  make  the  old  man  my  particular 
study,  and  began  to  play  the  spy  on  him  to  a  greater  extent 
than,  under  other  circumstances,  would  have  been  dignified 
or  proper.  Ten  times  a  day  have  I  gone  to  his  study  door 
and  peered  through  the  key-hole  to  see  what  he  was  doing, 
and  eight  times  out  of  the  ten  I  found  him  upon  his  knees. 


204  THE   MINISTRY. 

My  little  sleeping  apartment  was  next  to  his,  and  often,  long 
after  our  old  wooden  clock  had  commenced  striking  the  small 
hours,  I  heard  the  low  breathing  of  one  in  earnest  devotion, 
Seeking  an  explanation,  I  was  told  by  the  old  lady,  after 
some  cross-questioning,  that  being  extremely  subject  to  ner- 
vous wakefulness,  he  found  nothing  better  to  do  than  rise 
and  spend  a  half  hour  in  prayer.  This  mode  of  composing 
unquiet  nerves  appeared  to  me  a  strange  business,  and  I  re- 
solved to  know  more  about  it.  Searching  carefully  the  par- 
tition, I  found  a  large  cranny,  to  which  I  applied  my  ear  with 
such  good  effect  that  I  was  able  to  catch  much  of  what  he 
said,  and  such  praying  I  never  heard  before  nor  expect  to 
hear  again.  It  was  not  prayer  in  the  common  acceptation  of 
the  term,  but  an  outgiish  of  holy,  child-like  confidence  in  a 
Father  with  whom  he  was  in  familiar  colloquy;  sometimes 
taking  the  form  of  a  confession  of  unworthiness,  sometimes 
that  of  an  humble  interrogatory,  then  passing  over  into  a  sort 
of  argumentative  pleading,  in  which  he  would  remind  his 
Heavenly  Father  of  His  engagements  in  the  everlasting  cove- 
nant, of  some  gracious  promise  in  the  Word,  of  the  blood- 
shedding  on  Mount  Calvary,  of  His  past  providential  dealings, 
and  all  this  with  such  deep  feelings  of  love,  gratitude,  self- 
abasement  and  triumphant  hope  that  I  was  absolutely  as- 
tounded and  tore  myself  away,  aghast  at  the  presumption 
with  which  I  had  been  violating  the  sanctity  of  a  place,  holy 
as  Heaven  itself;  stealing  like  a  vile  thief  and  eavesdropper 
into  the  nuptial  chamber  where  the  Lord  was  communing 
with  his  mystic  spouse.  To  my  mind  there  was  something 
awful  in  the  thought  of  a  mortal  creature  holding  such  close 
correspondence  with  the  invisible  world,  nestling  itself,  if  I 
may  so  speak,  in  the  very  bosom  of  God.  Many  a  night  it 
robbed  me  of  sleep,  and  when,  on  the  following  morning,  the 
little  man  joined  our  family  circle  in  his  usual  quiet  and  un- 
obtrusive way  I  would  gaze  at  him  as  if  I  saw  a  spirit. 
Happy  old  man!  Death  must  have  been  comparatively  a 
very  trifling  change  to  him,  for  the  hallowed  employments 
and  pleasures  on  which  he  entered  were  those  which  formed 
the  whole  happiness  of  his  earthly  existence. ' ' 

Publications:  Essay  on  Various  Subjects    Relative  to  the 


THK    MINISTRY.  205 

Present  State  of  Religion:  Glasgow,  1782.  A  Discourse  Upon 
the  Divine  Ordinance  of  Singing  Praise:  1791.  A  Vindica- 
tion of  this  Discourse:  1793.  Vindiciae  Cantus  Dominici: 
i8cx).  The  Appropriation  which  is  in  the  Nature  of  Saving 
Faith:  1793.  A  Series  of  Letters  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hemphill, 
of  South  Carolina,  on  the  Union  of  1782:  1803.  Precious 
Truths:  1806.  Notes  to  Brown's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible: 
1807.  A  Series  of  Dialogues  on  Church  Communion:  1820. 
ANDERSON,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1791,  in  Ireland;  when  he  came  to  this  coun- 
try he  identified  himself  with  the  "McCoyites,"  and  was 
educated  under  their  auspices,  and  ordained  about  1822  by 
the  Reformed  Dissenting  Presbytery.  He  was  for  many 
years  pastor  of  the  Reformed  Dissenting  congregation  of 
Clear  Ridge,  Guernsey  co.,  O.  August  24,  1853,  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^i^ 
congregation  united  with  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio.  He  re- 
mained pastor  until  his  death,  Sept.  i,  1855,  when  his  con- 
gation  joined  the  Asso.  Ref,  congregation  of  Fairview,  with 
the  families  of  which  it  was  intermixed. 
ANDERSON,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  July  6,  1826,  in  Port  Hope,  Canada,  and  reared 
in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1852,  and 
studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Oct.  9,  1855,  by 
the  Pres.  of  Washington,  and  ordained  by  Michigan,  June 
20,  '57;  was  pastor  of  Oswego  and  New  Paris,  in  Elkhart  co., 
Ind.,  June,  i857-'68,  and  of  Martin,  Mich.,  i868-Ap.  10, 
1877.  United  with  the  Presbyterian  ch.  and  is  at  School- 
craft, Mich. 
ANDERSON,  Samuel  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  i,  1826;  in  Fredericksburg,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1850,  by  the  Richmond  Pres., 
and  ordained  sine  titulo  by  the  same  July  17,  '50;  spent  two 
years  as  a  missionary  in  Illinois  and  Wisconsin ;  was  installed 
as  the  colleague  of  the  Rev.  David  Blair,  in  the  united  charge 
of  Indiana  and  Union,  Aug.  3,  1852,  by  the  Allegheny  Pres- 
bytery. Immediately  after  the  union  of  1858,  Nov.  12,  this 
charge  was  divided,  Mr.  Blair  retaining  Indiana  and  Mr. 
Anderson  the  Union  branch,  with  which,  Ap.   12,   1859,  ^^ 


206  THE   MINISTRY. 

associated  the  congregation  of  Olivet  for  one-third  of  his 
time,  both  of  which  he  resigned  Ap.  19,  '67,     He  was  pastor 
of  Amity,  now  College  Springs,  in  la.,  from  June  26,  1867, 
till  his  death,  Dec.  20,  1869. 
ANDERSON,  Thomas  W.  : 

Was  born  near  West  Hebron,  Washington  Co. ,  N.  Y. ,  Dec. 
27,  1855;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  27,  1879,  ^Y  Alle- 
gheny Pres. ;  was  ordained  June  28,  '80,  by  Philadelphia,  and 
installed  as  pastor  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Baltimore,  Md. 

ANDERSON,  William  Harvey: 

Was  born  Aug.  17,  1851,  near  Cedarville,  Greene  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Wooster  University  in  1878,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Apr.  13,  1881,  by  Xenia 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  11,  '82,  by  Garnett;  pastor  at  Edger- 
ton,  Johnson  Co.,  Kan.,  Jan.  11,  1882-Oct.  20,  '85. 

ANDREW,  James  Hervey  (A.): 

Was  born  May  23,  1823,  ^^  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Oct.  5,  1852,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  or- 
dained Feb.  20,  '55,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  Oxford, 
Pa.,  Feb.  20,  1855-July  29,  '63;  South  Argyle,  N.  Y.,  Ap. 
1864-Jan.  13,  '74;  First  Ch.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  since  May  15, 
1876- 

ANDREW,  William  Hume,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  James  H.,  was  born  in  Xenia,  O. ,  July  28,  1818; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1843,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  16,  1847,  ^Y  ^^^  Pres.  of 
Miami,  and  ordained  Sept.  17,  '48,  by  Iowa;  was  pastor  of 
Washington  and  Columbus  City,  la.,  Sept.  1848-Ap.  '51;  of 
North  Liberty,  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  1853-Ap.  '54;  joined  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Chillicothe  in  May,  1854;  was  pastor  in 
Ripley,  O.,  May,  1854- Ap.  '57;  of  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  at 
Canonsburg,  Pa.,  June  30,  1857-July  26,  '59;  was  appointed 
Dec.  27,  1857,  as  S.  S.  at  Lawrenceville,  (now  7th  Pitts- 
burgh,) and  installed  as  pastor  Sept.  18,  i860,  and  resigned 
Dec.    28,   '75;  was   installed  in  Jan.,    1876,  in  Gait,   Upper 


THE   MINISTRY.  207 

Canada,  where  he  died  March  30,  1879,  from  heart  disease. 
In  May,  1850,  the  Associate  Synod  appointed  him  Missionary 
to  the  Island  of  Trinidad;  in  May,  1851,  he  sailed,  and  landed 
June  28,  in  the  island,  and  found  the  Missionary  buildings 
greatly  out  of  repair,  and  the  ground  now  occupied  by  the 
Free  Church  of  Scotland.  Upon  reporting  these  facts  to  the 
Board  of  Missions  he  was  re-called  and  landed  in  Baltimore, 
Oct.  24,  1851. 
ANDREWS,  John  K.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1821,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1849,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and 
ordained  June  8,  '52,  by  Springfield;  was  pastor  in  Piqua,  O., 
June,  1852-Oct.  26,  '56;  in  Steuben ville,  O.,  Nov.  1 856-' 63; 
was  chaplain  of  the  126th  Ohio  Regiment,  Oct.,  1862-Nov., 
'64;  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1863;  and  is  at  Bed- 
ford, Pa. 
ANDREWS,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  22,  1815,  at  Mount  Pleasant,  Fayette  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin  College  and  Oxford  Seminary; 
was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1843,  by  the  Pres.  of  Mansfield,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  6,  '44,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Savannah,  O., 
Nov.  6,  1844-N0V.  I,  '51;  of  Chartiers  Cross  Roads,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.,  May  31,  1853-Autumn,  '58;  of  Wellsville, 
O.,  June  14,  1859-June  16,  1869,  when  he  died. 

ANDREWS,  Thomas*: 

Was  born  Ap.  lo,  1835,  near  Haysville,  Ashland  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1859,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  by  the  same  June  12,  '60,  sine  titiilo;  was  pastor 
of  the  congregations  of  Calcutta  and  East  Liverpool,  in 
Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  8,  1861,  till  Oct.  6,  '62,  when  he 
died  from  consumption. 

ANNAN,  David  (A.)*: 

A  younger  brother  of  Dr.  Robert,  was  born  in  Cupar,  Fife- 
shire,  Scotland,  Ap.  4,  1754;  he  came  while  young  to  Amer- 
ica, and  was  educated  at  Queen's  College,  in  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  in  the  first  or  second  class  educated  at  that  institution; 


2o8  THE    MINISTRY. 

studied  theology,  most  likely,  with  his  brother  Robert;  was 
licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  also  ordained 
by  the  same  in  Oct.,  1778,  at  Walkill,  N.  Y.,  and  settled  im- 
mediately afterward  at  Peterborough,  in  Hillsborough  Co., 
New  Hampshire.  In  May,  1786,  the  Asso.  Ref  Synod 
erected  Messrs.  Annan,  Morrison  and  Taggart,  with  their 
charges,  into  the  Pres.  of  Londonderry,  and  in  1791,  on  Mr. 
Annan's  motion,  changed  its  name  to  New  England,  al- 
though in  1794  it  took  again  its  old  name.  In  the  summer 
of  1792  he  resigned  his  charge,  and  was  received  by  certificate 
into  the  Pres.  of  New  York  Sept.  12,  1792,  and  in  the  spring 
of  1793  received  and  accepted  a  call  to  Neelytown  and  con- 
nections in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  the  third  Wednesday  of 
Sept.  was  appointed  for  his  installation.  But  he  changed  his 
mind  and  declined  the  call,  and  communicated,  Nov.  13, 
1793,  to  Pres.  his  reasons  for  so  doing,  and  returned  to  New 
England.  Dr.  Blaikie  states  that  "he  had  respectable  talents, 
and  might  have  retained  the  confidence  of  his  people,  but  his 
intemperate  habits,  his  licentious  and  corrupt  conversation, 
and  his  haughty  and  overbearing  manner,  deprived  him  of  all 
respect  and  regard.  His  wife  was  an  estimable  woman,  yet 
was  compelled  by  his  brutal  treatment  to  pass  the  whole 
night  with  her  children  in  the  woods,  and  finally  divorced 
him  on  the  ground  of  extreme  cruelty."  He  was  deposed 
from  the  ministry  in  1800  by  the  Pres.  of  Londonderry,  and 
soon  afterward  went  to  Ireland,  where  he  died  in  1802. 
ANNAN,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1742,  in  Cupar,  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  university  of  St.  Andrew's,  and  studied  theology 
with  the  elder  Moncriefif;  he  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of 
1 761  by  the  Asso.  Presbytery  of  Perth,  when  only  nineteen 
years  old,  and  sailed  the  following  summer  with  John  Mason 
and  John  Smart  for  New  York.  He  connected  himself  im- 
mediately with  the  Asso.  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in 
Oct.,  1762,  received  a  call  from  Marsh  Creek  and  Conewago, 
Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  and  was  ordained  and  installed  there  June 
8,  '63.  He  resigned  this  charge  in  Ap.,  1768,  and  during 
the  following  year  was  installed  as  pastor  of  Little  Britain 
and  connections  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.     During  the  revolu- 


THE   MINISTRY.  209 

tionary  war  he  was  a  consistent  and  earnest  patriot,  and  de- 
fended the  American  cause  in  the  pulpit  and  out  of  it. 
While  the  army  lay  in  winter  quarters  at  Newburgh,  General 
Washington,  accompanied  by  the  Marquis  Lafayette,  Colonel 
Hamilton  and  General  Knox,  paid  him  a  friendly  visit  in 
recognition  of  his  valuable  services.  He  resigned  Neely- 
town,  etc.,  in  the  summer  of  1783,  and  was  pastor  of  the 
Federal  Street  Ch.,  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Sept.  23,  1783,  till  Aug. 
6,  '86,  when  he  took  charge  of  the  Old  Scots'  Ch.,  Spruce 
street,  Philadelphia,  where  he  remained  till  1802,  and  then 
took  charge  of  the  new  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  in  Baltimore, 
Md.  This  he  resigned  in  1812,  and  retired  to  his  farm  in 
Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  near  Andrews'  bridge,  on  the  Octoraro. 
He  still  continued  to  preach  as  he  had  opportunity,  and  as 
Mr.  Dickey,  of  Oxford,  preached  only  every  fourth  Sabbath 
in  his  Octoraro  branch,  he  frequently  preached  there  gratui- 
tously. He  preached  in  Octoraro  on  the  last  Sabbath  in 
Nov.,  1819,  from  Rom.  v.  2:  "By  whom  also  we  have  access 
by  faith  into  this  grace  wherein  we  stand,  and  rejoice  in  hope 
of  the  glory  of  God. ' '  Not  being  able  to  finish  the  discussion, 
he  appointed  the  next  Sabbath  to  complete  it,  and  while  on 
his  way  to  the  church  was  thrown  with  great  violence  from 
his  carriage,  was  taken  up  insensible  and  so  remained  two  or 
three  days,  and  then  died  Dec.  5,  1819.  Publications:  An 
Overture  Illustrating  the  Westminster  Confession  of  Faith, 
prepared  by  order  of  the  Synod  in  1787.  He  wrote  most  of 
this.  A  Narrative  of  the  Division  Among  the  Members  of 
the  Associate  Body  in  the  United  States:  1789.  On  Univer- 
sal Salvation:  1790.  The  Connection  Between  Civil  Govern- 
ment and  Religion:  1790.  A  long  newspaper  controversy 
with  Dr.  Rush,  of  Philadelphia,  on  Capital  Punishment: 
1790. 
ARBUTHNOT,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  near  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Dec.  i,  1796,  and  spent 
the  most  of  his  youth  near  Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1823;  studied  theology  privately  and  mainly 
with  his  pastor,  the  Rev.  James  Harvey;  was  licensed  in 
1825,  by  the  Pres.  of  Washington  (Presbyterian)  and  was  or- 
dained Ap.  4,  '26,  by  the  Pres.  of  Lancaster;  was  pastor  of 


2IO  THE   MINISTRY. 

the  Presbyterian  Ch.  at  Pleasant  Hill,  Muskingum  Co.,  O., 
Ap.,  i826-'3i;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio  in 
the  spring  of  1831;  was  pastor  of  Plymouth,  Vermillion  and 
Eden,  in  Richland  Co.,  O.,  June  21,  1832-41;  of  Greenfield 
and  Fall  Creek,  O.,  1841-51;  of  Unity,  Adams  Co.,  i854-'66; 
was  also  Principal  of  the  Grammar  School  in  North  Liberty, 
Adams  Co.,  1851-3.  Died  at  Wheat  Ridge,  Adams  Co.,  O., 
Ap.  10,  1880. 

ARCHIBALD,  George  D.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1820,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1847;  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1849,  ^y  the  Pres.  of  Mononga- 
hela,  and  ordained  by  the  same  June  25,  '50;  was  pastor  ot 
Manchester,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  i850-'55;  of  Cincinnati, 
1855-60;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Jan.,  1861,  and  was 
in  it  pastor  of  the  First  Ch.,  Madison,  Ind.,  i86i-'66;  of 
Westminster  Ch.,  New  York  city,  1866-68;  President  of 
Hanover  College  1868-70;  Prof,  of  Homiletics,  Polity  and 
Pastoral  Theology  in  Danville  Theological  Seminary,  1870- 
'83,  except  one  year,  when  the  Seminary  was  suspended,  dur- 
ing which  he  was  President  of  Wilson  Female  College,  at 
Chambersburg,  Pa. 

ARMSTRONG,  James  G.,  D.  D.: 

Was  born  July  24,  1836,  in  Ballymena,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Queen's  College,  Belfast,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  May  31,  1859,  ^7  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  15,  '59,  by  Sidney;  pastor  of  Sidney,  O,  Nov., 
1859-Oct.  27,  '63;  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Nov.,  i863-'69.  He 
then  joined  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  and  was  rector 
of  several  Episcopal  Churches,  the  last  at  Augusta,  Ga. 

ARMSTRONG,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Oct.,  1828,  at  Leesburg,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853,  ^^^^  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Aug.  14,  1855,  by  the  Pres.  of  Law- 
rence, and  ordained  by  the  same  Sept.  16,  '56;  was  pastor  of 
Bethel  and  Beulah,  in  Mercer  Co.,  1 856-' 68;  S.  S.  at  Lees- 
burg and  Harbor  i870-'73;  pastor  of  Shenango,  Oct.  12, 
1875-Sept.  II,  ''']-].     Died  June  25,    1879,  at  Greenville,  Pa. 


THE   MINISTRY.  211 

ARMSTRONG,  Robert  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Midholm,  Roxborouglishire,  Scotland,  and 
was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  studied 
theology  with  Archibald  Bruce  at  Whitburn;  was  licensed  in 
the  autumn  of  1796  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Kelso,  and  ordained 
June  15,  '97,  by  the  same.  He  was  both  licensed  and  or- 
dained with  the  intention  of  going  to  America.  In  1796 
some  Scotch  Seceders,  living  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  applied  to 
the  Synod  for  a  preacher,  and  in  answer  Mr.  Armstrong  and 
Mr.  A.  Fulton  were  sent  in  the  summer  of  1797.  They  tar- 
ried during  the  subsequent  winter  in  western  Pennsylvania, 
and  arrived  in  Kentucky  in  the  summer  of  1798,  and  on  the 
28th  of  Nov.  organized,  according  to  instruction,  the  Pres. 
of  Kentucky,  subordinate  to  the  General  Associate  Synod  of 
Scotland.  He  was  installed  Ap.  23,  1799,  as  pastor  of  Davis' 
Fork,  Miller's  Run  and  Cane  Run,  and  so  labored  until  the 
autumn  of  1804,  when  he  and  his  three  congregations  became 
so  heartily  sick  of  slavery  that  they  rose  en  masse  and  mi- 
grated to  Greene  Co. ,  O.  Here  they  were  organized  into  two 
congregations,  Massie's  Creek  and  Sugar  Creek,  and  on  the 
2d  of  Sept.  the  Presbytery  ordered  him  to  take  charge  of  them 
without  the  formality  of  re-installation.  In  181 1  he  gave  up 
the  Sugar  Creek  branch,  and  continued  at  Massie's  Creek 
until  January  9,  1821,  when  he  resigned  with  the  intention  of 
going  to  Flat  Rock,  Ind.,  but  before  he  could  accomplish  this 
he  died  Oct.  14,  182 1.  He  was  remarkable  for  the  smallness 
of  his  body,  both  low  in  stature  and  slight  in  form,  but  pos- 
sessed a  vigorous  mind  and  good  acquirements,  and  received 
a  very  respectable  vote  in  the  Synod  of  182 1  as  the  only  com- 
petitor of  Dr.  Ramsay  for  the  Professorship  of  Theology. 
Publications:  Some  Letters  to  Friends  in  Scotland;  A  Ser- 
mon on  Romans  viii.  32,  and  a  Charge  delivered  at  the  in- 
stallation of  the  Rev.  W.  Hume. 
ARMSTRONG,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  13,  1813,  at  Faughanvale,  in  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  Pa.  in  1844,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1846,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Monongahela,  and  ordained  June  29,  '47,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  Mount  Gilead,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  June,  1847- 


212  THE   MINISTRY. 

^V-  ^9)  '53;  of  the  Third  Asso.  Ref.,  Phila.,  Pa.,  May  15, 
1855-N0V.  20,  '60;  of  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  Mar.  12,  i86i-Oct. 
21,  '68;  of  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  Dec.  2,  i868-Ap.  25,  '71;  was  in- 
stalled in  the  Second  Ch.,  Jersey  City,  Jan.  10,  1872.  Pnbli- 
cations:  Thirteen  Reasons  why  a  Christian  should  not  be  a 
Free  Mason,  1871;  The  Sabbath  Vindicated,  i6mo.,  1880. 
ARNOLD,  George  Cavit  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  19,  1825,  i^  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1852,  by  the  Pres.  of  Monongahela,  and 
ordained  Jan.  10,  '55,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  the  Sec- 
ond Asso.  Ref.  congregation  of  Philadelphia,  now  the  Fourth 
U.  P.,  from  his  ordination  till  his  death.  In  Feb.,  1863,  he 
had  a  severe  hemorrhage  of  the  lungs,  which  interrupted  his 
labors,  and  in  Sept.  he  made  a  visit  to  western  Wisconsin  for 
the  sake  of  its  climate,  but  receiving  no  benefit  started  on  his 
return  to  the  East,  and  arrived  in  Chicago  on  Saturday,  the 
28th,  and  died  there  in  a  hotel  on  Monday,  the  30th  of  Nov., 
1863.  He  was  tutor  i849-'50,  and  subsequently  declined  the 
Professorship  of  Mathematics  in  Jefferson  College,  and  was 
co-editor  of  the  Christian  Instructor  1859-62.  He  was  a 
writer  of  vigor  and  elegance,  and  contributed  largely  to  the 
periodical  press. 
ARNOTT,  Andrew  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1722,  in  Portmoak,  in  Kinrosshire,  Scotland; 
was  thoroughly  educated  and  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of 
Kinross;  was  ordained  in  1752,  and  installed  at  Midholm; 
came  with  Mr.  Gellatly  in  1753  to  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  where 
they  organized  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  Nov.  2,  1753. 
After  spending  a  year  in  missionary  labors  he  returned  in 
1754  to  Scotland,  and  resumed  his  charge  at  Midholm,  where 
he  continued  until  his  death,  which  occurred  May  18,  1803. 
ARNOTT,  Moses  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  18,  1820,  in  Cambridge,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1841,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June,  1845,  ^Y  Allegheny, 
and  ordained  June  15,  '46,  by  Cambridge  Pres. ;  was  pastor 
of  Carmel  and  Bethel,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.,  i847-'74.  Died 
at  Hanover,  Ind.,  July  3,  1874. 


THE   MINISTRY.  213 

ARTHUR,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Peebles,  in  Scotland,  where  his  father  was  the 
minister;  entered  the  Anti-burgher  Hall,  then  under  William 
Moncrieff,  in  1781,  and  was  there  a  class-mate  of  Archibald 
Whyte  and  John  Cree;  was  licensed  in  1786,  and  soon  after 
emigrated  to  the  U.  S.  It  is  not  certainly  known  when  and 
by  whom  ordained,  but  was  a  member  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1793,  and  passed  in  May,  1794,  to  the 
Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  during  the  summer  sup- 
plied Neelytown  and  connections,  in  Orange  Co.  On  the 
22d  of  Oct.  he  received  a  unanimous  call  from  these  churches, 
with  a  salary  "of  ;^I50,  parsonage,  barn,  sufficient  land  for 
two  horses,  four  cows,  and  smaller  cattle  in  proportion."  He 
declined  the  call  "for  a  variety  of  reasons  which  he  could 
not  with  propriety  mention."  In  1795  he  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.,  and  settled  at  Pequea,  Pa.,  and  died  there  in  1827. 

ASHENHURST,  James  Young  (A.): 

Was  born  June  29,  1818,  in  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  privately;  was  licensed 
Oct.  28,  1844,  by  the  Ref  Dissenting  Pres.,  and  ordained  by 
the  same  May  19,  '45;  was  pastor  of  Short  Creek,  Three 
Ridges,  Forks  of  Wheeling  and  Forks  of  Yough,  May,  1845- 
Oct.,  '52,  when,  having  united  with  the  Asso.  Ch.,  he  and 
one  or  two  others  resigned  their  charges  for  the  purpose  of 
combining  feeble  churches  in  the  same  neighborhood;  was 
pastor  of  Dalton,  O.,  Ap.,  1854-Oct.,  '56;  was  installed  at 
Haysville  and  Savannah  Nov.,  1856;  resigned  the  latter  in 
'59  and  the  former  in  Nov.,  '72.  Spent  from  the  autumn  of 
1872  till  May,  '77,  in  exploring  Mecklenberg  Co.,  Va.,  and 
in  organizing  and  supplying  Chase  City  and  Stanton  River. 
Retired  in  May,  1877,  because  of  ill-health,  to  Blaine,  Bel- 
mont Co.,  O. 

ASHENHURST,  JAMES  OLIVER: 

Son  of  James  Y.  Was  born  Aug.  11,  1861,  at  Haysville, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1883,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1887,  ^Y 
Wheeling,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '87,  by  Mansfield,  and  in 
Oct.  sailed  as  missionary  for  Egypt. 


214  THE   MINISTRY. 

ASHTON,  Andrew  Foster: 

Was  born  in  White  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb. 
17,  1837;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1861,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1864,  by  the  Pres. 
of  Xenia,  and  ordained  sine  titulo  Oct.  19,  '66,  by  Michigan; 
was  S.  S.  two  years  in  Centreville,  Mich.,  and  one  year  in 
Vinton,  Iowa;  was  pastor  of  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Oct.  18,  1870-Jan.,  '74;  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Butler  Co.,  O.,  Ap. 
7,  1874-Sept.  30,  '84. 

ATCHISON,  John  Mitchel: 

Was  born  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Musk- 
ingum in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
in  Ap.,  1872,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  18, 
''']'^^  by  Rock  Island;  pastor  of  Cedar  Creek,  Warren  Co.,  111., 
Feb.  18,  1873-Jan.  3,  '84;  Irwin,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa., 
Sept.  I,  1884- 

ATCHISON,  Robert  Ramsey*: 

Was  born  Nov.  20,  1843,  i^  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1869,  by  the  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Feb.  21,  '71,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  at  Fredericksburg, 
O.,  Feb.  21,  1871-Oct.  15,  '78.  Died  Oct.  6,  1882,  of  con- 
sumption. 

ATCHISON,  Thomas  Cunningham: 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1855,  at  Bloomfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  June  8,  1880,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  12,  '81,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  at  Mansfield,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

ATEN,  Adrian  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  30,  1800,  near  New  Castle,  Henry  Co.,  Ky., 
whither  his  father  had  removed  from  his  native  place  in 
Washington  Co.,  Pa.  The  family  came  from  Holland,  and 
more  remotely  from  Scotland,  where  the  name  was  spelled 
"Aytoun."  He  was  graduated  at  the  Ohio  University, 
Athens,  in  1824;  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  John 
Thompson,  of  Springdale,  Hamilton  Co.,  and  was  licensed 
by  the  Miami  Pres.  (Presbyterian)  Ap.  10,  1826.     On  Nov. 


THE   MINISTRY.  215 

13,  '27,  he  was  ordained  and  installed  by  the  same  Pres.  as 
pastor  of  the  church  at  "New  Jersey,"  now  Carlisle,  Warren 
Co.,  O.  The  next  autumn  he  was  encouraged  by  an  out- 
pouring of  the  Spirit,  when  eighty-one  made  a  profession  of 
religion.  He  resigned  in  Oct.,  1833;  was  of  Springdale  con- 
gregation the  pastor  from  1834  till  '41:  served  a  church  in 
Rossville,  Butler  Co.,  for  a  year;  was  pastor  of  the  congrega- 
tion of  Red  Oak,  Brown  Co.,  from  1842  till  '46,  when,  because 
of  the  action  of  the  Assembly  of  1845  ^^pon  slavery,  he  left 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  on  the  8th  of  Dec,  1846,  joined  the 
Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Chillicothe;  was  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 
congregation  at  Springdale  i848-'57;  supplied  the  church  at 
Richmond,  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  1858-66;  was  pastor  of  Vienna 
congregation.  Rush  Co.,  Ind.,  1 866-' 70,  when  from  the  in- 
firmities of  age  he  retired  from  the  active  duties  of  the  minis- 
try, and  died  Dec.  22,  1881,  at  Hamilton,  O.  During  his 
ministry  he  preached  5,010  times.  During  the  first  20  years 
he  averaged  130  sermons  per  year;  during  the  first  40  years 
he  averaged  113,  and  during  the  first  50  years  the  average  was 
over  99  per  year. 
ATEN,  John  Long: 

Son  of  Adrian,  was  born  at  Glendale,  Hamilton  Co..  O. , 
Aug.  7,  1836;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1855,  and  studied 
theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1857,  ^7  ^^^  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio  (A.  R.),  and  was  ordained  Feb.  8,  '60,  by  Lake; 
was  pastor  of  Wayne  congregation,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.,  1860- 
Feb.,  '63;  of  College  Corner,  Butler  Co.,  O.,  Jan.,  1864-Dec., 
'75;  of  Cleveland,  O.,  Ap.  11,  1876-June,  '79;  S.  S.,  Madison, 
Ind. 

AUSTIN,  James  G.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Ireland;  was  educated  at  the  Pennsylvania 
University  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
June  26,  1844,  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  ordained 
July  6,  '48,  by  Cambridge;  pastor  of  Hemmingsford  and 
Hinchinbrook,  in  Canada,  July,  1848-July,  '51;  accepted,  Ap. 
16,  1861,  a  call  from  the  congregation  of  Martin,  in  Michigan, 
and  arrangements  were  made  for  his  installation,  but,  for  pru- 
dential reasons,  it  was  subsequently  postponed.  On  the  nth 
of  Oct.  he  was  suspended,  and  on  the  loth  of  Dec,  1861,  de- 


2l6  THE    MINISTRY. 

posed  from  the  ministry  and  excommunicated  from  the 
church  by  the  Pres.  of  Michigan,  and  was  lately  engaged  in 
secular  pursuits  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

BAILEY,  John  Archibald: 

Was  born  May  22,  1835,  at  Candor,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  ^^^^  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  3,  1862,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and 
ordained  by  the  same  June  23,  '63;  was  installed  over  George- 
town, New  Vernon  and  Rocky  Spring  June  23,  1863;  was  re- 
leased from  the  last,  Feb.  5,  '67,  and  from  the  other  two  Feb. 
2,  '69;  was  pastor  of  Sidney,  O.,  June  15,  1869-May  16,  '76; 
Wellsville,  O. ,  Jan.  10,  1877-Dec.  12,  '82;  Sharon,  Pa..  June 
12,  1883- 

BAILEY,  Samuel  M.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  18,  1848,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
educated  at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  May  2,  1876,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
12,  ''']']^  by  Indiana,  and  was  pastor  of  Shiloh  congregation, 
Henry  Co.,  Ind.,  Ap.  1877-Jan.  3,  '81;  of  Cadiz,  O.,  June  14, 
i88i-Jan.  26,  '86;  Clifton,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  27,  1886- 

BAIN,  John  Wallace: 

Was  born  Ap.  i,  1833,  near  Hanover,  Ind.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia,  O. ; 
was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1859,  ^Y  ^^^  Pres.  of  Southern  Indiana, 
and  ordained  Nov.  12,  '61,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of  Can- 
onsburg.  Pa.,  Nov.,i86i-June,  '67;  of  Sidney,  O.,  Sept., 
1867-Sept.,  '68;  of  New  Castle,  Pa.,  Sept,  i868-Ap.,  '73; 
Third  Ch.,  Allegheny,  Ap.,  1873-June,  '74;  Chicago,  111., 
July,  1874-June,  ''^']^  and  Hamilton,  O.,  Oct.  1877-Mar.  3,  '82. 
Joined  the  Presbyterian  Church  and  is  pastor  in  Altoona,  Pa. 
Publications:  God's  Songs  and  the  Singer;  Secret  Orders; 
The  Bible  in  the  Schools;  A  Sermon  on  The  Theatre;  A 
Sennon  on  Our  Position  on  Communion;  A  Sermon  in  Reply 
to  Professor  Swing's  Weakness  of  Christianity;  Several  Ad- 
dresses. 

BAIRD,  James  Robertson: 

Was  born  Ap.  23,  1828,  at  Lanark,  Ontario,  Canada;  was 
educated  at  Ottawa,  and  studied  theology  four  years  with 


THE   MINISTRY.  217 

Prof.  H.  B.  Knight;  was  licensed  in  March,  i860,  by  the 
Wesleyan  connection,  came  to  the  State  of  New  York  in 
1862,  and  was  ordained  May  4,  1864  by  the  Wesleyan  Church, 
and  labored  in  its  ministry  until  June,  1881,  when  he  joined 
the  United  Presbyterian  Church;  pastor  of  Brockway  and 
Fremont,  Mich,  since  June  10,  1884. 

BAIRD,  Thomas  Frame*: 

Was  born  Sept.  14,  1824,  near  Antrim,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Madison  College,  Antrim,  in  1856,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  28,  1859,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  23,  '61,  by  Big  Spring;  was  pastor 
of  Lower  Chanceford,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  June  14,  1865,  from  brain 
fever. 

BALDRIDGE,  Benjamin  Logan  (A.  R.): 

Twelfth  and  youngest  son  of  the  Rev.  William;  was  born 
Feb.  9,  1821,  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in 
1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  May, 
1848,  by  the  Pres.  of  Indiana,  and  ordained  Jan.  10,  '51,  by 
Michigan;  was  pastor  of  Centreville,  Mich.,  Jan.  10,  1851- 
autumn  of  '57;  was  sent  by  the  Synod  of  1857  ^^  ^  missionary 
to  Kansas,  and  laboring  for  some  time  in  Leavenworth  city, 
organized  a  congregation  and  was  settled  as  its  pastor.  This 
relation  was  dissolved  in  May,  1866,  was  then  chaplain  of  the 
Kansas  State  Prison;  and  was,  June  8,  1876,  commissioned 
as  chaplain  in  the  U.  S.  army. 

BALDRIDGE,  Samuel  Caldwell  (A.  R.)  :* 

Son  of  the  Rev.  William;  was  born  Feb.  18,  1801,  in  Rock- 
bridge Co.,  Va. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1826,  in  the  first 
class  graduated  by  that  institution;  studied  theology  in  Alle- 
gheny in  the  second  class  entered  under  Dr.  Kerr.  He  was 
licensed  Ap.  29,  1829,  ^Y  ^^^  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained June  3,  '30,  by  the  same;  took  charge  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Churches  in  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  in  the  spring  of  1830,  al- 
though not  formally  installed,  because  of  the  remoteness  of 
the  locality,  until  May,  1833,  and  then  by  the  newly  organ- 
ized Pres.  of  Indiana.  He  resigned  this  charge  in  May,  1836; 
was  installed  at  Princeton,  Ind. ,  in  the  spring  of  1837,  with 

15 


2l8  THE   MINISTRY. 

whicli  was  associated  for  some  time  the  congregation  at 
Carmi,  111.;  resigned  in  1853;  was  pastor  of  Providence  con- 
gregation, Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.,  summer  of  1856-61;  of  Sharon, 
Wells  Co.,  Ind.,  July,  1863-66;  and  died  Aug.  4,  1867,  near 
Ogden,  Henry  Co.,  Ind.     His  last  words  were,  "I  am  happy." 

BALDRIDGE,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1760  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  where  his  grand- 
parents, Irish  Covenanters,  had  settled  in  1745;  in  1764  his 
parents  removed  to  the  Catawba  river,  in  Lincoln  Co.,  North 
Carolina,  and  in  1776,  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  he  joined  a  com- 
pany of  cavalry  and  served  in  the  army  to  the  end  of  the 
Revolutionary  war.  He  then  commenced  the  study  of  the 
languages  with  Rev.  Robert  Findley,  and  soon  passed  to 
Dickinson  College,  Carlisle,  Pa. ,  where  he  was  graduated  in 
1790  at  the  head  of  a  class  of  twelve.  He  studied  theology 
for  a  year  with  Mr.  Dobbin,  of  Gettysburg,  and  finished  with 
Dr.  Nesbit,  of  Carlisle,  Pa. ;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of 
1792  by  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained  by  the  same 
in  Aug.,  '93;  was  pastor  of  the  churches  in  the  Forks  of  the 
James  River,  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.,  1793-Oct.  18,  1803;  re- 
mained as  stated  supply  of  these  same  congregations  in  con- 
nection with  Timber  Ridge  till  June,  1809,  when  he  ac- 
cepted a  call  to  Cherry  Fork  and  West  Fork,  Adams  Co.,  O., 
where  many  of  his  families  had  gone;  here  he  remained  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  Oct.  26,  1830,  from  "dropsy  of  the 
chest."  He  was  twice  elected  President  of  Washington  Col- 
lege, at  Lexington,  Va.,  but  declined  because  the  scarcity  of 
ministers  would  not  warrant  his  withdrawal  from  active  min- 
isterial work.  Publications:  Three  Sermons  ;in  the  Pulpit  of 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

BALDRIDGE,  Wilson  Reid: 

Was  born  in  1857,  in  McLean  Co.,  111.,  and  joined  the 
church  of  White  Oak  Grove  when  twelve  years  old;  was  grad- 
uated in  1879,  ^t  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  April  4,  1882,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sep.  12,  '82,  by  Bloomington;  pastor  of  Piper  City,  Ford  Co., 
111.,  Sep.  12,  1882-Sep.  12,  '83;  S.  S.  of  Mitchel,  Neb., 
1883-7;  pastor  St.  Charles,  Madison  Co.,  la.,  May,  1887- 


THR   MINISTRY.  219 

B ALLANTINE,  James  (A. )  * : 

Was  born  in  Dec.  1819,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  in 
1828  his  father  came  to  America  and  the  family  followed  in 
1831;  settled  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  and  connected  themselves 
with  the  Asso,  Ref  congregation.  He  learned  a  trade  and 
married,  and,  by  working  at  his  trade,  acquired  the  means  to 
defray  the  expenses  of  his  education.  He  was  educated  at 
Jefferson,  but  not  graduated,  and,  having  transferred  his  ec- 
clesiastical connection  to  the  Asso.  Church,  he  studied  the- 
ology at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  15,  1847,  ^Y  Char- 
tiers  Pres. ;  was  ordained  Sep.  19,  '48,  by  Cambridge,  and 
installed  pastor  at  West  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
where  he  died  Oct.  24,  1849,  from  pneumonia. 
BALPH,  Thomas,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  17,  1831,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Butler  Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  29,  1863,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  30, 
'64,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  at  Mount  Prospect,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  30,  1864-Ap.  30,  '74;  and  at  St.  Clairsville,  O., 
since  Jan.  26,  1875.  He  was  eight  years  a  teacher,  and  was 
county  superintendent  of  Butler  in  1857,  and  had  been  or- 
dained a  ruling  elder  Jan.,  1858,  by  Dr.  Niblock,  in  Butler. 

BANKS,  John,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  or  about  the  year  1763,  in  Sterling,  Scotland; 
received  a  thorough  classical  and  theological  education,  and 
was  settled  for  a  short  time  as  a  pastor  in  the  Associate  Pres- 
bytery of  Edinburgh.  He  came  to  this  country  in  1796,  and 
for  a  year  supplied  the  Asso.  congregation  in  New  York,  left 
vacant  by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Cree;  was  pastor  of  Cam- 
bridge (Coila),  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sep.,  1799-June,  1802; 
of  Florida,  Montgomery  Co.,  Sep.  30,  1803-Feb.,  '16;  S.  S. 
in  Philadelphia  i8i6-'i8,  and  then  pastor  June  1818-April 
'26.  He  opened  a  classical  school  in  Philadelphia,  and  also 
took  charge  of  the  preparatory  department  in  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  taught  a  private  class  in  Hebrew,  com- 
posed mainly  of  city  ministers.  At  the  division  of  the  Asso- 
ciate Seminary  into  eastern  and  western  he  was  elected,  in 
May,  1820,  as  professor  of  the  eastern,  in  Philadelphia.  As 
a  Hebraist  he  had  no  superior  in  this  country.     He  wrote  the 


220  THE   MINISTRY. 

language  with  great  ease,  and  could  quote  from  memory  from 
almost  any  part  of  the  Hebrew  Bible,  April  lo,  1826,  he 
died  very  suddenly  from  apoplexy.  Publication  :  A  Sermon 
on  the  Unsearchable  Riches  of  Christ,  preached  in  1802  at 
the  ordination  of  Thomas  Hamilton. 
BANKS,  Joseph  (A.):* 

Son  of  Rev.  Dr.  John;  was  born  July  27,  1806,  at  Florida, 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1823;  studied  theology  with  his  father  imtil  his  death,  in 
1826;  was  licensed  Oct.  i,  1828,  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadelphia, 
and  ordained  Oct.  15,  '31,  by  the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas;  was 
pastor  of  Bethany  and  Sardis,  in  S.  C,  and  Pisgah  and  Nob 
Creek,  in  N.  C,  Oct.,  i83i-'33;  was  settled  in  the  congrega- 
tions of  Northfield,  Stow  and  Springfield,  in  Summit  Co.,  O., 
i834-'39;  was  chaplain  of  the  Western  Penitentiary  of  Penn- 
sylvania; was  missionary  in  the  island  of  Trinidad  i843-'5i; 
in  185 1  he  established  The  Frietid  of  Missions^  a  semi- 
monthly paper,  and  died  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  April  8,  1859,  from 
consumption. 

BARCLAY,  David: 

Was  born  Jan.  27,  1836,  in  Moorfield,  Harrison  Co.,  Ohio; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  24,  1864,  by  the  Pres.  of  Wheel- 
ing, and  ordained  by  the  same,  sine  tihdo^  July  6,  '65;  was 
installed  June  25,  1867,  in  Hebron  congregation,  by  the  Pres- 
bytery of  Monongahela.  Publication:  Chapter  H  of  the  His- 
tory of  Monongahela  Presbytery. 
BARCLAY,  Joseph  B.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1820  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Franklin 
in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
Oct.  12,  1851,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the 
same  in  July,  '52,  and  installed  pastor  of  Glade  Run  and  West 
Union,  and  Calcutta.  October  i,  1857,  he  was  deposed  from 
the  ministry  "  for  immorality  of  conduct."  He  was,  July  2, 
1861,  restored  by  the  Presbytery  of  Mercer,  was  pastor  of 
Centre  congregation,  Mercer  Presbytery,  Ap.,  1862-68; 
moved  to  Lee's  Summit,  Mo.,  in  1871,  and  soon  afterward 
abandoned  the  ministry  and  became  engaged  in  secular  busi- 
ness in  or  near  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  where  he  died  Nov.  13,  1880. 


THE   MINISTRY.  221 

BARCROFT,  Ambrose  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1805  in  Blount  Co.,  Tenn. ;  was  graduated 
at  Washington  College,  in  Washington  Co.,  Tenn.,  and  stud- 
ied theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  26,  1842,  by 
Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  Illinois  in  the  autumn  of '43, 
and  installed  at  Apple  Creek,  111.,  where  he  died  in  the  au- 
tumn of  1844. 
BARNES,  John  Gibson  *: 

Was  born  Dec.  4,  1833,  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1861,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug. 
12,  '62,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  at  West  Union  and  Glade 
Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  1 862-' 70;  of  the  First  Church, 
Monmouth,  111.,  1870,  until  his  death,  which  took  place  March 
16,  1880,  from  consumption. 
BARNES,  Robert  Hanna  : 

Was  born  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. ;  graduated  at  Monmouth  in 
1873,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  15,  1874,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
23,  ^'j^^  by  Keokuk;  pastor  of  Keota,  Keokuk  Co.,  la.,  June 
23,  1875-June  5,  '82;  Tarkio,  Atchison  Co.,  Mo.,  Dec.  i,  '82 
-'85,  and  York,  Page  Co.,  la.,  June  5,  '82- 
BARNETT,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  16,  1817,  in  Hanover,  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa., 
but  his  parents  soon  after  that  moved  to  Butler  and  then  War- 
ren Co.,  Ohio.  They  left  the  Presbyterian  and  joined  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  from  attachment  to  the  Old  Psalms.  He  was 
graduated  at  Miami  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford; 
was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1842,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and 
traveled  over  3,000  miles  in  Illinois  and  Iowa  in  a  tour  of  mis- 
sionary prospecting;  was  chosen  by  General  Synod,  in  the 
spring  of  1844,  ^s  missionary  to  Palestine,  and  was  ordained 
July  23,  by  his  Presbytery,  and  sailed  in  Jan.,  1845,  landed  at 
Beirut,  Syria,  Feb.  18,  and  after  commencing  the  study  of 
the  Arabic  language,  and  prospecting  the  country,  began 
mission  work  in  Damascus  in  1846.  In  Dec,  1854,  he  re- 
moved to  Egypt,  and,  with  the  Rev.  Thomas  McCague, 
founded  the  mission  in  Cairo.  In  1875  he  retired  from  the 
mission  and  returned  home,  and  as  health  allowed  labored  in 


222  THE   MINISTRY. 

the  home  missionary  field,  principally  at  Emporia,  Lyon  Co., 
Kan.,  until  his  death,  Oct.  2,  1884,  from  cystitis. 
BARR,  James  Smith,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  1832,  in  Somerset  township,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1858,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers 
June  19,  i860,  and  being  appointed  the  next  spring  as  mis- 
sionary to  India,  was  ordained  June  25,  '61,  by  Chartiers; 
sailed  Sept.  23,  and  arrived  at  Sialkot,  in  Northern  India,  in 
December.  He  is  still  stationed  there,  and  is  specially  en- 
gaged as  a  theological  teacher  of  native  young  men  preparing 
for  the  ministry. 
BARR,  William  Bicket: 

Was  born  Nov.  10,  1851,  at  McAlevy's  Fort,  Huntingdon 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1875,  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  23,  1878,  by 
the  Pres.  of  Big  Spring,  and  ordained  June  10,  '79,  by  Butler; 
pastor  of  Springfield  three-fourths  and  Pine  Grove  one-fourth 
time,  June  10,  1879-Ap.  28,  '85;  New  Brighton,  Pa.,  July  14, 
1885- 
BARR,  William  Wilson,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Sept.  11,  1832,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  June  15,  1858,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  28,  1859,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia;  has 
been  pastor  of  the  Eighth  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Phila- 
delphia, since  his  ordination.  Was  editor  of  the  Evangelical 
Repository  1860-1879,  and  co-editor  of  the  Ou^istian  Instruc- 
tor for  a  number  of  years,  and  Moderator  of  the  General  As- 
sembly of  1875.  Publications:  Secret  Societies,  pp.  21; 
Christian  Beneficence,  pp.  8;  The  Psalms  and  their  Use,  pp. 
14;  How  to  keep  the  Sabbath,  pp.  12;  Historical  Sketch  of 
the  Eighth  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  pp.  12. 
BASFIELD,  Titus  (A.  and  Colored)*: 

Was  born  a  slave  in  1806,  in  Virginia,  and  after  being 
taken  to  Blount  Co.,  Tenn.,  was  purchased  and  freed  by  the 
Rev.  David  Carson;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  29,  1842,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,   and  ordained  in  Ap.,   '50,   by  Ohio;  was  en- 


THE   MINISTRY.  223 

gaged  for  nearly  twenty  years  as  missionary  in  Canada  West 
among  the  fugitive  slaves  that  had  located  there.  Declined 
the  union  in  1858,  and  retired  in  feeble  health  to  Washington, 
la.,  where  he  died  Ap.  17,  1881.  In  i860  he  published  an 
Avitobiography,  pp.  75. 
BAUGH,  John  M: 

Was  born  in  Highland  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Mon- 
mouth in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was 
licensed  in  May,  1865,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
25,  '66,  by  Bloomington;  pastor  of  Biggsville,  111,,  i866-'67; 
of  Bloomington,  111.,  1868-69;  ^^  Chicago,  1869-Ap.  2,  '73. 
Joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  pastor  at  Oskaloosa,  la. 

BEARD,  James  D.  : 

Was  born  in  Union  Co.,  O. ;  educated  at  Franklin  and 
studied  theology  privately;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1862 
by  the  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  in  the 
spring  of  '64;  was  pastor  of  Centreville,  Appanoose  Co.,  la., 
1 864-' 66;  deposed  from  the  ministry  in  Oct.,  1866. 
BEGGS,  Isaac  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1800  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug.  8,  1826,  by  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  by  the  same  Sept.  19,  '27;  was  pastor  of  Mercer, 
Springfield  and  Rocky  Springs,  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept., 
i827-'36;  was  deposed  from  the  ministry  in  1839  for  im- 
morality; taught  school  for  a  short  time  in  the  south,  after 
which  he  returned  to  Butler  Co.  and  died. 
BELL,  James  R.  *: 

Was  born  in  Mercer  Co. ,  Pa. ;  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  24, 
i860,  by  the  Pres.  of  Xenia,  and  ordained  Oct.  11,  '61  by 
Michigan;  was  pastor  of  Salem,  Boone  Co.,  Ind.,  i86i-'7o; 
of  Elvaston,  Hancock  Co.,  111.,  1871-Ap.  i,  '73,  when  he 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  took  the  congregation  with 
him,  and  continued  pastor  until  his  death,  Sept.  3,  1883. 

BERRY,  Samuel  P.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1823  ^^  the  bounds  of  Robinson  Run  congre- 
gation, Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June 


224  'I'HE   MINISTRY. 

29,  1847,  ^y  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  27,  '49, 
by  First  Ohio,  and  installed  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Butler  Co.,  O., 
and  died  Dec.  9,  1850,  of  consumption.  Publication:  A  Ser- 
mon in  Vol.  I  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 
BEST,  John  William  : 

Was  born  Mar.  12,  1850,  near  Clarksville,  Mercer  Co. ,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1875,  and  studied  theology 
at  New  Haven,  Conn.,  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  27, 
1878,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '81,  by  Steuben- 
ville;  pastor  of  West  Beaver,  and  New  Lebanon,  Columbiana 
Co.,  O.,  since  June  14,  1881. 
BEVERIDGE,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  9,  1796,  at  Kirkaldy,  Scotland,  and  settled 
in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  in  1818,  and  was  ordained  a  ruling 
elder  in  the  Asso.  Ref  congregation  of  that  place  in  1823. 
He  was  received  as  a  student  of  theology  by  the  Pres.  of  New 
York  in  1826,  and  spent  the  session  of  1827  i^  ^^^^  ^^f-  Dutch 
Seminary  at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.  His  studies  were  then 
intermitted  until  the  opening  of  the  Seminary  at  Newburgh, 
where  he  completed  his  course;  was  licensed  Jan.  4,  1832,  by 
the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained  sine  titulo  Nov.  8,  '32, 
by  Caledonia;  was  S.  S.  at  Erin,  in  Chemung  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1833-36,  and  pastor  1836-May  14,  '51,  and  died  Mar.  4, 
1855,  in  Newburgh,  of  heart  disease, 
BEVERIDGE,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  at  Eastside,  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  in  1749;  was 
graduated  at  one  of  the  Scottish  universities;  studied  theol- 
ogy with  William  Moncrieff,  of  Alloa;  soon  after  licensure  he 
became  assistant  of  Adam  Gib,  of  Edinburgh;  was  ordained 
in  the  early  spring  of  1784  by  the  Asso.  Pres,  of  Edinburgh, 
and  immediately  sailed  for  America;  joined  the  Asso,  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania  May  4,  of  the  same  year;  itinerated  for  sev- 
eral years  and  organized  churches  in  Cambridge  and  in  New 
York  city;  was  installed  as  pastor  of  Cambridge,  N.  Y,,  with 
one-fourth  of  his  time  in  South  Argyle,  Sept,  10,  1789,  In 
1784  he  drafted  the  Narrative  and  Testimony  of  the  Associate 
Church,  In  the  month  of  June,  1798,  Mr.  Beveridge  set  out 
for  Barnet,  in  Vermont,  to  assist  Mr.  Goodwillie  at  his  com- 
munion, and  was  taken  ill  with  dysentery  by  the  way.     Still 


THE    MINISTRY.  225 

he  preached  on  Saturday,  assisted  at  the  communion  on  Sab- 
bath, although  so  ill  that  he  had  to  sit,  and  preached  on  Sab- 
bath evening.  He  was  confined  to  his  bed  for  the  next  three 
weeks,"  during  which  time  Mr.  Goodwillie  was  very  ill  from 
the  same  disease,  and  two  of  his  children  had  died.  On  the 
last  Sabbath  of  his  life  Mr.  Beveridge  found  a  considerable 
number  of  people  in  the  house,  drawn  thither  from  sympathy 
with  the  afflicted  family,  and  raised  himself  up  in  bed,  and 
after  prayer  and  praise,  preached  an  excellent  sermon,  an 
hour  in  length,  from  Psalm  xxxi.  23:  "O  love  the  Lord,  all 
ye  His  saints. ' '  His  disease  was  greatly  aggravated  by  the 
exertion,  and  at  the  dawn  the  next  morning  he  said,  "I  am 
a  dying  man,  and  am  dying  fast;  are  you  not  also  persuaded 
I  am  dying?"  Being  answered  affirmatively  he  said,  "It  is 
well;  I  am  not  afraid  to  die."  He  called  the  family  around 
him  to  pray  with  them  for  the  last  time.  He  prayed  audibly 
for  the  Church  of  Christ  in  general,  the  Secession  body  in 
particular,  his  own  congregation,  and  especially  the  younger 
portion  of  it,  his  brethren  in  the  ministry,  Mr.  Marshall,  of 
Philadelphia,  and  Mr.  Goodwillie  by  name,  and  for  all  those 
who  had  ministered  to  him  in  his  illness.  He  then  solemnly 
committed  his  own  soul  into  his  Redeemer's  hands,  and  con- 
cluded, in  allusion  to  David's  words  at  the  close  of  the  72d 
Psalm,  with  these  words  :  ' '  The  prayers  of  Tho?nas  Beveridge 
are  now  ettdedy  In  the  afternoon  he  asked  Mr.  Goodwillie  if 
he  knew  when  the  Son  of  Man  would  come.  He  replied  that 
he  thought  it  would  be  about  ten  o'clock,  or  at  furthest  about 
cock-crowing,  and  the  answer  proved  prophetic,  for  just  at 
ten,  on  the  night  of  the  23d  of  July,  he  expired  without  a 
struggle  or  a  groan.  Of  him  his  son.  Dr.  Beveridge,  says, 
"Those  who  best  remember  his  ministry  all  unite  in  testifying 
that  he  did  not  excel  as  an  orator.  He^  retained  his  Scotch 
pronunciation,  and,  although  of  a  mild  disposition,  it  is  said 
that  in  his  public  speaking  his  manner  was  sometimes  severe 
and  stern.  In  more  important  things,  however,  his  qualifica- 
tions for  the  ministry  were  beyond  the  ordinary  standard,  and 
his  ministerial  labors,  both  in  the  pulpit  and  out  of  it,  were 
held  in  much  esteem." 


226  THE   MINISTRY. 

BEVERIDGE,  Thomas,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  Rev.  Thomas;  was  born  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
9,  1796;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1814;  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  John  Anderson;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  Char- 
tiers  Aug.  18,  1819;  was  ordained  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Ken- 
tucky Jan.  9,  '21,  and  installed  pastor  of  the  congregations  of 
Xenia  and  Sugar  Creek,  O. ;  resigned,  because  of  ill-health, 
in  Feb.,  1824;  itinerated  for  three  years;  located  as  S.  S.  in 
Philadelphia  in  Feb.,  1827,  ^^^  ^^^^  installed  as  pastor  in 
June,  1828;  in  Oct.,  1835,  he  was  elected  Professor  in  the 
Associate  Theological  Seminary  in  Canonsburg,  Pa. ,  and  re- 
signed his  pastoral  charge  in  Nov.  and  moved  there;  in  addi- 
tion to  his  duties  in  the  Seminary  he  became  pastor  of  a 
church  in  Washington,  which  he  served  until  the  autumn  of 
1849,  and  was  then  co-pastor  with  Dr.  Anderson,  of  the  con- 
gregation of  Miller's  Run  (Venice),  till  the  removal  of  the 
Seminary,  in  1855,  to  Xenia,  O. ;  he  resigned  his  professor- 
ship Oct.  14,  1871,  and  was  retired  on  a  pension.  He  died  in 
Xenia,  May  30,  1873.  He  was  a  man  of  fine  culture  and  great 
symmetry  of  character.  Publications:  His  sermons  and  lec- 
tures were  carefully  written  out,  but  he  published  nothing 
except  through  the  pages  of  the  Religious  Monitor^  to  which 
he  often  contributed.  He  also  labored  for  years  upon  a  new 
Metrical  Version  of  the  Psalms. 

BEVERIDGE,  Thomas  Hanna,  (A.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  Thomas;  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Mar.  31, 
1830;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1847;  studied  theology  in 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  by  the  Presbytery  of  Chartiers  Oct. 
29,  1850,  and  ordained  by  Philadelphia  Oct.  31,  1853,  and  in- 
stalled pastor  of  a  newly  organized  congregation  in  Philadel- 
phia; in  1858  he  became  assistant  editor  of  the  Evangelical 
Repository^  and  died  suddenly,  while  on  a  short  visit  to  friends 
in  the  country,  Aug.  15,  i860,  from  congestion  of  the  brain. 
Publications:  A  Biography  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Beveridge 
Hanna;  two  or  three  sermons.  He  also  transcribed  for  the 
press  and  edited  ' '  Lectures  on  Theology, ' '  by  Dr.  A.  Ander- 
son. 

BIDDIvE,  Arney  Silvanus: 

Was  born  June  12,  1848,  in  Mercer  County,  Pa.;  was  grad- 


THE   MINISTRY.  227 

iiated  at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  the  sem- 
inaries in  Monmouth,  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  14,  1874,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  21, 
1875,  by  Delaware;  pastor  at  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Sept.,  1875-Feb.,  1879;  First  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  congre- 
tion,  Feb.,  1879-June  20,  '82;  Summit  Ave.,  Jersey  City, 
since  Aug.  i,  1882. 

BIGGER,  Matthew,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  at  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Muskingum, 
and  studied  theology  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  11, 
1850,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  in  June,  '54, 
by  Second  Illinois,  and  installed  pastor  of  Pope  Creek  con- 
gregation; was  released  in  '60;  was  chaplain  of  the  50th  Illi- 
nois regiment  1861-1865;  supplied  in  Illinois  and  Missouri 
till  1870,  when  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  Dec. 
21,  1872,  as  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  at  Bushnell,  111. 

BIGGER,  Samuel: 

Was  born  at  Bavington,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  7,  1842; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia  and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1866,  by  the 
Presbytery  of  Monmouth;  was  ordained  and  installed  as  pas- 
tor of  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  29,  1868,  by 
the  Presbytery  of  Argyle;  and  resigned  Sept.  7,  '80;  pastor 
at  Greenwich,  same  Co.,  Nov.  15,  1880-5.  Joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  in  1886.  Publication :  A  History  of  the  Put- 
nam congregation. 

BIGHAM,  James  Cunningham: 

Was  born  May  24,  1830,  at  Millersburg,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1852;  studied  theology  privately;  was  licensed 
Sept.  23,  1853,  ^y  the  Free  Presbyterian  Presbytery  of  Cen- 
tral Ohio;  was  ordained  by  the  Free  Presbytery  of  Mahon- 
ing Oct.  10,  '55,  si7ie  titulo;  was  stated  supply  of  the  Free 
Pres.  congregation  of  Neshannock,  Pa.,  Jan.,  1855-Jan.,  ''(i']\ 
joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Church ;  pastor  of  New  Bren- 
ton.  111.,  Ap.,  i867-'74;  was  installed  pastor  of  Plain  Grove 
and  Leesburg,  Pa.,  Dec.  20,  1877.  Publications:  A  Sermon, 
' '  The  Spoiler  Spoiled ;' '  A  Sermon,  ' '  Choosing  Civil  Rulers ;' ' 
A   Sermon,    "That  Day;"   Eight  Papers  on  "Secret  Oath- 


228  THE   MINISTRY. 

Bound  Societies."      Also    editor    of  the   Free  Presbyterian 

Monthly  i86c^'65. 

BIRNBACH,  Conrad  Rudolph: 

Was  born  Aug.  4,  1858,  in  Berlin,  Germany;  was  gradu- 
ated in  1877,  at  King  William's  Gymnasium,  Berlin,  and 
studied  theology  in  the  University  of  Berlin,  and  took  a  post- 
graduate course  at  Kampen,  in  the  Netherlands;  taught  an- 
cient languages  at  Elberfeldand  Ploetzensee  1880-1;  licensed 
in  Dec,  1881,  by  the  Secession  Classis  of  Kampen,  came  to 
the  U.  S.  in  1884,  and  was  ordained  Jan.  10,  1885,  by  the 
German  Reformed  Classis  of  Cincinnati;  joined  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church  in  June,  1885;  and  transferred  in  Ap., 
1886,  to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  of  the  South. 
BISHOP,  Robert  Hamilton,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  26,  1777,  in  the  parish  of  Whitburn,  Lin- 
lithgowshire, Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Edinburgh  in  1798,  and  studied  theology  four  years  with  Pro- 
fessor Lawson,  at  Selkirk;  was  appointed  by  the  Burgher 
Synod,  Ap. ,  1802,  to  go  with  Dr.  Mason  to  America,  in  view 
of  which  he  was  licensed  June  28,  1802,  by  the  Associate  Bur- 
gher Presbytery  of  Perth;  sailed  in  Sept.  from  Greenock  with 
Dr.  Mason  and  Rev.  Messrs.  Scrimgeour,  Calderhead,  Forrest, 
Easton  and  Laurie,  and  attended  the  Asso.  Ref  Synod  in 
Oct.  in  New  York,  by  which  he  was  appointed  to  Kentucky, 
where  he  arrived  in  March.  In  the  summer  of  1803  he  re- 
ceived and  accepted  a  call  to  the  congregations  of  Ebenezer, 
Jessamine  Co. ,  and  New  Providence,  Mercer  Co. ;  at  the  same 
time  he  was  elected  to  a  professorship  in  the  Transylvania 
University  at  Lexington,  which  was  fifteen  miles  distant  from 
Ebenezer  and  twenty-seven  from  New  Providence.  When  he 
gave  his  trials  for  ordination,  in  the  spring  of  1805,  the  Pres- 
bytery refused  to  ordain  him  unless  he  would  resign  his  pro- 
fessorship, upon  the  ground  that  it  would  interfere  with  his 
usefulness  to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church,  to  which  he  owed  all  his 
labors.  He  demurred,  and  was  prosecuted  and  rebuked  by 
Presbytery.  Upon  a  reference  to  Synod  it  was  decided  that 
resignation  was  not  indispensable,  and  that  the  Presbytery 
must  proceed  to  ordination.  After  a  year's  further  delay  the 
Pres.  of  Kentucky  did  ordain  and  install  him  in  June,  1808. 


THE   MINISTRY.  229 

In  i8i2  the  Pres.  appointed  Messrs.  Bishop  and  Rankin  to 
draft  a  circular  letter  to  the  churches  on  the  duty  of  support- 
ing the  gospel.  This  letter,  written  by  Mr.  Bishop,  advocated 
the  tithe  law,  and  became  the  occasion  of  a  permanent  breach 
between  him  and  Mr.  Rankin,  and  led  to  the  dissolution  of 
his  pastoral  relation  to  the  Ebenezer  congregation,  in  Oct., 
1814.  In  the  autumn  of  181 1  Mr.  Bishop,  in  connection 
with  three  other  clergymen,  commenced  the  publication  of  a 
religious  monthly,  which  continued  for  two  years,  called  the 
"Evangelical  Record  and  Western  Review."  In  the  second 
volume  Mr.  Bishop  published  a  defence  of  the  circular  letter, 
in  which  he  made  grave  charges  against  Mr.  Rankin.  For 
this  he  was  called  to  account  by  his  Presbytery,  which  re- 
fused to  allow  him  to  justify  himself  by  proving  the  truth 
of  his  charges,  upon  the  ground  that  whether  true  or  false 
it  was  a  censurable  offence  to  spread  them  out  before  the 
public  instead  of  proceeding  according  to  the  discipline  of  the 
church.  He  was  consequently  suspended  from  the  ministry 
in  Oct.,  1815.  He  refused  submission  and  appealed  to  the 
General  Synod,  which,  in  May,  1816,  set  aside  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Presbytery  as  irregular,  and  directed  it  to  rebuke 
Mr.  Bishop  for  bringing  a  grievous  charge  against  a  brother 
in  public  print.  He  refused  to  receive  a  rebuke,  and  for- 
warded his  reasons  to  Synod,  which,  in  181 7,  appointed  a 
committee  to  proceed  to  Kentucky  and  gather  and  report  the 
facts.  This  commiteee  did  nothing,  so  the  General  Synod, 
in  May,  1818,  appointed  a  Cormnission^  consisting  of  J.  M. 
Mason,  Ebenezer  Dickey  and  John  Lind,  ministers,  and  John 
Kennedy,  of  Hagerstown,  Md.,  Silas  E.  Weir,  of  Philadel- 
phia, and  Gov.  Jeremiah  Morrow,  of  Ohio,  to  repair  to  Lex- 
ington, with  full  powers  to  take  testimony  and  issue  the  case. 
A  quorum  met  in  September,  and  required  Mr.  Bishop  to  sub- 
mit to  the  rebuke  previously  ordered,  and  then  called  upon 
him  to  prefer  his  charges.  This  he  did,  and  after  his  tes- 
timony was  all  given  in  Mr.  Rankin  requested  eight  days  to 
prepare  his  defence.  At  the  end  of  that  time  he  handed  in  a 
paper  declining  the  authority  of  the  commission.  The  trial 
went  on,  and  issued  in  a  rebuke  to  Mr.  Bishop  and  the  suspen- 
sion of  Mr.  Rankin  from  the  ministry. 


230  THE   MINISTRY. 

During  a  year  of  these  troubles  he  devoted  his  Sabbaths  to 
the  instruction  of  the  negroes,  and  established  a  Sabbath- 
school,  the  first  one  organized  for  their  benefit,  in  Lexington. 
In  Oct.,  1819,  he  left  the  Asso,  Ref.  Ch.  and  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian, and  was  S.  S.  to  the  McCord  Ch.,  in  Lexington, 
1819-1823.  In  the  autumn  of  1824  he  accepted  the  presi- 
dency of  Miami  University  at  Oxford,  O.,  and  was  inaugu- 
rated Mar.  30,  '25.  In  1825  ^^  organized  a  Presbyterian  Ch. 
in  Oxford,  and  supplied  it  until  1831,  and  continued  to  preach 
to  the  students  in  the  chapel  as  long  as  he  remained  at  the 
head  of  the  University.  He  resigned  the  presidency  in  1841, 
although  he  held  the  professorship  of  history  and  political 
science  three  years  longer.  In  the  autumn  of  1844  ^^  re- 
moved to  Pleasant  Hill,  near  Cincinnati,  and  took  charge  of 
the  "Farmers'  College."  On  Thursday,  Ap.  26,  1855,  he 
heard  his  class  as  usual,  but  on  going  to  the  college  on  Fri- 
day morning  his  strength  failed  him  so  that  he  could  make 
no  exertion.  He  lingered  on  till  5  o'clock  Sabbath  morning, 
when  he  died.  Mrs.  Bishop,  who  had  come  with  him  from 
Scotland,  died  two  weeks  afterwards.  He  was  a  man  of  great 
power  in  the  pulpit,  and  exceedingly  gifted  in  prayer.  Pub- 
lications: A  volume  of  Sermons,  1808,  the  first  volume  of 
sermons  printed  west  of  the  Allegheny  mountains:  Memoirs 
of  David  Rice,  1824;  Elements  of  Logic,  1833;  Sketches  of 
the  Philosophy  of  the  Bible,  1833;  Elements  of  the  Science  of 
Government,  1839;  The  Western  Peacemaker,  1839;  Several 
Special  Sermons  and  Addresses,  and  liberal  contributions  to 
the  periodical  press. 
BLACK,  Andrew  M.,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  i,  1814,  near  Belfast  in  Ireland;  was  edu- 
cated at  Franklin  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  in  July,  1845,  t»y  Muskingum  Pres. ,  and  ordained 
Nov.  5,  '46,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Mount  Pleasant,  Jef- 
ferson Co.,  O.,  Nov.,  1846-53;  and  a  stated  supply  for 
neighboring  churches  while  at  New  Wilmington  and  Mon- 
mouth; was  teacher  in  the  academy  at  New  Concord  and  in 
Muskingum  College  1 836-' 40;  Prof,  in  Franklin  College 
i840-'53;  in  Westminster  College  i853-'64;  in  Monmouth 
College  and  Seminary  1864-74.     He  also  taught  in  different 


THE   MINISTRY.  23 1 

Other  places  for  four  years,  making  in  all  forty-two  years  em- 
ployed in  teaching.  For  the  improvement  of  his  health  he 
retired  to  the  mountainous  regions  of  West  Virginia,  where 
he  is  engaged  in  secular  business. 

BLACK,  James  Ewing: 

Was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Lincoln 
College,  Mo.,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed 
May  8,  1877,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained 
Nov.  II,  '78,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  of  Mercersburg,  Frank- 
lin Co.,  and  the  Cove,  Fulton  Co.,  Pa.,  1878-Mar.,  '83;  Cal- 
edonia, Ind.,  Sept.  9,  1886- 
BLACK,  James  Knox: 

Was  born  Feb.  25,  1825,  in  Fairfield  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Ohio  University  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at 
Oxford  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1858,  by  the  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  sine  titulo  July  30,  '61,  by  the 
same;  spent  ten  years  in  the  missionary  field  of  Minnesota 
and  Iowa,  especially  at  Owatonna  and  Chariton ;  then  at  Cali- 
fornia, Mich.;  pastor  at  Portland  Mills,  Ind.,  Nov.  6,  1883- 
Ap.  15,  '85. 

BLACK,  James  P. : 

Was  born  Mar.  8,  1837,  near  Savannah,  Ashland  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap,  9,  1861,  by  Mansfield,  and  or- 
dained June  26,  '64,  by  Des  Moines;  was  pastor  of  Albia  and 
Service,  Monroe  Co.,  la.,  1864-Ap.,  '66;  of  Boonsboro'  and 
Jacksonville,  in  the  Conemaugh  Pres.,  1877-9,  and  S.  S.  in 
different  fields;  pastor  at  Hiawatha,  Kansas,  Ap.  5,  1881- 
Sept.  26,  '82;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  is  in  Nebraska. 
Publication:  The  Saviour's  Peace,  a  tract,  1877. 

BLACK,  John  F.  : 

Was  born  in  Butler  Co. ,  Pa. ;  graduated  at  Washington  and 
Jefferson  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  1872,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  21, 
'74,  by  First  Ohio;  was  pastor  at  Oxford,  O.,  Ap.,  1874-Oct. 
2,  '78;  S.  S.  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  i882-'85. 
BLACK,  Samuel  M.  : 

Was  born  Jan.   21,   1846,  at  Paris,  Washington  Co.,   Pa.; 


232  THE   MINISTRY. 

was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1 871,  by  Frankfort  Pres., 
and  ordained  sine  titulo  June  24,  '73,  by  Lake;  was  pastor  of 
Evansburg  and  Watson's  Run,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  June  24, 
1873-July  14,  '74;  Summit,  Lake  Pres.  i875-'77;  and  Johns- 
town, Cambria  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  25,  i878-'8i;  West  Fairfield 
and  New  Florence,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Dec.  12,  1881- 

BLACK,  William  Alexander  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Letter  Kenny,  Donegal  Co.,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Duquesne  College  in  1848,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  15,  1851,  by  the  Pres.  of 
Allegheny,  and  ordained  Aug.  29,  '54,  by  Shenango;  was 
pastor  of  East  Unity  and  Shenango  1854-58;  of  Mt.  Varnum 
and  West  Unity  i860-' 65;  and  Mt.  Varnum  with  Cherry  Run 
till  1873. 

BLACKSTOCK,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  at  Ballynahinch,  in  Ireland;  educated  in  Scot- 
land; licensed  by  an  Asso.  Pres.  in  Ireland;  supplied  for 
some  time  the  church  in  Ballynahinch,  and,  coming  to 
America,  landed  Dec.  25,  1792,  at  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  was  or- 
dained June  8,  '94,  by  the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia; 
was  pastor  of  Steele  Creek,  Ebenezer  and  Neeley  Creek,  S. 
C,  1794-1804;  was  S.  S.  of  New  Perth,  New  Sterling  and 
Rocky  Spring  i8o4-'ii;  was  subsequently  settled  at  Wax- 
haws,  N.  C,  and  again  at  Tirzah,  S.  C,  where  he  died  in 
1830  or  1831. 

BLAIKIE,  Alexander,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1804,  in  Pictou,  Nova  Scotia;  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Pictou  Academy,  and  studied  theology  in  the 
Seminary  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Nova  Scotia; 
was  licensed  June  28,  1830,  by  Pictou  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  10,  '31,  by  the  same;  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  labored  as 
a  home  missionary  for  two  years,  principally  in  founding 
churches  in  the  West,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Ch. ;  was  pastor  in  York,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1836- 
Feb.,  '45;  commenced  May  20,  1846,  to  establish  an  Asso. 
Ref.  congregation  in  Boston,  Mass. ,  and  was  installed  as  its 
pastor  July  18,   1847,  ^^^  resigned,  in  consequence  of  age, 


THE   MINISTRY.  233 

July  13,  1880.  Died  in  Philadelphia,  Dec.  31,  1885.  Publi- 
cations: Philosophy  of  Sectarianism,  1854,  i2mo.,  pp.  362; 
The  Schools,  a  pamphlet,  1853;  A  Catechism  on  Praise,  1853; 
The  Organ  and  other  Instruments,  1862;  Francis  and  Isaac; 
Histor}^"of  Presbyterianism  in  New  Engiand  for  200  years, 
i2mo. ,  pp.  512,  1881. 

BLAIN,  Wilson  (A.  R,)*: 

Was  born  Mar,  2,  1813,  in  Ross  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap,  18,  1838,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chillicothe,  and 
ordained  Oct.  17,  '39,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Hebron,  Porter 
Co.,  Ind.,  i842-'47;  in  May,  1847,  was  appointed  by  General 
Synod  as  missionary  to  Oregon;  started  overland  in  the  spring 
of  1848,  and  in  the  autumn  arrived  at  Oregon  city,  where  he 
remained  two  years  and  organized  a  congregation.  In  1850 
he  removed  to  Union  Point,  Linn  Co.,  and  organized  a 
church,  of  which  he  was  pastor  i853-'6i.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Legislature  for  three  years;  was  several  years  editor  of 
the  Spectator^  the  only  newspaper  in  the  territory,  and  main- 
tained an  academy  i852-'56.  He  died  Feb.  22,  1861,  from  a 
tumor  in  the  left  lumbar  region  of  over  eight  pounds  weight. 
BLAIR,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  21,  1787,  in  Antrim  Co.,  Ireland,  and  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  1802;  was  educated  at  Jefferson,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson  at  Service,  Pa. ;  was 
licensed  Aug.  29,  1816,  by  Chartiers  Pres. ;  accepted,  May  2, 
181 7,  a  call  from  "the  congregations  north  of  Conemaugh," 
upon  the  condition  of  receiving  and  being  permitted  to  fill 
appointments  for  one  year  in  the  south;  Oct.  14,  1818,  was 
ordained  and  installed  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers  as  pastor  of 
the  United  Congregations  of  Conemaugh,  Crooked  Creek 
and  Indiana;  resigned  Conemaugh  Nov.  17,  1839;  received 
Samuel  Anderson  as  colleague  Aug.  3,  1852;  the  charge  was 
divided  Nov.  12,  1858,  and  Mr.  Blair  retained  Indiana  alone; 
in  Oct.  1862,  he  was  released  and  retired  from  the  active 
duties  of  the  ministry,  and  died  in  Indiana,  Feb.  28,  1882. 
BLAIR,  David  Humphrey: 

Was  born  Ap.  21,  1841,  four  miles  north  of  Bellefontaine, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  187 1,  and  studied  theology 
16 


234  THE   MINISTRY. 

at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1873,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  by  Conemaugh,  June  28,  '76;  pastor  of  Bethel, 
Mechanicsburg,  Greenville  and  East  Union,  June,  1876-Aug. 

1,  ^'j']-^  of  Mahoning,  Smyrna  and  Beracha,  Oct.  2,  1877-Jan. 
16,  '83;  S.  S.  Benkleman,  Neb. 

BLAIR,  Hugh  Henry  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  19,  1809,  near  Girard,  in  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
during  the  next  year  his  parents,  who  were  Irish  by  birth, 
moved  to  Pittsburgh,  and  he  was  brought  up  under  the  min- 
istry of  Dr.  Bruce;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University 
in  1831,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
Sept.  16,  1834,  by  the  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug. 
24,  '36,  by  Albany;  was  pastor  of  the  Charles  St.  Ch,,  New 
York,  Aug.,  1836,  until  his  death.  In  1874  he  received  an 
injury  in  his  spine,  which,  after  a  few  months,  compelled  him 
to  confine  himself  to  his  chamber,  and  for  the  last  year  to  his 
bed,  and  died  Jan.  7,  1877.  A  man  of  magnificent  physical 
frame  and  intense  in  everything. 
BLAIR,  William  Henry: 

Was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1859,  and  studied  theology 
at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1861,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  in  Ap.  '63,  by  Michigan;  pastor  at  Centerville, 
Mich.,  Ap.  i863-'66;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  is  at 
Burr  Oak,  Mich. 

BONNER,  David  Findley: 

Was  born  Ap.  2,  1842,  in  Greenfield,  Highland  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  i860,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xeniaand  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1864,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,  and  ordained  June  16,  '65,  by  Des  Moines;  was 
installed  at  Knoxville  and  Monroe,  in  la.,  at  ordination,  and 
released  from  Monroe  Ap.  11,  '66,  and  from  Knoxville  Ap. 
14,  '70;  was  pastor  at  Caledonia,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb. 

2,  1871-Jan.,  '84.  Joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  located 
near  Montgomery,  N.  Y.  Publications:  The  Constitutional 
Right  of  the  Bible  to  a  Place  in  our  Public  Schools,  1875,  pp. 
20;  The  Ecclesiastical  Position  and  Work  of  Woman,  1878 
pp.  44;  Instrumental  Music  in  Worship  of  God,  Divinely 
Authorized,  8vo.,  pp.  65,  1881,  and  numerous  contributions 
to  the  papers  of  the  church. 


THE   MINISTRY.  235 

BONNER,  James  R.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1805  near  Dayton,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1836,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and 
ordained  on  the  first  Wednesday  of  June  '38,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  Xenia,  O.,  1838-Ap.  10,  '45;  of  Canonsburg 
and  Lima,  Hancock  Co.,  O.,  1851-Oct.,  '59;  died  Mar.  8, 
1870.  Publication:  A  Sermon  in  Vol.  III.  of  the  Pulpit  of 
the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 

BONNER,  John  Hunter  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  27,  1808,  in  Chillicothe,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  Chillicothe  Academy  and  Miami  University,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1836,  by  the  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  Oct.  27,  1841,  by  Indiana;  was 
pastor  of  Salem,  Boone  Co.,  Ind.,  Oct.,  1841-April,  '44;  of 
Bethel,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.,  April,  1845-50;  he  also  performed 
a  large  amount  of  Domestic  Missionary  work.  Publications: 
Charity  a  Duty,  and  an  Appropriate  Work  of  the  Sabbath,  a 
Sermon,  1850;  The  Terror  of  the  Wicked  on  the  Day  of  Judg- 
ment, a  Sermon,  1852. 

BORLAND,  John  Brown: 

Was  born  Jan.,  22,  1843,  ^^  Bridgeville,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1867,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  was  ordained  by  Steubenville  Sept.  12,  '71;  pastor 
of  Richmond  and  Knoxville,  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  12,  1871- 

BORROWS,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  3,  1821,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1847,  ^'^•^  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1850,  by  Second  Ohio,  and 
ordained  Oct.  27,  '52,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Sandy  Creek, 
Wolf  Creek,  and  Mt.  Perry,  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  Oct.,  i852-'57; 
Georgetown,  Vernon  and  Sandy,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  6,  1858 
-Feb.  8,  '60;  joined  the  A.  R.  Synod  of  the  South;  returned 
to  the  Lake  Pres.  in  Sept.,  1881,  with  his  pastoral  charge; 
pastor  of  Ebenezer  from  1865,  and  of  Sugar  Grove  from  1870 
till  his  death.  May  13,  1886,  from  paralysis. 


236  THE    MINISTRY. 

BOTHWELL,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University, 
and  studied  theology  with  John  Brown  at  Haddington;  was 
licensed  in  1787  by  the  Presbytery  of  Monaghan,  and  soon 
afterward  ordained  by  the  same;  arrived  at  Charleston,  S.  C, 
in  Dec.,  1789;  was  pastor  of  Buck  Head  and  Big  Creek,  near 
Louisville,  Georgia,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  which 
took  place  in  June,  1801. 
BOWER,  Andrew  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  25,  1805,  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  Western  University  in  1829;  studied  theology 
one  year  with  Dr.  Bruce,  of  Pittsburgh,  one  year  at  Canons- 
burg,  and  two  years  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  26,  1832, 
by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  sine  titiilo  Mar.  5,  '34, 
by  First  Ohio.  Between  this  and  the  following  autumn,  ac- 
companied by  Jeremiah  Morrow,  just  licensed,  he  traveled 
through  the  West,  Illinois  mainly,  and  organized  thirty-four 
missionary  stations,  most  of  which  grew  into  churches,  bap- 
tized twenty  adults,  admitted  over  two  hundred  into  church 
membership,  and  raised  by  collections  money  enough  to  pay 
the  expenses  of  the  mission;  was  pastor  at  Hopewell,  Preble 
Co.,  O.,  Dec,  1834-June,  ''y]\  of  Mercer,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa., 
Feb.  2,  1839-June,  '42;  of  Second  Asso.  Ref ,  Philadelphia, 
Mar.  7,  1847,  until  his  death.  He  died  Dec.  31,  1851,  of  con- 
sumption. His  last  words  were,  "Asleep  in  Jesus;  Oh!  how 
sweet,  how  sweet!"  On  the  first  of  the  preceding  Nov.  he 
was  carried  into  his  church,  placed  at  the  head  of  the  com- 
munion table,  where  he  dispensed  the  elements,  spoke  of  the 
love  of  Christ,  commended  his  people  to  the  grace  of  God, 
charged  them  to  meet  him  at  the  marriage  supper  of  the 
Lamb,  had  them  sing  the  133d  Psalm,  and  pronounced  the 
benediction,  and  thus  closed  his  ministry.  Publications: 
Several  Sermons. 
BOYCE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1757,  in  Ireland,  and  came  to  this  countr}^  be- 
fore the  Revolution,  and  settled  in  Long  Cane,  Abbeville  Co., 
S.  C. ;  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1787;  attended  Dr.  Nes- 
bit's  theological  lectures  while  in  College,  and  studied  one 
summer  with  Matthew  Lind,  at  Greencastle;  was  licensed  in 


THE   MINISTRY.  237 

the  autumn  of  1787  by  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
ordained  July  i,  1789,  by  the  same;  went  immediately  South 
after  licensure,  and  began  as  stated  supply  and  subsequently 
as  pastor  of  Hopewell,  S.  C,  and  Coddle  Creek,  Gilead  and 
Prosperity,  a  hundred  miles  distant,  in  N.  C.  He  died  Mar. 
18,  1793,  of  consumption. 

BOYD,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born,  educated  and  licensed  in  Ireland;  came  to  the  U. 
S.  in  1832  and  joined  the  Associate  Ch.,  and  was  ordained  in 
'33  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  New  Castle,  New 
Wilmington  and  Mt.  Pleasant,  1833-Oct.,  '38;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  in  it  filled  several  pastorates,  and  died 
Dec.  9,  1865,  in  Iowa. 

BOYD,  Bankhead  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1810,  in  Newton-Limavaddy,  County  Derry, 
Ireland;  came  to  America  in  1824;  "^^^  graduated  at  Jefferson 
in  1829;  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  May 
29,  1833,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  24,  '34,  by 
the  same ;  was  pastor  of  Pigeon  Creek,  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. , 
Sept.,  1834,  until  his  death,  Feb.  3,  i860. 

BOYD,  Hugh  Stewart: 

Was  born  Mar.  20,  1845,  ^^  Clokeyville,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1875,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  8,  1876,  by  Cleveland 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  11,  '78,  by  Mercer;  pastor  of  Deer 
Creek,  in  Lawrence  Co,,  Pa.,  June  11,  1878- 

BOYD,  John  Carnahan,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  6,  1832,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1857,  by  Blairsville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  14,  '58,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of  St.  Clair, 
Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination,  and  is  Corresponding 
Secretar>^  of  the  Board  of  Publication;  delegate  to  the  ist  Pan- 
Presbyterian  Council,  1877;  editor  of  the  Evangelical  Reposi- 
tory, i88i-'85.  Publications:  An  Anniversary  Discourse; 
The  History  of  the  Synod  of  Pittsburgh;  History  of  the  Sec- 
ond Associate  Reformed  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania. 


238  THE    MINISTRY. 

BOYD,  JosephXA.  R.): 

Brother  of  Thomas  F.  Was  born  May  2,  1829,  i^  Muskin- 
gum Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1853;  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1856,  by  West- 
moreland Pres.,  and  ordained  May  6,  '57,  by  Big  Spring; 
pastor  of  Lower  Chanceford  and  Hopewell,  York  Co.,  Pa., 
May,  1857-Ap.  8,  '58;  Mechanicstown,  etc.,  O.,  Oct.,  '59- 
Oct,  '69;  of  Summerset,  Warren  Co.,  la.,  Dec,  i869-'77; 
Alvia  and  Service,  la.,  Ap.  5,  1887-  Publications:  A  Ser- 
mon on  Civil  Government,  i860. 

BOYD,  Joseph  Reid*: 

Was  born  July  23,  1835,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1859;  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  8,  1862,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug. 
26,  ^6t,^  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Norwich  and  East 
Union,  O.,  i863-'67;  of  Wilmington,  Clinton  Co.,  O., 
1 867-' 69;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  served  it  at  Lib- 
erty, Ind. ,  and  Lancaster,  O. ;  died  at  Bowling  Green,  Feb. 
15,  1886.  Publications:  Assassination  of  President  Lincoln; 
A  Sermon,  1865;  The  Great  Railroad  Strike,  1877;  A 
Thanksgiving  Sermon. 

BOYD,  Robert  H.  : 

Was  born  May  25,  1835,  at  Darlington,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  i860;  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1862,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and 
ordained  by  the  same  Ap.  12,  '64;  was  pastor  of  Verona,  Al- 
legheny Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.,  1864-June  29,  '69;  of  Londonderry, 
Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  June  14,  1870-June  15,  '75;  Thornville 
and  Rush  Creek,  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  June,  1875-June  13, 
'82;  Leipsic  and  Belmore,  Putnam  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  16,  1883, 
and  in  1884  exchanged  Leipsic  for  Canonsburg. 

BOYD,  Thomas  Frame  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  26,  1828,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1856,  by  the  Sec- 
ond Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  Dec.  28,  '57,  by  Caledonia; 
was  pastor  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  1857-June  4,  '62;  of  Laurel 
Hill,  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  i865-'67;  of  Beulah  and  Bethel,  West- 


THE   MINISTRY.  239 

moreland  Pres. ,  1867-Dec.,  '74;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  is  at  Marysville,  Kan. 
BOYSE,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Entered  the  Theological  Seminary  in  New  York  in  1814, 
and  was  licensed  in  1818,  and  ordained  in  '19,  by  the  Pres. 
of  Saratoga;  was  pastor  of  Caledonia,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y., 
autumn,  1819-June  25,  '23;  was  a  member  of  the  First  Pres. 
of  Ohio  1824-Oct.  '25,  most  of  which  time  he  supplied  in 
Kentucky;  joined  the  Reformed  Dutch  Ch.  in  1826,  and  was 
S.  S.  at  Woodstock,  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i826-'37;  he  then 
moved  to  the  city  of  New  York,  where  he  died  in  1853. 
Publications:  A  i2mo  vol.,  containing  Writings  and  Letters 
— Religious,  Historical  and  Pastoral,  1838. 
BOYSE,  William  Magaw  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1807  in  South  Carolina,  and  principally 
brought  up  in  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  Uni- 
versity in  1829,  ^^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  li- 
censed June  14,  1832,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same  Sept.  11,  '33;  was  pastor  of  Richmond, 
Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  and  Ebenezer,  Sept.,  i833-'53;  of  Keokuk, 
la.,  1853,  until  his  death,  Oct.  31,  1861,  which  resulted  from 
typhoid  fever. 

BRACKEN,  Thomas*: 

Was  born  Dec.  i,  1842,  at  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  24,  1868,  by  the  Pres.  of  Michigan,  and  ordained 
Aug.  19,  '69,  by  Detroit;  was  pastor  at  Port  Huron,  Mich., 
Aug.,  1869-Ap.  16,  '72;  S.  S.  at  Oil  City,  Pa.,  i874-'75;  and 
died  Nov.  5,  1875,  at  Niles,  Mich. 
BRADFORD,  David  Gibson  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Washington,  Pa.,  and  graduated  at  Washing- 
ton in  1 85 1,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Mar.  7,  1855,  by  the  Pres.  of  Steubenville,  and  ordained  Ap. 
8,  '56,  by  Wheeling;  was  pastor  of  West  Alexander  and 
Martinsville,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  1856-Oct.,  '57;  of 
Second  Asso.  Ref  Church,  Allegheny  City,  1857-Ap.  14,  '63; 
of  First  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111.,  summer  of  1863-67;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.  and  has  filled  several  pastorates  in  it,  and  is 
at  Augusta,  111. 


240  THE   MINISTRY. 

BRANDON,  James  Alexander: 

Was  born  in  1840,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  July  5,  1870,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  12, 
'71,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  East  Union,  Allegheny  Co., 
Sept.,  1871-Sept.  12,  '76;  Greensburg,  Pa.,  Sept.  i,  1885- 
June,  1887. 

BRANDON,  James  Stewart*: 

Was  born  Aug.  31,  1846,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap,  11,  1872,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  10,  '73,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Hvansburg 
and  Mt.  Pleasant  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  June,  1873-June  11,  '78, 
and  died  at  Beaver  Falls,  Nov.  28,  1879,  from  consumption. 
During  part  of  the  civil  war  he  served  as  an  artilleryman. 

BRASH,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1824,  educated,  licensed  and  ordained  in  Scot- 
land; was  received  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York  Sept.  18,  1854, 
upon  credentials  from  the  Pres.  of  Glasgow  and  Annandale  of 
the  United  Presbyterian  Church;  was  pastor  of  Jane  Street, 
New  York,  i855-'68;  South  Boston,  Mass.,  1868-70;  united 
with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  Mar.  21,  1881,  at  South 
Amboy,  N.  J. 

BRATTON,  William  S.*: 

Was  born  in  1822  in  York  district,  S.  C. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1858;  studied  theology  privately  with 
Dr.  Hugh  McMillan,  and  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1859 
by  the  Ohio  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Church,  and  ordained 
Dec.  15,  1859,  ^y  t^^  Western  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Church; 
was  pastor  of  Grand  Cote,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  1859,  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  Jan.  11,  1873,  at  Coultersville,  111.  He 
came  into  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  Aug.  10,  1870, 
with  his  congregation. 

BREADEN,  John  Hall: 

Son  of  Rev.  William;  was  born  Jan.  23,  1852,  at  Coulters- 
ville, Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  2,  1877, 
by  Butler,  and  ordained  June  11,  '78,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  241 

Oakland,   West   Va.,    June,    1878-June,    '79;    Mt.    Pleasant, 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  23,  1879-Ap.  13,  '86. 

BREADEN,  William  Philip  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  22,  1815,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1837,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  29,  1840,  by  the  Pres.  of  the  Lakes,  and  was  or- 
dained May  II,  '43,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Evansburg 
and  Portersville,  in  Butler  Co.,  1843-June  30,  '47;  of  Unity 
and  Sunbury  Oct.  3,  1847;  resigned  Unity  in  1858,  and  in 
i860  took  Fairview  for  half  time  until  June,  1871,  and  re- 
mained pastor  of  Sunbury  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
May  13,  1880.  The  day  before  his  death,  when  he  spoke 
with  great  difficulty,  he  sent  this  message:  "Tell  the  breth- 
ren of  the  Presbytery  I  die  having  no  confidence  in  the  flesh, 
placing  all  my  hope  in  Christ  alone  and  the  great  atonement, 
and  in  that  faith  I  expect  to  pass  safely  into  eternity." 

BRITTAIN,  Jeremiah  Reed,  D.  D. 

Was  born  July  26,  1839,  near  New  Brighton,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Aug.  9,  1865,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  4,  '66,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  since  ordination  of 
Greenville,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Publications:  Address  at  the  In- 
stallation of  Dr.  Jeffers  as  President  of  Westminster  College; 
a  Sermon  on  Bible  Temperance,  pp.  25;  Historical  Sermon, 
pp.  28;  Memorial  of  James  W.  Linn,  pp.  24;  The  Ministry 
and  Secular  Education,  an  Address,  pp.  25. 

BROCKETT,  Oliver  Garland: 

Was  born  Aug.  27,  1845,  at  West  Union,  Ills. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1878,  by  Princeton  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  9,  '78,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Morea,  Crawford  Co.,  111., 
Sept.  9,  1878-Oct.  27,  '82;  Blue  Mound,  Linn  Co.,  Kan.,  July 
II,  1883- Ap.  6,  '87. 

BROOKS,  William  Irwin: 

Was  born  Sep.  28,  1854,  near  Huntsville,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Geneva  College,  O.,  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  and  ordained  Ap.  4,  1883,  by  Sidney 
Pres.;  pastor  at  Miltonville,  Kan.,  since  Sep.  21,  i^ 


242  THE   MINISTRY. 

BROWN,  George,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia, 
Jan.  II,  1853,  from  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Canada;  was 
transferred  to  the  Presbytery  of  Saratoga  in  1855,  and  in  a 
few  months  afterward  passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

BROWN,  George  Cochran*: 

Was  born  in  1844  at  Baden,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1870,  by  Allegheny  Pres. ,  and  ordained 
June  13,  '71,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  of  Georgetown  and  New 
Vernon,  Mercer  Co.,  1871-May  6,  '''J2)\  died  in  Allegheny  May 
22,  1874,  from  consumption. 

BROWN,  Hugh*: 

Was  born  in  1806  in  Glasgow,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Semi- 
nary of  the  Relief  Church ;  was  licensed  by  the  Glasgow  Pres- 
bytery about  1830,  and  ordained  in  1831;  was  pastor  of  the 
Relief  Church  at  Balfron,  Sterlingshire,  i83i-'54;  supplied  in 
Glasgow  and  Ireland  until  1861,  when  he  came  to  Canada  and 
finally  the  U.  S. ;  joined  May,  1862,  the  Second  Pres.  of  New 
York;  was  pastor  of  Greensboro',  Vt.,  Jan.  5,  1864-Ap.,  '67; 
of  Caledonia  and  De  Korra,  Wis.,  Sept.,  1867,  until  his  death, 
May  15,  1876.  Publication:  Sermons  and  Addresses,  pp.  450, 
1879. 

BROWN,  Hugh,  (.A): 

Was  born  May  6,  1810,  in  Guiness,  county  Down,  Ireland; 
was  graduated  at  Belfast  College,  and  studied  theology  in 
Glasgow,  Scotland,  where  he  was  also  licensed  by  the  Glas- 
gow Pres.  of  Original  Burgher  Seceders;  was  transferred  to 
the  Pres.  of  Belfast,  and  by  it  ordained  and  installed  over  the 
congregation  of  CarrydufF.  After  a  few  years  he  came  to 
America  and  in  Nov.,  1848,  joined  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New 
York,  (Bullions,)  and  in  Jan.,  1849,  was  installed  in  South- 
wark,  Philadelphia;  resigned  in  Oct.,  and  was  suspended  for 
intoxication;  disregarded  the  sentence  to  a  large  extent,  and 
disobeyed  citations  until,  in  1852,  he  was  deposed.  He  then 
passed  to  Canada  and  preached  for  some  time  to  a  Presbyte- 
rian Ch.  in  Spencerville.     In  1857  he  applied  to  the  Pres.  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  243 

Cambridge  for  restoration  and  admission,  which  were  granted 
in  Sept. ;  was  pastor  of  East  Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
May  4,  1858  to  May  7,  '67;  S.  S.  in  Vermont,  two  years; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  filled  for  a  few  years  a  pastorate 
in  Saratoga  Co.,  from  which  he  retired  because  of  total 
blindness;  lives  at  Shushan,  N.  Y. 
BROWN,  James,  D.  D.,  (A.): 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1812,  in  Alyth,  Perthshire,  Scotland; 
was  graduated  at  Hanover,  Ind.,  in  1835,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  26,  1839,  by  the  Indiana 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  10,  '40,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of 
Peter's  Creek,  Sept.,  1840-Dec.  5,  1843;  of  Madison  and  con- 
nections, Ind.,  May,  1844;  released  from  Mt  Pleasant  and 
Vernon  May,  '48,  and  from  Madison  Nov.,  '55;  Keokuk,  la., 
Ap.,  1856-June  24,  '73;  S.  S.  at  Keokuk  1874-75;  pastor  at 
Columbus  City,  la.,  July,  1876-Ap.  4,  '83;  was  Moderator 
of  the  General  Assembly  in  1876.  Delegate  to  the  Presby- 
terian Council  in  1880.  Publications:  Farewell  Discourse  at 
Madison;  The  Sure  Refuge,  a  Sermon,  Acts  xx:32;  The  In- 
justice of  American  Slavery. 

BROWN,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1789  in  county  of  Tyrone,  Ireland;  re- 
ceived a  collegiate,  theological  and  medical  education  in  the 
University  of  Edinburgh;  was  ordained  by  the  "Evangelical 
Association  of  Ireland;"  came  to  America  about  181 2,  and 
supplied  Presbyterian  churches  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  for  two  or 
three  years;  was  called  in  Dec,  1815,  by  the  congregation  at 
Concord,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  but  as  the  Big  Spring  Pres- 
bytery had  some  doubts  as  to  the  validity  of  his  ordination 
that  question  was  referred  to  the  General  Synod,  and  the  or- 
dination was  sustained,  and  he  was  installed  as  pastor  in 
June,  181 7,  although  he  had  supplied  the  place  for  two  years; 
he  resigned  Oct.  5,  1819;  was  S.  S.  at  Timber  Ridge  and  Old 
Providence,  Va.,  i8i9-'22;  joined  the  Monongahela  Pres.  in 
1823,  after  the  dissolution  of  the  Big  Spring  Pres.  by  the 
union  of  1822;  was  pastor  of  Fall  Creek  and  Hop  Run,  High- 
land Co.,  O.,  May  23,  1826,  till  Nov.,  same  year;  settled  as 
a  practicing  physician  in  Pittsburgh  in  1829;  became  dissi- 
pated, and  after  preparatory  discipline  was,  in  Oct.,  1835,  de- 


244  THE   MINISTRY. 

posed  from  the  ministry  for  intemperance  and  contumacy;  in 

1839  he  retired  to  Bridgewater,  Beaver  Co.,   Pa.,  where  he 

died  Dec.  20,  1854.     His  last  days  were  reported  as  his  best 

days. 

BROWN,  John  Gemmell,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  14,  1824,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  24,  1845,  ^Y  Monongahela,  and 
ordained  Dec.  29,  '46,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  the  Second 
Asso.  Ref.,  now  Third  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  Pittsburgh, 
1846-Jan.,  '72;  was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  in 
1874,  and  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Home 
Missions,  May,  i872-'85.  Has  for  many  years  been  very 
active  in  promoting  the  education  of  deaf  and  dumb  children 
in  and  about  Pittsburgh,  and  has  been  largely  instrumental 
in  founding  the  Western  Pennsylvania  Institution  for  the  in- 
struction of  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  (a  State  institution,)  and 
has  been  the  President  of  its  Board  of  Trustees  since  1874  and 
its  General  Superintendent  since  1878,  and  President  since 
1886.  Publications:  A  Sermon  on  the  Twentieth  Anniver- 
sary of  his  Settlement;  a  Sermon  on  the  Sabbath  following 
the  Assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  in  Ap.,  1865. 
BROWN,  John  Hervey,  D.  D.  : 

Grandson  of  Rev.  A.  Porter,  was  born  Feb.  20,  1834,  in 
Hamilton,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and 
studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1863,  by 
Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  12,  '64,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  at  Clayton,  111.,  Sept.,  1864-Ap.  13,  '69,  Piqua, 
O.,  Sept.  2,  1869-July  16,  '84,  Rock  Island,  111.,  Dec.  22, 
1885-  Publications:  The  Abiding  Word,  a  Sermon;  The 
History  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  Piqua;  The 
Wonderfulness  of  Scripture,  a  Sermon. 
BROWN,  Mitchell  Matthews  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Sept.  10,  1820,  in  Israel  township,  Preble  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  University  in  1840,  and  studied 
theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  May,  1844,  by  the  First 
Pfes.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  Oct.  16,  '46,  by  the  First  Pres. 
of  Illinois;  pastor  of  Springfield,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  spring 
i849-'54;  was  Principal  of  Union  Academy  at  Sparta,  111.,  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  245 

the  Female  Seminary  at  Bloomington,  Ind,,  and  President  of 
Lincoln  College,  Greenwood,  Mo.  Publication:  A  Tract, 
' '  Come  to  Jesus. ' ' 

BROWN,  Newton  Ebenezer: 

Was  born  Jan.  15,  1840,  near  Harrisville,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1864,  by  the  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  26,  '66,  by  the  same;  pastor  over  Slippery  Rock 
and  Harlansburg,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  June  26,  1866-Jan.  19, 
'86. 

BROWN,  Nathan  Harvey: 

Brother  of  M.  M.,  was  born  Oct.  10,  1834,  at  Morning  Sun, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  i860,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1861,  by  Monmouth, 
and  was  ordained  Oct.  13,  '62,  by  Chicago  Pres. ;  was  pastor 
of  Shannon  111.,  Oct.,  1862-Ap.,  '65;  of  Spring  Creek, 
Bloomington  Pres.,  June,  1865-Ap.,  '69,  and  at  Ainsworth, 
la.,  June,  1871-Dec.,  '86. 

BROWN,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1772  in  Spartanburg  District,  S.  C,  and  edu- 
cated at  Dickinson,  and  was  reported  by  the  Pres.  of  the 
Carolinas,  in  1801,  as  a  student  of  theology^  under  its  care;  in 
1803  he  was  transferred  to  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky  to  finish  his 
studies  under  Mr.  Rankin,  and  was  by  it  licensed  in  Mar., 
1805,  and  ordained  Oct.,  1807;  was  pastor  of  Jones,  Barton 
and  Livingston  Creek,  in  Dickson  Co.,  Tenn.,  1807-Ap.,  '12; 
of  Salem,  Caldwell  Co.,  Ky.,  1812-Nov.,  '27,  where  he  also 
maintained  an  academy.  At  this  last  date  he  left  his  charge 
without  any  formal  resignation  or  dissolution,  and  went  into 
south-western  Tennessee,  and  there  died  July  i6,  1828. 

BROWN,  Thomas  (A.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  James;  was  born  Sept.  6,  1814,  in  Alyth, 
Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  educated  at  Xenia  Academy,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg ;  was  licensed  June  20,  1848, 
by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  26,  '50,  by  Muskingum; 
pastor  of  Cambridge,  Birmingham  and  the  Ridge,  Guernsey 
Co.,  O.,  at  Urbana,  O.,  1850-Ap.  13,  '59;  S.  S.  at  Urbana, 
O.,  1859-61;  Massie's  Creek,   O.,   Oct.   24,   i86i-'6;  at  Cen- 


246  THE   MINISTRY. 

tralia,  111.,  1868-71;  pastor  Crawfordsville,  la.,  Ap.  9,  1872- 

Ap.  7,  '79;  Welda,  Anderson  Co.,   Kan.,  Aug.  1882-Oct.  20, 

1885. 

BROWN,  Thomas  Hugh*: 

Son  of  Thomas,  was  born  Mar.  7,  1855,  at  Cambridge,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1879,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  12,  '80,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  of  Clarence,  and 
Stan  wood,  la.,  July  i,  1880-Oct.  i,  '84;  North  Henderson, 
111.,  Ap.  I,  1885-Ap.  13,  '86.  Died  Sep.  8,  1886,  of  con- 
sumption. 
BROWN,  William: 

Was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1865,  and  studied  theo- 
logy at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  1868  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  was  ordained  June  16,  '69,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor 
at  Mt.  Ayr.  and  Pleasant  Ridge,  la.,  June,  1869-Ap.  5,  '77; 
S.  S.  at  Eugene  and  Tingley,  la. 
BROWNE,  Robert  AuDLEY,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  3,  1821,  in  Steubenville,  O. ,  and  reared  in 
Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1840, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29, 
1843,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  31,  '44,  by 
the  same;  was  S.  S.  for  one  year  of  the  Second  Asso.  Ref. 
congregation  in  Pittsburgh ;  was  pastor  of  Eastbrook  and  She- 
nango,  Lawrence  County,  Pa.,  from  1846,  resigning  the  former 
in  1850,  and  the  latter  in  '59;  of  New  Castle,  (a  new  or- 
ganization out  of  part  of  his  original  charge)  i850-'67,  and 
again  of  New  Castle  since  1873.  During  his  first  pastorate 
of  New  Castle  he  was  absent  two  years  and  four  months  as 
chaplain  of  the  psalm-singing  "Roundhead"  regiment  in 
the  civil  war.  He  was  a  member  of  the  State  Senate  1865- 
1868.  He  was  president  of  Westminster  College  1867-70. 
In  1875  he  was  the  nominee  of  the  Prohibition  party  of  Penn- 
sylvania for  Governor,  and  Moderator  of  the  General  Assem- 
bly of  1869. 

BROWNE,  Samuel  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Sept.  1828,  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Bel- 
fast College,  and  studied  theology  in  Edinburgh;  was  licensed 
in  1 85 1  by  the  General  Assembly  Presbytery  of  Monaghan, 


THE   MINISTRY.  247 

and  ordained  Aug.  16,  1853,  by  the  Presbytery  of  Blairsville, 
(Asso.   Ref.);  was  pastor  of  Plum  Creek,  Indiana  Co.,   Pa., 
Aug.  1853-1865. 
BROWNLEE,  Anderson  Ebenezer: 

Was  born,  Oct.  25,  1855,  near  Claysville,  Wash.  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1881,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed,  June  12,  1883, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained,  Sep.  21,'  86,  by  Wheeling; 
pastor  at  Martins  Ferry,  Ohio,  since  ordination. 

BROWNLEE,  Ebenezer  Archibald: 

Was  born  June  16,  1831,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  17,  1856,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Mar.  8,  '61,  by  Kansas; 
pastor  of  Rome,  Faribault  Co.,  Minn.,  since  July  18,  1872. 

BROWNLEE,  Henry  Herschell: 

Brother  of  J.  D. ;  was  born  Mar.  18,  1854,  in  Franklin 
township,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster 
in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
May  2,  1876,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  19, 
'77,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  West  Beaver  and  New 
Lebanon  Sept.,  1877-Ap.  13,  1880.  Joined  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  and  supplies  at  Grand  Forks,  Dakota. 

BROWNLEE,  James  Carson  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1824,  i^  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1849,  ^'^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1852,  by  the  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Feb.  23,  '54,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Ridge  and 
Clear  Fork,  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  1854-55,  ^^^  ^i^^  Ap. 
12,  1858,  from  consumption. 

BROWNLEE,  James  Day: 

Was  born  Feb.  4,  1842,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa, ;  was  edu- 
cated at  Washington  and  Westminster  Colleges,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  5,  1869,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  10,  '70,  by  Steubenville;  was 
pastor  of  Wellsville,  O.,  May,  1870-Dec.  31,  '75;  of  Indiana, 
Pa.,  since  Oct.  19,  1877.  Publication:  Free  Masonry  as  a 
Religion,  a  Sermon,  pp.  16,  1873. 


248  THE    MINISTRY. 

BROWNLEE,  John  Templeton,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap,  24,  1824,  i^^^i"  West  Middletown,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1844,  ^^^ 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  13,  1849, 
by  Chartiers  Pres. ,  and  ordained  Oct.  31,  '50,  sine  titiUo^  by 
Albany;  took  charge  of  Mt.  Hope  congregation,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.,  in  June,  1851,  and  has  been  its  pastor  since  Feb.  19, 
1852;  was  delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884,  and 
Moderator  of  the  Gen.  Assembly  of  1886.  Publications: 
Quarter  Centennial  History  of  his  College  Class,  pp.  38,  1868; 
History  of  Presbytery  of  Chartiers,  pp.  47,  1877;  Sermon  at 
the  Ordination  of  W.  M.  Gibson,  Nov.  19,  1855. 

BROWNEEE,  Martin  Beveridge: 

Brother  of  John  T. ;  was  born  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. , 
June  7,  1845;  was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in 
1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth  and  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1873,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  titulo^  June  11,  '78,  by  the  same,  and  was  employed 
while  a  probationer  mainly  in  Kansas,  and  since  June,  1878, 
has  been  S.  S.  at  Berea  and  Richland,  Kan.  and  Centreville, 
Iowa. 

BROWNLEE,  Wiluam  Craig,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1783  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Anti-burgher 
Hall;  was  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Sterling  in  1806; 
came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1808,  and  was  ordained  May  3,  1809,  by 
the  Chartiers  Pres. ;  was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Burgetts- 
town,  Washington  Co.,  Pa,,  1809-Sept.,  '12;  of  Philadelphia 
Nov.,  i8i2-Oct.,  '14;  joined  the  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  rector 
of  the  Academy  of  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  181 5-' 17;  was 
pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Baskenridge,  N.  J.,  1818- 
'25;  was  professor  of  languages  in  Rutgers  College,  i825-'26; 
was  a  pastor  in  the  Collegiate  Dutch  Ch.  in  New  York  city 
1826-48,  and  emeritus  pastor  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
in  i860,  after  suffering  twelve  years  from  paralysis.  Publica- 
tions: His  publications  were  quite  numerous,  and  many  of 
them  relate  to  Roman  Catholicism. 


THE  MINISTRY.  249 

BRUCE,  David  Graham: 

Brother  of  James;  was  bom  July  13,  1833,  at  Amsterdam, 
Jefferson  Co. ,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Jefferson  and  Westminster 
Colleges,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Sept.  4,  1866,  by  Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  May 
18,  '69,  by  Big  Spring;  was  pastor  of  Lower  Chanceford, 
York  Co.,  Pa.,  May,  i869-June26,  '72;  Mediapolis,  la.,  Sept 
9,  1875-Jan.  15,  '79;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch,,  and  is  at 
Good  Hope,  111. 

BRUCE,  James  (A.): 

Nephew  of  James  C. ;  was  born  May  15,  1831,  at  Hillsville, 
Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Hanover,  Ind.,  in  1852, 
and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  2, 
1855,  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  by  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Philadelphia,  May  13,  '58;  was  pastor  of  Mercersburg  and 
the  Cove,  INIay,  1858-Feb.  10,  '6t,^  and  of  Andes,  N.  Y,,  since 
May  10,  1864,  ^ 

BRUCE,  James  C.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1800,  and  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1826, 
the  first  graduate  of  the  institution,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  30,  1830,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained,  sn^e  tUuIo^  by  the  same,  August  27,  '31; 
was  pastor  of  Henderson  River,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  May  11, 
i833-'48.  In  the  summer  of  1848  he  united  with  the  Asso. 
Synod  (Bullions  and  Stark),  and  Ap.  18,  1853,  joined  the 
Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Illinois;  and  was  pastor  of  Blue 
Mound  and  Wyoming  Valley,  Wis.,  1854,  until  his  death, 
which  took  place  in  1857  from  phthisis. 

BRUCE,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1776  in  Scone,  county  of  Perth,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh  in  1801,  and  studied 
theology  for  five  years  in  the  Associate  Hall  under  Professor 
A.  Bruce;  was  licensed  in  1806  by  the  Presbytery  of  Perth; 
was  immediately  "missioned"  by  the  Synod  to  the  U.  S., 
and,  in  company  with  Dr.  Alex.  Bullions,  landed  at  New 
York  on  the  8th  of  Dec.  of  the  same  year;  was  ordained  Dec. 
14,  1808,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  installed  at  the  same 
time  as  pastor  of  Pittsburgh  and  Peter's  Creek;  resigned  the 

17 


250  THE    MINISTRY. 

latter  in  18 13,  and  remained  in  Pittsburgh  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  June  14,  1846.  The  last  sermon  he  ever 
preached  was  from  the  text,  "In  my  Father's  house  are  many 
mansions."  He  was  an  exceedingly  diligent  and  laborious 
student  all  his  life.  He  was  President  of  the  Western  Uni- 
versity i820-'43,  and  of  Duquesne  College  i844-'46.  Publi- 
cations: An  Address  before  the  Pittsburgh  Philosophical 
Society,  1824;  a  Volume  of  Sermons,  1829. 
BRUCE,  William  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  James  C. ;  was  born  June  2,  1812,  in  Youngs- 
town,  Trumbull  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  15,  1836, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  14,  '37,  by  Miami; 
was  pastor  of  Ellison,  111.,  i837-'47;  Adamsville,  Crawford 
Co.,  Pa.,  1 853-' 60;  S.  S.  Conneautville,  Pa,,  1856-60;  Rye- 
gate,  Vt,  1868-Aug.  10,  '70;  Low  Point,  Woodford  Co.,  111., 
1872-Sept.  28,  '74;  Died  Aug.  26,  1881,  at  Low  Point, 
BRUCE,  William,  D.  D.  (A.)=^: 

Was  born  Mar.  9,  1828,  in  vScotland;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  in  Sept.,  1853,  by  the  Richland  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  26,  '55,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  Baltimore  congre- 
gation, Md.,  1855-May  6,  '73,  and  of  Maisse's  Creek,  O.,  Ap, 
27,  i875-'8o;  was  Professor  of  Didactic  Theology  in  the  Theo- 
logical Seminary  in  Xenia  from  Oct.,  1874,  until  his  death; 
was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1879.  Died  Nov. 
10,  1880,  of  consumption, 
BRUCE,  William  R,  : 

Was  born  May  14,  1844,  at  New  Sheffield,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  10,  1873,  by  Frankford  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  6,  '75,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Georgetown 
and  New  Vernon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination;  resigned 
New  Vernon,  Dec.  9,  '84;  was  a  soldier  in  the  Union  army 
during  the  civil  war. 

BRUNTON,  William  (A,  R,)=^: 

Was  received  by  the  Presbytery  of  Washington,  N,  Y. ,  in 
1828,   from    the  Asso.   Burgher  Ch.   of  Scotland,    and    after 


THE   MINISTRY.  251 

remaining  two  or  three  years  passed  to  one  of  the  churches  in 
Canada. 

BYRAN,  John  (A.): 

Was  born  August  5,  1811,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  educated 
at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
July  8,  1840,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '41,  by 
Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Jefferson,  New  Market  and  Sharon 
congregations,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  Sept.,  1841-autumn  of  '53; 
Bloomington,  Ind.,  1855-62;  supplied  for  a  time,  and  is  in- 
firm at  Bloomington,  Indiana. 

BRYSON,  John  C.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1 821,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Bethany  College,  West  Va.,  in  1846,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1849,  by  Steuben- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  12,  '50,  by  Blairsville;  was 
was  pastor  at  Puckety,  Westmoreland  Co.,  1850-Oct.  31,  '54; 
Mt  Gilead,  Allegheny  Co.,  Sept.,  1855-Sept.  18,  '66;  S.  S. 
at  Fairview,  Johnson  Co.,  Mo.,  i868-'72;  resides  at  Warrens- 
burg,  Mo. ,  without  charge. 

BUCHANAN,  George  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1782,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  of  Covenanter  parent- 
age; was  prepared  for  college  by  Mr.  Dobbin,  and  was  grad- 
uated at  Dickinson  in  1805,  and  studied  theology  in  New 
York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  Dec,  1809,  by  the 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  19,  '11,  by  Mononga- 
hela,  and  installed  pastor  of  Steubenville,  Yellow  Creek,  and 
Herman's  Creek;  resigned  Yellow  Creek  Dec.  9,  1812,  and 
Herman's  Creek  Ap.  10,  1838,  and  remained  pastor  of  Steu- 
benville until  his  death,  Oct.  14,  1855.  Nearly  his  last  utter- 
ance was :  "When  this  struggle  is  over  I  shall  be  freed  from 
contending  with  a  sinful  world,  from  resisting  temptations 
and  fighting  with  spiritual  wickedness  in  high  places.  I  shall 
be  done  with  warning  sinners,  and  if  they  will  not  heed  my 
admonitions,  but  cast  them  from  them,  they  must  bear  the 
consequences.  And  now,  what  wait  I  for?  I  know  that  I 
shall  receive  the  crown  of  righteousness  which  God  will  give 
to  him  who  is  faithful  to  the  end,  and  shall  be  received  to  that 
city  whose  builder  and  maker  is  God." 


252  THE   MINISTRY. 

BUCHANAN,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  J.  Hervey;  was  born  Mar,  21,  1822,  in  Fairfield 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1841,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1844,  by  the  Second 
Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  July  23,  '46,  by  Springfield,  and 
installed  as  pastor  in  Cedarville,  O.,  where  he  died  Ap.  11, 
1847.  Publication:  A  Sermon  in  Vol.  IV.  of  the  Pulpit  of 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

BUCHANAN,  James  Hervey  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  10,  1816,  near  Lancaster,  Fairfield  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1840,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of 
Ohio,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Oct.  12,  '42,  by  the  same; 
was  S.  S.  at  Birmingham,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  1842-7;  pas- 
tor of  Cedarville,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  May,  1848-Dec.,  '54;  in- 
stalled at  Huntsville  and  Roundhead  in  June,  1870;  demitted 
Huntsville  Ap.  29,  1879,  and  Roundhead  Ap.  6,  '81;  supplied 
Homestead,  111.,  1881-3;  Principal  of  Oxford  Female  Insti- 
tute, Ohio,  1855-67.  Died  Oct.  18,  1883,  of  embolism  of  the 
heart.  Publications:  Messiah's  Kingdom,  a  Sermon,  1852; 
Divinity  and  Humanity  of  Jesus  Christ,  a  Sermon,  1853. 

BUCHANAN,  James  Nelson  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  10,  1824,  ^^^^.r  Thornville,  Licking  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1848,  and  studied  theology 
at  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  185 1,  by  Michigan  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  28,  '51,  by  the  same,  and  installed  pastor  of 
Hebron,  Ind.,  and  is  yet  in  charge. 

BUCHANAN,  James  W.  : 

Was  born  June  24,  1829,  i^  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  May  i,  1861,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
3,  '65,  by  Michigan;  was  S.  S.  of  Caledonia  and  Orangeville, 
in  Michigan,  1864-Sept.,  '69,  and  then  pastor  until  '73;  sup- 
plied Wheatland,  Will  Co.,  111.,  from  Oct.,  1874,  and  pastor 
Nov.  2,  1875-Mar.  II,  '84;  S.  S.  Utica,  Neb.,  1885- 
BUCHANAN,  John  Junkin  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Rev.  George;  was  born  Jan.  24,  1817,  at  Steuben- 
ville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in   1837,  and  studied 


THE    MINISTRY.  253 

theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1841,  by  Steu- 
benville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  3,  '42,  by  Monongahela; 
was  pastor  of  Raccoon  and  Hanover,  Beaver  Co.,  Nov.,  1842 
-Mar.  26,  '44;  of  Mifflin,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  May  5,  1846- 
Sept.  25,  '49;  died  in  Allegheny  City,  July  27,  1853,  f^'om 
consumption. 

BUCHANAN,  Joseph: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  George;  was  born  June  5,  1820,  in  Steu- 
benville,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  15,  1843,  ^Y  Steubenville 
Pres. ;  spent  many  years  as  the  Principal  of  the  High  School 
in  Steubenville,  and  Superintendent  of  the  Public  Schools, 
preaching  occasionally  in  the  near  vacancies;  was  ordained 
sine  titulo^  Sept.  13,  1876,  by  Steubenville,  and  is  a  stated 
supply. 

BUCHANAN,  Joseph  Henderson*: 

Was  born  Sept.  22,  1833,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  gradu- 
ated at  Muskingum  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 
and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1861,  by  Muskingum,  and 
ordained  by  the  same,  June  18,  '62;  was  pastor  of  Thornville 
and  Rush  Creek  from  his  ordination  until  his  death.  He 
spent  six  months  (Oct.  '63-Ap.  '64,)  in  the  Freedmen's  Mis- 
sion in  Vicksburg,  Miss. ,  and  died  from  dysentery  Sept.  6, 
1864,  at  West  Rushville,  Ohio. 

BUCHANAN,  Joseph  S.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1806,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jeiferson  1837,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1839,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  24,  '40,  by  Steubenville;  was  installed  pastor  of 
West  Alexander,  Middle  Wheeling  and  Short  Creek  at  ordina- 
tion; was  released  from  Middle  Wheeling  in  1850,  and  from 
the  others  in  '54,  because  of  ill  health;  taught  a  classical 
school  at  Portersville,  Pa.,  1854-56;  was  pastor  of  Clarence, 
Cedar  Co.,  la.,  i866-'72,  and  then  retired  from  active  labors 
to  Monmouth,  111.,  where  he  died  Mar.  31,  1887.  Publica- 
tions: A  Sermon  on  the  Sanctification  of  the  Sabbath,  1870; 
A  Farewell  Sermon,  1872. 


254  THE   MINISTRY. 

BUCHANAN,  Walter  Joseph: 

Son  of  Rev.  Joseph  S.,  was  born  Sept.  8,  1857,  in  Jackson 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1879,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1883,  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  was  ordained  June  6,  '84,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Ellison,  Henderson  Co.,  111.,  since  June  6,  1884. 

BUCHANAN,  William  Howell: 

Was  born  Sept.  21,  1829,  ^^  Cross  Roads,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1859,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  July  12,  1859,  by  Mon- 
mouth Pres.,  and  ordained  July  11,  '60,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  Elvaston,  111.,  1860-Sept.,  '68;  was  Superintendent 
of  Freedmen's  Mission,  at  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  i868-'7i;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Cli.  in  Dec,  1871,  and  has  held  pastoral 
charges  in  St.  Louis  and  Texas,  and  is  now  at  New  Bedford, 
Mass. 

BUCK,  Samuel  Alexander*: 

Was  born  Nov.  27,  1851,  at  College  Corner,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1877,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same,  Sept.  22,  '80;  S.  S.  at  Indianapolis,  1878 
-'9;  was  pastor  of  Sycamore  and  Hopkinsville,  O.,  Sept. 
1880-Sept.  25,  '83.  Died  from  typhoid  dysentery,  Aug.  14, 
1884. 

BULL,  James  L.  (A.): 

Was  born  at  Massie's  Creek,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami 
in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
July  I,  1846,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  July 
8,  '47;  S.  S.  for  one  year  in  Michigan;  installed  pastor  of 
Kenton  and  Iberia,  O. ,  in  1848;  resigned  Iberia  in  '53,  and 
Kenton  after  the  union  of  '58,  so  that  the  two  congregations 
there  might  unite;  of  Tranquility,  la.,  i864-'8;  missionated 
ten  years,  and,  since  1878,  has  been  Principal  of  Traer  Acad- 
emy, Iowa. 

BULLIONS,  Alexander,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1779  in  Perthshire,  in  Scotland.  His  parents 
belonged  to  the  Kirk,  but  at  the  age  of  sixteen  he  made  a 
profession  of  religion  in  the  Associate  Church;  was  graduated 


THE   MINISTRY.  255 

at  the  University  of  Edinburgh  in  1801,  and  studied  theology 
for  five  years  in  the  Associate  Hall  under  Prof.  Bruce,  of 
Whitburn;  was  licensed  May  20,  1806,  by  the  Pres.  of  Perth; 
wished  to  go  as  a  missionary  to  India,  but  for  political  reasons 
no  British  vessel  would  at  that  time  carry  out  a  missionary,  so 
he  sailed  with  Dr.  Robert  Bruce  for  New  York,  where  he 
landed  Dec.  8,  1806;  passed  to  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  in  Jan., 
1807  ;  received  a  call  in  June,  and  after  declining  it,  finally 
accepted,  and  was  ordained  by  the  Cambridge  Presbytery  in 
April,  1808,  and  installed  pastor  in  Cambridge,  and  died  in 
this  pastoral  relation  June  26,  1857.  A  man  of  great  vigor  of 
body  and  of  mind,  and  of  strong  and  quick  impulses,  and  fre- 
quently sung  of  mercy  and  of  judgment.  In  1830  a  difficulty 
began  to  spring  up  in  his  Presbytery,  which  seriously  involved 
him.  It  assumed  a  variety  of  phases  and  passed  through 
many  stages  in  both  Presbytery  and  Synod,  until  an  act  of 
suspension  was  passed  on  the  5th  of  Oct.,  1837,  and  fol- 
lowed by  deposition  soon  afterward.  On  the  7th  of  Feb., 
1838,  he  declined  the  authority  of  the  Presbytery,  and  as  the 
great  majority  of  the  congregation  clung  to  him,  a  long  and 
expensive  lawsuit  followed.  Dr.  Bullions  carried  his  case  to 
the  neighboring  Presbytery  of  Vermont,  which  assumed  the 
right  to  review  it  and  to  restore  him  to  the  ministry.  The 
trouble  reached  to  other  Presbyteries  and  finally  terminated  in 
a  schism.  The  majority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Albany,  the 
minority  of  the  Presbytery  of  Cambridge,  and  the  entire  Pres. 
of  Vermont  associated  together,  and  on  the  i5tli  of  June, 
1841,  organized  a  rival  Synod,  under  the  title  of  the  Associate 
Synod  of  North  America.  After  thirteen  years  this  breach 
was  healed  and  the  Doctor  died  in  peace.  Publications:  A 
Tract,  entitled  Marah's  Waters  Sweetened,  or  Afflictions  and 
Consolations  of  the  Righteous;  another  on  Repentance;  an- 
other on  Pardon;  and  many  contributions  to  the  periodic 
press. 

BULLIONS,  David  GooDwiLUE  (A.)*: 

A  son  of  Dr.  Alexander;  was  born  June  24,  1817,  in  Cam- 
bridge, N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1835,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  July,  1841,  by  the 
Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  Bullions  Pres.  of  Cambridge 


256  THE   MINISTRY. 

Aug-.  26,  '42  ;  colleague  of  his  father  in  Cambridge  i842-'57; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  was  pastor  of  the  congrega- 
tion of  West  Milton,  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  1857  until 
his  death,  Sept.  29,  1864. 

BULLIONS,  Peter,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Dec,  1791,  at  Moss  Side,  near  Perth,  Scotland; 
was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh  in  18 13,  and 
studied  theology  with  Professor  Paxton  in  the  Associate  Hall; 
was  licensed  in  June,  1817,  by  the  Pres.  of  Edinburgh,  and 
sailed  in  July  for  New  York;  was  ordained  March  4,  1818,  by 
the  Cambridge  Presbytery;  was  installed  at  his  ordination  as 
pastor  of  S.  Argyle  and  W.  Hebron,  in  Washington  Co. ,  N. 
Y. ;  resigTied  the  latter  Jan.  27,  1823,  ^^^  ^^^  former  Feb.  2, 
'25.  In  1832  he  began  preaching  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ,  being  then 
and  for  many  years  afterward  a  resident  of  Albany,  and  when 
an  Associate  Church  was  organized  in  1834  in  Troy  he  was 
installed  as  pastor.  In  1852  he  resigned  and  made  a  lengthy 
visit  to  his  native  land,  and-  when  he  returned  was  recalled 
and  installed  as  his  own  successor  in  Troy,  where  he  remained 
in  active  service  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Feb.  13,  1864. 
He  was  Professor  of  Languages  in  the  Albany  Academy  1825 
-1849,  ^^^  was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1859. 
Publications:  Several  Sermons;  A  Series  of  Grammars,  Eng- 
lish, Latin  and  Greek,  which  passed  through  many  editions; 
A  Latin-English  Dictionary,  1012  pp.,  1862. 

BURD,  George  W.  (Colored)*: 

Was  born  in  Va.  and  educated  at  Westminster  and  became 
a  teacher  in  the  Freedmen's  Mission  in  Tenn.,  in  1869;  was 
licensed  in  1870  by  the  Tennessee  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Ap., 
'71,  by  the  same;  had  charge  of  the  Vicksburg  branch  of  this 
mission  Jan.,  i87i-'72;  left  the  U.  P.  C. ,  and  soon  afterwards 
died  from  the  smallpox. 

BURGESS,  Robert: 

Was  born  Ap.,  18,  1822,  in  Poland,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1845,  ^^^  studied  theology  one 
year  at  Canonsburg,  one  at  Princeton,  and  finished  with  Dr. 
Alex.  Bullions;  was  licensed  in  1848  by  Cambridge  Pres., 
(Bullions');  in  1850  joined  the  New  School  Covenanters,  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  257 

preached  for  a  short  season  under  their  care  in  Tenn. ,  where 
he  became  so  disgusted  with  slavery  that  he  joined  the  Free 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  ordained  and  preached  for  some 
time  in  Hartford,  Trumbull  Co.,  O.  When  the  Free  Ch.  dis- 
solved after  the  civil  war  he  joined  the  U.  P.  C,  and  supplied 
two  years  in  Kansas  and  Iowa.  In  1867  he  united  with  the 
New  School  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  preached  for  several  years 
at  Montrose  and  Woodbine,  in  Iowa;  then  taught  for  a  sea- 
son; he  was  never  installed,  and  lives  at  Cleveland,  O.,  with- 
out any  church  connection. 

BURNETT,  William.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1808  in  Abbeville  district,  S.  C. ;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1832,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.,  23,  1835,  by  the  Second  Pres.,  of 
Ohio,  and  ordained  Ap.,  13,  '36,  by  Monongahela;  was  pas- 
tor of  Robinson's  Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  Ap.,  1836-Ap.,  '38; 
was  Pres.  of  Franklin  College  1839-40;  pastor  of  the  Fourth 
A.  R.  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  June,  1840-Sept.,  '41;  of  Mt.  Nebo, 
Allegheny  Co.,  1845-Dec.,  31,  1850,  certified  to  the  Presby- 
terian Ch. ;  died  Aug.  20,  1854.  Publication:  A  Sermon  in 
Vol.  I  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 

BURNS,  John,  (A.  R.):* 

Was  born  in  Fenwick,  Ayrshire,  Scotland;  graduated  at 
Glasgow  University;  entered  the  Burgher  Theological  Hall 
under  Dr.  Lawson  in  1792;  was  licensed  and  ordained  by  the 
Burgher  Presbytery  of  Glasgow;  came  to  the  U.  S.,  in  1803; 
joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.,  of  New  York  in  Mar.,  1804,  and 
transferred  in  May  by  the  Synod  to  the  Pres.,  of  Washington. 
In  the  spring  of  1805  he  received  a  call  from  Stamford  and 
Bertie,  in  Canada  West,  and  entered  immediately  upon  the 
duties  of  the  pastorate,  although  not  formally  installed  until 
Sept.,  18,  1806,  because  of  the  distance  and  difficulty  of  ac- 
cess. The  Stamford  Ch.  was  subsequently  dismissed  by  the 
Presbytery  of  Saratoga,  to  unite  with  one  of  the  Canada 
churches.  Mr.  Burns  died  in  1822  in  the  communion  of  the 
United  Secession  Church. 

BURNS,  John  Auld*: 
Was  born  in  Jacksonville,  Greene  Co.,  Pa.,  July  2,   1843; 


258  THE    MINISTRY. 

was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 

at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.,  19,  1871,  by  the  Monmouth 

Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,   20,  '72,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of 

North  English,  in  Poweshiek  Co.,   la.,   Sept.,    i872-'76;  of 

Lawrence,    Mass.,  Aug.,   4,  1876,  until  his  death,   Mar.,  28, 

1878. 

CALAHAN,  Thomas,  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  about  1820;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1840,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.,  29,  1843,  ^Y  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  by  the  same  July  16,  '44;  was  pastor  of  Canons- 
burg,  i844-'48;  of  Hanover  and  Hookstown,  June  20,  1849- 
Ap.,  II,  54;  supplied  Cass,  Hancock  Co.,  O. ;  pastor  Bur- 
nett's Creek,  Ind. ,  i858-'63;  chaplain  for  a  time  in  the  army; 
S.  S.,  at  Elvira,  Clinton  Co.,  la.,  1867;  deposed  from  the 
ministry  Oct.  2,  1868,  and  is  teaching  in  Missouri. 

CALDERHEAD,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1750  in  or  near  Glasgow,  Scotland,  of  High- 
land parents;  was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and 
studied  theology  in  the  Burgher  Hall  with  John  Brown,  of 
Haddington;  was  ordained  in  1777,  and  was  pastor  of  the 
Burgher  congregation  of  Horndean,  near  Berwick-on-Tweed, 
1777-1802;  was  one  and  the  oldest  of  the  five  Burgher  minis- 
ters who  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  the  autumn  of  1802  with  Dr. 
J.  M.  Mason.  The  very  day  he  left  Hordean  he  was  married 
to  a  young  Covenanter  maiden,  Margaret  Brown,  who  was 
thirty-two  years  his  junior.  He  started  the  next  week  after 
landing  in  New  York  for  Elizabethtown,  above  Pittsburgh, 
where  the  Rev.  Matthew  Henderson  was  located,  and  spent 
the  winter  in  supplying  that  vicinity;  was  pastor  of  West 
Middletown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  and  Short  Creek,  West 
Virginia,  i8o3-'5;  of  Short  Creek,  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  i8o5-'8. 
Upon  one  occasion  during  his  residence  here  he  was  absent 
from  home  but  a  few  days,  yet  when  he  returned  he  found 
one  of  his  children  dead  and  buried.  The  shock  was  so  great 
that  he  went  to  bed  immediately  and  slept  without  waking 
for  forty-eight  hours.  He  removed  in  1808  to  Wheeling 
township,  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  pastor  of  Union 
Town,  Cadiz  and  Piney  Fork  until  his  death,  Jan.  31,  1812. 


THE   MINISTRY.  259 

While  ill  Jefferson  Co.  the  Rev.  William  Taggart,  D.  D. ,  and 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Findley,  D.  D,,  commenced  studying  the 
languages  and  sciences  with  him,  and  moved  with  him  to 
Belmont  Co.,  and  remained  with  him  until  the  autumn  of 
1809,  when  they  were  received  by  Presbytery  as  students  of 
theology,  and  passed  to  the  Theological  Seminary  of  New 
York.  He  died  of  gravel.  He  published  nothing,  but  left 
hundreds  of  carefully-prepared  sermons  in  manuscript,  many 
of  which  are  still  preserved. 

CALDERHEAD,  Ebenezer  Brown  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Alexander;  was  born  Jan.  4,  1810,  in  Bel- 
mont Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1836,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  on  May  19,  1840,  by 
Steubenville  Pres. ,  and  ordained  Aug.  11,  '41,  by  Second 
Ohio;  installed  pastor  of  Jonathan's  Creek  and  connections, 
Perry  Co.,  O.,  Aug.,  1841;  resigned  Jonathan's  Creek  Ap.  12, 
'54,  and  Rush  Creek  and  Thornville  Jan.  22,  '61,  since  which 
he  has  had  no  pastoral  charge,  living  mostly  at  New  Athens,  O. 

CALDWELIy,  Alexander  Brown: 

Was  born  Ap.  29,  1856,  at  Dehra-Dhoon,  in  north-western 
India,  Asia;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1878,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  15,  1880,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,  and  ordained,  Ap.  19,  '81,  by  the  same  for  the 
Foreign  Missionary  work,  and  sailed  for  northern  India  May 
26,  1881,  and  is  stationed  at  Gurdaspur. 

CALDWELL,  Albert  Hamilton: 

Was  born  June  12,  1839,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1863,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Feb.  8,  '65,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Franklin  and 
Utica,  Pa.,  i865-'67;  and  of  Antrim,  O.,  since  Jan.  i6,  1867. 

CALDWELL,  John  Thompson: 

Was  born  Jan.  29,  1853,  i^  Norwich,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1879,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.  21,  and  installed  June  8,  '80,  by  Sidney,  at 
Scotch  Ridge,  Wood  Co.,  O. 


26o  THE   MINISTRY. 

CALHOUN,  Alexander,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1833,  near  Savannah,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1857,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Aug.  25,  '58,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Savannah  and  Au- 
burn, O.,  Aug.,  1858-Oct.,  '58;  of  Temperanceville  and 
Mansfield,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  16,  1858-Oct.  i,  '61,  and 
remained  as  S.  S.  in  Temperanceville  until  Aug.,  68;  pastor 
of  the  Fifth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Aug.,  '68-July,  '73;  com- 
menced laboring  in  San  Jose,  Cal.,  Aug.  9,  1874,  as  a  mis- 
sionary, by  the  appointment  of  the  Gen.  Ass.,  organized  a 
church  in  the  following  Nov.,  and  was  installed  Ap.  10,  1879, 
as  pastor. 

CALHOUN,  Johnson  C.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  2,  1853,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  13,  1881,  by  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
12,  '82,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Oskaloosa,  la.,  Ap.,  1882- 
June  12,  '83;  Knoxville  and  Unity,  la.,  May,  1884-Ap.  15, 
'85;  Olena,  111.,  since  June  19,  1885. 

CALHOUN,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Nov.  27,  1842,  at  Hookstown,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  23,  1872,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  12,  '73,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Indianola,  la., 
since  ordination. 

CALVERT,  Alexander  Hamilton: 

Was  born  Mar.  16,  1837,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Dec.  24,  1867,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Dec.  22,  '68,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Etna,  Allegheny  Co., 
since  ordination.     Has  been  a  teacher  for  many  years. 

CAMPBELL,  Allen  Ditchfield,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  15,  1791,  at  Chorley,  Lancastershire,  Eng- 
land. While  yet  a  child  the  family  emigrated  and  settled  in 
Baltimore,  Md. ,  where  he  was  reared ;  he  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  181 1,  and  studied  theology 
in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  1815  by  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  26 1 

Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  June,  'i8,  by  Mononga- 
hela,  and  installed  pastor  of  Meadville  and  Sugar  Creek,  in 
Crawford  Co.,  Pa.  When  the  Synod  of  Scioto  organized  as 
the  Synod  of  the  West,  Ap,  27,  1820,  and  independent  of  the 
Gen.  Synod,  he  declined  its  jurisdiction  and  connected  with 
the  Red  Stone  Pres.  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  at  the  same 
time  left  his  pastoral  charge.  He  was  pastor  of  the  First 
Pres.  congregation  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  1820-27;  and  from 
1827-40  devoted  most  of  his  time,  and  at  his  own  expense,  to 
the  founding  and  upbuilding  of  the  Presbyterian  Theo.  Sem. 
at  Allegheny  City.  Died  Sept.  20,  1861,  at  his  country  resi- 
dence, near  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

CAMPBELL,  A1.VIN  Melanchthon: 

Was  born  Feb.  17,  1857,  at  Dewitt,  la. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  20,  1880,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  17,  1 88 1,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Winterset,  la.,  Oct. 
17,  i88i-Oct.  21,  '84;  Cedarville,  O.,  Ap.  14,  1885- 
CAMPBELL,  Charles  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1768  in  Stewardstown,  county  Tyrone,  Ireland; 
was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology 
in  the  Burgher  Hall,  in  Scotland,  under  John  Brown  of  Had- 
dington; was  licensed  in  1789,  and  was  ordained  in  a  pastoral 
charge  in  the  county  of  Londonderry,  under  the  care  of  the 
Associate  Presbytery  of  Derry.  He  came  to  this  country  in 
1801  "under  a  sentence  of  suspension  from  the  holy  ministry 
by  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Derry,  in  Ireland,  but  fully 
purged  of  scandal  and  restored  to  the  communion  of  the 
church,  and  was  admitted  to  preach  the  gospel  under  the  care 
of  Presbytery  (the  First  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania),  in  order 
to  make  trial  of  his  humble  and  pious  deportment  previous  to 
his  restoration  to  the  ministerial  office. "  Synod  was  offended 
at  this  and  rebuked  the  Presbytery  for  being  "incautious  and 
precipitate,"  and  referred  the  whole  case  to  the  Synod  of 
Pennsylvania,  which  at  its  first  meeting.  May,  1803,  restored 
him  to  the  full  exercise  of  the  ministry.  During  all  this  time 
he  was  supplying  the  congregations  of  Lower  Chanceford  and 
Hopewell,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  and  in  the  summer  of  1803  was 
installed  as  their  pastor.     He  died  Ap.  7,  1804. 


262  THE   MINISTRY. 

CAMPBELL,  Eluott  Davidson  * : 

Was  born  Feb.  12,  1852,  at  Futtegurh,  India.  His  father, 
the  Rev.  D.  E.  Campbell,  and  mother  {nee  Maria  L  Bigham) 
went  in  1850  to  India,  as  missionaries  under  the  Presbyterian 
Board,  They  were  stationed  at  Futtegurh,  and  labored  with 
success  until  the  Sepoy  mutiny  broke  out  in  1857.  I'h^Yj 
with  two  children  younger  than  he,  were  massacred  in  that 
mutiny  on  the  13th  of  June.  He  was  providentially  pre- 
served, because  when  the  family  returned  in  the  spring  from 
their  brief  vacation  at  the  Himalaya  range  he  was  so  ill  that 
they  were  compelled  to  leave  him  in  charge  of  the  Rev.  Wil- 
liam Jay,  chaplain  of  the  garrison  at  Landowr.  Here  he  re- 
mained until  the  mutiny  was  quelled,  and  was  brought  to 
this  country  in  1859  by  the  Rev.  William  Janvier,  of  the 
Presbyterian  Board,  and  was  then  taken  to  the  home  of  his 
widowed  grandmother,  in  Millersburg,  O.  He  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1871;  studied  theology  one  winter  in  Alle- 
gheny, two  in  Xenia,  and  a  fourth  in  the  Free  Church  Col- 
lege at  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1874,  by 
Mansfield  Pres.,  and  organized  the  mission  in  Burlington,  la., 
and  supplied  it  until  July,  1877;  was  ordained  Dec.  10,  ''']']^ 
by  Bloomington;  pastor  at  Paxton,  Ford  Co.,  111.,  Dec, 
1877-June  24,  '81;  at  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
20,  i88i-Oct.  20,  '84.  Died  of  consumption  Aug.  15,  1885. 
CAMPBELL,  Gawn,  M.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  20,  1823,  "^  Barnamaghery,  Ireland;  was 
educated  throughout  at  Belfast  College;  was  licensed  Nov.  7, 
1843,  by  th^  Pres.,  of  Down,  and  came  to  this  comitry  in 
1850,  and  was  ordained  in  Oct.,  of  that  year  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.,  of  Vermont;  was  pastor  of  Greensboro',  Vt.,  Oct., 
1850-Oct.,  29,  '61;  of  W.  44th  St.,  New  York,  Nov.  21, 
1861-July  17,  ''^'].  Gave  all  his  time  to  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine. Died  Feb.  20,  1887.  Publications:  Catechism  on  Some 
of  the  Principles  and  Practices  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church,  1867;  A  Catechism  on  the  Sacraments  of  Baptism 
and  the  Lord's  Supper,  1868;  A  History  of  West  Forty-fourth 
St.,  Church,  1868;  The  Death  of  Aaron,  1870. 
CAMPBELL,  James,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  181 2  in  Scotland;  came  to  this  countr}^  in 


THE    MINISTRY.  263 

youth  and  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1837,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  1840  by  the  Pres.,  of  Sar- 
atoga, and  ordained,  sine  titulo,  Oct.  17,  '43,  by  New  York; 
was  pastor  of  E.  Springfield,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  7,  1845- 
'46;  was  S.  S.,  for  several  years  at  Howard,  Steuben  Co.,  N. 
Y. ,  after  which  he  retired  to  a  farm  in  Howard  township,  and 
there  died  Sept.,  28,  1865. 
CAMPBELL,  James  Casner  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  19,  1823,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1845,  andstudied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1847,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  14,  '48,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Wellsville, 
O.,  Nov.  1848-55,  andKnoxville  until  1853;  Paris,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.,  i855-'75;  of  Hopewell,  Butler  Co.,  O,,  Mar.  26, 
1878-Jan.  26,  '84.  For  seven  years  he  was  principal  of  the 
Wellsville  Academy  and  for  six  years  of  the  Paris  Academy. 
Died  Aug.  19,  1884,  of  dysentery. 

CAMPBELL,  James  Oscar: 

Was  born  Mar.  21,  1858,  at  Service,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Mt.  Union,  O.,  in  1879,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Xenia  and  Union  in  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  Ap.  25,  1882,  by 
Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sep.  5,  '83,  by  Arkansas  Valley; 
pastor  of  Arkansas  City,  Kan.,  Sept.  5,  1883-Mar.  8,  1887. 

CAMPBELL,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Glenlion,  Perthshire,  Scotland,  and  came  with 
his  father  Donald  to  this  country  in  1802,  and  settled  in  Gal- 
way,  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1808, 
and  studied  theology  in  New  York;  was  licensed  Ap.  20, 
1812,  by  Saratoga  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  8,  '13,  by  the 
same,  and  installed  pastor  of  Caledonia,  Livingston  Co., 
N.  Y.,  where  he  died.  May  i,  181 7. 

CAMPBELL,  John  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  March  21,  1825,  in  Johnson  Co.,  Ind. ;  was 
graduated  at  Indiana  University  in  1845,  ^^^^  studied  theo- 
logy at  Oxford  ;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1848,  by  Indiana  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  28,  '54,  by  Butler;  was  pastor  of  Putney- 
ville  and  Pine  Creek,  Nov.,  i854-'57;  of  Mt.  Varnum  and 
Fairview,  Butler  Presbytery,  1857-59;  died  Aug.  8,  i860. 


564  THE   MINISTRY, 

CAMPBELL,  Joseph  Collins*: 

Brother  of  William  A.,  was  born  at  Union  Springs,  Lancas- 
ter Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.,  12,  1843;  ^"^'^^  graduated  at  Westminster 
in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June 
20,  1870,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same 
Nov.  18,  '72;  was  pastor  of  the  Sixth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  from 
his  ordination  to  his  death,  which  occurred  Aug.  31,  1879, 
from  consumption. 

CAMPBELL,  Joseph  Thomas; 

Was  born  Feb.,  3,  1838,  in  Antrim,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1866,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  by  the  same  Oct.  26,  '69;  pastor  of  Mt.  Hermon, 
Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  since  ordination,  and  S.  S.  for  one-fifth 
time  at  the  Ridge  since  Jan.,  1875- 

CAMPBELL,  Peter,  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Nov.  1784,  in  Cromie,  Perthshire,  Scotland; 
was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow  in  1814,  and 
studied  theology  in  Edinburgh;  was  licensed  Aug.  3,  1819, 
by  the  Associate  Pres.,  of  Glasgow.  In  1820  he  emigrated  to 
the  U,  S. ;  was  ordained,  sine  tiUtlo^  Sept. ,  28  of  the  same 
year,  by  the  Pres.,  of  Philadelphia;  labored  as  a  missionary 
for  over  two  years  in  Virginia  and  the  Carolinas;  was  pastor 
of  Florida,  Montgom.  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.,  20,  1823-Sept.  1843; 
spent  twelve  years  in  missionary  work  in  Vermont  and 
Canada  East,  after  which  he  retired  from  the  active  duties  of 
the  ministry  and  settled  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  where  he  died 
Oct.  19,  1866. 

CAMPBELL,  Robert  Gowen,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  in  Lower  Chanceford,  York  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1862,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  by 
the  same  Nov.  24,  '63;  was  pastor  of  Martin's  Ferry,  Nov., 
1863-Sept.,  '67;  of  New  Athens,  O.,  1867-June  8,  '86.  He 
was  President  of  Franklin  College  i867-'7i,  and  has  been 
Prof,  of  Latin  and  German  since  1871. 

CAMPBELL,  Robert  Gregg: 

Was  born  Ap.  29,  1834,  in  county  Down,  Ireland,  and  came 


THE   MINISTRY.  265 

in  early  youth  to  Noblestown,  Pa. ;  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1863,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed May  I,  1866,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  I,  '70,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Lyndon,  Cattaraugus  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Sept.  I,  1870-N0V.  24,  '80;  Buffalo,  Marquette  Co., 
Wis.,  June  21,  1882-Mar.  27,  '87. 

CAMPBELL,  Robert  K.  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  James  C. ;  was  born  May  6,  1832,  in  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1852,  and  studied 
theology'  at  Allegheny  and  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1855, 
by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  by  the  same,  Aug. 
26,  '56;  was  pastor  of  Sycamore,  O.,  Ap.,  1856-Ap.,  '65;  of 
Greenfield,  O.,  Nov.,  i865-'7o;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  has  been  pastor  at  South  Salem,  O.,  ever  since.  Publi- 
cations: Systematic  Beneficence,  A  Sermon,  i860;  History  of 
South  Salem  Presbyterian  Church,  1873. 

CAMPBELL,  Robert  Sleeth  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  16,  1823,  at  Antrim,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Madison  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  li- 
censed Ap.  12,  1854,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained June  12,  '56,  by  Iowa;  was  pastor  of  De  Witt  and 
Elvira,  la.,  June,  1 856-' 68;  of  Homestead,  Rock  Island  Co., 
111.,  Nov.  II,  1872-Ap.  10,  '78;  supplied  Davenport,  la.,  a 
year,  and  died  without  charge  at  New  Concord,  O.,  Jan.  10, 
1880. 

CAMPBELL,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Cousin  of  the  poet  Campbell;  was  bom  Feb.  i,  1763,  in 
Ireland,  and  graduated  at  Glasgow,  in  Scotland,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  Bruce,  of  Whitburn;  was  ordained  in  1798, 
and  held  a  pastoral  charge  for  a  number  of  years  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Market  Hill,  Ireland;  came  to 
this  country  in  the  spring  of  1807,  and  united  with  the  Asso- 
ciate Ch.  on  the  i6th  of  May;  was  sent  by  Synod  to  the  Char- 
tiers  Pres. ,  and  was  assigned  as  supply  to  the  Buffalo  congre- 
gation. Dr.  John  Anderson  was  appointed  to  assist  him  in 
holding  a  communion  in  the  autumn  of  1807.  This  the 
Doctor  failed  to  do,  and  gave  to  the  Presbytery  the  following 
reason:  "That  Mr.  Campbell  had  publicly  taught  that  there 


266  THE    MINISTRY. 

is  not  an  appropriation  of  Christ  to  ourselves  in  the  essence  of 
saving  faith;  and  that  we  have  nothing  but  human  authority 
or  agreement  for  confessions  of  faith,  testimonies,  covenanting 
and  fast  days  before  dispensation  of  the  Lord's  Supper.  And 
as  Mr.  Anderson  judged  that  these  propositions  were  incon- 
sistent with  some  articles  in  our  testimony,  it  appeared  most 
proper  not  to  join  with  Mr.  Campbell  in  the  communion  till 
the  matter  should  be  inquired  into."  The  Presbytery  sus- 
tained the  reason,  and  at  the  next  meeting  tried  Mr.  Camp- 
bell for  error  in  doctrine  in  seven  different  particulars,  found 
him  guilty  and  suspended  him.  He  appealed  to  Synod, 
which,  at  its  meeting  in  May,  1808,  "disapproved  of  Mr. 
Anderson's  conduct  in  said  instance,  because  he  had  not  first 
written  Mr.  Campbell  on  the  subject  or  sought  an  interview 
with  him,  and  likewise  of  the  Presbytery  sustaining  said  ex- 
cuse." After  giving  a  history  of  the  Presbytery's  proceedings 
the  Synod  resolved  that  ' '  On  the  ground  of  the  aforesaid  ir- 
regularities, they  reverse  the  sentence  of  suspension  passed  by 
them  on  Mr.  Campbell."  The  Synod  then  concluded  not  to 
send  the  case  back  to  the  Presbytery,  but  to  issue  it  at  once. 
After  much  consideration  and  many  explanations  by  Mr. 
Campbell,  it  was  finally  concluded  to  rebuke  and  admonish 
him.  "After  a  few  remarks  he  declared  his  submission,  and 
a  brother  having  been  employed  in  prayer  he  was  accordingly 
rebuked  and  admonished  by  the  Moderator,  and  in  this  man- 
ner the  affair  was  issued."  Armed  with  full  extracts  from 
the  minutes  of  the  Synod,  Mr.  Campbell  returned  to  the  Pres- 
bytery, where  a  not  very  welcome  reception  awaited  him. 
After  some  debate  about  the  genuineness  of  the  papers  he  had 
presented,  he  resumed  the  possession  of  them,  and  entered  a 
formal  declinature  of  the  authority  both  of  the  Presbytery  of 
Chartiers  and  of  the  Associate  Synod.  Presbytery  at  once 
suspended  him,  and  after  due  citations,  which  he  disregarded, 
he  was,  on  the  17th  of  April,  1810,  formally  deposed  from  the 
office  of  the  Gospel  ministry  and  from  the  communion  of  the 
Associate  Church. 

Mr.  Campbell  in  Aug.,  1809,  appealed  to  the  pious  of  all 
parties  by  a  printed  "declaration  and  address,"  inviting  all 
to  join  him  upon  the  simple  platform  of  the  Bible.     A  con- 


THE   MINISTRY.  267 

siderable  number  responded  to  the  appeal,  and  a  "Christian 
Association"  was  organized  upon  Brush  Run,  in  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.,  on  the  7th  of  Sept.,  1810,  and  on  the  4th  of  the 
following  Oct.,  he  made  an  unsuccessful  application  to  the 
Presbyterian  Synod  for  ministerial  fellowship.  He  was  soon 
after  joined  by  his  distinguished  son,  the  Rev.  Alex.  Camp- 
bell, who  came  fresh  from  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
where  he  had  imbibed  the  views  of  the  Independents  from 
Greville  Ewing.  And  on  the  4tli  of  May  1811,  the  most  of 
those  belonging  to  the  Christian  Association^  30  in  all,  organ- 
ized into  a  church  with  no  creed  but  the  Bible,  and  elected 
Mr.  Campbell  as  their  elder,  and  licensed  his  son  Alexander 
as  a  preacher.  During  the  summer  a  difficulty  arose  over 
the  baptism  of  an  infant,  which,  after  much  discussion,  re- 
sulted in  the  conversion  of  the  Campbells,  father  and  son,  and 
a  large  portion  of  the  Brush  Run  congregation,  to  the  regular 
Baptist  views,  so  that  they  were  all  immersed  on  the  12th  of 
June,  1812,  by  Elder  Luse,  of  the  Baptist  Church,  and  in  1813 
they  joined  the  Redstone  Baptist  Association.  The  liberal 
views  of  the  Campbells  and  their  followers,  known  as  Disci- 
ples^ soon  began  to  stir  up  trouble  with  conservative  Baptists, 
so  that  from  some  congregations  they  were  excluded,  and 
from  others  they  withdrew  and  organized  separate  congrega- 
tions, which  confederated  under  the  name  of  the  "Disciples 
of  Christ. "  Thus,  instead  of  uniting  all  believers  into  one 
organization  upon  the  platform  of  the  Bible,  without  any 
human  creed,  another  sect  was  started,  with  a  very  definite 
creed,  both  written  and  unwritten,  and  the  Catnpbellite  Bap- 
tists are  now  numbered  by  the  hundred  thousand.  Mr. 
Campbell  continued  to  preach  in  this  connection  till  old  age, 
and  died,  Jan.  4,  1854,  in  the  ninety-first  year  of  his  age,  at 
the  residence  of  his  son,  in  Bethany,  West  Virginia. 

CAMPBELL,  William  Alexander: 

Was  born  Nov.  26,  1828,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Delaware  College,  Newark,  Del.,  in  1856,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  26,  i860,  by  Philadel- 
phia Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  3,  '61,  by  Xenia;  was  pastor 
of  Clifton,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  Sept.,  1861-July  31,  ^']']^  since 
which  he  has  been  the  general  agent  for  the  endowment  of 
Westminster  Collesfe. 


268  THE   MINISTRY. 

CAMPBELL,  William  Taggart,  D.  D.  : 

Was  bora  July  21,  1836,  in  Antrim,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was 
licensed  Feb.  22,  1871,  by  Le  Claire  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
14,  same  year,  by  Rock  Island;  pastor  of  Little  York,  111., 
June  1871-Dec.,  '74;  of  Second  Church,  Monmouth,  111., 
since  Feb.  25,  1875.  Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Board 
of  Education  since  1878. 
CANNING,  William  T.  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  by  the  Monongahela  Pres.,  June  29,  1852, 
from  the  Free  Church  of  Scotland,  of  the  Province  of  New 
Brunswick,  and  passed  in  the  following  winter  to  the  State  of 
Mich.,  where  he  was  pastor  of  Martyn,  April  i854-'7,  and  then 
was  certified  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  Canada. 

CARLILE,  William  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Sept.  4,  1815,  in  Shippensburg,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1841,  and  studied  theology  in  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1843,  ^Y  ^^^  ^^S  Spring  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same  Oct.  25,  '48;  was  pastor  of  Lower  Chance- 
ford  and  Hopewell,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1848-May  15,  '56, 
since  which  he  has  preached  as  his  health  would  allow,  mak- 
ing his  home  with  his  sisters  in  Shippensburg. 

CARNAHAN,  David  T.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  July  5,  1820,  in  St.  Clair,  near  Pittsburgh; 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1840,  and  studied 
theolog}^  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1842,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  24,  '45,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  Lafayette  and  Mt.  Pleasant,  in  Ind.,  i845-'47; 
of  the  Third  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  of  Philadelphia,  June  i, 
1848-Aug.  27,  '49;  supplied  Pottsville,  Pa.,  1849-51,  and 
was  pastor  Oct.  22,  1851-Sept.  28,  '52:  was  S.  S.  at  Cham- 
bersburg  and  Gettysburg  i852'-54;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch. ,  and  was  pastor  in  Baltimore,  Gettysburg,  and  Oil  City, 
Pa. ,  and  is  now  on  the  Pacific  coast. 

CARNAHAN,  George  Edward: 

Was  born,  Jan.  27,  1859,  ^^  Culmerv-ille,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1881,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1885,  by  Allegheny 


THE   MINISTRY.  269 

Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,   '86,   by  Concordia;  pastor  of 
Four  Mile,  Clay  Co.,  Kan.  since  ordination. 
CARSON,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  bom  Oct.  25,  1799,  in  Greencastle,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa., 
and  brought  up  under  the  ministry  of  John  Lind;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1819;  studied  theology  in  New  York 
under  Dr.  Mason  until  the  suspension  of  the  Seminary,  and 
finished  under  Dr.  Banks,  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  Oct. 
8,  1823,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  ordained 
Nov.  II,  '24,  by  Miami;  was  pastor  of  Big  Spring,  Pistol 
Creek  and  Monroe,  in  east  Tennessee,  Nov.,  1824-Ap.,  '34. 
He  was  elected  Professor  of  Hebrew  and  Church  History  in 
the  Asso.  Seminary  at  Canonsburg  in  Oct.,  1833,  and,  having 
accepted,  arrived  in  Canonsburg  the  following  June;  but  the 
fatigue  and  exposure  of  the  journey  brought  on  a  lung  trouble, 
from  which  he  died  Sept.  25,  1834,  before  entering  upon  the 
active  duties  of  his  professorship.  Publications:  A  Review 
of  the  Hopkinsiau  System,  and  occasional  articles  in  the 
periodical  press. 
CARSON,  David  Walker,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  Oct.  21,  1830,  at  Mary- 
ville,  Blount  Co.,  Tenn. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1847, 
and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Jan.  7, 
1 85 1,  by  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  ordained  Oct.  5,  '52,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Service,  Pa.,  1852-Sept.  5,  ''^']\  was 
installed  Oct.  10,  1878,  at  Burgettstown,  Pa. ;  was  Moderator 
of  the  General  Assembly  of  188 1. 
CARSON,  James  Gillespy,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  near  Maryville,  Blount 
Co.,  Tenn.,  Feb.  11,  1833;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1849,  ^^<^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June 
22,  1855,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  13,  '56,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  South  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Nov., 
1856-May,  '67;  of  Canonsburg,  Oct.,  1867-Oct.,  '69;  of 
Second  Church,  Xenia,  O.,  since  Dec,  1869.  Has  been  Pro- 
fessor of  Homiletics  and  Pastoral  Theology  in  the  Xenia 
Theological  Seminary  since  1873.  Publications:  An  Address 
on  the  Relation  of  Church  Members  to  Secret  Societies;  and 
articles  in  the  periodical  press  and  several  Doctrinal  Tracts. 


270  THE   MINISTRY. 

CARVER,  Thomas  G.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  England;  educated  and  ordained  under  the 
auspices  of  the  "Congregational  Union  of  England  and 
Wales;"  came  to  the  U.  S.  during  the  spring  of  1848,  and 
united  with  the  Pres.  of  New  York  on  the  15th  of  June;  com- 
menced as  S.  S.  in  July  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  but  in  Mar., 
1849,  h^  ^^^^  ^^^  church  irregularly  and  joined  the  Methodist, 
and  soon  afterward  the  Episcopal  Church.  Died  in  Harrison, 
N.  Y.,  in  1886. 

CASKEY,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1806  in  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.,  but  the  family 
moved  two  or  three  years  afterward  to  Cherry  Fork,  Adams 
Co.,  O.,  where  he  spent  his  youth;  he  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1831,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1835,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained May  25,  '36,  by  the  same;  was  installed  when  ordained 
as  pastor  of  West  Union  and  Russellville,  in  Adams  Co., 
O. ;  resigned  West  Union  in  1838,  and  assumed  Ripley,  in 
Brown  Co. ;  resigned  Russellville  in  1851,  and  died  in  Ripley 
Feb.  9,  1854,  from  prostration  following  an  inflammatory  at- 
tack. Publications:  Two  Sermons  in  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Church. 

CAW,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Scotland,  and  educated  and  ordained  in  the 
United  Secession  Ch. ;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1832,  and  joined 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  New  York,  and  was  installed  in  Feb. , 
'34,  as  pastor  at  Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.  After  eight 
or  ten  years  a  trouble  sprung  up,  and  the  Presbytery,  at  the 
request  of  the  congregation,  dissolved  the  relation  May  14, 
'45.  During  the  summer  he  was  certified  to  the  United 
Secession  Ch.  of  Canada. 

CHAMBERS,  John  P.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  and  probably  educated  there;  was 
licensed  Aug.  15,  1849,  by  the  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sme 
tihilo^  by  the  same  May  9,  '50;  was  pastor  of  Pine  Grove, 
Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  19,  1850-May  20,  '52;  of  Middletown, 
la.,  June,  1857-Dec. ,  '62;  in  1865  left  the  church,  and  is  in 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Iowa  without  charge. 


THE   MINISTRY.  27 1 

CHERRY,  W.  B. : 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1848,  at  New  Plymouth,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Muskingum  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1874,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Mar.  26,  '78,  by  Monongahela;  was  pastor  of  Nobles- 
town,  Pa.,  Mar.  26,  1878-June  26,  '83;  S.  S.  Marshalltown, 
la.,  1885- 
CHRISTY,  David  Dunbar: 

Was  born  Sept.  7,  1835,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Madison  and  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1854,  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of 
Ohio,  and  ordained  by  the  Presbytery  of  Saltsburg,  (Presby- 
terian Church,)  July  3,  i860;  was  pastor  of  Washington  and 
Centre  1860-63;  studied  medicine,  (homeopathy);  was  S.  S. 
at  Zelienople,  Butler  Co.,  1866-68;  pastor  of  Mountville, 
Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  1871-73;  settled  in  Osage  Co.,  Kan.,  and 
preaches  occasionally  and  practices  medicine. 
CHURCH,  Francis  (A.): 

Was  born  Nov.  3,  1806,  in  Newbury,  England;  was  edu- 
cated at  Wills'  Academy,  in  Newbury.  In  view  of  the  eman- 
cipation of  the  slaves  in  the  West  Indies  soon  to  take  place, 
he  went,  in  1834,  to  the  island  of  Barbadoes  and  engaged  in 
the  teaching  of  the  children  of  the  blacks.  In  the  island 
there  were  no  Presbyterian  ministers  or  churches,  so  he 
united  with  the  Wesleyans.  As  he  was  in  the  habit  of  hold- 
ing meetings  in  school  houses,  the  Wesleyans  insisted  upon 
his  entering  the  ministry;  so  after  studying  theology  with  the 
Rev.  William  Fiddler  for  a  couple  of  years  he  was  licensed  in 
1841  by  the  Wesleyan  Quarterly  Meeting.  In  Feb.,  1844, 
they  sent  him  as  missionary  to  the  island  of  Trinidad.  Here 
he  fell  in  with  the  Scotch  Presbyterians,  and  in  Feb.,  1848, 
resigned  his  Wesleyan  charge,  and  on  the  29th  of  Mar. ,  was 
received  by  the  Presbytery  of  the  Free  Church  of  Scotland, 
and  on  the  7th  of  Dec.  was  ordained  by  it,  and  was  pastor  of 
San  Fernando  until  May  12,  1855,  when  his  wife's  health  re- 
quired a  northern  climate.  He  came  to  Philadelphia  and 
joined  the  Asso.  Church,  having  had  the  Associate  Mission  in 
Savannah  Grande  for  two  or  three  years  under  his  care  or 
supervision  before  leaving  Trinidad.     Has  been  pastor  of  the 


272  THE   MINISTRY. 

First  Associate  congregation  in  Philadelphia  since  Jan.  lo, 

1856. 

CHRYSTIE,  James,  D.  D.,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  and  brought  up  under  the  min- 
istry of  Dr.  Mason  and  educated  at  Columbia  College.  At  an 
early  age  he  married  the  daughter  of  a  prominent  member  of 
the  Collegiate  Dutch  Ch.,  and  united  with  that  church  and 
went  into  business  some  time  before  he  became  a  student  of 
theology.  He  studied  theology  in  New  York  under  Dr. 
Mason  1812-15;  was  licensed  in  1815  by  the  Dutch  Classis  of 
New  York,  and  ordained  in  '16  by  the  Classis  of  Washing- 
ton; was  pastor  of  the  Dutch  Ch.,  of  Greenwich,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  i8i6-'i8;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church  and  was 
pastor  at  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  i8i8-'2i.  While  pastor 
at  Newburgh  he  wrote  and  published  his  ' '  Strictures  upon 
Dr.  Mason's  Plea  for  Holy  Communion  on  Catholic  Princi- 
ples." In  Oct.,  1821,  he  joined  the  Reformed  Presbyterian 
Church,  (Covenanter,)  and  for  many  years  held  a  prominent 
position  in  that  church  as  pastor  and  professor  of  theology, 
and  was  then  deposed  from  the  ministry  in  1858  for  immor- 
ality; died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  17,  1863. 

CIvAPPERTON,  James  B.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1836,  in  Hamden,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1868,  by  Delaware 
Pres,,  and  ordained  June  22,  '69,  by  Argyle;  was  pastor  of 
E.  Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June,  1869-Feb.,  '76; 
and  of  Ryegate,  Ver.,  June  10,  1876-July  3,  '81;  W.  25th  St. 
New  York,  Sept.  5,  1882.- 

CLARK,  Alexander  Downs,  D.  D.,  (A.  R.):* 

Was  born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  23,  1813,  and  was 
early  taken  by  his  parents  to  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  entered 
Franklin  College  in  1831,  and  was  graduated  in  1839;  during 
the  greater  part  of  this  time  he  acted  as  tutor  in  languages; 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  April  30,  1844, 
by  the  Second  Pres.,  of  O.,  and  ordained  Aug.,  12,  '46,  by  the 
same.  He  became  President  of  Franklin  College  and  S.  S. , 
at  New  Athens  in  the  spring  of  1845,  and  was  elected  Pro- 


THE   MINISTRY.  273 

fessor  of  Biblical  Iviterature  and  Criticism  in  the  Theological 
Seminary,  in  Allegheny  in  '47;  spent  his  winters  in  the  Semi- 
nary and  summers  in  the  College  until  '61,  when  he  dissolved 
his  connection  with  the  College  and  became  pastor  of  the 
Sixth  Ch.,  Allegheny.  Continued  as  pastor  and  professor 
until  his  death,  Ap.  12,  1884. 
CLARK,  George  M.  : 

Was  born  in  Scotand,  and  educated  in  Pictou,  Nova  Scotia; 
was  pastor  in  Shelbourne,  Nova  Scotia,  for  some  time,  and 
then  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1868;  was  pastor  in  East  Boston, 
Mass.,  Oct.,  1869-July,  '70,  and  afterward  passed  to  Canada. 

CLARK,  James  Armstrong: 

Was  born  Dec.  4,  1831,  in  Roberton  Parish,  Roxburgh- 
shire, Scotland;  was  educated  at  the  Free  Church  Normal 
College  in  Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1857,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap,  12,  '59,  by  Butler;  was  installed  at  ordination 
pastor  of  Prospect  and  Mt.  Chestnut,  Butler  Co. ;  released 
from  the  latter  Feb.  2,  1876,  and  in  its  stead  installed  at  Por- 
tersville.  May  5,  1876. 
CLARK,  James  Henderson: 

Was  born  Sept.  14,  1855,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Muskingum  in  1883,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1886,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  13,  '87,  by  Rock  Island;  pastor  of  Little  York, 
111.,  since  ordination. 
CLARK,  John  Baird  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  18,  1823,  i^  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1847,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  May  28,  1851,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio, 
and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '54,  and  installed  by  Iowa  pastor  of  Le 
Claire  and  connections,  where  he  was  killed  by  lightning 
July  28,  1855. 
CLARK,  John  Barr,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  9,  1827,  ^^^^  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  Oct.  i,  1851,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  12,  '53,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of  Chartiers  congrega- 


274  THE   MINISTRY. 

tion  May,  1853-Sept.,  '60;  of  the  Second  Ch.,  Allegheny, 
Nov.  I,  i860,  until  his  death.  He  was  colonel  of  a  regiment 
of  volunteers  during  fourteen  months  of  the  civil  war;  was 
Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1865,  and  Correspond- 
ing Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Missions  to  the  Freedmen  1863 
-'70.     Died  Jan.  13,  1872,  from  disease  of  heart  and  kidneys. 

CLARK,  John  X.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1782  at  Greencastle,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1805,  and  studied  theology  four 
years  in  New  York,  in  the  first  class  which  took  the  whole 
course;  was  licensed  Sept.  12,  1809,  by  Big  Spring,  and  was 
ordained  in  '10  by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Asso. 
Ref.  or  Pearl  Street  congregation,  in  New  York  city,  1810- 
Sept.  30,  1817.  He  was  deposed  Ap.  13,  1820,  for  drunken- 
ness, and  restored  in  Ap.,  1822,  by  the  unanimous  vote  of 
Pres.,  and  died  Sept.  13,  1824,  in  Greencastle,  Pa. 
CLARK,  Joseph  Leal  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  20,  1827,  in  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  13,  1857,  by  Saratoga  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  22,  '58,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Broad- 
albin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July,  1858-June  10,  '72;  was  S.  S. 
for  two  years  at  Indianapolis,  Ind;  pastor  of  Kerr  Ridge  and 
Plumer,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  10,  1876-June  4,  '83;  Adams- 
ville,  same  county,  July  2,  1883- 

CLARK,  Samuel  Findley: 

Brother  of  John  B.,  of  Le  Claire;  was  born  in  Guernsey  Co., 
O.,  Ap.  6,  1837;  was  graduated  at  Madison  in  1861,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1862,  by 
Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  13,  '65,  by  Chicago; 
was  pastor  of  Wheatland,  111.,  Ap.,  1865-Oct.  11,  '70;  First 
Ch.,  Princeton,  Ind.,  Nov.  17,  1870-Ap.  16,  '74;  and  Nassau 
and  White  Oak,  la.,  since  Oct.  4,  1878,  resigning  the  latter 
June  13,  '82. 

CLARK,  Samuel  Watt  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  May  27,  1816,  in  Jefierson  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Bethany  College,  W.  Va.,  1843,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was   licensed  Ap.   15,   1846,  by  Steubenville 


THE   MINISTRY.  275 

Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  3,  '47,  by  Monongahela;  was  pastor 
of  St.  Clair,  near  Calcutta,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  Aug.,  1847- 
Dec.  14,  '58;  served  in  the  Ohio  Legislature  and  Constitu- 
tional Convention;  resided  at  Richmond,  O.,  without  charge, 
where  he  died  Mar.  24,  1881,  from  paralysis. 
CLARK,  Thomas,  M.  D.  (A)*: 

Was  born  in  1722  or  '3  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Glas- 
gow University,  where  he  also  took  the  degree  of  Doctor  of 
Medicine,  and  commenced  the  study  of  theology  in  the  Asso- 
ciate Hall,  and  finished  after  the  schism  of  1747  in  the  Burgher 
Hall  under  Ebenezer  Erskine,  and  was  licensed  Ap.,  1748,  by 
the  Presbytery  of  Glasgow.  He  was  immediately  sent  to 
Ballybay,  in  Ireland,  in  answer  to  a  petition  from  a  portion  of 
Mr.  Jackson's  congregation  (Synod  of  Ulster),  who  had  seceded 
because  of  the  Socinianism  of  their  pastor.  Here  he  was 
ordained  and  installed  July  23,  1751,  by  the  Associate  Burgher 
Presbytery  of  Glasgow.  He  labored  here  with  great  success, 
but  amid  many  trials  and  persecutions.  He  refused  to  swear 
by  "kissing  the  book,"  believing  it  unscriptural ;  and  al- 
though he  entered  the  army  while  a  theological  student,  and 
fought  against  the  Pretender,  yet  he  would  not  take  the  Oath 
of  Abjuration,  because  it  recognized  the  king  as  the  head  of 
the  Church.  Taking  the  advantage  of  these  things,  his  So- 
cinianized  Presbyterian  enemies  had  him  arrested  by  the  civil 
authorities  Jan.  23,  1754,  while  in  the  very  act  of  moderating 
in  a  call  in  the  congregation  of  New  Bliss.  All  that  night 
he  was  kept  under  guard  in  a  tavern,  and  the  next  day  was 
taken  and  imprisoned  in  the  jail  of  Monaghan.  From  this 
place  of  confinement  he  wrote  frequent  letters  of  comfort  and 
instruction  to  his  people,  and  they  freely  visited  him.  He 
preached  to  as  many  of  them  as  could  convene  every  Sabbath, 
and  during  his  incarceration  baptized  thirteen  infants,  and 
married  one  couple,  who  were  afterward  under  his  pastoral 
care  in  South  Carolina.  When  the  day  of  trial  came  his  com- 
mitment was  found  to  be  erroneous  and  the  whole  thing  a 
fraud,  and  he  was  immediately  discharged.  He  was  urged  to 
prosecute  his  persecutors,  with  every  assurance  of  success,  but 
he  refused,  saying :  ' '  Vengeance  is  mine ;  I  will  repay,  saith 
the  Lord." 


276  THE   MINISTRY. 

In  1763  he  received  two  invitations  to  visit  two  settlements 
in  America,  one  in  Rhode  Island  and  the  other  near  Albany, 
N.  Y.  Wearied  with  his  contendings,  he  regarded  these  calls 
favorably,  and  his  Presbytery  gave  him  leave  of  absence  for  a 
year;  but  when  he  came  to  sail  from  Newry,  on  the  i6th  of 
May,  1764,  it  was  found  that  the  mass  of  his  congregation,  to 
the  extent  of  three  hundred  souls,  were  ready  to  sail  with  him. 
After  arriving  in  New  York  a  portion  of  his  parishioners  went 
to  Abbeville,  South  Carolina,  where  some  friends  had  gone 
before,  while  the  great  majority  settled  with  him  in  Salem, 
N.  Y.  His  pastoral  relation  had  never  been  disturbed;  his 
church  had  simply  been  transplanted,  and  he  continued  on  in 
Salem  as  the  pastor  of  the  eight  ruling  elders  and  one  hun- 
dred and  j&fty  communicants  and  children  that  had  come  with 
him  from  Ballybay. 

In  the  spring  of  1782  he  resigned  his  charge;  made  a  year's 
visit  to  his  old  parishioners  in  Abbeville,  S.  C.  He  then  re- 
turned north,  identified  himself  with  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church,  presided  as  its  Moderator  in  1783,  and  missionated 
for  two  years.  After  this  he  returned  to  Abbeville  county  in 
1785,  and  was  soon  afterward  installed  pastor  of  Cedar  Spring 
and  Long  Cane,  where  he  died  of  apoplexy  on  the  25th  of 
Dec,  1792. 

He  was  a  man  of  blunt  manners  and  of  great  eccentricities 
of  character,  but  he  was  wholly  devoted  to  the  cause  of  Christ 
and  in  active  labors  exceedingly  abundant.  Wherever  he 
went  and  in  whatever  he  was  engaged,  he  preached  Christ,  and 
the  Lord  greatly  blessed  his  labors.  He  had  a  marvelous 
ability  in  adapting  himself  to  circumstances  and  in  turning 
them  to  good.  While  once  preaching,  two  dogs  met  in  front 
of  the  pulpit  and  began  a  fight.  After  they  were  ejected  and 
quiet  restored,  instead  of  going  on  with  his  sermon,  he  asked 
his  people  if  they  knew  what  those  dogs  had  been  doing.  He 
said  they  had  been  preaching,  and  that  the  subject  of  their 
discourse  was  original  sin  and  the  consequences  of  the  fall, 
and  then  added  some  illustrations  and  applications  which  they 
never  forgot.  On  one  occasion,  while  traveling  in  Vermont, 
he  fell  into  company  with  a  stranger  with  whom  he  rode  a 
good  part  of  the  day.     Coming  at  last  to  a  place  where  their 


THE   MINISTRY.  277 

roads  parted,  they  bade  each  other  farewell,  and  rode  each 
on  his  own  way  for  a  short  distance.  The  Doctor  then  stopped 
and  called  to  his  fellow-traveler  to  come  back,  that  they  had 
forgotten  something.  When  met  again  at  the  forks  of  the 
road  the  Doctor  said:  "Sir,  we  have  been  traveling  together 
some  hours,  enjoying  each  other's  company,  and  may  never 
meet  again.  I  think  it  would  be  well,  before  parting,  to  have 
a  word  of  prayer. ' '  They  dismounted,  and,  kneeling  by  the 
roadside,  the  Doctor  made  an  appropriate  and  fervent  prayer. 
He  then  proposed  to  the  other  that  he  should  pray.  He  de- 
clined to  do  so,  and  being  much  importuned  at  last  acknowl- 
edged that  he  had  never  prayed  in  his  life.  The  Doctor  would 
take  no  denial.  He  told  him  that  if  he  had  never  prayed 
hitherto  it  was  certainly  high  time  to  begin.  The  man,  find- 
ing that  there  was  no  escape,  kneeled  down  and  said,  ' '  lyord, 
thou  knowest  that  I  can't  pray  at  aU."  "That,"  said  the 
Doctor,  "is  an  excellent  beginning;  only  persevere,  and  you 
will  do  well. ' '  This  was  the  means  of  the  conversion  of  that 
man,  who  became  an  active  and  useful  Christian.  Sabbath 
morning  once  found  him  in  the  tavern  of  a  Virginia  hamlet, 
where  there  was  no  place  for  religious  worship;  multitudes 
were  crowding  in  from  the  surrounding  neighborhood,  and  he 
soon  learned  that  a  horse-race  was  the  order  of  the  day.  He 
mingled  with  the  throng,  and  just  before  the  event  was  to 
come  off  he  raised  himself  into  an  elevated  position,  and,  with 
a  loud  voice,  called  out:  "There  is  danger,  my  friends,  there 
is  danger  here;  let  us  ask  God  to  take  care  of  us  and  bless 
us;"  and  immediately  commenced  a  prayer,  which  produced 
a  very  general  and  powerful  impression.  Seeing  his  advan- 
tage he  followed  this  with  a  sermon,  and  when  that  was  over 
the  crowd  concluded  that  it  was  too  late  for  the  race,  and  dis- 
persed. Publications:  Some  Letters  (4)  from  the  Rev.  Thos. 
Clark,  minister  of  the  Gospel,  to  his  congregation  at  the  new 
meeting  house  in  Ballybay,  while  prisoner  in  Monaghan  jail, 
pp.  52,  1754;  Plain  Reasons,  a  pamphlet  in  defence  of  the 
use  of  the  Psalms  in  praise;  a  Pastoral  and  Farewell  Letter  to 
the  Associate  Congregation  in  Ballybay  by  their  Former  Pas- 
tor, pp.  72,  printed  in  Salem  in  1811.  This  letter  was  un- 
finished; he  was  in  the  very  act  of  writing  it  when  he  died. 


278  THE   MINISTRY. 

He  had  just  finished  writing,    "What  I  do  thou  knowest  not 
now;  but  thou  shalt  know  hereafter."     Here  his  pen  dropped 
from  his  fingers  forever,  for  he  was  dead. 
CLARKE,  Matthew  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  10,  1823,  i^  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Mar.  26,  1851,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Aug.  16,  '53,  by  Blairsville;  was  pastor  of  Blairsville,  Pa., 
Aug.,  1853-May  I,  '55;  Bloomington,  111.,  Oct.  30,  1856- 
May  31,  '63;  of  Laporte,  Ind.,  Oct.  6,  1865-Sept.  30,  '68; 
had  charge  of  Chase  City,  Stanton  River  and  Norfolk,  Va., 
1878-86,  under  the  Freedmen's  Board.  He  was  for  some 
time  Professor  of  Mathematics  in  Kenyon  College,  at  Gam- 
bier,  O.,  and  principal  of  the  High  School,  Hyde  Park,  near 
Chicago,  111. 

CLARKSON,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Scotland  in  1738,  and  was  graduated  at  one  of 
the  universities;  studied  theology  at  the  Anti-burgher  Hall; 
was  ordained  July  14,  1772,  by  the  Associate  (Anti-burgher) 
Pres.  of  Glasgow,  and  came  immediately  to  this  country  in 
obedience  to  Synodic  appointment.  He  connected  himself  at 
once  with  the  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  pastor  of 
Muddy  Creek,  now  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  25,  1773- 
Mar.,  1808,  although  he  was  unable  for  the  last  three  years 
to  do  anything  except  act  as  Moderator  of  the  Session.  The 
congregation  continued  to  minister  to  his  support  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  Oct.  30,  1811.  He  declined  going  into 
the  union  of  1782,  and,  in  connection  with  Mr.  Marshall, 
continued  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania. 

CLARKSON,  Thomas  Beveridge  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  in  1794  at  Guinston,  York 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated  atjefierson,  and  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  John  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1820,  by 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  13,  '22,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  Mercersburg,  Franklin  Co.,  and  McConnells- 
burg,  Fulton  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  8,  1823-Dec.,  '27.  He  remained 
near  Mercersburg  in  feeble  health  until  the  spring  of  1836, 
when  he  died  from  consumption. 


THE   MINISTRY.  279 

CLAYBAUGH,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  i,  1803,  in  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  and  while 
yet  a  child  the  family  moved  first  to  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa., 
and  then  to  Ohio.  He  received  his  preparatory  education  in 
the  Chillicothe  Academy;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1822, 
and  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  John  Steele,  of  Xenia; 
was  licensed  May  26,  1824,  by  the  Presbytery  of  Ohio,  and 
ordained  May  18,  '25,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Chillicothe, 
O.,  May,  '25-39;  of  Oxford,  O.,  1840-Sept.,  '55.  He  was 
principal  of  the  Chillicothe  Academy  i825-'7,  ^^^  professor 
of  theology  in  the  Asso.  Ref.  Seminary,  Oxford,  O.,  from 
1839  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Sept.  9,  1855,  from  scrof- 
ula. His  last  words  were,  "I  see  the  King  in  His  glory." 
Publications:  The  Christian  Professon,  ai6mo.  volume;  Five 
Sermons  in  the  Pulpit  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 
Dr.  Claybaugh  was  a  good  scholar,  an  accomplished  professor, 
an  eloquent  preacher,  a  Christian  gentleman,  and  a  man  of 
high-toned  piety.  His  health  was  always  feeble,  so  that  he 
often  rose  from  his  bed  to  go  and  preach,  and  the  marvel  ever 
was  how  he  accomplished  so  much  in  the  midst  of  his  physi- 
cal weakness. 

CLAYBAUGH,  William  M.  : 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph ;  was  born  in  Chillicothe,  O. ; 
was  educated  at  Miami  University,  and  studied  theology  at 
Oxford  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Jan.  4,  i860,  by  the  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  Ap.  11,  '61,  by  Le  Claire;  was 
pastor  of  Iowa  City,  la.,  i86i-'2;  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  Ap.  30, 
1863-5;  I'hird  Ch.,  Boston,  Mass.,  Ap.  18,  1865-';;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  of  Buck  Creek,  near  Ur- 
bana,  O. 
CLELAND,  David  M.  : 

Son  of  Rev.  William  J. ;  was  born  July  2,  1858,  in  West 
Delhi,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in 
1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8, 
1885,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  Monongahela  Ap.  27, 
'86;  pastor  of  Mt.  Washington,  near  Pittsburgh,  since  Dec.  28, 
1886. 
CLEIvAND,  Ebenezer  Erskine: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  William  J. ;  was  born  Aug.  13,  1853,  ^^ 


28o  THE   MINISTRY. 

Delhi,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth 
in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  May  23,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  12, 
'78,  by  Sidney;  pastor  of  Sugar  Run  and  Unionville,  Union 
Co.,  O.,  since  ordination. 
CLELAND,  John  Wilson: 

Son  of  Rev.  William  J.,  was  born  June  7,  1855,  at  West 
Delhi,  Delaware  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in 
1879,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  11, 
1882,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  15,  '83,  by  College 
Springs;  pastor  of  Clearfield  and  Platte  Valley,  Taylor  Co. ,  la. , 
Oct.  15,  1883-Mar.  30, '87;  of  Wilton,  111.,  since  Sep.  '87. 
CLBIvAND,  William  Johnson  (A.)* : 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1814,  in  Portersville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
educated  privately,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  July  7,  1841,  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  May 
18,  '43,  by  Albany;  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Asso.  congrega- 
tion of  New  York  May,  1843-Ap.  '46;  of  West  Delhi,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  June,  1847-June,  '63;  missionary  to  Owa- 
tonna,  Freeborn  and  Wilton,  Minn.,  i863-'4,  and  of  Wilton 
until  his  death,  which  occured  Aug.  31,  1876. 
CLEMENTS,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  educated  at  Belfast,  and  licensed  by 
the  Pres.  of  Dungannon.  He  was  received  Jan.  20,  1848,  by 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York  (Stark's);  was  called  to  the  new 
organization,  the  Fourth  Ch.,  New  York,  and  was  ordained 
and  installed  May  25,  '48.  In  1853  ^^  ^^^  ^^^  congregation, 
now  known  as  the  Twenty-eighth  Street,  united  with  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York.  He  declined  the  union  of 
1858,  and  subsequently  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died 
soon  afterward  in  New  York  city. 
CLOKEY,  Alexander  Wilson: 

Son  of  Dr.  Joseph;  was  bom  in  1842,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Wittenberg  College,  O.,  in  1864;  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  1867  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Jan.  23,  '68,  by  Indiana;  S.  S.  at  Indianapolis  1867-8; 
pastor  of  Aledo,  111.,  1869-July,  '72;  Hamilton,  O.,  June  16, 
1874-June  20,  '76;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  located 
in  Germantown,  Pa. 


THE   MINISTRY.  28l 

CLOKEY,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  December  25,  1801,  in  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1822,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  July  4,  1826,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Sep.  18,  '27,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  from  time  of 
ordination  of  Belmont,  McMahan's  Creek  and  Mt.  Pleasant, 
Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  resigned  the  former  two  in  1836  and  asso- 
ciated Piney  Fork  with  the  last;  resigned  these  in  1847.  I^ 
1840  he  passed  from  the  Asso.  to  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch. ;  was  pas- 
tor of  St.  Clair,  Alleghen>  Co.,  Pa.,  1848-55;  of  Springfield, 
O.,  Mar.  1855-75;  was  Prof  of  Pastoral  Theology  and  Sacred 
Rhetoric  in  theTheo.  Sem.  at  Xenia  i859-'74,  and  Moderator 
of  the  General  Assembly  of  i860.  Died  suddenly  Dec.  8,  1884, 
from  congestion  of  kidneys. 

CLOKEY,  Joseph  W.  : 

Son  of  Dr.  Joseph;  was  born  Feb.  22,  1839,  in  Jefferson  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Wittenberg  College,  Springfield,  O. ,  and 
afterwards  at  Jefferson  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1863,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  6,  '64,  by  Steuben ville;  was  pastor  of  Steubenville,  O., 
Sept.  1864-Dec.  28,  '68;  of  Richmond,  Ind.,  Ap.  28,  1870- 
June  25,  '72;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  Ap.  10,  1873,  and 
is  pastor  of  First  Ch. ,  New  Albany,  Ind. 

COCHRAN,  David  Calhoun  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  i,  1814,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  30,  1845,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  titulo^  July  17,  '49,  by  Mansfield;  was  pastor  at  Ellis- 
ville,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  July,  185 1-' 6;  of  Twin  Grove,  111., 
i857-'62;  S.  S.  of  Center,  Kan.,  i866-'8;  without  charge 
at  Summit,  Leavenworth  Co.,  Kan.,  where  he  died  Oct.,  30, 
1883. 

COCKINS,  James  M.  : 

Brother  of  Vincent;  was  born  Oct.,  24,  1843,  at  Hickory, 
Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1865, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  10,  1867,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  was  ordained  Oct.  6,  '68, 
by  Monongahela;  was  pastor  of  the  Fourth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh, 
18 


282  THE   MINISTRY. 

Oct.,   i868-May  3,   '71;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is 

at  Ripley,  O. 

COCKINS,  Vincent  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1827;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Mar.,  27,  1849,  ^Y  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
by  the  same  Dec.  31,  '50;  was  pastor  of  the  Fourth  Ch.,  Pitts- 
burgh, from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Dec.  16,  1851. 
Publications:  The  Christian,  a  Living  Sacrifice;  A  Sermon 
in  the  Pulpit,  Vol.  Ill,  of  the  Asso.  Ref  Church. 
COLEMAN,  Archibald  B.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  15,  1830,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and 
ordained  July  8,  '62,  by  the  same;  has  been  pastor  of  Lebanon, 
Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn.,  since  July  10,  1868. 
COLEMAN,  William  M.  : 

Was  born  in  Ireland  and  reared  in  Pittsburgh;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  June,  1857,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  (Associate,)  and 
ordained  Ap.  12,  '59,  by  Monongahela;  was  pastor  of  Ninth 
Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  (Birmingham,)  Ap.,  1859-June  29,  '75,  and 
of  W.  Alexander,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Dec.  4,  1877. 

COLLINS,  David  Wallace,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  Mar.  31,  1823,  ^^  Xenia, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1845,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  20,  1848,  by  Miami  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.,  11  '49,  by  Northern  Indiana;  was  pastor 
of  Dalton,  O.,  Jan.  25,  1850-Ap.  20,  '52;  Mansfield  and 
Ontario  June  23,  1854-Ap.  4,  '64;  of  Blairsville,  Pa.,  Dec. 
9,  1865-Ap.  ,11  '82.  Is  editor  of  the  Christian  Instnictor, 
Publication:  Musical  Instruments  in  Divine  worship  con- 
demned by  the  Word  of  God,  pp.  100,  1881. 

COLLINS,  Isaac  Wright*: 

Was  born  Aug.  25,  1833,  at  North  Shenango,  Crawford 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  ^^^  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  8,  1861,  by  Lake 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  2,  1863,  by  Chicago;  was  pastor  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  283 

Neshannock  and  W.  Salem,  in  La  Crosse  Co.,  Wis.,  1862-5; 
died  May  20,  1865,  of  consumption. 
COLLINS,  Joseph  Alexander  (A.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  Ap.  9,  1829,  ^^^^  Xenia, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  18,  1856,  by 
Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  10,  '58,  by  Shenango;  was 
pastor  of  Shenango,  Pa.,  Aug.;  1858-Sept.  15,  '63;  associate 
editor  of  The  Prcsbyteria^i  Witness^  Cincinnati,  i865-'8;  pas- 
tor of  Emporia  and  Americus,  Kansas,  June  15,  i87o-'3;  and 
of  Americus,  until  Aug.  21,  '84;  now  co-editor  of  the  Chris- 
tian Instructor. 

COLLINS,  Samuel,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Sept.  23,  1821,  at  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  July  i,  1846,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  sine 
titulo^  Sept.  10,  '47,  by  the  same.  He  spent  the  first  four- 
teen years  of  his  ministry  in  the  Home  Mission  work,  resid- 
ing at  Yorkville,  Wis.  During  this  time  he  declined  mission- 
ary appointments  by  his  Synod  to  the  Island  of  Trinidad  in 
1848,  to  Oregon  in  1850,  to  California  in  1851,  and  to  India 
in  1853;  was  released  from  his  Home  Mission  work  in  Feb. 
i860;  was  pastor  of  Madison,  Ind.,  Feb.  i86o-Ap.,  '67;  one 
year  in  the  Freedmen's  Mission  at  Nashville,  Tenn. ;  Assis- 
tant Superintendent  and  Superintendent  of  the  Board  of  Pub- 
lication Ap.  I,  1868-July  18,  '79;  was  S.  S.  of  Ohio  congre- 
gation, 1874-Ap.  '80,  dividing  with  Cross  Creek  from  Sept. 
1877,  and  pastor  of  East  Palestine,  O.,  Ap.,  1880-Dec.  13,  '81. 

COLVIN,  Jesse  Snyder: 

Was  born  June  17,  1855,  at  New  Haven,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  5,  1882,  by  Chicago  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  27, 
'83,  by  Kansas;  pastor  at  North  Cedar,  Kan.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 
COMIN,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  13,  1815,  near  Antrim,  Ireland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Muskingum  in  1847,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  in  May,  1849,  ^Y  Second  Ohio,  and  or- 


284  THE   MINISTRY. 

dained  May  28,  '51,  by  the  same;  installed  at  ordination  pastor 
of  Salt  Creek  and  East  Union,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  demitted 
the  latter  in  i860,  delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of 
1880.     Died  June  18,  1887. 

CONNELLY,  Henry  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1798,  near  Newville,  Pa.,  but  reared 
from  early  boyhood  near  Stewartville,  in  Westmoreland  Co. ; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1824,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Princeton;  was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1829,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  21,  '32,  by  New 
York;  was  pastor  of  Bloomingburg,  Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1832-Aug.  24,  '48.  During  most  of  the  time  he  was  Princi- 
pal of  the  Bloomingburg  Academy,  and  during  the  subsequent 
part  of  his  life  was  agent  of  the  American  Colonization  Soci- 
ety. Died  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  8,  1868.  He  pub- 
lished an  amended  edition  of  the  Psalms  in  Metre. 

CONNER,  Abijah*: 

Son  of  William;  was  born  in  1830,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  partly  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1859,  ^y  Monmouth  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  16,  '60,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  Short  Creek, 
Tent  and  Middle  Wheeling,  West  Va.,  Oct.,  i86o-Ap.  14, 
'63;  missionary  to  the  Freedmen,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  i863-'4; 
pastor  of  the  Second  congregation  of  Washington,  la..  Mar., 
1865-9;  ^^^^  ^^^-  7»  ^^7°- 
CONNER,  WiLUAM  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  May  17,  1799,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  Alex. 
McCahan;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1836,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  12,  ^T,y,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Unity, 
Allegheny  Co. ,  from  Ap.  1837,  and  of  Beulah,  Westmoreland, 
Co.,  from  1844;  resigned  Unity  and  took  Bethel,  in  Westmore- 
land, Ap.  23,  '49;  resigned  Bethel  Ap.  25,  1852,  and  Beulah  in 
1857;  of  Blairsville  and  Conemaugh  Ap.,  1859,  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  Sept.  28,  1863,  from  neuralgia  of  the  stomach. 
Publication :  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  IV.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Church. 


THE   MINISTRY.  285 

COOKE,  William: 

Was  born  in  county  Derry,  Ireland;  was  partly  educated  at 
Belfast,  Ireland,  and  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1856,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1857,  by 
Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  10,  '59,  by  Monmouth; 
was  pastor  of  Homestead,  111.,  Nov.,  1859-Ap.  '70;  of  Scotch 
Hill,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  July,  i8;3-Ap.  i,  '80. 

COON,  Reune  Runyon  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  11,  1815,  in  Somerset  Co.,  New  Jersey;  aca- 
demic classical  education,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford ;  was 
licensed  in  Oct.,  1840,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained 
in  May,  '42,  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  of  Providence,  Frankfort 
and  Mt.  Hope,  Clinton  Co.,  Ind.,  May  1842-May,  '48;  of 
Harmony,  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  May,  1848-Oct.,  '54;  returned  to 
the  Regular  Baptist  Ch.,  in  which  he  had  his  early  training, 
and  is  pastor  at  Sublette,  Lee  Co.,  Ill,  Publications:  Future 
and  Endless  Punishment,  i2mo.,  pp.  368,  1850,  Cincinnati; 
A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  IV.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

COON,  Samuel  McClarty  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  3,  1816,  in  Plum  township,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1838,  and  studied  theology 
at  the  Presbyterian  Sem.  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Oct.  18, 
1844,  by  the  Ohio  Pres.,  (Presbyterian,)  and  ordained  Ap.  i, 
'45,  by  the  same;  was  missionary  under  the  Free  Ch.,  Canada, 
i847-'8;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Bethel 
and  Brush  Valley,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.,  1850-Ap.,  '55;  of 
Lisbon  and  Vernon,  Wis.,  Oct.,  1855-Ap.,  '62;  missionary  to 
the  Freedmen  in  Mississippi  1864-5;  S.  S.  in  Savannah,  O. , 
i866-'7i,  and  pastor  of  Salineville  and  Mechanicstown,  O., 
Dec,  1871-Ap.,  '82.  Died  Oct.  i,  1886.  Publication:  Tract 
U.  P.  Board  No.  3,  of  Publication,  pp.  12. 

COOPER,  Ebenezer  Calvin: 

Was  born  Oct.  23,  1842,  in  Perry  Co.,  111.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  June  20,  1867,  by  Kans.  Pres.,  and  obtained 
license,  sine  titulo^  Mar.  18,  '69,  by  the  same;  labored  as  mis- 
sionary and  S.  S.  in  the  Neosho  Pres.  Kan.  for  ten  years; 
pastor  of  Lincoln  and  Pretty  Prairie,   Kingman  Co.,   Kan., 


286  THE   MINISTRY. 

Aug.  5,  1879-Ap.  9,  '85;  Anthony,  Kan.,  since  June  17,  '85. 

COOPER,  James  H.  : 

Was  born  May  3,  1835,  near  Glenwood,  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1861,  and  studied  theology  one 
year  privately,  one  year  at  Xenia,  and  two  years  in  the  Re- 
formed Presbytery  Sem.  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6, 
1864,  by  the  Ohio  Ref.  Pres.  Presbyter^',  and  ordained  Sept. 
12,  '66,  by  the  Chicago  Presbytery  (R.  P.);  was  pastor  of 
Mount  Vernon,  la.,  Sept.,  1866-Nov.,  '67;  Morning  Sun,  O., 
Nov.,  1867-Oct.,  '74.  In  the  autumn  of  1870  he  and  the 
larger  part  of  his  congregation  joined  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church;  S.  S.  at  Topeka,  Kan.,  for  one  year.  Joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  Mount  Vernon,  la. 

COOPER,  Joseph  Tate,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  26,  1813,  in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1834,  with  the  honors  of  his  class,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  4,  1838, 
by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,  25,  '39,  by  the 
same;  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Asso.  congregation  in  Phila- 
delphia, Sept.,  1839-Aug.,  15,  '71;  was  special  missionary  to 
California  for  one  year  of  this  period,  and  organized  the 
United  Presbyterian  congregation  in  San  Francisco;  was  edi- 
tor of  the  Evangelical  Repository  for  twenty-eight  years  and 
co-editor  of  the  Christian  Instructor  for  three  years ;  was  Mod- 
erator of  the  General  Assembly  of  1862,  and  Stated  Clerk  of 
the  Gen.  Ass.,  i863-'75,  and  professor  of  didactic  and  polemic 
theology  in  the  Seminary  at  Allegheny  i87i-'86.  He  was  a 
delegate  to  the  First  Pan-Presbyterian  Council  in  Edinburgh 
in  1877.  Publications:  Lectures  on  Odd  Fellowship,  i8mo. ; 
The  Spiritual  Arithmetic,  i8mo.,  pp.  247,  1858;  Inquire 
Vindicated  (part  of  the  Webster  controversy,)  pamphlet,  pp. 
45,  1843;  Ministerial  Consecration,  a  Sermon,  1861;  The 
Friends  of  an  Inspired  Psalmody  Defended,  pamphlet,  pp.  28, 
1850;  Answers  to  Questions  Without  Answers,  a  pamphlet; 
Sketch  of  William  Bruce,  D.  D. ,  pp.  100,  1881,  and  a  great 
number  of  elaborate  and  exhaustive  editorials  during  his 
thirty  years  of  editorial  labors.  Died  Aug.  22,  1886. 
COOPER,  WiLUAM  James: 

Was  born  in  July,    1842,   at  Paris,   Washington  Co.,    Pa.; 


THE   MINISTRY.  287 

was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  July  25,  1871,  by 
Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  9,  '74,  by  Allegheny; 
was  pastor  of  Mt.  Nebo,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  June,  1874-Ap. 
'^^',  of  Reynoldsville,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1878-Mar.  25,  '80;  of  Paris, 
Pa.,  since  June  15,  1880. 
COUTTS,  David  (A.): 

Was  born  and  educated  and  licensed  in  Scotland;  was  or- 
dained by  the  Stamford  Pres.,  in  June,  1836,  and  installed 
pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Esquesing,  in  Canada;  he  and 
part  of  his  congregation  abruptly  left  the  Associate  Synod  in 
Oct.,  1842,  and  joined  the  United  Secession  Synod  of  Canada. 

COWAN,  James  P. : 

Was  born  May  16,  1847,  at  Richland,  Ind.,  and  was  gradu- 
ated at  Miami  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Sept.  5,  1872,  by  Indiana  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '74,  by 
Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Des  Moines  City,  la.,  June,  1874-Ap., 
'78;  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  since  July  7,  1880. 
COWPER,  James  Steenson  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1822  in  Dunfermline,  in  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Union,  N.  Y.,  in  1847,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  22,  1850;  by  New  York  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.,  22,  '52,  by  Washington;  was  pastor  of 
Oxbow,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1852-Ap.  4,  '54;  returned  to  Scotland, 
took  a  pastorate  in  the  Free  Church,  and  died  in  1866  at 
North  Queensferry.  Publication:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  Ill,  of 
the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 
COX,  William  Robert: 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1850,  near  Tarentum,  Pa. ;  was  educated 
at  Westminster  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  1876,  by  Brookville  Pres.,  and  ordained  May 
I,  '77,  by  Cleveland;  was  pastor  of  Liberty,  O.,  May,  1877- 
May  I,  '80,  and  of  Red  Oak,  la.,  June  2,  i88(^Aug,  31,  '86; 
Lenox,  la.,  since  Nov.  i,  1886-.  Taught  two  years  in  the 
Dayton  Academy. 

CRABBE,  Henry  Wilson: 

Was  born  May  21,  1839,  at  Canonsburg,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ; 
after  finishing  his  Sophomore  year  he  entered  the  army  as  a 


288  THE   MINISTRY. 

private,  and  continued  in  the  service  until  after  the  battle  of 
Stone  River,  when  he  was  discharged  for  physical  debility. 
In  about  a  year  he  recuperated  and  re-entered  Westminster, 
where  he  was  graduated  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1867,  t>y  Sidney  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  22,  '68,  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  of  Shiloh,  Henry 
Co.,  Ind.,  Ap. ,  1 868-' 9;  of  St.  Louis,  spring  1869-Sept,  14, 
'72;  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  May,  1873-Dec.  11,  '84;  ist  Mercer, 
Pa.,  Aug.  25,  1885-Sept.  27,  '87. 

CRAIG,  Abraham  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  partly  edu- 
cated there;  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1795;  studied 
theology  privately;  was  licensed  by  First  Pres.  of  Penn.,  and 
ordained  by  the  same  in  1800;  was  pastor  of  Cynthiana,  Har- 
rison Co.,  Ky.,  1800-6;  of  Jonathan's  Creek,  Rush ville  and 
Crooked  Creek,  O.,  1808-23;  ^<^oh  umbrage  at  the  Synod, 
and  refused  to  attend  Presbytery  or  Synod,  or  obey  the  ap- 
pointments of  either,  and  in  1828  declined  the  authority  of 
Synod.  The  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio,  by  synodic  direction, 
suspended  him  May  6,  1829,  for  contumacy  and  insubordina- 
tion. He  died  about  1855,  in  Greene  Co.,  unwept  and  un- 
honored. 
CRAIG,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  about  1744,  and  was  educated  in  Scot- 
land ;  was  licensed  and  ordained  by  the  Associate  Ch.  of  Ire- 
land, and  filled  a  pastorate  in  it  for  some  twenty  years.  He 
came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1793,  and  connected  with  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Pennsylvania.  In  the  autumn  of  the  year  of  his  arri- 
val he  accepted  a  call  to  the  Big  Spring  congregation  at  New- 
ville,  Pa.,  and  entered  at  once  upon  the  charge.  In  the 
spring  of  1794  Mr.  Logan,  of  Juniata  Co.,  came  as  the  Com- 
missioner of  Pres.  to  install  him,  and  found  him  dead,  and 
buried  him  on  the  day  he  was  to  be  installed. 

CRAIG,  John  Liggett  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  7,  1828,  in  Allegheny  City;  was  graduated 
at  Duquesne  College  in  1846  and  at  Jefferson  in  1847,  ^^^ 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  26,  1851, 
by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  12,  '54,  by  Indiana; 


THE   MINISTRY.  289 

was  pastor  of  Princeton,  Ind.,  from  Dec.  30,  1854,  until  his 
death.     He  entered  the  army  during  the  civil  war  as  chaplain 
of  the  17th  regiment  of  Indiana  Mounted  Veterans,  and  died 
July  II,  1865,  at  Macon,  Georgia,  of  camp  fever. 
CRANE,  James  C.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  licensed  and  ordained  as  a  domestic  missionary  in 
May,  181 7,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  in  1820  was  dis- 
missed to  the  Presbyterian  Church. 
CRAWFORD,  Archibald: 

Was  born  Sept.  24,  1836,  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  An- 
tioch  College,  Yellow  Springs,  O.,  and  studied  theology  at 
the  Presbyterian  Sem.  at  Auburn,  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  by  the 
Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Cayuga,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  3,  1861;  returned 
to  Ireland,  and  was  ordained  Oct.  15,  '64,  by  the  Pres.  or 
Cavan.  After  a  short  pastorate  in  Ireland  returned  to  the 
U.  S. ,  and  was  pastor  of  the  United  Presbyterian  congrega- 
tion of  Newark,  N.  J.,  Oct.  i,  1869-Ap.  i,  '77;  of  the  Fourth 
Ch.,  Philadelphia,  May  3,  1879-Oct.  30,  '83. 
CRAWFORD,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  the  town  of  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
May  8,  1827;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1847,  among  the 
very  highest  on  the  merit  roll  of  a  class  numbering  eighty- 
five  graduates ;  studied  theology  at  Newburgh ;  was  licensed 
May  30,  1852,  by  Washington  Pres. ;  after  spending  several 
years  in  the  home  missionary  field  he  was  appointed,  in  June, 
1856,  by  the  Synod  of  New  York,  as  missionary  to  Syria.  In 
view  of  this  he  studied  medicine  the  next  winter  in  Philadel- 
phia, and  was  ordained  Ap.  13,  '57,  by  Washington  Pres.; 
sailed  Oct.  i,  and  arrived  at  Damascus  Nov.  26,  and  has  re- 
mained in  Syria  ever  since.  When  the  Syria  Mission  was 
transferred  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Ireland,  his  ecclesiasti- 
cal relations  were  not  changed. 

CRAWFORD,  Luke  Irwin: 

Was  born  in  Mercer  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westmin- 
ster in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  4,  1861,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  16,  '64,  by 
he  Claire;  pastor  of  Wyoming,  Jones  Co.,  la.,  June,  i864-'9; 
Sandy  Lake  and  Utica  and  Sandy,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  installed 


290  THE   MINISTRY. 

July  I,  1870;  resigned  Utica  in  '73,  Sandy  July,  '74,  and 
Sandy  Lake  Aug.  12,  '79;  was  also  editor  of  the  weekly  paper 
at  Sandy  Lake. 

CREE,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1754,  in  Perth,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
Glasgow,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Theo.  Hall  of  the  Gen. 
Asso.  Synod;  was  licensed  in  Scotland  in  1786,  and  came  to 
this  country  in  1790;  supplied  the  Asso.  Ch.  in  New  York 
city  for  a  year,  and  was  then  ordained  and  installed  its  pastor 
Oct.  12,  '92;  remained  pastor  until  '94  or  '95;  pastor  of  the 
Asso.  congregation  in  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.,  until  1803;  Dec, 
14,  1803,  he  accepted  a  call  from  Fairfield  and  Donegal,  in 
Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  and  entered  immediately  upon  the 
duties  of  the  pastorate.  Arrangements  were  made  for  his  in- 
stallation, but  a  trouble  sprung  up  in  the  Pres.  which  inter- 
ferred  with  the  carrying  of  them  out,  and  before  new  measures 
could  be  taken  he  died,  so  that  he  was  never  formally  installed, 
although  two  years  and  a  half  in  the  charge.  He  died  Ap.  i, 
1806. 

CRESWELL,  Robert  Johnson: 

Was  born  July  23,  1844,  in  Fairview,  W.  Va. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh;  was  licensed  Sept.  11,  1869,  ^Y  ^^^  Pres.  of  Tenn., 
and  ordained  Dec.  26,  '71,  by  Delaware;  was  pastor  of  Mere- 
dith, Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec,  1871-73;  was  connected  for 
a  time  with  the  Freedmen's  Mission  in  Tenn.,  and  was  Prin- 
cipal of  Andes  Collegiate  Institute  1 873-' 74;  was  for  a  season 
lecturer  of  the  New  York  State  Temperance  Society;  passed 
in  1875  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  has  had  several  charges 
in  Dakota  and  Minnesota. 

CRISWELL,  Robert  C.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  i,  1849,  i^  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1877,  by  the  Beaver  Valley  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  17,  '78,  by  Muskingum;  pastor  of  Lebanon, 
Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  17,  1878-Oct.  21,  '85;  Ontario,  O., 
since  June  8,  1886. 


THE   MINISTRY.  29I 

CROSBIE,  Alexander  Hodder: 

Was  born  Mar.  5,  1855,  in  Washington,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1881,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  3,  '81,  by  Philadelphia,  pastor  at  Oxford, 
Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  3,  i88i-May  22,  '87;  119th  St.,  New 
York,  since  Sep.  1887- 
CROTHERS,  Samuel,  D.  D.,  (A.  R)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  22,  1783,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  and  his 
father's  family  removed  to  Kentucky  in  1787;  was  educated 
at  Lexington  Academy,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York 
under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  Nov.  9,  1809,  by  the  Ken- 
tucky Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  31,  '11,  by  the  same;  was  in- 
stalled pastor  of  Chillicothe  and  Hop  Run,  (Greenfield,)  O., 
at  ordination;  resigned  the  former  in  '13  and  the  latter  Ap. 
10,  '18;  went  to  Winchester,  Ky,,  in  1818,  and  preached  and 
taught  there  for  a  year.  He  did  not  sympathize  with  the 
movement  to  make  the  Asso.  Ref  Synod  of  Scioto  indepen- 
dent of  the  General  Synod;  so  in  1819,  while  in  Kentucky, 
he  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  came  back  to  Green- 
field, O.,  and  organized  a  Presbyterian  Ch.,  mainly  from  his 
old  Hop  Run  congregation.  He  was  pastor  of  this  new  or- 
ganization from  June  24,  1820,  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
July  20,  1856,  from  apoplexy,  while  on  a  visit  to  a  son  at 
Oswego,  111.  Publications:  Gospel  of  the  Jubilee,  i8mo.,  pp. 
222,  1839;  Life  of  Abraham,  i2mo.,  pp.  220,  1847;  and 
numerous  sermons  and  pamphlets,  mostly  in  opposition  to 
slaver}^ 

CROWE,  James: 

Was  born  Mar.  13,  1824,  in  Manorcunningham,  county 
Donegal,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  i860,  by 
Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  20,  '60,  by  Philadelphia; 
pastor  of  the  Ninth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  since  his  ordination. 
He  had  been  in  business  in  Philadelphia  and  had  been  or- 
dained a  ruling  elder  in  the  Second  Asso.  congregation  before 
he  entered  college  in  1854. 

CROWE,  Nelson  K.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  15,  1830,  at  Princeton,  Ind. ;  was  graduated 


292  THE   MINISTRY. 

at  the  State  University  of  Indiana,  and  studied  theology  at 
New  Albany,  Ind. ,  (Presbyterian);  was  licensed  in  Ap.  1855, 
by  the  Presbytery  of  O. ,  (Ref.  Pres.),  and  was  ordained  Jan. 
^5)  '57)  by  the  Western  Presbytery  of  that  church,  as  pastor 
of  Unity  and  Hill  Prairie,  la.  In  1866  he  united  with  the 
United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Walton,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  1868-July,  1872,  after  which  he  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  now  at  Oak  Ridge  O. 

CUMMINS,  Cyrus  (A.)*: 

Was  born  July  10,  181 2,  in  Kishacoquillas  valley,  Mifflin 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1840,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  July,  1844,  by 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  23,  '46,  by  Miami; 
was  installed  pastor  of  Caesar's  Creek  and  Sugar  Creek, 
Greene  Co.,  O.,  at  ordination,  and  demitted  the  latter  in  '53 
and  the  former  in  Ap.,  '61;  of  Mt.  Jackson,  Lawrence  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.,  1861-Sept.,  '69;  installed  at  Bethel  and  Clarks- 
ville,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa,,  Ap.,  1870;  demitted  the  latter  in  Dec, 
'  76,  and  associated  Lebanon  with  the  former.  Resigned  both 
Aug.  25,  '85.  Died  Sept.,  12,  1887,  of  apoplexy.  Publica- 
tions: Against  Affinity  Marriages,  pp.  12,  1869;  A  Thanks- 
giving Sermon,  1868. 

CUNNINGHAM,  John  D.,  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1816  near  Hickory,  Washington  Co. ,  Pa.,  but 
his  father's  family  soon  afterward  moved  to  a  farm  near  New 
Concord,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1839,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1843, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  16,  '44,  by  Stamford; 
was  pastor  of  Esquesing,  in  Upper  Canada,  1844-May,  '48; 
was  domestic  missionary  in  Iowa  for  four  or  five  years;  in 
July,  1853,  he  was  installed  pastor  of  Otter  Creek,  in  Jackson 
Co.,  la.,  and  in  the  summer  of  '60  he  and  his  congregation 
withdraw  from  the  United  Presbyterian  Presbytery  of  Le 
Claire  and  connected  themselves  with  the  residuary  Associate 
Synod.  In  1874  he  and  his  congregation  left  Otter  Creek, 
and  going  as  a  colony  settled  in  Wayne  Co.,  la.,  where  he 
died  in  1876. 
CUNNINGHAM,  Robert  John: 

Was  born  May  28,  1850,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  educated 


THE   MINISTRY,  293 

privately  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  II,  1876,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  23  of 
the  same  year  by  Argyle;  pastor  of  East  Salem,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  23,  1876-Ap.  '87,  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  is  located  at  Cawfordsville,  Ind. 

CUNNINGHAM,  Thomas  M.,  D.  D.,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1829,  i^  New  Concord,  O.,  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  16,  185 1,  by  the  Second  Pres.,  of  O.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  12,  '52,  by  First  Illinois;  was  pastor  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  Ap.  i853-'57;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  held  pas- 
torates in  Chicago,  and  Indianapolis,  and  Philadelphia,  and 
San  Francisco;  and  died  in  Oakland,  Cal.,  Feb.  22,  1880. 
CURRIE,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  21,  1793,  in  Moffat,  Scotland,  and  princi- 
pally educated  in  his  native  country;  studied  theology^  one 
year,  i823-'4,  at  Princeton  Seminary;  was  licensed  Aug.  31, 
1824,  by  Saratoga  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  5,  '26,  by  the 
same;  was  pastor  of  Sterling,  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  11, 
1826-June  20,  '42;  recalled  and  again  pastor  Oct.  20,  1846- 
June  29,  '53;  was  then  for  a  number  of  years  Country  Super- 
intendent of  Common  Schools,  and  died  at  Sterling  Valley, 
Feb.  22,  1875.  Publications:  Two  Sermons  in  the  Pulpit  of 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

CURRIE,  Ebenezer*: 

Brother  of  Walter  P.;  was  born  at  Massie's  Creek,  Greene 
Co.,  O.,  Feb.  10,  1834;  united  with  the  church  when  fifteen 
years  old;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1861,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  24,  1862,  by  Xenia  Pres,, 
and  ordained  Oct.  8,  '63,  by  the  same;  sailed  Mar.  4,  1865, 
as  a  missionary  for  Egypt,  and  died  in  Alexandria,  Oct.  18, 
1869,  from  Syrian  fever  contracted  in  Palestine.  Nature, 
culture  and  grace  had  specially  fitted  him  for  the  missionary 
work. 

CURRIE,  Walter  Pinkerton  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  11,  1828,  in  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Oct.  29,  1855,  ^Y  Miami  and  ordained  Sept.,  23, 


294  THE   MINISTRY. 

'58,  by  Northern  Illinois;  was  pastor  of  Hanover,  Jo  Daviess 
Co.,  111.,  i858-'66;  eight  years  a  home  missionary;  and  pas- 
tor of  Carnahan's  Creek,  Kan.,  Ap.  6,  1876-June  20,  '83;  in- 
firm, resides  at  Garrison,  Kan. 
CURRY,  William  Wallace: 

Was  born  Dec.  14,  1848,  near  Centreville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  6,  1873,  by 
Cleveland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '75,  by  Beaver  Valley; 
was  pastor  of  East  Palestine,  O.,  Ap.,  1875-Ap.,  '78;  of  Bruce, 
Mich.,  May  5,  i88i-May,  '87. 
CUTHBERTSON,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  3,  17 18,  in  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  and  studied 
theology  with  the  Rev.  John  McMillan;  he  was  licensed  May 
16,  1744,  and  ordained,  sine  tituto^  Oct.  6,  '44,  by  the  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Scotland,  then  consisting  of  John  McMillan,  Thomas 
Naime  and  Alexander  Marshall.  In  1750  he  was  sent  to  Ire- 
land and  preached  to  the  little  societies  of  Old  Dissenters  or 
Convenanters  which  were  scattered  through  the  northern 
counties  of  that  island.  On  the  20th  of  June,  1751,  he  sailed 
from  Derry  Loch  for  America,  and  landed  on  Monday,  5th  of 
Aug.,  at  New  Castle,  on  the  Delaware.  This  was  undertaken, 
most  probably,  at  his  own  suggestion,  but  by  the  direction  of 
his  Pres.  There  were  at  this  time  over  five  hundred  Coven- 
anters, adults  and  minors,  scattered  through  that  portion  of 
eastern  Pennsylvania  now  covered  by  the  counties  of  Chester, 
Lancaster,  Dauphin,  York,  Adams,  Cumberland,  Franklin 
and  Fulton.  Mr.  Cuthbertson  visited  all  these  within  the 
first  month,  preaching  to  eleven  different  clusters.  He  went 
over  this  circuit  every  year  for  many  years,  and  generally 
held  an  annual  communion  in  some  central  place  to  which 
all  resorted.  The  first  was  held  Aug.  23,  1752,  at  Stony 
Ridge,  Cumberland  Co.,  when  about  two  hundred  and  fifty 
communed,  and  the  services  on  the  Sabbath  lasted  for  nine 
hours.  He  was  about  one-third  of  his  time  in  the  saddle,  and 
in  addition  to  his  regular  circuit,  he  visited  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y., 
three  times,  and  Washington  Co.  twice,  and  at  least  once  some 
little  clusters  of  families  in  Connecticut,  Rhode  Island  and 
New  Hampshire,  and  as  far  westward  as  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. 


THE    MINISTRY.  295 

111  Dec.  1773,  Matthew  Lind  and  Alexander  Dobbin  came 
from  Ireland  to  his  assistance,  and  these  three,  with  several 
ruling  elders,  organized,  Mar.  10,  1774,  the  Reformed  Pres- 
byterian Pres.  of  America,  at  Paxtang,  six  miles  east  of 
Harrisburg,  Pa.  He  now  confined  his  labors  principally  to 
Chester,  Lancaster  and  York  Cos. ;  went  with  his  Pres.  into 
the  union  of  1782  with  the  Asso.  Pres.,  and  continued  in 
the  communion  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  Mar.  10,  1791.  He  was  buried  in  the  Lower  Octo- 
raro  graveyard,  where  his  tombstone  can  still  be  seen.  After 
1783,  when  he  gave  up  Octoraro  to  Mr.  Smith,  he  remained 
the  nominal  pastor  of  Lower  Chanceford,  in  York  Co.,  and 
Muddy  Run,  in  Lancaster.  The  probabilities  are  that  he  was 
never  formally  installed  anywhere,  but  sustained  a  paternal 
rather  than  pastoral  relation  to  all  the  congregations  which 
he  served.  His  diary,  which  is  now  in  the  possession  of  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Buchanan,  of  Steubenville,  O.,  shows  that  in 
America  he  preached  on  2,452  days,  baptized  1,806  children, 
married  204  couples,  and  rode  on  horseback  about  70,000 
miles,  nearly  equal  to  three  times  around  the  world. 
DALES,  John  Blakely,  D.  D.,  LL.D.,  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  6,  1815;  was  grad- 
uated at  Union  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh, 
N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  May  15,  1839,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York, 
and  June  4,  1840,  ordained  and  installed  by  the  same  as  pas- 
tor of  the  First  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. , 
which  office  he  still  retains.  Was  editor  of  the  Christian  In- 
structor  \%\(y-']'^\  was  Prof  in  Newburgh  Theo.  Sem.  1867-76; 
was  Moderator  of  the  Gen.  Ass.  of  1867,  and  has  been  Cor.  Sec. 
of  the  United  Presbyterian  Board  of  For.  Mis.  since  1859.  Del- 
gate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  in  1880.  Publications:  "  Ro- 
man Catholicism, "  a  Sermon,  1842;  "The  Dangers  and  Duties 
of  Young  Men,"  1851;  History  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  and  of 
its  Missions,  in  The  Church  Memorial,  1859;  Biographical 
Sketches  of  Dr.  John  Mason  and  Dr.  Thomas  Clark,  in 
Sprague's  Annals;  A  number  of  special  articles,  historical 
and  biographical,  in  the  Instructor^  in  addition  to  his  num- 
erous editorials;  The  Gospel  Minister,  a  Sermon,  in  Vol.  V. 
of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. ;  Memorial  Sermon  on  the 


296  THE   MINISTRY. 

Fortieth  Anniversary'  of  his  Pastorate,  1881;  History  of  the 
United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  SchafF-Herzog  Encyclopedia,  1883. 

DALZELL,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  county  Down,  Ireland,  Oct.  31,  1820,  and 
came  to  America  in  1827;  "^^^  graduated  at  Duquesne  Col- 
lege in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
May  II,  1848,  by  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  the  Lake,  and  or- 
dained and  installed  Jan.  30,  '50,  by  the  same  as  pastor  01 
Crooked  Creek;  resigned  Oct.  10  of  the  same  year,  and  spent 
two  years  as  missionary  in  Iowa;  pastor  of  Mansfield  and  On- 
tario, O.,  i853-'57;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1857,  and 
served  two  years  at  Kenton,  O. ;  six  years  at  Hanover  and 
connections;  three  years  at  Corinth  and  Monroeville;  four 
years  at  Madison  and  Clarkson;  three  years  at  Mineral  Ridge. 
His  health  finally  failed  him,  and  he  retired  to  Niles,  O., 
where  he  died  Sept.  21,  1877. 

DAVIDSON,  Robert  Jackson: 

Was  born  July  24,  1852,  in  Thompsonville,  Conn. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  May  10,  1881,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  26,  '82,  by  Bloomington;  pastor  of  Oak  Grove, 
McLean  Co.,  111.,  Sept.,  1882-Ap.  8,  '85;  Henderson,  111., 
July  5,  1885- 

DAVIDSON,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Brooke  Co.,  W.  Va.,  Oct.  2,  1817;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  with  the 
Rev.  William  Neil;  was  licensed  at  High  Ridge,  Belmont 
Co.,  O. ,  by  the  Ref.  Dis.  Pres.  in  Sept.,  1840,  and  ordained 
at  the  same  place  and  by  the  same  Pres.  in  May,  '43;  was 
pastor  of  the  congregations  at  Vienna  and  College  Comer, 
Ind.,  and  Carthage  and  Piqua,  O.  In  Mar.,  1848,  he  joined 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and  succeeded  Dr.  McDill  as  pastor  in 
Hamilton,  O.,  where  he  died  July  21,  1875,  after  having  been 
thrown  aside  from  active  duties  for  more  than  a  year  by  par- 
alysis. Publications:  Several  Sermons  and  Addresses,  and 
after  his  death  a  i2mo  volume  upon  the  Parables. 

DAVIS,  James  Porter: 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1842,  at  South  Shenango,  Crawford  Co., 


THE   MINISTRY.  297 

Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1871,  by  the  Lake, 
and  ordained  Sept.  3,  1872,  by  Frankford;  was  pastor  of 
Hookstown  and  Tumblinson  Run,  Sept.,  1872-Aug.,  '74;  of 
Mt.  Prospect,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  June  29,  1875-Ap.,  13, 
'86;  Springfield,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  18,  1887- 

DAVIS,  Thomas  D.  : 

Was  graduated  at  Erskine  College,  Due  West,  S.  C,  in 
1856;  was  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Memphis  in 
1858;  received  by  the  Pres.  of  Kansas  in  June,  1859,  and  was 
ordained  by  the  same  in  '61;  was  S.  S.  Uniontown  and 
Franklin  mission  stations  1861-63;  pastor  of  Hopewell,  in 
Perry  Co.,  111.,  i864-'68;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is 
located  at  Camp  Point,  111. 

DEFRAEST,  David  R.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Greenbush,  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1785; 
was  educated  at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. ,  and  was  licensed  by 
the  Dutch  Classis  at  New  Brunswick  in  1818;  was  pastor 
of  Cato,  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1821-5;  was  received  Sept.  11, 
1833,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Albany.  He  traveled  through  the 
church  for  a  few  years,  and  then  retired  to  Troy,  N.  Y., 
where  he  died  in  1851. 
DENHAM,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1773,  in  Ireland;  was  educated  in  Scotland; 
was  licensed  and  ordained  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Down,  Ire- 
land; landed  in  New  York  in  Jan.,  and  was  received  by  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York  on  the  ist  of  May,  1805;  was 
appointed  as  S.  S.  for  one  year  in  the  congregations  of  Little 
Britain  and  Bloomingburg,  in  Orange  Co. ;  was  called  in 
March  of  1806  to  the  pastorate  of  Hebron,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  entered  upon  his  duties  in  July,  and  was  installed  as 
pastor  on  the  23d  of  the  following  Oct.  In  the  autumn  of 
1823  ^^  resigned  and  moved  to  New  York,  but  a  year  after- 
ward, at  the  solicitation  of  many  of  the  congregation,  he  re- 
turned, preached  during  the  winter,  received  and  accepted  a 
call  May  23,  1825,  t>ut  a  strong  protest  against  his  installa- 
tion from  a  large  part  of  the  officers  and  members  of  the  con- 
gregation was  presented  to  Pres.  at  its  meeting  on  the  3d  of 
Nov.     He  returned  the  call,  went  back  to  New  York,  united 

19 


298  THE   MINISTRY. 

with  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.  in  1827;  remained  three  years  in  its 
ministry  without  any  charge;  then  abandoned  the  duties  of 
the  ministry  and  gave  all  his  time  to  secular  business,  and 
died  in  1848. 
DICE,  John  Smith: 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1844,  in  Poland,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  27,  1872,  by  the  Pres.  of 
Mercer,  and  ordained  Ap.  21,  '74,  by  Beaver  Valley,  and  in- 
stalled pastor  of  Bethel,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he 
still  is. 
DICK,  Jeremiah  Murray  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Mungo;  was  born  in  Sewickly  township, 
Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.  5,  1818;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1837,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1841,  by  Blairsville  Pres.,  and 
spent  nearly  ten  years  as  a  missionary  in  the  west;  then  he 
was  ordained  Nov.  12,  '51,  and  has  spent  the  remainder  of 
his  ministry  in  Oregon. 

DICK,  John,  Norman,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Mungo;  was  born  June  26,  1822,  in 
Sewickly,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1840,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  25,  1843,  ^Y  Blairsville  Pres. ,  and 
ordained  Oct.  16,  '49,  by  the  Lakes;  was  pastor  of  Kittan- 
ning.  Pa.  (with  Worthington  till  '54),  Oct.,  1849-Feb.,  '76; 
of  Bethel,  Westmoreland  Co.,  since  Ap.,  1877.  Publication: 
A  Sermon  before  a  Society  in  Jefferson  College. 

DICK,  Mungo,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1772,  in  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  where  he  took  every  honor 
of  his  class  except  one;  studied  theology  in  the  Burgher  Semi- 
nary, and  was  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Burgher  Pres.,  of  Perth. 
Came  to  this  country  in  the  summer  of  1804,  and  in  Sept.  of 
that  year  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  New  York,  but 
passed  west  of  the  mountains  almost  immediately,  and  was 
ordained,  sine  titulo^  Ap.  10,  1806,  by  Monongahela,  and  in- 
stalled Ap.  I,  1807,  as  pastor  of  Sewickly,  Mt.  Pleasant  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  299 

Dennistontown,  Westmoreland  Co.  In  1816  he  resig-ned 
Dennistontown,  and  in  Sept.,  1823,  Mt.  Pleasant.  In  1824 
he  took  the  charge  of  Brnsh  Creek  (now  Bethel),  in  Westmore- 
land Co.,  for  half  time,  which  he  resigned  Ap.  14,  1835,  and 
was  also  released  from  Sewickly  Ap.  27,  1836,  and  died  May 
2,  1839.  During  the  years  i829-'30,  between  the  death  of 
Dr.  Joseph  Kerr  and  the  election  of  Dr.  J.  T.  Pressly,  he  was 
appointed  pro.  tern.  Professor  of  Theology. 

DICKEY,  Charles  Andrews,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1838,  in  Wheeling,  West  Va. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Washington  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  Wheeling  Pres. ;  or- 
dained Ap.  8,  '62,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  the  Fourth  Ch., 
Allegheny,  Ap. ,  1862-Ap.,  '69;  united  with  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  pastor  of  the  First  Ch.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1869-75;  of 
Calvary,  Philadelphia,  since  1875. 

DICKEY,  Ebenezer  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  12,  1772,  near  Oxford,  Chester  Co.,  Pa., 
where  his  grandparents  had  settled  when  they  came  from  Ire- 
land. He  was  called  Ebenezer  by  his  parents  from  a  grateful 
recognition  of  the  merciful  providence  of  God,  and  from  his 
birth  his  mother's  earnest  prayer  was  that  he  might  be  a 
faithful  minister  of  the  gospel.  He  was  graduated  with  honor 
in  1792  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  studied  the- 
ology with  the  Rev.  John  Smith,  of  Octararo,  Pa. ;  was 
licensed  in  1794  by  the  First  Pres.,  of  Pennsylvania,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same  in  '96,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  Oxford 
for  the  three-fourths  and  Octoraro  for  the  one-fourth  of  his 
time.  At  the  so-called  union  of  1822  Mr.  Dickey  went  with 
his  Presbytery  into  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  This  terminated 
his  connection  with  Octoraro,  which  joined  the  Associate 
Church,  but  Oxford  went  with  him,  and  he  remained  its  pas- 
tor until  his  death.  May  31,  1831.  Of  this  congregation  his 
father  and  grandfather  had  been  ruling  elders,  and  his  son 
became  his  successor  in  the  pastorate.  Publications:  A  Tract 
to  Parents,  published  by  the  American  Tract  Society;  A  Plea 
for  Christian  Communion;  Travels  in  Europe  for  Health. 


300  THE   MINISTRY. 

DICKEY,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Wash- 
ington, Pa.,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  30,  1829,  by  the  Pres.,  of  Monongahela,  and  ordained 
Sept.  30,  '30,  by  the  same,  and  installed  pastor  at  St.  Clair, 
Allegheny  Co.,  where  he  remained  until  his  death,  in  Mar., 
1839. 

DICKEY,  John  P.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Ireland;  was  educated  at  the  Western  Univer- 
sity, and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  May 
29,  1833,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  June,  4,  '34,  by 
Allegheny,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  Turtle  Creek,  Bethel 
and  Freeport.  The  autumn  of  that  same  year  he  visited  Ire- 
land, expecting  to  be  chosen  co-pastor  with  his  father,  and 
left  behind  him  a  conditional  resignation  of  his  charge;  as  he 
never  returned,  the  pastoral  relation  was  formally  dissolved  by 
Presbytery  the  next  summer.  He  still  (1881-)  holds  a  pas- 
toral charge  in  Ireland. 

DICKIE,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1783  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology  at  the  Asso.  Hall  under 
Prof.  Bruce,  of  Whitburn;  was  licensed  in  1805  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.  of  Newton-Iyimavady,  Ireland;  arrived  in  the  U.  S.  in 
the  spring  of  1807;  was  ordained  May  13,  '11,  by  the  Pres.  of 
Ohio,  and  installed  pastor  of  the  congregations  of  Kittanning, 
Buffalo,  Upper  Piney  and  Rich  Hill,  in  Armstrong  Co. ,  Pa. ; 
resigned  these  one  after  the  other,  except  the  last,  which  he 
retained  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Aug.  24,  1849,  from 
dropsy.  Publications:  Slavery,  examined  in  the  light  of  the 
New  Testament. 

DICKSON,  David  French  : 

Grandson  of  David  French;  was  born  July  9,  1847,  ^^^^ 
Venice,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  West- 
minster in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  10,  ''']']^  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
13,  '80,  by  the  Lakes;  pastor  of  Shenango,  Mercer  Co.,  June 
17,  1880-Feb.  13,  '83;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at 
East  Palestine,  O. 


THE   MINISTRY.  30I 

DICKSON,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  29,  1804,  near  Newville,  Pa.,  and  in  1806 
the  family  moved  to  Westmoreland  Co.  He  was  converted 
under  the  ministry  of  John  Walker,  of  New  Athens,  O.,  and 
baptized  by  him  in  1826.  When  he  proposed  to  study  for 
the  ministry  his  father  refused  to  aid  him,  upon  the  ground 
that  the  profession  was  not  lucrative.  He  was  educated  at 
Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensrd 
in  Oct.,  1835,  by  the  Pres.  of  Muskingum,  and  ordained  Nov. 
9)  '37i  by  Miami,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  Raccoon,  Ind., 
now  Portland  Mills,  which  he  retained  until  his  death,  Nov. 
9,  1865.  He  declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858,  and  was 
elected  in  1862  by  the  residuary  Asso.  Synod  as  their  Prof,  of 
Theology. 
DICKSON,  Thomas  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  from  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Upper 
Canada,  Ap.  30,  1855,  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Illi- 
nois; S.  S.  of  Caledonia,  Switzerland  Co.,  Ind.,  i858-'62; 
pastor  of  Wheatland,  Will  Co.,  111.,  May  14,  1862-65;  re- 
ceived a  dismission  to  leave  the  country,  and  the  last  known 
of  him  he  was  in  the  island  of  New  Zealand. 
DICKSON,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Often  written  Dixon;  was  born  about  1760,  in  Ireland,  and 
received  his  literary  and  part  of  his  theological  education  in 
Scotland;  came  as  a  teacher  to  South  Carolina,  and  was  re- 
ceived in  1794  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres,  of  the  Carolinas  and 
Georgia  as  a  student  of  theology,  and  finished  his  course  with 
Peter  McMullan,  of  Due  West;  was  licensed  in  1795  by  his 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  5,  '97;  was  pastor  of  King's  Moun- 
tain, Turkey  Creek  and  Bullock's  Creek,  York  district,  S.  C, 
1797-Mar.  26,  1828;  on  the  2ist  of  Sept.,  1802,  he  and  Peter 
McMullan  declined  the  authority  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and 
Jan.  12,  1803,  were  received  into  the  Asso.  Ch.  He  died  in 
Nov.,  1831. 
DIGHT,  John  M.  : 

Was  born  May  30,  1843,  i^  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. :  was  graduated 
at  Allegheny  College,  Meadville,  Pa.,  1874;  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  13,  1879,  by  Lake  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  8,  '80,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  Mt.  Pleasant 


302  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  Evansburg,  Butler  Co.,  since  ordination;  was  Superin- 
tendent of  Public  Schools  of  Mercer  Co.,  i875-'8.  Publica- 
tion: An  Address  before  the  County  Teachers'  Institute,  1876. 

DINSMORE,  James  (A.): 

Was  received  in  Nov.,  1853,  by  the  Asso,  Pres.  of  New- 
York  (Bullions),  as  a  licentiate  from  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  of 
Ireland,  and  was  ordained  Mar.  i,  '54,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Sixth  Ch.,  Eleventh  street.  New  York,  1854-9;  Law- 
rence, Mass.,  Oct.  18,  1859-Ap.  16,  '62;  returning  to  New 
York  and  engaging  in  secular  pursuits,  his  name  was  dropped 
from  the  roll  in  the  autumn  of  1866.  He  was  in  1880  a  dyer 
in  the  city  of  New  York. 

DINWIDDIE,  James  Lemonte,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Grandson  of  David  Dunwoody,  the  first  Covenanter  ruling 
elder  ordained  in  this  country  (1754);  was  born  Feb.  23,  1798, 
near  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1816, 
and  studied  theology  in  New  York;  was  licensed  in  May, 
1820,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  Nov. 
22,  '20;  was  pastor  in  Mercer  and  connections,  Pa.,  Nov., 
1820-May,  '34;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor 
of  one  of  its  Philadelphia  churches  1834-41 ;  returned  to  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Ch. ,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Ch. ,  Pittsburgh, 
Mar.,  1843-4;  Sept.  13,  1843,  ^^^  was  elected  to  the  Profes- 
sorship of  Biblical  Literature  and  Sacred  Criticism  in  the  Al- 
legheny Theo,  Sem. ;  had  an  attack  of  paralysis  of  the  brain 
in  Feb.,  1846,  which  unfitted  him  for  all  public  duties.  In 
Jan.,  1849,  he  had  another  attack,  and  in  a  few  hours  died. 
DOBBIN,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  4,  1742,  in  Londonderry,  Ireland:  was  edu- 
cated in  literature  and  theology  in  the  Glasgow  University, 
and  was  licensed  and  ordained,  within  six  weeks,  in  1773,  by 
the  Convenanter  Presbytery  of  Ireland,  with  the  special  de- 
sign of  coming  with  Mr.  Lind  to  America.  He  landed  at 
New  Castle,  Del.,  in  Dec,  1773,  and  with  Messrs.  Cuthbert- 
son  and  Lind  organized  at  Paxtang,  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar. 
10,  1774,  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Presbytery  of  America; 
was  pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Rock  Creek,  now  Gettys- 
burg, Adams  Co.,  Pa,,  1774-1809,  together  with  the  Covenan- 
ter conereofation  near  Greencastle  for  one-fourth  time  until 


THE   MINISTRY.  3O3 

the  union  of  1782,  and  half-time  to  Marsh  Creek  after  Mr. 
Murray's  death.  He  maintained,  1 788-' 99,  a  private  classical 
boarding  school  in  his  own  house,  which  became  very  popu- 
lar, in  which  over  sixty  professional  men  were  classically 
educated,  of  whom  twenty-five  were  clergymen.  He  was  re- 
garded as  one  of  the  very  best  Latin,  Greek  and  Hebrew 
scholars  in  the  country,  and  before  the  establishment  of  the 
Theo.  Sem.  in  New  York  was  regarded  as  the  Theological 
Professor  of  his  church,  not  by  any  appointment  of  Synod, 
but  by  the  voluntary  choice  of  the  students.  He  was  the  first 
Moderator  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Associate  Reformed 
Church  at  its  organization  in  1804.  In  Oct.,  1808,  he  had  a 
severe  hemorrhage  of  the  lungs,  which  settled  into  consump- 
tion and  terminated  fatally  June  i,  1809. 

DODDS,  David: 

Was  born  Dec.  19,  1838,  at  Prospect,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  26,  1871,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  4,  '72,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  East  Brady 
and  Fairview,  Butler  Co.,  June,  1872-Ap.  20,  '73;  Fairview 
alone  till  May  20,  ''']']\  North  Page,  la.,  since  Jan.  i,  1878. 

DODDS,  James: 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  in  1838,  in  Roxburghshire,  Scotland; 
emigrated  to  Canada  West;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Knox  Seminary,  in  Toronto, 
and  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1870,  by  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  14,  '72,  by  Wisconsin;  pastor  of 
Vernon,  Wis.,  Mar.,  1872-June  13,  '78;  of  Oxford,  O.,  June 
10,  1879-Mar.  I,  '81;  Leechburg,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec. 
16,  1884-Sept.  6,  '87. 
DODDS,  James  Ezra*: 

Was  born  June  27,  1840,  near  Prospect,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  26,  1872,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.,  22,  '74,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Mt.  Varnum 
and  West  Unity,  Sept.,  1874-Ap.  ''']']:,  died  Ap.  9,  1877. 

DODDS,  Robert  Clarence: 
Was  born  June  10,  1853,  "ear  Clintonville,  Venango  Co., 


304  THE   MINISTRY. 

Pa.,  and  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed,  Ap.  4,  1882,  by  Butler 
Pres.,  and  ordained,  Ap.  17,  1883,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Sunbury  and  Mt.  Varnum,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.,  1883-Dec. 
30,  '85;  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  23,  1886- 

DOIG,  James  Rolla,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  29,  1812,  in  Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1837,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1841,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  21,  '42,  by  Richland;  was  pastor  of 
Dal  ton,  O.,  1842-48;  of  Cadiz,  O.,  May  1850-autumn,  '52  ; 
of  Grande  Prairie  and  Ainsworth,  la.,  i865-'6,  and  of  Ains- 
worth  alone  till  '69;  of  Pratt  Creek,  Benton  Co.,  la.,  1875, 
until  his  death.  Was  Prof,  in  Franklin  College  i848-'55; 
was  President  of  Washington  College,  la.,  1855-64,  and  Prof, 
in  Monmouth  College,  1869-74,     Died  Nov.  5,  1881. 

DOIG,  Robert  Timothy: 

Was  born  Oct.  30,  1842,  in  Andes,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  educated  at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  May  i,  1867,  by  the  Pres  of  Delaware,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  29,  '68,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  West  Kortright, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  Oct.,  1868. 

DONALDSON,  James: 

Was  born  Ap,  8,  1820,  in  Ceres,  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh  in  1848,  and 
studied  theology^  in  the  United  Presbyterian  Hall  in  Edin- 
burgh; was  licensed  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.,  of 
Edinburgh,  Sept.  14,  1852;  performed  probationary  and  mis- 
sionary work  in  Scotland  and  Shetland  i852-'6;  evangelistic 
work  in  New  York  city  i857-'6i;  S.  S.  of  the  Presbyterian 
churches  at  Frostburg  and  Lonaconing  in  Maryland;  or- 
dained June  3,  1862,  by  the  North  River  Pres.,  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch. ;  pastor  at  Salt  Point,  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1862-3;  City  Missionary  in  Montreal,  Canada,  1863-6;  pas- 
tor of  the  Canadian  Presbyterian  churches  of  East  and  West 
Adelaide,  Middlesex  Co.,  Ontario,  Canada,  i867-'7i;  Port 
Burwell  and  Vienna,  Can.,  187 1-' 3;  Wardsville  and  New- 
burg,  Can.,  i875-'9;  joined  the  Stamford  Presbytery  of  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  305 

United  Presbyterian  Cli.,  in   1880,   because  of  a  change  of 
views  on  Secret  Societies. 
DONALDSON,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1787  in  Con  par- Angus,  Scotland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  in 
the  Associate  Hall;  was  licensed  in  1814,  came  to  America 
in  1816,  and  was  ordained  Mar.  26,  '17,  by  Cambridge  Pres. ; 
pastor  of  Florida,  Montgomery  Co. ,  N.  Y.,  1817-Feb.  22,  '20; 
Yellow  Creek,  Glade  Run  and  Scroggsfield,  O. ,  May  17, 
1823-Dec.  10,  '34;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  in  1836,  and 
was  S.  S.  of  New  Lebanon  and  Mechanicstown,  in  the  Pres. 
of  Steubenville,  for  five  or  six  years;  in  1847  joined  the  Asso. 
Pres.,  of  Cambridge,  (Bullions,)  and  when  the  two  Associate 
Synods  united  in  1854  he  was  attached  to  Muskingum  Pres. ; 
refused  to  go  into  the  union  of  1858;  adhered  to  the  residu- 
ary Synod,  and  died  Dec.  31,  1871,  from  apoplexy.  Publica- 
tions: The  Glory  of  Heaven,  pp.  300;  The  Doctrine  of  Elec- 
tion, 1841,  pp.  72. 
DONALDSON,  John  McBurney*: 

Was  born  May,  11,  1837,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1862,  by  Frank- 
fort Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '65,  by  Butler;  pastor  of 
Mountville  and  Portersville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1865- 
Feb.  22,  '70;  First  Ch.,  New  Wilmington,  Aug.  23,  1870, 
until  death,  Nov.  26,  '74,  from  typhoid  fever. 
DONALDSON,  William: 

Was  born  Nov.  24,  1842,  at  Hickory,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1866,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  5,  1869,  ^7 
Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  7,  '70,  by  Caledonia;  pas- 
tor of  Franklinville,  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1870-Ap.,  '74; 
of  Cascade  and  Wyoming,  Dubuque  Co.,  la.,  July,  1877- 
Mar.  2,  '86;  Cedar  Creek,  la.,  June  14,  1886- 

DONNAN,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1775  in  Scotland,  and  educated  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Associate  Ch. ;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres. ,  of 
Kilmarnock;  was  ordained  and  installed  in  1800  as  the  sue- 


306  THE   MINISTRY. 

cesser  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Pringle,  in  the  congregation  of 
Gilnakirk,  near  Belfast,  Ireland;  came  to  this  country  in  1818, 
and  was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Burgettstown,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.,  May  28,  1819-May  12,  '39,  and  of  Mt.  Pleasant 
till  Ap.  20,  '52,  and  died  June  3,  1859. 

DONNAN,  David  (A.): 

Was  born  in  July,  1822,  in  Princeton,  Schenectady  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1845,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  and  ordained  the  same  day, 
June  20,  1850,  by  Albany  Pres.,  and  spent  a  year  by  Synodic 
appointment  as  missionary  in  the  State  of  Michigan;  pastor 
of  Newark,  N.  J.,  Dec,  1851-Sept.  24,  '62;  Cochranton, 
Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Ap.,  1866. 

DORRANCE,  John  W.  : 

Was  born  June  30,  1849,  ^^  Nebo,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1883,  by  Beaver  Valley 
Pres.,  and  ordained  by  Arkansas  Valley;  pastor  of  Pretty 
Prairie,  Kingman  Co.,  Kan.,  since  ordination. 

DOUGLASS,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  ordained  in  June,  1823,  ^Y  ^^^^  Presbytery  of  St.  Law- 
rence (Presbyterian),  and  installed  pastor  of  the  church  in  Lis- 
bon, St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.  When  that  congregation  re- 
turned to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  in  Jan.,  1826,  he  came  with  it 
as  its  pastor  and  was  received  by  the  Washington  Presbytery. 
This  pastoral  relation  was  dissolved  Aug.  3,  1830;  was  in- 
stalled in  Oct.,  1831,  as  pastor  of  five  small  congregations  in 
the  district  of  New  Castle,  Upper  Canada;  in  Nov.,  1833,  he 
and  these  congregations  were  regularly  dismissed  to  connect 
with  the  United  Secession  Ch.  of  Canada;  was  subsequently 
pastor  at  Coburg. 
DOUGLASS,  Robert  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1791,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Jefferson  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson,  at 
Service;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1818,  by  the  Pres.,  of  Char- 
tiers,  and  ordained  May  3,  '20,  by  Ohio,  and  installed  pastor  of 
Poland,  Liberty  and  Deer  Creek,  which  he  served  until  his 
death,  Dec.  14,  1823. 


THE   MINISTRY.  307 

DOUTHETT,  John  Albert: 

Was  born  May  19,  1851,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Feb.  9,  1876,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  14,  '76,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of  Union  congregation, 
Allegheny  Co.,  since  ordination. 

DOUTHETT,  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1798  near  Jamestown,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
educated  at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Sept.  3,  1828,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  '32  by  Ohio;  pastor  of  Windham,  Palmyra  and  Milton,  in 
the  eastern  edge  of  Ohio,  1832-41;  in  1841  took  charge  of 
Mineral  Ridge  and  Cross  Roads,  in  Mercer,  and  Portersville, 
in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  resigned  Cross  Roads  in  '47,  and  the 
others  in  '49;  Glade  Run  1849-Ap.,  '54;  removed  to  Iowa  in 
July,  1856,  and  supplied  two  years  in  eastern  Iowa;  went  to 
Clarinda,  Page  Co.,  and  organized  a  congregation  there  in 
1858,  and  supplied  it  and  some  north  of  it  until  1861;  he  then 
performed  missionary  labor  in  Nebraska  until  the  spring  of 
'66,  when  he  returned  to  Pennsylvania  and  supplied  Upper 
Piney,  Clarion  Co.,  and  Beechwoods,  Jefferson  Co.,  until  his 
death.  He  died  Oct.  6,  1872,  of  neuralgia  of  the  heart,  while 
on  a  visit  to  some  friends  near  New  Castle,  Pa. 

DRENNEN,  Philip  Howell  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  26,  1826,  at  Elizabeth,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Washington  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1853,  by  Blairsville  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  30,  '55,  by  Second  Illinois;  pastor  of  Bethel,  111.,  1855- 
Ap.  '57;  Low  Point,  111.,  1858-Ap.  '69;  labored  as  a  supply 
for  several  years  in  Kansas  and  Illinois,  and  was  pastor  of 
Eugene,  la..  May  13,  1879-Sept.  7,  '81.  Publication:  Civil 
Government,  a  Sermon,  1862. 
DRENNEN,  Thomas  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1825,  i^  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  May  28,  1851,  by  Second  Ohio,  and  ordained  Sept. 
27,  '53,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  installed  pastor  of  Evansburg 
and  White  Oak  Springs,  which  he  served  until  his  death. 


308  THE   MINISTRY. 

which  occurred  from  consumption,  Nov.  26,  '57,  while  on  a 
visit  to  Bloomington,  111. 
DUFF,  Albert  Kennedy: 

Was  born  Mar.  31,  1854,  in  Darlington  township,  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1879,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap,  13,  1881,  by  Brook- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  27,  '82,  by  Beaver  Valley;  pas- 
tor of  Center,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  June  27,  1882-Jan.  30,  '87; 
York,  N.  Y.,  since  Ap.,  1887. 

DUFF,  David  Alexander*  : 

Was  born  Jan.  31,  1845,  near  St,  Clairville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1867,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  15,  '69,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  June, 
1869-May,  '70;  of  Stewart  Station,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa., 
Jan.  I,  1871-Ap.  9,  '79;  of  Gait,  Ontario,  Canada,  since  Oct. 
20,  1880.  He  was  chairman  of  the  committee  and  the  princi- 
pal worker  which  prepared  the  "Bible  Songs."  Died  Sept. 
12,  1887. 
DUFF,  David  Kennedy  (A.): 

Was  born  May  8,  1825,  in  Enon  Valley,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Nov.  15,  1853,  by  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  2,  '56,  by  Clarion;  was  installed  at  ordination 
over  the  congregations  of  Dayton,  Lower  Piney  and  Perrys- 
ville,  in  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa. ;  in  1865  resigned  Perrysville  and 
took  Atwood;  resigned  Piney  in  '70,  and  Dayton  June  15, 
'86.  He  was  captain  in  the  14th  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  for 
three  years  of  the  civil  war. 
DUFF,  James  Agnew  (A)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  26,  1825,  "^^^  Darlington,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  2,  1855,  t>y  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Feb.  3,  '57,  by  Cambridge;  was  pastor  of  South 
Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  1857,  until  his  death, 
Oct.  6,  i860,  from  typhoid  fever. 
DUFF,  Jackson  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  24,  1814,  at  Paint  Lick,  Garrard  Co.,  Ky. ; 


THE   MINISTRY.  309 

was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1843,  by  First  Ohio,  and  ordained 
June  27,  '44,  by  First  Illinois;  pastor  of  Harrison  and  Vir- 
ginia Grove,  la.,  June,  1844-47;  of  Scotch  Ridge,  Wood  Co., 
O.,  June,  1853- Ap.,  '69;  home  missionary  the  rest  of  the  time 
in  Ohio,  Iowa  and  Kansas.  Died  Feb.  9,  1886,  at  Center 
Ridge,  Kans. 

DUFF,  John  Alexander: 

Was  born  Feb.  5,  1858,  near  Wilkinsburg,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Dec.  26,  1883,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  30,  '85,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Minden, 
Neb.,  since  Ap.  2,  1886. 

DUFF,  John  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1815,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1843,  ^7  Blairsville  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Dec.  5th  of  same  year,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Puckety, 
Westmoreland  Co.,  1843-Ap.,  '48;  of  Blairsville  and  New 
Alexandria,  June,  1848,  until  his  death.  He  died  Mar.  6, 
1850,  from  typhoid  fever.  Publication:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol. 
III.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

DUNCAN,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  of  Scotch  Covenanter  parentage;  born  and  brought  up 
in  western  Pennsylvania,  and  was  educated  at  Canonsburg 
Academy  previous  to  the  founding  of  Jefferson  College,  and, 
joining  his  wife's  church,  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  An- 
derson, of  Service,  Pa.;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1796,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained  in  1800  by  the  same; 
pastor  of  Mahoning  (Bethel),  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  and  Dar- 
lington 1800- Ap.  II,  '04,  when  he  resigned  the  latter  two, 
and,  having  organized  congregations  at  Poland  and  Liberty, 
he  regarded  them  as  mere  branches  of  Mahoning,  and  thus 
remained  pastor  of  Poland,  Liberty  and  Mahoning  until  his 
suspension  from  the  ministry.  He  preached  some  errors  in 
relation  to  original  sin  and  Christ's  atonement  and  interces- 
sion, and  published  a  book  in  their  defence.  For  these  he 
was  tried  and  suspended  by  Presbytery;  he  appealed  to  the 


3IO  THE   MINISTRY. 

Synod,  which,  at  its  meeting  in  Canonsburg,  May,  1815,  re- 
moved the  suspension,  and  after  certain  retractions  on  his 
part  censured  and  warned  him.  On  returning  to  his  congre- 
gation he  read  a  statement  of  his  case  in  Synod,  denying  that 
he  had  retracted  any  of  his  errors,  except  one,  and  that  it  was 
for  that  one  he  had  been  censured.  Presbytery  called  him  to 
account  for  this  public  misrepresentation,  he  remained  obsti- 
nate, and  was  suspended  from  the  ministry  and  from  the 
communion  of  the  church.  He  went  West  and  united  with 
the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  held  a  pastorate  sixty  miles  be- 
low Cincinnati,  in  Kentucky,  until  1824,  when  he  moved  to 
Vevay,  Ind. ;  published  a  book  against  slavery,  and  spent  the 
remainder  of  his  life  in  preaching  the  gospel  from  cabin  to 
cabin  in  the  new  settlements  in  the  west.  He  died  on  one  of 
these  mission  tours  at  a  house  on  the  borders  of  Indiana, 
where  he  had  put  up  for  the  night.  He  was  a  large  man  in 
person,  a  keen  controversialist,  of  more  than  ordinary  clear- 
ness and  grasp  of  mind.  In  personal  and  financial  matters 
he  was  very  careless,  and  grossly  addicted  to  the  use  of  to- 
bacco. It  was  no  unusual  thing  for  him,  while  preaching,  to 
take  a  bite  of  tobacco,  and  on  one  occasion  he  stopped  in  the 
middle  of  his  sermon  and  went  down  to  one  of  his  elders  and 
borrowed  a  chew,  and  then  returned  and  finished  his  sermon. 
His  son.  Dr.  Duncan,  was  for  many  years  a  very  distinguished 
member  of  Congress  from  Cincinnati.  Publications:  A  Treat- 
ise on  the  Covenant  of  Works;  Man's  Fall  and  his  Recovery 
through  Jesus  Christ,  1813;  a  Treatise  on  Civil  Government 
and  the  Extent  of  the  Civil  Powers  respecting  Religion,  to 
which  were  added  some  strictures  on  a  late  publication  en- 
titled, "The  Two  Sons  of  Oil;"  on  Slavery,  1824. 

DUNCAN,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  15,  1822,  in  Londonderry,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Madison,  Antrim,  O.,  in  1847,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1850,  by  Second  Ohio, 
and  was  ordained  Sept.  nth  of  the  same  year  by  the  same 
Pres. ;  was  pastor  of  Lebanon,  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  Sept.,  1850 
-Oct.  ,'74,  and  New  Salem  until  Aug.  30,  '54;  of  First  Cedar 
Rapids,  la.,  Mar.  3,  1875-Nov.  5,  '84;  S.  S.,  Goldfield,  Wright 
Co.,  la.,  July  1,1884.  Publications:  Some  Sermons  and  Ad- 
dresses. 


THE   MINISTRY.  3II 

DUNCAN,  James  Matthews: 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1850,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed,  Ap.  11,  1882,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  9,  '85,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Oak  Grove,  Butler  Co., 
Pa.,  June  9,  1885-July,  '87. 
DUNCAN,  John  Mason,  D.  D-  (A.  R.)*: 

Grandson  of  Dr.  John  Mason,  of  New  York;  was  born  in 
July,  1790,  in  Philadelphia.  When  his  grandmother  was  re- 
turning from  a  visit  to  Ireland  the  provisions  on  their  ship 
became  exhausted,  and  the  grave  question  arose  how  they 
were  to  subsist.  The  conclusion  of  their  deliberations  was 
that  all  on  board  should  determine  by  lot  who  should  be  sac- 
rificed to  keep  the  rest  alive.  His  grandmother,  Mrs.  Mar- 
garet Duncan,  was  one  of  those  upon  whom  the  fatal  lot  fell. 
She  then  made  a  solemn  vow  that  if  God  would  spare  her  life 
by  bringing  the  ship  soon  to  land  she  would,  by  His  help, 
erect  a  church  in  commemoration  of  this  supplicated  deliver- 
ance. In  a  few  hours  the  Capes  of  the  Delaware  were  discov- 
ered, and  the  crew  and  passengers  were  all  saved  from  canni- 
balism or  death  by  starvation.  She  was  subsequently  able  to 
provide  the  means,  and  a  church  was  built,  which  for  many 
years  stood  in  Philadelphia  on  13th  street  above  Market,  and 
in  which  Dr.  Dales  preached  almost  a  score  of  years,  and  from 
the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  which  his  present  church  on  Race 
street  was  largely  built.  Until  the  day  of  her  death  she 
rigidly  kept  the  anniversary  of  her  vow  in  strict  retirement 
and  in  fasting  and  prayer. 

Dr.  Duncan  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1805,  at  the  early  age  of  fifteen;  studied  theology  with  his 
uncle  in  the  Seminary  in  New  York;  licensed  in  181 1  by  the 
Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  ordained  in  Aug.,  '12,  by  the  same, 
and  installed  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  which  relation  he  maintained  until  his  death, 
which  took  place  Ap.  30,  1851,  from  paralysis.  His  last  ut- 
terance was,  ' '  The  Lord  is  my  portion. ' ' 

In  the  union  of  1822  he  went  into  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
when  his  Pres.  (the  old  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.,  but  after  the  union 
the  Second  Pres.  of  Philadelphia)  saw  fit  to  dissolve  in  the 


312  THK   MINISTRY. 

autumn  of  1824,  according  to  the  terms  of  the  union,  that  the 
members  might  attach  themselves  to  the  other  Presbyteries 
within  the  bounds  of  which  they  resided,  the  Baltimore  Pres. 
refused  to  receive  him  because  of  his  denunciation  of  creeds, 
as  held  forth  in  a  sermon  preached  the  previous  summer  be- 
fore the  Theological  Seminary  at  Princeton,  N.  J,,  under  the 
title  of  "A  Plea  for  Ministerial  I^iberty."  Mr.  Duncan  then 
declared  himself  independent  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  in 
conjunction  with  two  or  three  others  organized  an  "Indepen- 
dent Presbytery."  The  Synod  of  Baltimore,  when  it  refused 
to  sustain  his  appeal  in  1825,  declared  his  pastoral  relation 
dissolved  and  attached  his  Ch.  to  the  Pres.  of  Baltimore.  The 
great  majority  of  his  congregation  remained  with  him  and 
shared  his  fortunes  to  the  last.  A  small  minority  seceded 
and  sued  for  the  church  edifice,  but  were  unsuccessful.  Hence 
the  congregation  is  known  to  this  day  as  the  Asso.  Ref.,  al- 
though in  connection  with  the  Southern  Presbyterian  Ch. 
under  the  pastoral  supervision  of  Dr.  Layburn.  Publications: 
A  Plea  for  Ministerial  Liberty,  1824;  A  Reply  to  Dr.  Miller 
in  the  Duncan  Case,  i2mo.,  1826;  An  Essay  on  the  Origin, 
Character  and  Tendency  of  Creeds  as  Instruments  of  Eccle- 
siastical Power,  i2mo.,  1834;  Lectures  on  the  General  Princi- 
ples of  Moral  Government,  as  exhibited  in  the  first  three 
chapters  of  Genesis,  1832;  The  Eunuch's  Confession,  or  Scrip- 
tural Views  of  the  Sonship  of  Jesus  Christ;  A  Fast  Day  Ser- 
mon. 

DUNLAP,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  15,  1757,  in  Lanarkshire,  Scotland;  came 
to  America  with  his  father  in  1774,  and  served  in  the  army  of 
the  Revolution;  made  a  profession  of  religion  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ; 
was  classically  educated  at  an  academy  in  New  Jersey,  and 
studied  theology  with  the  elder  Dr.  Mason  in  New  York;  was 
licensed  Oct.  13,  1789,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  was 
ordained  July  22,  '91,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Cambridge, 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  1791-Sept.  3,  '16;  was  mission- 
ary in  Central  New  York  under  the  care  of  the  Young  Men's 
Missionary  Society  of  New  York,  1816-22;  retired  to  Cam- 
bridge and  supplied  vacant  pulpits  as  he  found  it  convenient 
until  his  death.  He  died  Mar.  7,  1829,  ^^^^^  ^  cancer,  after 
having  submitted  to  a  painful  surgical  operation. 


THE   MINISTRY.  313 

DUNLAP,  William  Edgar: 

Was  born  Feb.  26,  1850,  near  Newville,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Allegheny ;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1877,  by  Sidney,  and  ordained, 
sine  tihdo^  Sept.  25,  '79,  by  Kansas;  was  S.  S.  at  Topeka, 
Kans.,  May,  1879-82;  S.  S.  Salineville,  O. ;  pastor  at  Boy- 
den,  la.,  Feb.  12,  1886- 
DUNN,  John  Beveridge  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  17,  1832,  in  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1853,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1856,  by  the  Pres.  of  Albany,  and 
ordained  Nov.  12,  '57,  by  Cambridge;  was  pastor  of  E.  Green- 
wich, Washington  Co. ,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1857-Sept.  24,  '61;  died 
unmarried  at  his  old  home  Feb.  3,  1862,  from  consumption. 
DUNN,  William  Craine: 

Was  born  Ap.  3,  1837,  at  Utica,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminister  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1863,  by  Michigan 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  12,  '65,  by  Sidney;  was  pastor  of 
Huntsville,  O.,  Ap.,  1865-Feb.  '70;  of  Scroggsville,  O.,  since 
May,  1871. 
DYSART,  Joseph  P. : 

Was  born  in  New  York  City  in  1841  and  reared  in  Dela- 
ware Co. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1865,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  1867,  by  Delaware  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  14,  '70,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  Harrisville, 
O.,  June,  1870-N0V.  2,  1870,  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  was  pastor  in  Albany  i87i-'3;  of  the  Dutch  church  in 
Glen,  N.  Y.,  i874-'9,  Presbyterian  Ch.,  N.  Granville,  N.  Y., 
i88o-'83,  and  is  now  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

DYSART,  Thomas  H.*: 

Was  born  Feb.  9,  1835,  at  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  June  12,  i860,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  June, 
'61,  by  Chillicothe;  was  pastor  of  Fall  Creek,  Highland  Co., 
O.,  June,  i86i-'62;  Urbana,  O.,  Dec.  2,  1862,  until  his  death. 
He  labored  six  weeks  in  the  service  of  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion, and  died  Aug.  2,  1864,  from  camp  diarrhoea. 
20 


314  THE   MINISTRY. 

DYSART,  Thomas  Perry*: 

Was  born  Sept.  6,  1836,  at  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  16,  '63,  by  Des  Moines;  was  pastor  of  Somerset,  la.,  Ap., 
1863-N0V.,  '67;  of  Shiloh,  Ind.,  Aug.  10,  1869-Nov.  30,  '73; 
of  Lexington  and  Utica,  O.,  July  i,  1875-Sept.  i,  '79;  of 
Olathe,  Kan.,  July  21,  1880,  until  his  death,  Aug.  23,  1882,  of 
typhoid  fever. 

EASTON,  John  S.,  D.  D.,  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  7,  1806,  in  Ancrum,  near  Jedburgh,  Scot- 
land, and  reared  principally  in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  24,  1834,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained 
by  the  same  May  5,  '36;  was  pastor  of  Stone  Valley,  Lewis- 
town  and  Kishacoquillas,  in  Penn.,  May,  1836-Feb.  20,  '55; 
Scroggsfield  and  Yellow  Creek,  O.,  March,  i855-'66;  of  Brad- 
dock's  Field,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec,  21,  1869-Sept.  5,  '76; 
was  several  years  assistant  editor  of  the  United  Presbyterian^ 
and  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1872.  Died  July 
25,  1879,  from  paralysis. 

EASTON,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland,  and  became  pastor  of 
the  Burgher  Ch.,  of  Morpeth,  in  the  Pres.,  of  Cold  Stream, 
and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  Oct.,  1802,  with  Dr.  John  M.  Mason, 
and  labored  for  six  months  under  the  direction  of  the  Pres- 
bytery of  New  York;  joined  the  Pres.  of  Washington  in  July, 
1803,  and  while  laboring  in  its  northern  portion  received  a 
call  from  the  Scotch  congregation  of  St.  Philip  Street,  Mon- 
treal, Canada,  which  he  accepted  in  1804.  After  the  war 
with  England,  1812-'  15,  had  interrupted  his  relations  with  his 
Presbytery  and  the  U.  S.,  he  never  renewed  them,  and  in  1818 
he  and  several  other  ministers  organized  the  Presbytery  of 
Upper  Canada,  subordinate  to  the  Burgher  Synod  of  Scot- 
land. 

EASTON,  William,  D.  D.,  (A.)*: 

Elder  brother  of  John  S. ;  was  born  Oct.  2,   1804,  in  An- 
crum,   Scotland;  came   when  a  lad  to  Argyle,   N.    Y. ;  was 


THE   MINISTRY,  315 

graduated  at  Union  in  1822,  and  studied  theology  at  Phila- 
delphia under  Dr.  Banks;  was  licensed  June  7,  1826,  by  the 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same,  and  installed 
in  Octoraro,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  June  7,  1827;  resigned  Oct. 
22,  '78,  and  died  June  12,  1879,  Publications:  A  Memorial 
Sermon,  preached  on  the  forty-fifth  anniversary  of  his  minis- 
try', June  9,  1872;  also  a  number  of  elaborate  controversial 
papers. 
EDGAR,  John: 

Was  born  Aug.  24,  1828,  in  Buenos  Ayres,  in  the  Argen- 
tine Republic,  S.  A. ,  and  in  early  years  was  brought  to  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1849,  ^^^  studied 
theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  June  2,  1857,  by  the 
Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained  Nov.  16,  '59,  by  Caledonia; 
pastor  of  Sterling,  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1859-May  5, 
'74;  was  elected  June,  1874,  to  the  Professorship  of  English 
Literature  in  Westminster  College,  and  in  1875,  transferred 
to  the  chair  of  Latin.  Died  Dec.  15,  1880,  of  scarlet  fever. 
EDIE,  Joseph  Austin,  (A.): 

Was  born  Aug.  25,  1827,  i^  Clinton,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1855,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  7,  '57,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  North 
Henderson,  111.,  May,  1857-Oct.  '69;  Clayton,  Adams  Co., 
111.,  Dec,  1869-Ap.  4,  '78;  of  Four  Mile,  Beaver  Co.,  June 
22,  1880-June  '86.  He  was  Sec.  of  the  Board  of  Education 
for  fourteen  years,  1 859-' 73,  and  member  of  the  Senate  of 
Monmouth  College  i859-'78. 

EDIE,  William  Alexander: 

Was  born  Sept.,  27,  1848,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  educated 
at  Allegheny  Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1874,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  19,  '75,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Oct., 
1875-July  8,  '79;  at  Beaver,  Pa.,  Dec.  21,  1880-Jan.  23,  '87; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at  Connellsville,  Pa. 
EKIN,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1812,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  by  the  Western  University  in  1835,  and  studied 


3l6  THE   MINISTRY. 

theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  ii,  1838,  by  Monon- 
galiela  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  2,  '39,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  May,  1839- 
Aug.,  '39;  of  Union,  Allegheny  Co.,  Dec,  1839-Dec.  27, '53; 
of  the  First  Asso.  Ref.,  Pittsburgh,  Ap.  11,  1854-Nov.  3,  '57. 
In  1858  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  was  for  a  short 
time  pastor  in  Le  Claire,  la. ;  he  then  took  charge  of  Monroe, 
in  Louisiana,  but  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  war  was 
compelled  to  flee  north;  was  for  a  season  clerk  in  the  Quarter- 
master's Department  with  his  kinsman.  Gen.  James  A.  Ekin; 
was  four  years  in  charge  of  a  Female  Seminary  in  Xenia,  O., 
then  pastor  in  Topeka,  Kan.,  where  he  died  Sept.  30,  1869. 
Publication:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  I  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Church. 
ELDER,  Alexander  Harry: 

Was  bom  Nov.  12,  1835,  at  Pleasant  Unity,  Westmoreland 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  ^^^  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1862,  by  West- 
moreland Pres.,  and  ordained  July  7,  '63,  by  the  same;  pastor 
of  McKeesport,  1863-Sept.,  1875;  of  New  Lisbon,  O.,  Jan. 
30,  1877-Ap.  II,  '82;  S.  S.  Second  Cleveland,  O.,  i883-'6; 
pastor  of  Cleveland  since  July,  1887.  Publication:  The  Com- 
ing Man:  a  Lecture. 

ELLIOTT,  James  Couch: 

Was  born  Jan.  6,  1830,  near  Sparta,  111. ;  was  graduated  at 
the  Indiana  State  University  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  May  7,  1862,  by  St.  Louis  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  7,  '63,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Wyoming, 
Wis., Dec,  1863-Feb.  12,  '68;  Bethel,  in  Perry  Co.,  111.,  since 
Oct.  15,  1868. 

ELLIOTT,  James  Henry: 

Was  born  Aug.  29,  1836,  at  Fair  Haven,  Preble  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  July  11,  1866,  by  First  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  17,  '68,  by  Nebraska;  S.  S.  at  Pawnee  City, 
Neb.,  1 868-' 9;  pastor  of  Sycamore  and  Hopkinsville,  O., 
Jan.,  i87a-Ap.  6,  '80;  of  Crawfordsville,  la.,  since  Oct.  21, 
1881. 


THE   MINISTRY.  317 

ELLIOTT,  Robert  A. : 

Was  born  Nov.  13,  1861,  at  Murray sville,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1883,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1886,  by  Westmore- 
land Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  30,  '87,  by  Albany;  pastor  at 
Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

ENGLISH,  John  W.  : 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1849,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  12,  1879,  by  Wabash  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
30,  '79,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of  Robinson  Run  since  ordi- 
nation. 

ERSKINE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1820,  in  county  Monaghan,  Ireland,  and  edu- 
cated at  Belfast,  and  licensed  by  the  Presbytery  of  Monaghan, 
in  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  came  to  America  in  1851,  and  was 
ordained  Jan.  8,  '52,  by  Saratoga;  was  pastor  at  N.  Kortright, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1852-Sept.,  '60,  and  at  Graham's 
Church,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar.  13,  1861,  till  death,  Sept. 
26,  1885. 

ERSKINE,  William  Ralph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  17,  1819,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  in  1845,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1850,  by  Steubenville  Pres. , 
and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '52,  by  Second  Illinois;  pastor  at  Elli- 
son, 111.,  May  15,  1852-June  15,  '58;  of  White  Oak  Grove, 
111.,  May  2,  1859-Oct.  II,  '65;  of  Scroggsfield,  O.,  June  11, 
1867-Jan.,  '70;  of  Berea,  Franklin  Co.,  Kan.,  Ap.  12,  1871- 
Sept.  4,  '73;  of  Olena,  111.,  Ap.  30,  1874,  until  death,  which 
occurred  Feb.  5,  1875. 

EVANS,  John  Calvin: 

Was  born  Oct.  22,  1838,  in  Connoquinessing,  Butler  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  June  19,  1866,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  17,  '67,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Four  Mile,  Sept., 
1867-June,  '71;  of  Remington  and  Oakland,  Beaver  Co.,  Ap., 
1872-Sept.,  '79,  and  of  Columbus,  Neb.,  Ap.,  i88o-'83;  sus- 
pended from  the  ministry  in  1884  for  dishonesty. 


3l8  THE   MINISTRY. 

EWING,  Robert  Boyd,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1827,  in  Wayne  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  privately  with  Dr. 
Wishart;  was  licensed  in  Aug.,  1857,  ^Y  Muskingum  Pres,, 
and  ordained  Jan.  20,  '59,  by  Xenia;  pastor  of  Second  Ch., 
Xenia,  1859-Jan.  14,  '68;  First  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111.,  Ap., 
1868-Dec.  28,  '69;  of  the  Sixth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  since  Mar. 
29,  1870;  was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1877. 

EWING,  Samuel  Currie,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  20,  1831,  near  Irwin  Station,  in  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1856,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1859,  by  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  ordained  May  9,  '60,  by  the  same.  The 
General  Assembly  of  1859  selected  him  to  go  as  missionary  to 
China  when  his  studies  were  completed,  but  in  i860  his  des- 
ignation was  changed  to  Egypt.  He  sailed  Oct.  6,  i860,  and 
landed  at  Alexandria  Nov.  13;  has  itinerated  in  both  Lower 
and  Upper  Egypt,  but  has  labored  principally  in  Alexandria 
and  Cairo. 

EWING,  William  D. : 

Brother  of  Samuel  C. ;  was  born  Sept.  3,  1836,  at  Irwin 
Station,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Franklin 
in  1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
II,  1866,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  22,  '70, 
by  Butler;  pastor  of  Centreville  and  Bethel,  Butler  Co.,  Feb. 
22,  1870-June  15,  '86. 
FAIREEY,  James  L.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Ireland,  and  licensed  by  the 
Monaghan  Pres. ;  was  received  Aug.  27,  1849,  ^Y  ^^^  Asso. 
Ref.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  ordained  Feb.  14,  '50,  by  the 
same,  sine  titulo;  was  pastor  of  Third  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  Phila- 
delphia, Sept.  26,  1850-Dec.  22,  '52;  of  Venice,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  June  28,  1853-Dec.  25,  '55;  Rehoboth  and  Mt. 
Nebo,  same  county.  May,  1856-69;  S.  S.  at  White  Oak 
Grove,  111.,  i872-'4;  at  Lodi  and  Belleflower,  111.,  i874-'6, 
and  pastor  there  since  Dec,  1876. 
FARIES,  Isaiah  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  22,  1822,  at  Charlestown,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 


THE   MINISTRY.  319 

ated  at  Miami  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was 

licensed  in  Mar.,  1849,  by  First  Ohio,  and  ordained  Dec.  14, 

'52,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Beulah,  N.   Y.,  1852-spring  of 

'58;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1859,  ^^^  "^^^  pastor  of 

Phelps,  N.   Y.,   1859-65,  and   now  resides  in  Minneapolis, 

Minn. 

FARMER,  Samuel  F.  (A.): 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1824,  i^  Robinson  township,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  and  was  educated  at  Franklin;  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  20,  1854,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  15,  '55,  by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  Wil- 
liamsburg, Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1855-61.  In  1861  he 
united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  Prof,  in  Highland 
University,  Kan. ;  is  now  at  Belle  Vernon,  Pa. 
FARRAR,  James  McNall: 

Was  born  June  i6,  1853,  at  Candor,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1875,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton,  N.  J, ;  was  licensed  in  May,  1878,  by  Frankford, 
and  ordained  Dec.  10,  '78,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  Harris- 
ville,  O.,  from  ordination  till  June  10,  1884;  of  4th  Philadel- 
phia since  Sept.  29,  1884. 

FARRINGTON,  Thomas  T.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  182 1,  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1839,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  spent  two 
years  before  the  mast  in  a  whaling  voyage  in  the  Pacific 
ocean  on  account  of  his  health;  was  licensed  in  May,  1845, 
by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  12,  '46,  by  Caledonia; 
was  pastor  of  Geneva,  N,  Y.,  1846-50;  of  Salem,  N.  Y., 
June  II,  1850-Aug.  4,  '57.  In  Dec,  1857,  he  was  installed 
pastor  at  Oxbow,  N.  Y. ,  and  refused  to  go  into  the  union  of 
1858,  and  remained  in  the  residuary  Synod  of  New  York.  In 
'64  he  went  to  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  as  the  successor  of  Dr.  Mc- 
Carrell,  where  he  died  suddenly  from  apoplexy  while  walking 
in  his  garden  preparatory  to  preaching  on  the  5th  of  June, 
1875- 
FEE,  Robert  Newton  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  3,  1822,  in  Chester  District,  S.  C. ;  was 
graduated  at  the  Indiana  State  University  in  1844,  and  studied 


320  THE   MINISTRY. 

theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1847,  by  Indiana 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  29,  '49,  by  Illinois;  pastor  of  Oska- 
loosa,  la.,  Nov.,  1849-Ap.,  '55;  of  Harrison,  la.,  Sept.,  1855- 
Ap.,  '61;  Jordan's  Grove,  111.,  Oct.,  1862-Ap.,  '71;  one  year 
missionary  in  Washington  Territory;  four  years  missionary 
and  teacher  among  the  Nez  Perce  Indians;  missionary  to  the 
Warm  Spring  Indians,  in  Oregon,  i878-'9;  retired  to  Lewis- 
ton,  Idaho,  as  an  invalid,  and  died  there  Mar.  12,  1887. 

FERGUS,  Alexander  Gilfillan  (A.  R.)*: 

Born  Nov.  18,  1823,  ^^  Elizabeth,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  in  1845  with  the  first  honors  of  his  class,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1850,  by 
Blairsville  Pres.,  and  by  the  same  ordained  Sept.  2,  '51,  and 
installed  pastor  of  Sewickly  and  W.  Newton,  in  Westmore- 
land Co.,  and  died  on  the  30th  of  the  same  month  from  in- 
flammation of  the  bowels.  Yet  during  this  short  pastorate  of 
less  than  a  month  he  was  permitted  to  perform  all  the  duties 
peculiar  to  the  ministerial  office,  for  he  sat  as  a  member  of 
Presbytery  and  of  Synod,  received  members  into  the  church, 
baptized,  administered  the  Lord's  Supper,  and  ordained  a 
ruling  elder.  Publication:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  III.  of  the 
Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

FERGUSON,  Harvey  Thompson: 

Was  born  Aug.  24,  1846,  in  Richland  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Ohio  Central  College  in  187 1,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  23,  1874,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  23,  '75,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  of  Living  Lake 
and  Grand  Prairie,  Washington  Co.,  la.,  June  27,  1875-Ap. 
24,  '82;  Sunny  Dale,  Kan.,  since  1884. 
FERGUSON,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  and  educated  in  Scotland;  was  received 
Ap.  I,  1821,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  as  a  licentiate  from  the 
Pres.  of  Tyrone,  Ireland;  was  ordained  by  Monongahela  in 
Sept.,  1823,  ^^^  installed  as  pastor  of  Harmony  and  connec- 
tions; was  deposed  from  the  ministry  June  23,  1824,  for  drunk- 
enness. 

FERGUSON,  James  Alexander: 

Was  born  May  5,   1851,  in  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at 


THE   MINISTRY.  321 

Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  one  year  at  Mon- 
mouth with  Dr.  Scott,  one  year  at  Allegheny,  and  one  year  in 
Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1877,  by  Rock 
Island  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  6,  '79,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor 
of  Newton  and  Palo  Alto,  la.,  from  his  ordination  until  Nov. 
9,  '82;  S.  S.  at  Loveland,  Colo.,  1883,  and  pastor  since  Sept. 
12,  '84. 
FERGUSON,  Robert  Gracey,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  16,  1842,  at  Dry  Run,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1865,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  17,  '66,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  of  Mercers- 
burg  and  the  Cove,  1866-June,  '74,  and  of  Butler,  Pa.,  Jan. 
18,  1875-July  8,  '84;  President  of  Westminster  College  since 
1884. 
FERGUSON,  William  H.  : 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1873,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  by  Detroit  in  Sept.  1878,  and  ordained 
Sept.  9,  '85,  by  Central  Illinois;  spent  some  years  in  teach- 
ing, and  has  been  pastor  at  Piper  City,  111. ,  since  ordination. 

FERRIER,  Thomas  (A.)=^: 

Was  born  in  1782  in  Perth,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  at  Edinburgh ;  was 
licensed  in  181 2,  and  labored  for  some  years  as  missionary  in 
the  Orkney  Islands;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  182 1,  and  was  or- 
dained Sept.  27,  '22,  by  Cambridge  Pres. ;  pastor  of  Ryegate, 
Vt,  1822-July  6,  '25;  was  four  years  S.  S.  in  Upper  Canada; 
itinerated  for  a  time,  and  then  began  preaching  at  Apple 
River,  Jo  Daviess  Co.,  111.,  in  Nov.,  1840,  and  was  pastor  of 
the  same  1844-53;  ^i^^  i^  Galena,  Mar.  20,  1854. 

FIELDS,  Alexander  Ballantyne*: 

Was  born  Oct.  16,  1835,  at  Shirland,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1857,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  11,  1861,  by  Westmoreland 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  4,  '62,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Mt. 
Pleasant  and  Madison,  Nov.,  1862-Nov.,  '67;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  after  filling  several  pastorates  was  injured 
by  the  cars,  and  died  Oct.  15,  1886,  at  Brockwayville,  Pa. 


322  THE   MINISTRY. 

FIFE,  James  Hultz  (A.  R.)  *: 

Was  born  Aug.  ii,  1821,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1843,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1847,  by  Monongaliela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  25,  '49,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  of  Fairview, 
Lawrenceburg  and  Mt.  Varnum  Ap.,  1849-Dec.,  '55;  of  Mt. 
Pleasant  and  Laurel  Hill  from  1856  until  his  death,  July  26, 
1861,  from  dysenter}^ 
FINDLEY,  James  Galloway  Dinwiddie: 

Son  of  Dr.  William;  was  born  Dec.  10,  1839,  in  Butler 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1861,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  15,  1867,  by  Mer- 
cer Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  14,  '69,  by  First  New  York; 
pastor  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination.  He  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  8ist  Ohio  regiment  of  volunteers  Aug.  11, 
1862;  promoted  Sergeant  Major  immediately;  First  Lieuten- 
ant, Jan.  3,  1864,  and  Adjutant  in  March;  was  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Winchester,  Va.,  Sept.,  19,  1864,  and  mustered 
out  July  I,  1865. 
FINDLEY,  John  JuNKiN,  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  William;  was  born  in  Mercer  Pa.,  May  25, 
1815;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1837,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  1840,  by  Lake 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  12,  '42,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Waterford  and  McKean,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  1841-Nov.  22,  '53; 
turned  to  secular  pursuits,  and  died  Feb.  6,  1862. 

FINDLEY,  John  Ross  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  in  Sept.,  1829,  in 
Washington  Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin 
and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap.  1852,  by 
Chillicothe  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Oct.,  '53,  by  Springfield; 
pastor  of  Urbana,  O.,  Oct.,  1853-Sept.  '56;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  is  at  Bradford,  Pa. 

FINDLEY,  Samuel,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  11,  1786,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.  The 
family  was  of  Covenanter  stock.  When  fourteen  years  old  he 
heard  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Black,  of  Pittsburgh  (just  ordained), 
preach  in  a  grove  near  his  father's  farm,  in  Butler  Co.,  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  323 

was  SO  miich  impressed  that  when  going  home  he  turned  aside 
into  the  woods,  and,  kneeling  by  a  fallen  tree,  dedicated  him- 
self to  the  work  of  the  gospel  ministry,  resolving  to  serve  his 
father  faithfully  until  twenty-one  years  old,  and  then  to  ask 
for  his  liberty  to  shift  for  himself.  Three  years  afterward  his 
father  opened  a  little  country  store  and  made  him  the  clerk. 
In  stocking  the  store  some  school  books  were  purchased,  and 
by  some  mistake  or  providence  a  Latin  grammar  appeared  in 
the  lot.  This  he  appropriated  and  began  the  study  of  Latin  at 
night,  which  he  pursued  with  such  assiduity  for  a  year  and  a 
half  as  to  injure  his  eyesight  and  general  health,  and  compel 
cessation.  About  1806  he  and  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Taggart  put 
themselves  under  the  tuition  of  the  Rev.  Alex.  Calderhead, 
of  Belmont  Co. ,  O. ,  and  studied  the  languages  and  sciences 
until  1809,  when  they  were  received  as  students  of  theology 
and  sent  to  the  Seminary  in  New  York.  In  1810,  through 
the  influence  of  his  uncle,  the  Hon.  William  Findley,  of 
Westmoreland  Co.,  then  in  Congress,  he  was  appointed  to 
take  the  census  of  Butler  Co. ,  and  this  brought  him  a  liberal 
compensation  sufficient  to  sustain  him  during  the  remainder 
of  his  student's  life.  He  was  licensed  Sept.  2,  1813,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  22,  '14,  by  the  same. 
At  ordination  he  was  installed  pastor  of  West  Middletown  and 
Cross  Roads,  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ,  and  Short  Creek,  Ohio 
Co.,  Va. ;  was  released  from  the  first  June  12,  1822,  from  the 
second  in  1820,  and  from  the  last  Sept.  8,  1824.  ^^  the 
bounds  of  the  Short  Creek  congregation  he  established  and 
carried  on  the  "Union  Academy."  About  1820  his  health 
began  to  fail,  yet  he  continued  to  preach  when  unable  to 
stand  up,  and  delivered  his  discourses  from  a  reclining  pos- 
ture. He  finally  became  unable  to  do  even  this,  and  in  1823 
went  to  New  York  and  submitted  to  a  painful  surgical  opera- 
tion, which  retained  him  there  for  six  months.  During  all  this 
time  the  Rev.  Dr.  Knox  took  him  to  his  home  and  family  and 
tenderly  nursed  him  for  the  Saviour's  sake.  When  suffi- 
ciently restored  to  resume  labor  he  sought  a  new  charge,  and 
in  the  spring  of  1824  commenced  preaching  to  the  united 
charge  of  Washington,  Fairview  and  Miller's  Fork,  Guern- 
sey Co.,  O.,  although  he  was  not  formally  dismissed  from  his 


324  THE   MINISTRY. 

old  charge  and  certified  to  the  Second  Pres.,  of  Ohio  until 
Sept.,  1824.  I^  1836  he  resigned  Washington  and  Fairview, 
and  confined  his  labors  to  Miller's  Fork,  now  called  Antrim, 
until  1855,  when  he  resigned  to  take  the  agency  of  raising 
funds  for  the  founding  of  Madison  College  at  Antrim. 

•  He  was  a  man  of  great  energy  and  activity  in  devising  and 
carrying  out  schemes  of  usefulness.  While  in  Virginia  he 
established  a  classical  academy,  and  did  the  same  in  Washing- 
ton and  in  Antrim,  O.  The  last  he  had  erected  into  a  col- 
lege, and  while  engaged  in  raising  means  to  establish  it  firmly 
he  was,  in  1856,  stricken  with  paralysis,  which  terminated 
his  active  labors  and  caused  the  miscarriage  of  his  educational 
scheme.  He  rallied  so  as  to  be  able  to  preach  occasionally, 
but  his  work  was  virtually  done.  He  resided  mainly  there- 
after with  his  eldest  son,  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  T. ,  and  died 
in  his  family  in  Newark,  N.  J. ,  Feb.  22,  1870.  He  inaugu- 
rated the  era  of  periodical  literature  in  the  Asso.  Ref  Church 
in  the  west  by  commencing  the  monthly  publication  of  the 
Religious  Exajniner  in  1827,  which  he  continued  until  the 
beginning  of  1835,  and  then  passed  it  over  to  Dr.  David 
MacDill  to  be  combined  with  his  periodical.  Publications: 
Two  Sermons,  in  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 
FINDLEY,  Samuel,  Jr.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  Oct.  26,  1818,  at  West  Mid- 
dletown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  when  five  years  old  was  taken 
by  his  father  to  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ,  where  he  was  reared;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  July  7,  1841,  by  Second  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained, sine  titido^  Oct.  12,  '42,  by  the  same;  S.  S.  for  a  year 
at  Lafayette,  Ind;  pastor  of  Troy  and  Sulphur  Springs,  in 
Richland  Co.,  Oct.,  i843-'6;  ill  health  turned  him  to  teach- 
ing, and  he  became  Principal  of  the  Academy  at  Edinburgh, 
Wayne  Co.,  and  the  Academy  at  Chillicothe;  was  President 
of  Madison  College  at  Antrim,  O.,  i853-'6,  and  for  a  short 
time  Principal  of  Urbana  Female  Seminar}\  In  Oct.,  1856, 
he  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  the 
Sixth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  May,  i857-'6i;  Prof,  of  Logic  and 
Rhetoric  in  the  Western  University  i86i-'3;  taught  a  classi- 
cal school  in  Pittsburgh  i863-'5;  pastor  of  Fourth  Ch.,  Day- 


THE   MINISTRY.  325 

ton,  O.,  i865-'7o;  Carlisle  Station,  Warren  Co.,  iSyo-'S,  and 
S.  S.  at  Somerville,  Butler  Co.,  O.,  i879-'84,  and  is  at  Roxa- 
bell,  O.  He  was  two  years  and  a  half  editor  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vajiia  Teacher,  a  monthly  magazine,  and  has  been  corres- 
ponding member  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 
Publication:  Rambles  Among  Insects,   iSmo.,  pp.  280,  1878. 

FINDLEY,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  4,  1808,  in  Mercer,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1828,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Princeton;  was  licensed  May  16,  1832,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  25,  '37,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Prospect 
and  White  Oak  Spring,  Butler  Co.,  May,  i837-'57,  exchang- 
ing the  latter  for  Portersville  in  1851;  of  Shenango  July  1859 
-'66;  for  fifteen  years  associated  with  Westminster  College  as 
professor  or  financial  agent;  pastor  of  Williamsford  and  Ches- 
ley,  Canada,  July  7,  1876-Ap.  15,  '79.  Died  May  9,  1886. 
FINDLEY,  William  Abel: 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  1839,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1865,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  3,  '67,  by  First  New  York;  pastor  of  East 
Eleventh  St.,  New  York,  Ap.  i867-'8;  at  Chetopa,  Kan., 
1870-Dec.  19,  1872.  Without  charge  at  Independence,  Mo., 
since  1873. 
FINDLEY,  William  Thornton,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  June  2,  1814,  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1838,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  12,  1839, 
by  Second  Ohio,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo,  Ap.  19,  '43,  by  the 
same;  pastor  of  Chillicothe,  O.,  i844-'55.  In  1855  he  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Springfield,  O.,  1855 
-'9;  of  Xenia,  1859-69,  and  has  been  pastor  in  Newark,  N. 
J.,  since  1869.  Publications:  Some  twenty-two  separate  Ser- 
mons and  Addresses,  1847-80. 
FINNEY,  James  Patterson: 

Was  born  Feb.  27,  1837,  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Jefferson,  Co., 
O. :  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1861,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,   1865,  by  Mansfield 


326  THE   MINISTRY. 

Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Nov.  15,  '66,  by  Wabash; 
was  S.  S.  of  Carnahan  Creek,  Kan.,  1867-71;  pastor  of 
Unity,  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Oct.,  1871-Aug.  23,  '76;  of  Hopewell, 
Kan.,  since  June  19,  1879. 

FINNEY,  James  R.*: 

Was  born  in  1834  in  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  was  "^graduated  at 
Miami  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
June  26,  1866,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  20,  '67,  by 
Kansas;  was  pastor  of  Prosperity,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  May  i, 
1868- Ap.  16,  '73;  died  July  18,  1873. 
FINNEY,  RuFUS  C. : 

Was  born  Mar.  23,  1849,  ^^  ^^w  Plymouth,  Vinton  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1873,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1877,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  23,  '78,  by  First  Ohio;  pastor  of 
Unity,  Butler  Co.,  O.,  Ap.,  '78-July  i,  '87;  was  principal  of 
Coulterville  Academy,  111.,  for  two  years. 

FINNEY,  Thomas  J. : 

Was  born  Sept. ,  12,  1852,  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Jefferson  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1878,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1881,  by  Mansfield 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '82,  by  the  same;  sailed  in  Sept., 
'82, -for  the  foreign  field,  and  is  located  at  Mansoora,  Egypt. 
FISHER,  Jacob  P.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1812,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1839,  ^^  fi^^^  graduate  of  the  institution, 
and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  the  sum- 
mer of  1843  ^y  Muskingum  Pres., and  ordained  Oct,  27,  '44, 
by  Miami;  pastor  of  Cherry  Fork,  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Oct.,  1844 
-'52;  died  near  Washington,  Pa.,  Ap.  8,  1853,  from  cancer 
of  the  stomach. 
FISHER,  John  Robertson: 

Was  born  June  17,  1839,  in  Cambridge,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Williams  College,  Mass. ,  and  studied 
theology  at  Princeton;  was  licensed  May  2,  1865,  by  Argyle 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '66,  by  the  same;  pastor  in  Heb- 
ron, N.  Y.,  June,  1866-June,  '74;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  is  located  at  South  Orange,  N.  J. 


THE   MINISTRY.  327 

FISHER,  Junius  Adams*: 

Was  born  Oct.  26,  1854,  at  Portersville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1881,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained, sinetitulo^  May  3,  '81,  by  the  same,  and  died  Oct.  4, 
1881. 
FITZGERALD,  Samuel  G.  : 

Was  born  May  9,  1847,  in  Juniata  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1872,  by  Big  Spring  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  4,  '74,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  Fifth  Ch.,  Philadel- 
phia, May,  1874-Dec.  30,  '75,  and  of  Third  Ch.  since  Mar. 
7,  1876. 
FLICK,  Albert: 

Was  born  June  4,  1857,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  and  graduated 
at  Geneva  College,  Beaver  Falls,  Pa.;  in  1884;  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  29,  1886,  by  Beaver 
Valley  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  28,  '87,  by  Allegheny;  pas- 
tor of  Fleming  cong.,  Allegheny  Co.,   Pa.,  since  ordination. 

FORREST,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1768  in  Dunbar,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr. 
Lawson  at  the  Burgher  Hall;  was  ordained  in  1796;  was  pas- 
tor of  the  Associate  congregation  of  Saltcoate,  in  Ayrshire, 
1796-1802;  sailed  Sept.  i,  1802,  with  Dr.  John  M.  Mason, 
and  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  in  Oct.;  was  pastor  of  Pearl 
Street  in  New  York,  Ap.  26,  1804-June  14,  '08;  of  Stamford, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  15,  i8io-'43,  and  died  Mar.  17, 
1846.  Publications:  Conversion  of  an  Aged  Sinner,  a  Narra- 
tive, 1807;  Great  Encouragement  to  Perseverance  in  Mission- 
ary Labors,  a  Sermon,  1815;  A  Testimony  on  the  Doctrines 
of  Original  Sin  and  of  Atonement,  prepared  by  order  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York,  1831.  He  was  also 
a  liberal  contributor  to  the  Christian  Magazine,  i832-'42;  a 
Sermon,  in  Vol.  II.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church. 

FORRESTER,  Benton  John*: 

Was  born  June  12,  1845,  at  Prospect,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated   at  Monmouth  in  1870,   and   studied  theology  at 


328  THE   MINISTRY. 

Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1871,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  21,  '75,  by  Albany; 
pastor  of  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1875-Sept. 
30,  '76;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1878,  and  in  it  was 
pastor  of  Marlette,  Mich.,  Feb.  25,  1879-Ap.,  '81.  Died  at 
Prospect,  Pa.,  Nov.  22,  1883,  of  consumption. 
FORRESTER,  Robert  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Scotland,  and  spent  much  of  his  youth  in  Bal- 
timore, Md. ;  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
June  13,  1837,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  7,  '38, 
by  Richland ;  pastor  of  Truro,  Franklin  Co. ,  O. ,  from  his  or- 
dination until  his  death,  Nov.  i,  1861. 

FORSYTH,  David: 

Was  born  Jan.  30,  1829,  ^^  McConnellsburg,  Fulton  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1855;  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  July,  1858,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  15,  i860,  by  Butler;  was  pastor  of  Unity, 
Clintonville  and  Scotch  Hill,  1860-Oct.,  '67;  was  missionary 
to  the  freedmen  at  Leavenworth,  Kan. ;  pastor  of  Stanwood, 
la..  Mar.,  1873-Oct.,  '77;  of  New  Zion,  Neb.,  since  Sept.  6, 
1881. 
FORSYTH,  Hugh  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  3,  1817,  at  Rixville,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1841,  by  Second  Ohio,  and 
ordained  May  24,  '42,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at  ordina- 
tion over  Fairview  and  Washington,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  re- 
signed Washington,  Ap.,  '52,  and  Fairview,  Feb.,  '61;  S.  S. 
at  Barlow,  Washington  Co.,  i86i-'6;  at  Cambridge,  O., 
without  charge. 
FORSYTH,  James  B.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1844,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,  and  ordained  July  i,  '47,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Goshen,  Perry  Co.,  O.,  1847-51:  supplied  for  two  years  in 
Iowa,  and  died  at  Kingston  in  that  State  in  1853  °^  '54- 
FORSYTH,  James  C.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  24,  1826,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 


THE   MINISTRY.  329 

uated  at  Washington  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1851,  by  Blairsville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  27,  '52,  by  Steubenville;  pastor  of  Cadiz,  O., 
1852-8;  of  Salem,  N.  Y.,  June  29,  1858-May  14,  '70;  entered 
the  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Farmer  Village,  N.  Y., 
i87o-'5,  and  has  been  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Mont- 
gomery, N.  Y.,  since  1875. 
FORSYTH,  John,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  31,  1810,  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Rutgers  College,  N,  J.,  in  1829;  studied  theology  in 
Newburgh  under  Dr.  McCarrell,  in  Edinburgh  under  Dr. 
Chalmers,  and  in  Glasgow  under  Dr.  Dick ;  was  licensed  Ap. 
14,  1833,  by  the  Pres.  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  and  ordained 
July  2,  '34,  by  New  York;  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref  congrega- 
tion in  Philadelphia^i834-Dec.,  '36;  of  the  Union  Ch.,  New- 
burgh, N.  Y.,  1 837-' 47;  was  Prof  of  Biblical  Literature  in 
the  Theo.  Sem.,  Newburgh,  i837-'42;  Prof,  of  Latin  in 
Princeton  College  1847-53;  Prof  of  Biblical  Literature  and 
Ecclesiastical  History  in  the  Newburgh  Seminary  1 852-' 58; 
declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858,  and  united  with  the 
Ref  Dutch  Ch. ;  Prof  of  English  Language  and  Literature 
in  Rutgers  College  i860-' 3;  Prof,  of  Moral  Philosophy  and 
History  and  Chaplain  in  the  U.  S.  Military  Academy  at  West 
Point  1871-82.  Died  Oct.  17,  1886.  Publications:  Memoirs 
of  Alexander  Proudfit,  D.  D.,  1844;  Pastor's  Councils  to  a 
Young  Christian,  1844;  Seven  Sermons;  Five  Addresses; 
Sketches  of  Scottish  History,  in  Christian  Magazine^  1836; 
History  of  the  Marion  Controversy,  in  Christian  Magazine^ 
1837;  History  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church,  in  Rupp's 
History  of  All  Denominations,  1844;  Historical  Essays  on  the 
Reformation  in  Holland  and  Geneva,  and  on  the  Synod  of 
Dort,  in  the  Christian  Iiitelligencer^  1856;  Sketch  of  the  Life 
and  Times  of  Rev.  W.  Romaine,  1856;  Sketches  of  the  Lives 
of  the  early  Governors  of  New  York,  1863;  History  of  the 
Public  Schools  in  Newburgh,  1863;  Editorials  in  the  Chris- 
tian Instrnctor^  i844-'6;  Additional  Notes  to  the  Epistle  of 
James  in  Henry's  Commentary,  London  edition,  1848;  Trans- 
lation and  Enlargement  of  Moll's  Exposition  of  Psalms  42-50, 
in  Lange's  Commentary,  1871;  Translation  and  Enlargement 
21 


330  THE    MINISTRY. 

of  Schmoller's  Exposition  of  Joel,  with  a  new  version,  in 
Lange's  Commentary,  1874;  Letters  to  the  Scottish  Guardian^ 
Glasgow,  1846-61;  Thomas  Boston,  in  the  New  Brunswick 
Review^  1849;  Twenty-three  Articles  in  the  Princeton  Re- 
view^ 1843-69;  Five  Articles  in  the  Theological  and  Literary 
Review  (Dr.  Lord),  185 1-' 7;  Ten  Letters  in  Sprague's  Annals; 
Letters  in  the  Memorial  of  Rev.  Thomas  De  Witt,  D.  D. ; 
Memoirs  of  Rev.  Joseph  McCarrell,  D.  D.  in,  "Men  of  Note 
in  Cumberland  Valley,"  1876;  Analytical  Index  of  Princeton 
Reviezv  for  1825-8;  Index  to  Topics  Discussed  in  Forty  Vol- 
umes of  Princeton  Review^  1829-68. 

FOSTER,  James  Bonner*: 

Was  born  July  6,  1837,  at  Morning  Sun,  Preble  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1859,  by  First  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained, sine  titulo^  Jan.  3,  '61,  by  the  same;  S.  S.  at  Dayton, 
O.,  1861-3;  pastor  of  Young  America,  111.,  i864-'7;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  was  pastor  in  Cincinnati  and  Cum- 
minsville,  O. ;  died  Feb.  27,  1873,  while  on  a  visit  to  Due 
West,  S.  C,  on  account  of  his  health. 
FRANCE,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1773  in  Moniave,  Stirlingshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  in  the 
Burgher  Hall;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  Stirling,  and  or- 
dained by  the  Pres.  of  Forfar  in  1806;  was  pastor  of  the  con- 
gregation of  Kirriemuir  for  a  number  of  years;  came  to  this 
country  in  1819,  and  united  with  the  Associate  Church;  was 
pastor  of  Glade  Run  and  New  Bethel,  Butler  and  Beaver 
counties.  Pa.,  Ap.,  i820-'4i.  He  died  in  1861  in  his  son's 
house  in  Harlem,  Carroll  Co.,  O. 

FRAZER,  James  Ingles: 

Was  born  Sept.  i,  1836,  near  Hookstown,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Oct.  19,  1858,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  25,  '61,  by  Indiana;  pastor  of 
Milroy  and  Vienna,  Rush  Co.,  Ind.,  i86i-Ap.,  '65;  Superin- 
tendent of  Freedmen's  Mission  one  year  on  Davis'  Bend,  and 
two  years  at  Vicksburg,  Miss. ;  pastor  of  Beaver  Falls,  Pa. , 
Feb.  21,  1871-Ap.  10,  '83. 


THE    MINISTRY.  33 1 

FRAZIER,  James  Adair  (A.  R.)  *: 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1819,  near  West  Union,  Adams  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1845,  ^"^  studied  theology'  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  in  Ap.,  '48,  by  Michigan,  and  ordained  in 
June,  1849,  by  ^^^  same;  was  pastor  of  Martin,  Mich.,  June, 
1 849-' 50;  in  spring  of  1850  was  chosen  foreign  missionary 
by  the  General  Synod,  and  sailed  Dec.  12  for  Syria.  His 
wife  dying,  he  returned  to  this  country  in  1853  on  account  of 
his  family,  and  sailed  again  for  Syria  Sept.  30,  1854.  His 
house,  library  and  everything  were  burnt  in  the  massacre  of 
i860,  the  mission  was  broken  up,  and  he  was  forced  to  return 
to  the  United  States.  Oct.  '25,  1862,  he  sailed  a  third  time 
for  Syria,  and  died  in  Damascus,  Aug.  30,  1863,  from  conges- 
tion of  lungs. 

FRAZIER,  James  R.  : 

Was  born  at  St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Aug.  9,  1854! 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1879,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  24,  '80,  by  Delaware;  has  been  pastor  of 
Davenport,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

FRAZIER,  Samuel  Robinson: 

Was  born  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  23,  1846;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  1865,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
II,  '67,  by  First  Ohio;  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Butler  Co., 
0.,June  II,  1867-N0V.  28,  '71;  of  Third  Ch.,  Pittsburgh, 
July  28,  1872-Mar,  25,  '79.  Professor  in  the  Imperial  Uni- 
versity, Yokohama,  Japan,  1879-1884;  Youngstown,  O.,  since 
May  5,  1884. 

FRAZIER,  Samuel  Robinson: 

Was  born  in  1847  in  Ohio  Co.,  West  Va. ;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1877,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Dec.  11,  '78,  by  Wheeling;  was  pastor  of  Cadiz, 
O.,  Dec,  1878-June  8,  '80;  Oxford,  O.,  Sept.  26,  1882-Sept. 
29,  '85;  Rushville,  Ind.,  Dec,  '85-Ap.,  '87;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  is  at  Columbus,  Ind. 


332  THE    MINISTRY. 

FREE,  Peter  W.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  9,  1839,  at  S.  Shenango,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  May  4,  1869,  by  Lake 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  6,  '70,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Waterford,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

FREEBORN,  James  G.  : 

Was  born  in  Eastern  Ohio,  and  educated  academically  at 
Richmond,  O. ;  studied  theology  at  Monmouth ;  was  licensed 
in  Ap.,  1862,  by  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  the  sum- 
mer of  '63  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Boonsboro',  la.,  1863 
-'70;  of  Milroy,  Rush  Co.,  Ind.,  June  14,  1870-Oct.  31,  '71; 
left  the  church  in  1872,  and  preaches  to  an  Independent 
church  in  Kansas. 

FREETLY,  John  L.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Mar.,  1812,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  was  soon 
left  an  orphan  and  brought  up  by  friends  in  York  Co. ;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1836,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1839,  ^Y  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  2,  '42,  by  Illinois;  was  pastor 
of  S.  Henderson  and  Ellison  June,  1842-Ap.,  '46;  S.  S.  at 
Ross  Grove  and  other  places  for  many  years;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  in  1868,  and  died  on  his  farm  near  Harmony, 
111.,  Dec.  22,  1878. 
FRENCH,  David  (A,)*: 

Was  bom  in  Aug.,  1783,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  educated  at 
Union,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service; 
was  licensed  Nov.  i,  1809,  by  Cambridge  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  tihilo^  Aug.  28,  1810,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  North  Buf- 
falo, Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  from  July  2,  1811,  until  Jan.  3, 
'54,  when  he  resigned  because  of  paralysis,  and  died  Mar.  30, 
1855.  A  man  of  great  worth  and  of  good  influence  every 
way,  and  specially  distinguished  for  his  ability  and  unction 
in  prayer.     He  gave  five  sons  to  the  ministry  of  his  church. 

FRENCH,  Daniel  Houston.  D.  D.  : 

Son  of  Rev.  David;  was  born  Dec.  11,  1830,  in  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1857,  ^^^  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  i,  1859,  by  Mansfield 


THE   MINISTRY.  333 

Pres.,  and  ordained  May  2,  1861,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of 
Chartiers  congregation  May,  1861-June,  '66;  was  installed 
over  Mansfield  and  Monroe,  O.,  in  Aug.  1866;  was  released 
from  the  latter  in  1868,  and  the  former  in  Sept.,  1879;  pastor 
of  Dayton,  O.,  since  Ap.  6,  1880, 

FRENCH,  David  WiSHART,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  May  20,  1818,  in  Wash- 
ington Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1842,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  16,  1846, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '47,  by  Cambridge; 
was  pastor  of  East  Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept., 
1847-Mar.  28,  '55;  of  Mercer,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1856,  until  his  death; 
died  suddenly  Mar.  16,  1875. 

FRENCH,  John  McClellan  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  Nov.  18,  1812,  in  Buffalo 
township,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Franklin 
in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
July  8,  1840,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  22,  '41, 
by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Noblestown,  Pa.,  from  his  ordina- 
tion until  his  death,  which  occurred  Oct.  10,  1843. 

FRENCH,  John  McClellan: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David,  and  half-brother  of  his  namesake; 
was  born  July  19,  1844,  in  Buffalo  township,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1868,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Princeton;  was  licensed  in 
Ap.,  1871,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  27,  '72,  by 
Rock  Island;  was  pastor  of  North  Henderson,  111.,  June, 
1872-Sept.  30,  '75;  of  Mercer,  Pa.,  Nov.  i,  1875-July  18,  '80; 
of  Cleveland,  O.,  since  Ap.  12,  1881.  Publication:  History 
of  the  First  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  Mercer,  1876. 
FRENCH,  Rensselaer  W.  (A.): 

Was  born  Mar.  11,  1814,  in  the  town  of  Wooster,  Otsego 
Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin  and  Muskingum,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  July,  1843, 
by  Richland  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Oct.,  '44,  by  Illinois; 
pastor  of  N.  Henderson,  111.,  with  Viola  and  Rock  Island  as 
preaching  stations,  Oct.,  1844-May,  '48;  of  Somonauk,  De 
Kalb  Co.  (which  he  had  organized  in  1846),  with  Wheatland, 


334  THE   MINISTRY. 

thirty-two  miles  distant,  as  preaching  station,  May,  1848- 
June,  '60;  was  installed  in  the  autumn  of  1861  for  half-time, 
but  gave  his  whole  time  at  Wilton,  Will  Co.,  111.,  a  congre- 
gation which  he  had  organized  in  i860;  resigned  Sept.  5,  '82. 
Publication:  Pre-millennialism  Defended,  pp.  66,  1879. 
FRENCH,  William  Hanna,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  Nov.  9,  1828,  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1852,  and 
stndied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  17,  1856, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  27,  '57,  by  Richland; 
pastor  of  Iberia,  O.,  Aug.,  1857-Ap.,  '70;  President  of  Ohio 
Central  College,  Iberia,  i868-'70,  and  pastor  in  Cincinnati, 
O.,  since  May,  1870. 
FUIvTON,  Andrew  (A.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland,  and  licensed  Dec.  17, 
1793,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  (Anti-burgher)  of  Kilmarnock;  was 
ordained  June  28,  '97,  by  the  Pres.  of  Perth,  with  a  view  to 
being  sent  on  a  mission  to  the  State  of  Kentucky,  in  response 
to  an  application  that  had  been  made  to  the  General  Synod 
by  several  individuals  residing  in  that  State.  He  and  his 
fellow  missionary,  the  Rev.  Robert  Armstrong,  sailed  on  the 
8th  of  Aug.,  and  landed  at  New  York  Oct.  13,  1797.  There 
being  no  public  conveyance  across  the  Allegheny  mountains 
in  those  days,  they  traveled  on  foot  from  Carlisle,  Pa.,  to  Pitts- 
burgh. As  they  arrived  at  Pittsburgh,  just  at  the  beginning 
of  winter,  it  was  thought  inexpedient  that  they  should  at- 
tempt to  descend  the  Ohio  river  before  the  next  spring.  Early 
in  the  following  spring  they  descended  the  river  in  a  flat  boat 
to  Maysville,  Ky.  In  Nov.,  1798,  according  to  the  instruc- 
tions of  the  General  Synod  of  Scotland,  they  constituted 
themselves  into  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Kentucky,  sub- 
ordinate to  that  Synod.  Mr.  Fulton  was  installed  in  the 
autumn  of  1798  as  pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Drennon's 
Creek,  Henry  Co. ,  Ky.  He  labored  here  with  great  diligence 
and  success  for  seventeen  years,  when  the  greater  part  of  his 
congregation,  from  conscientious  opposition  to  slavery,  re- 
moved to  Carmel,  near  Madison,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.  By 
the  direction  of  Presbytery  he  followed  them  in  Nov.,  1815, 
and  remained  their  pastor  in  their  new  home  until  his  death 


THE   MINISTRY.  335 

He  died  of  fever  Sept.  10,  1818,  in  the  sixty-third  year  of  his 
age. 

FULTON,  Andrew  Smith  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  bom  about  1805  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1828,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1831,  by  Monongahela  Pres. , 
and  ordained  May  28,  '33,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Union, 
Allegheny  Co.,  May,  1833-Aug.  17,  '39;  of  Peoria,  111.,  1839 
-'43;  died  at  Tarentum,  Pa.,  without  charge.  Mar.  10,  1845. 
Publication:  A  Sermon  in  Vol.  V.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso. 
Ref  Church. 

FULTON,  James  McFarland,  D.  D.  : 

Brother  of  William,  was  born  Aug.  31,  1849,  i^  Belmont 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1872,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1876,  by  Lake 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  i,  ^^']^  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  the 
Fourth  Ch.,  Allegheny,  since  ordination. 

FULTON,  John  Lockhart,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  11,  1836,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth; was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1863,  ^Y  Monmouth  Pres.,  and 
ordained  in  Ap.,  '64,  by  Le  Claire;  was  pastor  of  Cedar 
Rapids,  la.,  1864-67;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is 
pastor  in  Allegheny,  Pa. 

FULTON,  Jonathan  Gilmore  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  14,  1817,  in  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at 
the  Western  University  in  1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  May  25,  1837,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  5,  '38,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Puckety 
and  Tarentum  June,  1838-Aug.  17, '39;  Blairsville,  Pa.,  Jan., 
1840-Ap.,  '47;  of  Turtle  Creek,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Feb., 
1852-Sept.,  '59;  was  appointed  chaplain  of  the  6ist  Regiment 
Pennsylvania  Volunteers  Sept.,  1861,  but  had  to  resign  after 
some  time  because  of  dullness  of  hearing;  organized  the  con- 
gregation of  Braddock's  Field  in  1864,  and  continued  in 
charge  until  Ap.  11,  1869,  and  died  in  Pittsburgh,  Ap.  17, 
1870. 


336  THE   MINISTRY. 

FULTON,  WiLUAM*: 

Was  born  June  11,  1837,  on  the  Atlantic  ocean;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1863,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  25,  '64,  by  Conemaugh;  was  pastor  of  Indiana,  Pa., 
Oct.,  1864-May  4,  '70;  of  Fourth  Allegheny  Ch.  June  14,  1870, 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  Allegheny  June  25,  1873. 

FULTON,  William  Sigerson*: 

Son  of  Jonathan  G. ;  was  born  Feb.  14,  1853,  at  East  Lib- 
erty, Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Yale  in  1875,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1877,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  31,  ''^^^  by  Westmoreland;  was  in- 
stalled at  Braddock's  Field,  Pa.,  at  ordination,  but  resigned 
on  the  i6th  of  the  following  Oct.  because  of  ill  health;  S.  S. 
at  Stewart's  Station,  Pa,,  and  pastor  elect  of  the  Eighth  Ch., 
Pittsburgh;  died  Ap.  20,  1881. 

GAGER,  Stephen  Decatur  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  but  spent  much  of  his  youth 
in  Orange  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  received  an  academic  education,  and 
studied  theology  in  Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  16,  1843, 
by  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained,  sine  titido^  July  18, 
'50,  by  Mansfield;  has  always  labored  in  the  Home  Mission- 
ary field,  and  has  been  for  many  years  in  Oregon. 

GAILEY,  John: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Richard;  was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1861,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1865,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  24,  '66,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Butler, 
Pa.,  1866-Dec.  26,  '71;  of  Fourth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Mar.  26, 
1872-Oct.  17,  ''']^\  of  Utica,  O.,  Feb.  11,  1881-June  9,  '85; 
Millersburg,  O.,  since  Jan.  9,  1886. 
GAILEY,  Richard  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1806,  in  Letterkenny,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1838,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  30,  '39,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Sewickly  and  Mt. 
Pleasant  Ap.,  1839-Aug.,  '49;  of  Monroe  and  connections,  O., 
1850,  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Ap.  2,  1875,  at  Lexing- 


THE   MINISTRY.  337 

ton,  O.     During  many  of  his  later  years  he  was  also  engaged 
in  teaching. 

GALBRAITH,  George  Thomas: 

Was  born  Ap.  22,  1845,  in  Barnet,  Vt. ;  was  graduated  at 
Dartmouth  College,  N.  H.,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1874,  by  the  Vermont  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  21,  '75,  by  First  New  York;  was  pastor  of  the  127th  St. 
congregation,  New  York,  from  ordination  until  Aug.  i,  '76; 
of  E.  Greenwich,  N.  Y.  June  27,  1877-Sept.  5,  '82;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at  Liberty,  N.  Y. 

GALBRAITH,  William  (A.): 

Was  born  July  17,  1808,  in  Barnet,  Vt. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1831,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  July  8,  1835,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
23,  '36,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Freeport  and  Buffalo,  and 
Warren,  in  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  i836-'66;  Cedar  and 
Unity,  la.,  Dec.  15,  1869-Ap.  15,  '70;  Portersville,  Butler  Co., 
Sept.  3,  i872-'3;  and  Sutton,  Mass.,  since  Oct.  12,  '86. 

GALLOWAY,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  4,  1786;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1805,  and  commenced  the  study  of 
the  law,  but  the  death  of  his  preceptor  was  the  means  01 
changing  his  thoughts  and  purposes,  so  that  in  the  autumn 
of  1806  he  entered  the  Seminary  in  New  York  under  Dr. 
Mason.  He  was  licensed  June  28,  18 10,  by  the  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  10,  '11,  by  the  same,  and  installed 
pastor  of  Mercer,  Shenango  and  Mahoning.  He  resigned 
the  last  Ap.  12,  '15,  and  the  other  two  Ap.  8,  '18,  because  of 
declining  health,  and  died  May  21,  1818,  of  consumption. 

GALLOWAY,  John  Bunyan: 

Was  born  Ap.  4,  1843,  i^  Ayrshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1873,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  19,  '74,  by  Le  Claire;  was  pastor  of  Clarence, 
la.,  Dec,  1874-July  15,  '79;  of  Vernon,  Wis.,  since  Dec.  28, 
1881;  was  corporal  in  the  i42d  Illinois  regiment  in  the  civil 


war. 


338  THE   MINISTRY. 

GALLOWAY,  John  Mason  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  Jan.  8,  1813,  in  Mercer, 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1832,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1836,  by 
Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  23,  '37,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Shenango,  May,  1837-Aug.,  '38;  of  Herman's  Creek 
(now  Paris)  June  12,  1839-55;  left  the  church,  and  was  pastor 
of  the  Presbyterian  congregation  in  Clearfield,  Pa.,  1 857-' 64; 
died  Ap.  4,  1865,  of  consumption. 

GAMBLE,  James  M.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  8,  1810,  at  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1829,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny ;  was  licensed 
June  14,  1832,  by  First  Ohio,  and  ordained  Sept.  10,  '33,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Bellefontaine,  O.,  from  ordination  to 
death;  he  died  Dec.  19,  1842. 
GAMBLE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  June  22,  1825,  from  the  Belfast  Pres.  of  the 
United  Secession  Ch.  of  Ireland  by  the  Pres.  of  Monongahela; 
was  rebuked  for  drunkenness  in  1825;  was  suspended  in  1826, 
and  deposed  Oct.  4,  1828. 
GARGES,  William  Louis: 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1849,  ^^  Fincastle,  Va. ;  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  June  17,  1879,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  6,  1880,  by  Southern  Illinois;  was  pastor  at  Hopewell, 
Perry  Co.,  Ills.,  from  ordination  to  Dec.  6,  '81;  of  Beulah, 
Crawford  Co.,  Kans.,  Oct.  18,  1882-Ap.  8,  '85;  Nortonville, 
since  June  16,  1885. 
GARVIN,  James  Stewart: 

Was  graduated  at  Westminster,  in  1879,  ^^^  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  28,   1881,  by  Beaver 
Valley  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.   20,  '82,  by  Westmoreland; 
pastor  at  West  Newton,  Pa.,  Dec.  20,  1882- 
GEHRETT,  J.  A. : 

Was  ordained  Sept.  6,  1875,  by  the  Pittsburgh  Methodist 
Conference;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1881;  pas- 
tor of  Colona  and  Pleasant  Unity,  111.,  Jan.,  1883-Ap.,  '84; 
Cedar  Creek,  111.,  June  9,  1884-Ap.  15,  '85. 


THE   MINISTRY.  339 

GELLATLY,  Ai^Exander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  the  years  i720-'2,  in  Perth,  Scotland;  was 
liberally  educated,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Anti-burgher 
Hall;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1752,  and  ordained  in 
Aug.  of  the  same  year,  with  the  view  of  going  under  synodic 
appointment  to  America  in  answer  to  repeated  applications 
from  families  in  Chester  and  Lancaster  counties,  in  Pennsyl- 
vania.    He  was  the  father  of  the  Secession  Church  in  Amer- 
ica.    In  company  with  the  Rev.  Andrew  Arnot,  of  Midholm, 
who  remained  in  the  country  only  a  year,  he  sailed  in  the 
early  summer  of  1753  for  America,  and  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa., 
on  the  2d  of  Nov.  of  the  same  year,  these  two  organized  the 
Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  subordinate  to  the  Asso.  (Anti- 
burgher)  Synod  of  Scotland.     This  was  during  the  period  of 
the  Great  Schism  in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  the  New- 
castle Pres.  belonging  to  the   "New  Side"  Synod  of  New 
York,  and  which  had  been  organized  to  antagonize  the  Done- 
gal Pres.,  which  adhered  to  the  "Old  Side"  Synod  of  Phila- 
delphia, invited  Arnot  and  Gellatly  to  cast  in  their  lot  with 
them.     This  they  resused  to  do,  and  forthwith  that  Presby- 
tery issued  a  warning  to  their  churches  against  these  men  as 
schismatics  and  separatists  (forgetting  the  raiso7i  d'etre  of 
their  own  Presbytery  and  Synod),  and  as  being  heretical  on 
the  gospel  offer,  the  nature  of  faith,  etc.     Mr.  Gellatly  an- 
swered this  in   a    book  of   two    hundred  and  forty  pages. 
Messrs.   Findley  and  Smith  of  the   Presbytery  replied,  and 
Mr.  Gellatly  followed  with  a  rejoinder  of  two  hundred  and 
three  pages.     This  unexpected  controversy  ended  favorably 
to  the  Seceders,  for  it  brought  them  prominently  before  the 

public. 

Mr.  Gellatly  settled  at  Middle  Octoraro,  in  Lancaster  Co., 
and  Oxford,  Chester  Co.  Here  he  labored  with  great  dili- 
gence during  the  remainder  of  his  life.  He  died  Mar.  12, 
1 76 1,  leaving  a  widow  and  an  infant  daughter,  neither  of 
whom  long  survived  him.  He  was  a  man  of  vigorous  intel- 
lect, of  great  wit,  and  of  gentle  and  amiable  spirit.  He  never 
wavered  in  his  adherence  to  what  he  believed  to  be  truth, 
and  never  shrunk  from  any  effort  or  sacrifice  necessary  to  its 
defence. 


340  THE   MINISTRY. 

GELVIN,  Daniel  McLean: 

Was  born  Nov.  6,  1832,  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1866,  by  Monmouth  Pres,,  and  ordained 
Oct.  30,  '67,  by  Detroit;  pastor  of  Davisville,  Sanilac  Co., 
Mich.,  i867-'72;  has  since  been  in  the  Domestic  Missionary 
field  in  Kansas. 

GEORGE,  David  Patterson*: 

Was  born  Aug.  26,  1847,  ^t  Mechanicstown,  Carroll  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  16,  1874, 
by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  23,  '78,  by  Wis- 
consin; after  missionating  in  the  West  was  S.  S.  at  Caledonia, 
Wis.,  Ap.,  1878-Oct.,  '80;  at  Marysville,  Tenn.,  spring  of 
1881  till  his  death,  Aug.  10,  1881. 

GEORGE,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  and  licensed  in  Scotland;  came  to 
the  U.  S.  in  1830,  and  was  ordained  Sept.  21,  1831,  by  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York;  was  pastor  of  White  Lake, 
Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i83i-'2;  passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 
in  Canada,  and  was  there  pastor  of  Stratford,  and  afterward 
at  Scarborough,  and  was  then  Vice-Principal  of  Queen's  Col- 
lege at  Kingston,  Upper  Canada,  until  his  death,  which  took 
place  in  1870. 

GEORGE,  Robert  Alexander: 

Was  born  Oct.  22,  1856,  at  Scroggsfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1885,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  4,  '86,  by  First  Kansas;  pastor  at  Lawrence, 
Kan.,  since  ordination. 

GETTY,  George  Hale: 

Was  born  Feb.  5,  1857,  at  West  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  i,  1884,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  July  15,  '84,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  at  Mt.  Gilead, 
July  15,  1884-Sept.  22,  '85;  New  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  June  26, 
1886- 


THE   MINISTRY.  34 1 

GIBNEY,  Joseph  Carson: 

Was  born  Nov.  ii,  1852,  near  Uniontown,  Belmont  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1881,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Aug.  18,  1885,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  9,  '86,  by  Sidney;  was  pastor  01 
Buckland,  Auglaize  Co.,  and  Macedon,  Mercer  Co.,  O.,  since 
ordination. 
GIBSON,  James  Patterson: 

Brother  of  Dr.  Matthew;  was  born  Aug.  10,  1849,  ^^^^^  Ox- 
ford, Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1 87 1,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed Mar.  26,  1873,  by  the  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  22,  '74,  by  Detroit;  pastor  of  Troy  and  Southfield,  Oak- 
land Co.,  Mich.,  from  ordination  till  Jan.  4,  '84;  Bad  Axe, 
Mich.,  Sept.  2,  1884-June  3,  '85;  De  Witt,  la.,  Aug.  26,  1885- 
GIBSON,  John  Dunlap,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  20,  1815,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  was  edu- 
cated academically,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh ;  was 
licensed  Ap.  2,  1838,  by  Washington  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Jan.  6,  '39,  by  Caledonia;  was  pastor  of  Seneca,  Ontario  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  1839-spring  of  '44,  and  of  Stamford,  Delaware 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  5,  1845-Dec.  29,  '85;  has  been  President  of 
Delaware  Co.  Bible  Society  for  more  than  40  years.  Publica- 
tions: The  Great  Commission,  a  Sermon,  1859;  Christ,  the 
Infallible  Teacher  and  Sovereign  Saviour,  a  Sermon. 

GIBSON,  John  Henry: 

Brother  of  Dr.  Matthew;  was  born  Aug.  10,  1852,  near  Ox- 
ford, Chester  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1872, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap.  1874,  by 
Detroit  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  14,  '76,  by  Mercer;  was  pas- 
tor of  the  First  Ch.,  New  Wilmington,  Pa.,  Dec,  1876-Ap. 
I,  '80;  of  Johnstown,  Cambria  Co.,  Pa.,  June  27,  1881-June 
8,  86;  Connellsville,  Pa.,  Sept.  6,  1887- 
GIBSON,  JosiAH  Hutchman: 

Was  born  Mar.  3,  1847,  at  Center ville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1875,  by  the  First 
Ohio,  and  ordained  Mar.  13,  '77,  by  Southern  Illinois;  pastor 
of  Coultersville,  Ills,,  Mar.  13,  1877-Aug,  3,  '86. 


342  THE   MINISTRY. 

GIBSON,  Matthew  McCormick,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  ii,  1837,  near  Oxford,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  May,  1863,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained 
July,  21,  '64,  by  Sidney;  was  pastor  at  Sidney,  O.,  July,  1864- 
Feb.  28,  '67;  was  sent  as  S.  S.  to  the  congregation  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1867,  ^^^  ^^^  been  pastor  of  it  since  1869; 
was  Moderator  of  the  Gen.  Ass.  of  1887. 

GIBSON,  W11.LIAM  M.,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Jan,  26,  1832,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Washington  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  Oct.  3,  1854,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  29,  '55;  was  pastor  of  North  Buffalo,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Pa.,  1855-N0V.  12,  '61;  of  Millersburg  and  Dalton, 
O.,  for  two  years,  and  then  the  former  alone,  i863-'73;  West 
Charlton,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  30,  1873-Sept.  i,  '78;  of  Newark,  N.  J., 
Sept.  26,  1878-Feb.  7,  '81;  Jane  street,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  22,  1881- 
June  19,  '83. 
GIFFEN,  John: 

Was  born  Aug.  i,  1846,  near  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1871;  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1874,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and,  having  been  appointed  to  the  foreign  missionary  field, 
was  ordained  Jan.  26,  '75,  by  the  same,  and  sailed  on  the  loth 
of  Feb.  for  Egypt,  where  he  has  since  labored,  mainly  in  the 
educational  department  of  the  Mission  at  Asyoot. 

GIFFEN,  John  Kelly: 

Was  born  June  3,  1853,  at  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  12,  1881,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
14,  '81,  by  the  same,  and  joined  the  Egyptian  Mission,  and  is 
located  at  Asyoot. 

GILCHRIST,  Alexander: 

Was  born  Mar.  25,  1856,  in  West  Hebron,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Wooster  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  June  7,  1881,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  13,  '82,  by  First  Ohio;  pastor  at  Richmond,  Ind.,  since 
ordination. 


THE   MINISTRY.  343 

GILFIIylvAN,  Andrew  Boyd: 

Was  born  Feb.  12,  1842,  in  Upper  St.  Clair,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1864,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,-  1867,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  12,  '69,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Cov- 
ington, Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 
GILFILLAN,  Robert  Addison: 

Was  born  Jan.  16,  1844,  at  North  Liberty,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  8,  1878,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  16,  '79,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Mt.  Varnum 
and  West  Unity,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination  to  Ap.  4, 
'82;  Calcutta,  O.,  Jan.  26,  1883-Ap.  20,  '85;  Wooster,  O., 
Sept.  22,  1885-Jan.  19,  '86;  Turtle  Creek,  Pa.,  Dec.  21,  1886. 
GILKERSON,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  18 14  in  Caledonia,  Vt. ;  was  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  July  i,  1839,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
Oct.,  '40,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Conemaugh  and  War- 
ren, Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination  until  '54,  and  the 
latter  until  his  death.  He  died  at  Apollo,  Feb.  10,  1859,  ^^ 
congestion  of  the  lungs. 
GILKEY,  Seth  Wilson: 

Was  born  Nov.  2,  1850,  near  Wheeler,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster,  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  30,  1880,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and 
was  ordained  Dec.  29,  '81,  by  Garnett;  pastor  of  Berea  and 
Greely,  Anderson  Co.,  Kans.,  Dec.  29,  i88i-Ap.  8,  '85;  Prof, 
in  Tarkio  College,  Mo.,  since  1885. 
GILL,  Jonathan  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  9,  1777,  in  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  18 10,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Ref. 
Pres.  Seminary  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  in  1814  by  the 
Reformed  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Pittsburgh,  and  ordained  in 
'16  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Xenia,  O.,  i8i6-'23;at  Thomp- 
son's Run,  Pa.,  1823-33;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  in  1840; 
was  for  years  a  Prof,  in  the  Western  University,  and  also  the 
Principal  of  an  Academy.  He  died  in  Ap.,  1846,  after  a  short 
but  severe  illness. 


344  THE    MINISTRY. 

GILLESPIE,  John  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  23,  1823,  i^  Banbridge,  Ireland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Belfast  College,  and  studied  theology  in  the  General 
Assembly's  Seminary;  was  licensed  in  May,  1848,  by  the  Ban- 
bridge  Pres. ;  was  received  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Albany  June 
20,  1850,  and  ordained  June  26,  '51,  by  Stamford;  pastor  of 
Milton,  Halton  Co.,  Ontario,  Canada,  June  26,  1851-Sept.  11, 
1883. 

GILLESPIE,  Jonathan  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  9,  1830,  of  Covenanter  parentage,  on  the 
Walkill,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  but  reared  within  the  bounds  of 
the  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  of  Bloomingburg;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh  and  at 
Due  West,  in  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  May  19,  1852,  by  the  New 
York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  29,  '53,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Hamptonburg,  N.  Y.,  1853-Feb.,  '57;  accepted  Jan. 
23,  '57,  a  call  to  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  and  while  making  arrange- 
ments for  the  removal  of  his  family  was  taken  ill,  and  died 
on  the  2 2d  of  Ap.  A  young  man  of  great  excellence  and 
promise. 

GILLESPIE,  William  John: 

Was  born  Oct.  3,  1842,  in  Ballynahinch,  county  Down,  Ire- 
land; was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied  the- 
ology in  the  Ref,  Pres.  Seminary,  Allegheny,  Pa. ;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap.,  1868,  by  the  Ref.  Pres.  of  Allegheny,  and  or- 
dained Oct.,  17,  '69,  by  the  Ref.  Pres.  of  Illinois;  installed  at 
Old  Bethel  in  1869,  and  Sparta,  111.  (U.  P.),  Nov.  11,  1870- 
Aug.  14,  ^']']\  Charles  street,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30,  1877-June  16, 
'79;  Jordan's  Grove,  111.,  Dec.  16,  1879-Dec.  26,  '83;  Union, 
111.,  Jan.  9,  1884-May  8,  '86. 

GILMORE,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  bom  Nov.  2i,  18 18,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 
and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  July  6,  1841,  by  Steubenville 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '42,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of 
Tarentum  and  Harmausville,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1842-Dec.  i,  '56; 
of  Tranquillity,  O.,  May  10,  1857-Feb.  9,  '71;  Sugar  Run  and 
Unionville,    O.,    Ap.    11,    1871-Ap.    15,    '74;  of   Unity  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  345 

Ewart,    near   Oskaloosa,    la.,   from  Mar.   27,   1876;  resigned 
Unity  Ap.  10,  '82. 
GIVEN,  James  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  2,  1823,  ^^  Cullybackey,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1853,  ^7  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  12,  '54,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  East  and  West  Union,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1854 
-Sept.  22,  '57;  of  Puckety  and  Logan's  Ferry  June  21,  1859- 
Ap.  8,  '73;  of  Richmond,  Susquehanna  and  Oakland,  Indiana 
Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  16,  1876;  added  Plum  Creek,  in  1879,  and 
dropped  Oakland  in  1882.  He  never  missed  a  recitation  dur- 
ing the  four  years  of  his  seminary  course,  and  never  missed 
preaching  on  a  single  Sabbath,  from  illness,  since  his  licen- 
sure, and  never  took  a  vacation.  Served  seven  weeks  in  the 
militia,  time  of  Lee's  invasion,  and  a  short  period  in  the 
Christian  Commission  at  Louisville,  Ky.  Publication:  A 
Fast  Day  Sermon,  1863. 

GLADSTONE,  William  R.*: 

Was  born  Mar.  4,  1840,  in  Andes,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1866,  by  the 
Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '68,  by  Argyle;  was 
pastor  of  E.  Greenwich,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1868 
-Jan.  2,  ^']']\  died  Feb.  13,  1877,  of  consumption. 
GLASS,  Samuel  James: 

Was  born  at  Remington,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  26,  1854; 
was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1875,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1877,  by  Monon- 
gahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  11,  '78,  by  Butler;  pastor  of 
Kittanning,  Pa.,  June  11,  1878-Nov.  21,  '84;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch. ,  and  is  located  at  Brookville,  Pa. 

GLEN,  James  Wilson  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  28,  1821,  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Oberlin  College  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  x-lp.  11,  1855,  by  the  First  Illinois,  and 
ordained  Dec.  28,  '55,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Springfield, 
Randolph  Co.,  111.,  1855-July  11,  '66;  of  Neshannoc,  Wis., 
22 


346  THE   MINISTRY. 

1 867-' 69;  installed  over  Marissa  and  Mud  Creek,   St.    Clair 
Co.,  111.,  May,  1872;  dropped  the  latter  in  Jan.,  '74,  and  died 
at  Marissa,  June  18,  1879,  of  consumption. 
GLENN,  John  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  24,  1827,  i^^  West  End,  Pittsburgh;  was 
graduated  at  Duquesne  College  in  1846,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Oxford;  was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1849,  ^7 
First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '50,  by  Michigan; 
was  pastor  of  Murray  and  Warren,  Wells  Co.,  Ind.,  June, 
1850-Oct.,  '52;  of  Salem,  Boone  Co.,  Ind.,  1854-Oct.  12, 
'58;  of  Mifflin,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  25,  1859-Dec. 
3,  '61;  chaplain  in  the  army  for  a  short  period;  pastor  of  New 
Brighton,  Pa.,  Ap.  14,  1863-Aug.  6,  '67;  of  Salem,  Ind., 
i870-'74;  of  Centre  and  Wurtemburg,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa., 
Nov.  17,  1874-Ap.  12,  '81;  died  Feb.  4,  1883,  at  Great  Bend, 
Kan.,  of  paralysis. 

GLOVER,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 
and  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1852,  by  Springfield  Pres., 
and  ordained  by  Second  Illinois  in  the  spring  of  '54;  pastor 
of  Peoria,  111.,  i854-'57;  was  deposed  from  the  ministry  for 
immorality  in  1858;  died  in  July,  1859. 

GOLDEN,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  3, 1823,  near  Harlem  Springs,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1849,  by  Steuben ville  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  17,  '50,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  CarroUton 
and  Conotton,  O.,  June,  i85i-'57;  Lebanon  and  Yellow 
Creek,  same  Presbytery,  1857  until  his  death,  Sept.  22,  1869. 
Publication:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  III.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Church. 
GOLDEN,  William  James: 

Was  born  Jan.  27,  1858,  at  Gavers,  Columbiana  Co. ,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1883,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  13,  '85,  by  Frankfort;  S.  S.  at  Los  An- 
geles, Cal.,  July,  i883-'4;  pastor  of  Service,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa., 
Sept.,  1885- 


THE   MINISTRY.  347 

GOODWILUE,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  26,  1749,  in  Tanshall,  fifteen  miles  north  of 
Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  with  Prof.  Moncrieff,  of 
Alloa;  was  licensed  by  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Kirkcaldy 
in  Oct.,  1778.  Under  the  direction  of  the  Synod  he  supplied 
vacant  churches  in  Ireland  and  the  North  of  England,  as 
well  as  in  Scotland,  until  in  1787,  when  he  was  appointed  to 
go  to  America.  He  arrived  in  New  York  on  the  5th  of  May, 
1788,  and  was  received  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  on 
the  28th  of  the  same  month,  and  was  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  on 
the  31st  of  the  following  Oct.  in  Philadelphia.  On  July  5, 
'90,  he  was  called  to  Barnet,  in  Vermont,  and  was  installed 
as  pastor  on  the  8th  of  the  following  February.  He  gave 
one-sixth  of  his  time  to  the  church  in  Ryegate  untill  1822, 
and  continued  as  pastor  in  Barnet  until  his  death,  Aug.  2, 
1830.  He  was  the  first  Presbyterian  minister  settled  in  Ver- 
mont, and  remained  for  nine  years  as  the  only  settled  minister 
of  any  denomination  in  the  county  of  Caledonia.  He  served 
his  people  amidst  the  privations  of  pioneer  life  in  various 
ways.  In  1805  he  represented  his  town  in  the  Legislature  of 
the  State.  In  1807  he  was  chosen  Town  Clerk  and  Town 
Treasurer,  and  was  reelected  every  year  until  1827,  when  he 
declined.  In  1808  he  was  appointed  the  first  postmaster  in 
Barnet,  and  held  the  office  for  ten  years.  Having  studied 
medicine  in  Scotland,  he  was  for  a  number  of  years  the  only 
physician  in  the  community. 

GOODWILLIE,  David,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  David  Goodwillie;  was  born  in  Barnet,  Vt.,  Aug. 
28,  1802;  was  graduated  at  Dartmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1820;  stud- 
ied theology  under  Dr.  Banks  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed 
Sept.  23,  1823,  ^y  Cambridge  Pres.,  and  ordained  and  installed 
Ap.  26,  1826,  by  the  Asso.  Pres,  of  Ohio,  as  pastor  of  the 
congregations  of  Poland,  Liberty  and  Deer  Creek,  in  Eastern 
Ohio,  the  families  of  which  were  scattered  over  fourteen  town- 
ships. Feb.  26,  1833,  he  resigned  the  charge  of  Deer  Creek, 
and  Ap.  12,  '59,  that  of  Poland,  and  on  the  9th  of  Aug.  1875, 
that  of  Liberty. 


348  THE   MINISTRY. 

GOOD  WILLIE,  David  Henderson  (A.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  David  Goodwillie;  was  bom  Oct.  25, 
1828,  in  New  Bedford,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  in  1850  at  Jeffer- 
son, and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Sept. 
25,  1853,  by  the  Pres.  of  Shenango,  and  ordained  Sept.  27, 
'55,  by  Stamford;  was  pastor  of  Stamford,  in  Canada  West, 
Sept.,  1855-May,  '61;  Commerce,  Mich.,  June  18,  1861-July 
12,  '82;  Fort  Gratiot,  S.  S.  and  P.,  1882;  was  Professor  of 
Natural  Sciences  in  Westminster  College  in  i853-'4.  Publi- 
cations: God's  Hand  in  the  War,  a  Pamphlet,  1865;  Counsels 
to  Youth,  a  Tract,  18  pages,  1880. 

GOODWILLIE,  Thomas,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  David  Goodwillie;  was  born  in  Barnet,  Vt,  Sept. 

27,  1800;  was  graduated  at  Dartmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1820; 
studied  theology  with  Dr.  Banks,  and  was  licensed  Sept.  23, 
1823,  by  Cambridge  Pres. ;  was  ordained  and  installed  Sept. 

28,  '26,  by  the  same  as  assistant  and  successor  of  his  father  in 
Barnet,  where  he  remained  until  his  death,  Feb.  11,  1867. 
In  1827  th^  Legislature  of  Vermont  invited  him  to  open  its 
session  with  a  sermon,  which  he  did,  and  the  Legislature  gave 
him  a  unanimous  vote  of  thanks,  published  the  sermon,  which 
was  a  faithful  exhibition  of  the  Legislature's  moral  responsi- 
bilities and  duties,  and  elected  him  chaplain  for  the  session. 
Publications:  Historical  Sketches  of  Caledonia  County,  Ver- 
mont, and  of  the  Town  of  Barnet;  Biography  of  Governor 
Mattocks,  of  Vermont;  Biographical  Sketch  of  his  father,  in 
Sprague's  Annals. 

GORDON,  Albert: 

Was  born  Mar.  5,  1858,  near  Hanover,  Ind. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  18,  1883,  by  Indiana  Pres.,  and  was  ordained 
Oct.  21,  '84,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  at  Chariton  {}4)  Oct., 
1 884-   and  Lacona  (}^),  Ap.  21,  1885- 

GORDON,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1789,  in  Montrose,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  with  Pro- 
fessor Paxton;  was  licensed  June  25,  181 7,  and  four  weeks 
afterward  sailed  for  America  in  company  with  the  Rev.  Peter 


THE   MINISTRY.  349 

Bullions.  He  united  with  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Philadelphia  in 
Oct.  of  the  same  year,  and  was  ordained  by  this  Pres.,  Aug. 
20,  'i8;  pastor  at  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  20,  1818- 
Oct.  20,  '25;  pastor  of  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July 
2,  1828-Aug.  3,  '42,  and  of  Johnstown,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y., 
July,  1844,  till  his  death,  which  occurred  suddenly  from  an 
attack  of  cholera  morbus,  Aug.  20,  1845.  Publications:  Nu- 
merous and  elaborate  essays  published  in  the  Religious  Mon- 
itor. 
GORDON,  Andrew,  D.  D.  (A)*: 

Son  of  Alexander;  was  born  Sept.  17,  1828,  in  Putnam, 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850; 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg,  and  was  licensed  Nov.  2, 
1853,  by  tl^^  Asso.  Pres.  of  Albany;  was  appointed  by  Synod 
to  go  as  misionary  to  Sialkot,  in  North  India,  in  view  of 
which  he  was  ordained  Aug.  29,  1854,  by  the  Pres.  of  Albany, 
and  sailed  in  Sept.  He  came  home  in  1865  greatly  debilitated 
and  remained  so  for  years,  but  having  gained  strength  to  war- 
rant active  labors  he  returned  in  1875  to  Northern  India  and 
was  located  at  Gurdaspur;  returned  home  on  a  visit.  Died 
Aug.  13,  1887.  He  was  preparing  a  version  of  the  Psalms  in 
the  Urdoo  language.  Publication:  Our  India  Mission,  8vo, 
pp.  516,  1886. 
GORDON,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1804,  in  Montrose,  Scotland,  and  came  to  this 
country  with  his  elder  brother,  Alexander,  in  1817;  studied 
theology  with  the  Rev.  Alex.  Bullions,  D.  D.,  and  was  li- 
censed in  June,  1830,  by  the  Cambridge  Pres. ;  was  ordained 
May  2,  '32,  by  the  same,  and  installed  as  pastor  in  East 
Salem,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  chosen  in  1843  by  the 
Asso.  Synod  as  a  missionary  to  the  Island  of  Trinidad;  re- 
signed his  charge  June  20,  1843,  ^^*^  sailed  soon  afterward  for 
Trinidad,  where  he  died  Dec.  24,  1844. 
GORDON,  David  M.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Alex. ;  was  born  Dec.  29,  1832,  in  Putnam, 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1859,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Dec.  31,  1 861,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Xenia,  and  ordained  Nov.  11,  '64,  by  Philadelphia; 
pastor  of  the  Fourth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Nov.  11,  i864-'67;  of 


350  THE   MINISTRY. 

Cedar  Rapids,   la.,  Ap.,   i868-summer  of  '74;  of  Unionville 
and  Sugar  Run,  O.,  Jan.,  1875-Ap.,  '78,  and  S.  S.  at  Evans, 
Colorado,  from  May,  1878,  and  died  Aug.  23,  1880,  from  con- 
sumption. 
GORDON,  Henry  (A.): 

Was  born  in  the  county  of  Meath,  in  Ireland,  Jan.  i,  1826; 
was  educated  classically  in  his  native  country,  and  studied 
theology  in  the  Ref.  Pres.  Seminary  in  Philadelphia;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap.,  1848,  by  the  Northern  Pres.  of  the  Ref  Pres. 
Ch.,  and  was  ordained  in  July,  '48,  by  the  same;  spent  two 
years  as  a  missionary  in  Nova  Scotia;  was  pastor  of  the  Ref. 
Pres.  congregation  at  Flackville,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y., 
i850-'57;  and  of  the  Asso.  congregation  at  Coila,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  Sept.  i,  1857;  was  for  a  time  chaplain 
of  the  123d  New  York  regiment.  Publications:  Several  Ad- 
dresses to  Young  Men. 
GORDON,  John  Alexander,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  in  Henderson  Co.,  Ills.;  was  graduated  at  Mon- 
mouth in  1868,  and  was  for  several  years  Prof  of  English  Lit- 
erature in  his  alma  mater;  studied  theology  privately;  was 
licensed  Feb.  7,  1876,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
24,  '76,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of  the  Ninth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh, 
Nov.,  1876-Mar.  29,  '81;  Princeton,  Ind.,  June  12,  1883- 

GORDON,  John  McDaniel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  8,  1813,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1837;  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1840,  by  the  Pres.  of  Springfield, 
and  ordained  Sept.,  8,  1841  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Piqua,  O.,  Sept.,  i84i-'5o;  labored  for  several  years  as  a 
missionary  in  the  west;  organized  a  congregation  at  Berlin, 
Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  and  was  its  pastor  Oct.,  1854-60;  was 
financial  agent  of  Monmouth  College  for  a  year;  was  pastor  of 
Harmony,  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  June,  1862-69;  was  S.  S.  and 
afterward  pastor  of  Fairfax,  la..  Mar.,  1869,  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  Sept.  28,  187 1,  from  paralysis.  Publication: 
A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  V.  of  the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. 
GORDON,  Peter  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1801  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  was  graduated 


THE   MINISTRY.  351 

at  the  University  of  that  city,  and  studied  theology  there  for 
two  years;  came  to  this  country  in  1827,  ^^^^  finished  his  the- 
olosfical  course  with  Dr.  Alex.  Bullions  and  under  the  care  of 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Cambridge.  He  changed  his  ecclesiastical 
connection  and  was  licensed  July  9,  1829,  by  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Washington,  N.  Y,,  and  was  ordained,  sine  titulo^  by 
the  same,  on  the  29th  of  the  following  October.  For  three 
years  he  performed  missionary  work  in  Northern  New  York 
and  Canada;  became  S.  S.  of  West  Cambridge,  Washington 
Co.,  in  1832,  and  when  that  young  enterprise  returned  to  the 
mother  Ch.  in  Cambridge  in  1835  he  became  pastor  of  the 
consolidated  congregation,  and  so  remained  till  1840;  was  pas- 
tor of  Jane  St.  Ch.,  New  York  city,  i84o-'46;  of  Thompson- 
ville.  Conn.,  Ap.  2,  1847-52;  was  S.  S.  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  for 
a  year,  and  then  sailed  to  Australia,  where  he  spent  three  or 
four  years  in  very  active  and  self-sacrificing  ministerial  work. 
After  his  return  he  supplied  two  or  three  congregations  for  a 
short  time,  and  died  at  West  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  15, 
1865,  from  a  tumor.  Publications:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  V.  of 
the  Pulpit  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. ;  numerous  letters  in  the 
Christian  Instructor. 

GORDON,  William  Wilbrrforce: 

Was  born  July  22,  1853,  at  Fair  Haven,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1879,  by  First  Ohio,  and  ordained 
Sept.  10,  '80,  by  Le  Claire;  was  S.  S.  at  Andrew  and  Bethel, 
Jackson  Co.,  la.,  July,  1879-Sept.  '80,  and  installed  as  pas- 
tor Sept.  15,  1880,  and  resigned  Ap.  10,  '85;  Fresno,  Cal., 
since  Feb.  21,  1887. 
GOWDY,  George  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  23,  1823,  ^-t  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1841;  studied  theology  at  Oxford,  O., 
and  two  annual  sessions  at  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed 
1848  by  the  Pres.  of  Springfield,  and  ordained  in  the  summer 
of '50  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Vernon,  Wis.,  i850-'4;  S. 
S.  at  Columbus,  O.,  1856-8;  was  several  years  co-editor  of 
the  Presbyterian  Witness  in  Cincinnati;  was  pastor  of  Fair- 
view,  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  22,  1863-7;  was  Principal  of 
the  Academy  at  McKeesport,  Pa.,  and  died  Sept.  21,  1869. 


352  THE   MINISTRY. 

GOWDY,  James  Brown: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  George  W.  Gowdy,  and  grandson  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  John  Graham;  was  born  Ap.  24,  1853,  ^^  West  Union, 
Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
2,  1879,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '80,  by 
Des  Moines;  pastor  at  North  English,  la.,  June,  1880-May, 
'81;  S.  S.  Mount  Joy  and  Scioto,  O.,  i882-'86;  Oak  Grove, 
111.,  Sept.  15,  1886- 

GRACEY,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  1811,  near  Newville,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1836,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Aug.  3,  '37,  by  Big  Spring;  was  installed  at  the  same 
time  pastor  of  Chambersburg  and  Concord,  Franklin  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  released  from  Concord  Oct.  18,  '43,  and  installed  for 
half-time  Oct.  30,  '44,  at  Gettysburg;  resigned  Gettysburg 
Oct.  10,  '49,  and  Chambersburg  Oct.  20,  '52;  pastor  of  the 
Fourth  A.  R.  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  1852-Dec.  31,  '67;  was  en- 
dowment agent  of  the  Allegheny  Seminary,  and  died  July  10, 
187 1,  from  general  nervous  debility. 

GRAHAM,  Andrew  Jackson: 

Was  born  Oct.  5,  1833,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  in  Ap. ,  1866,  by 
Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '70,  by  Des  Moines; 
was  pastor  of  St.  Charles,  Madison  Co.,  la.,  June,  1870-Oct., 
'72,  and  since  Jan.,  1873,  has  been  editor  of  a  paper  in  Indi- 
anola,  Warren  Co.,  Iowa. 

GRAHAM,  Edwin  Brown: 

Was  born  Jan,  25,  1851,  at  Oquawka,  111.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed Ap.  13,  1876,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  6, 
'76,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Birmingham,  la.,  Sept.,  1876- 
Ap.  5,  '80;  Omaha,  Neb.,  since  May  13,  1880.  Publica- 
tions: The  Conscious  Existence  of  the  Soul  After  Death,  pp. 
48,  1879;  In  the  Coils,  i2mo.,  pp.  352,  1882. 


THE   MINISTRY.  353 

GRAHAM,  Henry  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  from  the  Pres.   of  Root,   Ireland,   Aug.    i, 
1821,  by  the  Pres.  of  Monongahela.     *     *     * 
GRAHAM,  Henry  Quigley  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  John;  was  born  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  July  20,  1824;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1849, 
and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1852, 
by  the  Pres.  of  Chillicothe,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Sept. 
20,  '54,  by  the  same;  served  as  a  home  missionary  in  Mil- 
waukee, July,  1853-July,  '55;  was  pastor  of  Bethel,  Indiana 
Co.,  and  Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  20,  1856- 
Dec.  10,  ''^'iy\  Homer  City  and  Crete,  same  county,  since  Dec. 
9,  1874. 

GRAHAM,  James  Douglass: 

Was  born  Ap.  18,  1848,  in  Bovina,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1874,  by  First  New  York, 
and  ordained  Mar.  22,  '76,  by  Garnett;  pastor  at  Chetopah, 
Labette  Co.,  Kan.,  Mar.  22,  1876-Jan.  19,  '86;  now  Synodic 
Missionary. 
GRAHAM,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  17,  1789,  in  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
in  the  Philadelphia  Academy  under  Drs.  Wylie  and  Gray; 
studied  theology  in  the  Seminary  in  New  York;  was  licensed 
in  the  spring  of  1819  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Aug.  30,  '20,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Cross  Roads  and 
Washington,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  30,  1820-Oct.  8, 
'29;  of  Sycamore  and  Hopkinsville,  Warren  Co.,  O.,  May, 
i830-'34;  of  Greenfield  and  Fall  Creek,  O.,  i834-'9;  of  West 
Union  and  West  Fork,  Adams  Co.,  1841,  until  his  death, 
July  14,  1849.  H^  was  Prof,  of  Languages  in  Washington 
College,  Pa.,  1823-8,  and  Principal  of  the  Academy  in  Chil- 
licothe 1839-40.  Publications:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol.  II  of  the 
Pulpit  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church. 
GRAHAM,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1794  in  Montrose,  in  Scotland,  and  when  fif- 
teen years  old  had  his  hip  joint  dislocated,  which  lamed  him 
for  life,  and  turned  his  thoughts  from  being  a  sailor,  and  ulti- 


354  THE    MINISTRY. 

mately  brought  him  under  the  Seceder  influences  which 
moulded  his  life.  He  became  a  tailor  and  settled  in  Edin- 
burgh in  the  employment  of  an  elder  in  Dr.  Jamieson's 
church  (Seceder).  He  became  anxious  to  study  for  the  min- 
istry, but  his  relatives,  some  of  whom  were  wealthy,  belonged 
to  the  Kirk,  and  would  give  no  assistance.  By  working  at 
his  trade  and  teaching  school  he  procured  the  means,  and 
was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  studied 
theology  with  Professor  Paxton,  who  declined  going  into  the 
union  of  1820.  He  was  one  of  the  six  students  that  composed 
Professor  Paxton's  first  class  in  his  newly  organized  hall;  was 
licensed  by  the  original  Seceders  at  Kilwinning  in  1829  ^7 
the  Pres.  of  Ayr;  sailed  for  the  U.  S.  in  Sept.,  1831;  united 
with  the  Pres.  of  Albany,  and  was  ordained  by  the  same  in 
Oct.,  '32;  was  pastor  of  Bovina,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct., 
1832-Sept.,  '53;  in  1856  he  went  to  Iowa  for  the  benefit  of 
his  health,  and  purchased  a  farm  near  Winterset,  in  Madison 
Co.,  where  he  died  Ap.  22,  1870.  Publications:  An  Autobi- 
ography and  Sermons,  pp.  206,  1870;  and  a  large  number  of 
articles  in  the  Evangelical  Repository^  mainly  condensed  ser- 
mons over  the  signature,  ' '  Delaware. ' ' 
GRAHAM,  John  French*: 

Was  born  July  8,  1835,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  and  when 
seven  years  old  removed  with  his  parents  to  Warren  Co.,  111. ; 
was  graduated  at  Washington,  la.,  in  i860,  and  studied  the- 
ology one  year  at  Xenia  and  two  at  Monmouth ;  was  licensed 
Ap.  3,  1862,  by  the  Pres.  of  Monmouth,  and  ordained  Sept. 
30,  '63,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Fairfield,  Marshall  Co.,  111., 
Sept.  1863-June,  '65;  supplied  in  vacancies  as  his  feeble  health 
would  allow  for  five  years;  was  pastor  of  Kingsville,  Mo., 
Sept.  30,  1870-Oct.,  '73;  was  laid  aside  for  three  years  by  ill 
health;  moved  to  Denver,  Col.,  in  1876,  for  sake  of  the  clim- 
ate, and  was  soon  after  elected  chaplain  of  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives in  the  State  Eegislature.  Died  Nov.  8,  1880,  of 
consumption. 
GRAHAM,  John  McKee  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  28,  1816,  in  Todd  Co.,  Ky. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1841,  by  First  Ohio,  and  ordained 


THE   MINISTRY.  355 

by  the  same  June  22,  '42;  was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  O., 
Ap.,  1842-Jnne,  '47;  of  Broadalbin,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1848-Dec., 
'57;  of  Elmira,  111.,  Dec,  1857-Nov.,  '65;  treasurer  and  finan- 
cial agent  of  Monmouth  College  Nov.,  i865-'7;  pastor  of  Har- 
rison, la.,  1876-9;  resides  at  Pasadena,  Cal.,  without  charge. 

GRAHAM,  Russell: 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1847,  ^^  Reynoldsburg,  Franklin  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of 
1872  by  the  Pres.  of  Chicago,  and  ordained  Ap.  29,  ''J2>i  ^y 
Monmouth;  pastor  at  Biggsville,  111.,  Ap.  29,  '73-' 86;  Prof, 
in  Monmouth  College  since  1886.  Publication:  Sabbath 
School  Notes,  Ap.-Oct.,  1879. 

GRAHAM,  Samuel  H.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  25,  1834,  at  Reynoldsburgh,  Franklin  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster,  in  1858,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  '60,  by  Sidney  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  12,  '62,  by  Frankfort;  was  pastor  at  Bur- 
gettstown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1862-June  6,  '71; 
Seventh  Avenue,  New  York  city,  Sept.  20,  1871-Oct.  27,  '74, 
and  at  Bellevue,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Dec.  22,  1874. 

GRAHAM,  William  James: 

Was  born  Sept.  17,  1854,  at  Wattsville,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1883,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  15,  '83,  by  College  Springs;  pastor  of  Rock 
Valley,  la.,  Oct.  '83-Dec.  i,  '84;  Salineville,  O.,  Dec.  17, 
'84-Sept.,'86. 

GRAHAM,  William  Mills  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  5,  1814,  in  Todd  Co.,  Ky. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1841,  by  First  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained in  the  summer  of  '44  by  Illinois;  was  pastor  of  Union 
and  Sparta,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  summer  of  1844-Sept.,  '47; 
Virginia  Grove  and  Harrison,  Louisa  Co.,  la.,  July,  1850- 
'60;  of  Spring  Grove,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  i860-' 63;  died  Dec. 
5,  1863. 


356  THE   MINISTRY. 

GRAHAM,  William  McCreary*: 

Was  born  Sept.  20,  1834,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Madison  College  in  1858,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  Conemaugh 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  13,  '67,  by  Delaware;  was  pastor  at 
E.  Springfield,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i867-'8;  was  S.  S.  at 
Cass  Centre,  la.,  for  a  number  of  years;  joined  the  Presbyte- 
rian Ch.,  and  died  at  Atlantic,  la.,  Sept.  21,  1886. 

GRAY,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1770,  in  Corvoam,  Monoghan  Co.,  Ire- 
land; was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow  in  1793,  and 
studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Rogers,  of  Ballybay,  Ireland; 
was  licensed  by  the  Burgher  Pres.  of  Monoghan  in  1796,  and 
sailed  for  the  U.  S.  in  May,  1797;  joined  the  Pres.  of  Wash- 
ington Sept.  20,  and  was  by  it  ordained  and  installed  at  Heb- 
ron, Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  on  the  13th  of  Nov.,  '97;  resigned 
Oct.  26,  1803,  and  was  pastor  of  Spruce  St.,  Philadelphia,  for 
ten  or  twelve  years.  During  the  greater  part  of  this  time  he  and 
Dr.  S.  B.  Wylie  conducted  a  classical  academy  of  great  celeb- 
rity. He  then  moved  to  Baltimore  and  opened  a  select 
school  for  six  or  eight  years,  and  in  the  spring  of  1823  retired 
to  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  to  make  his  home  with  his  step-son,  the 
Rev.  C.  G.  McLean,  where  he  died  Sept.  20,  1824.  A 
scholar  of  remarkable  attainments.  Publications:  Present 
Duty,  a  Sermon;  The  Priesthoods  of  Melchisedec,  Aaron  and 
the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  i2mo. ;  The  Fiend  of  the  Reformation 
Detected;  Concio  ad  Clerum;  The  Meditorial  Reign  of  the 
Son  of  God,  8vo. ;  The  Theological  Review^  one  year. 

GRAY,  John  Alexander: 

Was  born  June  6,  1848,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  Ap.  16,  1879,  and  ordained, 
sine  titulo^  Aug.  16,  '81,  by  the  same;  was  Prof,  of  Mathe- 
matics in  Central  College,  Ohio,  1874-5,  and  has  been  Prof, 
of  Mathematics  in  Muskingum  College  since  1876. 

GRAY,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1823  in  Hamilton,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Union 
in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap., 


THE   MINISTRY.  357 

1855,  by  Indiana  Pres,  and  ordained  in  Ang.,  '56,  by  the 
same;  pastor  at  Eden,  Ind.,  May,  1856-Ap., '62;  atSummer- 
ville,  Ind.,  Ap.,  i862-'65;  S.  S.  at  Boonville  and  Buffalo, 
i866-'8;  infirm  for  a  period;  pastor  of  Murray  and  connec- 
tions, Ind.,  Ap.  9,  1873-9;  Lone  Grove,  Neb.,  Jan.  24,  1882- 
'6;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1886,  and  died  Feb.  17, 
1887. 

GREEN,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Jan.,  1798,  in  county  Derry,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  Dick  in  Glasgow;  was  licensed  by  a  United  Secession 
Presbytery  in  Ireland,  and  ordained  by  the  same;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1834,  and  joined  the  Pres.  of  Monongahela,  and  be- 
gan supplying  in  Bear  Creek,  Lawrenceburg  and  Unity,  in 
Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1835,  and  was  installed  as  pastor  Oct.  4, 
1837,  in  the  Unity  branch.  Resigned  in  1846,  and  moved  in 
1855  to  Montezuma,  Poweshiek  Co.,  la.;  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.  in  1856,  and  after  having  become  very  infirm  died 
Sept.  4,  1863. 

GREER,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  29,  1822,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  Western  University  in  1844,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  30,  1847,  ^y  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  Ap.  13,  '52;  was  pastor  of 
Mt.  Nebo  and  Rehoboth,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  1852-5;  and  died 
Ap.  4,  1855. 

GREER,  Joseph  Collins  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  13,  1827,  ^lear  Murraysville,  in  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1852,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Oxford;  was  licensed  May  29,  1855, 
by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  19,  '57,  by  the 
same;  pastor  of  Mechanicsburg  and  Centre  1857-Ap.  11, '65; 
S.  S.  at  Susquehanna  and  Lumber  City,  Pa.,  i865-'73;  Pas- 
tor of  Lumber  City  1873-Feb.  7,  '79;  was  Capt.  of  Company 
"H,"  206th  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  until  the  close  of  the 
civil  war;  was  Principal  of  the  Lumber  City  Academy  1873- 
'79. 


358  THE   MINISTRY. 

GRIER,  Isaac,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1776  in  Greene  Co.,  Georgia;  was  graduated 
at  Dickinson  in  1800,  and  studied  theology  with  Rev.  Alex- 
ander Porter,  then  at  Cedar  Spring,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  Sept. 
2,  1802,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained 
in  1804  by  the  First  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas;  was  installed  at 
his  ordination  in  the  charge  of  Sardis,  Providence  and  Wax- 
haw,  in  North  Carolina;  in  1808  he  demitted  Waxhaw  and 
assumed  Steele  Creek;  in  1815  he  resigned  Providence,  and 
in  1842  his  entire  charge,  because  of  the  infirmities  of  age. 
He  died  Sept.  2,  1843.  ^^  "^^^  particularly  successful  in  in- 
fluencing the  young  men  of  his  charge  to  study  for  the  min- 
istry. Nearly  two-thirds  of  his  Presbytery  consisted  of  min- 
isters who  had  been  born  and  reared  within  the  limits  of  his 
pastoral  charge.  He  interested  himself  very  much  in  the 
religious  instruction  of  the  colored  people,  and  catechised 
them  every  Sabbath  during  the  intermission  between  services, 
and  during  the  summer  season  preached  a  sermon  for  their 
special  benefit,  and  a  large  proportion  of  his  communicants 
were  colored. 
GRIER,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  i,  1813,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1838,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Aug.  29,  '39,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Robinson 
Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  Aug.,  1839-Mar.  26,  '78;  died  Nov.  11, 
1886.  Publications:  A  Prospect  for  the  Unconverted,  a  Ser- 
mon, Pulpit  Asso.  Ref  Church,  Vol.  I. ;  The  Death  of  the 
Righteous,  a  Sermon  in  the  same.  Vol.  IV. ;  Temperance,  a 
Lecture;  Are  All  Infants  Saved?  a  Sermon. 

GRIER,  James  Alexander,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  May  8,  1846,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
educated  at  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1873,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  New  York, 
and  ordained  June  23,  '74,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  Cross 
Roads,  Washington  Co.,  June  23,  1874-May  22,  '83;  Second 
Mercer,  Pa.,  Aug.  21,  1883;  also  Prof,  in  the  Theo.  Sem., 
Allegheny,  since  1886.  Publications:  Secret  Societies,  i2mo., 
68  pp.,  1878;  Sabbath  School  Notes,  and  numerous  articles 
for  the  periodical  press. 


THE   MINISTRY.  359 

GRIMES,  William,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Mar.  26,  1821,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  tlieolog>-  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  June  20,  1854,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  18,  '58,  by  Muskingum;  was  installed  at  ordi- 
nation over  Belmont,  High  Ridge  and  McMahan's  Creek, 
Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  released  from  the  last  in  Mar.  1862, 
and  from  High  Ridge  in  June,  1871,  and  still  retains  Belmont. 

GROVE,  John  Lemmon: 

Was  born  Oct.  20,  1841,  at  Muddy  Creek  Forks,  York  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  26,  1871,  by  Big  Spring 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  23,  '72,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Worth- 
ington  and  Rich  Hill,  Armstrong  Co. ,  Pa. ,  from  ordination 
till  Nov.,  '84;  Cove,  Fulton  Co.,  Pa.,  May,  1885- 

GUTHRIE,  Thomas  C,  D.  D.*: 

Was  born  Aug.  7,  1796,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1823,  ^^^  studied 
theology  under  Dr.  Wylie  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  in 
1825  by  the  Pittsburgh  Presbytery  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  26,  '26,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleas- 
ant, Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  i826-'65.  In  Oct.,  1859,  he  and  his 
congregation  joined  the  U.  P.  Presbytery  of  Allegheny.  He 
retired  to  Sparta,  111.,  in  1874,  and  died  there  Mar.  22,  1876. 

HADDEN,  John*: 

Was  born  May  8,  1838,  near  Norwich,  Muskingum  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1862;  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1864,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  June  21,  '66,  by  Des  Moines;  pas- 
tor of  Albia,  Monroe  Co.,  la.,  from  ordination  until  death, 
and  for  a  part  of  that  time  of  Service  also.  He  died  Aug.  25, 
1872,  at  Albia. 
HAFT,  Stephen  L.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1807  near  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1828,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  23,  1835,  by  Second  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  18,  '37,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Sharon  and  Wolf 
Creek,  and  Sunday  Creek,   Noble  and  Morgan  counties,  O., 


360  THE   MINISTRY. 

Ap.,  1837-Mar.  30,  '44,  and  died  Mar.  7,  1847.     Publication: 
A  Sermon  in  Vol.  III.  of  the  A.  R.  Pulpit. 
HAGERTY,  Andrew  Neely: 

Was  born  Mar.  27,  1852,  at  Mt.  Hope,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Lafayette  in  188 1,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1884,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.  14,  '85,  by  Garnett;  pastor  at  Olathe,  Kan. , 
from  ordination  until  July  19,  1887. 

HAGERTY,  James  A.  (A.  R.)  *: 

Was  born  Nov.  15,  1822,  near  Independence,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Madison  College,  Antrim,  O.,  in 
1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
14,  1857,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  21,  '58, 
by  Allegheny ;  was  pastor  of  Hanover,  Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ,  from 
ordination  until  his  death.  He  died  July  20,  1861,  from  con- 
sumption. 

HALL,  George  Maxwell  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  26,  1807,  in  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1831,  and  studied  theology  at 
Cononsburg;  was  licensed  July  8,  1835,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.,  16,  '36,  by  Miami;  was  pastor  of  Madison 
and  Big  Creek,  Ind.,  Sept.,  1836-June  26,  '39;  Sugar  Creek, 
Greene  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  25,  1839-June  25,  '45.  Mr.  Hall  and 
his  people  sympathized  with  Dr.  Heron  in  his  troubles  with 
the  Synod,  and  in  1843  declined  the  authority  of  Synod,  and 
with  Dr.  Heron  constituted  the  Free  Associate  Presbytery  of 
Miami.  A  year  afterward  he  submitted  and  returned  to  the 
Synod,  and  thus  dissolved  that  Presbytery.  He  was  pastor  of 
Florida,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  5,  1849-Ap.,  '62;  of 
the  Second  Ch.,  Boston,  Mass.,  Ap.  17,  i865-'68;  Thomp- 
sonville.  Conn.,  1868-June  30,  '71.  His  health  having  be- 
come infirm,  he  retired  to  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  where  he  died 
Dec.  27,  1874. 
HALLEY,  Ebenezer,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1801  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh  in  182 1,  and  studied  theology  in  the 
United  Secession  Hall  under  Dr.  John  Dick;  was  licensed 
Ap.  5,  1825,  ^^^  soon  afterward  ordained;  was  pastor  in  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  361 

city  of  St.  Andrews  1825-8;  in  the  city  of  Leitli  i828-'38; 
came  to  the  U.  S.,  joined  the  Asso.  Ref,  Synod  of  New  York, 
and  was  pastor  of  the  church  in  Salem,  Washington  Co. ,  N. 
Y.,  Sept.  3,  1838-May  30,  '48;  united  with  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Street  Ch.,  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
i848-'55;  of  the  Third  Ch.,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  i855-'75,  when 
he  was  retired  on  a  pension;  was  chaplain  to  the  State  Sen- 
ate, i873-'8i;  died  Oct.  31,  1881. 

HAMILL,  Robert  Anderson*: 

Was  born  May  11,  1841,  in  Marysville,  Tenn.,  and  was 
educated  at  Washington  College,  la. ;  entered  the  army  in 
1 86 1,  and  served  through  the  civil  war,  and  was  badly  dis- 
abled; was  licensed  in  1875  in  the  Cumberland  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  was  received  in  Sept.,  1878,  by  the  Concordia  Pres. 
as  a  licentiate;  attended  Xenia  Seminary  one  session,  and 
was  ordained  June  22,  '81,  by  Concordia;  pastor  of  Amity, 
Kan.,  from  ordination  until  Oct.  11,  '82,  and  died  Aug.  31, 
1884. 

HAMILTON,  George  Winfield: 

Was  born  in  New  Wilmington,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Mon- 
mouth in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  one  year 
at  the  Pres.  Sem.  at  Chicago;  was  licensed  June  8,  1875,  by 
Le  Claire  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  27,  ''']']^  by  the  same;  pas- 
tor of  Elvira,  la..  Mar.,  1877-Sept.  15,  '80;  of  Little  York, 
111.,  Oct.  27,  1880-Dec.   22,   '85,  S.  S.  Sterling,  Dak.,  1886- 

HAMILTON,  John  McLean: 

Was  born  June  5,  1852,  in  Fairview,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1878,  by  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  14,  '79,  by  Cedar  Rapids,  and  installed  at 
Amity,  Grundy  Co.,  la. 

HAMILTON,  Robert  Calvin,  M.  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  9,  1847,  at  Morning  Sun,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1873,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec. 
14,  '^']']^  by  Southern  Illinois;  pastor  of  Jordan's  Grove,  111., 
Dec,  1877-Ap.  I,  1879;  resides  at  Lebanon,  Mo. 

23 


362  THE   MINISTRY. 

HAMILTON,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1776  near  Washington,  Pa.;  was  educated  at 
the  Canonsburg  Grammar  School  and  Dickinson  College,  and 
studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson,  at  Service;  was  li- 
censed May  I,  1800,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Penn.,  and  ordained 
June  10,  1802,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  in  New  York  city 
from  his  ordination  until  his  death.  He  died  Aug.  23,  1818. 
Publications:  A  Sermon  appended  to  Mr.  Miller's  sketch  of 
his  life;  another  Sermon  in  Vol.  XV  of  the  Religious  Moni- 
tor. 

HAMMOND,  James  C.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  14,  1845,  ^^  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1875,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  27,  '76,  by  Delaware;  pastor  of  Meredith,  Del- 
aware Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  27,  1876-Aug.  28,'  83;  Howard, 
N.  Y.,  May  6,  1884-May  15,  '87.  Served  in  the  Illinois  vol- 
unteers during  the  civil  war  Oct.  1863-Sept.,  '65. 

HAMMOND,  Robert  Johnston  (A.): 

Was  born  Jan.  21,  1820,  near  New  Athens,  O.,  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  June,  1842,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  was  or- 
dained Nov.  9,  '43,  by  Albany;  pastor  at  Albany,  N.  Y., 
1843-July,  '44;  Burgettstown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  1846- 
'56;  residing  without  a  charge  at  Americus,  Lyon  Co.,  Kan. 

HAMMOND,  Robert  N.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  2,  1852,  in  Aughnacloy,  county  Tyrone, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  26,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres., 
and  ordained  Feb.  19,  '79,  by  Vermont;  was  pastor  at  Barnet 
Centre  from  ordination  until  Sept.  5,  '82;  Thompson ville, 
Conn.,  Sept.  i,  1885- 
HANEY,  William  H.  : 

Was  bom  Mar.  12,  1840,  at  Norwich,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1863,  ^^^  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1864,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  8,  '65,  by  Xenia;  was  pastor  of 
Cedarville,  O.,   1865-Oct.,  '72,  of  Beulah  and  Mumford,  N. 


THE    MINISTRY.  363 

Y.,  June  18,  1873-Oct.  15,  '83;  East  Greenwich,  N.  Y.,  June 
10,  1884-Aug.  21,  '87. 

HANNA,  Albert  J. : 

Was  bom  June  i8,  1859,  at  New  Athens,  O. ;  was  graduated 
in  1879  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton  and 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1882,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  21,  '82,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  at  Buchanan  Hill, 
Marshall  Co.,  W.  Va.,  Nov.,  1882-June  i,  '84;  of  Sterling, 
Kan.,  May  i,  1886- 

HANNA,  John  H.  : 

Was  received  in  1878  by  the  Stamford  Pres.  from  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  of  Canada,  and  has  spent  most  of  his  time  in 
Kansas,  and  went  to  Europe  in  1886- 
HANNA,  Thomas,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1799,  at  North  Buffalo,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1818,  and  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  Aug.  16,  1820, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  10,  '21,  by  the  same; 
installed  at  ordination  over  Cadiz,  Piney  Fork  and  Willis' 
Creek,  O. ;  in  a  few  years  demitted  the  last;  in  Nov.,  '35,  gave 
up  Piney  Fork,  and  finally  Cadiz  in  Ap.,  '49;  was  pastor  of 
Washington,  Pa.,  May,  1851-summer  of  '62;  was  Stated 
Clerk  of  the  Asso.  Synod  1842-58.  His  health  failed  very 
much  during  the  last  two  years  of  his  life,  but  his  death  took 
place  from  paralysis  Feb.  9,  1864. 
HANNA,  Thomas  Beveridge  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas;  was  born  Mar.  27,  1828,  near 
Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1844,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1848,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  13,  '49,  by  Chartiers;  was 
pastor  of  Clinton,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination 
until  his  death.  He  died  Feb.  5,  1852,  from  inflammation 
of  the  bowels,  which  was  the  result  of  a  severe  attack  of 
bilious  colic.  Publications:  After  his  death  a  volume  of  four- 
teen sermons  was  published. 
HANNA,  Thomas  Henderson,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  May  5,  1837,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 


364  THE   MINISTRY, 

was  licensed  Ap.  17,  i860,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Feb.  18,  '62,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  the  Fifth  Ch., 
Philadelphia,  Feb.,  1862-67;  of  the  Second  Ch.,  Pittsburgh, 
Oct.,  1867-Oct.,  '75;  First  Ch.,  Xenia,  O.,  Oct.,  1875-Aug., 
'80;  First  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111.,  since  Nov.  i,  1880.  Dele- 
gate to  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884. 
HANNAY,  Thomas,  D.  D.*: 

Was  born  in  1806  in  Scotland,  and  educated  there,  and  or- 
dained in  1842  by  the  New  York  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch. ; 
was  pastor  of  the  Conecocheague  congregation,  (Covenanter,) 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  1842-4.  After  other  labors  in  the  mother 
church  he  joined  the  Stamford  Pres.  of  the  United  Presbyte- 
rian Ch.  in  1872,  and  remained  without  charge  at  Williams- 
ford,  Ontario,  Canada,  until  his  death,  June  7,  1881. 
HANNON,  John  Ewing  (A.  R.)*: 

(Sometimes  spelled  Heanon);  was  born  Feb.  4,  1800,  near 
Newville,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1829;  studied 
theology  two  years  with  Mungo  Dick,  one  year  with  Dr. 
Pressly  and  one  year  with  Dr.  Chalmers  in  Edinburgh ;  was 
licensed  Ap.  25,  1832,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  titiilo^  Nov.  13,  '33,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Hinkston  and 
Lexington,  Ky.,  1835-8;  in  Elkhart  Co.,  Ind.,  while  engaged 
more  or  less  in  secular  business  he  preached  at  Leesburg,  New 
Paris,  etc.,  1838-51;  removed  to  Linn  Co.,  Ore.,  where  he 
performed  missionary  work,  and  died  June  17,  1863,  from 
cancer  of  the  stomach. 
HARKNESS,  Robert*: 

Was  born,  educated  and  ordained  in  Scotland;  was  received 
by  the  Boston  Pres.  in  1872;  was  pastor  of  Whitinsville,  Mass., 
Jan.  21,  1873-Ap.  22,  '74,  and  then  passed  to  Canada,  and 
died  in  1881  in  Scotland. 

HARPER,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Came  to  the  U.  S.  when  well  advanced  in  years,  and  joined 
the  First  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  in  Dec,  1799,  "duly 
attested  from  the  Pres.  of  Derry  in  the  kingdom  of  Ireland." 
He  passed  at  once  to  the  extreme  western  point  of  Virginia, 
and  supplied  a  cluster  of  little  churches  at  Abbington,  Beaver 
Creek,  Silver  Spring,  Rock  Spring,  Glade  Spring  and  Forks 


THE   MINISTRY.  365 

of  Holston  in  Washington  and  Russell  counties.     Here  he 

died  Sept.  15,  j8o2. 

HARPER,  James,  Jr.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  arrived  from  Ireland  in  Oct.,  1800, 
and  was  immediately  received  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Pennsyl- 
vania on  testimonials  from  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Derry.  He 
joined  his  father  in  southwestern  Virginia  and  assisted  him 
in  his  wide  spread  charge  during  the  remainder  of  his  life, 
and  succeeded  him  in  the  pastoral  relation  in  1803.  In  1805 
the  General  Synod  transferred  Mr.  Harper  and  these  churches 
from  the  Big  Spring  Pres.  to  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky  in  the 
Synod  of  Scioto.  The  probabilities  are  that  Mr.  Harper  did 
not  long  survive  the  transfer,  and  as  this  Pres.  was  distracted 
and  unhappy  in  all  its  history,  making  everything  to  wither 
that  came  under  its  rule,  so  these  churches  soon  passed  from 
its  roll. 
HARPER,  James,  D.  D.,  hh.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  1823  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the  Royal 
Belfast  College  and  Seminary;  was  licensed  in  1848  by  the 
Belfast  Presbytery,  and  ordained  Oct.  31,  '50,  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.  of  Albany,  U.  S. ;  was  pastor  of  the  Second  Asso.  Ch. 
New  York  City,  (now  Seventh  Avenue,)  1850-Nov.  i,  '68; 
Prof,  of  Theology  in  the  Newburgh  Seminary  1867-78,  and 
in  the  Xenia  Seminary  since  1879;  was  Moderator  of  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  in  1868.  Publications:  Sundry  newspaper, 
magazine  and  review  articles;  a  Sermon  preached  before  the 
Gen.  Ass.,  in  1869;  and  papers  read  by  appointment  before  the 
Synod  of  New  York;  A  Counterblast  to  the  Organ,  pp.  99, 
1881. 

HARPER,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  was  brought  up 
in  the  Old  School  Covenanter  Church;  came  to  the  U.  S.,  in 
1848,  and  united  with  the  Asso.  Ch.,  in  East  Salem,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  July  28,  1856,  by  Wash- 
ington Presbytery,  Asso.  Ref ,  and  ordained  Dec.  8,  '58,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1858-July,  '72;  of  Bethel  and  Harmony,  Peoria  Co.,  111., 
since  May  3,  1873. 


366  THE   MINISTRY. 

HARPER,  Robert  D.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  27,  1823,  i^  Washington  .Co.,  Pa.,  and 
reared  principally  in  Allegheny  City;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1841,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.  26,  1844,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  22,  '46,  by  Springfield;  was  pastor  in 
Xenia  1 846-' 68;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor 
at  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  for  a  short  time,  and  then  transferred 
to  North  Broad  Street,  Philadelphia.  He  was  ten  years  Sec- 
retary of  the  Board  of  Home  Missions  of  the  United  Pres- 
byterian Church,  and  Moderator  of  her  General  Assembly  in 
1861.  Publications:  The  Church  Memorial,  i2mo.,  pp.  407, 
1858. 

HARPER,  William  Speer: 

Was  born  Nov.  16,  1848,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Muskingum  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  June  20,  1871,  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Aug.  21,  '72,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Barlow,  O.,  1872-Aug. 
26,  '73;  Buena  Vista,  Pa.,  Sept.  i,  1874-Dec.  15,  '74;  Nor- 
wich, O.,  Aug.  17,  1875-N0V.  13,  '77;  ii6th  Street,  New 
York,  Ap.  9,  1878-Feb.  10,  '79;  of  Fredericksburg  O. ,  Ap. 
15,  1879-Oct.  17,  '83. 

HARRIS,  Daniel: 

Was  born  June  14,  1835,  i^  Clinton  Co.,  Ind.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth; was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1863,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  2,  '64,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Fountain  Green, 
111.,  Aug.,  1864-Dec.  28,  '69;  Lacona,  Warren  Co.,  la.,  Nov. 
7,  1870-N0V.  15,  ''']']\  Principal  of  the  Lacona  Academy. 
Pastor  Ryegate,  Vt,  Feb.  9,  1886- 

HARRIS,  Eleazar  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  a  native  of  the  south,  and  was  graduated  at  Transyl- 
vania University,  at  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  entered  the  Theo- 
logical Seminary  in  New  York  in  1811;  was  licensed  July  13, 
1815,  with  Charles  Strong,  by  the  First  Pres.,  of  the  Caroli- 
nas,  and  ordained  in  Oct.,  '20,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Ebenezer,  Fairfield  county,  S.  C. 


THE   MINISTRY.  367 

HARRIS,  James  R.  : 

Was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  111.;  took  a  partial  course  in 
Monmouth  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed 
in  April,  1862,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  '63  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Ellisville,  111.,  i863-'5;  at  Ross 
Grove,  111.,  i866-'7;  he  then  joined  the  Congregational  Ch., 
afterward  he  became  a  Spiritualist,  and  finally  turned  to  secu- 
lar pursuits. 

HARSH  A,  John  Walker  (A.): 

Was  born  Mar.  9,  1808,  in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  27,  1838,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  28,  '40,  by  Ohio;  was  S.  S.  for  a  year  at  New  Lisbon  and 
W.  Beaver,  in  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  and  then  pastor  i840-'44; 
of  Bethel,  Lawrence  Co. ,  Pa.,  1844-53;  was  obliged  to  resign 
because  of  a  disease  of  the  throat;  was  Prof,  of  Latin  and 
English  Literature  in  Westminster  College  1853-6,  since 
which  he  has  resided  at  Argyle,  unable  to  labor  because  of 
nervous  pain  and  prostration,  preventing  any  sleep  for  three 
and  even  six  nights  in  succession.  Publications:  Pardon  of 
Sin,  i6mo.,  pp.  241,  1853;  Song  of  the  Redeemed,  i2mo., 
pp.,  482,  1870;  a  Sermon  for  the  Times,  1856;  An  Address 
on  the  Course  and  Design  of  Collegiate  Study,  and  a  number 
of  Essays  in  the  periodicals  of  the  Church. 

HARSH  A,  WiLUAM  WiLLiTT,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  May  23,  1821,  in  West  Hebron,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1843,  ^^^  studied  law  in 
Salem,  N.  Y.  When  about  commencing  practice  his  views 
of  duty  changed,  and  he  studied  theology  privately  and  was 
licensed  Ap.  28,  1846,  by  Cambridge  Pres.  (Bullions'),  and 
ordained  by  it  in  Oct.  of  the  same  year;  was  pastor  of  Galena, 
111.,  Nov.,  1846-Mar.  '54.  He  then  united  with  the  Presby- 
terian Church,  and  was  pastor  of  Savanna,  111.,  1854-5;  of 
Dixon,  111.,  1855-61;  of  South  Church,  Chicago,  1861-9; 
of  Jacksonville,  111.,  i869-'85;  and  is  now  President  of  Belle- 
vue  College,  Neb. 
HARSHAW,  Aedrew  Henry: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Michael;  was  born  Sept.  13,  1848,  at  Cut- 


368  THE   MINISTRY. 

ler,  Perry  Co.,  111.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1877, 
by  Southern  Illinois  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7,  '78,  by  Sec- 
ond New  York;  pastor  of  Jane  Street,  New  York,  May,  1878- 
Dec,  27,  '80;  of  Second  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Feb.  13,  i88i-Dec.  26, 
'83;  co-editor  of  The  Midland  i884-'5;  pastor  of  West  51st 
St.,  New  York,  July  13,  1885-  Publications:  Do  You  Pray 
in  Secret?  a  Tract,  pp.  26,  1880;  frequent  articles  in  The 
Midland  and  United  Presbyterian. 

HARSHAW,  Michael*: 

Was  born  in  1807  in  coimty  Armagh,  Ireland;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1826,  and  settled  in  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  Western  University  in  1838,  and  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  John  Black,  of  Pittsburgh;  was  licensed  in  1840  by 
the  Pittsburgh  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch.,  and  ordained  Nov. 

9,  '42,  by  the  Western  Pres.  of  the  same  Ch. ;  was  pastor  of 
Six  Mile  Prairie  (Cutler)  111.,  from  his  ordination  until  his 
death.  He  came  with  his  congregation  in  1870,  when  the 
Western  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch.  united  with  the  United 
Presbyterian  Ch.     He  died  of  dysentery  Aug.  11,  1874. 

HARSHAW,  William  Roseborough: 

Son  of  Rev.  Michael;  was  born  Oct.  11,  1856,  at  Cutler, 
111. ;  was  graduated  in  1883  at  Westminster,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Union  Sem.,  New  York  city;  was  licensed  Dec.  30, 
1884,  by  Southern  Illinois  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  10,  '85, 
by  New  York;  pastor  East  119th  St.,  New  York  city,  Nov. 

10,  1885-May,  '87;  Steubenville,  O.,  since  May,  1887. 
HARVEY,  William: 

Was  born  Oct.  30,  1835,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  1850;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny ;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1864, 
by  the  Pres.  of  Detroit,  and  ordained  Aug.  29,  '65,  by  the 
same.  He  sailed  Sept.  30,  1865,  as  missionary  to  Egypt. 
His  labors  have  been  confined  principally  to  the  Fayoum  and 
Cairo. 
HATCH,  Cyrus  Blanchard: 

Was  born  near  Franklin,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  West- 
ern University  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 


THE   MINISTRY.  369 

and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  June  27,  1871,  by  Monongaliela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  25,  '72,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Mifflin  and  Jefferson,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  1872-Dec.  31,  '75; 
Mansfield,  same  Co.,  Mar.  28,  1876-May  31,  '79;  of  Irwin's 
Station,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Ap.  13,  1880-Sep.  4,  '83;  S.  S. 
at  Denver,  Col.,  1884;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at 
Dravosburg,  Pa. 

HAWK,  James  Steene:* 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  Co.,  educated  at  Franklin  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1864,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  27,  '65,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  East  Liberty,  Pittsburgh,  June,  1865- Aug.  3, 
'69;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  in  charge  of  San 
Rafael,  Cal.,  Oct.  28,  1874. 

HAWK,  IvEsuE  Elliott: 

Was  born  Sept.  26,  1851,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Jan.  20,  1880,  by  the  Butler  Pres., 
and  ordained  Feb.  17,  '82,  by  Delaware;  S.  S.  at  Pepacton, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.,  1882,  and  pastor  Oct.  8,  1882- 

HAWTHORNE,  William  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  18,  1816,  in  county  Down,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Belfast  College,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Free 
Church  Hall  in  Edinburgh;  was  licensed  in  May,  1849,  ^Y 
the  Presbytery  of  Banbridge,  Ireland,  and  ordained  Sept.  26, 
'52,  by  Cambridge;  pastor  of  Hemmingsford  and  Hinchin- 
brook,  Canada  East,  1852-May,  i860;  Hemmingsford  and 
Covey  Hill,  i860-' 70.  A  severe  injury  disabled  him  from 
preaching  for  four  years,  and  by  that  time  the  St.  Lawrence 
Presbytery  had  been  dissolved  and  the  United  Presbyterian 
congregations  in  this  part  of  Canada  had  formed  Canadian  con- 
nections, so  in  1876  Mr.  Hawthorne  joined  the  Presbytery  of 
Montreal  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  of  Canada,  and  has  been 
laboring  under  its  care  as  far  as  his  health  allows,  retaining 
his  home  at  Hemmingsford. 

HAYS,  William  Gilbert  McDill: 

Was  born  Sept.  20,  1853,  at  Sunbeam,  Mercer  Co.,  111.; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at 


370  THE   MINISTRY. 

Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  30,  1880,  by  Monmouth  Pres,,  and 
ordained  June  28,    '81,    by  Le  Claire;  pastor  of  Elvira,  la., 
June  28,  i88i-Mar.  2,  '86  S.  S.,  at  Waitsburg,  Wash.  Ter. 
HEIDGER,  Nicholas  Euther: 

Was  born  Nov.  6,  1856,  in  Pillig,  Circuit  of  Coblentz, 
Prussia,  and  was  reared  a  Roman  Catholic;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1884,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  13,  1886,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
14,  '87,  by  Indiana;  pastor  at  Rushville,  Ind.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 
HEMPHILE,  John  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  of  Covenanter  parentage  in  1761,  in  county  Derry, 
Ireland;  came  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1783,  and  in  1785  re- 
moved to  Chester  District,  S.  C,  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in 
1792,  and  studied  theology  with  Alex.  Dobbin,  in  Gettysburg, 
and  Mat.  Lind,  of  Greencastle;  was  licensed  May  27,  1794, 
by  the  First  Pres.  of  Penn.,  and  ordained  by  it  in  the  follow- 
ing Oct. ;  assumed  the  pastoral  care  of  Hopewell,  Union  and 
Ebenezer  congregations,  Chester  District,  S.  C,  in  the  fall 
of  1795,  although  not  installed  until  Sept.,  19,  1796.  He  re- 
mained pastor  until  about  a  year  before  his  death,  when  from 
failure  of  memory  he  was  constrained  to  resign.  He  was  a 
man  of  mark  in  many  ways,  a  profound  theologian,  a  clear 
expositor  of  Scripture,  a  strong  reasoner,  and  yet  practical  in 
all  things.  He  had  his  congregations  divided  into  districts, 
and  in  each  of  these  the  families  met  together  on  the  "silent 
Sabbaths"  in  each  others'  houses  and  spent  two  or  three 
hours  in  praise  and  prayer,  and  the  reading  of  Scripture  and 
of  sermons,  and  in  repeating  the  Larger  and  Shorter  Cate- 
chisms. The  elders  also  drilled  the  youth  in  the  Catechisms 
on  the  Sabbath  at  church  between  the  services.  The  result 
was  a  people  thoroughly  instructed  in  doctrines  and  of  godly 
life,  and  old  Hopewell  sent  out  three  colonies  to  the  west,  one 
of  which  divided  into  three  congregations,  and  all  of  which 
were  an  honor  to  the  mother  church. 

Dr.  Hemphill  was  always  opposed  to  slavery,  although  he 
lived  and  died  in  its  midst.  By  his  second  wife  he  became 
legally  possessed  of  a  number  of  slaves,  yet  he  never  claimed 
them  as  his  property.     They  were  always  assessed  and  known 


THE   MINISTRY.  37I 

as  the  "servants  of  Mrs.  Hemphill,"  but  he  saw  to  it  that 
they  were  brought  up  in  the  nurture  and  admonition  of  the 
Lord,  and  most  of  them  and  many  of  their  descendants  lived 
and  died  as  consistent  members  of  his  church.  He  died  May 
20,  1832.  Publications:  A  Discourse  Upon  the  Duty  and 
Occasions  of  Fasting,  with  an  Appendix,  8  vo.,  pp.  160;  A 
Sermon  on  Permanent  Peace,  Vol.  IH  Associate  Reformed 
Pulpit. 
HENDERSON,  Ebenezer  (A.)*: 

The  third  son  of  the  Rev.  Matthew,  Sr. ;  was  born  at  Ox- 
ford, Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated  mainly  by  his  father 
and  at  the  academy  at  Canonsburg;  studied  theology  with  Dr. 
J.  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  in  Aug.,  1799,  by  the 
Asso.  Pres.  of  Penn,,  and  ordained,  sine  tittdo^  June  24,  1800, 
by  Chartiers  on  the  second  day  of  its  first  meeting;  accepted 
a  call  from  the  united  congregations  of  Pittsburgh,  Turtle 
Creek  and  Bethel,  Dec.  30,  1801,  although  not  installed  until 
the  following  summer,  and  was  released  April  13,  1804.  He 
went  immediately,  according  to  Synodic  appointment,  to  sup- 
ply the  churches  in  the  Carolinas.  About  the  first  of  Sept. ,  he 
took  a  fever  and  started  for  home  on  horseback,  but  was  so 
ill  and  delirious  by  the  time  he  arrived  at  Staunton  Va.,  that 
he  could  go  no  further,  and  there  died  in  an  inn  and  was 
buried  by  strangers,  and  to  this  day  a  sandstone  marks  his 
resting  place,  upon  which  is  inscribed:  "  Here  lies  the  body 
of  the  Rev.  Ebenezer  Henderson,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
who  departed  this  life  September  17,  1804." 

HENDERSON,  George  D.,  (A.)*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  Matthew,  Sr. ;  was  born  Mar.  13, 
1818,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated  at  Muskingum 
and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  8, 
1847,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '49,  by 
Illinois;  was  pastor  of  Granville,  Putnam  Co.,  111.,  i849-'65; 
removed  to  Monmouth,  111,,  where  he  was  Superintendent  of 
Schools,  Financial  Agent,  Treasurer  and  Trustee  of  the  Col- 
lege, and  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Education.  He  died  Nov. 
15,  1877,  of  toxemia. 
HENDERSON,  James  McConnell  (A.): 

Was  born   Feb.   28,   1805,   in  Washington  Co.,   Pa.:  was 


372  THE   MINISTRY. 

graduated  at  Franklin  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1833,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  8,  '34,  by  Miami,  and  installed  pastor  of 
Carmel,  Madison  and  Big  Creek,  in  Indiana;  resigned  the  last 
two  in  the  fall  of  '35,  and  Carmel  in  the  autumn  of '44;  in- 
stalled over  the  congregations  of  Northfield,  Claysville  and 
Keene,  in  the  Muskingum  Pres.,  in  the  spring  of  '45;  resigned 
the  last  in  '46;  exchanged  Claysville  for  New  Concord  in  '55; 
resigned  Northfield  in  '58,  and  also  New  Concord  in  '59,  that 
that  congregation  might  unite  with  the  Asso.  Ref.  congrega- 
tion vacated  by  Dr.  Waddle  and  call  a  new  man;  was  pastor 
of  Poland,  Mahoning  Co.,  O.,  i859-'65;  of  Winfield,  la., 
i865-'7i;  ofElkhorn,  111.,  i872-'7.     Retired  as  infirm. 

HENDERSON,  John  Armstrong: 

Was  born  July  9,  1853,  ^^^^  Washington,  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1879,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  7,  '80,  by  Sidney;  pastor  of  Kenton,  Ap.  7, 
1880-June  12,  '85;  2d  Omaha  since  Ap.,  1887. 

HENDERSON,  John  McClennahan: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James  M. ;  was  born  Dec.  17,  1843,  at 
South  Hanover,  Ind, ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1864, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Monmouth ;  was  licensed 
Ap.  5,  1867,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  2,  '68,  by 
Monmouth;  was  pastor  of  Third  Ch.,  Monmouth,  May,  1868- 
Dec,  '72;  of  Elmira,  111.,  Dec.  31,  1873-Aug.  27,  '84;  Traer, 
la.,  Nov.  18,  1886;  was  for  a  short  time  Assistant  Financial 
Agent  of  Monmouth  College,  and  for  a  number  of  years  Cor- 
responding Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Education.  Publica- 
tion: History  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Congregation  of 
Elmira,  Stark  Co.,  111.,  1877. 

HENDERSON,  Matthew,  Sr.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1735  in  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Anti-burgher 
Hall,  then  presided  over  by  Alex.  Moncrieff";  was  licensed  in 
1756,  and  ordained  in  the  summer  of  '58  by  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Perth  and  Dunfermline,  and  immediately  sent  to  America 
to  reinforce  Messrs,  Gellatly  and  Proudfit.     Pretty  soon  after 


THE   MINISTRY.  373 

his  arrival  he  settled  as  pastor  of  Oxford,  Chester  Co. ,  Pa. , 
and  Pencader,  in  the  edge  of  the  State  of  Delaware,  near  the 
present  village  of  Newark;  two-thirds  of  his  time  to  the 
former,  where  he  resided,  and  one-third  to  the  latter.  Here 
he  remained  until  1781,  when  he  became  pastor  of  Chartiers 
and  Buffalo,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa,  the  first  settled  minister 
of  the  Associate  Ch.  west  of  the  Allegheny  mountains. 

He  was  not  present  at  the  meeting  of  his  Pres.  in  June, 
1782,  when  the  union  of  the  Associate  Ch.  with  the  Reformed 
took  place,  and  would  most  likely  have  opposed  it,  but  he 
acquiesced  and  entered  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod.  This  Synod  in 
1787  appointed  the  elder  Dr.  Mason,  Robert  Annan  and  John 
Smith  to  prepare  an  "Illustration  and  Defence  of  the  West- 
minster Confession, "  as  a  step  in  the  formulating  and  fixing 
of  the  standards  of  the  church.  While  the  report  of  the  com- 
mittee (known  as  "The  Overture")  was  under  consideration 
in  the  Synod  of  1789,  and  before  half  of  its  chapters  had 
passed  under  review,  Mr.  Henderson  presented  a  paper 
drafted  by  himself  and  also  signed  by  John  Smith  and  Wil- 
liam Logan,  to  the  following  purport:  "Will  the  Synod  ap- 
prove the  judicial  act  and  testimony  of  the  Associate  Presby- 
tery of  Scotland  and  their  act  concerning  the  doctrine  of 
grace?  Will  the  Synod  adopt  the  declaration  made  by  that 
Presbytery  respecting  civil  dominion  and  qualifications  neces- 
sary to  the  being  of  a  magistrate  ?  Do  the  Synod  think  that 
the  renovation  in  the  Covenant  in  the  Secession  is  a  renova- 
tion of  the  National  Covenant  and  Solemn  League  ?  Do  the 
Synod  profess  themselves  to  be  under  the  formal  obligations 
of  these  covenants  considered  as  ecclesiastical  deeds?  Will 
the  Synod  give  up  the  scheme  of  occasional  communion  in  all 
ordinary  cases,  and  confine  the  privilege  to  the  members  ot 
our  own  church?  "  The  members  of  the  Synod  had  an  extra- 
judicial conference  upon  the  questions  thus  submitted,  but 
failed  to  satisfy  their  authors.  The  next  day  these  three 
withdrew,  although  Messrs.  Smith  and  Logan  subsequently 
returned  to  the  Synod.  Mr.  Henderson  never  returned,  but 
went  to  the  Asso.  Pres.,  and,  after  acknowledging  his  error 
in  going  into  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. ,  was  received  as  a  member. 

He  was  a  man  of  large  size  and  very  erect  figure,  of  very 


374  THK   MINISTRY. 

swarthy  complexion,  had  a  keen,  black  eye,  and  voice  of  re- 
markable power  and  distinctness.  He  always  enjoyed  good 
health,  and  possessed  great  muscular  power,  yet  such  had 
been  his  labors  and  exposure  that  at  sixty  he  had  become 
considerably  infirm.  He  possessed  great  physical  courage, 
and  yet  was  much  troubled  with  the  fear  of  death.  A  kind 
Providence  removed  him  so  suddenly  as  to  disappoint  all  his 
fears.  On  the  morning  of  Oct.  2,  1795,  he  went  out  to  where 
two  of  his  sons  were  cutting  down  a  bee-tree,  and  while  watch- 
ing the  operation  at  what  he  supposed  to  be  a  safe  location, 
the  tree  fell  sooner  than  was  expected,  because  of  a  decayed 
centre,  and  also  in  an  opposite  direction.  The  point  of  one 
of  the  outer  limbs  struck  him  upon  the  head  and  instantly 
killed  him.  He  had  much  to  do  with  the  incipient  measures 
which  finally  resulted  in  the  establishment  of  Jefferson 
College, 

HENDERSON,  Matthew  (the  younger)  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Matthew,  and  was  born  Jan. 
10,  1762,  on  the  Octoraro  Creek,  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
educated  partly  by  his  father,  but  mone  particularly  by  his 
neighbor,  the  Rev.  John  Smith,  who  had  been  appointed  by 
the  Pres.  to  instruct  young  men  "in  Philosophy."  In  1781 
he  removed  with  his  father  to  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  and  studied 
theology  mostly  with  his  father,  although  it  is  believed  that 
he  returned  for  a  season  to  enjoy  the  instructions  of  Mr.  Smith. 
He  was  licensed  in  May,  1784,  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref  Pres., 
which  embraced  all  the  churches  west  of  the  Susquehanna. 
This  was  the  first  licensure  which  took  place  in  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Ch.,  and  Mr.  Henderson  was  the  first  minister  of  any  of  the 
Scottish  churches  trained  and  educated  in  America.  He  was 
ordained  by  the  Second  Pres.  in  Nov.,  1785,  and  installed  pas- 
tor of  The  Forks  of  the  Yough,  now  Bethesda,  some  twenty- five 
miles  south  of  Pittsburgh,  and  also  of  Brush  Creek,  now  Bethel, 
Westmoreland  Co.,  about  ten  miles  distant.  These  were  the 
places  of  worship,  while  the  families  of  his  charge  were  scat- 
tered over  a  territory  forty  or  fifty  miles  long  and  twenty  wide. 
In  1788  he  gave  up  Brush  Creek  and  took  in  its  place  a  small 
congregation  near  Brownsville,  but  in  1800  he  changed  back 
to  the  original  charge.     In  '18  he  resigned  Brush  Creek,  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  375 

in  '29,  because  of  the  infirmities  of  age,  gave  up  Betliesda. 
He  died  July  21,  1835.  A  sermon  of  his  was  published  in  the 
second  volume  of  the  A.  R.  Pulpit — theme,  Rest  for  the 
Weary. 

HENNING,  William  Edward  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1824,  ^^  Mullaghlass,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Belfast  College  and  Presbyterian 
Seminary;  was  licensed  Feb.  12,  1850,  by  Newry  Pres. ;  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  1852,  and  was  ordained  June  30,  '53,  by  Cam- 
bridge Pres.  (Bullions);  pastor  of  North  Argyle,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

HENRY,  Addison*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Robert  W. ;  was  born  about  1833  in  St. 
Clair,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1854, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1857, 
by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  3,  '58,  by  Saratoga; 
was  pastor  of  W.  Charlton,  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  his 
ordination  until  his  death;  died  Dec.  6,  1863,  of  scrofulous 
abscess  in  his  back. 

HENRY,  Andrew: 

Was  born  in  Aug.,  1845,  i^i  Ballymoney,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1867,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1869,  by  West- 
moreland Pres.,  and  ordained  June  13,  '71,  by  First  New 
York;  was  pastor  of  East  Eleventh  St.,  New  York,  June,  1871- 
-^P-  23,  '73;  of  Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  Sept.  16, 
1873- 
HENRY,  Robert  W.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1825  i^  St.  Clair,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Duquesne  College  in  1846,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1849,  t»y  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  17,  '50,  by  Springfield;  was  pastor 
of  Springfield,  O.,  Dec,  1850-June  9,  '53;  of  Sugar  Creek, 
O.,  Dec,  1853-Aug.,  '55;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and 
was  assistant  pastor  with  Dr.  McElroy  in  New  York,  and 
then  pastor  in  Philadelphia.  He  died  Oct.  8,  1869,  i^  Alex- 
andria, Eg}'pt,  of  Syrian  fever. 


376  THE   MINISTRY. 

HENRY,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  7,  1830,  near  Bloomington,  Ind. ;  was  grad- 
ated at  the  Indiana  State  University,  and  studied  theology  at 
Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1854,  by  Indiana  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same  in  the  autumn  of  '55,  sine  titulo^  although 
he  had  received  a  call  which  he  declined  becaused  of  ill 
health.  Died  Ap.  18,  1856,  from  consumption. 
HERON,  Andrew,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  13,  1788,  in  Glasserton,  Wigtonshire,  Scot- 
land; was  educated  in  languages  and  mathematics  in  the 
High  School  of  Whithorn;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1807  and 
taught  school  in  Florida  and  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  and  continued 
his  literary  studies  with  Dr.  Alex.  Bullions.  In  1810  he  en- 
tered the  Theo.  Sem.  at  Service,  Pa.,  under  Dr.  J.  Anderson, 
and  spent  his  summers  at  Jefferson  College;  was  licensed 
Sept.  I,  1813,  by  the  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  i, 
'15,  by  the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas;  was  pastor  of  Timber 
Ridge  and  Ebenezer,  in  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.,  Ap.,  1815- 
July,  '32;  of  Caesar's  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  Aug.  1832-45. 
In  1843  he  was  suspended  for  "insubordination,"  because  he 
had  gone  to  hear  the  Rev.  H.  H.  Blair  preach  on  a  week-day 
in  his  church  at  Caesar's  Creek.  As  Mr.  Blair  had  been  de- 
posed by  the  Synod  for  adhering  to  the  Bullions  party,  Dr. 
Heron's  conduct  was  regarded  as  giving  countenance  and  ap- 
proval to  the  "exscinded  brethren"  in  their  divisive  and 
contumacious  course,  and  as  he  refused  to  acknowledge  any 
error  in  his  conduct  he  was  adjudged  and  treated  as  insubor- 
dinate. His  neighbor,  the  Rev.  G.  M.  Hall,  sympathized 
with  him,  and  as  the  greater  part  of  their  congregations  ad- 
hered to  them,  they  organized  the  "Free  Associate  Presby- 
tery of  Miami."  A  year  afterward  Mr.  Hall  returned  to 
the  Synod,  and  this  dissolved  their  Pres.,  and  Dr.  Heron  re- 
signed his  charge  and  moved  into  Xenia,  and  in  July,  1845, 
united  with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  In  1848  he  united  with  the 
New  School  Covenanters  and  took  charge  of  the  congre- 
gation of  Garrison  Creek,  in  Fayette  Co.,  Ind.  Here  he 
remained  for  eleven  years,  when  he  deemed  it  best,  be- 
cause of  the  growing  infirmities  of  age  and  increasing  deaf- 
ness, to  retire  from  the  pastorate.     As  his  Synod  declined 


THE    MINISTRY.  377 

going  into  the  union  of  1858,  contrary  to  his  judgment  and 
wishes,  he  united  with  the  Indiana  Pres.  of  United  Presby- 
terian Ch.  in  Sept.,  1859.  No  longer  able  to  labor  in  the 
ministry,  he  removed  to  Cedarville,  O. ,  where  he  lived  in  re- 
tirement until  his  death,  which  occurred  Sept.  i,  1873.  He 
was  Prof,  of  Languages  in  Washington  College,  Lexington, 
Va.,  1815-19,  and  Stated  Clerk  of  the  Associate  Synod  1827- 
'42.  He  was  a  man  of  many  moral  excellencies  and  mental 
accomplishments.  He  possessed  a  memory  of  wonderful  re- 
tention, and  the  scope  of  his  reading  was  very  wide  and 
varied.  When  cut  off  by  deafness  from  familiar  intercourse 
with  others  he  gave  himself  wholly  to  reading,  and  when 
blindness  denied  him  this  boon  he  fell  back  upon  the  vast 
accumulations  of  his  faultless  memory,  and  he  could  repeat 
with  surprising  accuracy  whole  poems  and  sections  of  poems. 
Shortly  before  his  death  he  repeated  the  hundred  and  fifty 
Psalms,  in  the  Scotch  version,  within  three  days,  just  for  his 
"own  amusement."  He  conducted  family  worship  to  the 
last,  when  blind  and  deaf,  and  in  his  usual  form,  reading  the 
Psalm  and  chapter  from  memory,  and  rarely  making  a  mis- 
take. When  eighty-three  years  old  he  received  injuries  from 
a  fall  which  confined  him  to  his  bed  for  months,  during  which 
time  he  composed  in  his  mind  a  sermon  which  he  entitled, 
"The  Angels  at  School."  He  was  permitted  to  preach  it  to 
several  of  the  neighboring  churches  while  supported  by 
crutches  and  unable  to  see  his  audience  or  hear  his  own 
voice.  This  was  his  last  sermon,  and  it  was  written  out  by 
other  hands  and  published  in  the  Oct.  number  of  the  Evan- 
gelical Repository  of  1872. 
HERON,  John  McCampbell  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Andrew;  was  born  Aug.  3,  1823,  i^ 
Rockbridge  Co.,  Va. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  University 
in  1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford  and  with  Dr.  Heron; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1846,  by  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  17,  '48,  by  Caledonia;  was  pastor  of  York,  Livingston 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1848-Dec.  14,  '52;  of  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar.  20,  1856-Sept.  23,  '56;  Burlington  Green, 
Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar.,  1857-spring  '58;  of  Thompsonville, 
Conn.,  i858-'6i;  S.  S.,  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  i864-'7;  his 
24 


378  THE   MINISTRY. 

health  being  feeble,  took  appointments  for  several  years  from 
the  Board  of  Home  Missions,  and  is  now  residing  without 
charge  in  Philadelphia.      Publication:  The  Pocket  Manual, 
pp.  1 60,  1882. 
HERRON,  James  Clokey  (A.): 

Was  born  Mar.  26,  1821,  near  Clokey,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1840,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1844,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  15,  '45,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Peter's 
Creek  Oct.,  1845-Nov.  18,  '52;  Chartiers  Cross  Roads  June, 
i86o-Ap.,  '67;  Lawrence,  Kan.,  June  18,  1867-July  29,  '75; 
of  Telfer,  Ontario,  Canada,  Sept.  16,  1879-Sept.  11,  '83; 
Shenango  and  Sandy  Lake,  Pa.,  Oct.,  10  and  24,  1884- 
HERRON,  Samuel  Thompson  (A.): 

Was  born  June  7,  1818,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1841,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1844,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  20,  '46,  by  Ohio;  pastor  of  New  Lisbon 
and  West  Beaver,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  i846-'68;  spent  a 
year  in  Mt.  Pleasant,  la. ;  labored  eight  years  as  a  missionary 
in  Adams  Co.,  la.,  and  organized  three  congregations;  pas- 
tor of  Eden  Prairie  and  Glendale,  in  Minn.,  Sept.  13,  1878- 
July  3,  '83;  S.  S.  at  Corning,  la.  Publication:  A  Sermon  on 
Slavery,  1856. 
HERVEY,  James  McMath  (nephew  of  Hugh  H.): 

Was  born  Nov.  30,  1853,  at  Tarentum,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1875,  and  studied  theology'  two  years  in 
Yale  Theo.  Sem.,  and  one  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9, 
1879,  ^y  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  5,  '79,  by 
Monongahela;  pastor  of  Fifth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Aug.  9,  1879- 
Feb.  18,  '84;  S.  S.  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  1884-Oct.,  1887. 
HERVEY,  Hugh  Henry,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  1826,  near  Banbridge,  county  Down, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1848, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  March  26, 
1851,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '53,  by 
the  Lake;  pastor  of  Hartstown  and  North  Shenango,  Craw- 
ford Co. ,   Pa. ,  since  ordination,  and  Jamestown,  Mercer  Co. , 


THE    MINISTRY.  379 

until  1858.     Publications:  A  Memorial  Sermon  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Joseph  H.  Pressly. 

HILL,  Robert  Alexander  (A.): 

Was  born  Feb.  20,  1820,  at  Buffalo,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  the  Western  University,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy in  the  Ref.  Pres.  Sem.,  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  in 
1847  by  the  Northern  Presbytery,  (Ref.  Pres.,)  and  ordained 
by  the  same  Sept.  4,  '48;  was  pastor  in  Ryegate,  Vt.,  Sept., 
i848-'5i;  at  Paterson,  N.  J.,  1851-55;  united  with  the 
Asso.  Presbytery  of  Albany  in  1855,  and  tendered  his  services 
to  the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  to  take  the  place  of  Mr. 
John  Harper  (who  declined  the  appointment).  Accompany- 
ing Mr.  Stevenson  to  Northern  India,  they  sailed  Aug.  22, 
1855,  and  arrived  at  Calcutta  Jan.  22,  1856.  He  labored 
principally  at  Sialkot;  lost  everything  in  the  Sepoy  mutiny; 
returned  to  the  U.  S.  in  1863,  and  was  pastor  in  Jersey  City, 
N.  J.,  1864-N0V.,  '70;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  in 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

HILL,  Samuel  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  in  Feb.,  1846,  from  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  by 
the  Blairsville  Presbytery,  and  left  the  church  within  a  year. 

HINDMAN,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  7,  1795,  at  Saltsburgh,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1824,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  July,  1828,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  i,  '31,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Glade  Run 
and  Lower  Piney,  in  Armstrong  Co.,  and  Mahoning  and 
Beracha,  in  Indiana,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination;  resigned  Maho- 
ning in  March,  '45,  and  the  others  in  April,  '52,  and  died 
Nov.  26,  i860,  from  paralysis.  He  protested  against  the 
union  of  1858,  and  declined  to  enter  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church. 
HINDMAN,  Samuel  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1824,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Nov.  4,  1828,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  28,  '30,  by  Muskingum;  was  installed  at 
ordination  pastor  of  Mansfield,  West  Union  and  Washington, 


380  THE    MINISTRY. 

O.  In  '41  his  charge  was  re-arranged  and  divided  into  two, 
and  he  remained  pastor  of  North  and  South  Washington,  in 
Marion  Co.,  O. ;  resigned  North  Washington  in  '46,  and  South 
Washington  in  '57;  was  installed  in  Nov.,  '57,  as  pastor  of 
Pleasant  Divide,  in  Monroe  Co.,  la.  He  opposed  the  union 
of  1858,  and  declined  to  go  into  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  died  in  1868. 

HOGG,  John,  D.  D.*: 

Was  born  Ap.  30,  1833,  at  Gladsmuir,  Haddingtonshire, 
Scotland,  and  united  with  the  church  at  fifteen  years  of  age; 
was  graduated  at  the  Edinburgh  University  in  1853,  and 
studied  theology  in  the  United  Presbyterian  Hall  until 
1856,  when  he  was  sent  out  by  a  Scottish  society  to  open  a 
Protestant  school  in  Alexandria,  Egypt;  returned  to  Scot- 
land in  1859,  finished  his  theological  course,  and  was  li- 
censed in  Nov.,  1859,  by  the  Pres.  of  Edinburgh  (United 
Presbyterian);  returned  immediately  to  Alexandria  as  a  mis- 
sionary under  the  Board  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch. 
of  North  America,  and  was  ordained  May  22,  i860,  by  the 
Missionary  Presbytery  of  Egypt.  Broken  down  in  health, 
he  visited,  in  1872,  Scotland  and  the  United  States.  He 
labored  principally  in  Alexandria  and  Asyoot,  and  largely 
in  the  educational  department  of  the  mission.  Died  at 
Asyoot,  Feb.  27,  1886.  Publications:  Translations  made  and 
printed  in  whole  or  in  part  in  Arabic,  The  Poor  Uad  Who 
Found  a  Precious  Treasure,  30  pp.,  1864;  The  Shining  Lamp, 
30  pp.,  1864;  Life  of  Lord  Haddo,  30  pp.,  1864;  Dr.  Mac- 
Duff's  Child's  Theology,  1865;  Why  I  Became  an  Evangeli- 
cal, 80  pp.,  1868;  Students'  Bible  Hand-Book,  Part  First, 
160  pp.,  1868;  Notes  on  International  Series  of  Lessons  for 
Sabbath-school  Teachers,  for  1881;  Neither  is  their  Salvation 
in  Any  Other,  pp.  80,  1881.  In  English— First  Ten  Years 
of  Missionary  Work  in  Egypt,  in  ten  letters,  in  Times  of 
Blessing,  Scotland,  1876.  Translations  not  yet  printed,  from 
lack  of  leisure  to  revise  and  distance  from  any  printing  press, 
but  circulating  in  Arabic  MSS.  among  students,  elders,  etc. — 
Patterson's  Notes  on  the  Shorter  Catechism,  to  the  Tenth 
Commandment,  1 863-' 64;  The  Younger  Hodge's  Outlines 
of  Theology,  chapters  i-viii,   i863-'4;  Angus'   Bible  Hand- 


THE    MINISTRY.  381 

Book,  one-third  of  the  vohime;  Abstract  of  Fairbairn's  Ty- 
pology; Abstract  of  Fairbairn  on  Prophecy.  Introduction  to 
each^'of  the  books  of  the  Old  Testament,  with  analysis  of  the 
prophetical  books  and  discussions  on  difficult  passages— The 
Mosaic  Dispensation,  a  Preparation  for  Christ;  Translation 
of  Rawlinson's  Bampton  Lectures  on  the  Historical  Evi- 
dences of  Christianity;  Schaflf's  History  of  the  Christian 
Church,  Vol.  I;  Principal  Crawford  Baird's  Lecture  on  the 
Mysteries  of  Christianity;  Dean  of  Canterbury's  (Dr.  Smith) 
Prophecy,  a  Preparation  for  Christ;  Prof  MacGregor's  Chris- 
tian Doctrine,  Edinburgh,  1874;  Prof  Calderwood's  Text 
Book  on  Moral  Philosophy;  Dr.  P.  Davidson's  (Edinburgh) 
Hand-Book'  for  Catechumens,  and  a  number  of  tracts  on  the 
Errors  of  the  Plymouth  Brethren;  The  Pastoral  Office;  The 
Christian's  Relation  to  the  Moral  Law;  The  Charismata,  and 
Especially  the  Gift  of  Prophecy;  The  Righteousness  which 
i5  of  God,  etc.,  etc.,  1868-1885. 

HOGG,  John: 

Was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  17,  1864,  by  Xenia  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  31,  '64,  by  Stamford;  was  pastor  of  Port 
Hope,  Ontario,  Canada,  Aug.,  i864-'8;  Lawrence,  Mass., 
1868-N0V.  23,  '75,  and  now  a  missionary  of  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  of  Canada  in  Manitoba. 

HOLLIDAY,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  in  June,  1847,  ^^om  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  by 
the  Pres.  of  Indiana,  and  in  Ap.,  1849,  returned  to  his  orig- 
inal connection. 

HOLMES,  James  (A.  R.)  *: 

Was  born  in  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  Univer- 
sity, and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap., 
1854,  by  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  3,  '55,  by  Mo- 
nongahela;  was  pastor  of  the  Third  Ch.,  Allegheny,  from  his 
ordination  until  his  death.     Died  Jan.  14,  1857. 

HOOD,  John: 

Was  born  Dec.  30,  1843,  ^lear  Service,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  6,   1871,  by  Frankfort  Pres., 


382  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  ordained  by  the  same  Ap.  9,  '72;  pastor  of  Burgettstown, 
Pa.,  Ap.,  1872-Ap.,  '78;  of  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
May  7,  1878-Aug.  14,  '81;  Boston,  Mass.,  Sept.  7,  1881- 
HOOD,  Robert: 

Was  born  July  18,  1856,  at  Indiana,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  1882,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Dec.  12,  '82,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  at  Keota,  la.,  Dec,  1882- 
Dec.  8,  '85;  Indian  Creek  and  Center  Ridge,  la.,  since  Oct. 
10,  1886. 
HOOD,  Robert  H.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  19,  1855,  at  Elder's  Ridge,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1881,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  11,  1883,  by  Conemaugh 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  9,  '84,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  Peter's 
Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  9,  1884. 

HOOD,  Samuel  M.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1844,  in  Indiana,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny ;  was 
licensed  Ap.  28,  1868,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  13,  '70,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Deer  Creek,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  since  his  ordination. 
HORNE,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  19,  1778,  in  Falkirk,  Sterlingshire,  Scot- 
land; was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  the- 
ology in  the  Burgher  Hall  under  Dr.  Lawson;  was  ordained 
Sept.  21,  1802,  at  Braehead,  and  spent  a  long  pastorate  in  his 
native  land.  In  the  spring  of  1833  ^^  emigrated  to  Canada, 
and  in  '34  settled  in  Switzerland  Co.,  Ind. ;  joined  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Caledonia  1834-48.  In  Oct., 
1848,  he  ceased  from  active  labors  and  retired  to  his  son's 
house,  in  Yorktown,  Delaware  Co.,  Ind.,  where  he  died  sud- 
denly Dec.  17,  1848,  from  heart  disease.  He  had  just  finished 
writing  an  excellent  article  upon  ' '  The  Legitimate  and  Good 
Use  of  the  Moral  Law,"  which  was  afterward  published  in 
the  United  Presbyterian^  April  number,  1849. 
HOUSTON,  Alexander  Young  (A.): 

Was  born  Aug.  18,   1824,  ^^  Coitsville,  Trumbull  Co.,  O. ; 


THE   MINISTRY.  383 

was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1855,  by  Shenango  Pres., 
and  ordained  Mar.  19,  '58,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  Peter's 
Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.,  1858-Dec.  '64;  Palestine 
and  Clarkson,  Allegheny  Co.,  May,  1867- Ap.  16,  '72;  Rye- 
gate,  Vt.,  Feb.  13,  1873-Feb.,  '75;  S.  S.  of  Mahoning  and 
Harbor,  lyawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  i876-'9;  Wampum,  i88o-'2. 

HOUSTON,  Hugh  H.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  16,  1845,  "^^^  Mercer,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1873,  ^Y  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar. 
2,  '75,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  La  Prairie,  in  Marshall  Co., 
111.,  Mar.  2,  1875-Aug.  27,  '84;  Poland,  O.,  Dec.  15,  1885. 
Publication:  History  of  La  Prairie  Congregation,  pp.  24, 
1877. 

HOUSTON,  Thomas  Alexander: 

Brother  of  Hugh  H. ;  was  born  Ap.  14,  1850,  near  Mercer, 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1877,  by  Mercer, 
and  ordained  Sept.  2,  '79,  by  Bloomington;  pastor  of  Hoopes- 
ton,  Vermillion  Co.,  111.,  Sept.  2,  1879-Mar.  22,  '87;  Centre, 
Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Sept.  20,  1887. 

HOWDEN,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Dec,  1783,  near  Haddington,  in  Scotland;  was 
academically  educated  and  studied  theology  privately;  was 
ordained  by  a  Congregational  Association,  and  labored  with 
the  Haldaneites;  performed  missionary  work  in  the  North  of 
England,  in  Scotland  and  in  Ireland;  came  to  the  Province 
of  New  Brunswick  about  1820,  and  spent  seven  years  there 
in  missionary  work;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1828,  and  joined 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Presbytery  of  Washington  on  the  28th  of  Nov., 
and  at  the  same  time  took  pastoral  charge  of  the  congregation 
of  Cambridge,  although  not  formally  installed  until  Sept.  29, 
1829.  ^^  resigned  this  charge  June  11,  '34,  and  spent  the 
following  year  in  Scotland.  In  the  spring  of  '36  he  com- 
menced laboring  as  a  missionary  in  Cattaraugus  Co.,  N.  Y., 
and  organized  a  congregation  at  Lyndon  in  '40,  and  supplied 
Lyndon,  with  its  out-stations,  at  Franklinville,  Freedom  and 


384  THE   MINISTRY. 

Cuba,  until  '49,  when  he  passed  for  a  time  to  Canada,  and 
then  returned  to  the  U.  S. ,  but  never  resumed  active  labors. 
He  died  at  his  daughter's  house  in  Aurora,  Cayuga  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  Feb.  15,  1865.  He  had  many  eccentricities  which  made 
him  appear  odd  to  strangers,  but  his  sermons  were  alwa}'s  full 
of  excellent  matter,  expressed  in  good  language,  and  delivered 
with  warmth  and  earnestness. 

HOWIE,  James,  M.  D.*: 

Was  born  Ap.  18,  1807,  in  London  Parish,  Ayrshire,  Scot- 
land; was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  where  he  also 
took  the  degree  of  M.  D. ;  studied  theology  at  the  United 
Secession  Hall  under  Drs,  Mitchell,  Dick,  Duncan  and  Bal- 
mer;  was  licensed  in  1835  by  the  United  Secession  Pres.  of 
Forfar.  He  devoted  his  time  mainly  to  medicine,  and  prac- 
ticed in  the  great  parish  of  Ardnamurchan,  in  Argyleshire, 
i844-'65;  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  was  ordained  Sept.  9,  1868, 
by  the  Pres.  of  St.  Louis;  opened  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church  in  Cuba,  Crawford  Co.,  Missouri,  in  '68,  and  served 
it  as  S.  S.  for  several  years,  and  then  retired  from  active 
labors;  died  Jan.  16,  1887.  Publications:  My  Home,  Country 
and  Church,  pp.  500,  1840;  Sketches  in  Britain,  and  Queen 
Victoria's  first  visit  to  Scotland,  blank  verse,  pp.  200,  1842; 
A  Voice  from  Benresipol,  pp.  500,  1858;  Isabella,  or  Grace 
Triumphant,  a  Memoir,  pp.  100,  1866;  Liberty  Lost  and 
Won,  in  blank  verse,  ready  for  the  press. 

HOWIE,  William  Maurice: 

Was  born  Sept.  i,  1845,  i^  Waukesha,  Wis;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  June  13,  1877,  by  Keokuk,  and  or- 
dained June  II,  '78,  by  Delaware;  pastor  of  Walton,  Delaware 
Co. ,  N.  Y. ,  since  ordination. 

HUBBELL,  Spencer  C.  : 

Was  born  July  29,  1834,  in  Shenango,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1865,  by  Lake,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  20,  '69,  by  Muskingum;  pastor  of  Scotch  Ridge, 
Wood  Co.,  O.,  Nov.,  1871-July,  '"]']. 


THE   MINISTRY.  385 

HUME,  Robert  Henry: 

Was  born  Aug.  14,  1848,  near  Lisbon,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  4,  1875,  by  Argyle,  and  ordained 
Sept.  13,  '76,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Sterling  Valley,  Cayuga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  ordination  till  Oct.  17,  '82;  of  Morning  Sun, 
O.,  Dec.   26,  1882- 

HUME,  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland;  was  licensed  in  1799 
by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Kirkcaldy,  and  appointed  in  the  autumn 
of  that  year  by  the  Gen.  Asso.  Synod  to  reinforce  the  Pres.  of 
Kentucky;  was  ordained  Feb.  5,  1800,  by  Kirkcaldy  Pres.,  and 
sailed  the  following  summer,  and  arrived  in  Kentucky  in  the 
early  part  of  1801.  He  was  pastor  of  the  Asso.  congregation 
near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  Dec.  2,  i8oi-'2i.  In  the  spring  of 
182 1  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Nash- 
ville from  that  time  until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1835. 

HUNTER,  James  Connel*: 

Was  born  at  Shaver's  Creek,  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  May  17, 
1849;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1876,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  7,  1879,  by  Butler, 
and  ordained,  sine  tittdo^  Sept.  21,  '80,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Mifflin  and  Jefferson,  Allegheny  Co.,  Jan.  25,  i88i-Mar.  31, 
'85;  died  Feb.  27,  1887. 
HUNTER,  William  Minteer: 

Was  born  Jan.  30,  1844,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Sept.  9,  1874,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  28,  '75,  by  Frankfort;  was  pastor  of  Cross  Creek,  W.  Va., 
Sept.  1875-Oct.,  '76;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1881,  and 
is  at  Union  Point,  O. 

HUSTON,  Edward  Hunter: 

Was  born  Dec.  7,  1846,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  June  19,  1877,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  6,  '78,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Norwich  and 
Goshen,  Muskingum  Co.,  Nov.  6,  1878-Sep.  16,  '84;  Hope- 
well, Preble  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  28,  1884- 


386  THE   MINISTRY. 

HUTCHISON,  Adolphus  Power: 

Was  born  Dec.  29,  1850,  at  New  Wilmington,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1881,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained May  6,  '81,  by  Princeton;  pastor  at  Rushville,  Ind., 
May  6,  i88i-Feb.  19,  85;  Mahoning,  O.,  June  23,  1885- 

HUTCHISON,  Fulton  A.  (A.): 

Was  born  Oct.  18,  1820,  at  New  London,  Chester  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1844,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  28,  1848,  by  the  Philadel- 
phia Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Oct.  19,  '49,  by  South- 
ern Indiana;  pastor  of  Noblestown,  Pa.,  Sept.  16,  1850-June, 
'69;  has  since  been  S.  S.  in  different  congregations  in  New 
York,  Philadelphia  and  Dayton.  Publications:  Christian 
Patriot,  a  Sermon,  1852;  Evils,  a  lecture  before  the  Beaver 
Academy,  pp.  24,  1855;  Devotement  of  the  Church  to  the 
Cause  of  Missions,  Sermon,  pp.  24,  1853. 

HUTCHISON,  George  Andrew: 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1837,  in  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton  and 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1863  by  Schuyler 
Pres.  (Presbyterian),  and  ordained  in  '66  by  Chillicothe  Pres. 
(United  Presbyterian),  and  supplied  at  West  Liberty.  About 
1868  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  a  short  time  pastor  of 
Doddsville,  111.,  and  then  in  Nebraska;  removed  to  Kansas  and 
joined  the  Baptist  Ch. ,  and  is  in  connection  with  it  in  Denver, 
Col. 
HUTCHISON,  John  Calvin,  Ph.  D.  : 

Was  born  Oct.  5,  1832,  in  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford 
and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  April,  1859,  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  6,  '62,  by  the  same;  has  been  Prof, 
of  Mathematics  and  Natural  Science  in  Monmouth  College 
since  1858. 
HUTCHISON,  John  Findley,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Nov.  10,  1826,  near  Bellbrook,  Greene  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  with 
the  Findlevs  in  Chillicothe  and  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  June 


THE   MINISTRY.  387 

9,  1852,  by  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '53,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Kenton,  O.,  1853-Jan.,  '57;  of  Sliiloh 
and  for  2  years  Vienna,  Ind.,  April,  1857-April,  '66;  Princi- 
pal of  the  Female  Seminary  in  Xenia  i866-'8;  pastor  of  Madi- 
son, Ind.,  July,  1868-Oct.,  '76;  of  Milroy  and  Vienna,  Ind., 
since  Nov.  21,  1876;  was  President  of  the  Board  of  Education 
in  Madison,  Ind.,  for  five  years;  was  a  member  of  the  com- 
mittee of  the  General  Assembly  on  the  new  version  of  the 
Psalms,  and  attended  every  meeting;  also  a  member  of  the 
committee  which  prepared  the  "  Bible  Songs." 
HUTCHISON,  Joseph  Miller  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  21,  1836,  at  Fredericksburg,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  in  Ap. ,  1862,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  5,  '65,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  Tenth  Ch.,  Philadel- 
phia, May,  1865-N0V.,  '69;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
has  been  pastor  in  Jefferson ville,  Ind.,  since  1871. 
HUTCHISON,  Samuel  M.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  3,  1824,  ^^  Taylorstown,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1848,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  April  14,  1852,  by  Second 
Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  20,  '54,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Barlow  and  Bethel,  Washington  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  1854-7; 
Mt.  Vernon,  O.,  1860-June  16,  '63;  Ontario  and  Shelby,  O. ; 
i865-'7;  Washington  and  Fairview,  O.,  1867,  until  death 
July  13,  1874. 
HUTCHISON,  William  Andrew: 

Was  born  in  Oct.,  1837,  near  Sidney  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  University  in  1863,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1865,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
the  spring  of '67;  pastor  of  Milroy,  Ind.,  i867-'9;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  now  at  Franklin,  O. 
HUTCHISON,  William  Ross: 

Was  born  Sept.  19,  1829,  near  Oxford,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1857,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,  i860,  by  Philadelphia 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,  10,  '61,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Clin- 
ton, Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1861-June  25,  '73;  Ottawa,  Kan., 
Dec.  23,  1873-June  15,  '85;  Coldwater,  Kan.,  Oct.,  1886- 


388  THE   MINISTRY. 

IMBRIE,  Dayid(A.)*: 

Was  born  of  Scotch  parents,  Aug.  28,  1777,  in  Philadelphia, 
and  while  an  infant  was  taken  by  his  parents  to  Scotland, 
where  the  family  remained  until  some  time  after  the  termina- 
tion of  the  war  of  independence,  when  they  returned  to  this 
country  and  settled  in  western  Pennsylvania.  He  finished 
his  literary  course  in  Canonsburg  Academy  a  few  months  be- 
fore it  was  chartered  as  Jefferson  College,  and  was  one  of  the 
nine  students  who  founded  the  "Franklin  Literary  Society." 
Nov.  14,  1797;  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson  at 
Service;  was  licensed  Dec.  14,  1803,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  3,  1806,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Little 
Beaver  (now  Bethel),  Brush  Run  (now  Darlington)  and  with 
Big  Beaver  until  Ap.  19,  1808,  from  his  ordination  until  his 
death.  On  Sabbath  morning,  June  13,  1842,  he  went  to 
Bethel  Church,  and  soon  after  his  arrival  was  stricken  with 
apoplexy,  and  died  in  the  house  of  a  member  near  by.  Pub- 
lication: A  Defence,  a  trial  in  which  he  was  charged  by  a 
neighboring  Presbyterian  minister  with  misrepresenting  him 
in  regard  to  the  Sonship  of  Christ. 

IMBRIE,  David  Reed  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  Jan.  24,  1812,  at  Darling- 
ton, Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Darlington  Academy 
under  Dr.  George  Scott,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  July  16,  1839,  ^Y  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
26,  '42,  by  Shenango;  was  installed  at  ordination  as  pastor  of 
New  Wilmington,  Mt.  Prospect  and  New  Castle,  Pa. ;  re- 
signed the  last  in  '47,  and  Mt.  Prospect  in  '53,  and  New 
Wilmington  in  '67.  In  1870  he  moved  to  Kansas  and  served 
the  Ottawa  congregation  as  S.  S.  until  his  death  Jan.  29, 
1872. 

IMBRIE,  David  Reed: 

Son  of  Rev.  David  R. ;  was  born  Ap.  7,  1849,  at  New  Wil- 
mington, Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1870,  by 
Chillicothe  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  25,  '72,  by  Allegheny; 
was  pastor  of  Fleming  and  Mt.  Nebo,  Allegheny  Co.,  Jan., 
1872-Dec.  10,  '72;  of  Harrisville,  Harrison  Co.,  O. ,  June  10, 


THE   MINSITRY.  389 

1873-Ap.  10,  '']'j\  and  pastor  of  Mt  Nebo  and  Tally-Cavey, 
Allegheny  Co.,  since  Ap.  9,  1878. 
IMBRIE,  John  Johnston: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  David  R. ;  was  born  June  29,  1844,  at  New 
Wilmington,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Westminster,  and  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1872,  by  the  Gar- 
nett  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  tittilo,  Nov.  10,  '75,  by  Wheel- 
ing; S.  S.  at  Brownsville  and  Pleasant  Ridge,  Monroe  Co., 
O.,  i875-'6;  S.  S.  at  Wampum,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  i876-'9; 
and  of  Remmington,  Harbor  and  Shenango  i879-'82;  Scotch 
Hill,  Ebenezer  and  W.  Unity  May  2,  1883- 

IMBRIE,  J.  M. : 

Was  born  in  1842,  near  Lowelville,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ;  was 
educated  at  Westminster;  studied  law  and  practiced  two  years 
at  Rock  Bluff,  Neb.,  where  he  was  ordained  a  ruling  elder; 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1873,  by 
Nebraska  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  30,  '75,  by  Butler;  pastor 
of  Clinton  and  Shiloh,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  1875-May  7,  '78; 
Mt.  Zion,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  S.  S.  i883-'5,  and  pastor  1885- 

INCHES,  David: 

Was  born  Oct.  18,  1834,  in  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth; was  licensed  in  June,  1868,  by  Ee  Claire  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  30,  '69,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  Spring 
Grove,  111.,  Sept.,  1869-Feb.  17,  '74;  Third  Ch.,  Monmouth, 
Ap.  15,  1874- Aug.  27,  '76;  North  Bend,  Neb,,  Aug.  30, 
1877-Mar.  30,  '87. 

INGLES,  James  (A.): 

Was  born  Sept.  10,  1821,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1852,  by  the  Richland  Pres.,  and 
ordained  in  Ap.,  '54,  by  Northern  Illinois;  was  pastor  at 
Rock  Run,  111.,  Ap.,  1854-57;  and  has  been  at  Scotland,  Ind., 
since  Ap.,  1858. 

INGLES,  Nathaniel  (A.)  *: 

Nephew  of  Dr.  John  Anderson;  was  born  near  Service, 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  May  5,  1798;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1825,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July 


390  THE   MINISTRY. 

2,  1828,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  14,  '29,  by  the 
same;  was  installed  Sept.  17,  1831,  pastor  of  Raccoon  and 
Burnett's  Creek,  Parke  Co.,  Ind. ;  resigned  Raccoon  (Portland 
Mills),  Ap.,  '35;  out  of  Burnett's  Creek  was  organized  a  new 
congregation  called  Pleasant  Run,  he  continued  pastor  of  it 
and  Burnett's  Creek  until  '44,  when  Pleasant  Run  was  de- 
mitted;  resigned  Burnett's  Creek  May  12,  '59;  itinerated  till 
'63,  when  he  moved  to  Edina,  Knox  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  died 
Aug.  30,  1864,  of  paralysis.  He  did  not  go  into  the  union  of 
1858,  but  remained  with  the  Associate  Synod. 

IRONS,  Andrew  (A.)*: 

Was  born  July  17,  1820,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Washington,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  li- 
censed Oct.  29,  1850,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  the 
autumn  of  '53  by  Detroit;  pastor  of  Bruce,  Mich.,  1853-8;  ot 
Portersville  and  Mountville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.,  1859- 
Dec.  27,  '63,  at  which  latter  date  he  died. 

IRONS,  Davidson  William: 

Was  born  Sept.  11,  1848,  at  New  Sheffield,  Beaver  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1872,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  16,  1874,  by  Frankfort 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  4,  '83,  by  Sidney;  pastor  at  Gilead, 
Wood  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  4,  1883-Sept.  16,  '84;  Barlow,  O.,  since 
Aug.  13,  1885. 

IRONS,  John  Douds: 

Was  born  Aug.  11,  1842,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  July  11,  1872,  by  Frankfort 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  13,  '73,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  of 
Verona,  Westmoreland  Co.,  May,  1873-June  28,  '87;  was 
Tutor  or  Prof,  in  Westminster  i87o-'2;  President  of  Mus- 
kingum College  since  Sept.,  1887.  Served  as  a  private  in 
One  Hundred  and  Fortieth  Pennsylvania  Volunteers  Aug.  15, 
1862-June  3,  '65;  was  in  twenty-one  regular  battles,  and  was 
on  the  front  at  Lee's  surrender. 

IRONS,  William  Dickson: 

Brother  of  John  D. ;  was  born  July  16,  1852,  at  New  Shef- 
field, Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1875, 


THE    MINISTRY.  39I 

and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  July  8,  1879, 
by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  29,  '80,  by  Mononga- 
hela;  pastor  of  McDonald,  Allegheny  Co.,  since  ordination. 
IRVINE,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1797  in  Jacksop,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1819,  and  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  Banks  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1822,  by 
Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  7,  '24,  by  Cambridge;  was 
pastor  of  West  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July,  1824- 
Sept,  '31;  Second  Ch.,  New  York,  Nov.  17,  1831,  until  his 
death,  Nov.  25,  1835.  "An  eloquent  and  faithful  and  un- 
usually successful  preacher  of  Christ's  gospel." 
IRVINE,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  Sept.  29,  1853,  by  the  Presbytery  of  Butler 
from  "the  Presbytery  of  New  Brunswick,  adhering  to  the 
Westminster  Confession  of  Faith."  After  traveling  two  years 
among  the  churches  he  received  a  certificate  to  join  some  other 
church. 

IRVINE,  Samuel,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  25,  1787,  at  Dergh  Bridge,  Tyrone  county, 
Ireland;  his  parents  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1788,  and  in  1796 
settled  in  Huntingdon  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Jefferson, 
and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson  at  Service;  was 
licensed  Aug.  12,  1819,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Feb.  28,  '21,  by  Chartiers;  was  installed  at  ordination  as  pas- 
tor of  Salt  Creek,  Wooster,  Newman's  Creek,  and  Mohecan, 
O.  After  some  time,  as  the  population  and  membership  in- 
creased, he  resigned  the  last  two,  and  in  '37  he  resigned  Woos- 
ter, and  in  its  stead  took  charge  of  Millersburg  until  1852. 
On  the  ist  of  Ap.,  '6i,  he  tendered  the  resignation  of  Salt 
Creek,  but  before  Presbytery  had  time  to  act  in  the  matter  he 
died  on  the  22d  of  April. 

IRVINE,  Samuel  Glasgow,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  Aug.  14,  1826,  at 
Wooster,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1845,  ^^^^  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  9,  1850,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  12,  '51,  by  the  same;  was 
President   of    Muskingum    College    1850-51;   was   installed 


392  THE   MINISTRY. 

Nov.  20,  1852,  as  pastor  of  Willamette,  in  Linn  Co.,  Oregon, 
and  also  of  Albany,  Linn  Co.,  in  June,  1857;  resigned  Wil- 
lamette in  Nov. ,  '  74,  and  still  retains  Albany.  He  was  Mod- 
erator of  the  General  Assembly  of  1878. 

IRVING,  Clark  (A.  R.):. 

Was  born  May  10,  1810,  in  county  Armagh,  Ireland.  His 
parents  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1813,  and  settled  at  Montgom- 
ery, N.  Y. ,  where  he  was  brought  up.  He  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  li- 
censed in  the  spring  of  1841  by  New  York  Pres. ;  had  charge 
of  the  classical  school  in  Newburgh  in  connection  with  the 
Theological  Seminary  i84i-'6;  was  ordained  Sept.  9,  '46, 
sine  titulo^  by  Saratoga;  was  pastor  of  Kortright,  Delaware 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  as  assistant  and  successor  of  the  Rev.  William 
McAuley,  June  16,  1847-Sept.,  '70;  had  charge  of  the  class- 
ical department  of  Stamford  Academy  i870-'6,  and  then  re- 
tired to  Montgomery,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. 

IRWIN,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  in  his  youth  a  resident  of  South  Carolina,  and  most 
likely  pursued  his  studies  privately.  He  was  licensed  in  May, 
1802,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  in 
Dec.  following  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Generostee  and 
Diamond  Hill  1804-14;  of  Generostee  and  Rocky  Springs 
1816,  until  his  death  in  the  spring  of  '24.  A  man  of  many 
excellencies  and  much  beloved,  but  very  tedious  in  all  his  ex- 
ercises. His  friend  and  neighbor,  the  Rev.  Alex.  Porter, 
while  sitting  behind  him  in  the  pulpit,  once  tried  to  stop  him 
in  a  sermon,  and  several  times  pulled  his  coat  and  showed 
him  his  watch.  But  it  was  no  use;  the  reply  of  the  good  man 
was,  "But  I  hasten,"  and  then  branching  out  upon  a  new 
theme  he  would  entirely  forget  the  hint.  Very  frequently  the 
twilight  of  the  Sabbath  evening  would  find  him  still  in  his 
pulpit. 

ISAAC,  Andrew  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Carrs  Croft,  near  Perth,  Scotland,  in  1789; 
was  educated  and  licensed  in  his  native  country,  and  came  to 
the  U.  S.  in  1819,  and  was  ordained  Oct.  31,  '20,  by  Char- 
tiers    Pres. ;   was   pastor  of  Carmel   and   connections,   Ind. , 


THE   MINISTRY.  393 

i820-'7;  of  Londonderry  and  Sharon,  O.,  Sept.  17,  1827, 
until  his  death  Sept.  12,  1840,  which  was  very  sudden  and 
quiet,  for  Mrs.  Isaac  waked  in  the  morning  and  found  him 
dead  by  her  side. 

JACK,  Alexander  B.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1834,  and  principally  educated  in  Scotland; 
came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1855,  and  attended  two  winters  at  New- 
burgh;  was  licensed  May  6,  1857,  ^Y  New  York  Pres,,  and 
ordained  on  the  25th  of  the  following  month  by  the  same, 
and  at  the  same  time  installed  pastor  of  the  Union  Ch.,  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y. ;  declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  when  pastor  at  Hazleton,  Luzerne 
Co.,  Pa.,  died  May  21,  1886. 

JACKSON,  Hugh  Park: 

Was  born  Ap.  18,  1836,  at  Cedarville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1865,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  19,  '65,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  at  Waterford, 
Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  19,  1865-Sept.  19,  '69;  was  superintend- 
ent of  schools  at  Cedarville  i872-'75;  was  installed  Ap.  12, 
1876,  as  pastor  at  Carmel,  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind.  Publication: 
Farewell  Sermon  at  Waterford. 

JACKSON,  Hugh  Thomas: 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  1849,  ^^  Baltimore,  Md. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  18,  1883,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  15,  '83,  by  Concordia;  pastor  of  Concordia,  Kan.,  since 
ordination. 

JACKSON,  Joseph  Buffington: 

Was  born  Nov.  21,  1845,  '^^^^  Apollo,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.; 
saw  service  in  the  civil  war;  was  graduated  at  Washington 
and  Jefferson  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Sept.  5,  1871,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  8,  '73,  by  the  same;  was  installed  pastor  of  Greensburg 
and  Latrobe,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  8,  1873,  and  re- 
leased from  Greensburg  Dec.  21,  '75,  and  from  Latrobe  Ap. 
10,  ^yy;  pastor  of  Shelocta  and  Elderton,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa., 
since  Dec.  11,  1877. 
25 


394  '^H^^   MINISTRY. 

JACKSON,  WiLUAM  Cunningham  (A.)*: 

Was  born  at  Cedarville,  O.,  Dec.  21,  1827;  was  graduated 
at  Centre  College,  Ky.,  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  in  Nov.,  1852,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Feb.  7,  '54,  by  Slienango;  pastor  of  Greenville, 
Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.,  1854-July  2,  '61;  of  Chicago,  1861- 
Mar.,  '68,  and  of  the  Fourth  United  Presbyterian  congrega- 
tion in  Philadelphia  Mar.,  1868,  until  his  death,  which  re- 
sulted from  a  cancer  Dec.  22,  1878. 

JAMIESON,  Alvin  W.  : 

Was  born  July  16,  1861,  near  Davenport,  la.;  was  gradu- 
ated in  1882  at  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  i,  1884,  by  Le  Claire  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Aug.  25,  '85,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  Gerlaw,  Warren 
Co.,  Ill,  Aug.,  1885- 

JAMIESON,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  at  Thornhill,  south  of  Glasgow,  in  Scotland,  in 
1747;  was  graduated  at  St.  Andrew's  University,  and  studied 
theology  with  John  Brown,  of  Haddington;  was  licensed  and 
ordained  by  a  Burgher  Presbytery;  came  to  this  country  in 
the  autumn  of  1783,  and  in  Nov.  of  the  same  year  united 
with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. ;  was  pastor  of  Big  Spring  congrega- 
tion at  Newville,  Pa.,  Sept.  22,  1784-spring  of  '92;  was  in- 
stalled Oct.  II,  1793,  as  pastor  of  Hannastown  and  its  con- 
nections in  the  present  counties  of  Westmoreland  and  Indiana, 
Pa. ;  was  released  from  Hannastown  and  Bethel  and  gave  all 
his  time  to  Loyalhanna  and  Conemaugh,  Aug.  12,  1795;  was 
deposed  by  Synod  in  1797  for  false  and  injurious  abuse  of  the 
Synod  and  some  of  its  members,  and  for  errors  in  doctrine  in 
reference  to  faith  and  the  offer  of  the  gospel  to  the  reprobate. 
He  continued  to  reside  upon  his  farm  in  Indiana  Co. ,  and  died 
July  I,  1821,  from  paralysis.  He  was  appointed  by  his  Pres- 
bytery as  Instructor  in  Theology,  and  Alex.  Porter,  Alex. 
McCoy  and  David  Proudfit  studied  theology  with  him.  Pub- 
lication: An  Account  of  the  Disputes  between  the  Associate 
Reformed  Synod  and  the  Rev.  John  Jamieson,  1800. 

JAMIESON,  Jesse  Mitchel,  D.  D.  : 
Was  born  near  Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  July  30, 


THE    MINISTRY.  395 

1831;  was  graduated  in  1856  at  Westminster  and  studied  the- 
ology in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1859,  ^Y  ^^^  United 
Presbyterian  Pres. ,  of  Allegheny,  and  ordained  May  i,  '60, 
by  Steubenville;  was  installed  pastor  May  20,  i860,  of  Piny 
Fork,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  and  is  still  in  charge.  Prof,  of  Lan- 
guages in  Hopedale  College,  1 873-' 80.  Publications  :  A  Ser- 
mon on  Slavery,   1863;  a  Sermon  on  Regeneration,  in  1870. 

JAMISON,  John  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  Samuel;  was  born  Aug.  2,  1823,  "^^^  West  Mid- 
dletown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in 
1850,  and  studied  theology  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
12,  1853,  by  the  Pres.,  of  Steubenville,  and  ordained  Aug.  21, 
'55,  by  Butler;  was  pastor  of  Freeport  and  connections  Aug., 
1855-60;  was  S.  S.  in  the  oil  regions,  Kerr  Ridge,  etc., 
i864-'5;  was  installed  Ap.  14,  1868,  pastor  of  Gettysburg,  in 
Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  and  Duncannon,  Perry  Co.;  resigned  the 
Duncannon  branch  July  i,  '74,  and  took  charge  of  Hopewell, 
in  York  Co. ;  resigned  Gettysburg  Sept.  30,  1884. 

JAMISON,  Robert  Addison: 

Was  born  at  West  Middletown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  in  1874  at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at 
Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1877,  by  the 
Beaver  Valley  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  3,  '78,  by  West- 
moreland, and  installed  pastor  of  Apollo  and  Union,  in  Arm- 
strong Co.,  Pa. 

JAMISON,  Samuel  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  2,  1820,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  in  1843,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1847,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  16,  '48,  by  Blairsville;  was  pastor  of 
Bethesda,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug,  16,  1848-Dec.,  '66;  of 
Warrensburg,  Johnston  Co.,  Mo.,  Aug.,  1868-Mar.  '70; 
Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  since  April  25,  1871. 
JAMISON,  William  Humphrey  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  bom  in  1820,  in  county  Derry,  Ireland;  educated  in 
Belfast,  and  at  Canonsburg  Pa.,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1845,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  23,   '46,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Me- 


396  THE   MINISTRY. 

chanicstown,  Yellow  Creek  and  New  Lebanon,  O.,  June, 
i846-'54;  joined  the  Free  Church,  and  was  pastor  in  Darling- 
ton, Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  for  three  years;  returned  to  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Church,  and  was  pastor  of  Evansburg  and  White  Oak 
Springs,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  from  1858,  resigning  the  former 
in  '62,  and  the  latter  Jan.  16,  '78.  Died  at  New  Lisbon,  O., 
Ap.  13,  1886. 

JEFFERS,  Eliakim  Tupper,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  6,  1841,  at  Upper  Stewiacke,  Nova  Scotia  ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at 
Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Dec.  28,  1864,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  25,  '65,  by  Philadel- 
phia; was  pastor  of  Oxford,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1865- 
July  31,  '72;  President  of  Westminster  College,  Sept.  25, 
i872-'83;  was  Moderator  of  the  General  Assembly  of  1880; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  1883,  and  became  Prof,  of 
Theology  in  Lincoln  University,  Pa.  Publication:  God  Re- 
vealed in  Christ,  a  Sermon,  1881. 

JEFFERS,  William  Hamilton,  D.  D.  LL.  D. 

Was  born  May  i,  1838,  at  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Geneva  College,  O.,  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1859,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  II,  '62,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Bellefontaine  and  North- 
wood,  O.,  Nov.,  1862-June,  '65;  Prof,  of  Latin  and  Hebrew 
in  Westminster  College,  Jan.,  1867-July,  '69;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch. ;  was  Prof,  of  Greek  in  the  Wooster  University, 
O.,  Sept.,  1870-Mar.,  '75;  pastor  of  the  Euclid  Avenue  Pres., 
Church  in  Cleveland,  O.,  Ap.,  1875-June,  '^y,  Prof,  of  Old 
Testament  Literature  in  the  Western  Theo.  Sem. ,  Allegheny 
(Presbyterian),  since  autumn  of  1877. 

JENKINS,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

"A  gentleman  of  liberal  education  and  extensive  theologi- 
cal knowledge,  who  was  in  the  employment  of  the  Northern 
Missionary  Society  as  schoolmaster  and  catechist  among  the 
Oneida  Indians,  was  taken  on  trial  for  licensure"  by  the 
Presbytery  of  Saratoga  in  1808;  he  was  also  ordained  in  Feb., 
1809,  by  the  same,  and  labored  as  a  domestic  missionary  un- 
til Jan.  26,  '19,  when,  having  accepted  a  call  to  the  pastorate 


THE   MINISTRY.  397 

of  the  Burger  congregation  at  Markham,   Upper  Canada,  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Burgher  Church  of  Canada. 

JENNB,  Oscar: 

Was  educated  and  ordained  in  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,  and  joined  the  Presbytery  of  Monmouth  in  1875;  was 
S.  S.  at  Mission  Creek,  Neb.,  1876-7;  soon  afterward  retired 
from  the  church,  and  is  residing  on  a  farm  in  the  vicinity  ot 
Mission  Creek. 
JOHNSON,  RuFus: 

Was  born  Dec.  19,  1837,  at  Chillicothe,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Urbana  Collegiate  Institute,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  15,  1866,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  15,  '69,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  Pleasant  Hill, 
Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  June,  1869-Ap.  8,  '73;  of  Elvira,  la.,  Dec. 
9,  1874-Feb.  9,  '76;  Spring  Grove,  near  Monmouth,  111., 
1876-May  15,  '80. 

JOHNSTON,  Andrew  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  in  1809;  came  to  the 
U.  S.  in  1829,  ^"^  settled  with  a  sister  in  Geneva,  N.  Y., 
where  he  attended  for  some  time  at  Hobart  College,  and  then 
commenced  the  study  of  law.  He  soon  changed  his  views 
and  aims  of  life,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  May  16,  1837,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
the  autumn  of  the  same  year  by  Saratoga;  was  pastor  of  West 
Charlton,  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1837-May  16,  '55;  was  S.  S. 
at  Hobart,  N.  Y. ,  one  year;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in 
1856,  and  was  pastor  in  Hopewell,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  for  a 
number  of  years;  joined  the  Reformed  Dutch  Ch.  in  1872, 
and  was  pastor  at  Glenville,  near  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  1872- 
'5;  retired  to  Schenectady  and  died  there  March  20,  1880. 

JOHNSTON,  Henry  H.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  24,  1819,  in  Chillicothe,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1840,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  20,  1843,  by  Chillicothe  Pres. ,  and  ordained,  sine 
titiilo^  in  the  autumn  of  '44  by  Illinois;  pastor  in  St.  Louis 
1845-Ap.  '47;  of  Sugar  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  June,  1848- 
Ap.  8,  '51;  S.  S.  in  Dayton  for  some  time;  East  Boston,  Mass., 
Jan.,   1857-Sept.   8,    '58;  declined  going  into  the    union  of 


398  THE   MINISTRY. 

1858,  and  entered  the  Reformed  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor 
of  Hastings-on-the-Hudson  i86i-'5,  and  S.  S.  at  Leyden 
Centre,  111.,  1867-May,  '80.  Died  suddenly  at  St.  Edward, 
Boone  Co.,  Neb.,  Jan.  18,  1881,  of  pulmonary  apoplexy.  Pub- 
lication: The  Attitude  of  the  Church  in  the  Work  of  Mis- 
sions, a  Sermon  before  General  Synod  of  1850,  Vol.  I.,  Asso- 
Ref  Pulpit. 

JOHNSTON,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1784  in  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  in  1814,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  under 
Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  June  27,  182 1,  by  Monongahela 
Pres. ,  and  ordained  May  2,  '22,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Mansfield  and  Lexington,  O.,  May,  i822-'5i,  and  died  in 
York  Co.,  Pa.,  March  12,  1858. 
JOHNSTON,  Jeremiah  Rankin,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  near  Mercersburg,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.  21, 
1836;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  Big 
Spring  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18,  '63,  by  Chartiers,  to  the 
pastorate  of  Washington,  Pa.,  which  he  still  retains;  was  dele- 
gate to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884.  He  has  written 
voluminously  for  the  papers  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Church. 

JOHNSTON,  John  Black,  D.  D.*: 

Was  born  Mar.  13,  1802,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  and  was 
reared  in  the  Covenanter  Church;  was  graduated  at  Franklin 
in  1830,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Ref  Pres.  Seminary  at 
Pittsburgh ;  was  licensed  by  the  Ref  Pres.  Presbytery  of  Pitts- 
burgh in  1832,  and  ordained  in  June,  1834,  by  the  Western 
Presbytery;  was  pastor  of  Miami,  Logan  Co.,  O.,  i834-'45; 
missionary  to  Hayti;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of 
Sidney  in  Nov.,  1858;  pastor  of  St.  Clairsville,  O.,  July, 
1859-June  9,  '74;  remained  without  charge  at  St.  Clairsville 
until  his  death,  Oct.  24,  1882.  Publication:  The  Prayer 
Meeting,  i2mo. 

JOHNSTON,  JosiAH  Melanchthon*: 

Was  born  Sept.  12,  1830,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
reared  in  the  Covenanter  Church;  was  graduated  at  Geneva 


THE   MINISTRY.  399 

College,  O.,  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Ref.  Pres. 
Seminary,  and  also  in  the  Asso.  Ref.  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  20,  1858,  by  the  Presbytery  of  Pittsburgh  (Ref, 
Pres.),  and  ordained  Ap.  20,  '59,  by  the  Rochester  Pres.  of 
the  same  church;  was  pastor  at  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  Ap.,  1859- 
Sept.,  '66;  was  missionary  among  the  Freedmen  in  Natchez, 
Miss.,  i865-'6,  and  at  Washington,  D.  C,  i866-'7o;  pastor 
at  Parnassus,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  and  Manchester  City, 
1871-2;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  Jan.,  1873, 
and  was  pastor  of  the  Central  Ch.,  Allegheny,  Jan.,  1873- 
June  16,  '74;  of  Fifth  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Nov.  19,  1874-Oct., 
'78;  of  Morning  Sun,  O.,  Ap.  i,  1879,  until  his  death,  July 
3,  1881. 

JOHNSTON,  J.  W11.LIAM: 

Was  born  Aug.  23,  1849,  ^^  Millersburg,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1877,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  16,  1878,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Lenox  and  Platte 
Valley,  la.,  Nov.  11,  1878-Ap.  28,  '83;  Platte  Valley  and 
Lenox,  Dec.  22,  '85- 

JOHNSTON,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  a  minister  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  S.  S.  of  the 
congregations  of  Bear  Creek,  Unity  and  Lawrenceburg,  in 
Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  when  he  united  with  the  Lake  Pres.  in  May, 
1834.  His  congregations  came  into  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  with 
him,  and  his  relations  towards  them  as  S.  S.  continued.  In 
the  summer  of  1835  he  visited  his  friends  in  Europe,  and 
never  returned. 

JOHNSTON,  MoSES  R.  (Colored)*: 

Step-son  of  Titus  Basfield;  was  graduated  at  Westminster 
in  1868,  and  licensed  by  Monmouth  Pres. ;  took  charge  of  the 
Mission  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  under  the  Freedmen' s  Board  in 
the  summer  of  '69,  and  as  a  licentiate  supplied  the  congrega- 
tion; was  ordained  Nov.  3,  '69,  by  the  Pres.  of  Tennessee. 
He  continued  in  his  relation  to  the  Mission  until  '72,  when 
he  left  it  and  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  Ap.  30, 
1877,  at  Baton  Rouge,  La. 


400  THE   MINISTRY. 

JOHNSTON,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Came  in  1817  as  a  licentiate  from  Ireland;  first  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Albany,  and  then  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres. 
of  Saratoga,  Jan.  4,  1818,  by  which  he  was  ordained  Feb.  19, 
'18;  labored  a  short  time  among  the  churches,  and  then  passed 
to  some  other  denomination. 

JOHNSTON,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  18,  1831,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Madison  College,  O.,  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Nov.  15,  1854,  by  Second  Pres.  of 
Ohio,  and  ordained  Ap.  23,  '56,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Wash- 
ington and  New  Salem,  O. ,  Ap.,  1856-Ap.,  '66;  of  Monroe, 
la.,  Ap.,  1867-N0V.,  '70;  Spring  Hill,  Ind.,  May,  1871-Dec., 
'76;  College  Springs,  la.,  since  July  11,  1877;  Moderator  of 
the  Gen.  Ass.  of  1885. 

JOHNSTON,  William  F.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  19,  1856,  at  Andrew,  la. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Aug  26,  1884,  by  Le  Claire  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct. 
27,  '85,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Clarence  and  Stanwood,  la., 
since  ordination. 

JOHNSTONE,  William  O.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  17,  1822,  at  Coote  Hill,  Ireland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Belfast  College  and  Seminary;  was  licensed  in  July, 
1844,  by  Banbridge  Presbytery,  and  ordained  Dec.  25,  '45,  by 
the  Pres.  of  Northumberland,  in  England;  was  pastor  of 
Blythe,  Northumberland,  i845-'5i;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in 
1851,  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Kensing- 
ton, Philadelphia,  from  1851  till  his  death.  In  Nov.,  1852, 
passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  took  the  congregation  with 
him.     Died  Jan.  16,  1883. 

JONES,  Dargo  Bliss  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  'in  1806  in  Massachsetts;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1842,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  30,  '43,  by  Big  Spring;  was  pastor  of 
Lower  Chanceford  and  Hopewell,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  1843-Ap, 
30,  '47;  of  Harris ville  and  Caledonia,  Ritchie  Co.,  W.  Va., 


THE    MINISTRY.  4OI 

Oct.  6,  i849-'55;  S.  S.  at  Concord,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  1856- 
Ap.,  '60;  retired  to  Monmouth,  111.,  where  he  died  Mar.  27, 


JUNKIN,  Anthony  Cannon  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  28,  1829,  in  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed 
Ap.  7,  1854,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^ 
May  6,  '56,  by  Boston;  labored  as  an  evangelist  principally 
in  Lowell,  Mass.,  and  New  York  city.  Joined  the  Presbyte- 
rian Ch.  in  June,  1859,  ^'^^  filled  several  pastorates,  and  is 
now  at  Downs,  Kan. 

JUNKIN,  Georgk,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  near  New  Kingston,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov. 
I,  1790;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1813,  and  studied  the- 
ology in  the  Seminar)/  in  New  York;  was  licensed  by  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Monongahela  Sept.  11,  1816,  and  was  or- 
dained at  Gettysburg,  sine  titiilo^  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadel- 
phia June  29,  '18;  was  pastor  of  Milton  and  Pennel,  North- 
umberland Co.,  Pa.,  1819-1830;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 
at  the  union  of  1822;  was  Principal  of  the  Pennsylvania  Labor 
Academy,  Germantown,  i830-'32;  President  of  Lafayette 
College,  Easton,  Pa.,  1832-41,  and  i844-'48;  President  of 
Miami  University,  Oxford,  O.,  1841-44,  President  of  Wash- 
ington College,  Lexington,  Va.,  i848-'6i;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia May  20,  1868.  Publications:  The  Vindication,  or  his- 
tory of  the  trial  of  Albert  Barnes;  A  Treatise  on  Justification; 
Lectures  on  the  Prophecies;  The  Great  Apostacy;  Political 
Fallacies;  A  Treatise  on  Sanctification ;  The  Tabernacle,  or 
the  Gospel  according  to  Moses.  He  edited  the  Religious 
Farmer  i828-'9,  and  The  Educator  in  1838,  and  published 
some  Sermons  and  Addresses. 

KANE,  William  Patterson: 

Was  born  Ap.  13,  1847,  ^^  Scroggsfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  Sept.  13,  1872,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  28,  ''']-}^^  by  Argyle;  pastor  of  Argyle,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  ordination  till  May  6,  1884.  Joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at  Lafayette,  Ind. 


402  THE   MINISTRY. 

KATZ,  Oliver: 

Was  born  Dec.  17,  1827,  i^  Plum  township,  Allegheny  Co. , 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  15,  1855,  by  Westmoreland 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  31,  '61,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Salts- 
burg  and  New  Alexandria,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination 
till  Dec.  21,  1886. 
KEELING,  W.  B.  (A.  R.): 

Pastor  in  Wenona,  Marshall  Co,  111.,  1865-7. 
KELSO,  James  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  May  28,  1824,  near  Noblestown,  in  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1846,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  27,  1849,  ^V  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  25,  '52,  by  Blairsville;  installed 
pastor  of  Bethel  and  Unity,  Allegheny  Co. ,  at  ordination ;  was 
released  from  the  former  in  Ap.,  '65,  and  from  the  latter  Jan. 
I,  '72;  pastor  of  McKeesport,  Allegheny  Co.,  June  19,  1877- 
Dec. '15,85. 
KENDALL,  Clark  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  near  Xenia,  O.,  and  was  graduated  at  Miami 
University  in  1845,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap.  1848,  by  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
20,  '50,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  June  1850- 
Ap.  23,  '72;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  after  a  short 
pastorate  in  Western  New  York  retired  to  Xenia,  O. 

KENDALL,  John  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  T.  S. ;  was  born  in  Greene  Co. ,  O. ;  was  edu- 
cated at  Jefferson  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson; 
declined  licensure  in  1815,  and  became  editor  of  a  secular 
newspaper  in  Xenia,  O.  After  an  editorial  career  of  ten  or 
twelve  years  he  changed  his  mind  and  took  licensure  Aug.  28, 
1827,  from  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers,  and  was  ordained  Aug.  20, 
'28,  by  Philadelphia.  He  was  soon  afterward  attacked  by 
catalepsy,  which  disqualified  him  for  ministerial  labor.  After 
living  for  some  years  in  a  secluded  state,  he  died, 

KENDALL,  Thomas  Simpson,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  14,  1809,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 


THE   MINISTRY.  403 

licensed  June  26,  1834,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec. 
26,  '34,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  in  Blount  Co.,  Tenn.,  May, 
i836-'42. 

In  May,  1831,  the  Asso.  Synod  passed  its  final  act  upon  the 
subject  of  slavery,  in  which  it  excluded  from  its  communion 
all  slaveholders.  This  produced  considerable  dissatisfaction 
throughout  the  church,  and  particularly  in  the  South.  A 
letter  explanatory,  and  yet  enforcing  the  act,  was  addressed 
by  the  Synod  of  1840  to  the  people  under  the  care  of  the 
Pres.  of  the  Carolinas.  Mr,  Kendall  was  about  the  only  min- 
ister who  was  willing  to  undertake  the  publication  of  that 
letter  in  the  congregations  of  the  South,  and  he  was  by  no 
means  anxious  to  do  so,  but  as  his  motto  was  to  go  wherever 
duty  called,  he  consented.  In  the  summer  of  1840  he  visited 
the  congregations  in  South  Carolina,  and  although  excluded 
frequently  from  their  pulpits,  he  read  and  explained  the  letter 
wherever  he  could  get  the  people  assembled.  The  result  was 
not  conciliation  but  excitement,  which  finally  culminated  in 
a  riot  at  Smyrna,  S.  C,  when  "certain  lewd  fellows  of  the 
baser  sort "  gave  him  a  coat  of  tar  and  feathers  and  dismissed 
him  from  the  State.  This  purged  the  Asso.  Ch.  of  the  sin  of 
slaveholding,  and  at  the  same  time  entirely  extinguished 
the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas. 

After  leaving  Tennessee  he  preached  for  some  time  in  Ran- 
dolph and  Warren  counties,  in  111.,  and  then  received  a  call 
from  West  Point,  la.  While  here,  and  before  his  installation, 
he  consented  to  join  a  small  party  of  Seceders  from  Illinois, 
wdio  had  arranged  to  emigrate  overland  to  the  Territory  of 
Oregon.  They  started  in  Ap.,  1845,  ^^^  suffered  great  hard- 
ships on  the  journey  from  scarcity  of  provisions  and  means 
of  transportation.  He  finally  separated  from  the  party  and 
procured  ponies  from  the  Indians  to  carry  his  goods  and  two 
little  motherless  daughters,  and,  he  on  foot,  they  crossed  the 
mountains  to  Oregon.  One  time  they  were  on  the  very  brink 
of  starvation  when  Mr.  Kendall,  in  wading  a  mountain 
stream,  providentially  stumbled  over  a  fine  large  salmon, 
which  he  succeeded  in  kicking  on  land.  He  arrived  at  Ore- 
gon City  Nov.  the  nth,  took  up  a  claim,  built  a  cabin,  and 
labored   at   splitting  rails   for  his  neighbors  to  procure  the 


404  THE   MINISTRY. 

means  of  living.  Yet  every  Sabbath,  clothed  in  buckskin 
garments  of  his  own  make,  he  preached  the  gospel  wherever 
he  could  assemble  a  few  hearers. 

In  1848  he  moved  up  to  Linn  county,  and  just  then  the  gold 
fever  broke  out  in  California,  and  being  in  abject  poverty  he 
started  for  the  Sacramento  and  washed  for  gold  all  winter. 
He  was  successful  in  his  labors,  but  he  loaned  out  his  gains, 
and  when  spring  came  and  he  wished  to  return  home  he 
could  only  get  a  herd  of  cattle  in  return,  and  to  convert  them 
into  money  he  was  compelled  to  spend  the  summer  and 
autumn  in  butchering.  After  fifteen  months'  absence  he  re- 
turned to  Oregon  with  some  nine  thousand  dollars,  which 
secured  ample  comforts  for  his  family  ever  afterward.  He 
immediately  resumed  work  in  the  church,  and  in  July,  1850, 
he  organized  the  congregation  of  Willamette,  and  in  1854  the 
congregation  of  Calipooia,  near  his  home,  and  in  1856  the 
congregation  of  Harmony,  ten  miles  distant.  To  these  last 
two  he  ministered  during  the  remainder  of  his  life. 

Although  tall  in  stature,  erect  in  form,  and  possessing  an 
unusually  vigorous  constitution,  his  labors  and  hardships 
finally  bore  their  appropriate  fruit,  and  in  1868  his  health  be- 
gan to  fail.  In  the  spring  of  1870  he  came  east  to  recruit  and 
to  attend  the  meeting  of  the  General  Assembly,  to  the  Mod- 
eratorship  of  which  he  was  unanimously  chosen.  Autumn 
found  him  worse  instead  of  better,  and  he  hastened  home, 
where  he  arrived  on  Saturday,  the  12th,  of  Nov.  but  the 
Sabbath  found  him  too  ill  to  preach,  and  he  gradually  sunk 
until  the  5th  of  Dec,  when  he  died. 

Had  Dr.  Kendall's  surroundings  been  more  favorable,  and 
his  opportunities  for  study  better,  he  would  have  been  one  of 
the  most  remarkable  men  of  the  church.  As  it  was,  he  had 
but  few  superiors  as  a  preacher.  His  mind  was  strong  and 
quick,  so  that  in  argument  and  doctrinal  discussion  he  was 
very  apt,  and  he  often  debated  in  public  and  was  never 
worsted.  He  was  brilliant  as  well  as  strong;  eloquent  in  the 
best  sense  of  the  word.  His  imagination  was  excellent  and 
his  power  of  description  wonderful,  and  his  audience  moved 
to  tears  was  no  unusual  sight. 


THE   MINISTRY.  405 

KENNEDY,  David  Stewart,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  25,  1834,  at  Yoiingstown,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1861,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
4,  '62,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of  Centre,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  Sept.,  1862-Oct.  16,  '72;  of  Sewickly,  Allegheny  Co., 
Dec.  10,  1872-June  II,  '78;  and  of  Somonauk,  111.,  since 
Sept.  5,  1878. 
KENNEDY,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1768  in  Ireland,  and  educated  in  Scotland; 
came  to  the  U.  S.,  in  1796  as  a  licentiate  from  one  of  the 
Asso.  Presbyteries  of  Ireland,  and  followed  Messrs.  Arm- 
strong and  Fulton  to  Kentucky  in  1798;  spent  several  years 
in  missionary  work  in  Knox,  Washington,  Cocke  and  Blount 
counties,  Tenn.,  and  in  1807  was  ordained  by  the  Pres.,  of 
Kentucky;  was  pastor  of  Salem,  Tenn.,  and  connections 
1807-Ap.  24,  '26;  died  in  1827. 
KENNEDY,  James  Armstrong: 

Was  born  Jan.  27,  1848,  at  Harrison,  Louisa  Co.,  la.;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  14,  1876,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  5,  '78,  by  Indiana;  pastor  of  Madison,  Ind., 
Sept.,  5,  1878-Ap.  18,  '83;  2d  Ch.,  New  Wilmington,  Pa., 
Feb.  4,  1884-  Two  years  County  Superintendent  of  Schools. 
Publication:  A  Manual  and  Course  of  Study  for  Common 
Schools. 
KENNEDY,  Joseph  Gilfillen: 

Was  born  Sept.  24,  1852,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  June  29,  1882,  by  Le  Claire  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  24,  '84,  by  Steubenville;  pastor  of  Wellsville, 
O.,  since  ordination. 
KENNEDY,  Thomas  J.,  D.  D.: 

Was  born  Feb.  i,  1832,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed June  15,  1858,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
6,  '59,  by  Lake;  pastor  of  Jamestown  and  Kinsman,  Mercer 
Co.,  Sept.,  1859-66;  Fredericksburg,  O.,  June  1866-Nov.,  '69; 
Steubenville,  O.,  Jan.  13,  i87C^Ap.  9,  '73;  of  Des  Moines,  la., 


4o6  THE   MINISTRY. 

June  9,  1878-Ap.  II,  '83;  Principal  of  Hookstown  Academy 
1853-5;  of  Beaver  Seminary  1875-7;  President  of  Amity 
College  since  1883- 

KERR,  David  Reynolds,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph;  was  born  Mar.  31,  181 7,  in  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in 
1837,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15, 
1840,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Jan. 
21,  '42,  by  the  same;  accepted  a  call  from  the  First  Asso.  Ref. 
Ch.  of  Pittsburgh  Ap.  16,  '44,  but  declined  installation  for 
a  time  because  of  feeble  health,  and  returned  the  call  June 
24,  '45.  Has  been  Prof,  of  Ecclesiastical  History  and  Church 
Government  in  the  Theo.  Sem.  at  Allegheny  since  1851; 
has  been  chief  editor  of  the  United  Presbyterian  since  1845; 
and  editor  and  publisher  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Review 
i860-'  I ;  was  Moderator  of  the  Gen.  Ass.  of  1866,  and  delegate 
to  the  Pan- Presbyterian  Councils  of  1877  and  1880. 

KERR,  George: 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  1856,  in  Grafton,  Mass. ;  was  graduated 
in  1881  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  [and  studied 
theology  in  the  United  Presbyterian  Hall  in  Edinburgh;  was 
licensed  in  1885  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Edin- 
burgh, and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '86,  by  Boston;  S.  S.  Chicopee, 
Mass.,  Ap.,  1886,  and  pastor  from  Ap.  12,  '87. 

KERR,  James  Erwin: 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1840,  in  Homes  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated  at 
Maumee  city,  O. ,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Ap.  6,  1881,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  28,  '82,  by 
the  same ;  pastor  of  Canonsburg  and  Buckland,  Hancock  Co. , 
O.,  Feb.  1882-June  24,  '84;  Silver  Creek,  Hardin  Co.,  O., 
Oct.  5,  1885- 

KERR,  John  Finley  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  18 13  in  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1841,  by  Chillicothe  Pres,  and  or- 
dained in  '43  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  at  Oswego,  Kosciusko 
Co.,  Ind.,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
Oct.  21,  1851. 


THE   MINISTRY.  407 

KERR,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  a  Burgher  minister  of  the  same  name;  was  born  in 
1778  in  county  Derr>',  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Glasgow 
University  in  1798,  and  studied  theology  for  a  time  with  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Rogers,  of  Ballybay,  a  Burgher  minister.  In  1801 
he  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  tarried  for  a  season  near  Newville, 
Pa.,  and  studied  theology  under  the  direction  of  the  First 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.,  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1802  he  removed  to 
Western  Pennsylvania,  and  was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1803,  by 
the  Pres.  of  Monongahela,  and  ordained  Ap.  25,  '04,  by  the 
same;  was  installed  Oct.  17,  '04,  as  pastor  of  Mifflin  and  St. 
Clair,  near  Pittsburgh ;  was  released  Nov.  i8,  'i8,  from  Mifflin, 
and  June  22,  '25,  from  St.  Clair;  was  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Ch.,  in  Pittsburgh  from  Oct.,  1825,  ^i^til  his  death,  which 
took  place  Nov.  15,  1829,  from  bilious  colic.  In  1825  ^^^ 
Synod  of  the  west  founded  a  Theological  Seminary  at  Pitts- 
burgh, (since  transferred  to  Allegheny,)  and  Dr.  Kerr  was  its 
first  Professor.  His  annual  salary  as  Professor  was  $200,  all 
of  which  he  gave  for  the  first  two  years  to  found  a  Young 
Men's  Fund,  to  assist  needy  young  men  in  their  studies  for 
the  ministry,  and  for  the  other  two  years  he  gave  $150  yearly 
to  the  same  object,  and  the  remainder  of  his  salary  for  the 
creation  of  a  Library  Fund. 

KERR,  Joseph  Reynolds  (A.  R.)*: 

Oldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph;  was  born  in  St.  Clair, 
Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  18,  1807;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1826,  and  studied  theology  in  the 
Sem.,  under  his  father;  was  licensed  Sept.  2,  1829,  by  Monon- 
gahela Pres.,  and  ordained  July  28,  '30,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  the  First  Ch.  in  Pittsburgh  from  his  ordination 
until  his  death,  which  resulted  from  consumption  June  14, 
1843.  He  was  one  of  the  most  finished  pulpit  orators  that 
his  church  ever  produced.  Publications:  The  Responsibili- 
ties of  Literary  Men,  an  address  before  the  Alumni  of  the 
Western  University,  1836;  A  Sermon  on  Dueling,  1838,  sug- 
gested by  the  Graves  and  Cilley  duel. 
KERR,  Joseph  Reynolds  Jr.,  D.  D.  : 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  R. ;  was  born  after  his  father's  death 
in  the  autumn  of  1843;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1861, 


408  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15, 
1863,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  11,  '64,  by 
Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Third  Ch.,  Allegheny,  Ap.  1864- 
Mar.  18,  '72;  North  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Ap.  29,  1872-Nov. 
30,  '75;  passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  has  since 
been  pastor  of  the  Fourth  Ch.,  New  York  city. 

KERR,  Joseph  W.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  12,  1848,  in  Holmes  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  the  National  Normal  School,  Lebanon,  O.,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1878,  by  Sidney  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  10,  '79,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Northwood 
June,  1879,  7^  time,  and  Rushsylvania,  O.,  ^  time  Ap.  22, 
i88o-'85;  Piqua,  O.,  June  7,  1885. 

KERR,  Moses  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph;  was  born,  educated  and 
ordained  in  Ireland,  and  held  a  pastoral  charge  there  for  a 
short  time  in  the  Burgher  Pres.  of  Antrim;  came  to  the  U. 
S.  in  the  autumn  of  1818,  and  united  with  the  Monongahela 
Pres. ;  was  pastor  of  Union,  near  Pittsburgh,  May  5,  1819- 
Nov.,  '27;  of  Rocky  Spring  and  New  Brighton,  Sept.  5, 
1828,  until  his  death,  Oct.  11,  1830. 

KERR,  Moses  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph;  was  bom  at  Mt.  Lebanon,  Al- 
legheny Co.,  Pa.,  June  30,  1811;  was  graduated  ot  the  West- 
ern University  in  1828,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Sem. 
under  his  father  and  his  temporary  successor,  the  Rev.  Mungo 
Dick;  was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1831,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and 
ordained,  sine  tititlo^  Oct.  9,  '32;  Ap.  22,  1832,  he  accepted  a 
call  from  the  First  Asso.  Ref  Ch. ,  Allegheny,  just  organized, 
and  commenced  his  labors  there,  but  before  the  time  set  for 
his  installation  had  come  he  was  suffering  from  a  severe  hem- 
orrhage of  the  lungs,  and  returned  the  call.  The  Pres. ,  how- 
ever proceeded  with  his  ordination  and  released  him  from  the 
call.  He  went  to  Europe  for  a  year,  and  upon  his  return  felt 
warranted  to  take  a  pastoral  charge,  and  was  installed  at  Rob- 
inson Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  in  Oct.,  1834,  but  his  old  trouble 
soon  returned,  and  he  was  released  Ap.  14,  '35;  was  pastor  of 
the  Third  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,   Pittsburgh,  Oct.,   1837-Nov.   19, 


THE    MINISTRY.  409 

'39.  He  died  from  consumption  Jan.  26,  1840.  For  a  year 
he  was  Prof,  of  Languages  in  the  Western  University,  and 
Prof  of  Biblical  Literature  and  Criticism  in  the  Seminary 
during  the  winter  of  1835.  He  possessed  eminent  qualifica- 
tions for  the  ministry,  and  when  health  allowed  he  often  ex- 
hibited pulpit  power  of  the  very  highest  order.  After  his 
death  several  of  his  sermons  were  published,  one  is  in  the 
third  volume  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit. 
KERR,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  Oct.  10,  1797,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York  from 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Monoghan;  was  called  to  the  church  in 
Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  in  the  summer  of  1798,  although  not  form- 
ally installed  until  Ap.  6,  '99;  resigned  Jan.  14,  '02.  On  the 
28th  of  May,  1803,  he  was  deposed  from  the  ministry  for  a 
breach  of  the  seventh  commandment  committed  about  the 
time  of  his  ordination  in  Ireland.  On  the  29th  of  June,  1803, 
he  was  restored  to  the  communion  of  the  church,  and  on  the 
17th  of  May,  1804,  was  unanimously  restored  to  the  ministry 
upon  the  ground  that  since  his  deposition  his  deportment  has 
been  "  blameless  and  exemplary,  becoming  his  situation  and 
his  former  profession  of  penitence."  The  General  Synod 
sent  him  to  the  Synod  of  the  Carolinas,  and  he  died  on  the 
6th  of  June,  1805,  in  Savannah,  Georgia. 

KERR,  Samuel,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  1826  near  Ramelton,  county  Donegal,  Ireland; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  9,  1851,  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio, 
and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '52,  by  Shenango;  pastor  of  Harmony 
congregation,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Jan.  i,  1853.  Publica- 
tion: History  of  Harmony  Congregation,  a  Sermon,  preached 
October  24,  1876. 
KETCHEN,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born,  educated  and  licensed  in  Scotland;  came  to  this 
country  in  1820,  and  was  ordained  in  Dec.  20,  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.  of  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  Shiloh  and  Nelly's  Creek,  S. 
C. ,  i82i-'32.  In  1832  he  declined  the  authority  of  the  Asso. 
Synod  because  of  its  recent  act  upon  slavery,  and  united  with 
the  Asso.  Ref  Synod  of  the  South.  He  was  never  after- 
26 


4IO  THE   MINISTRY. 

wards  in  the  pastorate,  but  preached  as  opportunity  afforded, 
and  taught  school  at  Winsborough  and  elsewhere;  he  died 
Sept.  26,  1855. 
KIDD,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  in  Ap.,  1855,  ^Y  ^^^  Presbytery  of  Michigan 
from  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  Scotland,  and  some 
time  during  the  following  year  he  passed  to  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  of  Canada. 
KIDD,  Robert  Wilson: 

Was  born  July  6,  1848,  at  McCoysville,  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  theology 
at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  1875,  by  Big  Spring  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  12,  '76,  by  First  New  York;  pastor  Seventh 
Avenue,  New  York,  since  ordination. 

KIER,  Samuel  M.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1825,  i^  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  June  9,  1857,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Feb.  21,  '61,  by  Le  Claire;  was  pastor  of  Vinton  and  Tran- 
quillity, la.,  i86i-'4;  Barclay,  la.,  1864-5;  supplied  two 
years  in  Buchanan  Co.,  la.,  and  officiated  as  postmaster  in 
Chatham.  In  1867  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  is  en- 
gaged in  missionary  work  in  Iowa. 

KIMBALL,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1820  in  Newburgh,  N,  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  li- 
censed in  the  spring  of  1842  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  31,  '44,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Hamptonburg,  Orange 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1844-May,  '53;  at  Hebron,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  6,  1853-Sept.  i,  '56;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  and  was  pastor  at  Brockport,  N.  Y. ;  joined  the  Dutch 
Ch.  and  was  a  short  time  at  Fishkill  Landing,  N.  Y.,  and 
then  pastor  of  the  First  Dutch  Ch.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  from 
1865  until  his  death.  On  the  24th  of  May,  1874,  while 
preaching  an  historical  sermon  in  his  own  pulpit,  he  was 
taken  with  a  fainting  fit,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  never 
recovered;  was  taken  to  Newburgh,  where  he  died  on  the  6th 
of  the  following  Dec. 


THE   MINISTRY.  411 

KING,  Adam  G.  : 

Was  born  June  22,  1839,  on  the  Atlantic  ocean,  and  reared 
in  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap. 
4,  1866,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18,  '68,  by 
Delaware;  pastor  of  West  Delhi,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since 
ordination. 
KIRKLAND,  Hugh  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  educated  in  Scotland,  and  licensed  by 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Market  Hill,  Ireland.  He  first  emigrated 
to  Canada,  where  he  was  ordained  by  a  Presbytery  designated 
"  The  Presbytery  of  the  Canadas;"  afterward  he  came  to  the 
U.  S.,  and  on  the  6th  of  Aug.,  1819,  joined  the  Pres.  of  Char- 
tiers;  he  was  pastor  of  Turtle  Creek  and  Bethel,  Allegheny 
Co.,  and  Freeport,  Sept.  6,  i820-'34.  In  1834  a  difficulty 
arose  between  him  and  his  Presbytery,  which  resulted  in  his 
declining  the  authority  of  the  Associate  Ch.  He  never  con- 
nected himself  with  any  other  denomination  during  the  re- 
maining twenty-five  or  thirty  years  of  his  life.  He  was 
drowned  in  the  Ohio  river  by  falling  from  a  steamboat  be- 
tween Pittsburgh  and  Cincinnati. 
KIRKPATRICK,  Adrian  Frazier: 

Was  born  Oct.  12,  1855,  near  Decatur,  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  i,  1879,  by  Chilli- 
cothe  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  18,  1881,  by  Mansfield;  pastor 
of  Millersburg,  O.,  from  ordination  till  Nov.  26,  '82;  Milton, 
Canada,  Ap.  9,  1884- 
KIP-KPATRICK,  John: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  educated  at  Belfast  and  ordained  by 
the  Pres.  of  Ballybay  May  28,  1868;  was  pastor  of  the  West 
25th  St.   Ch.,  New  York,  Jan.   27,   1875-Jan.  27,  '80;  he  is 
now  pastor  in  Toronto,  Canada. 
KIRKPATRICK,  Newton  Reed  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  July  24,  1823,  ^^  Cherry  Fork,  Adams  Co.,  O. ; 
was  educated  at  Miami  University,  and  studied  theology  at 
Oxford;  was  licensed  June  9,  1852,  by  Chillicothe  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  22,  '54,  by  Indiana;  pastor  of  Bethel  and  Cale- 
donia, Ind.,  June,   1854-June  13,  '56;  taught  the  N.  Liberty 


412  THE   MINISTRY. 

Academy  i857-'8;  because  of  the  failure  of  health  he  farmed 
in  Ross  Co.,  O.,  i859-'66,  preaching  only  occasionally;  S.  S. 
and  pastor  at  White  Oak  Grove,  111.,  i866-'7i;  missionary  at 
Cassville,  W.  Va.,  and  Warfield,  Ky,,  for  a  time;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1885.  Publications:  A  Sermon,  in  Vol. 
V,  Associate  Reformed  Pulpit. 

KNOX,  Thomas  M.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  29,  1856,  in  Wayne  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Wooster  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  16,  1884,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
20,  '86,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  De  Kalb,  O.,  since  ordination. 

KNOX,  William  Hugh: 

Was  born  in  1842  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Western  University  in  1870,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  25,  1872,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  21,  '73,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Wylie 
Avenue  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  since  ordination. 

KYIvE,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Nov.  20,  1849,  ^^^ar  Cedarville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  25,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
24,  ''']']^  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Springfield,  O.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 

KYLE,  Joshua  R.  : 

Was  born  at  Cedarville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in 
1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Mar., 
1862,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Oct.  12,  '64, 
by  St.  Louis;  pastor  of  Fall  River,  Mass.,  June  27,  1867- 
Sept.  7,  '75;  Second  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Nov.  12,  1876-Sept. 
30,  '79;  joined  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.,  Dec,  1880,  and  is  at  Port 
Jackson,  N.  Y. 

KYLE,  Melvin  Grove: 

Was  born  May  7,  1858,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1885,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  10,  '86,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  7th  Ch., 
Philadelphia,  since  ordination. 


THE   MINISTRY.  413 

KYLE,  Samuel  John: 

Was  born  Sept.  27,  1850,  at  Cedarville,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  May  23,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap,  17, 
'>']']^  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  N.  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
Ap.  17,  1877-Ap.  5,  '87;  of  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  since  May, 
1887. 
LACKEY,  John: 

Was  born  Oct.  18,  1825,  in  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed Sept.  6,  1864,  by  Mercer  Pres.;  was  in  the  Freedmen's 
Mission  1863-6;  was  ordained  Nov.  14,  '66,  by  Wisconsin; 
pastor  of  Vernon,  Wis.,  Nov.,  1866-spring  of  '70;  Pleasant 
Valley,  Washington  Co.,  la.,  Jan.  3,  1871,  adding  Wesmin- 
ster  the  following  year;  released  Sept.  5,  1876;  West  Chester, 
same  county,  Ap.  4,  1877-Aug.  28,  '82;  resides  at  Washing- 
ton, la. 
LACKEY,  Ralph  Erskine: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  May  14,  1854,  in  Lawrence 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  188 1,  by  Keokuk 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  3,  '81,  by  the  same;  pastor  127th 
Street,  New  York,  Dec.  19,  i88i-Dec.  21,  '83;  Glade  Run, 
Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  1884- 

LAFFERTY,  Linus  Nelson: 

Was  born  Mar.  6,  1847,  near  Pain's  Corners,  Trumbull  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1876, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  18,  '-]-],  by  Monmouth; 
pastor  of  Kirk  wood.  111.,  till  Ap.  3,  '84;  S.  S.  Creston,  la., 
1884,  and  pastor  Aug.  31,  '86-  Publication:  Exclusive  Use 
of  the  Bible  Hymn-Book,  a  Sermon,  1880. 

LAING,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1788  in  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  Glasgow  University  in  1815;  continued  the  study  of  theol- 
ogy, with  interruptions,  1816-25;  was  licensed  in  1825  by 
the  Relief  Pres.  of  Glasgow;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1830; 
joined  the  Dutch  Ch. ,  and  was  ordained  by  the  Classis  of 


414  THE   MINISTRY. 

Washington  in  '32,  pastor  of  the  Dutch  congregation  of  Ar- 
gyle,  N.  Y.,  1832-3;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  New 
York  in  1833,  and  was  pastor  of  Andes  and  Cabin  Hill,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  1834  until  his  death,  Nov.  18,  1858, 
from  congestion  of  the  lungs. 
LAING,  Robert  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1750  in  Scotland,  and  was  educated  there,  and 
ordained  in  Aug.,  1785,  and  pastor  of  an  Asso.  congregation 
in  Dunse  1785-93;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1795,  and  joined  the 
Asso.  Ch. ;  was  pastor  at  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  1797- 
1805;  accepted  a  call  to  S.  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
in  May,  1804,  assumed  charge  in  1805;  was  pastor  Mar.  26, 
1806-Sept.  2,  '11;  pastor  at  Bovina,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1814-June,  '23;  died  at  Bovina  May  29,  1839. 

LANSING,  GuLiAN,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  i,  1825,  ^t  Lishaskill,  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  22,  1850,  by  the  Pres.,  of  New 
York,  and,  having  been  appointed  missionary  to  Syria  by  the 
Synod  of  New  York,  was  ordained  Aug.  7,  '50,  by  New  York 
and  sailed  on  the  12th  of  the  following  Dec;  was  missionary 
in  Damascus,  Syria,  i85i-'7,  and  has  been  in  Egypt  since 
1857,  where  his  labors  have  been  abundant  and  wonderfully 
blessed,  although  his  health  has  often  been  very  imperfect. 
Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1877.  Publications: 
Egypt's  Princes,  i2mo.,  pp.  425,  1864,  and  many  elaborate 
letters  to  papers  and  magazines. 

LANSING,  John  V.  S.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  graduated  at  Hamilton  College  in  1821;  studied  the- 
ology at  Princeton,  and  was  licensed  in  1824  by  the  Classis  of 
Dutch  Seceders,  and  ordained  in  '24  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Wynantskill  and  Poestenkill,  Rensselaer  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1824-6; 
of  Tappan  and  Clarkstown  i826-'7;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.,  of  New  York,  and  was  pastor  at  Bloomingburg,  Sulli- 
van Co.,  N.  Y.,  1829-32:  died  in  1832  from  consumption. 

LAUGHEAD,  Isaac  Newton  (A.): 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1810,  at  Massie's  Creek,  Greene  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1833,  ^^^^  studied  theology 


THE   MINISTRY.  4^5 

at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  lo,  1838,  by  Miami  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  14,  '39,  by  Indiana;  pastor  of  Blooming- 
ton,  Monroe  Co.,  Ind.,  i839-'43;  Darby  and  Sugar  Run, 
Union  Co.,  O. :  June,  1843-Jnne  '64;  moved  to  la.,  and  sup- 
plied for  six  or  eight  years  in  the  vicinity  of  Washington,  and 
is  now  retired  as  infirm. 
LAUGHRIDGE,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  O.,  about  1810;  was  graduated 
at  Oberlin  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1838,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
April,  '39,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at  ordination  over 
Worthington,  Pine  Run  and  Martinsburg,  O.,  and  died  Feb. 
10,  1840,  of  quinsy. 

LAURIE,  James  D.  D.,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  11,  1778,  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and  re- 
ceived his  entire  education,  literary  and  theological,  in  the 
University  of  his  native  city,  was  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Bur- 
gher Presbytery  of  Edinburgh  in  1800.  Having  been  ap- 
pointed by  the  Burgher  Synod  to  come  to  this  country  with 
Dr.  J.  M.  Mason  he  was  ordained  by  his  Presbytery  and  sailed 
in  Aug.,  1802.  In  March,  1803,  he  visited  the  city  of  Wash- 
ington, to  which  the  seat  of  government  had  been  removed 
two  years  before,  with  the  design  of  gathering  an  Asso.  Ref. 
congregation,  and  where  Joseph  Nourse  and  a  few  others 
favorable  to  such  an  enterprise  resided.  The  city  at  that 
time  existed  only  on  paper  and  in  the  landmarks  of  the  sur- 
veyor; so  on  his  way  he  asked  the  stage-driver  how  far  it  was 
to  the  city,  and  received  the  answer:  "Sir,  we  have  been 
driving  through  it  for  the  last  two  miles." 

A  congregation  was  immediately  formed,  and  in  June  he 
was  installed  as  its  pastor.  They  worshipped  for  four  yearg 
in  the  old  Treasury  building,  which  was  burnt  in  1814  by  the 
British,  during  which  time  he  exerted  himself  to  raise  means 
for  building  a  church  edifice.  For  this  purpose  he  visited  the 
principal  cities  of  the  Union,  from  Boston  to  Savannah,  and 
in  1807  a  substantial,  and  for  that  day  elegant,  brick  edifice 
was  opened  for  divine  service.  It  was  the  second  place  of 
Protestant  worship  erected  in  Washington,  and  in  it  for  forty- 


41 6  THE    MINISTRY. 

six  years  he  continued  to  preach  the  riches  of  the  gospel  of 
Christ  with  great  fulhiess  and  very  considerable  power.  As 
the  congregation  was  feeble  it  was  necessary'  to  supplement 
his  income  from  some  secular  pursuit,  so  he  accepted  a  clerk- 
ship in  the  office  of  the  Register  of  the  Treasury,  and  held  it 
and  preformed  its  duties  with  great  punctuality  and  exactness 
to  the  day  of  his  death.  In  1822  he  was  Moderator  of  the 
General  Synod  and  voted  for  the  union,  and  with  his  Presby- 
tery— the  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia — went  into  the  Presby- 
terian Church.     His  congregation  went  with  him. 

*'His  discourses  might  generally  be  termed  massive;  com- 
pactly arranged;  rich  in  thought;  copious  in  argument  and 
illustration,  and  almost  invariably  exhausting  his  theme." 
Once  he  took  a  manuscript  into  the  pulpit,  after  a  severe  ill- 
ness, and  apologized  for  it  to  the  congregation,  stating  that  as 
they  were  aware  of  his  infirm  health  they  would  excuse  him 
for  appearing  before  them  07i  crutches.  For  the  last  eight 
years  of  his  life  he  had  assistant  pastors,  the  last  of  which  was 
the  late  Rev.  David  X.  Junkin.  He  died  Ap.  18,  1853,  from 
pleuro-pneumonia. 
LAW,  Isaac  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  James;  was  born  Sept.  3,  1815,  in  Salem,  N.  Y., 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1836,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  26,  1840,  by  the  Pres.  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  was  ordained,  sine  titnlo.,  by  the  same  Jan.  27.  '42; 
was  S.  S.  at  Hinchinbrook  and  Hemmingsford,  in  Lower  Can- 
ada, i843-'7;  pastor  of  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
1847-61.  He  died,  greatly  beloved,  Jan.  28,  1861. 
LAW,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1810  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union 
in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
July  17,  1838,  by  the  Pres.  of  Cambridge,  and  ordained  May 
13,  '40,  by  Richland;  was  pastor  of  Killbuck,  Red  Haw  and 
Clear  Creek,  in  Richland  and  Wayne  counties,  O.,  i840-'43; 
of  Big  Spring  and  Pistol  Creek,  in  Blount  Co.,  Tenn.,  1846- 
'52;  and  died  July  26,  1872,  in  Philadelphia. 
LAWRENCE,  James  Alvin: 

Was  born  June   29,  i860,  at  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1880,  and  studied  theol- 


THE   MINISTRY.  417 

ogy  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1883,  by  Mnskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  2,  '84,  by  Westmoreland;  pastor  of 
Madison  and  Sewickley,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  2, 
1884-Sept.  5,  '86;  Mt.  Gilead  and  Coraopolis,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa.,  Nov.  2,  1886- 
LAWRENCE,  Thomas,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  June  5,  1832,  at  Crossford,  Lanarkshire,  Scot- 
land, but  reared  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
the  Western  University  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Dec.  26,  i860,  by  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '62,  by  Argyle;  was  pas- 
tor of  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1862-June  18, 
'67;  spent  two  years  in  Germany  in  the  Universities  of  Bonn 
and  Leipsic;  transferred  his  connection  in  Sept.,  1869,  to  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  now  a  Prof,  in  Biddle  University, 
established  at  Charlotte,  N.  C. ,  for  the  Freedmen. 

LAWTHER,  William  Coventry: 

Was  born  Nov.  9,  1853,  in  Kittanning,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  June  13,  1882,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained 
July  15,  '84,  by  Cleveland;  pastor  of  Northfield,  Summit  Co., 
O.,  since  ordination. 
LEE,  Hans  W.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  29,  1825,  ^^^^  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  in  June,  1849,  ^Y  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
the  summer  of  '50  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  the  First  Ch., 
Pittsburgh,  1850-spring  of  1855,  and  while  on  a  visit  to  the 
West,  on  account  of  ill  health,  was  taken  with  typhoid  fever, 
and  died  Oct.  12,  1855,  at  Crawfordsville,  la.  "Winning  as 
a  man,  attractive  as  a  preacher,  sympathizing  as  a  pastor,  and 
confiding  as  a  friend. ' ' 

LEE,  James  Bascown,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Brother  of  Hans  W. ;  was  born  June  11,  1833,  at  Cadiz,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  2,  1854,  by  the  Pres.  of  Musk- 
ingum, and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '56,  by  Albany,  and  was  in- 
stalled in  Bovina,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  is  still  in 


4l8  THE   MINISTRY. 

charge.  He  is  Trustee  in  Hamilton  College,  N.  Y.,  and 
President  of  the  Delaware  Co.  Temperance  Society.  Publi- 
cation: How  to  Make  a  Will,  8vo.,  pp.  130,  published  by  the 
American  Tract  Society. 

LEIPER,  Hugh  Y.  : 

Brother  of  Joseph  H. ;  was  born  May  12,  1838,  at  Hooks- 
town,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1863, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1866,  by 
Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  i,  '67,  by  First  Ohio; 
pastor  of  Sycamore  and  Hopkinsville,  Warren  Co.,  O.,  July, 
1867-July,  '69;  of  Yellow  Creek  and  Grant's  Hill,  Jefferson 
Co.,  O.,  since  Jan.  i,  1870. 

LEIPER,  Joseph  Harper: 

Was  born  Feb.  5,  1837,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  the  Hookstown  Collegiate  Institute,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1867,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  30,  '68,  by  Steubenville;  was  installed  June  30, 
1868,  pastor  of  Calcutta,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  and  West 
Beaver;  resigned  the  latter  and  assumed  Sloan  Station,  Jan. 
I,  '74,  and  resigned  it  Dec.  31,  '75,  and  gave  whole  time  to 
Calcutta  until  in  1881;  pastor  of  Jonathan's  Creek,  O.,  June 
13,  1882-Aug.  27,  '84;  connected  with  the  Christian  States- 
man in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

LEWIS,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  by  the  Pres.  of  Washington  from  a  church  in 
Nova  Scotia;  supplied  the  church  in  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.   Y.,   from  Sept.,   1835,   till  Aug.  26,  '37,  when  he 
passed  to  one  of  the  Canada  churches. 
LILLIE,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Kelso,  Scotland,  about  1805;  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  Edinburgh;  studied  theology  with  Drs.  Law- 
son  and  Dick;  was  ordained  in  '29  over  a  United  Secession 
Ch.  in  Montrose;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1835;  was  pastor 
of  Franklin  St.,  New  York  city,  summer  of  1835-Feb., 
'36;  of  Salem,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  12,  1836-June  26,  '37;  passed 
to  the  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Rhinebeck  for  two  or 
three  years,  and  at  Clove,  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i844-'5;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  for  two 


THE   MINISTRY.  419 

or  three  years,  and  about  the  same  length  of  time  in  New 
Jersey.  He  next  joined  the  Baptist  Ch.,  and  became  a  Prof, 
in  a  college  in  Wisconsin,  and  afterward  of  a  theological  sem- 
inary in  Upper  Canada.  He  then  went  to  London,  England, 
studied  medicine  and  entered  upon  its  practice.  He  died  in 
1875  while  making  a  visit  to  some  friends  in  Kansas.  "A 
man  of  noble  presence,  a  grand  preacher  and  a  scholar  of  ripe 
and  varied  culture,"  but  too  restless  to  be  successful. 
LIND,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Matthew;  was  born  Mar.  14,  1784,  in 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  with  the  first  honors  by 
Dickinson  in  1802;  studied  theology  two  years  with  his 
brother-in-law,  Dr.  Hemphill,  of  S.  C,  and  Alex.  Dobbin 
and  John  Young,  and  two  years  in  the  Sem.  in  New  York, 
being  one  of  its  first  eight  students;  was  licensed  Aug.  4, 
1807,  by  the  Pres.  of  Big  Spring,  and  ordained  Oct.  4, 
'08  by  the  same;  was  installed  as  pastor  of  Greencastle, 
Hagerstown,  West  Conecocheague  and  the  Great  Cove  at  his 
ordination;  resigned  the  latter  two  in  '17,  and  died  in  Hagers- 
town, Md.,  Sept.  20,  1824.  He  was  offered  the  Professorship 
of  Theology  as  Dr.  Mason's  successor,  he  was  offered  the 
Presidency  of  Dickinson  College,  and  called  to  the  Murray 
St.  Ch.  in  New  York,  but  declined  them  all,  preferring  to 
remain  where  he  was  born  among  his  people  who  had  been 
his  father's  people. 
LIND,  Matthew  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1732  at  Cairn  Castle,  in  county  Antrim,  Ire- 
land; was  educated  at  Glasgow,  in  Scotland,  and  ordained  by 
the  Ref  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Scotland  in  1760;  was  pastor 
of  the  Covenanter  congregation  at  Aghadowey,  county  of 
Londonderry,  Ireland,  i76o-'73;  came  to  America  in  1773, 
and  in  connection  with  Alex.  Dobbin  and  John  Cuthbertson 
organized  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  America  on  the  loth 
of  Mar.,  1774,  at  Paxtang,  Dauphin  Co.,  Pa.,  and  went  into 
the  imion  which  formed  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  in  1782;  was  pas- 
tor of  Paxtang  and  of  Stony  Ridge,  in  Cumberland  Co., 
1 774-' 83;  of  Greencastle,  Chambersburg,  W.  Conecocheague 
and  the  Great  Cove  1 783-' 98,  and  died  Ap.  21,  1800,  from 
injuries  occasioned  from  beiug  thrown  from  his  horse. 


420  THE   MINISTRY. 

LIND,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Scotland  in  1799,  and  educated  and  ordained 
under  the  auspices  of  the  United  Secession  Ch.,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  John  Dick;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1840  and 
joined  the  Pres.  of  Indiana;  was  pastor  of  Shiloh,  Ind.,  1841- 
'46;  S.  S.  at  Caledonia  and  Orangeville,  Mich.,  1847-64;  died 
at  Caledonia,  Sept.  28,  1871. 

LINDSAY,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  31,  1800,  near  Hilton,  county  Down,  Ire- 
land, and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1808  and  settled  in  Jefferson 
Co.,  O.  His  great-grandfather,  together  with  five  brothers, 
came  from'  Scotland  into  Ireland  in  the  army  of  William  of 
Orange  and  fought  in  the  battle  of  Boyne  in  1690.  Mr. 
Lindsay  was  educated  at  Franklin  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1833,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  26,  '34,  by  the  same;  was  installed  over 
Jonathan's  Creek,  Goshen  and  Truro  in  1834,  and  resigned 
the  last  in  '37  and  the  others  in  '41;  was  pastor  of  Bir- 
mingham, la.,  Sept.,  '42-Ap.,  '54;  while  missionating  in  '57 
he  was  so  injured  by  the  upsetting  of  a  stage  coach  as  to  put 
him  upon  crutches  for  the  remainder  of  his  life,  still  he  per- 
formed some  missionary  work  until  '67,  when  he  retired  to 
Garnett,  Kan.,  and  their  died  July  5,  1880,  from  dysentery. 

LINDSAY,  Samuel  I. : 

Was  born  May  19,  1853,  ^^  Fairview,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ; 
was  educated  at  Monmouth  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  25,  1782,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
II,  '83,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Fairview  and  North  English, 
la.,  June,  1883-Oct.  i.,  '86;  of  Garner,  la.,  since  Nov.  16,  86- 
LINN,  Ardman  Ethmer: 

Was  born  Aug.  20,  1851,  near  Greenville,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1876,  by  the  Lake  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  18,  ^'j'],  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Freeport,  Pa., 
from  ordination  to  Oct.  27,  '81;  of  9th  Pittsburgh  since  Jan. 
10,  '82. 

LITTELL,  David  S.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  24,   1836,   in  Beaver  Co.,   Pa.;  was  gradu- 


THK   MINISTRY.  421 

ated  at  Westminster  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  liceased  June  26,  i860,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Jnly  i8,  '6i,  sine  titulo^  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Pigeon  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  17,  1861-June  14 
'86;  2d  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  1886- 
LITTELL,  Joseph  Anderson: 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1858,  at  Service,   Pa. ;  was  educated  at 
Westminster  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap. 
5,    1885,   by    ist   O.,    Pres.,  and   ordained  Jan.    4,    '87,    by 
Albany;  pastor  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ,  since  ordination. 
LIVINGSTON,  David: 

Was  born  June  22,  1847,  ^^  Reynoldsburg,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
29,  '76,  by  Cedar  Rapids;  pastor  of  Traer,  la,,  Nov.  29,  1876- 
Oct.  21,  '85;  S.  S.  Grand  Avenue,  St.  Louis  1885- 

LIVINGSTON,  Samuel  Austin: 

Was  born  June  7,  1861,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Washington  and  Jefierson  in  1884,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  and  ordained  May  10,  '87, 
by  ist  O. ;  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Butler  Co.,  O.,  since  ordi- 
nation, 
LOGAN  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1743  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Edinburgh 
University  in  1770,  and  studied  theology  with  Prof.  Mon- 
criefF  at  Alloa;  was  appointed  by  the  Asso.  Synod  to  go  to 
America  in  spring  of  1773,  this  he  declined  to  do,  and  his 
Presbytery  refused  to  license  him.  He  changed  his  mind  and 
agreed  to  comply  with  the  Synod's  appointment,  and  was 
licensed  Sept.  14,  1773,  by  the  Pres.,  of  Sterling,  and  im- 
mediately sailed  from  Glasgow  in  company  with  John  Mur- 
ray; he  was  ordained  in  '75  by  the  Pres.,  of  Pennsylvania; 
pastor  of  Fermanagh  and  connections  in  Juniata  Co.,  Pa., 
1777-1805.  He  went  into  the  union  of  1782  and  remained 
and  died  in  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church.  In  1803  he  became  un- 
able to  ride  to  his  church  because  of  a  physical  infirmity, 
although  his  general  health  remained  resonably  good.  Under 
these  circumstances  the  congregation  assembled  at  his  dwell- 


422  THE   MINISTRY. 

ing-house,  which  was  large  and  roomy,  and  he  there  con- 
tinued his  regular  Sabbath  services.  On  the  19th  of  May, 
1805,  he  preached  in  the  morning  as  usual,  and  according  to 
his  custom  retired  to  his  study  to  rest  during  the  half  hour  of 
intermission  before  conducting  the  second  service.  A  noise 
was  heard  in  his  room,  and  upon  entering  in  his  people  found 
that  he  had  fallen  and  was  insensible,  and  in  a  few  minutes 
died. 
LOGUE,  James  Robert: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James  W.,  was  born  Ap.  7,  1856,  in 
Northfield,  O. ;  after  spending  four  years  at  Oberlin,  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  taught  three  years,  and  then 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1882,  by 
Cleveland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  24,  '83,  by  Keokuk;  pas- 
tor of  2d  Ch.,  Washington,  la.,  since  ordination. 

LOGUE,  James  Washington,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  July  17,  1812,  in  Lower  Chanceford,  York  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1836,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  6,  1841,  by  Chartiers,  and 
was  ordained  Oct.  4,  '43,  by  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  Northfield, 
and  S.  S.  of  Stowe,  Summit  Co.,  O.,  Oct.,  1843-Sept.  11, 
'83,  and  Cleveland  Nov.  3,  1 843-' 49.  Publications:  A  Ser- 
mon on  Slavery,  1861;  a  Sermon  on  Presbyterian  Ch.  Gov- 
ernment, 1870;  Lectures  on  Confession  of  Faith,  in  Kvangeli- 
cal  Repository^  i862-'7i;  a  series  of  articles  on  Pre-milleuna- 
rianism,  1879. 

LONG,  Joseph  W.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  3,  1843,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Monmouth  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was 
licensed  Sept.  29,  1874,  by  Bloomington  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  27,  '76,  by  Southern  Illinois;  pastor  of  Romine  Prairie, 
Marion  Co.,  111.,  since  Sept.,  1876. 

LONG,  Leander  H.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  July  i,  1826,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Western  University  in  1844,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1847,  ^Y  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  25,  '48,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Birmingham  and  Temperanceville  July,  1848-June  26, 


THE   MINISTRY.  423 

'49;  of  Urbana,  O.,  i849-'52;  S.  S.  in  Columbus  i852-'4; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  in  it  pastor  of  Urbana 
Jan.,  1855-Feb.,  '65;  was,  during  this  pastorate,  chaplain  for 
a  year  in  the  army;  practiced  at  the  Urbana  bar  as  a, lawyer 
i865-'76,  and  served  two  terms  in  the  Legislature  of  Ohio; 
pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  Lebanon,  O.,  1876- 
1882,  and  is  in  Denver,  Col.  Publications:  Two  Sermons; 
one  in  Vol.  II,  the  other  Vol.  V  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit. 

LORIMER,  Samuel  Wallace: 

Son  of  Rev.  William;  was  born  Feb.  23,  1843,  ^^  Rich- 
mond, O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1862,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  April  19, 
1865,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  12,  '66,  by 
Keokuk;  was  pastor  of  Middletown  and  New  London,  la., 
Dec,  1866-Nov,  '67;  S.  Henderson,  111.,  Sept.,  1868-Mar., 
'75;  Red  Oak,  la.,  Aug.,  1876-Sept.,  '-]-];  Mulberry,  West 
Missouri,  Ap.  7,  1880-Aug.  24,  '86. 

LORIMER,  William  (A.  R.):* 

Was  born  Ap.  11,  1810,  near  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1836,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1837,  by  the  Second  Ohio,  and  ordained 
Ap.  18,  '38,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Richmond  and  Knox- 
ville,  O.,  1838-48;  Richmond  alone  1848-54;  Richmond  and 
Piney  Fork  1 854-' 58;  Antrim,  O.,  1 858-' 65;  Morning  Sun, 
la.,  1865-70;  Stanwood,  la.,  Nov.,  1870-June,  '72;  Olena, 
111.,  Nov.,  1872,  till  death,  Jan.  30,  1873. 

LOVE,  Thomas,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  May  19,  182 1,  in  Shepherdstown,  Belmont  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  31,  1853,  by  Steubenville 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  15,  '54,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  of 
Waterford  and  McKean,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.,  1854-Ap.,  '64, 
and  of  High  Ridge,  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Dec,  1876-Oct.  21, 
1885. 
LOWRY,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  South  Carolina  in  1777;  was  graduated  at 
Columbia  College,  S.  C,  in  1808,  and  studied  theology  in 
New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in   1814  by  the 


424  THE   MINISTRY. 

First  Pres.   of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  in  Oct.,   '14,  by 

Second  Carolinas;  was  pastor  of  Bethel  and  connections,  in 

Jefferson  Co.,  Ga. ,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  July 

23,  1841.     He  was  far  above  the  average  both  as  man  and  as 

minister. 

LUKE,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  in  1844  by  the  Pres.  of  Washington  from  Ire- 
land or  Scotland;  supplied  the  church  in   Lisbon,  St.  Law- 
rence Co.,  N.  Y.,  for  a  year,  and  then  passed  to  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.  of  Canada. 
LUSK,  Davis  William: 

Was  born  Dec.  15,  1851,  at  Kammerer,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  ^'^^  studied  the- 
ology at  Union,  N.  Y.  city;  was  licensed  Mar.  11,  1879,  by 
Second  New  York,  and  ordained  Mar.  22,  '81,  by  the  same; 
pastor  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  Mar.  22,  1881-June  19,  '83;  Frank- 
ford,  Pa.,  Nov.  26,  1883-Mar.  30,  '85;  joined  the  Presbyte- 
rian Ch. ,  and  is  in  Newark,  N.  J. 
LUSK,  Hugh  King  (A.)* 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  June  9,  1846,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  20,  '47,  by  Cambridge;  was  pastor  of  the  residu- 
ary church  of  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  Oct.,  1847-May  6,  '57;  S. 
S.  at  Verona,  Allegheny  Co.,  1858-June  '61;  died  Jan.  25, 
1862,  of  consumption. 

LYLE,  James  (A.):* 

Was  born  about  1795  in  Eastern  Pennsylvania;  was  edu- 
cated at  Dickinson,  and  studied  theology  at  Service  and  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug.  20,  1823,  by  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  4,  '25,  by  the  Carolinas;  was  pastor  of  Bethel, 
Little  River  and  Smyrna,  in  Fairfield  and  Chester  counties, 
S.  C,  1825-34;  was  suspended  from  the  ministry  for  drunk- 
enness and  impurity  in  1837;  soon  afterwards  moved  to  Texas, 
where  in  1840  he  was  killed  in  a  quarrel. 

LYNN,  John  Calvin: 

Was  born  May  10,  1851,  at  Gordan's  Grove,  Randolph  Co., 
111.;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1881,  and  studied  the- 


THE   MINISTRY.  425 

ology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1884,  by  Xenia  Pres.  and 
ordained  May  7,  '85,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Wheatland,  Will 
Co.,  111.,  since  ordination. 
LYONS,  John  Chambers  (A.  R.): 

After  being  deposed  for  immorality  by  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  Ireland  was  received  Aug.  13,  1844,  ^y  the  Pres.  of 
New  York  on  false  credentials,  purporting  to  come  from  the 
Secession  Presbytery  of  Down,  in  Ireland,  and  was  installed 
pastor  of  the  A.  R.  congregation  in  Kensington,  Philadelphia, 
on  the  iSth  of  the  following  Nov.  During  the  winter  some- 
thing of  the  deception  was  ascertained,  and  when  called  to  an 
account  Mr.  Lyons  made  such  a  confession  and  explanation 
as  lead  the  Presbytery  to  dismiss  the  matter  with  a  rebuke. 
News  from  Ireland  soon  showed  that  the  confession  and  ex- 
planation were  not  true,  and  in  July,  1845,  he  was  formally 
deposed  from  the  ministry.  In  a  short  time  afterward  he  and 
his  congregation  were  received  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New 
York,  (Stark,  &c.,)  and  on  the  6th  of  November,  1850,  he 
was  by  it  suspended  from  the  ministry  and  loosed  from  his 
charge.  He  then  studied  medicine,  and  has  ever  since  prac- 
ticed in  Kensington,  in  Philadelphia. 
LYONS,  Samuel  Ross: 

Was  born  Ap.  28,  1849,  ^^^^  Winnsboro',  S.  C. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1880,  by  Southern  Illinois,  and  ordained 
Aug.  3,  '80,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Marissa,  St.  Clair  Co.,  111., 
Aug.  3,  i88(>-May  85;  Bloomington,  Ind.,  Aug.  27,  1885- 
LYTLE,  Allen  William: 

Was  born  Aug.  19,  1853,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  28,  1881,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  8,  '83,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Sterling 
Valley,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

LYTLE,  D.  Smith: 

Was  born  Jan.  3,  1847,  ^^  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1879,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  14,  1881,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  7, 
'81,  by  the  same,  for  the  foreign  missionary  work.  Stationed 
at  Sialkot,  N.  India. 

27 


426  THE   MINISTRY. 

LYTlvE,  James  Dudgeon: 

Was  born  Ap.  6,  1854,  in  Ligonier  Valley,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1880,  by  Westmoreland,  and  or- 
dained June  28,  '81,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Lyndon,  Cat- 
taraugus Co.,  N.  Y.,  June,  '8i-June  8,  '86;  N.  Henderson, 
111.,  since  Sep.,  1886. 
LYTLE,  James  Pollock,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Ligonier  Valley,  Westmoreland  Co.  Pa.,  Dec. 
6,  1821;  was  educated  at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  15,  1851,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Sep.  18,  '53,  by  Miami;  was  editor 
of  the  Presbyterian  Witness^  in  Cincinnati,  i853-'6;  has  been 
pastor  of  Bloomfield  congregation,  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  since 
Sept.,  1855.  Publications:  Memoir  of  Joseph  Scroggs,  D.  D. ; 
Memoir  of  R.  H.  Pollock,  D.  D. ;  Progress,  the  Law  of  Christ's 
Kingdom,  an  Address  to  the  Theological  Students  at  Xenia; 
An  Address  at  the  Fiftieth  Anniversary  of  the  Settlement  of 
Dr.  Scroggs;  Christ's  Mediatorial  Government,  a  Sermon  be- 
fore Synod. 

LYTLE,  William  H.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  13,  1853,  ^^  Fredericksburg,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1884,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  17,  '84,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of  Tumlinson's 
Run;  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination;  Resigned  June  26, 
1887. 
McADAM,  Hugh  Parks: 

Was  born  May  16,  1837;  at  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny:  was 
licensed  Ap.  8,  1862,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  July, 
20,  '65,  Albany;  was  pastor  in  Troy  N.  Y.,  July  1865-Jan.  9, 
'71;  joined  the  Reformed  Dutch  Church  and  was  pastor  at 
Lodi,  N.  Y.,  16  years,  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at 
New  York  Mills,  N.  Y. 
McADAM,  William  Taggart,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  5,  1823,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.   23,  1845,  by  Second  Ohio,   and  ordained 


THK    MINISTRY,  437 

May  19,  '47,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  1847- 
Sept.  '53;  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Ap.  i854-'7;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  and  was  pastor  at  Sharon,  Pa.,  i857-'6o;  chap- 
lain of  volunteers  Aug.,  1861-June,  '65;  was  pastor  at  Che- 
rokee, la.,  1 874-' 79;  and  is  now  post  chaplain  in  the  U.  S. 
Army  and  stationed  at  Fort  Omaha,  Neb. 

McAllister,  Robert  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  county  Down,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Bel- 
fast College  and  Seminary;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  Ban- 
bridge;  came  to  Canada  in  1854,  and  was  ordained  Mar.  27, 
'55,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Stamford;  was  pastor  at  Port  Rob- 
inson, Canada  West,  from  ordination  until  his  death,  in  1863. 

McAllister,  wiluamJohn*: 

Was  born  Mar.  25,  1832,  in  Washington  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth; was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1871,  by  Chicago  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  10,  '72,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Wheatland, 
111.,  Ap.,  1872-Ap.  74;  of  Amity,  Tama  Co.,  la.,  1876,  until 
his  death,  which  took  place  Feb.  9,  1879,  at  Tracer,  la. 
McARTHUR,  James  (A.): 

Brother  of  Samuel;  was  born  Jan.  8,  1815,  in  Cambridge, 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1841, 
and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  3 
1845,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  11,  '46,  by 
Cambridge;  was  pastor  at  Ryegate,  Vt,  Sept.,  1846-Dec.,  '57; 
at  Ellison,  111.,  July,  1859-Aug.,  '72;  was  superintendent  of 
schools  in  the  county  of  Henderson,  111.,  for  four  years;  is 
now  at  Monmouth,  infirm.  Publications :  A  Sermon  on  Faith ; 
Farewell  Sermon  at  Ryegate. 

McARTHUR,  John  M.  : 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  Jan.  9,  1850,  in  Barnet, 
Vt. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Aug.,  1873, 
by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  29,  '74,  by  Xenia; 
pastor  at  Reynoldsburg,  O.,  Oct.,  1874-Aug.,  '-j-j;  at  McDon- 
ald, near  Pittsburg,  Aug.  20,  1877-Nov.  4,  '79:  at  Yorkville, 
Wis.,  S.  S.,  i88i-'3;  pastor  June  20,  1883-Sep.  21,  '86;  An- 
drew, la.,  Oct.  27,  1886- 


428  THE   MINISTRY. 

McARTHUR,  Samuel  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  28,  1805,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Union  in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  June  13,  1837,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  I,  '38,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  McMalion's  Creek 
and  Belmont,  O.,  Nov.,  1838-Ap.  '51;  Birmingham,  la.,  1855- 
'64;  East  Union  and  Mechanicsburg,  Pa.,  i866-'74;  supplied 
Clear  Fork,  O.,  i874-'7;  was  President  of  Muskingum  College 
i85i-'5,  and  of  Birmingham  College,  la.,  for  six  years;  died 
at  New  Concord,  O.,  March  11,  1881. 

McAULEY,  Duncan  Turner: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  May  16,  1826,  in  Ogdens- 
burg,  N.  Y. ;  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in 
the  spring  of  1861  by  St.  Louis  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7, 
'62,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Washington,  Randolph  Co.,  111., 
1862-65;  S.  S.  at  Americus,  Kan.,  1866-7;  S.  S.  at  Plymouth 
and  Big  Creek,  Kan.,  1870-3;  pastor  of  Big  Creek  Sept.  3, 
1873-Mar.  31,  '75;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  S.  S. 
at  Fruitland,  111. 
McAULEY,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  William;  was  born  in  1792  in  county 
Monoghan,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University, 
Scotland,  and  studied  theology  at  Belfast;  was  licensed  and 
ordained  in  Ireland,  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1819;  supplied 
in  Montreal,  Canada,  a  year;  was  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.,  1820-6;  of  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  in 
Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Ap.  18,  1827-Aug.  25,  '35; 
for  the  sake  of  a  milder  climate  he  missionated  in  Southern 
Ohio,  Kentucky  and  Southern  Illinois;  was  installed  over 
Springfield  and  Union,  in  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  in  1839;  re- 
signed Union  in  '43,  and  Springfield  in  spring  of  '47;  was 
pastor  of  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  4,  1847-July 
4,  '52;  retired  to  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.,  and  lived  without 
charge  until  his  death,  Dec.  10,  1865. 
McAULEY,  John  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  and  when  a  student  of  theology  in 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  connected  himself  with  the  Asso.  Ch. ; 
was  licensed  Nov.  16,  1836,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained  in  July,   '38,  by  Allegheny  and  installed   pastor  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  429 

Jefferson,  Upper  Piney  and  Cherry  Run,  in  Clarion  Co.,  Pa., 
the  latter  of  which  he  still  retained  in  1858,  having  demitted 
the  others  in  Ap.  '41.  He  and  his  congregation  refused  to 
go  into  the  union  and  remained  in  the  residuary  Asso.  Synod. 
He  differed  with  his  synod  on  the  Headship  of  Christ  and 
some  other  things,  which  finally  resulted  in  his  being  sus- 
pended Sept.  II,  '67,  by  the  Pres.  of  Clarion  for  insubordina- 
tion. Dec.  31,  '67,  he  was  received  by  the  Pittsburgh  Pres. 
of  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Ch.  (O.  S.)  When  they  covenanted 
in  1870  in  Pittsburgh  he  became  dissatisfied  with  the  "Bond" 
and  some  other  things,  which  led  him  in  the  spring  of  ''jt^  to 
decline  the  authority  of  the  Ref  Pres.  Synod,  and  May  i, 
1873,  he  joined  the  "Reformed  Presbytery  "  at  its  meeting  in 
Allegheny.  This  is  an  independent  Covenanter  Pres.  which 
then  consisted  of  the  Rev.  David  Steele,V)f  Philadelphia,  and 
the  Rev.  J.  J.  Peoples,  of  Northwood,  O.  The  latter  has 
since  withdrawn,  and  Dr.  Steele  is  dead.  Mr.  McAuley  still 
resides  at  Sligo,  Clarion  Co.,  Pa. 
McAULEY,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1765  in  county  Monoghan,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology 
with  John  Brown,  of  Haddington,  and  was  licensed  in  1789 
by  the  Asso.  Burgher  Pres.  of  Armagh.  When  he  had  de- 
livered his  trials  for  licensure,  the  members  of  Pres. ,  according 
to  the  custom  of  the  times,  criticised  them  unmercifully,  and 
in  this  case  very  unjustly,  for  they  were  above  the  capabilities 
of  a  large  part  of  the  Pres.  Mr.  McAuley  was  so  galled  at 
the  injustice  that  he  claimed  to  be  heard  in  answer,  and  then 
administered  an  excoriation  which  astonished  the  fathers  and 
brethren  and  clearly  revealed  to  them  the  kind  of  stuff  of 
which  he  was  made.  He  was  ordained  in  1790  by  the  same 
Pres.,  and  was  a  very  successful  pastor  at  Tulliallan  i79o-'4. 
He  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  the  summer  of  1794,  and  on  the  2d 
of  Sept.  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Washington,  and  soon 
received  a  call  to  the  congregations  of  Kortright  and  Stam- 
ford, in  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  installed  June 
25,  1795.  In  1810  he  resigned  Stamford,  and  retained  Kort- 
right until  his  death,  which  occurred  Mar.  24,  1851. 

The  people  with  whom  he  settled  were  all  beginners  and 


430  THE   MINISTRY. 

poor,  and  could  give  him  a  very  inadequate  salary,  so  that  he 
was  compelled  to  take  a  farm  and  labor  upon  it  for  his  sup- 
port. He  toiled  thus  year  after  year  until  he  was  past  middle 
life,  amid  difficulties,  privations,  the  pinchings  of  poverty 
and  the  anxieties  incident  to  a  large  family;  isolated  from 
congenial  minds,  without  either  the  ability  to  purchase  books 
or  the  time  to  peruse  them,  yet  he  was  one  of  the  most  popu- 
lar and  acceptable  preachers  in  his  Synod.  He  was  unques- 
tionably very  much  above  the  average  in  ability,  and  if  his 
circumstances  and  surroundings  had  been  such  as  to  develop 
his  powers  thoroughly  he  would  have  become  noted.  As  it 
was,  those  who  knew  both  well  regarded  him  as  being  deci- 
dedly superior  to  his  distinguished  brother,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
McAuley,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  He  held  the  affections  of  his  peo- 
ple through  three  or  four  generations,  so  that  they  gave  him 
a  colleague  in  his  old  days,  and  listened  to  him  gladly  when 
so  old  and  blind  and  infirm  that  he  had  to  be  helped  into  the 
pulpit. 

Although  his  life  had  been  one  of  difficulties,  to  which  were 
added  sorrows,  still  his  native  wit  and  humor  continued  in  a 
quiet  way  to  the  last.  He  was  once  called  to  marry  the 
nephew  of  one  of  his  neighbors,  a  worthy  Covenanter  of  the 
old  stamp,  who  was  disposed  to  measure  the  value  of  religious 
services  by  their  length.  Mr.  McAuley,  as  his  habit  was, 
made  the  marriage  service  quite  short;  and  when  he  pro- 
nounced the  young  couple  husband  and  wife,  "Humph,"  said 
the  uncle,  "they  are  nae  mair  married  than  they  were  be- 
fore." Some  time  afterward  the  uncle  concluded  to  take  to 
himself  a  wife,  and  as  no  minister  of  his  own  church  could  be 
gotten  he  was  forced,  much  against  his  will,  to  apply  to  Mr. 
McAuley,  who  cheerfully  consented  to  "tie  the  knot"  for 
him.  When  the  evening  for  the  marriage  arrived  and  the 
parties  had  presented  themselves,  Mr.  McAuley  said  a  word 
or  two  to  the  bride,  and  then  addressed  the  bridegroom  in  a 
regular  discourse  upon  his  duties  and  responsibilities  to  such 
length  that  the  poor  man,  fairly  wearied  out,  was  forced  to 
take  a  seat,  leaving  the  lady  standing  alone.  Mr.  McAuley 
then  closed  the  service,  and  after  the  customary  congratula- 
tions, he,  with  a  significant  smile,  asked  the  good  Covenan- 
ter, "Do  you  think  ihaX you  are  married?" 


THE   MINISTRY.  431 

McAYEAL,  HOWARD  S. 

Son  of  Dr.  Robert,  was  born  Nov.  8,  i860,  at  Oskaloosa, 
la. ;  after  spending  two  years  in  Edinburgh  University  was 
graduated  at  Geneva  College,  Beaver  Falls,  Pa.,  in  1883,  and 
studied  theology  one  year  in  Montreal,  Can.,  two  years  in 
Allegheny,  Pa.,  (Presbyterian)  and  one  in  Xenia;  was 
licensed  May  13,  1887,  by  College  Springs  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  30,  '87,  Delaware;  pastor  of  Meredith,  N.  Y., 
since  ordination.     Publications;  Two  or  three  Sermons. 

McAYEAL,  Robert  Archibald  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  25,  1825,  i^  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  but 
brought  up  in  Westmoreland  under  the  ministry  of  Mungo 
Dick;  was  graduated  at  Geneva,  O.,  1854;  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  15,  1855,  by  Westmoreland 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  8,  '56,  by  Iowa;  pastor  of  Oska- 
loosa, la.,  Nov.,  1856-N0V.  7,  '78,  during  which  time  he 
spent  one  year  as  chaplain  in  the  army;  pastor  at  Lawrence, 
Mass.,  since  Jan.  21,  1879.  He  was  Moderator  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  1871. 

McBRIDE,  Andrew: 

Was  born  Jan.  4,  1843,  in  Hopewell,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1867,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  May  9,  1871,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  9,  '73,  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  of  Caledonia,  Ind., 
Ap.,  1873-June  29,  '79,  of  Greensboro,  Vt.,  May  2,  1883- 
Publication:  An  Essay  on  Conversion. 

McBRIDE,  Robert  William: 

Was  born  Oct.  22,  1848,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1878,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  5,  '79,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Olena,  Henderson  Co., 
111.,  Sept.  5,  1879-Aug.  27,  '84;  Missionary  to  the  Warm 
Springs  Indians,  in  Oregon,  1884- 

McBRIDE,  Samuel  Bruce: 

Was  born  June  21,  1840,  near  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1862;  enlisted  in  the  volunteer  infantry 
service  in  the  civil  war  Aug.  12,  1862,  and  was  discharged 
Dec.    18,    '63,    "by  reason   of  wound  received   in   action;" 


432  THE   MINISTRY. 

studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May 
I,  1867,  by  Chartieis  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  6,  '70,  by 
Westmoreland;  pastor  of  Union,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Sept., 
1870-June  19,  '^']\  of  Laurel  Hill,  Fayette  Co.,  since  Aug. 
13,  1878.  Publication:  True  Philantrophy,  tract  No.  13, 
United  Presbyterian  Board  of  Publication. 
McBURNEY,  Francis  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  4,  1827,  ^^^^r  Broughshane,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Belfast  College,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  3,  1854,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  14,  '56,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of 
Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1856-Oct.  6,  '68;  of  Mexico, 
Juniata  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Sept.  28,  1869. 
McCAGUE,  Thomas  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1825,  in  Ripley,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  185 1,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  li- 
censed Ap.  9,  1853,  by  Chillicothe  Pres.,  and  ordained  May 
9,  '54,  by  the  same;  sailed  as  missionary  to  Egypt  in  Oct., 
1854;  remained  in  the  field  until  Mar.,  '61,  when  ill  health 
compelled  him  to  return  home.  He  has  since  labored  as  a 
missionary  in  the  home  field,  and  resides  at  Omaha,  Neb. 
McCAHAN,  Alexander,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1794  in  Ireland,  and  educated  at  Belfast;  was 
licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Coleraine,  and  ordained  Dec.  2, 
'28,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Big  Spring;  pastor  of  Cham- 
bersburg  and  Concord,  Pa.,  Dec,  1828-Oct.  6,  '30;  installed 
over  Canonsburg  and  Cross  Roads,  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
Sept.  21,  '31;  released  Ap.  12,  1837,  from  the  latter,  and 
Mar.  28,  '43,  from  the  former;  pastor  of  Jacksonville  and 
Olivet,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1843-Ap.  '44,  when  he  be- 
came S.  S.  to  the  latter  for  some  time;  was  pastor  of  Beth- 
saida,  Tipton  Co.,  Ind.,  June,  1855-8;  retired  in  two  or  three 
years  to  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  where  he  died  Oct.  4,  1873. 
McCAIvL,  John  Atkinson  *: 

Was  born  Feb.  23,  1834,  at  New  Athens,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  9,  1862,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar. 
31,  '63,  by  Xenia,  and  installed  at  Cedarville,  where,  on  the 
23d  of  the  following  Aug. ,  he  died  from  bilious  colic. 


THE   MINISTRY.  433 

McCALISTER,  John  Randolph  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Hopewell,  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  14,  1852,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  Oct.,  '55,  by  Second  Illinois;  S.  S.  Rock  Island,  111., 
1854-60;  pastor  of  Aledo  and  Viola,  111.,  1862-7.  His 
labors  have  been  chiefly  misssionary;  S.  S.  at  Whitinsville, 
Mass.,  1885-';. 
McCALMONT,  James  Andrew: 

Was  born  at  Hickory,  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  10,  1877,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
July  14,  '80,  by  College  Springs;  pastor  of  Adams,  Taylor 
Co.,  la.,  July  14,  1880- Aug.  29,  '83;  Newton  and  Palo  Alto, 
la.,  Nov.  26,  1886- 

McCAMPBELL,  Luther: 

Was  born  June  4,  1846,  near  New  California,  Union  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  10,  1872,  by  Sidney 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  24,  ^^t,^  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Buffalo, 
Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

McCARRELL,  Alexander  Donnan: 

Was  born  at  Hickory,  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  May  3,  1870,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  I,  '74,  by  Mansfield;  was  pastor  of  Millersburg, 
O.,  Oct.,  1874-Sept.  8,  '-JT,  Stewart  Station,  Pa.,  Feb.  15, 
1881- 
McCARRELL,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Western  Pennsylvania,  was  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson in  1824,  ^^^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  li- 
censed Sept.  I,  1829,  ^y  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine 
titulo^  Sept.  16,  '30,  by  Miami;  was  pastor  of  Upper  Piney 
and  Cherry  Run,  in  Clarion  Co.,  Pa.,  June,  1831-37;  of 
Tumlinson  Run,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  28,  1837-Jan.  3,  '54; 
he  died  in  1856. 
McCARRELL,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  9,  1795,  at  Shippensburg,  Cumberland  Co., 


434  THE   MINISTRY. 

Pa,  While  preparing  for  college  the  country  was  startled  by 
the  report  that  the  British  had  burned  Washington  and  were 
marching  upon  Baltimore,  Such  was  the  patriotic  ardor  in 
Shippensburg  that  every  man  in  town,  capable  of  bearing 
arms,  hurried  to  the  defense  of  Baltimore,  and  among  these 
was  Joseph  McCarrell,  who  witnessed  the  bombardment  of 
Fort  McHenry.  He  returned  to  his  books  and  was  graduated 
at  Washington  in  1815,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York 
under  Dr,  J.  M.  Mason;  was  licensed  June  19,  1821,  by  Big 
Spring  Pres,,  and  ordained  Mar.  14,  '23,  by  New  York;  was 
pastor  of  the  First  Asso.  Ref  Ch,  of  Newburgh,  N,  Y.,  from 
his  ordination  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Mar.  29,  1864. 
In  1829  ^^  was  elected  Prof,  of  Theology  in  the  resuscitated 
Seminary  of  Newburgh,  and  discharged  the  duties  thereof  for 
thirty  years,  and  during  much  of  the  time  alone.  He  had 
read  through  the  whole  of  the  Hebrew  Bible  before  he  en- 
tered the  Theological  Seminary  as  a  student,  and  as  Professor 
always  insisted  that  every  student  should  read  the  entire 
Bible  in  the  original  Hebrew  and  Greek  before  licensure. 

As  a  teacher  he  was  very  fond  of  treating  subjects  analyti- 
cally, and  he  was  master  of  that  mode  of  discussion.  As  a 
preacher  he  was  solemn,  instructive  and  impressive.  As  a 
writer  he  was  clear  and  forcible.  Dr.  Forsyth,  of  Newburgh, 
N,  Y.,  when  a  boy  was  a  parishioner,  then  a  pupil,  a  fellow 
professor  and  a  life-long  friend,  says  of  Dr.  McCarrell:  "In 
all  my  intercourse  with  men,  never  have  I  met  with  one  in 
whom  masculine  vigor  of  intellect  was  combined  with  more 
of  the  gentle  grace  of  the  gospel ;  nor  one  who  surpassed  him 
in  childlike  simplicity,  unselfishness  and  profound  reverence 
for  all  sacred  things.  He  had  his  failings,  no  doubt,  but  even 
they  leaned  to  virtue's  side."  Publications:  A  Missionary 
Sermon,  1826;  An  Answer  to  a  Discourse  preached  by  Dr, 
W.  E.  Channing  at  the  dedication  of  the  Second  Unitarian 
Ch,,  in  New  York,  1827;  An  Address  on  the  Sabbath,  1827; 
Speech  before  the  Gen.  Ass.  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  of  183 1, 
in  support  of  a  claim  of  the  A.  R.  Synod  of  New  York,  to 
the  property  transferred  to  Princeton  by  the  Gen.  Synod  of 
the  A.  R.  Ch.,  at  the  union  in  1822;  The  Way  of  Salvation, 
a  Sermon,  1834;  Ministerial  Responsibilities,  a  Sermon,  1834; 


THE   MINISTRY.  435 

Review  of  the  Opinions  of  Dr.  N.  W.  Taylor,  1834;  Review 
of  Stuart  on  Romans,  1835;  The  Atonement,  a  Sermon,  1837; 
A  Sermon  at  the  funeral  of  Mr.  D.  N.  Carithers,  1838;  An 
Address  to  Students  of  the  Seminary,  1839;  Bible  Temper- 
ance, in  three  Sermons,  1841;  The  Seraphim,  an  Address, 
1847;  Fishers  of  Men,  an  Address,  1848;  The  Book,  an  Ad- 
dress, 1849;  The  Christian's  Hope,  a  Sermon,  1850;  An  Essay 
upon  Capital  Punishment,  1852;  A  God-sent  Ministry,  the 
World's  Great  Need,  an  Address,  1852;  An  Essay  upon  the 
Geology  of  the  Bible,  1856;  The  Cherubim,  a  Sermon  on 
Genesis  iii.  24. 

McCARROLL,  Andrew  B.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  4,  1847,  i"  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  West- 
minster in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Mar.  30,  1876,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  10,  '79,  by 
Detroit;  pastor  of  Brock  way  and  Fremont,  St.  Clair  Co., 
Mich.,  June  10,  1879-Nov.  8,  '82;  founded  a  colony  in  1887 
in  Kan. 
McCARTEE,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  30,  1791,  in  New  York  city;  was  graduated 
at  Columbia,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Mason;  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1816,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
May,  '17,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of  the  Spruce  Street  Asso. 
Ref.  Ch.,  in  Philadelphia,  1817-Ap.  21,  '21;  went  into  the 
union  of  1822,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Canal  St.,  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  in  New  York,  1822-36;  of  Port  Carbon,  Schuylkill  Co., 
Pa,,  1836-40;  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  i84o-'9;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Synod  of  New  York,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Union  Ch. ,  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y.,  i849-'56;  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  Twenty- 
second  St.,  New  York,  i856-'62;  retired  to  Yonkers,  and 
died  Mar.  12,  1865. 

McCartney,  Andrew: 

Was  born  Aug.  25,  1823,  ^^^  Po^^  Glenore,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  17,  1857, 
by  the  Asso.  Pres.,  of  Muskingum,  and  ordained  Dec.  8,  '58, 
by  the  United  Presbyterian  of  Mansfield;  was  pastor  of  Dal- 
ton,  O.,  Dec,  1858-May,  '61;  was  S.  S.,  in  Topeka,  Valley 


43^  THE   MINISTRY. 

Falls,  etc.,  in  Kan.,  i86i-'6;  pastor  at  Lacona  and  Indian ola, 
la.,  from  Mar.,  1866,  released  from  the  former  in  June,  '68, 
and  from  the  latter  in  '71;  after  supplying  elsewhere,  was  re- 
called to  Lacona  May,  1879-Ap.  11,  '83. 
McCartney,  Joseph*: 

Was  born  May  29,  1828,  in  Armagh,  Indiana  Co. ,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1859,  by  Conemaugh  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  June  20,  '60,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  Mexico,  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.,  1862-July  10,  '67; 
Franklin,  Venango  Co.,  r868-Sept.,  '72;  S.  S.  at  Omaha, 
Neb.,  i876-'7,  where  he  died  Oct.  17,  1877, 
McCartney,  Thomas*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Andrew;  was  born  in  1829,  in  Port 
Glenore,  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Antrim,  O.,  in  1854, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  April  14,  1859, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  10,  '60,  by  Xenia; 
was  missionary,  S.  S.  and  pastor  at  Nebraska  City  and  Rock 
Bluff,  Neb.,  1861-8;  died  Mar.  10,  1869. 

McCAUGHAN,  Charles  Thompson,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  19,  1814,  at  Rock  Ridge,  Trigg  Co.,  Ky. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1837,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny  and  Oxford  ;  was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1840,  by  First 
Ohio,  and  ordained  Oct.  13,  '41,  by  Springfield;  pastor  of 
Sidney,  O.,  Oct.  1841-Dec.  '57;  Principal  of  the  Urbana  Fe- 
male Seminary,  i856-'9;  Principal  of  the  Mansfield  Academy, 
Pa.,  1861-4;  installed  pastor  of  Winterset,  la.,  and  connec- 
tions, Aug.  30,  1865,  and  was  released  from  Montpelier 
April,  '68;  from  Winterset  and  North  Branch  Nov.  9,  '70, 
and  Union  June  16,  '75,  and  from  Peru,  Ap.  10,  '82.  Pub- 
lications: The  Temporal  Support  of  Religion,  a  Sermon, 
1845;  The  Value  of  the  World  when  the  Soul  is  Lost, 
Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit,  Vol.  I,  1850;  The  Glory  of  a  Christian 
Church,  Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit,  Vol.  V,  1854;  Odd  Fellowship, 
a  Sermon;  History  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Presbytery  of  Spring- 
field, 1880. 

McCAUGHEY,  Elijah  S.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  May  4,  1821,  in  Stark  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated  at 


THE   MINISTRY.  437 

Franklin,  and  studied  theology  [at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
in  Ap.,  1851,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Ap.,  '54, 
by  Second  Illinois;  installed  soon  after  ordination  over  White 
Oak  Grove,  McLean  Co. ,  Ills. ,  and  suspended  from  the  min- 
istry Ap.  30,  '55,  for  "unministerial  and  unchristian  conduct." 
Engaged  in  secular  pursuits, 
McCAW,  David: 

Was  born  Nov.  17,  1852,  in  Bloomington,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1885,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained, July  8,  '86,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Kittanning  and  Wor- 
thington.  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

McCHORD,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  March  29,  1785,  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  in  1790 
his  father  removed  the  family  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  where  they 
United  with  Mr.  Rankin's  church.  In  1801  Mr.  McChord 
entered  Transylvania  University,  but  in  the  spring  of  1803  he 
left  it  and  entered  the  office  of  Henry  Clay  to  study  law.  His 
preceptor's  engagements  were  so  numerous  that  he  could  find 
no  time  to  hear  his  pupil's  recitations  except  upon  the  Sab- 
bath. Against  this  his  conscience,  enlightened  by  a  religious 
education,  remonstrated,  and  the  result  was  an  entire  change 
of  views  and  feelings,  and  he  resolved  to  study  for  the  minis- 
try. He  re-entered  the  university  and  was  graduated  in  1805, 
when  he  went  to  the  Theo.  Sem.  in  New  York,  where  he  re- 
mained four  years,  and  was  licensed  Nov.  3,  1809,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Kentucky.  In  April,  '11,  he  was  ordained  by  the 
same.  In  '  12  he  published  in  the  Evangelical  Recoi'd  a  series|of 
papers  which  he  afterwards  revised  and  published  in '  14  in  an 
octavo  volume,  under  the  title  of  "The  Body  of  Christ." 
The  design  of  this  work  was  to  harmonize  the  doctrines  of  a 
limited  atonement  and  an  unlimited  offer  of  the  gospel,  which 
he  did  by  propounding  a  new  theory  of  the  headship  of 
Christ,  in  which  he  held  that  the  atonement  was  made  neither 
for  all  mankind,  nor  yet  for  the  elect  as  such,  although  none 
but  the  elect  would  ever  receive  its  benefits;  but  that  it  was 
made  for  His  body — that  body  corporate,  of  which  from  time 
to  time  individuals  became  members  by  regeneration.  His 
Presbytery  took  exceptions  to  his  theory,  and  in  Oct.,  1815, 


438  THE   MINISTRY. 

he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry.  He  appealed  to  the 
General  Synod,  but  was  unable,  because  of  severe  illness,  to 
attend  its  meeting  in  May,  '16,  and  in  his  absence  the  Synod 
enjoined  him  to  submit  to  his  suspension  until  he  could  be 
heard.  He  submitted  and  appeared  before  the  Synod  in  May, 
'17,  and  defended  himself  in  a  speech  of  remarkable  elo- 
quence and  power.  The  Synod  decided:  "That  so  much  of 
the  libel  against  Rev.  J.  McChord  as  goes  to  charge  him  with 
denying  that  any  are  represented  in  Adam  who  are  not  united 
to  him  by  natural  generation,  thereby  making  representation 
consequent  on  natural  generation;  and  so  much  of  the  libel 
as  charges  him  with  denying  that  any  are  represented  by 
Christ  in  the  covenant  of  grace  until  they  are  united  to  Christ 
in  regeneration,  thereby  making  representation  in  Christ  con- 
sequent to  regeneration,  is  relevant  and  true."  He  refused  to 
submit  further  and  declined  the  authority  of  the  Synod,  and 
in  the  autumn  was  received  into  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  by  the 
Pres.  of  West  Lexington. 

In  i8i3-'i4  a  number  of  young  persons  in  Lexington,  not 
professors  of  religion,  from  the  very  high  estimate  they  had 
of  Mr.  McChord' s  talents,  undertook  to  build  a  place  of  pub- 
lic worship  on  the  supposition  that  a  congregation  might 
easily  be  gathered  to  attend  upon  his  ministry,  allowing  him 
to  attach  it  to  whatever  church  he  saw  fit.  It  was  the  man 
and  not  the  denomination  for  which  they  cared.  On  the  30th 
of  July,  1815,  this  new  edifice  was  formally  opened,  the  pews 
sold,  and  the  thing  made  a  financial  success,  and  it  has  ever 
since  been  known  as  the  "McChord  Church."  When  he 
united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  '17,  the  congregation 
went  with  him,  although  he  had  never  been  installed.  He 
was  a  man  of  unquestioned  piety,  and  Dr.  MacDill,  who  often 
heard  him,  pronounced  him  "a  profound  theologian,  an  im- 
pressive speaker,  talented,  eloquent,  and  possessing  a  brilliant 
imagination,"  yet  his  success  was  but  limited  in  this  church, 
which  had  been  built  for  his  sake  rather  than  the  gospel's 
sake.  He  left  Lexington  in  the  autumn  of  '19  and  took 
charge  of  the  Bourbon  Academy  at  Paris,  Ky.,  where  he 
died  May  26,  1820,  from  fistula,  from  which  he  had  long  and 
greatly  suffered.     Publications :   A  Sermon  on  Divine  For- 


THE   MINISTRY.  439 

giveness,  1812;  A  Sermon  on  the  Signs  of  the  Times,  1813; 
The  Body  of  Christ,  8vo.,  1814;  A  Sermon  on  "National 
Safety,"  preached  before  the  Legislatnre  of  Kentucky,  18 15; 
His  Defence  before  the  General  Synod  in  181 7;  A  Volnme  of 
Sermons,  1818;  A  Volume  of  Posthumous  Discourses,  1822. 

McCLANAHAN,  Alexander  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  28,  1821,  near  W.  Union,  Adams  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1847  by  the  Pres.  of  Chilli- 
cothe,  and  ordained  in  '48  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Decatur, 
Brown  Co.,  O.,  i848-'55;  went  to  Illinois,  but  in  '57  was 
recalled  to  his  old  charge,  where  he  remained  until  he  died. 
In  '62  he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry  for  marrying  his 
deceased  wife's  sister;  he  appealed  to  Synod,  and  after  its 
confirming  the  sentence,  but  before  he  heard  the  decision,  he 
died  Oct.  29,  1862,  from  typhoid  fever. 
McCLANAHAN,  William  Steel: 

Was  born  Jan.  26,  1836,  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  Mar.  31,  '64,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  22,  '65,  by  First  Ohio;  was  S.  S.  for  a  year  at  Dayton, 
O. ;  pastor  of  Grandview  and  Harrison,  la.,  1867-Sept.  29, '70; 
of  Viola,  111.,  May  4,  1871-Jan.  19,  '87;  Homestead,  111.,  since 
Sept.,  1887. 
McCLELLAN,  David  Martin: 

Was  born  May  23,  1837,  in  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1861,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap,  12,  1864,  by  Argyle  Pres.,  and 
ordained,  sine  titulo^  Sept.  10,  '67,  by  Conemaugh;  was  pas- 
tor of  Homer  City,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  June  i,  1868-June  17, 
'73;  of  Kansas  City  Mo.,  since  Nov.  26,  1874. 

McClelland,  george  t.  : 

Was  born  in  1844  at  Pardoe,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1869,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Monmouth 
and  Princeton;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1872  by  Keokuk 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  5,  '74,  by  Lake;  pastor  of  Franklin, 
Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  May,  1874-May  2,  '76;  S.  S.  at  Garretts- 
ville,  N.  Y.,Kittanning,  Pa.,  and  Millersburg,  O. 


440  THE   MINISTRY. 

McCLELIvAND,  Hugh  R.  : 

Was  born  May  23,  1846,  at  Pardee,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1868,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  27,  '70,  by  Mercer;  pastor  of  Mt.  Jackson, 
Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  27,  1870-Sept.  14,  '85;  Sparta,  111., 
May  8,  1886- 

McCLENAHAN,  David  A. : 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1853,  ^^^^  Fairview,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  in  1876  at  Muskingum,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1880,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  20,  '81,  by  Mansfield;  pas- 
tor of  Avondale  and  Amity,  Cochecton  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  18,  1881- 
Sept.  19,  '82;  West  44th  St.,  New  York,  Nov.  13,  1882-Nov. 
20,  '85;  Prof,  of  Hebrew  in  the  Theo.  Sem.,  Allegheny,  Pa., 
since  1885. 

McCLENAHAN,  James  Urie*: 

Was  born  in  Aug.,  1836,  at  Fairview,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  1867,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  9,  '69,  by  Le  Claire;  was  pastor  at  Wyoming,  Jones 
Co.,  la.,  Sept.  1869-Oct.  15,  '72;  Davenport,  la,.  May, 
i873-'4;  Winterset  Jan.  2,  1875-Sept,  23,  ''^']\  Olathe,  Kan., 
June  12,  '78,  until  death  Oct.  12,  1879. 

McCIvENAHAN,  Robert  Stewart: 

Was  born  in  June,  1838,  in  Antrim,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1876,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Jan.  9,  '78,  by  Neosho;  pastor  of  Arkansas  City, 
Kan.,  from  ordination  till  1882;  Thornville  and  Rush  Creek, 
O.,  June  18,  1883-6;  Sycamore,  O.,  Ap.  26,  1887- 
McCLESTER,  Robert  Patterson: 

Was  born  at  New  Scottsville,  Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  May  8,  1878,  by  Brookville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  14,  '80,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Brownsdale  and 
Union,  Butler  Co.,  since  June  15,  1880. 


THE   MINSITRY.  441 

McCLINTOCK,  Joseph  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  18,  1810,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa,;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1837,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  June  21,  1843,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained,  sine  titulo^  Aug.  13,  '46,  by  Miami;  was  pastor  of 
Mountville  and  New  Castle,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1847- 
'56;  after  a  long  retirement  at  Worth,  Pa.,  he  went  to  Chase 
City,  Va.,  in  1875,  and  there  died  Mar.  7,  1879. 
McCLINTOCK,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1762  about  thirty  miles  from  the  city  of  Sligo, 
in  Ireland;  in  1784  he  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  taught  school 
for  several  years  at  Canon's  Mills,  now  Canonsburg,  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.  Here  he  prosecuted  his  classical  studies  in 
the  academy  which  preceded  Jefferson  College,  and  studied 
theology  for  six  winters  with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service.  He 
was  licensed  June  21,  1801,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Jan.  27,  '03,  by  the  same.  On  the  7th  of  Ap.,  '03,  he  ac- 
cepted a  call  to  Cool  Spring,  now  Mercer,  Pa.,  and  to  Scrub- 
grass,  now  East  Unity,  Venango  Co.,  and  to  Boiling  Spring, 
now  Hannony,  Butler  Co.,  and  was  installed  on  the  8th  of 
May.  On  the  2d  of  May,  '05,  he  resigned  Cool  Spring,  and 
retained  the  other  two  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  his 
residence  in  the  Harmony  congregation  on  the  loth  of  Mar., 
1832. 
McCLINTOCK,  William  James: 

Was  born  Mar.  27,  1853,  near  Harrisville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Allegheny  College,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in  1878; 
taught  four  years,  and  then  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Jan.  21,  1885,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  7,  '85,  by  Steubenville;  pastor  of  Calcutta,  Columbiana 
Co.,  O.,  since  ordination. 

McCLURE,  James  T.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  July  19,  1822,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Duquesne  College,  Pittsburgh,  in  1846,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1849, 
by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  8,  '50,  by  Steuben- 
ville; pastor  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  since  ordination;  delegate 
to  the  Pan-Presbyterian  Council  in  1877.  Publication: 
Science  and  the  Bible,  12  mo.,  1882. 
28 


442  THE   MINISTRY. 

McCLURE,  William  Sloan: 

Was  born  Sept,  4,  1853,  at  W.  Middletown,  Washiiig-ton 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1880, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  13,  '81,  by  Xenia;  pas- 
tor of  Sugar  Creek,  Greene  Co. ,  O. ,  since  ordination. 
McCONNELL,  Alexander  Archibald*: 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1863,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  27,  1865,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  6,  '66,  by  Second  New  York;  was 
pastor  of  Newark,  N.  J.,  i866-'9;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  died  in  the  pastorate  of  Crawford,  N.  J.,  Sept.  17, 

I87-3- 

McCONNELL,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1771  in  Ireland;  was  educated  in  literature 
and  theology  in  Scotland;  was  licensed  by  an  Asso.  Pres.  in 
Ireland,  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1797;  was  ordained  in  the 
spring  of  1799  by  the  First  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania; 
was  pastor  of  Big  Spring,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  1799-Nov. 
6,  1809;  commenced  labor  in  Deer  Creek  and  Puckety,  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  in  Ap.,  '11,  and  was  installed  on  the  4th  of  Sept. ; 
was  released  from  the  latter  Ap.  2,  ^23^  ^^^  from  the  former 
Jan.  15,  '45,  and  died  Mar.  3,  1848. 

McCONNELL,  John  Stark: 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1858,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1861,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained,  sme  titulo^  Sept.  4,  '62,  by  Cleveland; 
was  S.  S.  in  Cleveland,  O.,  1862-6;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  Lawrenceville,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

McCONNELL,  William  Alexander: 

Was  born  Jan.  11,  1830,  in  Mansfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  June  16,  1858,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  (A.  R.,)  and  or- 
dained June  15,  '59,  by  Mansfield  (United  Presbyterian); 
pastor  of  Amity  and  connections  June,  1859-Sept.,  '64;  of 
Mt.  Pleasant,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Oct.,  31,  1865. 
Publications:  Jacob  Wrestling,  a  Sermon,  1870;  Why  Are 
You  Not  a  Communicant?  a  tract,  United  Presbyterian  B. 
Pub.,  1880. 


THE   MINISTRY.  443 

McCONNELL,  William  Landis  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  19,  1829,  near  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  June  25,  1856,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Mar.  9,  '58,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Han- 
over, Beaver  Co.,  i858-'8;  of  Sewickley  and  West  Newton 
Dec.  25,  1860-' 5;  and  died  in  Allegheny  July  18,  1866,  from 
consumption. 

McCONNELL,  William  Thompson: 

Was  born  Ap.  13,  1847,  near  W.  Middletown,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1873,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  18,  '73,  by  Beaver  Valley;  pas- 
tor of  Mahoning  and  Poland  from  ordination;  resigned 
Poland  Ap.  11,  1882,  Mahoning  June  24,  '83;  Kirkwood  111., 
Ap.  24,  1884-  Publications:  The  Bible  in  the  Public  Shools, 
a  Sermon;  No  Night  There,  a  Sermon;  Addresses  at  Dr. 
Goodwillie's  Semi-Centennial  Celebration. 

McCORD,  Matthew  S.  : 

Was  born  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  Ap., 
1874,  by  First  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  29,  '74, 
by  Boston ;  pastor  in  Providence,  R.  I. ,  since  ordination. 

Mccormick,  George: 

Was  born  Nov.  24,  1847,  ^^  Spring  Run,  Franklin  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Amherst  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  ii,  1871,  by  Allegheny 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  22,  '72,  by  Butler;  was  pastor  of 
Butler,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1872-Ap.  22,  '73;  of  Salinas,  Cal.,  since 
Sept.  29,  1873. 

McCOY,  Albert  Gallatin,  Ph.  D.  : 

Was  born  May  7,  1849,  ^^  Calcutta,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  June  16,  1875,  hy  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept,  26,  '76,  by  Monongahela;  was  pastor  of  the  Seventh 
Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Sept.,  1876-Dec.  31,  '78;  editor  of  the  Chris- 
tian Instructor^  Chicago,  111.,  Jan.,  1879- Ap.  1882. 


444  THE   MINISTRY. 

McCOY,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1754  in  Ireland,  and  having  gone  through 
a  preparatory  course  and  ready  for  college,  the  family  in  1774 
came  to  the  Province  of  Pennsylvania.  His  father  soon  after- 
ward died,  and  the  altered  circumstances  of  the  family  dis- 
couraged him  from  further  preparation  for  the  ministry,  and 
he  settled  upon  a  farm  and  married.  He  subsequently  con- 
cluded to  go  on  with  his  studies,  and  entered  Dickinson  in 
1792,  and  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  John  Jamieson  of 
Westmoreland  Co.,  and  was  licensed  May  4,  1795,  by  the 
Second  Pennsylvania  Presbytery.  He  was  by  the  same  Pres. 
ordained  Oct.  29,  '95,  and  installed  over  Three  Ridges,  West 
Alexander,  Pa.,  and  Short  Creek,  in  Ohio  Co.,  West  Va. 
These  congregations  had  just  seceded  from  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  because  of  the  introduction  of  Watts'  Psalms  and 
Hymns. 

The  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  at  its  meeting  in  May,  1799,  in 
in  Greencastle,  Pa.,  adopted  its  "Constitution  and  Stan- 
dards," and  in  doing  so  modified  the  doctrine  of  the  West- 
minster Confession  of  Faith  "concerning  the  power  of  the 
civil  magistrate  in  matters  of  religion."  Against  this  modi- 
fication or  change  Mr.  McCoy  protesed,  and  on  the  29th 
of  June  declined  the  further  authority  and  jurisdiction  of  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Church.  On  the  nth  of  Nov.,  1800,  the  Rev. 
Robert  Warwick  pursued  the  same  course  and  for  the  same 
reason.  These  two  ministers,  with  two  ruling  elders,  met 
together  on  the  27th  of  Jan.,  1801,  in  the  town  of  Washing- 
ton, Pa.,  and  "did,  by  solemn  prayer,  constitute  themselves 
into  a  Presbytery,  under  the  denomination  of  The  Reformed 
Dissenting  Presbytery. ' ' 

His  two  congregations  adhered  to  him,  and  for  some  years 
he  gave  a  part  of  his  time  to  a  third  congregation  near  Farm- 
ington,  across  the  river,  in  Belmont  Co. ,  O.  On  account  of 
an  infirmity  that  made  it  difficult  for  him  to  ride  on  horse- 
back, he  resigned  his  charge  about  1820  and  moved  to  Pitts- 
burgh, and  preached  there  until  his  successor,  the  Rev.  John 
Pattison,  died  in  1825,  when  he  returned,  and  riding  to  his 
places  of  preaching  in  a  gig  (a  new  importation),  served  his 
two  original  congregations  for  seven  or  eight  years,  when  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  445 

infirmities  of  age  compelled  liim  to  give  them  over  to  a  suc- 
cessor, the  Rev.  William  Neil.  He  died  June  17,  1834,  from 
paralysis.  Publication:  The  Narrative  of  the  Reformed  Dis- 
senting- Presbytery. 

McCOY,  Elijah  (A.)*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  Alexander;  was  born  in  1808  in  Ohio 
Co.,  West  Va. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1837,  and 
studied  theology  with  his  pastor,  the  Rev.  William  Neil; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1840,  by  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  by  the  same,  in  the  autumn  of  the 
same  year.  He  accepted,  Sept.  13,  '41,  a  call  from  Eagle 
Greek,  Cherry  Fork,  Scioto,  Brush  Creek  and  Xenia,  and 
continued  to  preach  for  these  little  societies,  without  installa- 
tion, until  the  union  of  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Pres.  with 
the  Associate  Synod  in  1851.  He  did  not  unite  with  the 
Asso.  Synod  until  1853,  and  then  supplied  for  five  years  in 
various  places;  was  pastor  at  Trivoli,  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  1858- 
'66.  He  died  June  20,  1875,  at  Kirkwood,  111.  He  died  in 
church,  having  just  finished  serving  a  communion  table. 

McCOY,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.,  of  Springfield  in  June,  1845, 
from  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South;  passed  in  a  few 
months  to  the  Pres.,  of  Illinois,  and  in  1847  received  a  certi- 
ficate to  connect  elsewhere.  Died  Ap.  12,  1879,  in  Texas,  in 
the  Presbyterian  Ch. 

Mccracken,  clark  leal: 

Was  born  Jan.  28,  1848,  in  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Princeton  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap,  26,  1871,  by 
Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  28,  '73,  by  Boston;  pastor 
at  Thompsonville,  Conn.,  Oct.  28,  '73-Oct.  21,  '84;  Rock 
Valley,  la.,  since  July  13,  1887.  Publications:  An  Historical 
Sermon;  Memorial  of  Elijah  Churchill;  Index  to  Kitto's 
Bible  Illustrations. 

Mccracken,  John  Steele  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  Samuel  W. ;  was  born  Ap.  25,  1804,  near  Cin- 
cinnati, O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  U.,  in  1838,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1841, 


446  THE    MINISTRY. 

by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  sine  titulo^  Aug.  23,  '43, 
by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at  Kenton,  O.,  1843-6,  and  pastor 
until  1 85 1.  As  broken  health  would  allow,  he  taught  and 
supplied  neighboring  vacancies  during  the  remainder  of  his 
life.  He  died  in  Xenia,  April  i,  1863,  of  chronic  cystitis. 
Mccracken,  Robert: 

Was  born  in  1823  i^  Castlewellan,  county  Down,  Ireland; 
was  graduated  at  Queen's  College,  Belfast,  and  studied  the- 
ology with  Drs.  John  and  Andrew  Black,  of  Pittsburgh;  was 
licensed  in  1847,  and  ordained  in  May,  '48,  by  the  Presbytery 
of  Pittsburgh  of  the  Ref  Pres.  Church  (N.  S.);  was  installed 
in  May,  1848,  over  the  Covenanter  congregations  of  Austin- 
town,  O.,  and  Pleasant  Hill,  Pa.:  resigned  the  former  in  '51, 
and  the  latter  in  '58;  was  pastor  of  Walnut  Hill,  Marion  Co., 
111.,  1858-60;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  pas- 
tor of  Paxton,  111.,  1861-5,  where  he  still  lives,  although 
prevented  by  ill  health  from  preaching.  In  1876  he  trans- 
ferred his  membership  to  the  Congregational  Church. 

Mccracken,  Samuel  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1800  or  1801  near  Cincinnati,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Miami  in  1831,  and  studied  theology  privately,  with 
one  year  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1835,  by  First 
Ohio,  and  ordained,  sine  titnlo^  Ap.  20,  '36,  by  the  same; 
was  Prof,  of  Languages  in  Miami  University  1835-7,  ^^^  ^f 
Mathematics  1837-40,  and  during  much  of  this  time  S.  S., 
in  Oxford;  was  pastor  of  Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  O.,  from 
spring  of  1840  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Sept.,  10, 
1859,  from  acute  cystitis. 
McCREA,  James: 

Was  born  Oct.  21,  1818,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Madison  College  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Aug.  7,  i860,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  8,  '65,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Somerville  and 
Eden,  Ind.,  Aug.  20,  1868-April  17,  '73;  of  Salem,  Ind.,  June 
23,  1876-Ap.  12,  '79;  S.  S.  in  Wells  Co.,  Ind.,  i88o-'5;  pastor 
Blue  Hill  and  Superior,  Neb.,  Mar.  4,  1886-Sept.  20,  1887. 
McCREA,  Robert  T: 

Was  born  in  Black  Lick  township,  Indiana  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was 


THE    MINISTRY.  447 

graduated  at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  April  9,  1867,  by  Conemaugh  Pres. 
and  ordained  Nov.  9,  '69,  by  Mercer;  was  pastor  of  Lebanon 
and  Shenango,  Lawrence  Co.,  Nov.,  1869-Aug.,  '74;  of  At- 
lantic and  Cass  Centre,  Cass  Co.,  la.,  since  Oct.  6,  '76:  re- 
signed Atlantic  March  31,  '86. 
McCREADY,  Jonathan  Sharp  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  15,  1828,  at  New  Galilee,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburgh;  was  licensed  Oct.  i,  1855,  by  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  7,  '56,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  at  Cadiz,  O., 
from  his  ordination  until  his  death.  On  the  i4tli  of  Aug., 
1862,  he  entered  the  army  as  captain  of  volunteers,  and  after 
seeinsf  much  active  service  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  died  Sept.  7,  1864, 
in  the  house  of  Mr.  W.  K.  Carson,  in  Baltimore.  He  was  a 
man  of  excellent  abilities  as  well  as  of  noble  and  generous 
impulses. 

McCREADY,  Robert  J. : 

Brother  of  Jonathan,  S. ,  was  educated  at  Franklin,   and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  17,  1868,  by 
Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  28,  '71,  by  Nebraska;  pas- 
tor at  Pawnee  City,  Neb,  since  ordination. 
McCREERY,  William  H.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  17,  1839,  in  Ligonier  Valley,  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1870,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  19,  1872, 
by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Sept.  i, 
'74,  by  the  same;  went  to  Colorado  for  the  benefit  of  his  health, 
and  there  organized  the  congregation  of  Loveland  in  1875, 
and  supplied  it  until  June,  1880.  Superintendent  of  schools, 
Larimer  Co.,  Col.,  1883- 

McCRORY,  James  Thomas: 

Was  born  Aug.  26,  1846,  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  and  moved  to 
western  Illinois  in  '60;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1875, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1876, 
by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  12,  ''']']^  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  N.  Henderson,  111.,  April,  1877-June  10,  '80;  of 
the  Third  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  since  Aug.  8,  1880. 


448  THE   MINISTRY. 

McCRORY,  William  James: 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1853,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  April  13,  1880,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  10,  '81,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Adamsville, 
Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  188 1-' 2;  Gerlaw,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  Feb. 
10,  1883-Aug.  5,  '84;  Aledo,  111.,  Ap.  28,  1885-May,  '87. 

Mcculloch,  John  Scouller,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  5,  1829,  at  Big  Spring,  Cumberland  Co.. 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1857,  by  Big  Spring  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  23,  '59,  by  Bloomington;  was  pastor  in 
Peoria,  111.,  Aug.,  1859-Sept.,  '64;  was  Chaplain  of  77th  Illi- 
nois Volunteers  Ap.  5,  1864-July  28,  '65;  pastor  of  ii6th 
St.,  New  York,  Ap.  3,  1866-Aug.  i,  ''']'];  President  of  Knox- 
ville  College,  Tenn.,  since  Aug.,  1877.  Publication:  History 
of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  a  Synopsis,  published  by  tlie 
Board  of  Publication. 

McCULLOUGH,  Boyd: 

Was  born  in  1825  in  Rathfriland,  county  Down,  Ireland, 
and  brought  by  his  parents  in  1832  to  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa. 
The  family  belonged  to  the  old  school  Covenanters,  and  he 
was  educated  under  the  auspices  of  that  church.  He  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1852,  by  the  Lakes  Presbytery  (Ref.  Pres.), 
and  ordained  July  4,  '55,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Novi, 
Mich.,  i855-'7i;  spent  a  year  in  England,  Ireland  and  Scot- 
land among  the  Covenanter  societies.  After  returning  to  this 
country  and  itinerating  for  a  time  he  joined  the  United  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  in  Aug.,  '75,  and  was  S.  S.  at  Caledonia  and 
Pepin,  Wabasha  Co.,  Minn.,  1876-86. 

McCUNE,  William  C.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  about  1830;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny.  The 
Monongahalea  Pres.  declined  to  license  him  Ap.  12,  1854,  but 
he  was  licensed  on  the  25th  of  the  following  Dec.  by  the  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  by  the  same  Jan.  15, 
'56.  He  organized  a  mission  church  in  Cincinnati  and  labored 
there  as  missionary  and  pastor  until  July,  '67.     He  published 


THE   MINISTRY.  449 

a  work  upon  Church  Fellowship,  for  which  he  was  brought 
into  the  courts  of  the  church  in  '66,  and  the  case  having  been 
appealed  to  the  General  Assembly  of  '67,  it  was  there  de- 
cided that  he  was  guilty  of  "  holding  and  defending  serious 
and  fundamental  error  on  the  subject  of  church  fellowship." 
He  then  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  soon  after- 
ward organized  a  non-denominational  congregation  in  the 
suburbs  of  Cincinnati,  which  resulted  in  an  important  trial 
before  the  Presbytery  of  Cincinnati;  and  although  not  con- 
victedlof  positive  error,  it  became  the  cause  of  his  transferring 
his  ecclesiastical  relations  to  the  Congregational  Ch.,  in  which 
he  held  a  pastorate  in  Texas,  and  is  now  in  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  Southern  Kansas.  His  great  aim  was  the  abolition  of 
all  denominational  lines. 

McDHvL,  Andrew  Thomas: 

Was  born  July  2,  1837,  near  Biggsville,  Henderson  Co., 
111. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1867,  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '69,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Ross 
Grove,  111.,  Ap,,  i869-'7i;  was  President  of  Amity  College, 
la.,  for  five  years;  was  founder  and  editor  of  the  children's 
papers,  Olive  Plants^  Little  Preacher^  and  Young  Christian^ 
at  Chicago,  1876-Dec,,  '80;  assistant  editor  of  the  Christian 
Instructor'^  i88o-'5;  connected  with  the  newspaper  press  in 
California. 
MacDILL,  David,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  27,  1790,  in  S.  Carolina;  was  graduated  at 
Transylvania  University,  Ky.,  in  1813,  and  studied  theology 
four  years  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason ;  was  licensed  Aug. 
6,  181 7,  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and  ordained  Oct,  i,  '18,  by 
the  same;  was  pastor  of  Hamilton,  O.,  and  for  a  while  of 
Concord  also,  Oct.,  1818-June,  '47;  of  Sparta,  111.,  Ap,, 
i849-'56;  retired  to  Monmouth,  111.,  and  preached  occasionally 
in  vacancies  and  wrote  much  for  the  press.  He  was  long 
editor  of  the  Christian  Intelligencer  and  of  the  Evangelical 
Guardian;  was  connected  with  the  United  Presbyterian^ 
while  yet  a  monthly,  in  Cincinnati,  and  editor  of  the  Western 
United  Presbyterian  when  located  at  Monmouth.  He  wrote 
more  for  the  periodic   press  than  any  man  in  the  church  in 


450  THE   MINISTRY. 

his  day,  having  written  very  frequently  during  forty  years 
for  all  its  papers.  The  style  of  his  articles  was  always  clear, 
pointed  and  terse,  and  the  matter  seasonable  and  judicious. 
The  same  qualities  characterized  his  preaching,  while  his 
manner  was  quiet  and  subdued.  He  was  reverent  and  de- 
vout in  the  pulpit,  and  yet  frequently  indulged  in  sarcasm, 
of  which  he  was  a  thorough  master.  He  died  June  15,  1870, 
in  Monmouth. 

MacDILL,  David,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  26,  1826,  in  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Centre  College,  Ky.,  in  1849,  ^^^^  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1852,  by  First  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '53,  by  Chillicothe;  was  pastor 
at  Cherry  Fork,  O. ,  Sept.,  1853-June  i,  '76,  and  pastor  of 
Henderson,  111.,  March  3,  1877-July  i,  '84;  was  Professor  of 
Philosophy  in  Monmouth  College  Sept.  i,  i876-'85;  Professor 
in  Theo.  Sem.,  in  Xenia,  since  Sept.,  1885.  Publications: 
Life  of  Judge  Morrison,  i8mo.,  1863;  Secret  Societies,  i8mo., 
1866;  The  Bible  a  Miracle,  8vo.,  1872;  The  Higher  Critics, 
pp.  173,  1881. 

McDILL,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1806  in  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1829,  ^^^  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  Alex. 
Porter;  was  licensed  in  Dec,  1832,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  22,  '35,  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  near  S.  Han- 
over, Ind.,  June,  1835-May,  '38,  and  died  July  27,  1840,  from 
consumption. 

McDILL,  Nathan  Caldwell,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Hopewell,  Preble  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Centre  College,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1848,  and  studied  theology 
at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  May,  1 851,  by  First  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  23,  '52,  by  Indiana;  was  at  ordination  in- 
stalled pastor  of  Richland  and  Milroy,  Rush  Co.,  Ind;  in 
'59  he  resigned  the  latter  and  still  retains  the  former.  Pub- 
lications: Charge  to  Drs.  Carson,  McMichael  and  Moorehead 
at  their  inauguration  at  Xenia  in  1873;  Coming  to  Jesus,  a 
tract,  by  the  Board  of  Publication,  1880. 


THE   MINISTRY.  45I 

McDILL,  Samuel  Hampton: 

Son  of  Dr.  Nathan  C. ;  was  born  Feb.  20,  i860,  at  Rich- 
land, Ind. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1884,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1886,  by  Indiana 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  8,  '87,  by  Northern  Indiana;  pastor 
of  Salem,  Boone  Co.,  Ind.,  since  ordination. 

McDonald,  David  Rentoul: 

Was  born  July  10,  1856,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1881;  Prof,  one  year  in  Grove  City 
College,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1885,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  6,  '85,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Tarentum,  Pa.,  since  or- 
dination. 

Mcdonald,  George  White: 

Was  born  Oct.  31,  1851,  at  Pitmiddle,  Perthshire,  Scot- 
land; was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  27,  1879,  ^7  ^^^^ 
Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  6,  '80,  by  the  same,  and 
installed  pastor  of  Seventh  Ch. ,  iVllegheny. 
Mcdonald,  H.  Anderson: 

Was  born  Oct.  29,  1839,  in  Bloomfield,  Muskingum  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1866,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Dec.  29,  1868,  by  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  14,  '69,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of 
Chartiers  Cross  Roads  Oct.,  1869-Oct.  15,  '72;  Cleveland,  O., 
Dec.  3,  1872-Aug.  30,  '75;  Morning  Sun,  O.,  June  19,  1877- 
Ap.  23,  '78;  of  North  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  June  11,  1878-Oct. 
II,  '81;  of  York,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  i,  i88i-Dec.,  '85;  Oxford,  O., 
Jan.  5,  1886- 

McDOWELL,  John  Quincy  Adams: 

Was  born  Nov.  20,  1853,  i^^  Worth  Township,  Mercer  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1878,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1881,  by  Allegheny 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  13,  '82,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of 
North  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Feb.  13,  1882-Nov.  28,  '84; 
2d  New  Castle,  Pa.,  since  May  5,  1886. 

Mcdowell,  Nathaniel  (A.): 

Was   born  July  29,   1821,  in  Washington   Co.,   Pa.;   was 


452  THE   MINISTRY, 

graduated  at  Washington  in  1843,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  9,  1846,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  sine  titulo^  July  13,  '47,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Bethel,  Smith  Creek  and  N.  Henderson,  111.,  1849-54;  Craw- 
fordsville,  la.,  i854-'65;  has  retired  to  Indianola,  la. 

Mcdowell,  oswell  gifford: 

Was  born  in  Mercer  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westmin- 
ster in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Jan.  I,  1884,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  May,  '85,  by 
Wheeling;  pastor  at  Harrisville,  O.,  May,  1885-Oct.  6,  '86; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  New  Bethlehem, 
Clarion  Co.,  Pa. 

McEACHRON,  George  Mairs  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  3,  1826,  in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  June  30,  1851,  by  Washington  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Jan,  II,  '53,  by  New  York;  was  pastor  at  Mongaup,  Sulli- 
van Co.,  N.  Y.,  i853-'8;  joined  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.  and  was 
pastor  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  1 858-' 66;  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.  and  was  pastor  of  a  church  in  New  York  city  for  a 
few  years,  and  remained  without  a  charge  until  his  death  in 
July,  1884. 
McEACHRON,  Willard  Scouller: 

Was  born  Mar.  17,  1854,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  in  1878  at  Princeton,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton;  was  licensed  May  3,  1881,  by  Argyle  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  27,  '81,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Hebron,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

McELHENNY,  George: 

Was  born  Mar.  27,  1810,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Darlington  Academy,  and  studied  theology  privately;  was 

licensed by  the  Free  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Mahoning, 

and  ordained  Sept.  30,  '50;  was  S.  S.  in  different  Free  Pres- 
byterian Churches;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  about 
1870;  supplied  for  a  time,  and  is  retired  at  Darlington,  Pa. 

McELHENNY,  William  G.  (A.)*: 

Was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1850,  by  Shenango  Pres., 


THE    MINISTRY.  453 

and  ordained  May  10,  '55,  by  New  York;  was  pastor  in  Ho- 

boken,  N.  J.,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  May  20, 

i860. 

McELREE,  Edward  Newton: 

Was  born  June  6,  1838,  in  Harrisville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  7,  1862,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  16,  '63,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Freeport,  Pa., 
1863-Ap.,  '74;  at  Irwin,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Oct.  19,  1875- 
Ap.  8,  '79;  at  Neshannock  and  Oak  Grove,  Lawrence  Co., 
June  24,  1879-Feb.  6,  '85;  Beaver  Falls,  Ap.  14,  1886- 
McELREE,  JohnC.*: 

Was  born  Aug.  12,  1835,  in  Harrisville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1865,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  1867,  by  Butler  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  5,  '69,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  East  Unity 
and  Clinton ville,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination  till  Sept. 
22,  '85;  Grove  City,  Pa.,  Nov.  18,  1885,  until  death,  Ap.  5, 
1886. 
Mcelroy,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  near  Newville,  Pa.,  Dec.  29,  1792;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1812,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  under 
Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  June  19,  1816,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  6,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  the  First 
Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  of  Pittsburgh,  Nov.,  i8i6-Jan.  14,  '24;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  was  pastor  of  the  Scotch  Ch. ,  New 
York  city,  May,  1824,  until  his  death,  Sept.  16,  1876. 
McELWEE,  William  (A.  R.): 

Was  educated  at  Princeton,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Sept.  25,  1857,  ^Y  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  10,  '58,  by  Big  Spring;  was  installed  at 
Gettysburg  and  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  Nov.,  '58;  resigned  the 
latter  Sept.  11,  '61,  and  the  former  Ap.  10,  '63;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  pastor  in  Philadelphia  for  a  few  years, 
and  is  at  Bowling  Green,  O.,  but  not  in  the  ministry. 

McELWEE,  William  Meek,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  i,  1802,  in  York  Co.,  S.  C. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  College  of  South  Carolina  in  1820,  and  studied  theol- 


454  THE   MINISTRY. 

ogy  with  the  Rev.  J.  Miishat  for  a  year  and  finished  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  Aug,  3,  1825,  ^Y  ^^^^  Pres.  of  the 
Carolinas;  was  ordained  Ap.  5,  '27,  by  the  same;  was  pastor 
of  Tirzah  and  Sharon,  York  Co.,  S.  C,  Ap.,  1827-Oct.,  '32; 
took  charge  of  King's  Creek  (now  Frankfort),  and  Service, 
in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  in  Mar.,  '33;  resigned  the  latter  in  July, 
'51,  and  continued  to  serve  the  former  until  July,  '78, 
when  he  retired  from  active  labor  after  a  pastoral  service 
of  fifty-three  years,  and  died  June  i,  1886,  at  Frankford 
Springs,  Pa.  Publications:  Two  Sermons  in  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pulpit,  Vol.  IV. ;  The  Memoirs  of  Drs.  J.  Ramsey,  A.  Ander- 
son and  T.  Beveridge,  and  a  large  number  of  articles  in  the 
Evangelical  Repository. 

McEWEN,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1801  in  Crieff,  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  aca- 
demically educated  in  Philadelphia,  and  studied  theology  at 
Princeton;  was  ordained,  sijie  titulo.^  Ap.  24,  '34,  by  Phila- 
delphia (Presbyterian).  In  1834  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of 
New  York  resolved  to  engage  in  the  work  of  Foreign  Mis- 
sions, but  not  feeling  able  to  maintain  a  station  alone  it  was 
agreed  to  cooperate  for  the  present  with  "The  Western  For- 
eign Missionary  Society,"  a  local  society  of  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  with  headquarters  at  Pittsburgh.  The  Synod  was  to 
select  the  missionary  and  support  him  as  far  as  possible,  and 
the  Society  to  supplement.  Mr.  McEwen  joined  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  was  chosen  as  the  missionary. 
He  and  his  wife  sailed  on  the  i6th  of  Nov.,  1835,  in  company 
with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Campbell,  of  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Ch. 
(N.  S.),  and  Messrs.  Winslow  and  Dwight,  of  the  Ceylon 
Mission.  This  missionary  band  commenced  their  work  im- 
mediately at  sea  by  keeping  up  daily  religious  service,  which 
resulted  in  such  a  revival  of  religion  that  there  were  but  few 
sailors  aboard  the  ship  who  remained  unconverted  when  they 
arrived  at  Calcutta.  Mr,  McEwen  located  at  Allahabad,  and 
met  with  immediate  success  in  the  gathering  of  a  school  and 
the  early  organization  of  a  church  of  thirteen  members  from 
among  those  who  were  employed  by  the  Government  and 
could  speak  the  English  language.  The  climate  was  not 
suited  to  his  constitution,  and  he  was  able  to  remain  only  a 


THE   MINISTRY.  455 

little  over  a  year,  when  his  health  failed  so  completely  that 
it  was  with  great  difficulty  he  could  get  out  of  the  country. 
He  arrived  home  in  1838,  resigned  his  appointment,  spent  a 
year  in  Scotland  recuperating,  and  then  joined  the  Presbyte- 
rian Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  until  his  death, 
Mar.  II,  1845,  from  consumption. 
McFARLAND,  A.  Boyd  C.  : 

Was  born  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth 
in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
13,  1878,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  10,  '78,  by 
Butler;  pastor  of  Fairview,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

McFARLAND,  Henry  Cowan  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  4,  1823,  ^^  Shirland,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  26,  1851,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  12,  '53,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Mifflin,  Allegheny  Co.,  Ap.,  1853-Nov.  3,  '57;  installed  over 
East  Liberty  and  Hebron  June  22,  '58;  released  from  the  latter 
June  28,  '64,  and  from  the  former  Ap.  11,  '65;  was  for  a  few 
years  S.  S.  at  Verona.  Now  without  charge  at  Pittsburgh 
because  of  infirm  health. 
McFARLAND,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  graduated  at  Transylvania  LTniversity,  Lexington,  Ky., 
in  1808,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  with  Dr.  Mason; 
was  licensed  Aug.  23,  181 2,  by  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky,  and 
ordained  June  28,  '14,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Chillicothe, 
O.,  June,  1814-Ap.  10,  '18.  When  the  Synod  of  Scioto  left 
the  General  Synod  and  organized  as  the  Synod  of  the  West, 
he  declined  the  new  organization,  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  1820,  and  was  pastor  at  Paris,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky., 
June  13,  '20,  until  his  death,  July  28,  1828. 
McFARLAND,  James  Wilson  (A.): 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  H. ;  was  born  at  New 
Athens,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  2,  1854,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  24,  '57,  by  Richland;  was 
pastor  of  Wooster,  O.,  1857-62;  was  chaplain  all  through  the 
civil  war;  S.   S.   at  Jefferson,   Allegheny  Co.,  1866-8;  Irwin 


456  THE    MINISTRY. 

Station  and  Bethel,  Westmoreland  Co.,  1869-71;  Is  now  in 

California  without  charge. 

McFARLAND,  William  Henderson,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  June  14,  1832,  near  New  Athens,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  in  June,  1857,  ^7  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Jan.  7,  '60,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Cambridge,  O., 
since  ordination;  was  chaplain  of  the  97th  Ohio  volunteers 
for  three  years  during  the  civil  war,  and  was  in  twenty-eight 
battles.     Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884. 

McGAW,  James  Alexander  Porter,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Fairhaven,  Preble  county,  O.,  Feb.  4,  1835. 
The  next  autumn  his  parents  moved  to  Oquawka,  111.,  where 
they  died,  and  he  was  reared  by  his  uncle,  Daniel  M.  Gor- 
don. He  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1856,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1857,  by  First  Ohio, 
and  ordained  Aug.  3,  '58,  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  of  Illi- 
nois; was  pastor  at  S.  Henderson,  111.,  Aug.,  1858-Feb.,  '67; 
was  Prof,  of  English  Literature  in  Monmouth  College  1867- 
'8;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Urbana, 
Ohio,  and  in  Rock  Island,  111. ,  and  is  now  at  Toledo,  O. 

McGEE,  Levi: 

Was  ordained  Aug.  18,  1874,  by  the  Wesleyan  Methodist 
Church;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  1883,  sup- 
plied Austin,  etc.,  Mich.,  i883-'5;  pastor  of  Chikaskia,  Kan., 
Nov.  19,  1885-Sept.  28,  '86. 

McGIBBON,  Andrew  W.  : 

Was  born  March  30,  1838,  in  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1864,  and  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1865,  by  Mon- 
mouth Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  25,  '66,  by  Bloomington; 
was  pastor  of  Berlin,  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  Ap.,  1866-Sept., 
'68;  at  New  Kingston,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1870-Dec. 
25,  '83;  joined  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.,  and  in  1886,  the  Presby- 
terian; is  at  Wappinger's  Falls,  N.  Y. 

McGILL,  Alexander  Taggart,  D.  D.  LL.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  at  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  Feb.  24,  1807;  was  gradu- 
ated   at  Jefferson   in   1826,   and  remained   as  tutor  for  two 


THE   MINISTRY.  457 

years;  studied  law  at  Milledgeville,  Ga,,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  Georgia,  in  1830;  in  1831  commenced  the  study 
of  theology  at  Canonsburg,  and  was  licensed  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.,  of  Philadelphia  June  24,  '34;  was  ordained  by  the 
same  Sept.  29,  '35,  as  pastor  of  Carlisle  and  Unity;  resigned 
Nov.  2,  '37;  in  Oct.,  '38,  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
was  pastor  of  the  Second  Pres.  Ch.,  of  Carlisle  i838-'42; 
Prof  in  the  Presbyterian  Theo.  Sem.,  in  Allegheny,  Pa., 
i842-'52;  transferred  to  the  Theo.  Sem.  at  Columbia,  S.  C, 
1852;  returned  to  Allegheny  1853,  ^^^  was  transferred  to  the 
Theo.  Sem.  at  Princeton,  N.  J.,  in  1854,  where  he  still  re- 
mains. Publications:  Numerous  Special  Sermons  and  Ad- 
dresses, and  newspaper  and  magazine  articles. 

McGILIv,  David  Frazier: 

Was  born  March  22,  1857,  at  West  Alexander,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1881,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  12,  1883,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  21,  '85,  by  Allegheny;  pastor 
of  6th  Church,  Allegheny,  since  ordination. 

McGILL,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  most  probably  reared  in  eastern  Pennsylvania;  was 
graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1794,  and  studied  theology  pri- 
vately; was  licensed  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
joined  the  Second  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas  as  a  probationer 
Ap.  8,  1801,  and  was  by  it  ordained  in  May,  1802;  was  pas- 
tor of  Little  River  and  Rocky  Springs,  in  Abbeville  District, 
S.  C,  May,  i8o2-'7.  He  was  suspended  in  1806  for  "cer- 
tain misdemeanors,"  that  is,  domestic  difficulties,  but  Synod 
sustained  his  appeal  and  restored  him.  He  was  a  weak  man, 
neither  apt  to  teach  nor  useful  as  a  pastor,  yet  excepting  his 
domestic  difficulties  his  character  was  never  tarnished.  He 
probably  labored  under  partial  derangement,  which  resulted 
in  his  separation  from  his  wife  and  his  leaving  the  ministry. 
In  1807  he  went  west,  settled  in  Ohio,  lived  as  a  recluse,  and 
died  about  1830  unknown  to  the  world  around  him. 
McGILL,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  181 2  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  West- 
ern University  in  1832,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
29 


458  THE    MINISTRY. 

was  licensed  July  20,  1836,  by  Shenango  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  Sept.,  '38,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  in  Cambridge,  O., 
1838-47;  in  Cleveland,  O.,  i849-'6i;  of  Stamford,  Canada 
West,  1863-73;  of  Croswell,  Sanilac  Co.,  Mich.,  from  1873 
until  his  death,  Aug.  8,  1887.  Publications:  iVn  iVddress 
before  the  Students  of  Muskingum  College,  1842;  An  Ad- 
dress before  the  Literary  Societies  of  Franklin  College,  1843; 
A  Sermon  on  Benevolence  before  the  St.  Andrew's  Society,  of 
Cleveland,  1851;  An  Efficient  Ministry,  an  address  before  the 
Xenia  Theological  Seminary,  1857. 

McGIIvL,  John  A.  (A.): 

Was  born  near  McAlevy's  Fort,  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa. ;  was 
educated  at  Jefferson  and  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  30,  1850,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  7,  '51,  by  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  Four  Mile, 
Beaver  Co.,  1851-Nov.,  '53;  was  six  years  Principal  of  Beaver 
Academ}',  during  five  of  which  he  was  S.  S.  for  the  Beaver 
congregation,  which  he  had  organized;  pastor  of  Eleventh  St., 
New  York,  May  28,  1861-March  30,  '64;  of  Tuscarora  and 
Concord,  Pa.,  Ap.  26,  1865-Sept.  29,  '85,  removed  to  Dalton, 
Ga.,  on  account  of  climate. 
MacHATTON,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  12,  1817,  in  Scott  Co.,  Ky;  was  graduated  at 
South  Hanover  in  1842,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  June  30,  1846,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
Sept.,  '60,  by  Northern  Indiana;  pastor  of  La  Porte,  Ind., 
Sept,  1850-Aug.,  '53;  pastor  of  Morea,  Crawford  Co.,  111., 
July,  1861-April  4,  ''^•]\  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  April, 
'79,  and  died  in  Morea,  Aug.  7,  1884. 

MacHATTON,  Hugh  (A.): 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Alex, ;  was  born  January  19,  1825,  i^ 
Greene  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  South  Hanover,  Ind. ,  in 
1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in 
1855  by  the  Pres.  of  Miami,  and  ordained  by  the  same  in  '58 
sine  titnlo;  spent  a  number  of  years  in  the  missionary  field  of 
111.  and  Minn. ;  was  pastor  of  Massie's  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O., 
autumn  of  1867-Ap.  2;  '72;  pastor  of  West  Bethel,  Crawford 
Co.,  111.,  since  Sept.  17,  1874. 


THE    MINISTRY,  459 

MacHATTON,  Joseph  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  Alex. ;  was  born  in  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradn- 
ated  at  South  Hanover  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford ;  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1854,  by  the  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  6,  '55,  by  Sidney;  was  pastor  of  Bellefontaine,  O.,  Nov., 
1855-Ap.,  '59;  of  Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  O.,  June  4,  1861- 
Ap.,  7,  '75;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  has  charge  of  a 
congregation  at  Bloom,  111. 
McHENRY,  David  Smith  (A.): 

Was  born  July  28,  1823,  i^  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  13,  1849,  ^Y  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine 
tihdo^  Nov.  10,  '50,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  Com- 
merce and  Nankin,  Mich.,  May,  i852-Jan.,'57;  of  York  and 
Covington,  N.  Y.,  May,  1858-Nov.  15,  '64;  he  had  been 
sent  by  his  Presbytery  to  serve  for  a  season  under  the  Chris- 
tian Commission  in  the  army  on  the  James  River,  and  con- 
tracted a  low  malarial  fever  which  disqualified  him  for  pas- 
toral labors;  was  pastor  of  Lansingville,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  1867-Oct. ;  '75,  when  broken  health  induced  him  to  go  to 
Santa  Ana,  Cal.,  where  he  organized  a  church  and  took  charge 
of  it  for  two  years;  was  S.  S.  at  Roseville,  Placer  Co.,  Cal., 
for  a  time;  and  then  retired  to  Santa  Ana. 

McILFATRICK,  John  (A.): 

Was  received  in  Oct.,  1855,  by  the  Albany  Pres.  as  a  licen- 
tiate from  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Canada;  was  ordained,  ^z;/^ 
titulo^  Sept.  2,  '56,  by  Ohio  Pres.,  and  declined  to  enter  the 
union  of  1858. 
McINNIS,  T.  G.  (A.  R.): 

Was  educated  and  ordained  in  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  sup- 
plied the  pulpit  of  the  Thirteenth  Street  Asso.  Ref.  congre- 
gation, Philadelphia,  during  the  winter  of  1821-2;  joined  the 
Pres.  of  Philadelphia  (A.  R.)  in  Ap.,  1822;  went  with  his 
congregation  and  Presbytery  into  the  union  of  May,  1822,  and 
died  in  that  relation  Aug.  26,  1824. 
McJIMSEY,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  18,  1772,  near  Gettysburg,  Adams  Co.,  Pa. ; 
made  a  profession  of  religion  when  only  fifteen  years  old;  was 


460  THE   MINISTRY. 

graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1792,  and  studied  theology  under 
the  direction  of  his  pastor,  the  Rev.  Alex.  Dobbin,  and  also 
of  the  Rev.  John  Smith,  of  Octoraro;  was  licensed  in  May, 
1794,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania.  He  spent  the  fol- 
lowing autumn  and  winter  in  Kentucky,  and  the  summer  of 
1795  in  the  State  of  New  York,  where  he  was  solicited  to 
settle,  but  declined,  as  he  had  resolved  to  make  Kentucky 
the  field  of  his  labor,  to  which  he  also  had  a  call.  In  passing 
through  New  York  city,  on  his  return  to  the  West,  he  was 
attacked  by  yellow  fever  and  brought  to  the  very  brink  of  the 
grave.  Having  been  carefully  nursed  in  the  family  of  Dr.  J. 
M.  Mason,  the  well-known  Mrs.  Isabella  Graham  kindly  said 
to  him  on  parting:  "I  wish  you  all  prosperity,  and  affliction^ 
too^  when  necessary."  He  was  ordained  Dec.  24,  1795,  by 
the  Presbytery  that  had  licensed  him.  It  was  now  too  late 
in  the  season  to  cross  the  mountains,  and  the  Pres.  revoked 
his  appointment  and  sent  him  to  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  soon  received  a  unanimous  call,  and  was  installed  Dec.  22, 
1796,  as  pastor  of  Neelytown.  In  1802  he  organized  Gra- 
ham's Ch.,  ten  miles  distant,  out  of  a  wing  of  his  congrega- 
tion, and  served  the  two  on  alternate  Sabbaths.  He  resigned 
Oct,  18,  1809,  and  was  installed  July  13,  '10,  as  pastor  of  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  and  so  remained  till  Oct.  7, 
'13.  He  opened  a  classical  school  in  Albany  for  two  years; 
was  Principal  of  the  Academy  in  Poughkeepsie  i8i5-'i9; 
Nov.,  1819,  he  took  charge  of  the  Academy  of  Montgomery, 
Orange  Co.,  and  at  the  same  time  became  S.  S.  to  his  old 
congregations  of  Neelytown  and  Graham's  Ch.  In  the  spring 
of  '32  he  gave  up  his  connection  with  the  Academy  and  with 
Neelytown  and  was  installed  as  pastor  of  Graham's  Ch.,  where 
he  remained  until  his  death.  He  died  in  the  harness,  for  he 
preached  regularly  and  performed  pastoral  labors  to  the  last. 
He  kept  up  his  habits  of  study,  and  wrote  carefully  and  mem- 
orized his  sermons  when  eighty  years  of  age.  He  had  a  great 
grief  during  a  large  part  of  his  life,  for  his  wife  had  been  de- 
prived of  her  reason  for  very  many  years,  although  she  recov- 
ered it  a  short  time  before  she  died,  at  the  age  of  seventy- 
seven;  and  one  of  his  sons,  educated  for  the  ministry, 
inherited  his  mother's  infirmity.     He  went  to  Newburgh  to 


THE   MINISTRY.  46 1 

attend  a  meeting  of  the  Presbytery-  and  was  taken  with  a  vio- 
lent attack  of  cholera  morbus,  which  terminated  his  life  Aug. 
26,  1854,  after  he  had  preached  the  gospel  for  sixty  years. 
He  possessed  a  good  mind,  well  stored  and  finely  cultured. 
His  sermons  were  always  interesting  because  of  the  richness 
of  their  matter,  the  chasteness  of  their  style  and  the  earnest- 
ness of  their  delivery.  His  manners  were  plain  and  simple, 
and  at  the  same  time  dignified,  even  courtly.  His  whole  life 
was  one  of  great  consistency,  purity  and  Christian  elevation. 
Publications:  He  published  sermons  under  the  titles:  The 
Christian's  Hope  of  Immortality;  Sin  and  Death,  or  Grace 
and  Life;  The  World  no  Equivalent  for  the  Loss  of  the  Soul; 
The  Christian's  Privilege  and  Duty;  also  a  sermon  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  his  wife. 
McKAY,  Daniel  Graham: 

Was  born  July  12,  1847,  ^^  Pardoe,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  '74,  by  First  New  York  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  15,  '76,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  at  Franklin- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  May,  '76-Sep.,  '87;  E.  Salem,  N.  Y.,  since  Oct., 
1887. 
McKEE,  Edward: 

Was  born  Ap.  14,  1843,  i^  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at 
Princeton  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1874,  by  Del- 
aware Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  12,  '''j']^  by  Chillicothe;  pastor 
of  Unity,  in  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  12,  1877-Dec.  8,  '85;  Marissa, 
111.,  Dec.  31,  1885- 
McKEE,  James  A.  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  1828,  at  West  Alexander,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1849,  and  studied  the- 
ology- at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  5,  1852,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '54,  by  Northern  Illinois;  was 
pastor  of  Wheatland,  Will  Co.,  111.,  1854-Ap.,  '59;  pastor  of 
Wheeling,  Washington  Co.,  Pa,,  Aug.  9,  1860-Sept.  13,  '87. 
McKEE,  James  P. : 

Brother  of  Joseph  G. ;  was  born  June  27,  1843,  ^le^i"  Hills- 
borough, county  Down,  Ireland;  united  with  the  church  when 
fourteen  years  old,  and  came  to  Mercer  Co.,  U.  S.,  in  1861; 


462  THE    MINISTRY. 

was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  15,  1870,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and 
ordained  to  the  foreign  missionary  work  Sept.  20,  '70,  by  the 
same;  sailed  on  the  5th  of  the  following  Nov.,  and  has  labored 
principally  at  Gujranwala,  Northern  India. 
McKEE,  John  Shields: 

Was  born  June  22,  1850,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  three 
years  at  Allegheny  and  one  year  in  the  Free  Church  College, 
Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  June  24,  1873,  by  Monon- 
gahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '75,  by  Butler;  pastor  at 
East  Brady  Oct.,  i875-'8o;  ist  Mercer  Jan.  18,  i88i-Aug.  26, 
'84;  Butler,  Pa.,  Jan.  20,  1885- 

McKEE,  Joseph  (A.): 

Was  born  Nov.  27,  1811,  near  Mt.  Pleasant,  Jefferson  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1832,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1836,  by  Musk- 
ingum Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Sept.,  '37,  by  the  same;  was 
installed  pastor  of  Wooster  and  Dalton,  O.,  Sept.,  ^T^y^  and 
released  from  the  latter  in  '41,  and  from  the  former  in  '49; 
was  appointed  by  Synod  to  go  with  James  P.  Miller  as  mis- 
sionaries to  Oregon,  but  the  funds  proving  insufficient  for 
both,  he  declined;  was  pastor  of  West  Hebron,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Mar.  20,  1851-July  i,  '57;  S.  S.  at  Duncannon, 
Tuscarora  and  Concord,  Pa.,  1857-Ap.,  '64;  pastor  of  Ne- 
braska City  and  connections,  Otoe  Co.,  Neb.,  1869-Ap.  26, 
'72:  his  health  having  failed  he  moved  to  California,  and 
sinee  Aug.,  1878,  has  been  a  teacher  in  the  Chinese  Mission 
School  at  Los  Angeles. 

McKEE,  Joseph  G.*: 

Was  born  in  1832  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Westmin- 
ster in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap. 
2,  1862,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  9,  '63,  by  Mercer. 
On  the  13th  of  Oct.,  '63,  in  connection  with  the  Rev.  M.  M. 
Brown  and  several  teachers,  he  inaugurated  a  mission  to  the 
Freedmen  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  under  the  care  of  the  Presby- 
teries of  Chillicothe,  Xenia  and  First  Ohio.  This  station 
came  under  the  care  of  the  Freedmen' s  Board,  and  Mr.  Mc- 


THE   MINISTRY.  463 

Kee  continued  to  be  its  Superintendent  until  his  death,  Sept. 
25,  1868.  The  Board  announced  his  death  to  the  General 
Assembly  in  the  following  terms:  "The  members  of  the 
Board  unanimously  testify  to  his  great  purity  as  a  Christian 
and  his  eminent  usefulness  as  a  laborer  in  this  part  of  Christ's 
vineyard.  Indeed,  we  have  never  seen  him  surpassed  as  an 
efficient  worker,  while  his  power  to  plan  and  see  his  way  out 
of  embarrassing  difficulties  was  extraordinary." 

McKEE,  Samuel  Ewing  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Sept.  26,  1826,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  P.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1856,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained May  13,  '57,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  at  Le  Claire  Prairie 
and  Port  Byron,  la.,  1857-Ap.,  59;  was  tutor  in  Jefferson  Col- 
lege i85i-'3;  has  devoted  his  time  principally  to  teaching, 
and  is  now  so  engaged  in  Washington,  Iowa. 

McKEE,  Samuel  Irwin*: 

Was  born  in  1839  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1866,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  29,  '68,  by  Delaware;  was  pastor  of  Burlington,  Otsego 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  i868-Ap.  26,  '70;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  died  in  Washington,  Pa.,  Aug.  17,  1885. 
McKEE,  Thomas  Boston: 

Was  born  in  Wooster,  Wayne  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  5,  1844;  was 
graduated  at  the  Ohio  Central  College  in  1871,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1873, 
by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  21,  '75,  by  Southern 
Illinois;  was  pastor  at  Jordan's  Grove,  111.,  Sept.,  1875-Aug. 
22,  '76;  at  DeKalb,  Crawford  Co.,  O.,  June  22,  1879-Sept., 
'80;  at  Summerset,  la.,  June  20,   i88i-Jan.  '87. 

McKEE,  William  Henry: 

Was  born  in  1850  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  educated 
at  Rutgers  College,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  city; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1871,  by  the  Baptist  Association  of  New 
York  city,  and  ordained  June  17,  '74,  by  the  Bap.  Asso.,  of 
Oswego,  N.  Y. ;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was 
pastor  at  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  Oct.  17,  1878-May,  13,  '79;  passed 


464  THE   MINISTRY. 

Aug.  2,  '81,  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  suspended  by 
its  Des  Moines  Presbytery  in  1887,  for  contumacy. 
McKEE,  William  Raltson: 

Brother  of  James  A.,  was  bom  Sept.  13,  1832,  in  Ohio  Co., 
West  Va. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1859,  by  Wheeling 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  4,  '60,  by  Argyle;  was  pastor  at 
West  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1860-Sept,, 
'67;  pastor  of  Robinson,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  since  Oct. 
18,  '69.  Publication:  Historical  Sketch  of  Robinson  Congre- 
gation, 1875;  The  Duty  of  Church  Members  to  Support  the 
Church,  1878. 
McKELVEY,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Sept.  15,  1836,  in  Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  May,  1866,  by  Mercer  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  20,  '67,  by  Kansas;  was  missionary  to 
China  i868-'7o;  was  located  in  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  under 
the  care  of  the  Board  of  Freedmen's  Mission  for  three  and 
a  half  years,  and  pastor  of  Fairview,  Mitchel  Co.,  Kan.,  June 
14,  1878-June  26,  '81;  Idana,  Kan.,  Feb.  25,  1882-Jan.  i, 
'83;  Oakland  and  Kings  Creek,  W.  Va.,  Feb.4,  1885, -re sign- 
ing Oakland  Ap.  12,  '87. 
McKELVEY,  Theodore  Cameron: 

Was  born  July  17,  1854,  near  Coultersville,  Randolph  Co., 
111. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1880,  by  Southern  Illi- 
nois Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '80,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Cutler,  Perry  Co.,  111.,  Sept.  7,  1880-June  20,  '83;  S.  S. 
Grand  Avenue,  St.  Louis,  1883-5;  pastor  at  Morning  Sun, 
la.,  Sept.  I,  1885- 

MacKENZIE,  William  A. : 

Was  born  May  14,  1836,  near  Wellsville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1863,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  5,  '65,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Sewickley,  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Ap.,  1865-June  13,  '71;  of  Salem,  N.  Y.,  since 
Nov.  14,  187 1.  Publication:  History  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian Church  of  Salem,  N.  Y.,  pp.  45,  1876. 


THE   MINISTRY.  465 

MACKEY,  John  Crawford: 

Was  educated  and  licensed  by  the  Reformed  Presbyterians 
(Gen.  Syd.)  and  ordained  Feb.  20,  1880,  by  their  Northern 
Presbytery,  pastor  of  Whitinsville,  Mass.,  (United  Presby- 
terian) Ap.  24,  1883-July  30,  '84;  Jane  St.,  New  York,  Oct. 
7,  '1884-Mar.  5,  '85;  deposed  for  immorality  in  1887. 
McKINLAY,  Duncan  Murray: 

Was  born  Feb.  6,  1852,  in  York,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1880,  by  Caledonia  Pres., 
and  ordained  March  18,  '84,  by  Vermont;  pastor  of  Barnet, 
Vt. ,  since  ordination. 
McKINNEY,  William  A.,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  academically  edu- 
cated, and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh ;  was  licensed  May 
16,  1837,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  '38  by  the 
same;  served  the  congregation  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  for  a  sea- 
son; was  pastor  of  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  Ap.  23,  1840-N0V.  19,  '40;  called  to  Puckety,  Alle- 
gyeny  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  died  in  the  summer  of  1842. 

McKINSTRY,  Matthew  (A.  R.)=^: 

Was  born  Oct.  30,  1803,  near  Mexico,  in  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1832,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1835,  by  Mon- 
ongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  27,  '36,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  Bethesda  and  Laurel  Hill,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.; 
Ap.,  1836-Aug.  19,  '45;  took  charge  of  McKeesport  in  '57, 
but  ill  health  compelled  him  to  give  up  in  '61.  When  not 
in  the  pastorate,  because  of  much  ill  health,  he  tried  by  sup- 
erintending the  county  schools,  and  in  every  other  way  possi- 
ble, to  make  himself  useful,  for  he  was  a  man  of  good  ability 
devoted  to  his  work.  He  died  Dec.  10,  1872. 
McKIRAHAN,  Joseph  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  12,  1812,  near  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  was 
educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  1846  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
April  23,  '50,  by  Cambridge;  was  pastor  of  E.  Greenwich, 
Washington  Co.,   N.    Y.,   Ap.,    1850-May  24,   '54;  was  two 


466  THE   MINISTRY. 

years  S.  S.  in  Michigan;  was  pastor  of  New  Jefferson  and 
New  Market,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  1856-Sept.  8,  '63;  he  preached 
as  his  health  would  permit  for  a  few  years  in  the  vacancies  of 
his  Presbytery,  and  when  he  could  no  longer  travel  he  pro- 
cured a  hand  printing  press  with  the  design  of  writing  and 
printing  sermons  for  children,  so  thoroughly  was  his  heart 
set  upon  preaching  the  gospel.  During  the  greater  part  of 
his  life  he  suffered  much  from  rheumatism,  and  finally  be- 
came so  crippled  as  to  be  scarcely  able  to  move.  He  died  in 
Glencoe,  O. ,  Nov.  19,  1873. 
McKIRAHAN,  Matthew  Foster: 

Nephew  of  Joseph;  was  born  Jan.  23,  1847,  in  Belmont 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Geneva  College,  O. ,  in  1873; 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1875, 
by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  30,  ''^d^  by  Monmouth; 
pastor  at  Alexis,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  May  30,  1876-Aug.  27, 
'82;  S.  S.  in  Topeka,  Kan.,  Sept.,  1882,  and  pastor,  June 
15,  '86.  Publication:  An  Anniversary  Sermon,  1880. 
McKIRAHAN,  William: 

Brother  of  M.  F. ;  was  born  in  1845  near  St.  Clairsville,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Geneva  College,  O.,  in  1873,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1875,  by  Sidney 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  14,  1876,  by  Conemaugh;  pastor  of 
Conemaugh  and  Jacksonville,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordina- 
tion till  Sept.  II,  1882;  Hookstown,  Pa.,  Jan.  15,  1884- 
McKITRICK,  Eben  S.  : 

Was  born  in  Londonderry,  O.,  Aug.  9,  1850;  was  grad- 
uated at  Miami  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  May  12,  1874,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  15,  '75,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Third  Ch., 
Allegheny  City,  since  ordination. 
McKITRICK,  Joseph  M.  : 

Was  born  near  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth; was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1870,  by  Bloomington  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  2,  '70,  by  W.  Missouri;  pastor  of  Greenwood, 
Mo.,  1870-Oct.  15,  '73;  of  Prosperity,  in  Southern  111.,  Nov. 
20,  1873-Sept.  15,  '80;  of  Knoxville,  la.,  Nov.  18,  i88o-Ap. 
II-' 83;  Chapman ville,  Kan.,  Sept.  11,  1884. 


the  ministry.  467 

Mcknight,  David  Kennedy: 

Was  born  Aug.  13,  1846,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
duated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1867,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  28,  1870,  by  Monon- 
gahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  9,  '72,  by  Frankfort;  was 
installed  at  ordination  over  Clinton  and  Mt.  Gilead,  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Pa.;  released  from  the  latter  Oct.  21,  '74,  and  the 
former,  Sept.  21,  '86. 

Mcknight,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  eastern  Penns)dvania  Feb.  5,  1870;  was  grad- 
uated at  Dickinson  in  1792,  and  studied  theology  privately, 
mainly  with  Mr.  Dobbin,  of  Getty.sburg,  Pa. ;  was  licensed 
Ap.  3,  1794,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  '97  by 
the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia;  pastor  of  Coddle 
Creek,  Iredell  Co.,  N.  C,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death 
Sept.  17,  1831. 

Mcknight,  James  Carlisle  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Sept.  24,  1826,  near  Cochranton,  Crawford  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Allegheny  College,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in 
1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May 
19,  1852,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  10,  '56,  by 
Second  Illinois;  was  pastor  of  Spring  Grove,  111.,  June  1856- 
Mar.,  '60;  has  been  S.  S.  in  different  places  in  the  west. 

McLACHLAN,  Alexander: 

Was  born  July  10,  1843,  in  Kilninver,  Argyleshire,  Scot- 
land, and  reared  in  Delaware  Co.,  N,  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  Ap.  26,  187 1,  by  Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
15,  '73,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  S.  Buffalo,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  since  ordination. 
McLACHLAN,  Donald: 

Brother  of  Alexander;  was  born  July  29,  1841,  in  Kilnin- 
ver, Argyleshire,  Scotland,  and  reared  in  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  '69,  by  Delaware  Presby- 
tery, and  ordained  Oct.  10,  '72,  by  Wisconsin;  pastor  of 
Rock  Prairie,  Rock  Co.,  Wis.,  July  i,  1875-Mar.  31,  '86. 


468  THE   MINISTRY. 

McLANE,  Daniel  Webster: 

Was  born  June  22,  1837,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1865,  by  Mon- 
mouth Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  16,  '66,  by  the  same;  pastor 
at  Biggsville,  111.,  i866-'8;  at  Mahoning  and  connections, 
Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  15,  1871-Mar.  10,  '75;  of  New  Flor- 
ence and  West  Fairfield,  Westmoreland  Co.,  June  10,  1876- 
July  31,  '80;  Pratt  Creek,  la.,  1883. 
McLAREN,  Donald  Campbell  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  Oct.  2,  1794,  and  spent  his 
boyhood  mainly  in  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1813;  taught  school  for  two  years,  and  studied 
theology  for  four  years  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason:  was 
licensed  in  the  spring  of  1819  by  Saratoga  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Jan.  26,  '20,  by  Washington ;  was  pastor  of  Cambridge, 
N.  Y.,  i820-'6;  of  Caledonia,  N.  Y.,  autumn,  1826-July  '52, 
and  then  lived  in  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  until  his  death.  May  7th, 
1882.  Publications:  The  Boa  Constrictor,  or  Fourier  Asso- 
ciations Exposed,  1844;  Cupful  of  Truth  to  the  Cup-bearers 
of  Drunkenness,  a  poem,  pp.  24,  1845;  ^  pamphlet  on 
Psalmody  and  another  on  Usury;  a  Metrical  Version  of  the 
Book  of  Psalms. 
McLAREN,  John  Finlay,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  Donald;  was  born  Feb.  7,  1803,  at  Manlius, 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1825,  ^"^ 
studied  theology  at  Princeton;  was  licensed  June  26,  1828,  by 
Caledonia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  7,  '30,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  at  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1830-Ap.,  '45;  at  Hagerstown, 
Md.,  Ap.,  1845-Ap.,  '46;  First  Asso.  Ref.,  Pittsburgh,  May 
5,  1846-March  25,  '51;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was 
agent  of  the  Board  of  Missions  till  1856;  President  of  the 
Western  University,  Pittsburgh,  1856-9;  Chaplain  of  the 
Tenth  Reg.,  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  1 862-' 64;  supplied 
churches  in  Michigan  i867-'74;  was  editor  of  the  Christian 
Magazine^  organ  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  New  York,  pub- 
lished at  Geneva,  1832-43.  Died  Mar.  14,  1883,  at  Prince- 
ton, N.  J.  Publications:  Quite  a  number  of  sermons  and 
addresses  in  addition  to  his  magazine  articles  and  editorials. 


THE   MINISTRY.  4^9 

McIvAREN,  Malcolm  Neil,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  Donald;  was  born  July  i,  1799,  in  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1824,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton  and  privately;  was  licensed  June  6,  1826,  by 
Washington  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  30,  '27,  by  Saratoga; 
was  pastor  in  Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i827-'33;  of 
Hamptonburg,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i833-'43;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ;  pastor  of  First  Ch.,  Rochester,  i843-'7; 
then  of  the  Central  Dutch  Ch.,  Brooklyn,  i847-'9;  and  of  the 
Dutch  Ch.,  in  Newburgh  i850-'9;  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  iu 
Caledonia  i860-' 71,  and  retired  to  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  where  he 
died  July  2,  1887. 

MacLAREN,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Perthshire,  Scotland,  and  spent  much  of  his 
youth  in  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in 
1831,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in 
May,  1836,  by  Saratoga  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Sept.  of  the 
same  year  by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  Franklin  St.  Ch., 
New  York  city,  Sept.,  1836-May  30,  '54;  of  Pearl  St.,  Fall 
River,  Mass.,  Oct.,  i854-'66;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ; 
was  President  of  "Ohio  Central  College,"  at  Iberia,  from 
which  he  retired  in  1877,  and  resides  with  his  son,  the  Rev. 
Robert  F.,  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

McLaren,  William  Stevenson  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  Donald;  was  born  July  8,  1824,  in  Cambridge, 
N.  Y.  ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1843,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny,  Newburgh  and  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was 
licensed  in  the  summer  of  1848  by  Caledonia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained July  17,  '50,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Geneva,  N. 
Y.,  July,  1850-Dec.  14,  '52;  of  Caledonia,  N.  Y.,  Ap.  19, 
1853-Sept.  8,  1870;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  at 
Santa  Barbara,  Cal.,  July  12,  1874,  of  consumption. 
MacLAUGHLAN,  James  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1831,  in  Londonderry,  Ireland;  was  edu- 
cated at  Belfast;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1849,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  May,  1854,  by  New  York 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  12  of  the  same  year,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  at  Thompson ville,  Conn.,  Sept.,  i854-'8;  returned 


470  THE    MINISTRY. 

to  Ireland  on  account  of  his  health;  was  pastor  of  the  Second 
Ramelton  congregation  in  the  Irish  Presbyterian  Ch.  spring 
of  1859-Oct.,  '71;  was  sent  out  by  his  church  to  Canada,  and 
by  the  Chatham  Pres.,  Can.,  to  supply  in  the  Scotch  Ch. 
in  Chicago,  111.,  where  he  was  pastor  July,  i872-'82.  He 
and  his  congregation  were  transferred  to  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  of  the  U.  S.     Is  pastor  at  Argyle,  111. 

McLAUGHLAN,  Wiluam  Fay: 

Was  born  Jan.  31,  1840,  in  Kells,  county  Antrim,  Ireland- 
was  educated  at  Griswold  College,  la.,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1880,  by  Cedar  Rapids 
Pres.,  and  ordained  July  22,  '80,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Gar- 
ner, la.,  July  22,  1880-Sept.  26,  '82. 

Mclaughlin,  samuel  r.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  20,  i860,  at  Clifton,  la. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1883,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  6,  1885,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  26, 
'86,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  at  Elvira,  la.,  since  ordination. 

McLAURY,  Thomas  C.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  19,  1805,  in  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1828,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1831,  by  Saratoga  Pres., 
and  after  teaching  several  years  was  ordained  Sept.  23,  '36, 
by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  White  Lake,  Sullivan  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  1836-Ap.,  '42;  of  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  May  30,  1842-July 
21,  '52;  accepted  a  call  to  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y., 
where  he  died,  Jan.  6,  1853,  during  the  very  week  he  was  to 
have  been  installed. 

McLEAN,  Charles  G.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1787  in  county  Armagh,  Ireland,  and  came  to 
the  U.  S.  in  1797  with  his  step-father,  the  Rev.  Dr.  James 
Gray;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1808,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  with  Dr.  Mason; 
was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1812  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  in  the  spring  of  '14  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.,  i8i4-'42.  He  and  his  congregation  went  with 
their  Presbytery  into  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  at  the  union  of 
1822,  but  sympathizing  with    Dr.  John  M.   Duncan  in  his 


THE    MINISTRY.  47 1 

trouble,  joined  him  and  Dr.  John  Chambers  in  the  formation 
of  an  Independent  Presbytery  in  1825,  with  which  he  re- 
mained until  1842,  when  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
had  charge  of  a  church  in  Baltimore  for  two  years;  was  pastor 
of  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.  at  Fort  Plain,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y., 
i844-'5i,  and  then  Principal  of  a  Female  Seminary  in  Indi- 
anapolis, Ind.,  where  he  died,  July  4,  i860.  He  was  a  man 
of  good  abilities,  and,  except  in  the  matter  of  the  expediency 
of  creeds  and  confessions,  preached  with  much  fullness  and 
faithfulness  the  same  old  Gospel  he  had  been  taught  in  his 
youth. 

McLEAN,  Daniel  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  10,  1771,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edu- 
cated at  the  Canonsburg  Academy,  the  predecessor  of  Jeffer- 
son College,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  John  Anderson  at 
Service  for  six  years;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1799,  by  the  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania.  The  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  at  its 
meeting  in  Philadelphia  in^May,  1800,  resolved  that  at  its  next 
regular  meeting,  to  be  held  in  the  same  city.  May  20,  1801,  it 
would  constitute  as  the  Associate  Synod  of  North  America, 
and  it  also  ordained  that  Messrs.  J.  Smith,  J.  Anderson  and 
R.  Laing,  with  ruling  elders,  should  meet  at  Canonsburg,  on 
Monday,  the  23d  of  June,  1800,  to  perform  all  necessary  pres- 
byterial  work,  and  particularly  to  ordain  Ebenezer  Hender- 
son, and  to  make  provision  for  the  ordination  of  William 
Wilson  at  Monture,  etc.  When  the  Synod  met  in  1801  it 
designated  this  organization  as  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers.  Mr. 
McLean  was  ordained  in  the  autumn  or  winter  of  1800  by 
Chartiers  Pres.  while  in  this  incipient  state  of  organization, 
and  was  installed  Jan.  i,  1802,  pastor  of  Shenango  and  Sandy 
Creek,  which  covered  considerable  territory  in  Mercer  and 
Crawford  counties,  Pa.,  including  Greenville.  In  the  au- 
tumn of  1840  he  resigned  all  but  Shenango,  and  was  released 
from  it  May  i,  1855.     Died  June  5,  1856. 

McLEAN,  Daniel  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  2,  1792,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  for  a  time  with  his 
uncle,  the  Rev.  Daniel   McLean,  of  Shenango,  and  finished 


472  THE    MINISTRY. 

with  Dr.  Ramsay;  was  licensed  Aug.  20,  1823,  by  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  in  Dec,  '24,  by  Chartiers;  installed  pastor  of 
Bloomfield,  Cambridge  and  Londonderry,  O.,  in  Dec,  '24; 
after  three  years  resigned  Londonderry,  and  then  Cambridge 
in  ''2,'J^  and  finally  Bloomfield  in  '54;  was  settled  near  Du- 
buque, and  then  Keokuk,  la.,  and  died  Sept.  i,  i860,  while 
on  a  visit  to  Bloomfield. 

McLEAN,  D.\NiEL  Henry  Anderson,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Son  of  the  first  Rev.  Daniel;  was  born  Ap.  5,  1816,  at  She- 
nango,  in  Crawford  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1836,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June 
4,  1840,  by  Shenango  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  2,  '41,  by 
the  same;  was  installed  pastor  of  Mercer  and  Salem,  Mercer 
Co.,  at  ordination;  in  the  spring  of  '45  he  resigned  Mercer 
and  gave  all  his  time  to  the  other  branch,  which  was  now 
divided  into  three  congregations,  West  Greenville,  Kinsman 
and  Delaware,  until  May,  '52;  was  S.  S.  at  Verona  in  '57;  in- 
stalled over  Beaver  and  Four  Mile  in  '61;  resigned  the  latter 
in  '66,  and  the  former  in  Ap.,  '68;  was  Prof,  of  Mathematics 
in  Westminster  Ap.,  1852-6;  Principal  of  Pittsburgh  High 
School  Sept.,  1856-Sept.,  '59;  Assistant  editor  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Jan.,  1858-Jan.,  '62;  Principal  of  the  Beaver 
Ladies'  Seminary  Ap.,  1867-July,  '72.  Publications:  A  Lec- 
ture on  Slavery;  Perseverance  of  the  Saints,  an  answer  to  a 
Methodist  minister. 

McLEAN,  Daniel  McBane*: 

Was  born  Jan.  24,  1840,  near  Wellsville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Sept.  3,  1861,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Jan.  13,  '63,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of  Fifth  Ch., 
Allegheny,  Jan.,  i863-'5;  Cleveland,  O.,  1865-Nov.  8,  '70; 
Chartiers,  Washington  Co.,  Jan.  5,  1871,  until  his  death  Mar. 
21,  1880,  from  consumption. 

Maclean,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Oct.  12,  1823,  i^  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Western  University  in  1843,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1846,  by  Monongahela, 
and  ordained  Sept.  26,  '48,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  New 


THE    MINISTRY.  473 

Brighton,  Pa.,  Sept.  25,  1848-Ap.  10,  '55;  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
1857-Jan.  22,  '62;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pas- 
tor of  the  N.  Ch.,  St.  Ivonis,  of  Bloomington,  111.,  of  Clinton, 
111.,  and  is  now  in  the  U.  S.  Marine  Hospital  Service,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
McLEAN,  John  Latta  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  22,  1802,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  in  1838  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  22,  '39,  by  Indiana;  was  pastor  of  Princeton  and 
Midway,  Ind.,  Nov.  22,  1839-Ap.  24,  '43;  installed  over 
Mansfield,  Haysville  and  Clear  Creek  in  1843;  substituted 
Ontario  for  Clear  Creek  in  '49;  was  released  from  Mansfield 
and  Ontario  May  11,  '53,  and  from  Haysville  in  Ap.,  '55; 
pastor  of  Chesterville,  Sulphur  Springs  and  Alum  Creek, 
Morrow  Co.,  O.,  June  i859-'63;  retired  to  Monmouth,  111., 
and  in  1871  to  Red  Oak,  la.,  where  he  died  Mar.  29,  1874. 

McLEAN,  Samuel  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  Daniel  Jr. ;  was  born  in  Washington,  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  educated  at  Jefferson  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  in  1825  ^Y  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
18,  '27,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Jonathan's  Creek  and 
connections  Ap.,  1827-Sept.  17,  '28;  of  Poplar  Ridge  and 
Plainsfield,  in  the  Miami  Pres.,  Oct.  21,  1842,  until  his  death,. 
April  16,  1849. 

MACLELLAN,  John  M.*: 

Was  born  in  1802  in  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  St.  Andrew's  University,  and  studied  theology  in  Glasgow; 
was  licensed  in  1832  by  the  Pres.,  of  Edinburgh,  and  or- 
dained Aug.  27,  '33,  by  Lanark;  migrated  to  Canada,  where 
he  remained  for  years  in  connection  with  the  United  Presby- 
terian Ch.,  of  Canada;  came  to  the  U.  S.,  and  joined  the 
Presbytery  of  Detroit  in  Aug.,  1858;  was  S.  S.  at  Romeo, 
Mich.,  i86a-'63;  pastor  of  Davisville  and  Fremont,  Mich., 
July  14,  1863-6;  of  Bruce  1866-70;  died  in  Detroit  Oct.  23, 
1876. 

McLEOD,  Angus: 

Was  born  in  Canada  May  10,  1833;  was  educated  at  Knox 
30 


474  I'HE   MINISTRY. 

College,  Toronto;  was  licensed  Ap.  lo,  1881,  by  the  Pres.,  of 
Lindsay,  and  ordained  in  1881,  by  Chatham;  pastor  for  a 
short  time  of  Florence  and  Dawn;  came  to  U.  S.  and  pastor 
of  Frazer  Ch.,  Huron  Co.,  Mich.,  Feb.  12,  1883-Mar.  29,  '87; 
returned  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Canada. 

McLEOD,  Robert  B.  E.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1789  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Columbia  N.  Y.,  in  1806,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York 
under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1811,  by  New  York 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7,  '12,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
the  Scotch  Ch.,  in  Cedar  St.,  N.  Y.,  May,  i8i2-'23,  the  suc- 
cessor of  Dr.  Mason  and  predecessor  of  Dr.  McElroy.  He 
and  his  congregation  went  with  the  New  York  Pres.,  into  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  1822.  He  spent  several  years  in  the  South, 
and  was  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  South  East,  Put- 
nam Co.,  N.  Y. ,  from  the  autumn  of  1829  until  his  death, 
Aug.  23,  1856. 

McM ASTER,  John,  D.  D.*: 

Was  born  in  Donegon,  county  Antrim,  Ireland,  Mar.  i, 
1806;  was  brought  to  America  in  1811;  was  graduated  at  the 
Western  University  in  1827,  ^"^  studied  theology  in  the  Ref. 
Pres.  Sem.,  Pittsburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1830,  by  the 
Pittsburgh  Pres.,  (R.  P.,)  and  ordained  Jan.  26,  '52,  by  the 
Northern  Pres.  (R.  P.);  was  pastor  of  Duanesburgh,  Sche- 
nectady Co.,  N.  Y.,  i832-'7;  at  Walnut  Hill,  i837-'4o;  in- 
stalled in  the  Covenanter  congregation  in  Princeton,  Ind.,  in 
June,  1840;  continued  thus  till  Aug.  9,  1870,  when  he  and 
his  church  were  received  into  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  died  in  these  relations,  July,  11,  1874,  from  heart  dis- 
ease. 

McM  ASTER,  Henry  Hugh: 

Was  born  in  South  Shenango,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1876,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  10,  '78,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Wayne, 
Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  10,  1878-82;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 
and  is  near  Uniontown,  Pa. 


THE    MINISTRY.  475 

McMASTER,  William  H.  : 

Was  born  July  4,  1841,  at  Adamsville,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1870,  by  Monongahela 
Pres. ,  and  ordained  Sept,  5,  '71,  by  Westmoreland;  pastor  of 
Bethel,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Sept.,  1871-Sept.  i,  '74;  of 
Princeton,  Ind.,  Dec.  29,  1874-Nov.  15,  1881;  Blairsville, 
Pa.,  Dec.  13,  1882.  Publication:  Bad  Statesmen,  a  Thanks- 
giving Sermon  in  1879. 

McMICHAEL,  Ethan  St.  Clair: 

Was  born  June  7,  1842,  near  Butler,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  June  20,  1871,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
19,  '72,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Newton  and  Palo  Alto,  la.. 
Nov.,  1872-May  23,  '79;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  Nov., 
1880;  pastor  of  Third  Ch.,  Springfield,  111. 

McMICHAEL,  Jackson  Burgess,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  July  22,  1833,  near  Poland,  Mahoning  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  May  7,  1861,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  9,  '62,  by  Xenia;  pastor  at  Sugar  Creek,  Greene 
Co.,  O.,  Oct.,  1862-July  30,  '78;  was  Prof,  of  Church  His- 
tory and  Polity  in  the  Xenia  Sem.  i873-'8;  has  been  Presi- 
dent of  Monmouth  College  since  Sept.,  1878.  Delegate  to 
the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884. 

McMillan,  Andrew: 

Was  born  May  3,  1833,  in  Tiffin,  Seneca  Co.,  O. ;  was  ed- 
ucated at  Washington  College  in  Iowa,  and  studied  theology 
at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1866,  by  Keokuk  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  9,  '69,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of  Olena, 
111.,  June,  1869-Aug.  28,  '71;  of  Oelwein  and  Putnam,  Fay- 
ette Co.,  la.,  July  25,  1876-Dec.  9,  '84;  S.  S.,  Brighton,  la., 
1885- 

MacMILLAN,  William  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  6,  1826,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Duquesne,  Pittsburgh,  in  1847,  ^"^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1850,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.   2,  '53,   by  Boston;  was  pastor  at 


476  THE    MINISTRY. 

Ivowell,  Mass.,  Nov.,  1853-Nov.,  '54;  of  Union  Ch.,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.,  1855-N0V.  3,  '57;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  is  at  Ross,  O. 
McMillan,  William  Harrison,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  18,  1837,  in  Iberia,  Morrow  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  College  in  Iowa,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1863,  by  Keokuk 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  4,  '64,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  of 
Little  York,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  Oct.,  1864-Ap.  13,  '70;  Third 
Ch.,  Xenia,  Aug.  12,  1870-Jan,  28,  '73;  Second  Ch.,  Alle- 
gheny, since  Ap,  8,  '''jt^.  Was  Moderator  of  the  Gen.  Ass.  in 
1883;  delegate  to  the  Pan-Presbyterian  Council  in  1880  and 
1884.  Publications:  A  History  of  the  Second  United  Pres- 
brterian  Ch.,  Allegheny,  pp.  28,  1876;  The  Verbal  Inspira- 
tion of  the  Scriptures,  a  Sermon;  The  Value  of  the  Catechet- 
ical Instruction  of  Children,  a  Sermon. 
McMULLAN,  Peter  (often  written  McMillan),  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  perhaps  as  early  as  1750;  was  educated 
in  Scotland,  and  licensed  and  ordained  by  some  Anti-Burgher 
Pres.  in  Scotland  or  Ireland.  Was  pastor  for  some  time  of 
the  Anti-Burgher  congregation  of  Ahoghil  in  Ireland.  In 
1789  he  appeared  in  upper  S.  Carolina,  and  fraternized  with 
Dr.  Thomas  Clark,  and  associated  with  him  and  David  Both- 
well  and  John  Boyce  to  organize  on  the  24th  of  Feb.,  1790, 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia;  was  in- 
stalled pastor  at  Due  West  Corner,  Abbeville  District,  S.  C, 
most  probably  in  the  spring  of  1794.  This  relation  was  dis- 
solved in  1 801  at  the  request  of  the  congregation.  In  1798 
"he  was  found  guilty  of  intoxication  and  profane  swearing, 
and  censured  accordingly."  In  1801  he  was  "silenced  " 'for 
drunkenness,  and  in  the  spring  of  1802  was  restored.  Upon 
the  charge  that  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  had  altered  the  Confession 
of  Faith  in  reference  to  the  power  of  the  magistrate  in  eccle- 
siastical matters,  had  "buried"  the  Scottish  Testimony  and 
Covenants,  and  abolished  communion  Fast  Days,  he  and  the 
Rev.  William  Dickson  informed  the  Second  Pres,  of  the  Car- 
olinas, to  which  they  belonged,  on  the  2d  of  Sept.,  1802,  that 
they  declined  the  further  authority  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod. 
They  immediately  applied  to  the  Asso,  Pres,  of  Chartiers  for 


THE   MINISTRY.  477 

admission,  and  Dr.  John  Anderson  and  the  Rev.  W.  Wilson 
were  sent  down  as  a  commission  to  investigate  their  case. 
On  the  i2th  of  Jan.,  1803,  this  commission  met,  and  at  the 
conchision  of  their  investigation  admitted  the  applicants  to 
ministerial  membership,  and  the  Synod  at  its  meeting.  May 
25,  1803,  erected  Messrs.  McMullan  and  Dickson,  and  the 
Rev.  John  Cree,  of  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.,  into  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordered  them  to  hold  their  first  meeting 
and  organize  as  a  Pres.,  at  the  Steel  Creek  Ch.,  in  Mecklen- 
burg Co.,  N.  C,  on  31st  of  Aug.,  1803. 

Mr.  McMullan  preached  for  a  time  and  mostly  in  his  own 
house,  but  his  habits  of  dissipation  grew  so  that  he  was  sus- 
pended from  the  ministry  in  1806,  and  by  the  advice  and  di- 
rection of  the  Synod  was  formally  deposed  in  1807.  Soon 
afterwards  he  went  West,  and  settled  in  Middle  Tenn.,  where 
he  died. 
McMUNN,  James  Stewart: 

Was  born  June  20,  1844,  near  Washington,  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1873,  and  studied  theol- 
og}'  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1875,  by 
Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Oct.  19,  '76,  by 
the  same;  pastor  at  Winchester,  Jefferson  Co.,  Kan.,  Dec.  11, 
1877-Ap.  16,  '82;  Mechanicstown  and  Glade  Run,  O.,  Ap. 
17,  1883- 

McMURRAY,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  July  3,  1783,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1804,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  under  Dr. 
Mason;  was  licensed  June  20,  1809,  by  Washington  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.,  1810,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Lansingburg, 
N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1810-Sept.  25,  1811;  joined  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch., 
and  was  pastor  of  Rhiuebeck,  N.  Y.,  i8i2-'20,  and  Market 
St.,  New  York,  i820-'35.  A  man  of  good  abilities  and  of 
very  great  purity  and  loveliness  of  character.  Dr.  Matthews, 
his  life-long  friend,  says:  "I  never  saw  a  death-bed  scene  of 
such  varied  joys,  such  wonderfully  enlarged  views  of  divine 
truth  and  of  the  promises  which  reveal  it;  such  an  entire  su- 
periority to  every  earthly  tie  and  feeling.  His  spirit  often 
seemed  to  have  soared  away  so  far  toward  heaven  as  to  have 
lost  all  view  of  earthly  cares,  and  to  be  waiting  with  its  eyes 


478  THE   MINISTRY. 

fixed  upward,  and  upward  only,  for  the  signal  that  would  call 
it  to  its  heavenly  home."     He  died,  Sept.  24,  1835,  from  ty- 
phus fever. 
McNAB,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Nov.  19,  1839,  in  York,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1865,  by  Caledonia  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  17,  '67,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Oil  City, 
Pa.,  Sept.,  1867-Aug.  4,  '73,  and  of  Evansburg  and  Watson's 
Run,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  12,  '75-Sep.  7,  '85. 

McNARY,  James  Webster: 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1837,  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  15,  1862,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct. 
8,  '63,  by  Xenia;  pastor  at  Reynoldsburg,  O.,  Oct.,  1863- 
June,  '72;  at  Dayton,  O.,  Ap.  27,  1874-Mar.  27,  '78;  Sparta, 
111.,  Ap.  10,  1878-July  16,  '85;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  is  at  Oshkosh,  Wis. 
McNARY,  William  Pollock: 

Brother  of  James  W.,  and  great  grandson  of  Rev.  John 
Murray;  was  born  Sept.  16,  1839,  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1865,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec. 

8,  '66,  by  Kansas;  pastor  of  Leavenworth,  Kan.,  Dec,  1866- 
Dec.  16,  '69,  and  at  Bloomington,  Ind.,  Nov.  2,  1870-Ap.  9, 
'84;  Jordan's  Grove,  111.,  1885-May  8,  '86;  Editor  of  The 
Midland  1884-6;  pastor  Tarkio,  Mo.,  since  1886;  in  the  civil 
war  was  Adjutant  of  the  123d  and  193d  Regts.  Penn.  Volun- 
teers, and  Lieut. -colonel  of  the  Fifty-fifth.  Publication:  A 
Sermon  on  Masonry. 

McNAUGHER,  John: 

Was  born  Dec.  30,  1857,  in  Allegheny,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia,  with 
one  year  post-graduate  course  in  Scotland;  was  licensed  Ap. 
I,  1884,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  22,  '85,  by 
Mansfield;  pastor  at  Fredericksburg,  O.,  Ap.  22,  1885-Nov. 

9,  '86;  elected  Prof  of  New  Testament  Theology  in  the  Alle- 
gheny Seminary  in  autumn  of  1886. 


THE    MINISTRY.  479 

McNAUGHTON,  Findley  W.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Union  in  1822,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Banks 
in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  June  19,  1826,  by  Cambridge 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  20,  '28,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of 
Mercersburg,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  and  the  Cove,  May,  1828- 
'57.  In  '45  he  and  the  Rev.  C.  Webster  withdrew  from  the 
Asso.  Synod,  because  of  its  "lack  of  fidelity  to  Reformation 
attainments,"  in  its  negotiations  with  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch. ,  in 
the  matter  of  an  organic  union.  They  formed  and  main- 
tained a  Presbytery  until  1856,  when  Mr.  Webster  returned 
to  the  Synod,  and  Mr.  McNaughton  in  '57  joined  the  Ref 
Pres.  Ch.,  (N.  S.,)  and  subsequently  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  is  residing  upon  his  farm  in  Fulton  Co. ,  Pa. 

McNAY,  John  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  20,  1848,  by  Chartiers,  and  ordained  Ap.  9,  '51, 
by  la.;  pastor  at  Crawfordsville,  Washington  Co.,  la.,  Ap., 
1851-Sept.,  '52;  declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858;  was 
for  many  years  pastor  of  the  Asso.,  congregation  at  Palestine, 
Crawford  Co.,  111.,  where  he  died  Oct.  17,  1879. 

McNEAIv,  James  (A.): 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Nov.  31,  1853,  ^Y  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  10,  '54,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at 
New  Castle,  Monroe  Co.,  O.,  i854-'5;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref 
Pres. ,  of  Steubenville,  and  was  pastor  of  New  Castle,  Browns- 
ville and  New  Matamoras  i855-'7;  ^^  Barlow  and  Bether, 
Washington  Co.,  O.,  1857-Ap.  10,  '60;  joined  the  Congrega- 
tional Ch.,  and  labored  for  three  years  in  its  churches  in 
southern  Ohio;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of 
Monmouth  in  '63;  was  S.  S.  at  New  Paris,  Preble  Co.,  O., 
i865-'7;  was  pastor  at  Palmetto,  Tenn.,  1867-9;  ^^  Pistol 
Creek  and  Big  Spring,  Tenn.,  i869-'79;  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.,  South,  and  is  laboring  as  a  missionary  in  south- 
eastern Tenn. 


480  THE   MINISTRY. 

McNEEL,  Samuel  G.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  29,  1822,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  v/as  licensed  Oct.  16,  '51,  by  Richland  Pres.,  and 
ordained,  sine  iitulo,  ]\Ay  21,  '52,  by  Shenango;  was  pastor 
of  Pleasant  Run,  Carroll  Co.,  Ind.,  from  Jan.  26,  1854.  He 
and  his  congregation  did  not  go  into  the  union  of  1858;  was 
editor  of  the  Associate  Presbyterian  from  1858,  and  Synodic 
Teacher  of  Theology  from  May  29,  1866,  until  his  death  in 
June  1881. 

McNIECE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  and  educated  in  Scotland;  was  one  of 
the  Irish  patriots  that  came  to  the  U.  S.,  with  Emmett; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  preached  and  taught  in 
Westchester  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  founded  the  Canal  St.,  congrega- 
tion in  New  York;  became  Principal  of  the  Academy  in 
Salem,  Washington  Co.,  New  York,  and  joined  the  Asso.  Ref 
Pres.,  of  Washington  in  1819,  but  the  burning  of  the  Aca- 
demy building  changed  his  plans,  and  he  soon  returned  to 
southern  New  York  and  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 

McNULTY,  Joseph  McCarrell,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Sept.  18,  1827,  at  Fayetteville,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  educated  at  the  Newburgh  Classical  Institute,  and  studied 
tlieology  at  Newburgh  with  his  uncle.  Dr.  McCarrell;  was 
licensed  May  6,  1851,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
I,  '52,  by  Saratoga;  pastor  at  W.  Kortright,  Delaware  Co., 
New  York,  Sept.,  1852-Jan.  16,  '56;  Hobart,  N.  Y.,  June  26, 
1856-N0V.,  '57;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor 
at  Clarkson,  N.  Y. ;  Montgomery,  N.  Y. ;  Wenona,  Minn. ; 
Jersey  City,  N.  J. ;  and  at  Woodbridge,  N.  J. ,  since  Aug.  14, 
1874. 
McRODDEN,  Hugh  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  by  the  Monongahela  Pres.,  as  a  probationer 
from  the  United  Asso.  Synod  of  Ireland  Nov.  17,  1819;  was 
■ordained  and  installed  over  Bethel,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  15, 
1820;  was  deposed  Sept.  8,  1824,  ^^^  drunkenness. 

McSURELY,  William  Jasper,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  i,  1834,  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 


THE    MINISTRY.  481 

at  Miami  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was 
licensed  Ap.  14,  1858,  by  the  Chillicothe  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  5,  '59,  by  First  Ohio;  was  pastor  at  Oxford,  O.,  May, 
1859-July  31,  '66;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  pastor  at 
Kirkwood,  111.;  and  Hillsboro,  O.,  since  Dec,  1869. 

McVEAN,  Daniel  C.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  15,  1818,  in  Caledonia,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  in  June,  1847,  by  Caledonia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan. 
30,  '50,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Lyndon,  Cattaraugus  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1850-Sept.,  '65;  died  Sept.  7,  1867. 
McVEY,  Hugh  Given: 

Was  born  in  Muskingum  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Mus- 
kingum in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  May  12,  1874,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  6,  '75,  by  Indiana;  was  S.  S.  at  Indianapolis  June,  1875- 
June,  '76;  pastor  of  Second  Ch.,  Washington,  la.,  Sept.  26, 
1877-Dec.  6,  '80,  and  of  First  Ch.,  New  Wilmington,  Pa., 
since  Mar.  29,  1881. 
McWATTY,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Jan.  10,  1828,  in  Monaghan,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1853,  by  Lawrence  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  29,  '54,  by  the  same;  pastor  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1854- 
June  8,  '82;  is  now  chaplain  in  the  U.  S.  Army  in  New 
Mexico. 
McWILLIAM,  Alexander  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  8,  1824,  ^^  Wigtonshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Union  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh; was  licensed  May  12,  1853,  ^Y  Caledonia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  11,  '55,  by  New  York;  pastor  of  Graham's  Ch., 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1855-June,  '59;  joined  the  Re- 
formed Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Walpack,  N.  J.,  1860- 
'70;  has  been  of  East  Millstone,  N.  J.,  since  1870. 

MADGE,  James  G.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  13,  1837,  at  Bethel,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1866,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and 


482  THE   MINISTRY. 

ordained  Aug.   9,   '70,   by  Mansfield;  pastor  at  Dal  ton,  O., 

since  ordination. 

MAG  AW,  Samuel  Patterson  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  3,  1793,  in  South  Carolina;  was  graduated 
at  Transylvania  University,  Ky.,  in  1813,  and  studied  the- 
ology in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  Aug.  7, 
1817,  by  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky,  and  ordained  Sept.  30,  '18, 
by  Ohio;  was  installed  pastor  at  ordination  of  Mt.  Pleasant, 
Butler  Co.,  O.,  and  Clear  Creek,  sixteen  miles  distant.  This 
latter  he  resigned  in  1838,  and  it  has  since  become  extinct; 
he  remained  with  the  former  until  his  death.  Mar.  18,  1840, 
and  was  buried  at  his  old  Clear  Creek  Ch. 

MAGILL,  Daniel  Elnathan: 

Was  born  May  30,  1855,  at  Cumminsville,  Huntingdon 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1884,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1887,  by  Garnett  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '87,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Welda, 
Kan.,  since  ordination. 

MAIRS,  George  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  at  Drumbeg,  Monaghan  Co.,  Ireland,  Ap.,  1761; 
was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology 
with  John  Brown,  of  Haddington;  was  licensed  by  the  Burgher 
Pres.  of  Monaghan,  and  ordained  and  installed  by  the  Pres. 
of  Ballybay  as  pastor  of  the  Burgher  congregation  at  Coote- 
hill,  county  Cavan.  After  a  few  years  of  successful  labor  he 
resigned  May  2,  1793;  sailed  on  the  12th  of  the  same  month 
for  New  York,  where  he  arrived  ist  of  Aug.,  passed  imme- 
diately to  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  he  joined  the  Asso. 
Ref  Pres.  of  New  York;  installed  over  Hebron  and  Argyle 
Nov.  13,  1793;  resigned  Hebron  Dec.  16,  '94,  and  remained 
pastor  in  Argyle  till  his  death  Oct.  11,  1841. 

MAIRS,  George,  Jr.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  George;  was  born  in  Argyle,  N.  Y.,  in  Mar.,  1798; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1820;  studied  theology  one  year 
with  Dr.  Mason  and  finished  with  his  father;  was  licensed  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Washington  Mar.  5,  1823;  was  or- 
dained and  installed  Sept.  3  of  the  same  year  as  assistant  and 
successor  of  his  father;  resigned  June  10,  '51,  and  continued 
to  reside  in  Argyle  until  his  death,  Ap.  10,  1882. 


THE    MINISTRY.  483 

MAIRS,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Brother  of  George;  was  born  at  Driimbeg,  in  Ireland,  about 
1766  or  17  67;  was  educated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  and 
studied  theology  with  Brown,  of  Haddington;  was  licensed 
and  ordained  by  the  Burgher  Pres.,  of  Monaghan;  came  to 
this  country  in  1793  with  his  brother;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  New  York;  was  called  Jan.  8,  '94,  and  installed  Feb. 
20,  as  pastor  of  Galloway,  Charlton,  Corrybush,  (Princetown,) 
and  Remsensbush,  (Florida),  resigned  the  latter  two  May  6, 
1795,  and  remained  pastor  of  the  other  two,  consolidated  as 
West  Charlton,  till  1835,  when  he  went  to  live  with  his  chil- 
dren in  New  York  city,  where  he  died  Sept.  i8,  1840. 

MANN,  David: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland,  and  ordained  Dec.  27, 
1855,  by  the  Annandale  Pres.  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch. 
of  Scotland;  was  pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Walton,  in 
Canada,  July  11,  1871-May  2,  '76,  and  then  passed  to  one  of 
the  Canadian  churches. 

MARKS,  Lafayette,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  in  Hancock  Co. ,  W.  Va. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  13,  1859,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
10,  '60,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Union  Ch.,  Allegheny  Co., 
Ap.,  1860-Mar.  26,  '67;  North  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  S.  S.  1867- 
'8;  He  passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  has  ever  since  been 
pastor  of  a  congregation  in  Wilmington,  Del. 

MARLING,  Moses  Morton: 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1835,  at  Roney's  Point,  W.  Va. ;  was  gra- 
duated at  Jefferson  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1861,  by  the  Pres.  of  Wheeling,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  3,  '64,  siJie  titulo^  by  Kansas;  pastor  of  Union, 
Randolph  Co.,  111.,  i865-'7o;  of  Roney's  Point,  West  Va., 
1871-June  16,  '85.  Published  an  Address  on  the  Inspiration 
of  the  Holy  Scriptures. 

MARSHALL,  Clark  Hindman: 

Was  born  July  20,  1861,  at  Dayton,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Princeton  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,    1884,   by  Brookville  Pres., 


484  THE   MINISTRY. 

and    ordained    Dec.    15,    '85,   by   Westmoreland;    pastor   of 
Puckety  and  Parnassus  since  ordination. 

MARSHALL,  Hugh  C.  : 

Was  born  May  4,  1849,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Westminster  and  studied  theology  at  Union  Theolo.  Sem., 
New  York  city;  was  licensed  Ap.  23,  1878,  by  Second  New 
York,  and  ordained  Feb.  19,  '80,  by  Kansas;  pastor  in 
Leavenworth,  Kan.,  i88o-'2;  Freeport,  Pa.,  1883-5;  S.  S. 
Oakland  Mission,  1885- 

MARSHALL,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated  at  Frank- 
lin and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in 
June,  1843,  t>y  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same 
in  Sept.,  '44;  was  pastor  at  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co.,  O., 
Sept.,  1844-54;  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died 
Ang.  24,  1858,  at  Doddsville,  111. 

MARSHALL,  Samuel  C,  D.  D.; 

Was  born  May  3,  at  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Oct.  26,  1859,  by  Muskingum  Pres,,  and  ordained 
July  16,  '61,  by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  Hoboken,  N.  J., 
July,  i86i-Ap.  '63;  of  Service,  Monroe  Co.,  la.,  1870-June, 
"^^^'^  was  Prof,  of  Languages  at  Muskingum  College  1864-9; 
President  of  Amity  College,  la.,  Sept.,  1877-83;  Pres.  of 
Tarkio  College,  Mo.,  i884-'6. 

MARSHALL,  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1740  near  Abernethy,  in  Fifeshire,  Scot- 
land; his  father  was  a  respectable  farmer  and  a  ruling  elder  in 
Alexander  MoncriefF's  congregation.  He  was  graduated  at 
one  of  the  universities,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Divinity 
Hall  under  the  elder  Moncrieff;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of 
1763  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Perth,  and  sailed  in  August  for 
Philadelphia;  was  ordained  Aug.  30,  1765,  by  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania;  was  pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Deep  Run, 
in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1765-Ap.  19,  '69,  and  of  the  Asso. 
congregation  in  Philadelphia,  Ap.,  1769,  until  his  death. 

In  Philadelphia  he  first  preached  in  the  Burgher  meeting 
house  in  Shippen  street,  but  as  it  was  limited  by  deed  for  the 


THE    MINISTRY.  485 

use  of  a  Burgher  congregation,  and  Mr.  Telfair  was  expected 
back  from  Scotland  to  occupy  it,  a  lot  of  ground  was  pur- 
chased on  Spruce  street,  above  Third,  and  a  church  erected 
in  1 77 1.  This  building,  during  the  occupancy  of  the  British, 
1 777-' 8,  was  converted  into  a  hospital  for  the  Hessians. 

When  a  majority  of  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  voted,  June 
14,  1782,  to  consummate  a  union  with  the  Ref.  Pres.,  Messrs. 
Marshall  and  Clarkson  and  three  elders  protested  and  appealed 
to  the  Synod  in  Scotland;  and  claiming  that  the  powers  of 
the  Asso.  Pres.  were  vested  in  those  who  adhered  to  its  true 
principles  and  constitution,  Mr.  Marshall,  as  Stated  Clerk, 
took  the  minutes  and  papers  of  the  Presbytery,  and  with  the 
minority  retired  to  the  Session  House,  chose  Mr.  Clarkson  as 
Moderator,  and  continued  the  Presbytery  as  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania. 

The  three  contracting  Presbyteries  met  in  the  house  of  Elder 
Richards,  in  Philadelphia,  and  organized  the  Synod  of  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  Nov.  i,  1782.  The  five  Elders,  the  Board  of 
Trustees  and  the  majority  of  the  congregation  in  Spruce 
street  applied  to  the  Synod  for  advice  as  to  what  they  should 
do,  inasmuch  as  their  pastor,  Mr.  Marshall,  refused  to  come 
with  them  into  the  union.  The  request  was  referred  to  Drs. 
Mason  and  Annan,  and  they  "advised  the  congregation  to 
deal  gently  with  Mr.  Marshall,  for  they  hoped  he  would  see 
his  error  and  soon  return  to  his  brethren."  Things  remained 
in  this  condition  until  the  spring  of  1786,  when  the  Trustees 
and  members  petitioned  the  State  Legislature  to  alter  the 
Deed  of  Trust,  which  confined  the  property  to  a  congregation 
"  in  subordination  to  the  Associate  Synod  of  Scotland."  Mr. 
Marshall  remonstrated,  and  cited  the  elders,  most  of  whom 
were  also  Trustees,  before  the  Asso.  Pres.,  where  the  Moder- 
ator, Mr.  Beveridge,  said:  "It  is  a  matter  of  notoriety  that 
you  have  applied  to  the  Legislature  of  the  State  to  repeal  a 
part  of  the  Deed  of  Trust,  and  this  is  Erastianism,  and  for 
this  you  are  called  to  answer."  The  Presbytery  then  deposed 
from  office  and  excommunicated  from  the  church  four  of  the 
elders,  and  suspended  the  other  one.  The  charter  of  the 
church  confined  the  management  of  its  property  to  communi- 
cants, so  this  action  of  the  Presbytery  would  depose  them 


486  THE   MINISTRY. 

from  office  as  Trustees.  They  informed  the  Presbytery  that 
they  were  not  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Asso.  Pres.,  but 
had  gone  with  the  majority  of  the  Presbytery  under  which 
they  had  always  been  into  the  union,  and  as  they  had  con- 
tributed the  means  for  the  building  of  the  church,  they  de- 
signed to  hold  it  as  their  property  and  for  their  own  use. 
On  the  following  Sabbath,  when  Mr.  Marshall  came  to  hold 
services,  the  house  was  locked  and  guarded,  and  after  ineffect- 
ively demanding  admission,  he  turned  aside  to  a  neighboring 
house  and  preached.  On  the  next  Sabbath  the  pulpit  was 
filled  by  an  Asso.  Ref  minister,  and  soon  afterward  Dr.  Rob- 
ert Annan  was  called  from  Boston  and  installed  as  pastor  in 
Spruce  street.  Mr.  Marshall  entered  suit  for  the  property, 
and  for  nearly  three  years  the  case  hung  in  court.  In  Jan., 
1789,  it  came  to  trial  and  the  jury  disagreed.  In  July,  1790, 
it  came  up  again  before  Judges  McKean  and  Rush,  and  after 
a  most  elaborate  argument  by  the  attorneys — for  the  case  in- 
volved a  new  point  of  law — the  judges  gave  opposite  charges 
to  the  jury.  Mr.  Marshall  lost  his  cause,  and  thus  ended  one 
of  the  most  celebrated  cases  ever  tried  before  the  Pennsylva- 
nia courts. 

In  the  fall  of  1786  the  Legislature  repealed  the  clause  in  the 
Deed  of  Trust  which  subordinated  the  congregation  to  the 
Synod  of  Scotland.  Upon  the  termination  of  the  suit  Mr. 
Marshall  and  his  friends  went  immediately  to  work  and  erected 
a  church  edifice  on  Walnut  street,  which  they  entered  July  31, 
1 791,  and  over  which,  sixty  years  afterward,  there  was  also  a 
protracted  lawsuit. 

Mr.  Marshall  was  two  or  three  inches  over  six  feet  in  height 
and  quite  fleshy,  was  dignified  and  courteous  in  manners,  and 
good  at  repartee.  When  the  yellow  fever  was  in  Philadel- 
phia he  wrote  a  ' '  Theological  Tract  on  the  propriety  of  re- 
moving from  places  where  the  yellow  fever  prevails. ' '  As  he 
was  leaving  the  city  at  this  time,  because  of  the  yellow  fever, 
a  friend  on  the  other  side  of  the  street  accosted  him,  saying: 
"The  wicked  flee  when  no  man  pursueth,  but  the  righteous 
are  as  bold  as  a  lion."  He  immediately  replied:  "A  prudent 
man  foreseeth  the  evil  and  hideth  himself,  but  the  simple  pass 
on  and  are  punished."     He  preached  at  the  organization  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  487 

the  Associate  Synod,  and  was  its  first  Moderator.  His  salary 
never  exceeded  ^220,  and  lie  was  compelled  to  keep  boarders 
for  the  support  of  his  family.  He  preserved  his  Scottish  ac- 
cent and  dialect  to  the  last,  and  was  not  in  any  sense  an  ora- 
tor; yet  he  was  an  instructive  and  profitable  preacher,  so  that 
such  men  as  Dr.  Rush  occasionally  waited  on  his  ministry. 
He  was  exceedingly  conservative,  and  adhered  rigidly  to  all 
traditional  forms  and  ceremonies  of  his  early  education,  even 
to  the  "lining"  of  the  Psalms  one  line  at  a  time.  Of  his 
communion  service,  a  son  of  one  of  his  elders  writes  thus: 
"The  action  sermon,  fencing  the  tables,  etc.,  occupied  so 
much  time  that,  although  we  began  precisely  at  ten  o'clock, 
it  was  about  two  o'clock  before  the  communicants  were  seated 
at  the  first  table.  Then  his  addresses  at  the  table  were  very 
long,  and  I  believe  we  did  not  get  away  from  four  till  half- 
past  four  in  the  afternoon.  While  he  was  distributing  the 
tokens  on  Saturday  afternoon  he  would  repeat  the  Song  of 
Solomon  in  what  I  suppose  would  be  called  intoning.''''  He 
died  Nov.  17,  1802,  from  a  liver  trouble,  and  the  Governor 
and  the  Chief  Justice  of  the  State  and  other  men  of  note  at- 
tended his  funeral  in  token  of  their  esteem.  He  left  but  one 
child,  a  son,  and  his  descendants  are  now  members  of  the 
Episcopal  Ch.  Publications:  A  Sermon  on  Psalmody,  1773; 
A  Catechism  for  Youth ;  A  Vindication  of  the  Associate  Pres- 
bytery, an  answer  to  Dr.  Annan,  1791;  Some  Remarkable 
Passages  in  the  life  of  Thomas  Beveridge;  A  Theological 
Tract  on  the  Propriety  of  removing  from  places  where  the 
yellow  fever  prevails;  An  Act  of  the  Associate  Presbytery 
against  Occasional  Hearing,  to  which  he  afterward  appended 
a  review  of  the  different  Religious  Denominations  in  the 
United  States  in  order  to  illustrate  the  propriety  of  the  Act. 
MARTIN,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  about  1725;  was  educated  in  Scotland, 
and  studied  theology  in  the  Anti-burgher  Divinity  Hall,  class 
1749,  and  was  ordained  at  Bangor,  Ireland,  in  1753;  was  re- 
ceived by  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  at  Pequea,  Pa.,  Aug.  i, 
1775,  upon  the  following  certificate: 

These  are  certifying  that  the  bearer,  Rev.  James  Martin,  has  for  many 
years  been  a  member  of  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Moira  and  Lisbum,  in  Ireland, 


488  THK   MINISTRY. 

and  behaved  soberly  and  inoffensively,  suitable  to  liis  character  as  a  minister 
and  Christian,  as  far  as  known  to  us;  and  having  signified  a  design  to  remove 
to  America  and  obtain  the  allowance  of  the  Asso.  Synod  of  Scotland  for  that 
purpose,  he  departs  hence  with  an  unblemished  reputation,  and  there  is  no- 
thing to  hinder  his  admission  as  a  member  of  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania. 
Done  by  order  of  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Moira  and  Lisburn,  met  at  Moira,  7th  of 
March,  1775.  FRANCIS  PRINGLE,  Pby.  Clerk. 

The  church  at  Marsh  Creek,  Adams  Co. ,  Pa. ,  had  written 
to  him  in  Ireland  in  a  congregational  capacity,  encouraging 
him  to  come  to  this  Province,  and  the  Pres.  appointed  him 
to  supply  at  Raphoe,  Hanover,  Conewago  and  Marsh  Creek 
during  Aug.  and  Sept.,  but  for  some  reason  he  did  not  settle 
in  Adams  Co.  For  two  years  he  itinerated  in  North  Carolina, 
Virginia,  and  in  Franklin,  Adams,  Cumberland  and  North- 
umberland counties,  Pa.  Received  a  call  from  North  Caro- 
lina.in  1776,  which  Pres.  would  not  sustain  because  of  inade- 
quate salary.  It  is  stated  in  the  minutes  of  the  Pres.  Oct.  15, 
1777,  that  "Mr.  Martin  having  departed  from  our  communion 
is  ordered  to  attend  next  meeting  to  be  dealt  with  on  this 
head."  By  letter  at  a  subsequent  meeting  he  declined  the 
further  authority  of  the  Pres.,  having  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  May  22,  1777,  and  was  suspended  for  contumacy,  etc. 
He  labored  in  central  Pennsylvania  in  connection  with  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  died  in  June  1795,  in  the  pastorate  of 
Penn  Valley  Ch. 

MARTIN,  James,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  May  12,  1796,  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  while  a  mere 
child  the  family  moved  to  Argyle,  where  he  was  brought  up; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1819;  studied  theology  principally 
with  Dr.  Banks  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  Sept.  2,  1822, 
by  Cambridge  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  May  10,  '24; 
pastor  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  May,  1824-July,  '42;  was  editor  of 
the  Religions  Monitor  for  six  years;  was  Dr.  Ramsey's  suc- 
cessor as  Prof,  of  Hebrew  and  Didactic  Theology  in  Canons- 
burg  1842-6,  where  he  died  June  15,  1846,  from  hemorrhage 
of  the  lungs.  Publications:  The  Imputation  of  Adam's  First 
Sin  to  his  posterity,  i2mo.,  1834;  A  Sermon  on  The  Duty  of 
Submission  to  Church  Rulers  Explained  and  Defined,  1841, 
and  numerous  contributions  to  the  Monitor. 


THE    MINISTRY.  489 

MARTIN,  John  F.  : 

Was  born  Oct.  3,  1837,  in  Brush  Valley,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  i860,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  16.  1863,  by  Conemaugh 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  15,  '66,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor 
of  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Evansburg,  in  Butler  Co.,  Nov.,  1866- 
Ap.,  '71;  of  Monroe,  la.,  June,  1871-June,  '79,  and  of  Green- 
field, Adair  Co.,  la.,  Dec.  23,  1879-Sept.  24,  '83;  Lebanon, 
Mo.,  iS84-June,  '87. 

MARTIN,  John  Kell: 

Was  born  July  i,  1842,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  one  year  at 
Monmouth  and  three  years  in  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Sem.  in 
Philadelphia;  was  licensed  Mar,  22,  1867,  by  the  Ref  Presby- 
terian Pres.  of  Philadelphia  (N.  S.),  and  ordained  Ap.  16,  '68, 
by  the  Western  Pres.  of  the  same  church;  was  pastor  at  Wal- 
nut Hill,  Marion  Co.,  111.,  Ap.  16,  1868-Jan.,  '71;  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo.,  spring,  1871-Nov.,  ^^y,  S.  S.  at  Kingsville,  Mo., 
1874-5;  pastor  at  Olena,  111.,  May  26,  1876-Nov.  i,  '79;  of 
Lexington,  O.,  Sept.  16,  1880,  and  Monroe  1882-Sept.  30, 
'84;  Reynoldsburg,  O.,  18S6-,  Mr.  Martin  came  into  the 
United  Presbyterian  Ch.  with  his  Pres.  when  the  Western 
Presbytery  of  Ref  Presbyterian  Ch.  united  with  the  United 
Presbyterian  Synod  of  Illinois  at  Paxton,  Sept.  2,  1870.  Pub- 
lications: Parody  on  Poe's  Raven,  Commencement  Exercise, 
1865;  Two  or  Three  Sermons,  and  an  Oration  July  4,  1877. 

MARTIN,  John  Scott  : 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  1850,  at  Little  York,  111. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1876,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained and  installed  Oct.  25,  '''j']^  by  Chillicothe,  at  Cherry 
Fork,  Adams  Co.,  O. 

MARTIN,  John  Williamson: 

Was  born  Nov.  10,  1834,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  i86i,  by  Steuben ville  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained by  the  same  Ap.  8,  '62;  was  pastor  of  Carrollton  and 
connections,  O.,  Ap.,  1862-Ap.,   '65;  of  East  Liverpool  and 

31 


490  THE    MINISTRY. 

Calcutta,  O.,  July,  1865-June,  '68;  was  S.  S.  at  Edgertoii, 
Johnson  Co.,  Kan.,  1869-Oct.,  'jy,  Pleasant  Hill  and  N. 
Salem,  O.,  from  Nov.  17,  1874;  resigned  the  former  and  as- 
sumed Clear  Fork,  June  13,  1882. 

MARTIN,  Samuel,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  9,  1836,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Mar.,  1865,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  3,  '66,  by  the  same;  sailed  soon  afterward 
for  the  foreign  missionary  field,  and  has  labored  ever  since  in 
Northern  India. 

MARTIN,  William  Grant: 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1853,  near  Irondale,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Mt.  Union  College  in  1879,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1884,  by  Steubenville 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  5,  '84,  by  Delaware;  pastor  at  North 
Hamden,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  5,  1884-May  10,  '87; 
pastor  of  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  since  Aug.  16,  '87. 

MARTIN,  William  James: 

Was  born  June  19,  1854,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1876,  and  studied 
theology  at  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  8, 
1879,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '80,  by 
Delaware;  pastor  at  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept. 
7,  1880-June,  '86;  Fall  River,  Mass.,  June  13,  1886- 

MASON,  John,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  near  Mid-Calder,  county  of  Linlithgow,  Scotland, 
in  1734;  was  graduated  (it  is  believed)  at  Edinburgh  Univer- 
sity; studied  theology  with  Alexander  Moncriefif,  of  Aber- 
nethy;  at  the  age  of  twenty  he  lectured  in  the  Latin  language 
with  as  much  ease  as  in  the  English;  at  twenty-four  he  was 
made  Assistant  Professor  of  Logic  and  Moral  Philosophy  in 
the  Anti-burgher  Theological  Hall;  in  the  spring  of  1761  he 
was  ordained  and  sent  out  to  America,  and  was  installed  dur- 
ing the  following  summer  as  pastor  of  the  Associate  Congre- 
gation of  Cedar  street,  in  New  York  city.  He  went  into  the 
union  of  1782  which  formed  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  He  was  emi- 
nentlv  useful  in  his  church  and  in  the  community  because  of 


THE   MINISTRY.  49I 

his  industry  and  wisdom.  When  it  was  proposed  to  establish 
an  Archbishopric  in  colonial  days  and  model  the  Episcopal 
Ch.  after  the  Established  Ch.  in  England,  he  opposed  it  vig- 
orously in  the  public  prints  and  did  much  toward  preventing 
it.  When  the  British  took  possession  of  New  York  he  sent 
his  family  to  a  safe  place  in  the  country  and  entered  the 
American  camp  as  a  chaplain.  He  was  a  man  of  sound  and 
vigorous  mind,  of  extensive  learning  and  fervent  piety.  As 
a  preacher  he  was  very  judicious  and  instructive,  and  as  a  pas- 
tor especially  faithful  and  diligent.  He  understood  human 
nature  well,  and  gave  advice  with  much  point  and  aptness. 
When  Dr.  Alexander  Proudfit  left  college  he  was  strongly 
tempted  from  ambitious  views  to  turn  to  the  law,  but  thought 
best  to  seek  the  advice  of  his  father's  friend,  to  whom  he 
stated  that  he  had  not  fully  determined  as  to  the  profession 
he  would  choose.  Dr.  Mason  saw  at  once  the  cause  of  his  in- 
decision, and  simply  answered:  "Alexander,  if  you  leave  the 
service  of  Christ  in  the  ministry  for  the  pursuit  of  worldly 
honors.  He  will  raise  up  others  to  serve  Him,  but  you  may  be 
lost."  This  settled  the  question,  and  Dr.  Proudfit  became 
one  of  the  most  active  and  useful  ministers  of  his  day. 

Dr.  Mason  was  of  middle  stature,  not  corpulent,  had  black 
hair  and  a  penetrating  black  e5'e.  He  was  distinguished  for 
his  courtly  manners,  staid  deportment  and  decision  of  charac- 
ter. He  was  strict  in  his  family  discipline  and  uncommonly 
systematic  in  all  his  habits.  As  a  speaker  his  delivery  was 
plain  but  energetic.  His  people  loved  him  and  confided  in 
him  as  a  father.  After  laboriously  serving  his  charge  for 
thirty  years,  his  recollection  suddenly  failed  him  one  day  in 
the  midst  of  his  sermon,  and  he  was  unable  to  proceed.  He 
simply  stated  that  he  regarded  this  as  a  divine  admonition  of 
his  speedy  dismission  from  earth,  and  admonished  them  to  be 
prepared  for  the  divine  will.  He  passed  to  his  house  and  to 
his  last  illness,  and  died  on  the  19th  of  Ap.,  1792.  The  dis- 
tinguished Mrs.  Isabella  Graham,  who  ministered  at  his  death- 
bed, said:  "He  had  a  sore  conflict  with  the  king  of  terrors, 
who  seemed  allowed  to  revel  through  every  part  of  his  mortal 
frame.  His  legs  were  mortified  to  his  knees.  He  had  not 
been  able  to  lie  down  for  four  weeks,  and  died  in  his  chair. 


492  THE    MINISTRY. 

Like  his  Master,  he  groaned  but  never  complained.  He  had 
a  draught  of  his  Master's  cup,  but  the  bitter  ingredient  deser-- 
tion  made  no  part  of  it."  He  often  told  her  "All  is  well, 
and  all  zuill  be  ivell.'''' 

MASON,  John  Mitchell,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  John;  was  born  in  New  York  city,  Mar.  19, 
1770;  was  graduated  at  Columbia  College  in  1789;  studied 
theology  for  two  years  with  his  father  and  Dr.  Livingston,  of 
the  Ref  Dutch  Ch.,  and  finished  in  the  University  of  Edin- 
burgh; was  licensed  in  Nov.,  1792,  and  ordained  and  installed 
Ap.  18,  '93,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York,  as  the  suc- 
cessor of  his  father  in  Cedar  street;  was  released  May  25, 
1810,  and  became  pastor  of  a  colony  which  organized  in  Mur- 
ray street.  He  was  Prof  of  Theology  in  the  Seminary  in 
New  York  from  its  organization  in  1805  till  its  suspension. 
He  edited  and  did  nearly  all  the  writing  for  the  Christian 
Magazine  i8o4-'o8.  He  was  Provost  of  Columbia  College 
i8ii-'i6.  In  1819  paralysis  began  to  manifest  itself,  and  in 
182 1  he  resigned  his  connection  with  the  Seminary  and  his 
pastoral  charge  of  Murray  street  congregation;  united  with 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  accepted  the  Presidency  of  Dickin- 
son College  at  Carlisle,  Pa. ;  resigned  this  position  in  1824; 
returned  to  New  York  and  died  Dec.  26,  1829,  ^^  ^  state  of 
entire  mental  imbecility.  As  a  pulpit  orator  he  had  no  rival 
in  America.  His  publications  were:  Catholic  Communion; 
Letters  on  Frequent  Communion;  Considerations  on  Lots; 
EssaA'S  on  Episcopacy;  The  Church  of  God;  Twenty-Six 
Sermons;  Seven  Orations,  etc.;  and  a  political  pamphlet 
published  in  1800  in  opposition  to  the  election  of  Thomas  Jef- 
erson,  which  are  collected  in  four  volumes. 

MATTHEWS,  George  D.  : 

Was  received  in  May,  1868,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  New 
York  from  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Galloway,  Scot- 
land; was  pastor  in  Jane  St.,  New  York,  May,  1868-Feb.  20, 
'74;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  is  now  pastor  in  Quebec, 
Canada. 

MATTHEWS,  James  M.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  18,  1785,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 


THE    MINISTRY.  493 

at  Union  in  1803,  and  finished  his  theological  conrse  in  New 
York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  1807  by  the  New 
York  Pres. ,  and  subsequently  ordained  by  the  same.  He 
supplied  in  the  South  Dutch  Ch.,  Garden  St.,  New  York, 
i8ii-'i2;  in  1813  he  received  a  call  to  the  pastorate  of  this 
church,  and  the  Pres.  of  New  York  referred  the  question  to 
the  General  Synod,  whether,  under  the  circumstances,  "the 
Presbyter}'  of  the  New  York  be  permitted  to  put  the  call  into 
Mr.  Matthews'  hands."  After  a  pretty  lively  discussion  it 
was  decided  to  present.  Having  been  largely  aided  by  the 
Seminary  funds  while  a  student,  the  question  of  refunding  by 
those  who  left  the  church  came  up  for  the  first  time.  It  was 
moved  by  Dr.  Mason,  seconded  by  Dr.  R.  Proudfit,  and 
unanimously  adopted  by  the  Synod:  "That  no  judicatory  of 
this  church  shall  give  to  any  minister  or  probationer  who  may 
have  been  assisted  in  his  education  from  the  public  funds  of 
this  church  permission  to  accept  a  call  from  any  other  church, 
or  a  certificate  of  his  standing  with  a  view  to  join  another 
church,  without  repayment,  or  the  security  of  repayment,  of 
the  amount  he  may  have  received  from  said  fund." 

Having  joined  the  Ref  Dutch  Ch.  he  was  pastor  of  the 
Garden  St.  Ch.  i8i3-'4o;  he  was  Assistant  Professor  of  Dr. 
Mason  in  the  Theo.  Sem.  iSoq-'iS,  for  five  years  after  he  left 
the  church;  was  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  New  York 
183 1-' 9;  he  died  in  New  York  in  1870. 

MAUGHUN,  Joseph  S.  (A.): 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1849,  ^.nd  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  15,  1851,  by  Allegheny 
Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  tihtlo^  Oct.  21,  '52,  by  Southern  In- 
diana; pastor  of  Greyfriars,  Hopewell  and  Union,  Scott  Co., 
Ind.,  July,  1853-Ap. ,  '57;  has  been  variously  employed  in 
Page  and  Monona  counties,  la.,  since  1858;  not  now  actively 
engaged  in  the  duties  of  the  ministry. 

MAXWELL,  Ebenezer  K.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Galway,  Saratoga  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1805,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  with 
Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  Sept.  11,  1810,  by  Saratoga  Pres., 
and  ordained  Feb.  5,  '12,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at  his 


494  THE    MINISTRY. 

ordination  over  the  Asso.  Ref.  congregation  at  Delhi,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.  In  1822  his  Pres.  opposed  the  contemplated 
union  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  but  as  he  was  in  favor  of  it 
he  and  his  congregation  passed  in  1823  to  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.     He  remained  at  Delhi,  and  died  in  1840. 

MAY,  John  Ross: 

Was  born  Feb.  19,  1841,  at  Venice,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1868,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  21,  1870, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  15,  '76,  by  Frankford; 
pastor  at  Paris,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.,  1876-Jan,  22, 
'79;  Beaver  Run  and  Beech  Woods,  Pa.,  June  16,  1886- 

MAYN,  Alexander: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Hugh;  was  born  Jan.  24,  1830,  in  Fleming 
Co.,  Ky. ;  was  graduated  at  South  Hanover,  Ind.,  in  1857, 
and  studied  theology  at  Oxford,  O.,  and  Due  West,  S.  C. ; 
was  licensed  Ap.  7,  i860,  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of 
the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  May  4,  '61,  by  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Arkansas;  has  spent  his  time  largely  in  teaching  in 
various  academies;  was  S.  S.  for  Murray,  Warren  and  Pleas- 
ant Valley,  in  the  Wabash  Pres.,  1868-71;  and  at  Promise 
City,  la.,  i873-'4. 

MAYNE,  Hugh  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  31,  1794,  in  the  parish  of  Saintfield,  county 
Down,  Ireland;  received  his  collegiate  and  theological  educa- 
tion in  Glasgow,  Scotland;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  Bel- 
fast, and  came  to  this  country  in  1823  and  connected  himself 
with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Kentucky,  and  was  by  it  or- 
dained, sine  tihilo^  Dec.  7,  '24;  pastor  of  Shiloh,  Mt.  Olivet 
and  Flemingsburg,  Ky. ,  which  he  had  supplied  for  three  pre- 
vious years.  May  17,  1826-Ap.,  '38.  He  demitted  his  charge 
because  of  ill  health,  and  moved  to  Ind.  where  he  engaged  in 
teaching  until  his  health  was  in  great  measure  restored,  when 
he  moved  to  111.  and  preached  as  home  missionary  for  a  year 
or  two,  when  his  health  failed  again  and  he  returned  to  teach- 
ing, but  soon  died.  This  occurred  Oct.  31,  1852,  in  Union 
Co.,  111. 


THE   MINISTRY.  495 

MEEK,  Stafford  W.: 

Was  born  near  Sparta,  111.;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth 
in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Chicago  and  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  in  the  spring  of  1872  by  Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  3,  'jT,,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Walton,  Delaware 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1873-N0V.  14,  '76;  joined  the  Congrega- 
tional Ch.,  and  is  now  pastor  at  Ravenna,  O. 

MEHARD,  Thomas  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1815  in  Larne,  Ireland,  and  brought  by  his 
parents  to  Western  Pennsylvania  in  1818;  was  graduated  at 
the  Western  University  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  11,  '38,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  30,  '41,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Shenango, 
Turkey  Run  and  East  Brook,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination  until 
his  death,  July  16,  1845. 

MEHARD,  WiLUAM  Agnevv^,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Nov.  29,  1825,  ^^^  Harmony,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Duquesne  College,  Pittsburgh,  in  1845,  and 
studied  theology  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  11,  1848, 
by  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  9,  '50,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  of  Portersville,  Evansburg  and  Centerville,  Butler  Co. , 
May,  1850-Aug.  20,  '51;  was  installed  over  New  Wilming- 
ton and  East  Brook,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  19,  1852;  re- 
signed the  former  Aug.  27,  '72,  and  still  retains  the  latter; 
has  been  Prof  of  Mathematics  and  Hebrew  in  Westminster 
College  since  1858. 
MELOY,  John  Calvin: 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1836,  at  Taylorstown,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  i860,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1863,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  27,  '64,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor 
of  the  Sixth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  June,  1864-Oct.,  '65;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  is  at  West  Newton,  Westmoreland 
Co.,  Pa. 
MELOY,  William  Taggart,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1838,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Washington  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.   20,   1864,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 


496  THE   MINISTRY. 

ordained  June  2,  '65,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  Cadiz,  O.,  June, 
1865-Mar.  20,  '78;  of  Chicago,  111.,  since  Oct.  2,  1878;  was 
Lieutenant  in  the  Union  army  during  a  part  of  the  civil  war. 
Publications:  History  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Congrega- 
tion of  Cadiz,  a  Sermon,  pp.  26;  The  Church  at  Lansington, 
a  Story  of  Pastoral  Life,  12  mo,  pp.  208. 

MELVIN,  William  (A.): 

Was  received  in  1856  by  the  Pres.  of  Albany  as  a  licentiate 
from  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Ireland;  was  ordained  in  the 
summer  of  1858  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York;  pastor  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  i858-'9;  traveled  in  the  domestic  mission- 
ary field  until  1875,  when  he  left  the  church. 

MERCER,  Thomas: 

Was  born  Mar.  18,  1826,  at  Jackson,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1857,  by  Chillicothe  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Jan.  19,  '59,  by  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Michigan; 
pastor  of  Camden,  Mt.  Hope  and  Providence,  Clinton  Co.,  Ind., 
Jan.,  1859-Ap.  13,  '70;  of  Scioto,  Jackson  Co.,  O.,  Ap.,  1871- 
Ap.,  '''jy^  of  Decatur,  Brown  Co.,  O.,  June  21,  1873-Ap.  6,  '81. 

MIDDLEMASS,  Jasper  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1799,  educated  and  licensed  in  Scotland,  and 
came  to  this  country  in  the  spring  of  1833,  and  in  Oct.  of 
that  3' ear  was  ordained  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York; 
was  pastor  at  White  Lake,  Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.,  1833- 
June,  '35;  of  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  23,  1836 
-Oct.,  '38;  joined  the  Reformed  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of 
Blooming  Grove;  Berne  and  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.  and  preached  a  number  of  years  in  the  west,  and 
died  Jan.  17,  1881,  in  Malcom,  Poweshiek  Co.,  la. 

MILLAR,  James  (A.): 

Was  born,  edncated  and  ordained  in  Scotland;  came  to  this 
country  in  1818,  and  united  with  the  Associate  Ch. ;  pastor  at 
Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  4,  1819-Feb.  i,  '26. 
In  Oct.,  1826,  he  was  deposed  from  the  ministry  by  the 
Synod  for  fornication,  and  his  subsequent  histor>'  is  not 
known. 


THK   MINISTRY,  497 

MILLEN,  Hugh  Wilson: 

Was  born  Mar.  26,  1851,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  edncated 
at  Westminster  and  stndied  theology  at  Allegheny ;  was  li- 
censed Jan.  16,  1883,  by  Brookville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
16,  '84,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of  Raccoon,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa., 
since  ordination. 

MILLEN,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  22,  1818,  in  Chester  District,  S.  C. ;  was 
gradnated  at  Indiana  State  University  in  1842,  and  studied 
theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1845,  by  Indiana 
Pres.,  and  ordained  in  July,  '47,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Shiloh,  Ind.,  i847-'49;  of  Clayton,  111.,  i849-'56;  Smith 
Creek,  111.,  1856-Dec.  28,  '69;  died  Sept.  28,  1871. 

MILLER,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  cousin  of  the  celebrated  Hugh  Miller,  and  was  born 
in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Edinburgh  University,  and 
studied  theology  part  in  Edinburgh  under  Dr.  Chalmers  and 
part  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1837,  by  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  20,  '38,  by  Second  Ohio;  pastor 
of  Washington  and  Fairview,  O.,  i838-'4o;  of  Savannah  and 
Plymouth,  Ashland  Co.,  O.,  May,  1842-Ap.,  '44;  joined  the 
Presb)-terian  Ch.,  and  because  of  family  troubles  his  wife  pro- 
cured a  divorce,  and  he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry. 
He  asked  to  be  received  back  into  the  Second  Pres.  of  Ohio, 
of  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.,  but  was  refused  because  of  his  being 
divorced.  He  was  remarried  to  his  former  wife,  and  was 
taken  back,  and  preached  for  a  time  in  the  vacancies  of  the 
Mansfield  Pres.,  and  then  became  insane,  and  was  taken  to 
the  asylum  at  Dayton,  where  he  died  Jan.  i,  1867.  He  was 
a  very  superior  scholar,  and  an  unexceptionable  preacher, 
but  a  martyr  to  chronic  neuralgia,  by  which  his  temper  was 
made  very  irritable  and  his  reason  finally  destroyed. 

MILLER,  David  Reed: 

Was  born  Jan.  13,  1846,  at  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1877,  by  Chartiers  Pres,  and  ordained 
Dec.  4,  '77,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at  Omaha,  Neb.,  Dec, 
1877-July,  '79;  pastor  at  Martin,  Mich.,  since  Ap.  16,  1881. 


498  the;  ministry. 

MILLER,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1803,  in  the  parish  of  London,  Ayrshire, 
Scotland;  received  his  literary  and  theological  education  in 
Glasgow;  was  licensed  in  1828  by  the  United  Presbyterian 
Pres.  of  Kilmarnock;  spent  several  years  in  missionary  work 
in  the  Highlands  and  in  the  Orkney  Islands;  came  to  the  U. 
S.  in  1839,  and  fixed  his  residence  in  Perry  Co.,  O.,  without 
any  special  design  of  further  engaging  in  ministerial  labors. 
In  1841  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Ohio  recognized  and 
employed  him  as  a  probationer,  and  on  the  19th  of  Ap.,  '43, 
ordained  him  sine  titnlo.  He  supplied  Scotch  Ridge,  O.,  for 
some  time,  and  also  other  vacancies  until  '55,  when  he  went 
west  and  labored  as  a  home  missionary  in  what  is  now  the 
Des  Moines  Pres.  until  his  death,  Jan.  26,  1867.  A  man  of 
good  education  and  ability,  but  slow  of  speech. 
MILLER,  James  Patterson  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  i,  1792,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Jefferson,  and,  although  he  left  the  institution  in  1814,  for 
some  reason  his  Bachelor's  degree  was  not  conferred  until 
1818;  was  Principal  of  an  Academy  at  Winchester,  Va.,  1815- 
'16;  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service  i8i6-'i7; 
taught  a  classical  school  in  Cadiz  for  a  year  or  two,  and  then 
did  the  same  at  Steuben ville;  was  taken  on  trial  for  licensure 
in  1 82 1,  and  finally  concluded  not  to  receive  licensure,  and 
turned  politician,  became  editor  of  a  newspaper  and  was  the 
first  man  in  Ohio  who  publicly  urged  the  claims  of  General 
Jackson  to  the  Presidency.  His  wife  (Elizabeth  Roberts,  of 
Canonsburg),  died  suddenly  in  Dec,  1824,  which  brought 
such  convictions  of  conscience  that  he  immediately  abandoned 
his  political  aspirations,  returned  to  his  original  design, 
studied  Hebrew  for  a  season  with  Dr.  Ramsay,  and  received 
licensure  from  the  Pres.  of  Chartiers  in  Aug.,  1825;  was  or- 
dained, sine  titiilo^  Sept.  6,  '27,  by  Muskingum;  spent  two 
years  as  missionary  in  the  new  Western  States;  was  installed 
pastor  of  South  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  Oct.,  1829. 
In  1850  the  Asso.  Synod  chose  him  missionary  to  Oregon;  he 
accepted  the  appointment;  resigned  his  pastoral  charge  in 
Mar.,  1851;  sailed  from  New  York  Ap.  I5tli,  and  landed  in 
Oregon  on  the  8th  of  June.     He  labored  actively  and  success- 


THE   MINISTRY,     ,  499 

fully  for  three  years;  organized  a  congregation  and  was  instru- 
mental in  forming  the  Associate  and  Associate  Reformed 
ministers  of  the  Territory  into  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres. 
of  Oregon.  On  the  8th  of  Ap.,  1854,  he  was  instantly  killed 
by  the  explosion  of  the  boilers  of  a  steamboat  upon  which  he 
was  returning  home  from  a  visit  to  Portland.  He  was  a  man  of 
gigantic  physical  form,  possessed  a  good  mind  and  fair  schol- 
arship, but  of  slow  and  hesitating  speech.  He  was  exceed- 
ingly practical  in  everything,  and  made  a  very  accurate  and 
useful  member  of  church  courts.  His  benevolence  and  hos- 
pitality were  large,  his  temper  was  good,  and  his  social 
qualities  very  superior.  Publication:  Biographical  Sketches 
and  Sermons  of  some  of  the  First  Ministers  of  the  Associate 
Church  in  America,  octavo,  1839. 
MILLER,  James  Russell,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  20,  1840,  at  Frankfort  Springs,  Beaver  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  22,  1865,  by  Steuben- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  11,  '67,  by  Mercer;  was  pastor 
of  First  Ch.,  New  Wilmington,  Pa.,  Sept.,  i867-'69;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Philadelphia,  and 
also  in  Rock  Island,  111.,  and  is  now  in  Philadelphia,  the 
Superintendent  of  the  Sabbath  School  Literature  of  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch. 

MILLER,  Robert  J. : 

Brother  of  Dr.  James  R. ;  was  born  Feb.  i,  1853,  in  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1873,  remained  one 
year  as  tutor  of  mathematics,  and  then  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Sept.  22,  1876,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  2,  '78,  by  Sidney;  was  pastor  at  Sidney,  O.,  Ap., 
1878-N0V.  30,  '80,  and  is  now  editor  for  the  Board  of  Publi- 
cation in  Pittsburgh. 

MILLER,  Thomas  Taylor: 

Was  born  Nov.  18,  1846,  in  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1878,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  6,  '79,  by  Wabash;  pastor  of  Bethsaida,  Tipton 
Co.,  Ind.,  Sept.  6,  1879-Aug.  22,  '83;  Elliott  and  Center 
Ridge,  la.,  Oct  10,  1883-Dec.  i,  '84  and  Mar.  31,  '86. 


500  THE   MINISTRY. 

MILLER,  William  Franklin: 

Was  born  June  5,  1839,  near  Grove  City,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Oct.  i,  1869,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  18,  '72,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  at  Savannah,  Ash- 
land Co.,  O.,  from  ordination  till  June,  '82;  East  Union,  Pa., 
June,  1884.     Publication:  A  Sermon  on  Revivals,  1879. 

MITCHELL,  Charles  Herbert: 

Was  born  Dec.  7,  1846,  in  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth; 
was  licensed  Ap.  18,  187 1, ''by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  12,  '72,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Camp  Creek,  111.,  June  12, 
1872-Sept.,  '87;  Keota,  la.,  since  Oct.,  1887. 

MITCHELL,  George  Graham: 

Was  born  in  Union  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington 
College,  la.,  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  Ap. ,  1863,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  18, 
'65,  sine  titiilo^  by  Wabash;  was  S.  S.  at  Lafayette,  Ind., 
i865-'68;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at  Oxford,  O. 

MOFFATT,  William  S.  : 

Was  born  May  29,  1833,  '^^  Greenville  Co.,  S.  C. ;  was 
graduated  at  Erskine  College,  S.  C,  in  1854,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Due  West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed 
Ap.  25,  1857,  by  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Memphis,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  23,  '59,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Prosperity  and 
New  Hope,  Fulton  Co.,  Ark.,  1859-65;  labored  in  West 
Tenn.  i865-'67;  after  being  S.  S.  for  a  year,  was  pastor  since 
Ap.  19,  1869,  of  Uniontown  and  McMahon's  Creek,  in  Bel- 
mont Co.,  O.,  which  were  under  the  care  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Synod  of  the  South.  On  the  14th  of  June,  1881,  he  and 
these  congregations  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of 
Wheeling;  resigned  Uniontown,  Oct.  19,  '81,  and  MclNIahon's 
Creek,  Sept.  19,  '82;  Centerview,  Mo.,  Nov.  13,  1883-Oct. 
6,  '86. 
MOFFET,  William  Turner: 

Was  born  July  27,  1837,  in  Bloomington,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Indiana  State  University  in  1857,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  i860,  by  Southern 


THE    MINISTRY.  5OI 

Indiana  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  2,  '61,  by  Chicago;  was 
pastor  of  Somonauk,  111.,  1861-Nov.  27,  ''']^\  of  Morning  Sun, 
Ia.,Ap.  2,  1878-83;  missionary  to  Dakota,  1883. 

MONFORT,  Peter  (A.  R.)*: 

His  ancestors  came  from  Holland  in  1640  and  first  located 
in  New  York.  He  was  born  Mar.  14,  1784,  in  Adams  Co., 
Pa.,  and  the  family  moved  in  1799  to  the  Miami  Valley;  he 
studied  privately  for  nine  years  with  the  Rev.  Messrs.  Thomp- 
son, Stowe,  Marshall  and  Welsh,  and  was  licensed  in  the 
spring  of  18 13  by  the  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Miami,  and  or- 
dained in  '14,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Yellow  Springs,  O., 
for  four  years,  and  at  Unity  and  Pisgah  for  eleven  years,  and 
at  Findlay  for  three  years.  In  1836  he  joined  the  First  Pres. 
of  Ohio  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Sycamore 
1 836-' 46;  at  Jacksonburg  and  connections,  near  Piqua,  1846 
-'9;  of  Unity,  at  College  Corner,  O.,  spring  of  1850-Oct.  4, 
'59,  and  died  in  1865.  He  was  the  father-in-law  of  the  Rev. 
Messrs.  Samuel  W.  McCracken,  James  Williamson  of  Iowa; 
Gilbert  Gordon  and  Thomas  S.  Lee,  of  Kentucky. 

MONTEITH,  Junius  Augustus: 

Was  born  Aug.  29,  1850,  near  Little  York,  Warren  Co., 
111. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1877,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1879,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '79,  by  Chicago;  S.  S.  and  pastor  at 
Hanover,  Jo  Daviess  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  19,  1879-Mar.  11,  '84; 
Cedar  Rapids,  la.,  1885- 
MONTEITH,  Robert  Campbell: 

Was  born  Aug.  15,  1848,  in  Martin,  Allegan  Co.,  Mich.; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth,  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  8, 
1874,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  16,  '75,  by 
Delaware;  pastor  at  N.  Kortright,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y., 
June,  1875-May  10,  '87. 

MONTEITH,  Thomas  Wilson: 

Was  born  Dec.  3,  1843,  at  Martin,  Allegan  Co.,  Mich.;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  187 1,  by 
Michigan  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  8,  '^^^  by  Detroit;  pastor 


502  THE    MINISTRY. 

at  Port  Hnroti,  St,  Clair  Co.,  Mich.,  from  ordination  till  June 

29,  '86. 

MONTGOMERY,  Andrew  Spence: 

Was  born  June  16,  1822,  in  Newberry  Co.,  S.  C. ;  was  edu- 
cated at  Viney  Grove  Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Due 
West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  in  Aug.,  1854,  by  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Tennessee,  and  ordained  in  Dec,  '54,  by  the  same; 
was  installed  at  ordination  over  Head  Springs,  Bedford  Co., 
Tenn.,  and  when  the  civil  war  broke  out  the  congregation 
was  about  equally  divided  in  their  sympathies  with  the  North 
and  the  South.  He  continued  for  about  a  year  to  preach  to 
the  Union  party,  the  present  Palmetto  congregation,  and 
then  his  personal  safety  compelled  him  to  go  North.  In  the 
spring  of  1864  ^^  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
was  S.  S.  for  West  Union,  White  Co.,  111.,  i864-'7o;  was  then 
installed  as  pastor,  and  continued  in  that  relation  until  Dec, 
'82;  S.  S.  of  Somerville  and  Eden,  Ind.,  1884- 
MONTGOMERY,  John  H.  : 

Was  born  May  4,  1836,  in  New  Vernon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa., 
and  worked  upon  the  farm  until  twenty- two  years  old;  entered 
IMonmouth  in  Oct.,  1858;  read  church  history  during  his 
junior  year,  and  in  his  senior  year  (1862)  entered  the  army  as 
a  private  soldier,  and  continued  his  studies,  particularly  in 
Hebrew,  Greek  and  Theology.  After  two  years'  service  he 
had  the  offer  of  chaplaincy  in  a  colored  regiment  of  volun- 
teers, and  returned  home,  and  was  examined  and  licensed 
and  ordained  Jan.  26,  1864,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  served 
as  chaplain  in  the  Sixteenth  U.  S.  colored  infantry  until  Oct., 
1865.  He  then  returned  to  Monmouth  and  was  graduated  in 
June,  1866;  was  pastor  at  Elmira,  111.,  Sept,  18,  i866-Ap.  i, 
'73;  was  thrown  aside  from  active  labors  by  severe  ill  health 
for  two  years;  pastor  of  Ellison,  111.,  Oct.  i,  1875-Ap.  4,  '83; 
S.  S.  Vermillion  and  Lone  Grove,  Neb.,  1885.  Publications: 
Unity  of  the  Church,  a  small  volume  published  by  the  West- 
ern Tract  Society;  The  Christian,  a  similar  volume,  pub- 
lished by  the  United  Presbyterian  Board  of  Publication. 
MONTGOMERY,  John  Knox: 

Was  born  Aug.   4,  1861,  at  Belfast,  Marshall  Co.,  Tenn,; 
was  educated  at  Indiana  State  University,  and  studied  theol- 


THE    MINISTRY.  503 

ogy  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1886,  by  Princeton  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  22,  '87,  by  Chillicothe,  as  pastor  of  Unity, 
Adams  Co.,  O. 
MONTGOMERY,  Samuel  Pattison: 

Was  born  Dec.  21,  1855,  ^^^  Bntler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edncated 
at  the  Pittsburgh  Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1886,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Dec.  21,  '86,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  at  Volga,  Clayton 
Co.,  la.,  since  ordination. 

MOORE,  James  M.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  31,  1854,  in  York,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1879,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  13,  '79,  by  Rock  Island;  S.  S.  at  Colona 
and  Pleasant  Unity,  Henry  Co.,  111.,  July  i,  i879-'8i;  pastor 
at  Ontario,  O.,  Nov.  17,  1881-June  9,  '85;  Scottdale,  Pa., 
1885- 
MOORE,  Samuel  Adams: 

Twin  brother  of  James  M. ;  was  born  in  York,  Jefferson 
Co.,  O.,  Mar.  31,  1854;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1876, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1879, 
by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  2,  '79,  by  Rock  Island; 
pastor  of  Homestead,  Rock  Island  Co,,  111.,  Dec,  1879-Ap. 
12,  '81;  Prof,  at  Iberia,  O. ;  Amity  and  Avondale,  O.,  Oct. 
24,  1884-Sept.  20,  '87. 
MOORE,  Samuel  B.  : 

Was  born  May  2,  1838,  in  Perry  Co.,  O. ;  w^as  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap.,  1870,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
4i  '73)  by  Southern  Illinois;  pastor  of  Springfield,  Randolph 
Co.,  111.,  June  4,  1873-Ap.  3,  '83;  Liberty,  Neb.,  Dec,  4, 
1884- 
MOORE,  Samuel  James  Steele: 

Was  born  May  24,  1856,  near  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated in  1877  at  Muskingum,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Nov.  9,  1880,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  20,  '81,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  of  De  Kalb  con- 
gregation, Crawford  Co.,  O.,  Sept.,  1881-July  15,  '84;  nth 
Pittsburgh,  July  28,  1885- 


504  THE    MINISTRY. 

MOORE,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  educated  and  licensed  in  the  Presbyterian  Cli.,  and 
supplied  at  Oxbow,  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.,  but  as  he  and  the 
mass  of  that  congregation  had  no  sympathy  with  the  new 
school  measures,  then  so  popular  in  central  and  western  New 
York,  he  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Washington,  Nov.  4, 
1834,  and  was  by  it  ordained  on  the  lotli  of  the  following 
Feb.,  and  continued  at  Oxbow.  In  July,  1835,  he  went  to 
Lisbon,  St,  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  to  assist  the  Rev.  J.  Beve- 
ridge  at  a  communion;  was  taken  ill  and  lingered  on  until 
the  5th  of  Dec. ,  when  he  died  and  was  buried  among  a  strange 
people. 

MOOREHEAD,  William  Gallogly,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  19,  1836,  at  Rix  Mills,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1858,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1861,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  July  i,  '62,  by  Sidney;  served  as 
missionary  in  northern  and  central  Italy  under  the  direction 
of  the  American  and  Foreign  Christian  Union  i862-'7o;  was 
pastor  of  First  Ch.,  Xenia,  Mar.,  1871-Jan.  26,  '75;  Fourth 
Ch.,  Allegheny,  Ap.  5,  1875-Jan.  18,  '76;  of  the  Third  Ch., 
Xenia,  Dec.  17,  1878-Sept.  15,  '85;  has  been  Prof  of  Biblical 
Literature  and  Greek  Criticism  in  the  Xenia  Theo.  Sem. 
since  1873.  Publications:  A  Commentary  on  one  of  the  Gos- 
pels, in  Italian;  numerous  and  extended  papers  on  the  Millen- 
nial Controversy. 

MORRIS,  Abraham  Wilson: 

Was  born  Jan.  23,  1842,  at  Service,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Aug.  26,  1874,  by 
Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '75,  by  Argyle;  has 
been  pastor  at  S.  Argyle,  Washington  Co. ,  N.  Y. ,  since  or- 
dination. He  served  as  a  private  in  the  Sixth  Iowa  regiment 
through  the  civil  war,  July,  1861-July,  1865,  and  lost  a  leg  in 
one  of  the  battles  near  Atlanta,  Ga. 

MORRISON,  George  Watson: 

Son  of  Rev.  M.  Morrison;  was  born  Sept.  18,  1861,  in 
Monmouth,  111. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1884,  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  505 

studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1886,  by  Paw- 
nee, and  ordained  Ap.  27,  '87,  by  J^e  Claire;  pastor  of  Scotch 
Grove,  la.,  from  ordination  to  Aug.  14,  '87,  and  sailed  for  the 
India  mission  in  Oct.,  '87. 

MORRISON,  Marion,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  2,  182 1,  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  li- 
censed Ap.  30,  1849,  ^y  Chillicothe  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug. 
21,  '50,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Tranquillity,  Adams  Co.,  O., 
Aug.,  1850-Ap.,  '56;  was  Prof,  of  Mathematics  in  Monmouth 
College  1856-62;  published  the  JVes/ern  United  Presbyterian 
for  several  years  in  Monmouth ;  was  Chaplain  of  the  Ninth 
Illinois  Infantry  in  the  civil  war,  Aug.,  1863-Aug. ;  '64,  pastor 
of  Fairfield,  111.,  Jan.  i,  1866-Dec.  i,  '70;  of  College  Springs, 
la.,  May  29,  1871-Aug.  30,  '76;  General  Missionary  for  the 
West  i876-'7,  planting  mission  stations  and  organizing 
churches,  principally  in  Nebraska  and  Kansas;  pastor  of  Mis- 
sion Creek  and  connections.  Neb.,  since  Aug.  28,  1878. 
Publications:  The  Life  of  the  Rev.  David  MacDill,  D.  D., 
pp.  450;  History  of  the  Ninth  Regiment  Illinois  Volunteers, 
pp.  too;  a  Sermon  in  the  Third  Volume  of  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Pulpit;  An  Address  Before  the  Students  of  Theology 
at  Monmouth. 

MORRISON,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1748  in  Scotland,  and  came  to  America  when 
a  young  man  to  obtain  an  education  for  the  ministry.  Prince- 
ton College  was  soon  afterward  closed  because  of  the  war  of 
the  revolution,  and  he  was  compelled  to  finish  his  course  under 
private  teachers.  He  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Robert  An- 
nan; was  licensed  in  1782  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York, 
and  ordained  Feb.  12,  '83,  by  the  Third  Asso.  Ref.  Pres. ; 
was  pastor  of  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  from  his  ordination  till 
his  death.  He  identified  himself  during  his  whole  ministry 
with  the  Londonderry  Pres.  through  all  its  changes.  He  was 
a  man  greatly  beloved.  The  people  of  his  charge  defrayed 
all  the  expenses  of  his  funeral,  and  erected  a  monument  with 
the  following  inscription,  which  tells  their  estimate  of  his 
worth:  "In  memory  of  the  Rev.  William  Morrison,  D.  D., 
32 


5o6  THE    MINISTRY. 

for  thirty-five  years  the  beloved  pastor  of  this  church.  From 
nature  he  inherited  an  energetic  and  capacious  mind,  with  a 
heart  of  tender  sensibility;  from  grace,  all  the  virtues  which 
adorn  the  man  and  the  Christian.  As  a  divine,  a  preacher 
and  a  pastor,  he  held  acknowledged  eminence.  "With  apos- 
tolic simplicity  and  genuine  eloquence  he  preached  Jesus 
Christ  and  Him  crucified.  He  died  in  sweet  peace  and  ani- 
mated hope  Mar.  9,  1818,  aged  seventy.  When  this  monu- 
ment, erected  by  his  mourning  flock,  shall  have  gone  to 
decay,  his  dear  memory  will  still  remain,  for  the  righteous 
shall  be  in  everlasting  remembrance." 
MORROW,  David  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1823,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  University  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford; 
was  licensed  May  11,  1854,  by  Michigan  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  20,  '57,  by  the  same;  was  installed  pastor  at  Murray 
June  20,  1857,  and  at  Warren,  Ind.,  Nov.  15,  1857;  resigned 
both  in  1863;  S.  S.  of  Roseville,  Cal.  i873-'6. 
MORROW,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  21,  1799,  in  Westmoreland  co..  Pa.;  was 
educated  at  Miami  University,  and  studied  theology  privately; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1837,  by  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Jan.  2,  1840,  by  First  Ohio  (A.  R.); 
was  pastor  of  Washington  and  Hopewell,  Southern  Illinois, 
i849-'6i,  performed  general  missionary  work,  and  retired  to 
Tildin,  Illinois,  where  he  died  Oct.  27,  1884. 
MORROW,  James  Hutchison: 

Was  born  in  Rural  Valley,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Dec.  13,  1870,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and 
ordained  July  2,  '72,  by  Detroit;  pastor  at  Yorkville,  Wis., 
June  15,  1874-June  18,  '80;  Wahoo,  Neb.  Dec.  5,  1882- 

MORROW,  Jeremiah  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Governor  Morrow ;  was  born  in  Warren  Co. ,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1831,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1834,  by  First  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  21,  '35,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Fairhaven, 
Preble  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  1835-June,  '42;  died  at  Chillicothe  July 
26,  1843,  ^'^  consumption. 


THE   MINSITRY.  507 

MORROW,  John: 

Was  born  in  March,  1840,  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  and 
reared  in  Allegheny  City;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Feb. 
27,  1872,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  30,  '73,  by 
Chartiers;  pastor  of  Taylortown,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  from 
ordination  till  June  12,  1883;  left  the  Church  June  29,  1886, 
because  of  change  in  doctrinal  views. 

MORROW,  Joseph  Armstrong: 

Brother  of  David;  was  born  Oct.  27,  1832,  in  Guernsey 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1858,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  26, 
i860,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Oct.  16, 
'62,  by  Chicago;  spent  eight  years  in  the  western  missionary 
field;  pastor  of  New  Jefferson  and  New  Market,  Harrison  Co., 
O.,  Sept.,  1870-April  20,  '85;  Greenwood  and  Kingsville, 
Mo.,  May  22,  1886- 

MORROW,  Orville  Sumner: 

Was  born  May  5,  1853,  ^^  Martinsburgh,  Knox  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Lincoln  College,  Mo.,  in  1875,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  May  6,  1879,  by  West  Mis- 
souri Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  30,  '81,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Dexter  and  Adair,  la.,  June  15,  i88i-Ap.  15,  '84;  Oskaloosa, 
la.,  since  1885. 

MORROW,  Samuel  Frame,  D.  D.,  (A.): 

Was  born  Jan.  29,  1819,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
South  Hanover  in  1836,  and  spent  several  years  teaching; 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  25,  1845, 
by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  8,  '46,  by  Albany;  was 
pastor  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  8,  1846-July,  '86.  Publica- 
tions: A  History  of  the  Associate  Ch.,  of  Albany;  The  In- 
spiration of  the  Scriptures,  a  Sermon  before  the  Albany  Bible 
Society,  1876. 

MORROW,  Thomas  Gillespie: 

Was  born  Sept.  13,  1844,  in  Rural  Valley,  Armstrong  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1865,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia  and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Dec.  26,  1867, 
by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  14,   '69,  by  the  same; 


5o8  THE   MINISTRY. 

pastor  of  Henderson,  111.,  Ap.  1869-Feb.  6,  '72;  of  Wenona, 
111.,  Oct.  12,  1872-Ap.  12,  '81;  Paxton,  111.,  Oct.  25,  1881- 

MORROW,  William: 

Brother  to  David;  was  born  Aug.  5,  1834,  in  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Antrim  College,  O. ,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1861,  by  Muskin- 
gum Pres.,  and  ordained  July  14,  '63,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Salem  111.,  i865-'7;  was  Superintendent  of  public 
schools  at  Chenoa,  111.,  four  years,  and  at  Piper  City  for  two 
years;  was  S.  S.  at  Piper  City,  Ford  Co.,  Ill,,  1877-82;  in 
Ap.  1882  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  Bloom, 
111. 
MULLIGAN,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  Oct.  21,  1819,  by  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  New 
York  as  a  probationer  from  the  Pres.  of  Down,  Ireland,  and 
was  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  in  June,  '21,  by  the  same.  He  went 
with  his  Presbytery  into  the  union  of  1822,  devoted  himself 
to  the  work  of  education,  and  was  long  known  as  an  eminent 
teacher  in  New  York  city. 

MUNFORD,  Andrew  Robert: 

Was  born  Oct.  8,  1849,  near  Sparta,  Randolph  Co.,  111.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1876,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1880,  by  Southern  Illinois  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  12,  '82,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  of  Aller- 
ton  and  Jefferson,  Wayne  Co.,  la.,  June  2,  1882-Oct.  19,  '86; 
Unity,  la.,  Nov.  16,  1886- 
MURCH,  Chauncey: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James  C. ;  was  born  Jan.  i,  1856,  at  W. 
Alexander,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Muskin- 
gum in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1882,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  7,  '82,  by  Wabash;  pastor  of  Salem,  Boone  Co.,  Ind., 
Oct.,  1882-Aug.  22,  '83;  sailed  for  the  foreign  field  in  Oct., 
1883,  and  is  located  at  Luxor,  in  Egypt. 

MURCH,  Frank  Bell: 

Son  of  Rev.  James  C. ;  was  born  June  6,  i860,  at  New  Con- 
cord, O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1882,  and  studied 
theolog}'  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  i^ 


THE    MINISTRY.  509 

by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan,  11,  1887,  by  Delaware; 
pastor  of  Stamford,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

MURCH,  James  C.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  20,  1820,  at  Sandgate,  Vt. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Dennison  University,  Granville,  O.,  in  1846,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  29,  1850, 
by  Chartiers  Pres,,  and  ordained  Nov.  7,  '51,  by  Southern  In- 
diana; was  pastor  of  West  Alexander,  Pa.,  Sept.  5,  i853-'9; 
New  Concord,  O.,  Feb.,  1860-Feb,,  '76;  of  Scotch  Ridge, 
Wood  Co.,  O.,  Jan,  15,  1879,  until  his  death,  May  27,  1879. 

MURDOCH,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  181 3  at  Barnamoghery,  county  Down,  Ire- 
land; received  his  collegiate  and  theological  education  at  Bel- 
fast; was  for  a  short  time  pastor  at  Dromara,  and  then  sus- 
pended for  drunkenness;  came  to  America  and  was  restored 
to  the  ministry  in  Jan.,  1856,  by  the  Pres,  of  New  York.  He 
preached  for  some  time  in  the  vacancies,  and  then  returned 
to  his  old  vice,  was  again  suspended  from  the  ministry,  and 
died  from  and  under  the  effects  of  strong  drink. 

MURPHY,  D, : 

Was  received  in  Ap.,  i860,  from  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  (N. 
S,)  by  the  Pres.  of  Detroit.  He  labored  more  or  less  in  the 
active  duties  of  the  ministry  within  the  bounds  of  the  Presby- 
tery until  1870,  when  he  passed  from  the  church. 

MURRAY,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1776  in  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson. 
He  was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1809,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained July  10,  'it,  by  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  Mountville  and 
Slippery  Rock,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination  until  his 
death,  June  15,  1846,  from  diabetes.  During  these  thirty- 
five  years  he  was  prevented  but  five  Sabbaths  from  perform- 
ing his  ministerial  duties.  He  was  faithful,  laborious  and 
amicable. 

MURRAY,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  3,  1801,  near  Rochester,  N.  Y, ;  was  aca- 
demically educated,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed   in  Aug.,   1842,  by  Allegheny  Pres,,  and  ordained 


5IO  THE   MINISTRY. 

Sept.  20,  '43,  by  Chartiers;  was  pastor  of  Ohio  congregation, 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  1843-Ap.  18,  '54;  of  Black  Creek,  Sullivan 
Co.,  Ind.,  1 854-' 6;  of  Oakland,  Venango  Co.,  and  Kerr's 
Ridge,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  June  i,  1858,  until  his  death.  He 
was  somewhat  indisposed  when  Synod,  at  Allegheny  City, 
adjourned  on  Wednesday,  and  he  reached  Freeport,  where  he 
rapidly  sank  and  died  on  the  next  Sabbath,  the  8th  of  Oct., 
i860. 

MURRAY,  George  Reed: 

Great-grandson  of  the  Rev.  John  Murray;  was  born  June 
25,  1845,  i^  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  West- 
minster in  187 1,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh  and 
Princeton;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1874,  by  First  New  York 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  11,  '76,  by  Des  Moines;  was  pastor 
at  Centreville,  Appanoose  Co.,  la.,  1876-Sept.  24,  '79;  at 
Fairview,  Saline  Co.,  Neb.,  since  Oct.  18,  il 


MURRAY,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1748  at  Lockerbie,  in  the  Valley  of  the 
Annan,  Dumfriesshire,  Scotland,  where  his  father,  the  Rev. 
George  Murray,  was  pastor  of  an  Associate  (Anti-burgher) 
congregation;  he  was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and 
studied  theology  in  the  Associate  Hall  at  Alloa;  was  licensed 
in  the  summer  of  1773  by  the  Presbytery  of  Sanquehar;  on 
the  2d  of  the  following  Sept.  was  appointed  to  go  to  America, 
and  before  the  month  was  out,  sailed  from  Glasgow  as  the 
companion  of  William  Logan.  He  was  ordained,  sine  titulo^ 
Ap.  17,  1776,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania;  was  pastor 
of  Marsh  Creek,  Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  2,  1777,  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  in  the  summer  of  1785.  His  only  son, 
George  Murray,  was  for  many  years  a  leading  elder  in  the 
Chartiers  congregation  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. 

MUSH  AT,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1807,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson  at 
Service;  was  licensed  Sept.  20,  1809,  by  Cambridge  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  18,  '11,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Virgin 
Springs,  N.  C. ,  i8i2-'25.  A  pulmonary  attack  compelled 
him  for  a  time  to  give  up  the  active  duties  of  the  ministry. 


THE   MINISTRY.  5 II 

and  in  1827  ^^  became  a  justice  of  the  peace,  joined  the  Free 
Masons,  and  finally  became  a  licensed  lawyer.  The  Presby- 
ter}' dealt  with  him  several  times,  and  finally  in  1831  deposed 
him  from  the  ministry  for  his  "connection  with  the  Masonic 
Society,"  for  his  "contempt  of  the  judicatories  of  the 
church,"  and  for  "his  desertion  of  the  holy  ministry."  He 
became  decidedly  skeptical  in  his  religious  belief. 

MUSTARD,  David  French: 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1842,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Dec.  26,  1871,  by  Monongahela 
Pres. ,  and  ordained  Oct.  8,  '72,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of  New 
Bethlehem,  Pa.,  1872-Jan.  12,  '75;  of  Mount  Ayr,  la.,  June 
6,  1875-Ap.  4,  ''']']\  at  Sunbeam,  111.,  Nov.  13,  1877-Dec.  15, 
'84;  Connellsville,  Pa.,  June  9,  1885-July  i,  '86;  Walton, 
Kan.,  since  Mar.,  1887. 

MYERS,  James  Alexander: 

Was  born  Ap.  13,  1829,  in  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  N.  C. ;  was 
graduated  at  Erskine  College,  S.  C,  in  1857,  and  studied 
theology  at  Due  West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  in  1859,  by  2d 
Pres.  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South,  and  ordained  in 
1864,  by  the  same;  after  two  or  three  pastorates  in  this  Synod 
joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  March,  1886,  and 
is  S.  S.  of  Union,  in  Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn. 

NASH,  John  Holuday,  (A.): 

Was  born  Feb.  25,  1830,  in  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Washington  in  1849,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  June,  1853,  ^ly  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Monmouth, 
and  ordained  Oct.  10,  '57,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Le  Claire, 
la.,  Oct.,  1857-Ap.,  '60;  at  Sunbeam,  111.,  Jan.  i,  i86i-Oct., 
'76;  at  Knoxville,  la.,  Ap.,  1877-Oct.,  '78;  East  Union  and 
Pleasant  Hill,  O.,  Aug.  21,  1883- 
NEIL,  John(A.  R.):* 

Was  born  in  1804  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  brought 
in  his  childhood  by  his  parents  to  this  country,  and  was  reared 
in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in 
1834,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
14,  1836,  by  the  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  4, 


512  THE   MINISTRY. 

'38,  by  the  Lake;  was  installed  in  1838  as  pastor  of  Mt.  Jack- 
son, Centre  and  Mahoning;  was  released  from  Mahoning  in 
1843,  ^"^  from  Centre  in  '57,  and  from  Mt.  Jackson  in  Mar. 
i860,  and  died  in  this  last  place  July  27,  1862,  from  paral- 
ysis. 

NEIL,  William*: 

Was  born  about  1800  in  Ireland;  was  educated  at  Franklin 
and  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  Alexander  McCoy  of 
W.  Va. ;  was  licensed  May  13,  1829,  ^Y  ^^^^  Reformed  Dis- 
senting Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  19,  '31,  by  the  same;  ac- 
cepted a  call  Oct.  18,  1831,  from  Three  Ridges,  Short  Creek, 
Forks  of  Wheeling  and  Miller's  Run,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
and  West  Va. ;  was  for  a  number  of  years  pastor,  after  which 
he  joined  the  Reformed  Pres.  Ch.,  and  then  the  Associate 
Pres.  of  Chartiers  on  the  5th  of  Sept.,  1849;  retired  soon 
afterward  from  the  active  duties  of  the  ministry,  and  died 
about  i860-' 5.  He  was  a  man  of  most  excellent  mind  and 
theological  culture,  but  very  unattractive  as  a  speaker.  He 
was  the  theological  preceptor  of  Dr.  Davidson  and  others. 

NELSON,  John  Anderson*: 

Was  born  Oct.  16,  1842,  at  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Mar.  30,  1869,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
9,  '72,  by  Westmoreland;  was  pastor  at  Mt.  Pleasant  and 
Madison,  in  Westmoreland  Pres.,  Ap.  1872-July  31,  '75;  S. 
S.  at  Topeka,  Kan.,  1876-7;  pastor  at  Lawrence,  Kan.,  Oct. 
9,  1877-Ap.  2,  '84;  of  Mumford,  N.  Y.,  May,  1884,  till  his 
death,  Nov.  8,  1884. 

NESBIT,  Archibald  (A.): 

Was  born,  educated,  licensed  and  ordained  in  Scotland. 
On  coming  to  this  country  he  joined  the  Associate  Pres.,  of 
New  York,  of  the  Stark  and  Blair  connection,  and  in  1852 
was  received  therefrom  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres. ,  of  Spring- 
field; was  S.  S.  for  a  year  at  Yellow  Springs,  Greene  Co.,  O. ; 
and  pastor  in  Chicago,  111.,  i854-'7,  when  he  and  a  majority 
of  the  congregation  seceded  from  the  church.  He  subse- 
quently returned  to  Scotland  and  joined  the  Kirk. 


THE   MINISTRY.  513 

NESBIT,  Robert  Bryson*: 

Was  born  June  21,  1850,  at  Cedarville,  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1874,  by  First 
New  York,  and  ordained  Oct.  13,  '75,  by  Bloomington;  was 
pastor  at  Low  Point,  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  Oct.,  1875-Sept.  15, 
'80;  died  of  typhoid  fever  Oct.  14,  i88t,  at  Cedarville,  O. 

NESBIT,  William  |(A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1794  or  1795  in  eastern  Pennsylvania;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  in  1816,  and  studied  theology  in 
New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  Aug.  8,  1820,  by 
Big  Spring  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan,  2,  '23,  at  Stamford,  N. 
Y. ,  by  Saratoga  Pres. ,  and  installed  a  few  days  afterward  as 
pastor  of  Seneca  congregation,  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.  He  fell 
into  intemperate  habits,  and  was  suspended  from  ministerial 
duties  in  1831  by  the  Caledonia  Pres.  On  the  8th  of  Nov., 
1832,  his  pastoral  relation  was  dissolved  at  his  own  request, 
and  at  the  same  time  he  was  restored  to  the  ministry.  He 
continued  to  supply  his  old  congregation  until  the  early  part 
of  1834,  when  he  was  again  suspended  for  drunkenness,  but 
he  appealed  to  the  Synod  of  New  York,  which  met  in  New- 
burgh on  the  29th  of  Aug. ,  and  his  appeal  was  sustained  by 
a  majority  of  tzvo^  and  he  was  restored.  On  his  return  he  left 
the  stage-coach  at  Geneva,  within  six  miles  of  his  home,  and 
while  awaiting  the  means  of  transportation  died  suddenly  and 
alone  in  the  hotel. 

NEVIN,  Joseph  C.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  6,  1835,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Dec.  29,  1858,  by  Monongahela  Pres. ;  was  ap- 
pointed by  the  First  General  Assembly  at  its  meeting  in 
Xenia  as  missionary  to  China,  and  was  ordained  accordingly 
Sept.  30,  1859,  by  Monongahela,  and  sailed  on  the  17th  of 
Dec,  and  arrived  at  Canton,  China,  on  the  nth  of  June,  i860. 
He  located  in  Canton  and  labored  there  until  Oct.,  1877, 
when  the  mission  was  abandoned  and  he  was  sent  to  labor 
among  the  Chinese  at  Los  Angeles,  Cal. ,  which  is  his  present 
field. 


514  THE   MINISTRY. 

NEVIN,  William  Gustavus: 

Was  born  May  28,  1848,  in  Hopewell  township,  Beaver  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  in  May,  1871,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  5,  '72,  by  Butler;  was  pastor  at  Parker  City,  Arm- 
strong Co.,  June,  1872-Ap,  15,  '73;  New  Lisbon,  Columbiana 
Co.,  O.,  Nov.  3,  1873-Aug.  30,  '75;  S.  S.  at  McDonald, 
Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  1876-7;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  is  pastor  at  Sharon,  Pa. 

NIBLOCK,  Isaiah,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1794  in  county  Monaghan,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Secession  Hall 
in  Glasgow  with  Dr.  John  Dick;  was  licensed  by  the  Burgher 
Pres.  of  Monaghan  in  1817;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1818,  and  was 
ordained  Nov.  17,  '19,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Mononga- 
hela;  was  pastor  of  Butler  (with  White  Oak  Springs  till  1836), 
Pa.,  Nov.  17,  1819,  till  his  death  June  29,  1864,  from  decay 
of  vital  powers.  Publication:  A  Fast  Day  Sermon  in  1832, 
because  of  the  cholera. 

NIBLOCK,  John  Howard: 

Son  of  Dr.  Isaiah;  was  born  in  Butler,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1864,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  12,  '65,  by  Wisconsin;  was  pastor  at  Oshkosh,  Wis., 
Oct.,  1865-Mar.,  '77;  pastor  of  Second  Ch.,  Cedar  Rapids,  la., 
June  15,  i88o-Ap.  i,  '87.  Was  also  Prof  of  Natural  Sciences 
in  the  Collegiate  Institute  of  Cedar  Rapids. 

NICHOL,  Alvin  Mitchell*: 

Was  born  Mar.  13,  1846,  near  Fairview,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny  and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1873,  by 
Rock  Island  Pres.,  and,  being  appointed  to  the  foreign  field, 
was  ordained  Mar.  24,  '74,  by  the  same.  He  sailed  A  p.  18, 
1874,  for  Egypt,  and  labored  in  that  country,  principally  at 
Mansurah,  until  failure  of  health  compelled  him  to  return  in 
1885;  died  July  20,  1887. 

NICOLL,  David: 

Was  born  Feb.   22,  1841,  in  Andes,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 


THE   MINISTRY.  515 

was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  June  18,  1868,  by  Delaware  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  17,  '69,  by  he  Claire;  was  pastor  of  De 
Witt  (and  Elvira,  until  June  12,  '72),  Clinton  Co.,  la.,  from 
ordination  till  Aug.  27,  '84;  S.  S.  Battle  Creek,  la.,  1885. 
NIVEN,  Duncan  Campbell  (A.  R.): 

Was  bom  Feb.  18,  1829,  ^^  Bloomingburg,  Sullivan  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  academically  educated  and  studied  law.  After 
practicing  law  a  number  of  years  he  studied  theology  privately 
with  the  Rev.  Dr.  James  Harper  and  James  Thompson  in 
New  York  city,  and  was  licensed  in  Mar.,  1859,  by  the  Asso. 
Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained  in  June  of  the  same  year  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Saratoga;  was  pastor  of  Andes,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  June,  1859-Dec.  i,  '61;  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.,  and  is  at  Highland,  N.  Y. 
NORWOOD,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  Ap.  21,  1824,  ^Y  ^^^  Pres.  of  Monongahela  as 
a  probationer  from  the  United  Secession  Pres.  of  Armagh, 
Ireland;  was  ordained  in  Ap.,  1826,  by  Monongahela;  was 
pastor  of  Mahoning,  Mt.  Jackson  and  Slippery  Rock,  Ap., 
1826-Oct.  16,  '33.  In  June,  1838,  he  left  the  church. 
OBURN,  William  (A.): 

Studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  1846  by 
Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained,  si;ie  titulo^  Aug.  10,  1847, 
by  the  same.  He  labored  in  the  missionary  field,  particularly 
in  Illinois  and  Iowa;  declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858, 
and  continued  on  laboring  under  the  care  of  the  residuary 
Synod.  He  retired  from  the  active  duties  of  the  ministry  and 
resides  at  Galion,  O. 
OLDHAM,  Moses  McQuarter  (A.)*: 

Was  born  at  Cambridge,  O.,  Aug.  27,  1817;  was  educated 
at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  Elijah  Mc- 
Coy; was  licensed  in  May,  1844,  by  the  Ref  Dis.  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec,  '47,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Salt  Fork 
1847-Oct.,  '52;  united  with  the  Associate  Synod  and  came 
into  the  union  of  1858.  His  health  was  long  infirm,  and  for 
many  years  he  was  not  actively  engaged  in  the  ministry.  He 
resided  at  Springfield,  O.,  but  died  Oct.  27,  1883,  at  New  Or- 
leans, La. 


5l6  THE   MINISTRY. 

OLIVER,  Andrew  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  31,  1762,  in  Roxburghshire,  Scotland,  and 
attended  a  classical  school  in  the  north  of  England:  at  four- 
teen he  united  with  the  church,  and  in  1786  married  Eliza- 
beth Ormiston  and  came  to  this  country,  and  after  living  two 
years  at  Saco,  Me,,  came  to  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  where  he 
was  induced  by  the  Rev.  William  Morrison  to  study  under 
his  direction  for  the  ministry.  He  was  licensed  in  1792  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Londonderry,  and  ordained  by  the 
same  in  '93;  was  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  at  Pelham, 
Mass. ,  for  ten  years,  before  the  termination  of  which  the  Lon- 
donderry Pres.  had  become  detached  from  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch. , 
and  was  in  a  state  of  independency  previous  to  its  union  with 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1809.  In  1804  he  visited  New  York 
and  was^received  as  a  member  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Cambridge, 
and  for  a  few  months  took  appointments  from  it,  but  soon 
afterwards  returned  to  Massachusetts.  In  1806  he  visited 
Springfield,  Otsego  Co. ,  N,  Y. ,  and  organized  a  congregation 
in  connection  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  Here  he  remained 
as  pastor  until  1827  or  1828,  when  an  unhappy  division  arose, 
caused  by  persons  who  did  not  relish  his  Calvinistic  doctrines. 
He  then  joined  the  Saratoga  Pres.  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  and 
organized  another  congregation  under  its  auspices,  and  min- 
istered to  it  as  pastor  until  his  death,  on  the  24th  of  Mar., 
1833,  K^  was  a  man  very  much  beloved,  and  often  moved 
his  hearers  to  tears. 

OLIVER,  Robert  W.,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  the  son  of  an  Irish  officer  in  the  British  army,  and  was 
bom  in  Scotland,  but  reared  by  his  widowed  mother  in  Ire- 
land, where  he  received  a  fair  academic  education.  When  not 
over  eighteen  and  while  an  ensign  in  the  ist  Royal  Regiment, 
he  was  sent  out  by  the  government  as  school  teacher  in  the 
barracks  at  Quebec  for  the  benefit  of  the  soldiers'  families. 
He  was  soon  transferred  to  the  barracks  at  Montreal,  and 
while  there  aided  in  the  famous  escape  of  Maria  Monk  from 
one  of  the  nunneries  of  that  city;  was  in  active  service  and 
severely  wounded  during  the  Canadian  Rebellion;  resigned 
his  government  situation  and  came  to  Pittsburgh ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Western  University,  and  studied  theology  at  AUe- 


THE    MINISTRY.  517 

gheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1843,  ^Y  IMonongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  26,  '44,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Bear  Creek, 
Lawrenceburg  and  Mt.  Vernon  1844-Ang.  20,  '45;  of  Bethel, 
Beulah  and  Mahoning,  Nov.  10,  1846-Aug.  9,  '53;  of  Second 
Asso.  Ref.  (now  Fourth  United  Presbyterian),  Philadelphia, 
Nov.  13,  1853-Aug.  29,  '54.  He  then  joined  the  Episcopal 
Ch.,  and  after  holding  several  parishes  became  Theological 
Professor  in  the  Diocesan  Institute  of  Nebraska,  Nebraska 
City,  and  is  now  in  Omaha. 
ORMOND,  Benjamin  Kelso,  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  George  K. ;  was  born  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1852,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1855,  by  Mononga- 
hela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  9,  '58,  by  Lawrence;  pastor  at 
Sharon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1858-Dec.  28,  '80;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  in  1881,  and  is  in  Toledo,  O. 

ORMOND,  George  Kelso,  D.  D.,  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Union 
in  1848,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh  and  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1850,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  13,  '52,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Birmingham, 
near  Pittsburgh,  Ap.,  1852-June  22,  '58;  of  Youngstown  and 
Warren,  Mahoning  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  3,  i86i-Feb.  i,  '70;  of 
Mansfield,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  27,  1870-Dec.  30,  '73; 
of  Temperanceville,  near  Pittsburgh,  April  21,  1874-Sept. 
25,  '83,  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch, 

ORMOND,  Marcus*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  George  K. ;  was  born  about  1830  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Frankin  in  1855,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1858,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  22,  '59,  by  Allegheny; 
pastor  of  Hookstown  and  Tumblinson  Run,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa., 
Aug.,  1 859-' 67;  Oxford,  O.,  1867-Oct.  12,  '71;  West  Alexan- 
der, Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  June  11,  1872-Oct.  12,  '76;  in  the 
civil  war  he  entered  the  army  as  a  private,  rose  to  be  captain, 
and  was  then  made  chaplain.     Died  suddenly,  Nov.  25,  1881. 

ORR,  Alexander  Henderson: 

Was  born  Sept.  24,  1846,  near  Evansburg,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.; 


5l8  THE    MINISTRY. 

was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1874,  by  Chartiers  Pres. ,  and 
ordained  Sept.  7,  '75,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  at  New  Bethle- 
hem, Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination  until  Sept.  21,  '80; 
Huntsville,  O.,  Jan.  17,  1882- 

ORR,  James  Murdoch*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  Alex.  Porter;  was  born  Mar.  31, 
1838,  near  Fairhaven,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  li- 
censed Ap.  I,  1862,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar. 
TO,  '64,  by  Argyle;  pastor  of  East  Greenwich,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  ordination  till  death,  Ap.  18,  1865. 
OSBORNE,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1813  near  Stewartsville,  Westmoreland  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1832,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1835,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  26,  '36,  by  the  same; 
was  installed  at  ordination  pastor  of  Turtle  Creek  and  Bethel, 
in  Westmoreland  Co. ;  was  released  from  the  Bethel  branch  in 
'47,  and  died  Oct.  31,  1851. 
OTTERSON,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  11,  1791,  in  New  York  city;  was  educated 
at  Columbia  College,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York 
under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  1820  by  the  Pres,  of  New 
York,  and  ordained  Sept.  12,  '21,  by  Saratoga;  was  pastor  at 
Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  182 1-' 27;  joined  the  Ref. 
Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Oyster  Bay  and  Hempstead 
1827-34;  at  Freehold,  N.  J.,  1835-8;  at  Rockaway,  N.  J., 
i84o-'5;  entered  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and  was  pastor  at 
Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  1845-52;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  again, 
Oct.  7,  1853,  and  supplied  principally  in  the  Boston  Pres. 
until  the  autumn  of  '55,  when  he  returned  to  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  was  for  some  years  pastor  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  and 
died  Sept.  17,  1867.     A  man  of  very  considerable  power. 

OWENS,  William  Steele,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  July  25,  1842,  in  Clough,  county  Down,  Ireland; 
served  nine  months  in  the  army;  was  graduated  at  Westmin- 
ster in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 


THE   MINISTRY.  519 

Ap.  21,  1868,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  18, 
'69,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  the  North  Ch.,  Philadel- 
phia, 1869-Aug.  15,  '71;  at  Indiana,  Pa.,  Nov.  10,  1871-June 
26,  '-]-];  at  Steubenville,  O.,  Sept.  21,  i877-'86;  Sec.  of  Board 
of  Domestic  Missions  since  1885. 

PALMER,  James  D.  : 

Was  born  in  1848,  at  Cambridge,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  May  12,  1874,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  23,  '76,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Barlow,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  O.,  Aug.  23,  1876-Ap.  15,  '84;  Alexis,  111.,  Dec. 
30,  '84. 
PARK,  Robert  Henry: 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  1849,  near  Letterkenny,  county  Done- 
gal, Ireland;  was  educated  at  the  National  Normal  School, 
and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1878,  by 
Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  29,  '78,  by  the  same;  pastor 
at  Reynoldsburg,  O.,  Oct.  29,  1878-Aug.  26,  '84;  West  Union 
and  Pine  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  May  12,  1885- 

PARK,  Thomas: 

Was  born  Ap.  16,  1845,  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  Ap.  17,  1877,  by  Cedar  Rapids,  and  ordained  May 
14,  '78,  by  Delaware;  has  been  pastor  at  De  L,anoey,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

PARKS,  Hugh  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  28,  1808,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1826,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  May  26,  1830,  by  Second  Ohio,  and  ordained  Ap.  26, 
'32,  by  the  same;  was  installed  pastor  of  Yellow  Creek  and  St. 
Clairsville,  O.,  Ap.,  1832,  and  in  Ap.,  '37,  resigned  Yellow 
Creek  and  accepted  Moorefield.  In  1840  he  resigned  St. 
Clairsville  and  in  '56  Moorefield;  pastor  of  Buchanan  Hill 
1856-61;  supplied  for  a  few  years  as  health  permitted,  and 
then  resided  without  charge  at  St.  Clairsville,  O.,  until  his 
death,  Jan.  6,  1882. 
PATTERSON,  David  J. : 

Was  born  Oct.    19,  1811,  near  Pointpass,  county  Armagh, 


520  THE   MINISTRY. 

Ireland,  and  was  brought  by  his  parents  in  1818  to  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1835,  and  studied  theology  in  the  Ref.  Pres.  Sem.  in  Phil- 
adelphia; was  tutor  under  Dr.  S.  W.  Crawford  in  the  Univer- 
sity Academy  1836-46;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1846,  by 
the  Philadelphia  Pres.  (Ref.  Pres.),  and  ordained  in  Ap.,  48, 
by  the  Northern  Pres.  (Ref.  Pres.);  and  installed  over  the  ist 
Ref.  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  which  he  had 
gathered  during  the  previous  three  months.  In  July,  1858,  he 
joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  some  60  of  his  mem- 
bers insisted  upon  doing  the  same,  and  were  organized  Sept. 
8,  1858,  as  the  2d  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Brooklyn,  and 
in  Feb.,  1859,  ^^  "^^^  installed  as  its  pastor,  and  has  so  con- 
tinued. 
PATTERSON,  James,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  July  15,  1812,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  July  2,  1834,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
13,  '37,  by  Ohio;  was  pastor  at  Scroggsfield  and  Yellow  Creek, 
O.,  Sept.,  i837-'54;  was  Pres.  of  Westminster  College  1854- 
'66;  Pres.  of  "Ohio  Central  College."  at  Iberia,  for  one  year; 
pastor  of  Living  Lake,  near  Washington,  la.,  from  1868  until 
his  death,  Sept.  23,  1872. 

PATTERSON,  John  (A.): 

Was  born  June  i,  1822,  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Frank- 
lin in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
in  June,  1854,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  5,  '55, 
by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Londonerry,  O.,  July,  1855-Ap.  '67; 
at  Peter's  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  16,  1867-Ap.  30, 
'72;  was  installed  Aug.  25,  '74,  as  pastor  of  Mountville  and 
Camp  Run,  Lawrence  Co. ;  resigned  the  latter  Ap.  10,  '79,  and 
the  former  Ap.  11,  '82;  of  Oakland  for  one-half  time  Oct.  27, 
1881.  At  Cadiz  in  Feb.,  1858,  he  and  the  Rev.  J.  S.  ]\Ic- 
Cready  engaged  in  a  four  days'  discussion  with  two  Univer- 
salist  ministers  upon  the  question:  "Do  the  Scriptures  Teach 
the  Ultimate  Holiness  and  Salvation  of  all  Mankind?" 

PATTERSON,  John  Fulton,  M.  D.*: 

Was  born  JMay  27,  1842,  in  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  was  academically 


THE   MINISTRY.  521 

educated,  and  graduated  in  the  medical  department  of  Penn- 
sylvania University  in  1865;  was  ordained  a  ruling  elder  in 
Oxford,  Pa.,  in  1866;  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Prince- 
ton; was  appointed  in  Mar.,  1872,  as  missionary  at  Damascus, 
in  Syria,  in  view  of  which  he  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  '72,  by 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  26  following,  by  the 
same.  He  returned  from  Syria  in  1877,  on  account  of  his 
health,  and  resided  in  Xenia,  O.,  until  his  death.  Mar.  23, 
1882. 

PATTERSON,  Matthew  Brown: 

Was  born  Nov.  11,  1855,  in  P'ayette  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminister  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  15,  1885,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  5,  '87,  by  Butler;  pastor  of  Harlansburg  and  Slippery 
Rock,  Lawrence  and  Butler  counties.  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

PATTERSON,  Matthew  McKinstry: 

Was  born  Dec.  3,  1845,  ^^  Elizabeth,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  June  17,  1874,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  15,  '75,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Puckety  and  Allegheny 
June  15,  1875-Dec.  18,  '83;  Wilkinsburg,  Pa.,  Mar.  18,  1884- 

PATTERSON,  Phiup  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  3,  1849,  ^^^^  Etna,  Fairfield  Co.,  O. ;  was 
educated  at  Monmouth  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1877, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Feb.  15,  '78, 
by  Wisconsin;  pastor  at  Concordia,  Kan.,  Dec.  3,  1879-Oct. 
II,  '82. 

PATTERSON,  Richard  Miller: 

Was  born  May  15,  1832,  near  Noblestown,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  i860,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
II,  '61,  by  the  same;  installed  at  ordination  over  Brownsdale 
and  Union;  resigned  the  former  in  Oct.,  '64,  and  the  latter  in 
Sept.,  '67;  pastor  at  Troy  and  Southfield,  in  Mich.,  Oct.  15, 
1868-N0V.  29,  '70;  of  Peter's  Creek,  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
Feb.  6,  1873-Ap.  12,  '82;  was  Superintendent  of  the  Freed- 
men's  School,  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  i866-'7. 


522  THE    MINISTRY. 

PATTERSON,  Samuel  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  i8,  1819,  in  county  Derry,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Duquesne  College  in  1845,  ^^^*^  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1848,  by  Monongahela 
Pres. ,  and  ordained  Sept.  25,  1849,  ^Y  ^^^^  same;  installed  at 
ordination  over  Rocky  Spring,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  and  East 
Palestine,  O. ;  demitted  the  latter  in  1855,  and  still  pastor  ot 
the  former. 
PATTERSON,  Thomas  Proudfit: 

Was  born  Ap.  i,  1832,  at  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Madison,  Antrim,  O.,  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Al- 
legheny; was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1862,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  28,  '64,  by  Monmouth;  was  pastor  of 
Spring  Grove,  III.,  Oct.,  1864-Dec.  26,  '68;  Laurel  Hill, 
Westmoreland  Pres.,  June  21,  1870-Sept.  4,  '77;  pastor  of 
Bethel  and  connections,  in  Conemaugh  Pres.,  since  June  5, 
1879. 
PATTISON,  Alexander  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1806,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  Antrim  Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  June  15,  1842,  by  Second  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  titiilo^  June  19,  '44,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  New  Lon- 
don and  Middletown,  in  Iowa,  Jan.,  i850-'6o;  both  before 
and  after  this  pastorate  he  labored  in  the  missionary  field  and 
organized  seventeen  congregations  in  Iowa.  He  is  now  in- 
firm, and  resides  in  Birmingham,  la. 

PATTISON,  John*: 

Was  born  Dec.  27,  1840,  near  Sparta,  111. ;  spent  his  youth 
mainly  in  Oregon,  and  served  one  year  in  the  army;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  28,  1872,  by 
Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  20,  ''^']^  by  Des  Moines; 
pastor  of  Adams,  la.,  June,  1877-June  25,  '79;  Albia  and  Ser- 
vice, la.,  Oct.  18,  i88o-Ap.  15,  '84;  Coin,  la.,  Sept.  22,  1884, 
till  death,  Jan.  30,  1887. 

PATTON,  Andrew  (A.)*: 

Was  received  Oct.  28,  1774,  in  the  city  of  New  York,  by 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  as  a  probationer  for  the  min- 


THE   MINISTRY.  523 

istry,  upon  credentials  from  the  Pres.  of  Moira,  in  Ireland, 
and  supplied  the  churches  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  during  the 
winter,  and  in  Adams  and  Cumberland  counties.  Pa.,  during 
the  summer  of  1775,  and  in  New  York,  Schenectady  and 
Cambridge  the  following  winter.  On  the  3d  of  May,  '76,  he 
was  ordained,  sine  iitulo^  at  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Pennsylvania.  The  Pres.  on  the  20th  of  May,  '76, 
resolved  to  divide,  and  Mr.  Patton  was  assigned  to  the  new 
Pres.  of  New  York.  On  the  7th  of  May,  '''^^^  he  was  received 
back  by  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  and  sent  to  supply  in  Vir- 
ginia and  the  Carolinas.  On  the  i6th  of  Ap.,  '78,  he  was 
prudentially  and  temporarily  suspended  from  the  ministry. 
Having  neglected  repeated  citations  to  return  and  clear  his 
character,  the  Pres.,  Ap.  4,  1781,  deposed  him  from  the  min- 
istry and  excommunicated  him  with  the  higher  sentence  of 
excommunication,  because  "he  has  finally  apostatized  from 
his  profession  and  fallen  into  open  profanity,"  etc.  He  be- 
came excessively  and  shamefully  wicked. 

PATTON,  George,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Dec.  24,  1828,  in  Ireland,  and  brought  to  Phila- 
delphia when  only  two  years  old;  was  graduated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh;  was  licensed  in  May,  1855,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  in  June,  '56,  by  Caledonia;  was  pastor  at  Seneca, 
Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i856-'7i,  and  has  been  pastor  of  the 
Third  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  since  1871.  In 
Mar.,  1859,  he  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 

PATTON,  Robert  Braden: 

Was  born  Sept.  13,  1854,  near  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Wooster  University  in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at  Prince- 
ton, with  a  post-graduate  course  in  the  University  of  Berlin, 
Germany;  was  licensed  Jan.  15,  1884,  by  Philadelphia  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  17,  '86,  by  Muskingum;  pastor  at  Jona- 
than's Creek,  Perry  Co.,  O.,  Aug.  17,  1886-Sept.  6,  '87;  Co- 
lumbus, O.,  S.  S.  since  Oct.,  '87. 
PATTON,  Samuee(A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1830  near  New  Athens,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1849,  ^'^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 


524  THE   MINISTRY. 

licensed  Oct.  21,  '52,  by  Muskingum  Pres. ,  and  ordained 
Dec.  16,  '53,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Cadiz,  O. ,  Dec, 
1853-July  12,  '54;  was  installed  Dec.  29,  1854,  in  Detroit, 
Mich.,  and  died  while  on  a  visit  at  his  father's  house,  Nov., 
15,  1857,  of  pneumonia. 

PATTON,  William  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1820  at  Cedar  Springs,  Abbeville  District, 
S.  C. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  University  in  1842,  and 
studied  theology  at  Due  West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  by  the 
Second  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  by  the  Pres.  of 
Georgia;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  Ap.  10,  1849; 
received  a  call,  and  was  about  settling  in  St.  Louis,  when  he 
was  attacked  with  cholera  and  died  in  Sept.,  1849. 

PAUL,  David,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  22,  1827,  i^^  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford  one 
winter;  was  Prof,  of  Languages  for  a  year  at  "Geneva  Hall," 
Northwood,  Logan  Co. ,  O. ,  during  which  time  he  continued 
the  study  of  theology  with  the  Ref.  Presbyterian  students 
under  their  Prof.,  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Johnston,  D.  D.,  and  then 
spent  one  winter  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  9,  1852,  by 
Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  13,  '53,  by  Mononga- 
hela;  was  pastor  at  Canonsburg  Dec,  1853-Dec  25,  '55;  re- 
ceived a  call,  and  was  acting  pastor  of  Mansfield,  O.,  although 
never  formally  installed,  Ap.,  1857-65;  was  Pres.  of  Mus- 
kingum College  1865-June,  '79,  during  which  time  he  was 
pastor  of  Norwich  Aug.  19,  1869-Jan.  28,  '72;  of  East  Union 
June  10,  1872-June  II,  '76;  pastor  of  New  Concord  since 
Sept.  19,  '76,  and  since  his  resignation  of  the  Presidency  of 
the  College  has  given  all  his  time  to  pastoral  duties;  dele- 
gate to  the  Presbyterian  Council  in  1880;  was  Moderator  of 
the  Gen.  Ass.  in  1882. 

PAXTON,  William  Edward: 

Was  born  Oct.  7,  1856,  at  College  Corner,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Geneva  College,  Beaver  Falls,  Pa.,  in  1881,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  23,  1884, 
by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  15,  '85,  by  Mononga- 
hela;  pastor  of  Chartiers,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 


THE   MINISTRY.  525 

PEACOCK,  James  Hunter  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  28,  1816,  in  Stoystown,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1842,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  11,  '43,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  at  Mt. 
Vernon,  Martinsburg,  Wooster  and  Utica,  O.,  June  i,  1844- 
Sept  2,  1858;  Richmond  and  Knoxville,  O.,  Aug.  i,  1859- 
Ap.  4,  '67;  Centre  and  Wirtemburg,  Pa.,  Ap.  21,  1867-Sept. 
24,  ^72)\  Coulterville,  111.,  Oct.  i,  1873,  until  his  death,  Feb. 
I,  1875- 
PENNY,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  Oct.  21,  1819,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York  as  a 
probationer  from  the  Pres.  of  Down,  in  Ireland;  was  ordained, 
sine  titido^  in  June,  '21,  by  New  York.  He  soon  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  was  for  a  number  of  years  pastor  of  the 
First  Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  then  pastor 
of  the  Congregational  Ch.  in  Northampton,  Mass. 
PERKINS,  Wiluam: 

Was  received  in  May,  1861,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio  from 
the  Free  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  for  two  years  chaplain  of  the 
107th  Reg.  of  Illinois  volunteers.  In  the  spring  of  1864, 
while  the  Pres.  was  taking  preliminary  steps  to  investigate 
certain  charges  preferred  against  him,  he  notified  them  that 
he  had  united  with  the  Congregational  Association  of  South- 
ern Illinois.  They  sent  the  history  of  the  case  to  that  Asso- 
ciation, and  struck  his  name  from  the  roll. 

PETTIGREW,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Feb.  3,  1836,  in  county  Down,  Ireland;  was  ed- 
ucated privately,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  16,  1883,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  30,  '84,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  at  Patterson's  Mills,  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  30,  1884-Oct.  12,  '86;  N.  English  and  Fair 
view,  la..  May,  1887- 

PHILLIPS,  William  Wirt,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  23,  1796,  in  Florida,  Montgomery  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1813,  and  studied  theology 
three  years  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason  and  a  fourth  year 
in  New  Brunswick;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1816  by  the 


526  THE    MINISTRY. 

Dutch  Classis  of  New  Brunswick,  and  ordained  in  Ap.,  '18,  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New  York;  was  pastor  of  Pearl  St.  Asso. 
Ref.  congregation  of  New  York,  Ap.,  i8i8-'23;  went  into 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  at  the  union  of  1822,  and  was  pastor  of 
the  First  Presbyterian  Ch.,  then  in  Wall  St.,  now  at  Fifth 
Avenue  and  12th  St.,  New  York,  from  1823  until  his  death, 
Mar.  20,  1865,  of  enteritis. 
PINKERTON,  Benjamin  Frankun: 

Was  born  June  30,  1838,  near  Fayetteville,  Lincoln  Co., 
Tenn. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  June,  1862,  by  Bloom- 
ington  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  Aug.,  '63,  by  the  same;  pastor 
at  Berlin,  111.,  Aug.,  1863-Aug. ,  '64;  was  missionary  in  Har- 
lem, N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1864-June,  '65;  as  missionary  to  Egypt, 
sailed  Sept.  30,  1865.  In  '69  he  became  a  convert  to  Ply- 
mouthism,  and  abjured  the  faith  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  was  dismissed  from  the  mission.  Pie  returned  to 
the  U.  S.  and  labored  in  the  Western  States  to  promote  the 
interests  of  his  new  faith,  and  then  returned  to  Egypt  and 
tried  to  indoctrinate  the  Protestant  communities  of  that  coun- 
try and  Syria  with  the  peculiarities  of  his  religious  system, 
and  did  considerable  mischief. 
PINKERTON,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  within  the  bounds  of  the  First 
Pres.  of  Ohio,,  and  by  it  licensed  in  Jan.,  1823,  and  ordained 
in  Aug.,  '24.     He  died  in  Oct.,  1824. 
PINKERTON,  John  Pressly  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  7,  1820,  near  Fairhaven,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  Miami,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  26,  1844,  by  the  Illinois  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  17,  '45, 
by  the  same;  pastor  at  Peoria  and  Harmony,  111.,  1845,  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  in  Allegheny  City,  June  10,  1847. 
PINKERTON,  John  W.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  Uni- 
versity in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed 
Ap.  9,  1857,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  3,  '58, 
by  Second  Illinois;  pastor  at  Smithville,  Peoria  Co.,  111., 
i858-'62;  joined  Lake  Pres.  in  Sept.,  '62,  and  supplied  three 


THE   MINISTRY.  527 

or  four  years  within  its  bounds;  joined  the  Presb5'terian  Ch., 
in  1866,  and  died  Feb.  12,  1875,  in  lola,  Kan. 
POLLOCK,  David  H.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  near  Elizabeth,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Western  University  in  1843,  ^^^^  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1846,  by  Blairsville  Pres., 
and  ordained  Aug.  21,  '49,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Laurel 
Hill  and  Mt.  Pleasant,  Aug.,  1849-Oct.,  '53;  of  Sewickly  and 
West  Newton,  Ap.,  1854-Ap.,  '60;  of  Turtle  Creek,  Sept., 
i86o-Ap.,  '69;  at  Elizabeth  since  Dec,  '69. 
POLLOCK,  John  Abraham: 

Was  born  Oct.  6,  1850,  at  Hunts ville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia,  and  New 
College,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  Feb.  12,  1878,  by 
Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  12,  '78,  by  Keokuk;  S.  S.  at 
Burlington,  la.,  July  i,  i878-'8i ;  pastor  of  Shiloh,  Henry  Co., 
Ind.,  June  20,  1882-Ap.  27,  '86. 
POLLOCK,  J.  T. : 

Was  received  Mar.  10,  1864,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  from  the 
Ref.  Presbyterian  Ch.  (O.  S.);  on  the  17th  of  Sept.,  1866,  re- 
ceived a  certificate  of  dismission  at  his  own  request. 
POLLOCK,  Matthew  M.  : 

Brother  of  David  H. ;  was  born  Oct.  17,  1842,  near  Eliza- 
beth, Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9, 
1867,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  Wheeling 
Sept.  19,  ''']']\  was  Superintendent  of  the  Freedmen's  Mission 
at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  S.  S.  at  Jefferson  and  Mifflin,  Alle- 
gheny Co. ,  Pa. ;  pastor  of  Brownsville  and  Pleasant  Ridge, 
Monroe  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  19,  1877-Sept.  j8,  '83;  Fairview,  la., 
Oct.  I,  1886- 

POLLOCK,  Robert  Hamill,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  15,  1817,  in  Ligonier  Valley,  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1845,  t>y  Allegheny 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  22,  '46,  by  Northern  Indiana.  In 
going  to  the  meeting  of  Pres.  he  was  taken  ill,  and  was  com- 
pelled to  go  to  bed.     Without  requiring  him  to  deliver  his 


528  THE   MINISTRY. 

trials,  the  Pres.  came  to  his  sick  room  and  ordained  him 
there;  pastor  at  Pittsburgh,  Ind.,  Oct.,  1 846-' 50;  organized 
and  supplied  a  mission  church  in  Cincinnati  in  i850-'65,  dur- 
ing which  time  he  started  and  conducted  the  Presbyterian 
Witness ;  was  pastor  at  Wooster,  O.,  1865-Jan.,  '76;  at  Mt. 
Vernon,  Ap.  17,  1876,  until  his  death,  which  occurred  very 
suddenly  on  the  evening  of  the  20th  of  July,  1877.  ^^  ^^^^ 
attended  a  temperance  meeting  in  the  Baptist  Ch.,  where  he 
had  spoken  twice;  when  it  was  over  he  mounted  his  horse, 
and  before  he  arrived  at  his  home  he  was  seen,  in  the  clear 
moonlight,  by  a  gentleman  and  lady  sitting  at  the  door  of  their 
dwelling,  to  sway  back  and  forth  on  his  horse,  then  lean  for- 
ward and  fall  easily  to  the  ground.  They  immediately  went 
to  him  and  found  him  dead.  Publications:  The  Saviour's 
Claim,  a  small  book  for  the  young,  published  by  the  United 
Presbyterian  Board  of  Publication;  Examination  of  the  The- 
ory of  Visible  Disci pleship;  and  a  large  number  of  fugitive 
and  newspaper  publications. 
POLLOCK,  Thomas  Harris: 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1825,  "^^^  Spruce  Creek,  Huntingdon 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  educated  academicall}^,  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  in  Feb.,  1862.  Re- 
moved in  1863  to  Philadelphia,  attended  the  Ref  Pres.  (N.  S.), 
Seminary  for  the  term  of  1866  and  '67,  and  the  next  two  terms 
at  the  Newburgh  Sem. ;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1869,  by  Phila- 
delphia Pres.,  and  ordained  May  17,  '71,  by  Second  New 
York;  was  pastor  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  May,  1871-June  6, 
'76;  accepted  a  call  in  Ap.,  1878,  to  Amity  and  Avondale  in 
Mansfield  Pres.,  but  before  installation  he  withdrew  his  ac- 
ceptance, and  entered  the  missionary  field  of  the  northv/est. 
POLLOCK,  William  Alexander  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Nov.  10,  1825,  ^^  Cedarville,  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at 
Oxford;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1857,  by  First  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  17,  '58,  by  First  Illinois;  was  pastor  at 
Chester,  111.,  Nov.,  1858-June,  '61;  was  Principal  of  Rich- 
land Academy,  Ind.,  i86i-'5;  installed  over  Vinton  and  Pratt 
Creek,  la.,  in  Nov.,  1865;  released  from  the  former  in  June, 
'66,  and  from  the  latter  Mar.  21,  '72;  pastor  at  Andrew  and 


THE    MINISTRY.  529 

Bethel,  la.,  June  29,  1877-Feb.  4,  '79;  was  S.  S.  at  Mission 
Creek,  Neb.,  1875-6;  dismissed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Oct. 
4,  1881. 

POLLOCK,  William  C.  (A.)*: 

Was  graduated  in  1823  at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1833,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  27,  '35,  by  Ohio;  pastor  of  Harmony  and 
Unity,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  May,  1835-May  4,  '52.  In  Oct., 
1852,  he  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  remained  in  Butler  Co. 
supplying  >Scotch  Hill  and  other  j)laces  until  i860,  when  he 
removed  to  Sangamon  Co. ,  111. ,  where  he  resided  (having  been 
long  on  the  infirm  list),  until  his  death  in  187- 

PORTER,  Alexander  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1770,  in  Abbeville  District,  S.  C,  just  west  of 
Parson's  Mountain;  was  educated  at  Dickinson,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  Nesbit,  of  Carlisle,  Pa. ,  and  the  Rev.  John 
Jamieson,  of  Hannahstown,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
licensed  Ap.  5,  1796,  by  Second  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
ordained  Ap.  2,  '98,  by  the  Carolinas;  was  installed  pastor  of 
Cedar  Springs  and  Long  Cane,  Abbeville  District,  S.  C. ,  at 
ordination;  in  the  autumn  of  1803  he  resigned  Long  Cane, 
and  in  Sept.  '13,  he  also  demitted  Cedar  Springs  because  of 
feebleness  of  health.  In  1814  he  concluded  to  seek  a  change 
of  climate,  and  followed  some  of  his  people  and  some  families 
from  Hopewell  to  Preble  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  soon  joined 
by  others.  He  became  the  pastor  of  the  congregation  ot 
Hopewell  in  Preble  Co.,  and  continued  to  be  until  Sept.,  1833, 
when  he  resigned  because  of  the  infirmities  of  age.  He 
preached  occasionally  for  a  year  longer,  as  his  health  would 
permit,  and  died  Mar.  29,  1836.  Mr.  Porter  was  a  man  of 
great  worth  and  influence,  was  a  preacher  of  much  simplicity 
and  yet  of  great  power,  and  as  a  pastor  was  unexcelled.  He 
built  up  in  his  new  home  a  large  congregation,  which,  after 
his  death,  divided  into  three,  and  he  was  instrumental  in 
leading  a  large  number  of  young  men  into  the  ministry. 

Just  before  his  death  he  took  leave  of  his  family.  Begin- 
ning with  his  wife,  he  called  them  to  his  bedside  one  by  one 
according  to  their  age,  and  gave  them  his  last  advice,  and  took 


530  THE   MINISTRY, 

a  solemn,  though  as  he  hoped,  not  an  eternal  farewell.  An 
old  and  intimate  friend  came  in  at  this  time,  and  he  said: 
"John,  I  have  this  morning  been  looking  to  see  what  Stephen 
saw,  but  have  not  seen  it  yet;  but  I  hope  I  shall  this  day." 
Exhausted  by  the  effort,  he  began  to  sink  into  the  arms  of 
death,  when  he  suddenly  turned  his  head  towards  his  friend 
and  exclaimed  with  much  animation,  "John,  all  things  are 
yours,  whether  Paul  or  Apollos,  or  Cephas,  or  the  world,  or 
life,  or  death,  or  things  present,  or  things  to  come;  all  are 
yours,  and  ye  are  Chirst's,  and  Christ  is  God's,"  and  died. 
PORTER,  Byron  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  24,  1824,  i"  Bridgewater,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1845,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  26,  1849,  ^Y  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sme  titulo^  Aug.  12,  '50,  by  the  same;  was  pas- 
tor of  Unity,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  June,  1851-Ap.,  '56;  was 
installed  in  July,  1856;  pastor  of  Shelocta,  Elderton  and 
Crete,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  was  released  from  Crete  in  '59,  and 
retained  the  other  two  until  his  death,  Nov.  28,  1876. 

PORTER,  James  C.  (A.  R.)*  : 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Alexander;  was  born  at  Cedar  Springs, 
Abbeville  District,  S.  C,  Dec.  6,  1809;  was  graduated  at  Jef- 
ferson in  1830,  and  studied  theology  with  his  father  and  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1834,  by  First  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  21,  '35,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Piqua, 
O.,  Ap.,  1835-May  19,  '40;  installed  over  Cedar  Creek  and 
Pope  Creek,  Mercer  Co.,  111.,  in  Oct.,  '41;  resigned  the  latter 
in  '50  and  the  former  in  spring  of  '63.  He  was  confined  to 
his  bed  for  fourteen  months,  during  three  of  which  he  was 
speechless,  and  died  at  Little  York,  111.,  Nov.  15,  1863,  of  a 
gradual  decay  of  vital  powers.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
Monmouth  College. 

POTTER,  Cyrus  K.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  near  Noblestown,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Wash- 
ington in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  li- 
censed May  31,  1853,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  3,  '57,  by  Second  Illinois;  accepted  in  '57  a  call  from 
White  Oak  Grove,  but  returned  it  to  Pres.  before  installation. 


THE    MINISTRY.  53 1 

He  soon  afterward  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  now 
witliont  charge  at  Stnart,  la. 

PRESSLY,  Harvey  M.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  19,  1845,  i^  Randolph  Co.,  111.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  6,  1877,  by  Southern  Illinois,  and  ordained  Aug. 
6,  '78,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Oakdale,  Washington  Co.,  111., 
Aug.  6,  1878-Jan.  25,  '86;  Ottawa,  Kan.,  June  15,  1886- 

PRESSLY,  John  Newton  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  20,  1813,  in  Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was 
educated  at  Miami  University,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny and  Due  West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  by  the  Second  Pres, 
of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  June  27,  '38,  by  Indiana;  was 
pastor  of  Bethesda,  Shiloh  and  Richland,  Rush  Co.,  Ind., 
June  27,  1838-Ap.  15,  '51;  at  Lafayette,  Ind.,  June,  i85i-'6; 
S.  S.  at  Indianola,  la.,  1857-8;  pastor  of  Albia  and  Service, 
Monroe  Co.,  Nov.,  i858-'62;  S.  S.  at  Grandview  and  Harri- 
son, until  his  death,  Aug.  22,  1866. 

PRESSLY,  John  Taylor,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  28,  1795,  in  Abbeville  District,  S.  C. ;  was 
graduated  at  Transylvania  University,  Ky.,  in  1812,  and 
studied  theology  in  New  York  under  Dr.  J.  M,  Mason;  was 
licensed  in  the  spring  of  '15  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  the  Caro- 
linas, and  ordained  July  3,  '16,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at 
Cedar  Springs,  S.  C,  July,  1816-Nov.,  '31;  was  Prof,  of  The- 
ology in  the  Synod  of  the  South,  i825-'3i;  was  elected  Prof, 
of  Theology  by  the  Synod  of  the  West  Oct.  10,  183 1,  and  com- 
menced his  career  as  such  in  the  Allegheny  Seminary  on  the 
5th  of  Jan.  following;  was  installed  pastor  of  the  First  Ch.  of 
Allegheny  City,  Aug.  23,  1833,  and  continued  as  professor  and 
pastor  until  his  death,  Aug.  13,  1870.  He  was  the  Modera- 
tor at  the  organization  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in 
1858.  In  person  he  was  large  and  dignified,  and  possessed 
unusual  health  and  strength  of  body.  He  was  systematic  in 
all  things,  and  particularly  in  his  plans  of  study,  and  being  a 
hard  and  laborious  student  he  performed  for  a  great  portion 
of  his  life  the  work  of  two  men,  and  for  several  years  that  of 
three,  for  he  established  and  edited  for  some  time  the  Preacher^ 


532  THE   MINISTRY. 

now  known  as  the  Utiited  Presbyterian.  As  a  preacher  he 
was  simple,  clear,  earnest  and  Scriptural,  and  particularly  ex- 
celled in  expository  lecturing.  As  a  Professor  of  Theology 
he  had  few,  if  any,  superiors.  He  was  a  master  in  every  de- 
partment of  the  course  of  study,  and  made  his  instructions  so 
clear  that  only  the  veriest  dullard  could  fail  to  understand 
him,  and  with  his  students  he  was  oracular.  Publications: 
Baptism;  Psalmody;  Church  Fellowship,  each  in  a  small  vol- 
ume; The  Grace  of  Christ,  a  Sermon  in  the  Associate  Re- 
formed Pulpit,  Vol.  I;  a  large  number  of  Introductory  Lec- 
tures and  fugitive  pieces. 

PRESSLY,  Joseph  Herst,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  John  T. ;  was  born  Ap.  20,  1817,  in  Abbeville 
District,  S.  C. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1838,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1841,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  20,  '45,  by  Lake;  was 
pastor  in  Erie,  Pa.,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death.  He 
died  Nov.  3,  1874. 

PRESSLY,  Mason  Wylie: 

Was  born  July  24,  1859,  at  Coddle  Creek,  Cabarrus  Co., 
N.  C. ;  was  graduated  at  Erskine  College,  S.  C,  in  1879,  and 
studied  theology  at  Due  West,  S.  C,  and  a  post-graduate  year 
at  Princeton;  was  licensed  in  Ap. ,  1881,  by  the  ist  Pres.  of 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South,  and  ordained  Nov.  25, 
'82,  by  the  same;  pastor  in  Chester,  S.  C,  Nov.  25,  1882- 
Mar.,  '86;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  pastor  of 
the  North  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  since  May,  1886, 

PRESTLEY,  James,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  23,  1815,  in  county  Down,  Ireland,  and 
brought  in  July,  1819,  by  his  parents  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  where 
he  was  reared;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in 
1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
27,  1836,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  25,  '' 2)^.^ 
by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Raccoon  and  Hanover,  Beaver 
Co.,  May,  1837-Sept.  8,  '40;  pastor  in  Cincinnati,  O.,  au- 
tumn, 1842-Dec.,  '54;  Franklin  St.,  New  York,  spring,  1855- 
Sept,  '58;  Second  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Dec,  1858-Dec.,  '66; 
was  Stated   Clerk  of  General  Synod  of  the  Asso.   Ref.  Ch. 


THE    MINISTRY.  533 

1843-58,  and  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian Ch.  1859-63.  He  published  and  edited  the  Uiiited 
Presbyterian^  a  monthly  magazine,  printed  in  Cincinnati 
i847-'53,  seven  volumes;  also  the  Pulpit  of  the  Associate  Re- 
forfued  CJnirch^  a  monthly  magazine  containing  sermons  by 
Asso.  Ref.  ministers,  i850-'4,  five  volumes.  Because  of  do- 
mestic difficulties  he  was  suspended  from  the  ministry  Nov. 
15,  1866,  and  allowed  himself  to  be  divorced  by  his  wife. 
Marrying  again,  his  previous  wife  still  living,  he  was  deposed 
from  the  ministry  and  excommunicated  from  the  church  Ap. 
13,  1869.  He  was  subsequently  restored  by  Presbytery  to  the 
private  membership  of  the  church,  and  pending  an  appeal  he 
got  a  certificate  from  a  United  Presbyterian  session,  and  was 
received  by  the  "Christian  Union,"  a  congregational  organi- 
zation in  Ohio,  and  restored  to  the  ministry  and  preached 
under  its  auspices  as  occasion  offered,  while  he  retained  his 
home  at  Mansfield  Valley,  near  Pittsburgh,  where  he  died 
Ap.  I,  1885.  Publications:  In  addition  to  his  editorial  work 
he  wrote  the  Biographical  Sketches  of  Joseph  Kerr,  D.  D., 
and  his  son  Joseph  R.  Kerr,  which  are  published  in  Sprague's 
Annals. 
PRESTLEY,  WiLUAM  Hazlett  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  James;  was  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Miami  in  1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford; 
was  licensed  in  1854,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine 
titulo^  June  12,  '55,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  at  Chillicothe,  O., 
Nov.,  1856- Feb.,  '75.  In  1869  he  and  the  congregation 
united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  pastor  of  Tuscola,  111., 
and  of  Decatur,  111. 
PRICE,  James  (A.): 

Was  born  Oct.  12,  1827,  near  Hillsborough,  county  Down, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  185 1,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  3,  1854,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  4,  '56,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  of 
the  present  Seventh  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Sept.,  1856-July  7, 
'73;  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  Aug.  25,  1874-Dec.  24,  ^']']\  of  127th 
St.  Ch.,  New  York,  Ap.  23,  1878-Nov.  6,  '80;  organized  the 
1 2th  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Ap.,  1882;  S.  S.  till  May  19,  '84,  and 
pastor  ever  since.     Publications:  The  Sabbath-school,  a  Ser- 


534  '^HE   MINISTRY. 

moil,  pp.  i6,  1859;  Pastoral  Letter  on  Non-attendance  on 
Comiiinnion  Services,  1864;  The  Vineyard^  a  monthly  tract 
periodical,  Jan.,  1868-June,  1868;  The  Irish  Presbyterian 
Church,  an  historical  pamphlet,  1870;  A  Biographical  Sketch 
of  the  Rev.  H.  H.  Blair,  pp.  37,  1877;  Revivals  of  Religion, 
Tract  No.  15  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Board  of  Publica- 
tion, pp.  48,  1880;  numerous  sermons  and  articles  in  the  Re- 
pository^ etc. 

PRINGLE,  Francis  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1747  in  Kirkcaldy,  Fifeshire,  Scotland;  was 
educated  in  the  grammar  school  of  his  native  place,  and 
studied  theology  with  the  younger  INIoncriefif  at  Alloa;  was 
licensed  in  1778  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Kirkcaldy,  and  ordained 
by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Belfast  on  the  25th  of  Aug.,  1772;  was 
pastor  of  the  Asso.  congregation  of  Gilnahirk,  near  Belfast, 
in  Ireland,  including  his  previous  supplying,  1768-autumn  of 
'98.  Some  of  the  young  men  of  his  charge  had  taken  the 
"United  Irishmen's  Oath,"  and  became  implicated  in  the 
rebellion,  and  as  he  was  strongly  loyal,  trouble  ensued,  and 
he  resigned,  returned  to  Scotland  and  accepted  from  his 
Synod  a  mission  to  Nova  Scotia.  He  landed  in  New  York 
Sept.  26,  1799,  and  being  unable  to  get  a  vessel  for  Nova 
Scotia,  because  of  the  yellow  fever  in  the  city,  remained  and 
preached  for  the  Asso.  congregation  of  New  York  until  the 
next  spring,  and  then  on  the  29th  of  Ap.,  1800,  was  received 
to  membership  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was 
pastor  at  Carlisle,  Pa.,  Aug.  27,  1802-May  14,  '32.  Pie  was 
Stated  Clerk  of  the  Associate  Synod  from  its  organization  in 
1801  until  1827,  when,  having  attained  the  age  of  eighty 
years,  he  deemed  it  time  to  resign.  After  giving  up  his  pas- 
toral charge  in  '32,  he  retired  to  the  house  of  his  oldest  son, 
who,  after  graduation  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  had 
come  to  this  country  and  been  for  many  years  in  the  employ- 
m.ent  of  the  Bank  of  New  York.  Still  he  could  and  would 
preach,  and  supplied  some  of  the  churches  in  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.  In  the  spring  of  '33  he  visited  Newark,  N.  J., 
where  he  preached  and  spent  the  Sabbath  at  the  house  of  a 
a  friend.  As  he  v^^as  dressing  himself  next  morning  his  foot 
caught  in  a  fold  of  the  carpet,  in  consequence  of  which  he 


the;  ministry.  535 

fell  and  fractured  his  thigh  near  the  hip-joint.  He  was  car- 
ried to  his  son's  home  on  a  litter,  and  in  a  few  months  the 
fractnred  limb  became  dropsical,  and  his  health  gradually  de- 
clined until  the  2d  of  Nov.,  1833,  when  he  died  in  great  peace. 

He  was  a  remarkable  textuary.  You  might  recite  any  pas- 
sage of  the  Bible,  and  he  could  at  once  give  the  book,  chapter 
and  verse;  or  if  you  should  mention  the  place,  he  could  quote 
the  passage.  As  might  be  expected,  he  was  eminently  a 
Scriptural  preacher,  and  he  had  rare  gifts  for  teaching  or  re- 
proving the  old  or  young,  both  in  public  and  in  private.  He 
was  in  "afflictions  oft,"  and  always  bore  them  with  a  patient 
and  submissive  spirit.  He  had  thirteen  children,  all  of  whom 
except  two  died  before  their  parents.  His  third  son,  a  man 
of  superior  abilities  and  a  graduate  of  Dickinson  College,  be- 
came partially  deranged  and  was  drowned  during  his  father's 
absence.  The  news  of  this  heart-rending  event  reached  the 
father  just  as  he  was  about  to  enter  the  pulpit  on  Sabbath 
morning.  With  ready  submission  to  the  will  of  God,  and 
with  the  most  calm  self  control,  he  went  through  all  the  pub- 
lic services  of  the  day,  and  yet  for  many  years  afterward  he 
could  not  allude  to  the  subject  without  manifest  emotion. 

A  casual  visitor  was  present  in  the  family  when  a  letter  was 
received  announcing  the  sudden  death  of  his  son  James,  a 
pastor  in  North  Carolina.  Neither  parent  betrayed  any  vio- 
lent emotion.  In  a  calm  voice  Mr.  Pi  ingle  said  to  his  wife: 
' '  Peggy,  James  never  cost  us  a  tear  until  now.  '  The  Lord 
gave  and  the  Lord  hath  taken  away;  blessed  be  the  name  of 
the  Lord. '  Let  us  retire  and  pray  that  we  may  obtain  strength 
to  bear  with  Christian  fortitude  our  terrible  bereavement." 
He  was  respected,  even  revered,  by  Christians  of  other  de- 
nominations, who  loved  to  make  him  many  and  valuable 
presents.  Even  "those  without "  regarded  him  with  rever- 
ence. Two  men  were  working  on  the  turnpike  near  Carlisle 
when  he  once  passed  on  foot.  The  one  said  to  the  other, 
"There  goes  Mr.  Pringle,  he  looks  thinner  than  usual." 
"Yes,"  replied  the  other,  "but  he  is  all  in  Heaven  excepting 
what  you  see  of  him."  Notwithstanding  his  affability  and 
benevolence,  he  was  firm  and  even  stern  when  right  and 
wrong  were  involved,  and  he  was  often  original  in  the  man- 


536  THE    MINISTRY. 

ner  of  his  reproofs.  Some  of  his  rural  parishioners,  unused 
to  sedentary  habits,  would  occasionally  fall  asleep  during  the 
sermon.  He  would  let  them  enjoy  their  nap  until  he  thought 
they  were  sufficiently  refreshed,  then,  without  a  pause  in  his 
discourse,  he  would  bring  down  his  Psalm  Book  upon  the  big 
Bible  which  always  lay  shut,  with  such  force  as  to  produce  a 
tremendous  crack  that  was  sure  to  "  murder  sleep."  Publi- 
cations: The  Qualifications  and  Duties  of  the  Ministers  of 
Christ,  a  Sermon  preached  before  the  Synod  of  Ireland  in 
1796;  Prayer  for  the.  Prosperity  of  Ziou,  a  Sermon. 
PRINGLE,  Francis,  Jr.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  Rev.  Francis;  was  born  near  Belfast,  in  Ireland, 
about  1789;  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1808,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  Oct.  i, 
1812,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  29,  '14,  by 
Chartiers;  was  pastor  at  Xenia  and  Sugar  Creek,  O.,  from  his 
ordination  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Mar.  15,  1818,  from 
consumption,  while  on  a  visit  to  his  brother  James,  in  North 
Carolina. 

PRINGLE,  James  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Francis;  was  born  in  1788  near  Belfast,  Ire- 
land ;  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1808,  and  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  Oct.  i,  1812,  by 
the  Philadelphia  Pres, ,  and  ordained  Ap.  8,  '  14,  by  the  Pres. 
of  the  Carolinas;  was  pastor  of  Steel  Creek  and  connections, 
in  N.  C,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death.  He  died  from 
lung  fever  on  the  28th  of  Oct.,  1818,  in  the  same  bed  in  which 
his  younger  brother  Francis  had  died  the  previous  March. 
They  were  very  much  attached  to  each  other,  had  been  class- 
mates in  College  and  Seminary,  were  licensed  at  the  same 
time,  were  buried  in  the  same  grave  and  lie  beneath  the  same 
monument.  The}'  were  both  young  men  of  superior  intellect 
and  high  culture,  and  James  was  particularly  distinguished 
for  great  originality,  a  vivid  imagination  and  ardent  feelings. 

PRINGLE,  James  V. : 

Was  born  Sept.  9,  1845,  i^^  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Denison  University,  O.,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  May  13,  1863,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 


THE   MINISTRY.  537 

May  II,  '65,  by  Mansfield;  was  pastor  of  Utica  and  Mt.  Ver- 
non, O.,  May,  1865-Dec.,  '67;  of  Pana,  111.,  Ap.  13,  1869- 
Feb.  20,  ''']']^  and  at  Clayton,  111.,  Aug.  27,  1879-Ap.  6,  '87; 
Clarinda,  la.,  since  Sept.,  1887.  Publication:  Heliodorus' 
Mission  to  the  Temple,  a  poem  pp.  10,  i860. 

PRINGLE,  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1790,  in  Perth,  Scotland;  his  father,  the  Rev. 
Alex.  Pringle,  D.  D.,  was  for  more  than  sixty  years  the  senior 
minister  of  the  Asso.  congregation  of  Perth,  and  his  mother 
was  a  Moncriefif  of  Culfargie.  He  was  graduated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  and  studied  medicine,  and  as  soon  as 
admitted  to  practice  emigrated  to  Canada.  He  soon  after- 
ward changed  his  mind,  returned  home,  and  studied  theology 
with  Dr.  Dick  at  Glasgow;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1823,  by  the 
Pres.  of  Perth;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  the  autumn  of  1827;  was 
ordained  June  29,  '30,  by  Cambridge  Pres. ;  pastor  in  Ryegate, 
Caledonia  Co.,  Vt,  June,  1830-June  21,  '52.  He  spent  the 
last  few  years  of  his  life  upon  a  work  called  "  The  Cosrnogra- 
phy  of  Scripture^''''  which  was  almost  finished.  He  was  schol- 
arly and  a  good  writer,  but  his  delivery  was  unattractive  from 
a  mouthing  of  his  words.  He  died  suddenly  on  the  morning 
of  Dec.  14,  1855,  from  organic  disease  of  the  heart,  while  sit- 
ting at  the  breakfast  table. 

PROCTOR,  Francis  Mitchell  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  6,  1830,  at  Lexington,  Richland  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1857,  by  Mansfield  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  9,  '58,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  at  Cuylerville, 
Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1858-Feb.,  '66,  since  which 
time  he  has  not  been  physically  able  to  engage  in  the  work  of 
the  ministry,  and  resides  at  Mansfield,  O. 

PROUDFIT,  Alexander,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  at  Pequea,  Pa.,  in  Nov., 
1769.  He  was  graduated  at  Columbia  College,  N.  Y.,  in 
1792,  and  studied  theology  with  his  father  and  Dr.  J.  H. 
Livingston  of  the  Dutch  Ch. ;  was  licensed  Oct.  7,  1794,  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Washington,  and  by  the  same  ordained 
and  installed  May  13,  '95,  as  the  assistant  and  successor  of 
34 


538  THE   MINISTRY. 

his  father  in  Salem,  N.  Y.  He  was  one  year,  1820,  assistant 
Prof,  in  the  Theo.  Sem.  in  New  York.  On  the  8th  of  Oct., 
1835,  he  resigned  the  charge  of  Salem,  and  accepted  the  Sec- 
retaryship of  the  New  York  Colonization  Society,  which  he 
resigned  in  the  autumn  of  1842.  He  died  of  catarrhal  fever 
at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  Ap.  17,  1843.  He  possessed  an 
excellent  and  well-cultured  mind,  was  an  earest  and  instruc- 
tive preacher,  and  a  laborious  and  skillful  pastor.  His 
.marked  characteristics  were  consistent  piety  and  benevolent 
activity. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  his  publications: 
The  Gospel  Designed  for  all  Nations,  a  Missionary  Ser- 
mon,   1798 

An    Act  on  the  Kingly  Authority  of  our  Lord   Jesus 
Christ,  prepared  by  order  of  the  Associate  Reformed 

Synod, 1798 

The  Spiritual  Steward,  a  Synodic  Sermon, 1802 

The  One  Thing  Needful,  six  Sermons, 1804 

The  Female  Laborer  in  the  Gospel, 1805 

The  Barren  Fig  Tree,  and  the  Healing  Balm,  two  Ser- 
mons,     1806 

The  Ruin  and  Recovery  of  Man,  Sixteen  Sermons,    .    .    1806 
Our  Danger  and  Duty,  two  Fast-Day  Sermons,  ....    1808 
Ministerial  Labor  and  Support,  preached  at  the  Inaugu- 
ration of  Dr.  H,  Davis,  as  President  of  Middleburg 

College, 1810 

Life  and  Immortality  Brought  to  Light  in  the  Gospel,  .  1815 
Tidings  of  Great  Joy  for  All   People,   a  Bible  Society 

Sermon, 1816 

The  Extent  of  the  Missionary  Field, 1817 

Personal  Sobriety, 1820 

Ministerial  Duty  and  Encouragement, 1820 

Lectures  on  the  Parables, 1820 

The  Duties  of  the  Watchman,  a  Synodic  Sermon,  .    .    ,    1822 

An  Address  in  Reference  to  the  Jews, 1825 

An  Address  before  the  American  Tract  Society,  ....    1825 

An  Address  to  Colored  Emigrants, 1836 

In  addition  to  these  he  wrote  nine  or  ten  tracts  which  were 
printed  and  circulated  by  a  female  tract  society  in  his  congre- 
gation before  the  American  Tract  Society  was  organized. 


THE   MINISTRY.  539 

PROUDFIT,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.  23,  1770;  received  his 
literary  training  at  Dobbin's  Classical  School,  Gettysburg, 
Pa. ;  studied  theology  with  the  Rev.  John  Jamieson,  and  was 
licensed  Ap.  5,  1795,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania; 
was  ordained  and  installed  by  the  same  Nov.  14,  '98,  over 
Laurel  Hill,  including  Dunlap's  Creek,  i8oi-'i2,  and  East 
Liberty  i8i2-'i6;  was  transferred  to  Crooked  Creek,  Muskin- 
gum Co.,  O.,  Ap.  21,  1824,  where  he  died  June  11,  1830. 
PROUDFIT,  David  Law  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  Robert;  was  born  in  1811  at  Broadalbin,  Ful- 
ton Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1831,  and  studied 
theology  in  Newburgh;  was  licensed  by  the  Pres.  of  New 
York  in  the  spring  of  1835,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  by  the 
same,  in  Sept.,  '36.  He  organized  an  Asso.  Ref  congrega- 
tion in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  and  served  it  for  a  short  time,  when 
he  contracted  a  cold,  which  seriously  and  permanently 
affected  his  vocal  organs.  In  1838  he  was  appointed  Prof  ot 
Biblical  Literature  in  the  Seminar}^  at  Newburgh,  but  offici- 
ated only  two  years,  when  he  went  into  the  book  publishing 
business,  and  died  in  Newburgh,  Dec.  11,  1847,  from  bron- 
chial consumption. 

PROUDFIT,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  near  Perth,  in  Scotland,  in  the  year  1732;  was 
graduated  at  one  of  the  universities,  and  studied  theology 
with  Alexander  Moncrieff,  of  Abernethy ;  was  licensed  in  1753 
by  the  Pres.  of  Perth,  and  in  July,  '54,  was  ordained  by  the 
same  in  view  of  going  as  a  missionary  to  America.  He 
landed  in  Boston  in  Sept.  of  the  same  year,  and  proceeded 
without  delay  to  join  Mr.  Gellatly  in  eastern  Pennsylvania. 
For  four  years  he  performed  itinerant  missionary  work,  and 
was  then  installed  as  pastor  in  Pequea,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa. 
He  went  into  the  union  of  1782,  which  formed  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Ch. ;  and  in  the  autumn  of  '83  was  transferred  to  Salem,  N, 
Y,,  where  he  died  from  paralysis,  Oct.  22,  1802.  He  was  dis- 
tinguished for  the  gravity  of  his  deportment,  and  for  his  pru- 
dence and  wisdom  in  everything.  His  familiarity  with  the 
Scriptures  was  such  that  he  could  give  the  chapter  and  verse 
of  any  passage  repeated.     His  religious  experience  was  so 


540  THE   MINISTRY. 

deep  and  his  religious  knowledge  so  thorough  and  minute, 

that  when  he  had  sunk  back  to  the  imbecility  of  childhood 

in  relation  to  every  other  subject,  he  could  still  bear  his  part 

in  religious  conversation  with  the  same  apparent  relish  and 

almost  with  the  same  degree  of  intelligence  as  in  his  better 

days. 

PROUDFIT,  John  Williams,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  Dr.  Alexander;  was  born  in  Salem,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  22, 
1803;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1821,  and  studied  theology 
with  his  father  and  at  Princeton;  was  licensed  by  the  Asso. 
Ref  Pres.  of  Washington  Ap.  13,  1825,  and  ordained,  sine 
titulo^  by  the  same,  Nov.  4th  of  the  same  year;  was  transferred 
Sept.  I,  1827,  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  to  take  charge  of  a 
congregation  at  Newburyport,  Mass.;  in  1833  became  Prof  of 
Languages  in  the  University  of  New  York,  and  filled  the 
same  Professorship  in  Rutgers  College  from  1840  to  1859,  a.nd 
died  Mar.  9,  1870,  at  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

PROUDFIT,  Leonard: 

Was  born  Feb.  22,  1833,  near  Geneva,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Michigan  University  in  1859,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  2,  1866,  by  Lake  Pres.; 
was  ordained  Oct.  18,  '68,  by  Des  Moines,  and  installed  pas- 
tor of  Corydon  and  Promise  City,  in  Wayne  Co.,  la. ;  resigned 
Promise  City  in  '72,  and  became  pastor  of  Jefferson  for  part 
time;  resigned  both  Corydon  and  Jefferson  July  i,  '81;  pastor 
of  Orchard,  and  S.  S.  of  Plainview,  Neb.,  1884- 

PROUDFIT,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Hopewell,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  June  6,  1777;  was 
graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1798;  studied  theology  with  his 
cousin,  Dr.  Alex.  Proudfit,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  by 
the  Pres.  of  Washington  Ap.  20,  1802,  and  ordained  by  the 
same,  and  installed  Ap.  18,  '04,  in  Broadalbin,  Fulton  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  resigned  in  Oct.,  1818,  and  became  Prof  of  Languages 
in  Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  and  so  remained  as 
active  or  emeritus  professor  until  his  death,  Feb.  11,  i860. 

PROUDFIT,  Thomas  Patterson: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  David;  was  born  Mar,  3,  1835,  near 
New  Concord,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Madison  College  in  1859, 


THE   MINISTRY.  541 

and  studied  theology  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15, 
1862,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  by  the  same  July 
14,  '63,  as  a  missionary  in  the  home  field  of  Nebraska;  was 
pastor  of  Bethel,  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  June,  1868-May,  '71,  and  of 
Union,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  Ap.  24,  1872- Ap.  3,  '83;  Taylors- 
town,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  2,  1884-.  Was  Teacher  of 
Latin  and  Greek  in  the  Sparta  High  School  i873-'76.  Pub- 
lications: Christ's  Willingness  to  Save  Sinners,  A  Sermon, 
1868. 

PURDY,  James  Leiper  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  17,  1821,  near  Clinton,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  14,  1853,  ^Y  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  18,  '54,  by  Clarion;  pastor  of  Pine  Grove, 
Susquehanna  and  Clearfield,  Pa.,  Oct.,  i854-'59;  was  installed 
pastor  of  King's  Creek,  Jan.,  i860,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and 
also  of  Hanover  in  '67;  was  released  from  the  former  in  Ap., 
1880,  and  from  the  latter  in  Ap.,  1881;  died  suddenly  Aug. 
10,  1885,  at  Florence,  Pa. 

QUACKENBUSH,  Daniel  McL.,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Co- 
lumbia College  in  1836,  and  studied  theology  at  New  Bruns- 
wick; was  licensed  in  1839  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Cambridge, 
and  ordained  in  Dec,  '41,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  the 
Second  Hebron  congregation  1841-Nov.  15,  '48;  joined  the 
Ref.  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  Warwarsing,  Fishkill 
Landing,  in  Brooklyn,  Hasting,  and  New  York  city. 
RAE,  Wesley  Spurgeon: 

Son  of  an  officer  in  the  British  army;  was  born  at  Belfast, 
Ireland,  in  Oct.,  1841;  was  a  midshipman  i853-'6;  educated 
by  private  and  government  tutors,  and  at  Queen's  College, 
Belfast,  and  King's  College,  London;  was  ordained  in  1864, 
by  a  Congregational  Council;  was  pastor  of  a  Congregational 
congregation  in  Buckinghamshire,  i864-'7o;  near  Montreal, 
Can.,  i87o-'2;  was  for  a  time  member  of  the  Ohio  Conference, 
Methodist  Episcopal  Ch. ;  out  of  the  active  duties  of  the  min- 
istry for  several  years;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in 
Sept.,  1886,  and  pastor  at  Haysville,  O.,  since  July  30,  1887. 


542  THE    MINISTRY. 

RAINEY,  William  H.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  a  native  of  eastern  Pennsylvania;  was  graduated  at 
Dickinson  in  1798,  and  studied  theology  privately;  was 
licensed  Oct.  30,  1800,  by  First  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
ordained  most  probably  about  1803  by  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky. 
He  spent  his  whole  ministry  in  the  State  of  Kentucky,  prin- 
cipally in  Bourbon  and  Harrison  counties;  was  released  from 
Hinkston,  Bourbon  Co.,  Ap.  11,  1832,  and  remained  without 
charge  until  his  death,  which  took  place  a  few  years  later. 

RAITT,  George  P. : 

Was  born  at  Bovina,  Delaware  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  May,  '61,  by  Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  July 
17,  '66,  by  Conemaugh;  pastor  of  Taylorsville  and  connec- 
tions, Pa.,  July,  1866-June,  '69;  was  S.  S.  at  Chariton,  la., 
several  years;  was  installed  Sept.  8,  '74,  overMontpelier,  North 
Branch  and  St.  Charles,  Madison  Co.,  la.;  resigned  the  first 
of  these  in  '76,  the  second  in  '80,  and  the  last  Ap.  15,  '84. 
RALSTON,  Samuel  Shannon,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  May  11,  1809,  near  Nashville,  Tenn. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jackson  College,  Tenn. ,  and  studied  theology  at  Due 
West,  S.  C. ;  was  licensed  May  6,  1837,  by  the  Second  Asso, 
Ref  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  in  June,  '38,  by 
Tennessee;  was  pastor  at  Head  Springs,  Tenn.,  June,  1838- 
Oct.,  '43;  Mt.  Zion,  Mo.,  Oct.,  1843-Nov.  '60,  and  of  Le 
Claire  Prairie,  la.,  i86i-Feb.  8,  '82.  Publications:  A  New 
Theory  of  the  Apocalypse,  8vo.,  pp.  208,  1858;  Five  Argu- 
ments for  the  Post-Millennial  Theory  of  the  Second  Advent, 
a  Pamphlet,  pp.  32,  1873.  His  Apocalypse  was  the  result  01 
fifteen  years'  laborious  investigation.  In  a  private  letter  he 
says:  "That  mystic  symbol,  the  'four  living  creatures'  (page 
92-103),  well  nigh  cost  me  my  life.  The  subject  took  fast 
hold  of  me,  and  could  not  be  dismissed  either  by  day  or  night. 
For  six  days  and  nights  the  subject  was  pursued  incessantly. 
During  that  time  I  did  not  sleep  one  moment;  could  not 
leave  off  until  the  results  were  formulated  and  filed  for  subse- 
quent use.  By  that  time  I  had  become  weak,  had  lost  my 
appetite,  and  my  voice  was  almost  gone.  I  verily  thought  I 
should  never  sleep  again,  but  the  inquiry  being  gone  through. 


THE   MINISTRY.  543 

God  gave  his  beloved  sleep."  After  twenty-two  years  he 
still  expressed  his  entire  confidence  in  the  theory,  but  re- 
gretted that  he  allowed  himself  to  guess  as  to  the  parts  to  be 
enacted  by  the  existing  nations,  and  would  be  glad  to  elimi- 
nate all  such  conjectures. 
RALSTON,  William  D.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  9,  1835,  at  Slate  Lick,  Armstrong  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  i,  1861,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  28,  '63,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  of  Scotch  Grove, 
Jones  Co.,  la.,  Aug.  25,  1865-Ap.  i,  '84;  Morea,  Crawford 
Co.,  111.,  Jan. ,  1887-.  Publication:  Restricted  Communion, 
a  Tract,  pp.  1876;  Talks  on  Psalmody,  i8mo.,  pp.  199,  1877. 
RAMSAY,  James,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  23,  1771,  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  of  Cov- 
enanter parents.  While  yet  a  child,  the  family  moved  to 
Washington  Co.,  and  Mr.  Ramsay  made  a  profession  of  faith 
in  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  under  Dr.  McMillan.  At  twenty-one 
he  moved  to  a  farm  near  Frankfort,  Beaver  Co. ,  where,  be- 
cause of  the  introduction  of  Watts'  Psalms  and  Hymns  into 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  he  joined  the  Asso.  Ch.  under  the  min- 
istry of  Dr.  John  Anderson.  He  commenced  his  classical 
studies  with  his  pastor,  and  was  further  educated  in  the  Can- 
onsburg  Academy,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson; 
was  licensed  Dec.  14,  1803,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  4,  '05,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Chartiers  congrega- 
tion Sept.  1805-June,  '49.  In  1 82 1  he  was  chosen  Prof,  of 
Theology  by  the  Asso.  Synod,  and  discharged  the  duties  of 
that  office  until  1842,  when  he  resigned,  having  long  deter- 
mined that  he  would  not  hold  that  office  after  reaching  the 
age  of  seventy.  He  died  Mar.  6,  1855,  at  the  house  of  his 
son-in-law,  the  Rev.  Dr.  W.  M.  McElwee. 

Dr.  Ramsay  was  tall  in  stature  and  thin,  possessed  a  sharp 
and  shrill  voice  and  a  slow  delivery;  yet  the  richness  of  his 
matter  and  the  earnestness  of  his  manner  made  him  a  profita- 
ble and  by  no  means  an  uninteresting  preacher.  As  a  pro- 
fessor he  performed  most  excellent  service,  and  retired  amidst 
the  benedictions  and  grateful  remembrances  of  the  whole 
church. 


544  THE   MINISTRY. 

RAMSAY,  James  Paxton  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  James;  was  born  Aug.  26,  1809,  near 
Canonsbnrg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1827,  ^"^ 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug.  27,  1833, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  i,  '35,  by  Ohio; 
pastor  of  Deer  Creek,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  July,  i835-'57;  was 
prevented  from  further  ministerial  work  by  feeble  health,  and 
died  Jan.  30,  1862,  at  New  Wilmington,  Pa. 

RAMSAY,  John  Adams: 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1846,  near  Portland  Mills,  Parke  Co., 
Ind. ;  was  graduated  at  the  State  University  of  Indiana  in 
1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  5, 
1881,  by  Princeton  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  May  19, 
'81,  by  the  same;  Missionary  at  Chase  City  and  Blue  Stone, 
Va.,  1881- 

RAMSAY,  Sample: 

Was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  July,  1856,  by  Shenango 
Pres. ;  ordained  in  '60  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  New  Matamoras, 
Pleasant  Ridge  and  Brownsville,  in  the  Pres.  of  Wheeling, 
i860-' I ;  East  Union,  O. ,  Aug.  19,  1862-Oct.  7,  '63;  joined 
the  Asso.  Synod,  and  is  now  pastor  of  its  congregations  of 
West  Liberty  and  New  Brighton,  Pa. 

RAMSEY,  Robert  George: 

Was  born  Oct.  25,  1861,  in  Washington  Co.,  111.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Aug.  5,  1886,  by  Southern  Illinois,  and  ordained 
June  14,  '87,  by  Wheeling;  pastor  of  Cadiz,  O.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 

RANDLES,  Wiluam  N.*: 

Was  born  Mar.  14,  1837,  at  W.  Hebron,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  May  6,  1862,  by  Argyle  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained May  4,  '64,  by  Albany;  pastor  at  W.  Charlton,  Sara- 
toga Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1864-Ap.  30,  '72;  passed  to  the  Ref. 
Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Glenville,  Schenectady  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  1873,  until  his  death,  Nov.  19,  1881. 


THE    MINISTRY.  545 


RANKIN,  Adam  (A.  R.)^ 

Was  licensed  in  1782,  and  ordained  in  1784,  and  became 
pastor  of  the  Mt.  Zion  Ch.  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  of  Pisgah, 
six  miles  in  the  country,  in  1784.  He  was  the  first  Presby- 
terian pastor  in  Lexington,  and  perhaps  in  all  that  immediate 
region.  The  Pres.  of  Transylvania  under  the  care  of  the 
Gen.  Ass.  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  was  early  organized  in  this 
part  of  Kentucky.  The  use  of  Watts'  Psalms  and  Hymns 
was  authorized,  and  they  were  supplanting  the  Scotch  version 
of  the  Psalms  hitherto  exclusively  in  use.  Mr.  Rankin  op- 
posed this  substitution  and  carried  it  as  "a  question  of  con- 
science" to  the  Gen.  Ass.  of  1789.  Subsequently  the  matter 
came  into  Pres.  Hard  things  were  said  in  Pres.  and  out  of  it 
by  both  Mr.  Rankin  and  those  ministers  who  had  introduced 
Watts.  The  result  was  he  was  regularly  charged  before  Pres. : 
First,  for  saying  that  on  some  extraordinary  occasions  he  re- 
ceived special  directions  from  God,  through  the  medium  of 
dreams;  and  second,  that  he  had  repeatedly  charged  his 
brethren  who  used  Watts  with  deism  and  blasphemy.  He 
was  found  guilty  and  suspended.  He  denied  positively  the 
truth  of  both  charges.  No  doubt  but  that  he  did  attach  too 
much  importance  to  dreams;  it  was  one  of  his  peculiarities. 
But  that  he  was  sometimes  directed  from  heaven  in  dreams 
he  distinctly  disavowed.  As  to  the  second  charge,  he  formu- 
lated his  accusation  thus:  "To  say  that  anything  dictated  by 
the  Spirit  of  God  in  the  Old  Testament  is  opposed  to  the 
spirit  of  the  New  is  blasphemous;  for  both  Testaments  were 
dictated  by  the  same  Spirit  and  cannot  be  opposed  to  each 
other;  nothing  can  be  a  stronger  support  for  deism  than  to 
set  the  Word  of  God  at  odds  against  itself" 

Mr.  Rankin  declined  the  authority  of  his  Presbytery,  and 
his  own  congregations  remained  with  him,  and  large  portions 
of  many  of  the  surrounding  congregations  sympathized  with 
him,  and  these  he  organized  into  new  societies.  Transylva- 
nia Presbytery  regarded  all  this  as  schismatical  and  proceeded 
to  depose  him.  This  was  about  1793.  Instead  of  starting  a 
new  denomination,  he  applied  to  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania  for  admission.  The  Rev.  John  Young,  of 
precious  memory,  was  sent  out  to  investigate  the  situation, 


546  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  Mr.  Rankin  was  received  to  the  fellowship  of  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Ch.  and  his  congregations  supplied  the  material  for  the 
organization  of  the  Pres.  of  Kentucky,  which  took  place  in 
1800. 

In  1812  began  that  unfortunate  difficulty  between  him  and 
Dr.  Robert  H.  Bishop,  which  resulted  so  disastrously  to  the 
interests  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  in  Kentucky.  (See  article 
Bishop,  Robert  H.)  The  Comviission  of  the  General  Synod, 
which  visited  Kentucky  in  1818,  to  adjudicate  the  matter  be- 
tween Messrs,  Bishop  and  Rankin,  rebuked  the  former  and 
suspended  the  latter.  Mr.  Rankin  refused  to  submit  to  this 
suspension,  as  he  had  declined  the  authority  of  the  Conmiis- 
sion^  but  he  carried  the  matter  no  further,  and  showed  no  in- 
clination to  be  any  longer  connected  with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch. 
He  was  now  superannuated,  worn  out  with  years  and  labors, 
and  no  longer  able  for  active  duties.  There  is  a  tradition 
that  in  1824  he  started  on  a  pilgrimage  to  Jerusalem  and  the 
Holy  Land,  and  when  he  had  arrived  at  Philadelphia  his 
strength  failed  him  and  he  died  and  was  buried  there. 

There  can  be  no  question  that  Mr.  Rankin  was  "encom- 
passed with  infirmities,"  that  he  was  sensitive,  a  little  jeal- 
ous, impulsive  and  strong  of  will,  so  that  he  soon  put  himself 
on  the  defensive,  and  always  with  his  face  to  the  foe,  and  he 
had  the  misfortune  of  living  at  a  time  when  ecclesiastical 
things  did  not  always  run  smoothly.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is 
just  as  certain  that  he  was  loyal  to  the  truth  and  valorous  in 
its  defence,  however  faulty  in  his  methods.  He  was  of  un- 
questioned ,piety,  and  commanded  the  full  confidence  of  those 
among  whom  he  lived.  He  possessed  unusual  eloquence  and 
power  in  the  pulpit,  and  often  moved  a  whole  congregation  to 
tears. 

The  Cormnission  worshipped  one  Sabbath  in  Mr.  Rankin's 
church,  but  he  did  not  recognize  any  of  them  as  ministers, 
and  gave  out  the  first  eight  or  ten  verses  of  the  thirty-fifth 
Psalm,  which  the  congregation  sang  with  a  fervor  which 
showed  that  they  were  thinking  of  the  Commission. 

One  day,  in  his  country  congregation,  after  the  period  for 
"intermission,"  he  did  not  come  in,  and  Mr.  Meek,  one  of 
his  old  elders,  went  out  to  hunt  him  up,  and  found  him  in  a 


THE   MINISTRY.  547 

neighboring  cane-brake,  prostrate  upon  his  face,  with  his 
Bible  open  before  him  and  wet  with  tears.  When  told  that 
the  time  was  past  and  the  people  waiting,  he  answered,  "I 
have  not  had  the  Master's  presence  for  the  last  week,  and  I 
cannot  go.  I  cannot  preach."  When  further  urged,  he  asked 
Mr.  Meek  about  the  meaning  of  the  text  and  to  suggest  some- 
thing for  him  to  say,  for  that  he  was  deserted  and  knew  not 
what  to  say.  Mr.  Meek  finally  induced  him  to  cast  himself 
upon  his  Master's  support  and  make  the  trial.  The  result 
was  a  sermon  of  surpassing  power  and  unction,  so  as  to  be 
memorable  among  his  great  sermons,  of  which  there  were  not 
a  few. 
RANKIN,  Alexander  Reed  (A.): 

Was  born  Oct.  15,  1828,  in  Washington,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Washington  in  1847,  and  studied  theology  in  Canons- 
burg;  was  licensed  Oct.  2,  1851,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  17,  '52,  by  Northern  Indiana;  pastor  of  Morea, 
111.,  Aug.,  i852-'6;  Slippery  Rock,  Butler  Pres.,  Feb.,  1857- 
'61;  then  thrown  aside  for  several  years  by  illness;  was  pastor 
of  Xenia  Prairie,  111.,  i866-'72;  Milroy  and  Vienna,  Ind., 
Jan.,  1873-June  27,  '76;  Murraysville  and  Beulah,  Westmore- 
land Co.,  Pa.,  June  10,  1879-Feb.  16,  '86;  Americus,  Kan., 
since  Mar.  31,  1886. 
RANKIN,  James  Doig: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Alex.  R. ;  was  born  July  14,  1855,  in  Craw- 
ford Co.,  111.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1882,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  10,  1884, 
by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  25,  '85,  by  Colo- 
rado; pastor  in  Denver,  Col.,  since  ordination. 

RANKIN,  James  Graham  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  Alex.  R. ;  was  born  in  Warren,  Jefferson  Co.,  O., 
in  182 1 ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1842,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  15,  1847,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  18,  '47,  by  Northern  Indiana; 
was  pastor  of  Robinson  congregation,  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
from  Ap. ,  1849,  until  his  death,  Nov.  6,  1868. 
RAWSON,  William  T.  : 

Was  received  in  Ap.,  i860,  by  the  Pres.  of  St.  Louis  from 


548  THE   MINISTRY, 

the  Baptist  Ch.,  having  been  ordained  Ap,  4,  1850,  by  a  Bap- 
tist Council.  After  supplying  in  Illinois  for  three  or  four 
years  he  went  to  Michigan  in  1865,  and  supplied  Marlette 
and  its  connections,  in  Sanilac  and  Lapeer  counties,  i865-'78; 
and  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Ap.,  1881. 

REASONER,  JohnR.*: 

Was  born  Dec.  10,  1836,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  22,  1863,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  18,  '65,  by  Wabash;  pastor  at  Idaville,  Ind.,  Ap.,  1865- 
'6;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Elmwood 
and  at  Collinsville,  111.,  where  in  a  fit  of  insanity  he  com- 
mitted suicide.  May  21,  1885. 

REED,  George  Murray: 

Was  born  July  22,  1848,  near  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1875,  by  First 
New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  18,  '76,  by  Mansfield; 
pastor  of  Haysville  and  Monroe,  Ashland  Co.,  O.,  Ap.,  1876- 
Ap.  20,  '80,  and  at  Newville,  Pa.,  since  Sept.  28,  1880. 

REED,  James  Alexander: 

Was  born  Feb.  20,  1855,  in  New  York  city;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  29,  1884,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  11, 
'85,  by  Neosho;  pastor  at  Emporia,  Kan.,  Feb.  25,  1886-Dec., 
'86;  Grove  City,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.  19,  1887- 

REED,  Samuel  Barr,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  6,  1831,  in  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at  Canons- 
burg and  Xenia;';  was  licensed  May  16,  1856,  by  Philadelphia 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  29,  '57,  by  Allegheny;  was  pastor  of 
First  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Ap.,  1857-July  11,  '59;  Fifth  Ch., 
Pittsburgh,  Feb.  28,  1860-Mar.  31,  '74;  S.  S.  at  Evans,  Col., 
1874-6,  and  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  1877-1881.  He  was  Prof, 
of  Theology  in  Knoxville  College  during  his  residence  there; 
pastor  at  Evans,  Col.,  Ap.  7,  1882-Ap.  6,  '83,  and  supplied 
at  Davenport,  la.,  until  his  death,  Ap.  10,  1884.  Publica- 
tions:   A   Sinner   Saved,   a  Tract;   The  Polished  Jewel,  an 


THE   MINISTRY.  549 

Address;  a  lyectnre  on  Pastoral  Visitation;  a  Thanksgiving 

Sermon, 

REED,  William  G.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  1828  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at 
Duquesne  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Mar.  28,  1849,  ^Y  Monongahela  Pres. ,  and  ordained 
Mar.  28,  '54,  by  Lawrence;  pastor  of  Mahoning  and  Harbor 
Mar.,  1854-7;  of  Harmarville,  Allegheny  Co.,  since  Aug., 
i860,  and  of  Springdale  as  a  branch  since  Dec.  14,  '75. 

REID,  Archibald  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1809,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1836,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  17,  1840,  by  Cambridge  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.  20,  '42,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Cambridge, 
N.  Y.,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death  Feb.  27,  1847. 
REID,  David  Fullerton  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Aug.  5,  1810,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1838  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  13,  1841,  by  Blairsville  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
Nov.,  '41,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  of  Millersburg,  Mill  Creek 
and  White  Eyes,  O.,  Nov.,  i84i-'56;  Uniontown  and  Egypt, 
O.,  July,  i857-'64;  S.  S.  at  Pepin,  Wis.,  i867-'76;  his  health 
having  failed,  he  retired  to  Lockport  Station,  Westmoreland 
Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  died  Dec.  13,  1880. 
REID,  Edward  Fortescue,  Ph.  d: 

Was  born  at  Kinross,  Scotland,  of  Irish  parents;  was  partly 
educated  at  Queen's  College,  Belfast;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in 
1858,  and  was  graduated  at  Hanover,  Ind.,  in  1861;  served  in 
the  cavalry  throughout  the  civil  war,  rising  from  a  private  to 
a  captain;  taught  at  Hanover,  and  at  Wooster,  O. ;  was  Prof, 
of  Languages  in  Ohio  Central  College,  i868-'7o;  Pres.  of  the 
same  i870-'74;  Prof,  of  Latin  and  Hebrew  in  Monmouth 
since  1874;  studied  theology  privately;  licensed  Aug.  31,  1881, 
by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  29,  '83,  by  the  same; 
S.  S.  of  Smith  Creek,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  since  1882. 
REID,  John  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  May  23,  1849,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York  as  a 
licentiate  from  the  Duncannon  Pres.  in  Ireland;  and  ordained 


550  THE   MINISTRY. 

June  28,  '50,  by  that  Pres. ;  pastor  at  Bloomingburgh,  N.  Y., 
June,  1850-Ap.,  '58,  after  which  he  returned  to  Ireland. 
REID,  Robert,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1781,  near  Belfast,  Ireland;  came  to  Phil- 
adelphia in  1798;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1805,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  under 
Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  1809  by  the  Philadelphia  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  21,  '12,  by  Monongahela;  was  at  ordination 
installed  as  pastor  of  Erie  and  Waterford,  Pa.,  giving  to  the 
former  three-fourths  of  his  time  and  to  the  latter  the  other 
fourth;  resigned  Waterford  June  30,  '41,  and  retained  Erie 
until  his  death,  May  15,  1844.  He  was  largely  instrumental 
in  founding  the  Academy  in  Erie,  and  supported  it  in  every 
way;  being  a  very  superior  mathematician,  he  gave  in  it  oc- 
casional lectures  on  astronomy  as  long  as  he  lived.  Upon  one 
occasion  he  was  thrown  from  his  carriage  upon  his  head  and 
greatly  stunned;  after  consciousness  returned  he  found  that  he 
had  lost  all  knowledge  of  Hebrew,  and  was  compelled  to  be- 
gin with  the  alphabet  in  reacquiring  it.  In  the  war  of  181 2 
he  acted  as  chaplain  to  Perry's  fieet,  and  served  in  the  same 
capacity  for  the  army  on  land,  and  when  the  enemy  approached 
he  took  his  place  in  the  ranks  to  assist  in  repelling  the  attacks. 
Publications:  A  Funeral  Sermon  on  the  Death  of  Lieut. 
Brooks,  U.  S.  N.,  1813;  The  Reign  of  Truth  and  Righteous- 
ness (about  to  commence),  a  Sermon,  1824;  Observations  on 
Dr.  Watts'  Preface  to  the  Psalms  of  David,  a  pamphlet,  1825; 
The  Seven  Last  Plagues,  being  Dissertations  on  the  Prophe- 
cies of  the  Book  of  Daniel,  and  on  the  Book  of  Revelation, 
8vo.,  1828;  Helps  to  Christian  Devotions,  consisting  of  Criti- 
cal Translations  of  and  Dissertation  on  the  first  twenty-three 
Psalms,  i2mo.,  1833;  Two  Tracts  on  Church  Government, 
1839  and  1841. 
REID,  Samuel  C.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  26,  1824,  i^  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1849,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  Oct.  18,  1853,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct. 
26,  '56,  by  Muskingum;  was  pastor  of  Ridge  and  Clearfork, 
O.,  Oct.,  1856-Ap.,  '59;  of  Cherry  Run,  Clarion  Co.,  Pa., 
May,   i860-' 64;    installed  over  Centreville  and  Springfield, 


THE    MINISTRY.  55 1 

Butler  Pres.,  June,  1865;  resigned  the  former  in  '67  and  the 

latter  Jan.  15,  '78;  pastor  of  Hookstown  and  Tumlinson  Run, 

Pa.,  Jan.  14,  1879-Ap.    11,   '82;  died  from  paralysis,  Feb.  4, 

1887. 

REID,  William  Hervey: 

Was  born  July  7,  1827,  at  Massie's  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Miami  University  in  1855,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Oxford  under  Dr.  Claybaugh,  and  in  the  Ref  Pres. 
Sem.  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  May  20,  i860,  by  the  Ref. 
Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  ordained  in  '62  by 
the  Northern  (Ref.  Pres.);  was  pastor  at  West  Barnet,  Vt., 
i862-'7;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1872;  pastor 
at  Walton,  Ontario,  Canada,  Jan.  7,  i88o-'3;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  in  1886,  and  is  at  Melvern,  Kan. 

REID,  William  James,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  17,  1834,  in  S.  Argyle,  Washington  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1855,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1861,  by  Argyle  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  7,  '62,  by  Monongahela;  has  been  pastor  of 
First  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  since  ordination.  Was  Secretary  of 
the  Board  of  Home  Missions,  i868-'72;  was  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  to  prepare  the  Digest,  1876;  and  has  been  Princi- 
pal Clerk  of  the  General  Assembly  since  1875;  delegate  to 
the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884.  Publications:  Unseen 
Battles  of  Youth,  a  Sermon;  The  Nation's  Duty  to  the  Na- 
tion's Dead,  a  Sermon;  Lectures  on  the  Revelation,  8vo.,  pp. 
610;  United  Presbyterianism,  i8mo. ,  pp.  192,  1881. 

RENWICK,  Andrew: 

Was  born  Oct.  11,  1842,  at  Idaville,  White  Co.,  Ind. ;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  27,  1866,  by  Wabash  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained, sine  titiilo^  Nov.  26,  '67,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  i867-'9;  pastor  at  Olathe,  Kan.,  May  2,  1869- 
June  24,  '74;  at  S.  Henderson,  111.,  since  Oct.  24,  1875. 
Publication:  A  Historic  Discourse  of  South  Henderson,  pp. 
32,  1876. 
RENWICK,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  licensed  Jan.  i,  1807,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  Carolina, 


552  THE    MINISTRY. 

and  ordained  June  28,  '09,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Gil- 
der's Creek,  Newberry  Co.,  S.  C,  and  supply  to  Warrior's 
Creek  i8o9-'i4,  and  then  preached  as  supply  in  that  section 
of  country  until  his  death.  He  was  a  man  of  more  than  ordi- 
nary intellect  and  attainments,  and  in  conversation  very 
ready  and  very  Jiiient^  but  in  preachingland  praying  he  hesi- 
tated and  stammered.  A  good  man,  and  in  many  ways  a  use- 
ful man. 
REN  WICK,  John  Arthur: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  Andrew;  was  born  May  16,  1852,  at 
Idaville,  Ind. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1879,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1881,  by 
Wabash  Pres. ,  and  ordained  Ap.  19,  '82,  by  Chillicothe;  pas- 
tor of  Tranquillity,  Adams  Co.,  O.,  Ap.  19,  1882-Ap.,  '87; 
Biggsville,  111.,  May,  1887- 
REYNOIvDS,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  25,  1804,  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
reared  in  the  Forks  of  Yough,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1823,  ^^^^  studied  theology  with  the 
Rev.  Alex.  Porter;  was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1825,  ^Y  First  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  28,  '26,  by  the  same;  was  supply 
and  pastor-elect  at  Kaskaskia,  111.,  i826-'9;  S.  S.  of  Sidney 
and  Piqua,  O.,  i829-'3i;  pastor  of  Providence  and  Mt.  Pleas- 
ant, Clinton  and  Montgomery  counties,  Ind.,  1 832-' 40;  Con- 
cord and  Clear  Creek,  O.,  1840-Ap.,  '45;  Fairhaven,  Preble 
Co.,  O.,  1845  until  his  death,  Sept.  4,  1846. 

REYNOLDS,  John  Abercrombie,  D.  D.  : 

Son  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  Dec.  9,  1836,  at  Frankfort, 
Clinton  Co.,  Ind.;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1859,  and 
studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  June,  1861, 
by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  17,  '63,  by  Mon- 
mouth; was  pastor  of  Cedar  Creek,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  June, 
i863-'72;  at  Rock  Island,  111.,  Oct.  15,  1872-Oct.  13,  '85; 
Putnam,  N.  Y.,  since  Dec.  9,  1885.  Publication:  Faith  and 
Assurance,  a  Sermon,  pp.  22. 

RICHEY,  John  Elliott*: 

Was  born  Aug.  15,  1839,  at  Norwich,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 


THE   MINISTRY.  553 

and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1867,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  14,  '68,  by  St.  Louis;  was  pastor  of  Hope- 
well, Perry  Co.,  111.,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Dec. 
30,  1874. 

RICHIE,  William  Marshall: 

Was  born  May  16,  1832,  near  Mansfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  9,  1861,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
II,  '62,  by  Frankfort;  was  pastor  at  Hanover,  Pa.,  Sept., 
1862-June  20,  '65;  Crawfordsville,  la.,  Ap.  26,  1866-June  21, 
'71;  Paxton,  111.,  Oct.  27,  1872-Ap.  10,  ''']']\  Springhill,  Ind., 
May  2,  1877-Ap.  2,  '79;  S.  S.  in  Martin,  Mich.;  pastor  at 
Marshalltown,  la.,  Ap.  11,  i88i-'83;  Burchard,  Neb.,  since 
May  23,  1884- 

RICHIE,  William  Nelson: 

Was  born  Feb.  13,  1846,  in  Shelby  Co.,  Tenn. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1876,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  19,  ''']']^  by  Second  New  York;  pastor  of  the  44th  St. 
Ch.,  New  York,  from  ordination  to  Mar.  20,  '82,  when  he 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch,,  and  is  located  in  Philadelphia. 

RIDDELL,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1758,  in  county  Monaghan,  Ireland;  was  grad- 
uated at  Glasgow  University,  Scotland,  in  1782,  and  studied 
theology  in  the  Burgher  Hall  under  John  Brown,  of  Hadding- 
ton; was  licensed  June  14,  r788,  and  ordained  on  the  i8th  of 
Nov.  of  the  same  year  by  the  Burgher  Pres.  of  Monaghan; 
was  pastor  of  the  congregation  of  Donaghloney,  in  county 
Down,  Nov.,  i788-'93.  He  emigrated  to  the  U.  S.,  and  on 
the  15th  of  May,  1794,  was  received  by  the  Second  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  accepted  the  same  day  a  call  from 
the  congregations  of  Robinson  Run  and  Union,  a  short  dis- 
tance west  of  Pittsburgh,  and  was  installed  Aug.  15,  '94.  He 
resigned  Union  Sept.  11,  '16,  and  retained  the  other  until  his 
death,  Sept.  4,  1829.  ^^  possessed  a  mind  of  a  very  superior 
order;  was  not  only  scholarly,  but  he  thought  clearly,  log- 
ically, profoundly,  and  had  very  great  influence  in  his  eccles- 
iastical relations.     He  was  very  much  attached  to  the  distinc- 

35 


554  I'HE   MINISTRY. 

tive  principles  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch,,  and  in  the  Old  General 
Synod  steadily  opposed  every  innovation,  and  was  one  of  the 
leaders  in  the  reorganization  of  the  Synod  of  Scioto  into  the 
Independent  Synod  of  the  West.  His  last  illness  was  pro- 
tracted and  painful,  but  he  was  upheld  by  the  arm  of  his 
Master,  and  cheered  by  the  light  of  his  countenance.  Some 
of  his  last  words  were:  "It  is  nothing  to  die  in  Christ;  I  am 
sinking  fast,  but  I  am  not  afraid,  for  the  arm  of  God  is  sup- 
porting me. ' '   His  very  last  words  were :  "  I  am  going  home. ' ' 

RIDDELL,  Joseph  Kerr  (A.  R.)*: 

Youngest  son  of  Dr.  John;  was  born  near  Noblestown  in 
Allegheny  Co. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1832,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny ;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1843,  by  Steuben- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo,  in  Ap.,  '45,  by  Mans- 
field; was  pastor  of  Bear  Creek,  Mt.  Varnum  and  Lawrence- 
burg,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  1847-Sept.  6,  '48.  He  soon  after- 
ward left  the  ministry,  and  studied  and  practiced  medicine, 
and  was  drowned  Ap.  8,  1875,  in  the  Boisd'Arc,  near  Elwood, 
Texas. 

RIDDLE,  Cunton: 

Was  born  Sept.  29,  1851,  near  Clintonville,  Venango  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh ;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1875,  by  First  New 
York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '78,  by  Neosho;  pastor  at 
Walton,  Harvey  Co.,  Kan.,  Ap.  2,  1879-Ap.  12,  '81;  Dunbar, 
Neb.,  Nov.  16,  1886- 
RILEY,  John  R.  (colored): 

Was  received  in  1867,  as  a  licentiate  from  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  of  Canada,  and  employed  by  the  Freedmen's  Board  in 
Tennessee;  was  ordained  in  1868,  by  the  Pres.  of  Tennessee, 
and  transferred  to  the  Mission  in  Leavenworth,  Kan. ;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1870,  and  located  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
and  subsequently  in  Washington  city. 
RIPPEY,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Nov.  24,  1828,  near  Geneva,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
uated  at  Union  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh 
and  Princeton;  was  licensed  Dec.  14,  1852,  by  Caledonia  Pres. , 
and  ordained  Aug.  6,  '56,  by  Saratoga;  pastor  of  W.  Kort- 


THE   MINISTRY.  555 

right,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.,  1856-Nov.,  '66;  at  Ciiyler- 
ville,  Iviviiigston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  Dec.  26,  1866. 
RISK,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  and  educated  in  Scotland,  studying 
theology  under  Dr.  Lawson  in  class  of  1794,  a  classmate  of  Dr. 
James  Laurie;  was  licensed  by  the  Burgher  Pres.  of  Derry,  in 
Ireland;  was  received  Jan.  14,  1802,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  01 
New  York,  and  ordained  in  Nov.  1804,  by  Kentucky;  pastor 
of  Cherry  Fork  and  Eagle  Creek,  Adams  Co.,  O.,  i8o4-'8; 
declined  a  call  to  Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  before  Mr.  Porter's 
arrival;  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Sycamore  and  Clear  Creek, 
Butler  and  Warren  counties,  O.,  i8o8-'i3;  married  the  widow 
of  Israel  Ludlow  of  Cumminsville,  O.,  turned  farmer  and 
lived  and  labored  upon  her  farm,  which  is  now  included  in 
the  bounds  of  the  beautiful  "Spring  Grove  Cemetery  "  at  Cin- 
cinnati, where  he  died  in  Oct.,  1818. 

RITCHIE,  Andrew  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  New  Leeds,  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  Dec.  26, 
1826;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1848;  was  graduated  at  Woodward 
College  in  Cincinnati  in  185 1,  and  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  in  1852  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  '53  by  Chillicothe;  was  pastor  at  Greenfield  and  Fall  Creek, 
Highland  Co.,  O.,  i853-'65;  united  with  the  Presbyterian  Ch. , 
and  has  been  editor  and  secretary  of  the  Western  Tract  Soci- 
ety, Cincinnati,  O.  He  has  published  about  a  dozen  diflferent 
works,  running  from  96  to  576  pages  each. 

ROBB,  John  PorterfieIvD,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Mar.  18,  1830,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  in  June,  1858,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
28,  '60,  by  Boston;  was  pastor  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  Ap., 
1860-Sept.,  '73;  S.  S.  i874-'5,  in  Indianapolis,  Ind. ;  pastor 
of  Iberia,  Morrow  Co.,  O.,  since  Nov.  17,  1875;  is  also  Presi- 
dent of  Ohio  Central  College  at  Iberia. 
ROBB,  William  Andrew: 

Brother  of  John  P. ;  was  born  July  13,  1832,  in  New  Athens, 
Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1855,  9-"^ 
studied   theology  at   Xenia;  was   licensed  Ap.    10,   1861,  by 


556  THE   MINISTRY. 

Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  23,  '63,  by  Xenia;  has  been 
pastor  of  Jamestown,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  since  ordination.  He 
was  Prof,  of  Mathematics  in  Muskingum  College  during  1857. 
ROBERTSON,  Gilbert  Hamilton  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  S.  Argyle,  Washington  Co. ,  N.  Y. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Union  in  1849,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Oct.  22,  1855,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Cambridge, 
and  ordained  July  13,  '58,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Wash- 
ington; was  pastor  of  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  July,  1858-Mar.  28,  '60; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
in  Springfield,  111. ,  and  in  Louisville,  Ky.  Has  no  ecclesias- 
tical connections,  and  is  editor  at  Sandwich,  111. 
ROBERTSON,  James  Lovejoy: 

Was  born  Sept.  5,  1837,  in  Steubenville,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Geneva  College,  O.,  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  June  9,  1857,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  July  12,  '59,  by  Caledonia;  was  pastor  in  Geneva, 
N.  Y.,  July,  1859-May  15,  '67;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch., 
and  held  several  pastorates,  and  is  at  Hadley,  Pa. 
ROBERTSON,  John  Lyfier: 

Was  born  at  Thorold,  Ontario,  Canada;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Mar.  28,  1865,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  22, 
'67,  by  Stamford;  pastor  of  Walton,  Canada,  1867-8;  Plumer, 
Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  i870-'4;  Leesburg  and  Plain  Grove,  Mer- 
cer Co.,  Pa.,  1874-' 7;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  of  Canada, 
and  became  pastor  at  Strabane. 
ROBERTSON,  John  S.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Du- 
quesne  College  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  28,  1849,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  9,  '52,  by  First  Ohio;  was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleas- 
ant, in  Butler  Co.,  O.,  June,  1852-Ap.  3,  '66;  at  Walton, 
Ontario,  Canada,  i866-'8;  was  S.  S.  at  Lowell,  Mass.,  1869; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  pastor  at  Waterman,  111. 
ROBERTSON,  Peter  Cowan  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  17,  1811,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1839,  and  studied  theology  at 


THE   MINISTRY.  557 

Newburgh;  was  licensed  June  i,  1842,  by  New  York  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  23,  '47,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  White 
Lake,  Sullivan  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Ap.  8,  1848-July  7,  '52;  S.  S.  at 
Freedom  and  Eagle  Village,  Cattaraugus  and  Wyoming  coun- 
ties, N.  Y.,  for  a  year,  and  pastor  at  Howard,  Steuben  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Oct.  27,  1858-June,  '83;  had  been  S.  S.  for  some  time 
before  installation  at  both  White  Lake  and  Howard, 
ROBERTSON,  Robert  B.*: 

Brother  of  John  S. ;  was  born  in  1839  in  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1865,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1865,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  30,  '67,  by  Butler;  pastor  at  Freeport 
and  Buffalo,  Armstrong  Co.,  from  his  ordination  until  his 
death,  Sept.  14,  1872.  Publication:  He  was  the  principal  one 
in  preparing  and  arranging  the  Music  of  the  United  Presbyte- 
rian Psalter, 
ROBERTSON,  William: 

Was  born  Mar.  14,  1828,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  studied 
theology  privately  under  the  direction  of  the  Pres.  of  Detroit; 
was  licensed  Nov.  15,  i860,  by  the  Detroit  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Mar.  26,  '61,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Troy  and  Southfield, 
Mich.,  Mar.,  i86i-Ap.  21,  '68;  Block  way,  Red  House  and 
Clyde,  Mich.,  Sept.,  i868-Ap.,  '75;  General  Missionary  in 
Mich.,  Ap.,  1875-Sept.,  '78;  pastor  at  Parker's  Landing, 
Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  21,  1879-Jan.  15,  '84. 

ROBINSON,  Charles  Henry: 

Son  of  Dr.  W.  J.;  was  born  Oct.  23,  i860,  at  Beulah,  Mon- 
roe Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1883,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1886,  by 
Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  27,  '86,  by  Caledonia; 
pastor  at  Mumford,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

ROBINSON,  George  Alexander  Boyd: 

Was  born  July  17,  1844,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Jefferson  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1868,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  29,  '69,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Temperance- 
ville,  near  Pittsburgh,  June,  1869-Mar.  26,  '72;  Oxford, 
Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  May  19,  1873-Mar.  27,  '76;  Jersey  City,  N, 


558  THE    MINISTRY. 

J.,  June  27,  1877-Ap.  9,  '78;  Brookville  and  Jefferson,  Jeffer- 
son Co.,  Pa.,  since  May  8,  1878. 
ROBINSON,  Joseph  B.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  June  15,  1848,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  New 
York  from  the  Congregational  Union  of  England  and  Wales; 
was  pastor  at  E.  Springfield,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  9,  1849- 
'52;  transferred  in  the  autumn  of  1854  to  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  Canada. 
ROBINSON,  William  John,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  5,  1833,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ; 
was  graduated  at  Union  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  New- 
burgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  21,  1858,  by  Wash- 
ington Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  6,  '59,  by  Caledonia;  was 
pastor  of  Beulah,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec,  1859-Jan.  22,  '73; 
First  Ch.,  Allegheny,  since  Ap.  9,  1873;  delegate  to  the  Pres- 
byterian Council  of  1884. 

ROCKWELL,  Abner  Otis: 

Was  born  May  10,  1820,  in  Cambridge,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1843,  and  studied  theology  at 
the  Allegheny  Sem.  (Pres.);  was  licensed  Sept.  3,  1845,  ^Y 
Beaver  Pres.  (Pres.),  and  ordained  Jan.  16,  '48,  by  New  Lis- 
bon (Pres.);  pastor  of  Hubbard  and  Coitsville,  O. ,  1848- Ap., 
'53;  Mingo,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1853-Oct.,  '58;  Lebanon,  Allegheny 
Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1858-Oct.,  '68;  Frankfort,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  1869-Oct.,  '76;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  in 
1883,  and  is  engaged  in  Home  Mission  work. 

RODGERS,  Andrew  A.  (A.)*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  in  1829  ^^  Monroe 
Co. ,  Mo. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1849,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  17,  1853,  by 
Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  21,  '56,  by  Iowa;  was 
pastor  of  Homestead,  Rock  Island  Co.,  111.,  Aug.,  1856-Ap., 
'58;  engaged  in  missionary  work  for  a  year,  then  ceased  to 
preach,  and  in  i860  dropped  from  the  roll  of  the  church. 
He  ceased  preaching  because  he  had  become  skeptical.  He 
never  renounced  Christianity  nor  became  an  opponent  of  the 
gospel  or  the  church,  but  kept  up  the  forms  of  worship  as 
long  as  he  lived.     His  mental  and  spiritual   history  was  a 


THE    MINISTRY.  559 

very  sad  one.  He  claimed  that  his  doubts  were  constitutional, 
and  his  mind  was  perhaps  more  at  fault  than  his  heart.  He 
died  Feb.  17,  1875. 

RODGERS,  James,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  22,  i8cx),  at  Ballinahinch,  in  county  Down, 
Ireland,  and  received  a  liberal  English  education  with  a  view 
to  the  profession  of  a  civil  engineer.  In  1820  he  came  to  the 
U,  S.  and  settled  in  Crawford  Co.,  Pa. ;  changed  his  plans  of 
life  and  resolved  to  study  for  the  ministry.  He  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1826,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  the  summer  of  1830  by  the  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  was  ordained  Oct.  20,  '31,  by  Chartiers; 
pastor  of  Noblestown  and  Ohio  congregations,  Chartiers  Pres. , 
Oct.,  1831-June,  '38;  Allegheny  City  (now  Second  United 
Presbyterian),  July,  1838-Ap.  4,  '60;  was  Superintendent  of 
the  Board  of  Publication,  1859  until  his  death,  July  23,  1868. 
In  his  last  moments  he  seemed  to  those  about  him  to  be  suf- 
fering greatly,  but  he  insisted  that  he  did  not  suffer  at  all, 
saying:  "I  know  I  am  sick;  I  must  be  very  sick,  but  I  have 
no  pain.  I  wonder  if  this  is  dying;  it  is  so  strange."  Among 
his  last  words  he  was  heard  to  say,  "  Peace,  peace,  peace;  all 
is  peace."     Publication:  Lectures  on  Pilgrim's  Progress,  8vo. 

RODGERS,  James: 

Was  ordained  July  12,  1833,  by  York  Pres.  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Canada;  was  received  Oct.  21,  1859,  by 
the  Pres.  o^  Xenia;  was  S.  S.  to  Canonsburg  and  Leipsic, 
Hancock  Co.,  O.,  for  1863,  and  pastor  Oct.,  1864-8;  S.  S.  at 
Vandalia,  Owen  Co.,  Ind.,  1869-70;  S.  S.  for  Eden  Prairie 
and  Glendale,  in  Scott  Co.,  Minn.,  for  a  year,  and  then  pastor 
July  16,  1872-Oct.  I,  1875;  S.  S.  for  Caledonia,  in  Wabasha, 
Minn.,  1876-8,  and  is  without  charge  and  infirm  at  Hastings, 
Minn. 

RODGERS,  John,  M.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1745  in  Crieflf,  Perthshire,  Scotand;  was  grad- 
uated at  the  University  of  St.  Andrews,  and  studied  theology 
with  the  younger  Moncrieff  at  Alloa,  to  which  he  added  a 
full  course  of  medecine.  1770  he  was  appointed  by  his 
Synod  as  a  missionary  to  America,  and  was  ordained  during 


560  THE    MINISTRY. 

the  summer  and  sailed  in  the  autumn  in  company  with  John 
Smith.  They  had  a  long,  tedious  passage,  and  landed  late  in 
the  winter.  They  were  instructed  by  the  Synod  to  require 
the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  to  annul  the  agreement  made  in 
1767  with  Telfair  and  Kinlock,  who  had  been  sent  out  by  the 
Burgher  Synod,  and,  in  case  of  the  Presbytery's  refusal,  to 
organize  a  new  Pres.  On  the  4th  of  June,  1771,  they  met 
with  the  Pres.  at  Pequea,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  and  submitted 
their  instructions.  On  the  evening  of  the  next  day  the  Pres. 
took  action  on  this  matter,  and  admitted  "  they  had  taken 
some  steps  inconsistent  with  their  subordination  to  the 
Synod,"  but  unanimously  resolved  that  "they  do  not  judge 
it  for  edification,  in  their  present  peculiar  circumstances,  ex- 
plicitly to  comply  with  the  Synod's  demands."  The  com- 
missioners were  sensible  men,  and  when  they  had  gotten  on 
the  ground  and  fully  understood  the  circumstances  of  the 
case,  they  concluded  that  the  Pres.  had  acted  more  wisely 
than  the  Synod,  and  they  pursued  the  matter  no  further,  but 
handed  in  their  certificates  and  quietly  took  their  seats  as 
coordinate  members;  and  this  was  the  last  trouble  that  the 
Scotch  Burgess  Oath  ever  gave  to  Seceders  in  America. 

Mr.  Rodgers  was  pastor  of  the  congregations  of  Big  Spring, 
at  Newville,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  and  East  Conecocheague, 
near  Brown's  Mill,  four  miles  from  Greencastle,  and  of  West 
Conecocheague,  at  Slate  Hill,  near  Mercersburg,  in  Franklin 
Co.,  1772-Ap.  4,  '81.  In  Oct.,  1777,  the  Pres.  first  began  to 
consider  the  case  of  Mr.  Rodgers,  "of  whom  it  is  known  that 
he  has  taught  a  number  of  tenets  which  the  Pres.  judge  not 
agreeable  to  our  received  principles."  The  investigation 
lingered  on  until  Ap.  4,  '81,  when  he  was  "deposed  from  the 
ministry  and  excommunicated  from  the  fellowship  of  the 
church  with  the  lesser  sentence  of  excommunication."  The 
doctrinal  errors  for  which  he  was  deposed  were,  "That  man- 
kind in  their  fallen  state  are  not  under  the  law  as  a  covenant; 
that  the  law  written  on  Adam's  heart  and  the  law  given  at 
Sinai  are  two  distinct  laws;  that  the  latter  is  no  part  of  the 
Covenant  of  Works;  that  Christ  did  not  purchase  by  his 
obedience  and  death  any  blessings  of  the  Covenant  of  Grace." 
Messrs.   Proudfit,   Henderson,    Marshall   and    Clarkson  were 


THE   MINISTRY.  56 1 

against  him,  while  Messrs.  Smith,  Logan  and  Murray  de- 
fended him.  When  Messrs.  Marshall  and  Clarkson,  in  June, 
1782,  protested  against  the  adoption  of  the  basis  of  union 
with  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Pres. ,  and  withdrew,  it  left  Mr. 
Rodgers'  friends  in  the  majority,  and  they  restored  him  to 
the  ministry.  He  went  into  the  union  and  was  present  at 
the  organization  of  the  Asso.  Ref  Synod,  Nov.  i,  1782.  He 
was  pastor  of  the  congregations  at  Timber  Ridge,  Rockbridge 
Co.,  and  Old  Providence,  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  1 783-' 90.  In 
1789  charges  were  preferred  against  him  in  Synod,  and 
Messrs.  Dobbin,  Boyse  and  Smith  were  appointed  to  go  to 
investigate  them.  Upon  their  report  Synod  in  1790  sus- 
pended him,  and  as  he  had  received  a  thorough  medical  edu- 
cation, he  concluded  to  give  up  the  ministry  and  give  his  time 
to  the  practice  of  medicine.  He  soon  acquired  a  large  prac- 
tice, and  continued  it  until  his  death,  which  took  place  in 
1812  on  his  farm  at  Timber  Ridge.  He  left  eight  sons  and 
two  daughters,  and  many  of  his  descendants  are  worthy  mem- 
bers of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  at  Mercer,  Pa.,  and 
around  Monmouth,  111. 
ROE,  John  Calvin: 

Was  born  May  4,  1847,  i^  Richland  Co.,  O.  ;was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  18,  1877,  ^Y  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained 
July  8,  '79,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  at  Service,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa., 
July  8,  i87Q-Oct.  15,  '82;  Kenton,  O.,  June  21,  1887- 
ROGERS,  James  (A.  R.)=^: 

W^as  born  Aug.  2,  1768,  in  county  Monaghan,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  two 
terms  with  Dr.  Lawson,  at  Selkirk,  Scotland,  and  was  then 
licensed  Sept.  8,  1789,  that  he  might  go  to  South  Carolina 
with  a  brother  and  a  sister.  He  landed  at  Charleston,  S.  C. , 
on  the  25th  of  Dec,  and  soon  went  to  Fairfield  and  Abbeville 
Districts;  was  present  at  Long  Cane  at  the  organization  of 
the  Asso.  Ref  Pres,  of  the  Carolinas  and  Georgia,  Feb.  24, 
1790,  and  officiated  as  clerk,  and  was  ordained  Feb.  23,  '91, 
by  this  Pres.  He  was  installed  at  ordination  in  the  pastorate 
of  Ebenezer  in  Fairfield  District,  and  of  Canon  Creek  and 
King's  Creek  in  Newberry  District.     About  1815  he  resigned 


562  THE    MINISTRY. 

the  Newberry  churches  and  retained  Ebenezer  until  his  death 
in  the  summer  of  1830,  from  the  effects  of  a  polypus.     He  was 
decidedly  attractive  and  popular  as  a  preacher,  and  equally  so 
as  a  man  in  his  private  intercourse. 
ROGERS,  Robert: 

Was  born  July  13,  1847,  ^^  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Western  University  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  30,  1868,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  31,  '71,  by  Albany;  pastor  of  Flor- 
ida, Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y. ,  since  ordination. 

ROSEBURG,  George  A. : 

Was  born  July  20,  1848,  in  Columbiana  Co.,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated in  1872  at  Westminster,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1880,  by  Steuben ville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  13,  '81,  by  Cleveland;  pastor  of  Liberty,  Trum- 
bull Co.,  O.,  since  ordination. 

ROSS,  James  Francis: 

Was  born  Mar.  6,  1859,  ^^  Monmouth,  111. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1881,  andstudied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Ap.  I,  1885,  by  College  Springs  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  29, 
'86,  by  Monmouth;  pastor  at  Elmira,  111.,  since  ordination. 

ROSS,  John  S.*: 

Was  born  Sept.  27,  1828,  near  Lexington,  Richland  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1861,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  '63,  by  Allegheny,  and 
ordained  Ap.  5,  '65,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  of  Birmingham,  la., 
Oct.,  1866-June,  'yy,  Wilsonville,  Neb.,  1883-Ap.  7,  '86. 
Died  Jan.  20,  1887. 

ROSS,  Martin  L.  : 

Was  born  in  Ireland,  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  when  quite 
young.  While  clerking  in  Philadelphia  he  studied  at  night, 
and  thus  fitted  himself  for  college;  was  graduated  at  Mon- 
mouth in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth  and  New- 
burgh;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1867,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  4,  '69,  by  Second  New  York;  pastor  of  First 
Ch.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  May,  1869-Mar.  4,  '72;  of  Iberia,  Mor- 
row Co.,  O.,  Mar.,  1872-Mar.  25,  '74;  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  is  in  Philadelphia. 


THE   MINISTRY.  563 

ROSS,  Randal  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  19,  18 18,  near  West  Newton,  Westmoreland 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1844,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1847,  ^Y  Blairs- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  25,  '49,  by  Second  Ohio;  in- 
stalled pastor  of  Cumberland  and  Sharon,  Noble  Co.,  O.,  at 
ordination ;  was  released  from  the  former  in  '  53  and  from  the 
latter  Ap.  i,  '60.  In  1850  he  started  a  classical  school,  which 
prospered,  and  in  '60  was  known  as  Sharon  College,  and  had 
80  students.  In  '59  he  bought  out  and  conducted  as  a  Radi- 
cal Republican  paper  the  Noble  County  Cojisoh'dated  Republi- 
can. Thus  situated  the  war  broke  out  and  his  patriotism 
boiled  over;  he  resigned  his  pastoral  charge,  sold  his  news- 
paper, and  at  the  close  of  his  college  commencement,  Oct.  16, 
'61,  announced  the  suspension  of  further  exercises,  and  on  the 
same  evening  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  62d  Ohio  volunteers 
— infantry.  He  was  soon  elevated  to  the  office  of  sixth  cor- 
poral, and  fought  at  Winchester  and  at  Port  Republic  and 
through  the  seven  days'  fight  before  Richmond,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter  by  the  Monitors, 
^P-  7)  '63-  During  this  time  he  had  also  filled  by  detail  the 
positions  of  ordnance  officer,  of  regimental  postmaster  and 
chief  clerk  of  the  brigade  commissary.  In  July,  '63,  un- 
known to  him.  Gov.  Todd,  of  Ohio,  got  an  order  from  the 
War  Department  for  his  discharge,  and  then  presented  him 
with  a  conmission  as  chaplain  of  the  15th  Regiment.  He 
joined  his  new  regiment  immediately,  and  remained  with  it 
until  the  war  was  over,  going  through  the  battles  of  Chicka- 
mauga.  Lookout  Mountain  and  some  twenty  others.  His 
four  years'  military  history  was  very  remarkable.  He  served 
in  twenty-one  States  of  the  Union,  made  fourteen  trips  and 
voyages  by  water;  was  in  scores  of  battles,  and  yet  was  never 
captured  or  wounded,  or  in  an  ambulance  or  hospital  from 
sickness.  During  his  service  he  was  a  regular  correspondent 
of  the  United  Presbyterian  and  other  papers.  He  devoted 
the  remainder  of  his  life  to  the  founding  and  building  up  of 
Lincoln  College,  at  Greenwood,  Mo.  He  became  prematurely 
infirm,  and  died  at  Greenwood,  Ap.  20,  1877. 


564  THE   MINISTRY. 

ROSS,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1815,  near  Newville,  Pa.,  and  reared  in 
Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated  at  Franklin,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  1848,  and  ordained  in  Nov., 
'49,  by  Second  Illinois;  pastor  at  S.  Henderson,  111.,  Nov., 
1849-Ap.  8,  '57;  was  one  of  the  founders  of  Monmouth  Col- 
lege, and  served  it  for  years  as  Financial  Agent  or  as  Profes- 
sor. His  health  became  very  infirm,  and  after  years  of  suffer- 
ing he  died  Oct.  30,  1873. 

RULE,  Alexander  Hume: 

Was  born  in  May,  1843,  in  Hindley,  Roxburghshire,  Scot- 
land; was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1868,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  1870  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  20,  '71,  by  Cedar  Rapids;  was  tutor 
in  Monmouth  1868-70;  pastor  at  Vinton,  la.,  Sept.,  1871- 
July  25,  '72;  and  soon  afterward  sailed  for  Egypt  as  a  foreign 
missionary.  His  views  upon  the  subjects  of  church  organiza- 
tion, ordinances,  etc.,  suddenly  changed,  and  in  the  spring  of 
''jT,  he  returned  from  Egypt,  withdrew  from  the  United  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  fully  identified  himself  with  the  Plymouth 
brethren,  and  has  labored  with  and  for  them  ever  since. 

RUSSEL,  Isaac  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  in  1856  by  the  Second  Asso.   Ref.   Pres.  of 
Illinois  from  the  Free  Ch.  of  Scotland,  and  soon  passed  else- 
where. 
RUSSELL,  John,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1796  in  Kinrosshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  Edinburgh  University,  and  studied  theology  under  Dr. 
John  Dick;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1823,  by  the  Pres.  of  Elgin; 
came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1825,  and  joined  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  was  by  it  ordained  Oct.  31,  '26;  was  installed  in 
Nov.,  1826,  as  pastor  of  Stamford,  Thorald  and  Beaver  Dam, 
in  Ontario,  Canada.  He  soon  confined  his  services  to  the 
first,  where  he  died,  Mar.  3,  1854,  from  asthmatic  consump- 
tion. 

RUSSELL,  Robert  McWatty: 

Was  born  Ap.  6,  1858,  at  Balm,  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at 


THK    MINISTRY.  565 

Alleglieny;  was  licensed  Ap.  i,  1884,  by  Allegheny  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  9,  '84,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of  Caledonia, 
N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

SANDS,  James  Davidson: 

Was  born  Feb.  t6,  1853,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.  30,  1875,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Dec.  19,  '76,  by  Beaver  Valley;  pastor  at  Beaver 
Dec,  1876-Feb.  24,  '80;  Seventh  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  since  Mar. 
30,  1880. 
SANDS,  John  Scott,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  i,  1844,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1867,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  21,  '68,  by  the  same.  He  gathered  and  organized 
the  Eighth  Ch.  in  Pittsburgh  in  June,  1868,  and  served  it  as 
actual  pastor  until  June  29,  '80;  then  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  is  pastor  of  the  Arch  St.  Ch.,  Philadelphia. 

SANDERSON,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  May  23,  1823,  i^^  Ballibay,  Ireland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Belfast  in  1845,  ^^^  studied  theology  under  the  care 
of  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York  (Stark  and  Blair),  and  was  by 
it  licensed  in  1849,  ^^^  ordained  in  '49;  pastor  in  Providence, 
R.  I.,  i849-'53;  ^^  ^  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  New  York  city 
i853-'69;  ..  Congregational  Ch.  in  Conn.  i872-'8;  now  Editor 
of  the  Pulpit  Treasury. 
SANKEY,  James  Patterson,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Ap.  10,  1839,  in  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1859,  ^^^  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1862,  by  the  Muskingum 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  30,  '64,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination.  Has  published  a  number 
of  sermons  and  addresses.  Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian 
Council  of  1884. 

SANSON,  Thomas  Alexander: 

Was  born  Oct.  20,  1834,  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap. ,  1861,  by  Albany  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  24, 


566  THE   MINISTRY. 

'62,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  of  Morning  Sun,   Louisa  Co.,   la., 
June,  1862-65;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at 
Argyle,  N.  Y. 
SAVAGE,  John  Adams,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  9,  1800,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Union  in  1822,  and  studied  theology  privately,  principally 
with  B.  K.  Maxwell,  of  Delhi,  and  Robert  Forrest,  of  Stam- 
ford, N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  May  4,  1825,  by  the  Pres,  of  Wash- 
ington, and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  Feb.  12,  '27,  by  the  same; 
was  S.  S.  at  Fort  Covington,  Franklin  Co.,  N.  Y.,  i826-'3i; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in  Ogdensburg, 
N.  Y.,  1832-50;  Pres.  of  Carroll  College,  Waukesha,  Wis., 
from  1850  until  his  death,  Dec.  13,  1864. 

SAWHILL,  James: 

Was  born  Feb.  22,  1829,  near  Taylorstown,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  3,  '54,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18,  '63,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  at  Cas- 
cade, la.,  June,  1863-Ap.  14,  '75,  and  of  Union,  la.,  since 
Jan.  18,  '^-j. 
SAWYER,  Benjamin  Franklin  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  17,  181 7,  in  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  and  was 
educated  privately,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  22,  1842,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  May 
15,  '44,  by  Ohio,  and  installed  pastor  of  Darlington  and  New 
Brighton,  Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ;  resigned  New  Brighton  Oct.  6, 
'68,  and  Darlington- Ap.  4,  '60;  joined  the  residuary  Asso. 
Synod,  and  is  pastor  of  small  Asso.  congregations  in  Darling- 
ton and  Four  Mile. 
SAWYER,  James  French  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  7,  1810,  in  Piqua,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  21,  1835,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained, 
sine  titnlo,  Ap.  20,  '36,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Springfield,  O., 
autumn  of  1837-spring  of  '48;  died  July  i,  1849,  of  consump- 
tion in  Allegheny,  Pa. 

SCOTT,  George  Thomas: 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1842,  in  New  York  city;  was  graduated 


THE   MINISTRY.  567 

at  tlie  Kansas  State  University  in  1880,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.   3,   1883,  by  First  Ohio,  and  or- 
dained Oct.  14,  '84,  by  Monongahela;  pastor  at  Noblestown, 
Pa.,  Oct.  14,  1884-Sept.  22,  '85;  Mt.  Ayr,  la.,  Jan.,  1887- 
SCOTT,  George  Washington: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  G.  W.  Scott,  native  missionary  in  India; 
was  born  in  1857  in  Sialkot,  North  India;  was  educated  at 
Westminster  College  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  13,  1880,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
12,  '82,  by  Brookville,  and  passed  in  Ap.,  1883,  to  the  Ref. 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  has  returned  to  India. 
SCOTT,  John,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Feb.  4,  1807,  at  Jedburgh,  Scotland,  and  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  1818.  After  attaining  his  majority  he  spent 
nearly  ten  years  in  hard  work  as  a  stone-cutter  in  building 
locks  upon  the  canals  in  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania,  and  in 
lumbering  in  the  cypress  swamps  in  the  Lower  Mississippi. 
Having  concluded  to  study  for  the  ministry,  he  took  a  partial 
course  in  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  22,  1842,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept. 
I9,'43,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Robinson  and  Monteurs,  Sept., 
1843-July,  '45;  sailed  Aug.  25,  '45,  by  appointment  of  Synod, 
for  the  Island  of  Trinidad,  where  he  arrived  on  the  21st  of 
Sept.  After  a  few  months'  residence  he  was  assurred  by  his 
physician  that  his  health  could  not  possibly  bear  the  demands 
of  the  climate,  and  that  he  should  return  immediately.  He 
and  Mr.  Banks  closed  the  mission  premises,  left  the  island, 
and  arrived  at  Boston  on  the  6th  of  the  following  May.  His 
old  congregations  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  recalled  him,  but 
he  declined.  He  performed  very  profitable  missionary  work 
in  Southern  Iowa  until  the  spring  of  '48,  when,  for  a  year,  he 
took  charge  of  the  little  church  in  Keokuk,  and  in  the  autumn 
of  '49  was  installed  pastor  of  Henderson,  Warren  Co.,  111., 
which  he  retained  until  '66.  In  1858  he  was  elected  Prof, 
of  Ch.  History  in  the  Theo.  Sem.  at  Monmouth,  and  con- 
tinued to  discharge  the  duties  of  this  office  until  this  Sem. 
was  united  with  that  at  Xenia,  when  he  was  retired  upon  an 
annual  pension  of  $800. 

He  possessed  a  mind  of  great  clearness  and  strength,  and 


568  THE    MINISTRY. 

had  made  very  large  attainments  in  theological  knowledge. 
He  was  always  decided,  prompt  and  courageous  in  presenting 
and  defending  the  truth.  When  preparing  for  college  he  at- 
tended a  temperance  meeting  in  the  Huntsville,  O.,  church 
and  made  a  speech  against  total  abstinence.  He  was  imme- 
diately complimented  by  some  drimken  roughs,  which  led 
him  to  reflect  upon  his  position,  and  he  concluded  that  views 
upon  this  matter  which  were  specially  pleasing  to  that  class 
of  people  could  not  be  right,  and  he  signed  the  pledge.  While 
in  Washington,  la.,  a  braggart  Universalist  preacher  appeared 
and  challenged  any  one  to  a  debate  upon  the  final  salvation 
of  all  men.  The  citizens  selected  Dr.  Scott  to  meet  him. 
The  debate  lasted  two  days  and  a  half,  when  the  challenger 
acknowledged  defeat  and  withdrew.  Dr.  Scott,  however, 
was  not  through,  and  he  continued  his  side  of  the  debate 
two  days  longer. 

He  died  at  Monmouth,  Aug.  4,  1877,  and  of  no  particular 
disease;  he  gradually  wore  out.  His  natural  cheerfulness  and 
strong  faith  sustained  him  until  near  the  end.  On  the  day 
before  his  death  Satan  took  the  advantage  of  his  weak  and 
prostrate  condition  and  made  his  last  assault,  and  tempted 
him  sorely  until  he  cried  out:  "Oh,  that  I  could  believe." 
Many  passages  of  Scripture  were  read  to  him,  and  he  seemed 
to  grow  calmer,  but  still  in  great  gloom  and  filled  with 
anxiety.  Then  the  words  of  our  Lord  to  Peter  were  repeated 
to  him:  "I  have  prayed  for  thee,  that  thy  faith  fail  not." 
Fear  seemed  to  be  dispelled,  and  after  a  little  while  he  looked 
up  and  said:  "The  Lord's  faithfulness  has  brought  me  back," 
and  he  assured  those  about  him  that  he  had  perfect  peace. 
At  last  he  suffered  greatly,  not  from  acute  pain,  but  from 
the  distressing  depression  of  weariness  and  nervous  exhaus- 
tion, until  he  exclaimed,  "Oh,  what  shall  I  do?  "Oh,  for 
rest  in  Christ!"  The  Lord  had  pity  on  him,  and  gave  His 
beloved  sleep. 
SCOTT,  John  Culbertson: 

Was  born  Sept.  29,  1850,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Hanover  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  8,  1875,  by  Indiana  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  26, 
'80,  by  First  New  York;  pastor  in  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  Ap.  26, 
1880-July  13,  '85. 


THE    MINISTRY.  569 

SCOTT,  John  Preston,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  May  8,  1830,  at  New  Scottsville,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  14,  1853,  ^Y  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Jan.  31,  '55,  by  Richland;  pastor  of  Millersburg 
and  Keene,  O.,  Jan.,  1855-Sept.,  '59;  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  Nov. 
30,  1859-Jan.  29,  '78;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pas- 
tor at  lycbanon,  O. 
SCOTT,  Robert*: 

Was  born  Feb.  7,  1830,  in  Strathaven,  Scotland;  was  edu- 
cated in  literature  and  theology  in  Glasgow;  was  licensed 
Jan.  8,  1856,  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Glasgow, 
and  ordained  Nov.  16,  '60,  by  the  Pres.  of  Ottawa,  Canada; 
was  a  pastor  in  Canada  for  fourteen  years;  came  to  the  U.  S., 
and  was  pastor  of  Jane  street.  New  York,  May  4,  1875,  until, 
his  death.     He  died  July  19,  1877,  of  paralysis. 

SCOTT,  Thomas  AnCxEla: 

Was  born  Oct.  27,  1843,  i^  London,  Ontario,  Canada;  was, 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny  and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Mar.   23,   1869,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  2,  '69,  by  Cleveland;, 
was  pastor  at  New  Lisbon,  O.,  Nov.,  1869-Mar.  18,  '72;  pas- 
tor of  Burlington,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1874-Jan.  9, 
'87.     In  1879  ^  "^'^  organization  at  Garrettsville,  six  miles, 
south,  composed  largely  of  his  previous  members,  was  for- 
mally recognized  as  part  of  his  charge;  Port  Huron,  Mich., 
since  Jan.  30,  1887. 
SCOTT,  Theodore  L.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  21,  1847,  in  Middle  Lancaster,  Butler  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1873,  ^^^^  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Monmouth  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1874, 
by  First  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  26,  '74,  by 
Beaver  Valley;  sailed  soon  after  as  a  missionary  to  India,  and 
is  stationed  at  Jhelum,  North  India. 

SCOULLER,  James  Brown,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  Dr.  John  Y. ;  was  born  July  12,  1820,  near  New- 
ville,  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in 
1839,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
36 


•570  THE   MINISTRY. 

19,  1842,  by  Big  Spring  Pres. ;  S.  S.  St.  Louis  i842-'3;  or- 
dained Nov.  13,  '44,  by  New  York;  pastor  of  the  Second 
Asso.  Ref.  congregation  (now  Fourth  United  Presbyterian)  in 
Philadelphia,  Nov.,  1844-Dec.,  '46;  of  Cuylerville,  Living- 
ston Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1847-Ap.,  '52.  Both  of  these  congre- 
gations were  organized  by  him.  Was  pastor  of  Argyle,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  31,  1852-Mar.  31,  '62;  was  editor  of 
Christian  Instructor^  Philadelphia,  Ap. ,  1862-Ap.,  '63.  Ill 
health  compelled  him  to  retire  from  all  active  labors  to  New- 
ville,  Pa.,  where  he  has  ever  since  resided.  Publications: 
History  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Mt.  Lebanon,  in  Syria,  1845;  A 
Fourth  of  July  Address,  1847;  Two  Lyceum  Addresses,  1847- 
'8;  The  Revolution  of  1848  in  Europe,  a  New  Year  Sermon, 
1849;  Growth  in  Grace,  a  Sermon,  Associate  Reformed  Pul- 
pit, Vol.  I;  Requisites  for  a  Successful  Ministry,  an  Address 
at  the  close  of  the  session  of  the  Newburgh  Seminary,  1854; 
The  Origin  of  the  English  Race,  a  Lyceum  Lecture,  1854; 
History  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Congregation  in  Lisbon, 
St.  Lawrence  co. ,  N.  Y.,  1855;  Forty  Letters  from  Abroad, 
principally  from  Italy  and  Egypt,  i86o-'i;  Assurance  of 
Salvation,  five  articles;  a  series  of  papers  on  Christian  Experi- 
ence; The  Temptation  of  Jesus,  a  Lecture;  History  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York,  pp.  43,  1877;  His- 
tory of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  of  Big  Spring,  at 
Newville,  Pa.,  pp.  45,  1878;  History  of  the  Big  Spring  Pres- 
bytery, pp.  126,  1879;  History  of  Mifflin  Township  and  of  the 
Borough  of  Newville,  in  Scott's  Quarto  History  of  Cumber- 
land County,  Pa.,  1879;  Biographical  Sketches  of  Early  Asso- 
ciate Reformed  Ministers,  i879-'8o;  History  of  the  Presby- 
tery of  Argyle,  pp.  166,  1880;  History  of  Patronage  in  the 
Church  of  Scotland,  Repository,  1880;  A  Manual  of  the 
United  Presbyterian  Church,  8vo.,  pp.  648,  1881;  History  of 
the  Associate  and  Associate  Reformed  Churches  in  Cyclopedia 
Britannica,  Amer.  edition,  1883;  and  on  a  variety  of  subjects 
in  the  church  papers,  1844-87. 
-SCOULLER,  John  Crawford: 

Son  of  Dr.  J.  Y.,  as  born  Nov.  3,  1858,  in  Fair  Haven,  O, ; 
■was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1880,  and 
•studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  27,  1882, 


THE   MINSITRY.  571 

by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  18,  '83,  by  Wheel- 
ing; pastor  at  Uniontown,  O.,  since  ordination. 

SCOULLER,  John  Young,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  13,  1816,  near  Newville,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1841,  and  studied  theology  at  Alleghenyj 
was  licensed  May  i,  1844,  by  the  Big  Spring  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained July  21,  '47,  by  First  Ohio;  has  been  pastor  of  Fair- 
haven,  Preble  Co.,  O.,  since  his  ordination;  was  Moderator  of 
the  General  Assembly  of  1873. 

SCRIMGEOUR,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1757  near  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  graduated 
at  the  Edinburgh  University  in  1777,  and  greatly  distinguished 
for  his  classical  attainments,  and  studied  theology  five  years 
with  John  Brown,  of  Haddington;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1782, 
by  the   Burgher  Pres.  of  Edinburgh;  in  1784  was  ordained 
and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Burgher  congregation  at  North 
Berwick.     He  was  a  popular  preacher  and  labored  with  suc- 
cess until  1794,  when  he  was  shocked  and  depressed  in  both 
body  and  mind  by  some  circumstances  connected  with  his 
father's  death,  and  was  compelled  to  resign  his  charge.     Wheu 
his  health  was  somewhat  recruited  he  became  the  superin- 
tendent of  a  theological  book-store  in   Edinburgh,  and  sup- 
plied neighboring  churches  occasionally.     In  1802  he  came 
to  this  country  with  Dr.  J.  M.  Mason,  and  joined  the  Asso. 
Ref.   Pres.   of  New  York;  was  pastor  at  Newburgh,   N.  Y. 
from  Aug.  11,  1803,  till  Jan.  24,  '12,  when  he  was  transferred 
to  the  charge  of  Eittle  Britain,  a  few  miles  out  in  the  country, 
where  he  remained  until  the  summer  of  1824,  when  the  in- 
firmities of  age  compelled  him  to  resign.     He  died  Feb.  4, 
1825.     He  was  six  feet  high,  of  good  presence,  and  possessed 
a  deep,  rich  voice,  which  remained  unimpaired  to  the  last, 
notwithstanding  the  enormous  quantities  of  snuff  which  he 
took,  for  he  often  preached  with  his  "mull"  in  hand.     He 
was  a  rich  and  instructive,  even  attractive  preacher.     His 
sermons  were  modeled  after  those  of  his  theological  preceptor, 
a  nice  skeleton  filled  out  almost  entirely  with  Scripture  quo- 
tations.   Although  very  solemn  in  the  pulpit,  he  would  some- 
times say  and  do  ludicrous  things  without  regarding  them  as 


572  THE   MINISTRY. 

such  and  without  losing  his  own  seriousness.  He  once  ob- 
served one  of  his  hearers  in  a  profound  slumber,  when  he 
stopped  in  his  sermon  and  asked  a  parishioner  sitting  near  to 
wake  him  up.  The  nudge,  however,  was  so  gentle  as-. to 
make  no  impression  on  his  somnolent  neighbor.  The  good 
pastor,  perceiving  how  the  case  stood,  exclaimed  with  the 
greatest  gravity  and  the  broadest  Scotch:  ^^S/iak  him,  Daw- 
vid,  shak  him."  His  only  publication  is  a  Sermon  in  the 
Asso.  Ref  Pulpit,  Vol.  II.,  entitled:  "Christ  Forsaken  on 
the  Cross." 

SCROGGS,  Elijah  Newton  (A.)*: 

The  youngest  son  in  a  family  of  twenty-one  children;  was 
born  July  22,  1786,  on  the  Big  Spring,  south  of  Newville,  Pa. ; 
was  educated  at  Canonsburg,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr. 
Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  Aug.  25,  1819,  by  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  i,  '20,  by  the  same.  He  was  at  his 
ordination  installed  as  pastor  of  W.  Beaver,  Long's  Run  and 
Four  Mile  Square,  in  Columbiana  and  Carroll  counties,  O., 
and  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.  He  afterward  organized  the  congrega- 
tion of  Scroggsfield,  called  after  him,  and  added  it  to  his 
charge.  His  charge  was  subsequently  rearranged  and  he 
confined  his  labors  to  Four  Mile  Square  and  W.  Union  or 
Calcutta  until  Ap.,  '49,  when  he  was  released  from  the 
former,  and  died  Dec.  20,  1851,  in  [the  pastorate  of  the 
latter. 

SCP.OGGS,  Joseph,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Nephew  of  the  Rev.  Elijah;  was  born  Mar.  i,  1793,  near 
Newville,  Pa. ;  when  eight  years  old  his  parents  moved  to 
Washington  Co. ;  was  graduated  with  honor  at  Jefferson  in 
1809  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr. 
Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1813,  by  the  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  18,  1815,  by  Chartiers;  was  installed 
at  his  ordination  as  pastor  of  the  congregations  of  Fairfield 
and  Donegal,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  and  so  continued 
until  Sept.  3,  1872,  when  he  resigned  after  a  pastorate  of 
fifty-seven  years,  although  he  continued  to  supply  these  con- 
gregations until  his  death,  which  took  place  on  the  21st  of 
the  following  Ap.     Intellectually,   morally,   spiritually  and 


THE   MINISTRY.  573 

ministerially,  Dr.  Scroggs  was  very  much  more  than  ordi- 
nary, and  he  also  possessed  wonderful  physical  powers.  He 
had  so  rich  a  vein  of  wit  and  humor  that  it  was  said  of  him 
that  he  did  not  like  any  man  who  could  not  appreciate  a  joke. 
His  conversational  powers  were  also  of  the  first  order. 

SCROGGS,  Joseph  A. : 

Son  of  Dr.  Joseph;  was  born  July  28,  1836,  at  Ligonier, 
Westmoreland  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  educated  partly  at  Westminster 
and  partly  at  home  with  his  father,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Feb.  23,  1874,  by  Xenia 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  27,  '80,  by  Tennessee.  Before 
studying  for  the  ministry  he  was  for  years  a  teacher,  and 
also  a  soldier  during  nearly  all  the  period  of  our  civil  war. 
Pastor  at  Madison,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  25,  1881- 
Sept.  4,  '83. 
SEATON,  Thomas  McCain*: 

Was  born  Oct.  13,  1829,  ^^^  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Nov.  14,  1861,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
28,  '63,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Worthington  and  Rich 
Hill,  Armstrong  Co.,  Ap.,  1863-May  4,  '70;  died  Sept.  16, 
1 87 1,  from  consumption. 

SERVICE,  John: 

Was  born  Oct.  9,  1825,  in  Ireland;  was  educated  classically 
and  theologically  in  Airdale,  England;  was  licensed  and  or- 
dained at  Belfast  on  the  same  day  in  Ap.,  1854,  by  the  Irish 
Evangelical  Society  (Congregational).  Labored  as  a  mis- 
sionary to  the  Roman  Catholics  in  the  south  and  west  of  Ire- 
land Ap.,  1854-Mar.,  '59;  came  to  the  U.  S. ,  and  was  installed 
pastor  of  a  new  congregation  in  29th  St.,  New  York,  Feb.  17, 
i860,  and  in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  the  West  44th  St. 
congregation  was  added;  resigned  in  Ap.,  '61;  pastor  of  New 
Kingston,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  spring  of  1862-Mar.,  '67; 
Barnet,  Vt,  fall  of  1868-Mar.  8,  ''']']\  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  15,  1877-Sept.  19,  '84.  United  with  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. 

SHAFER,  Alexander  Geary  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  11,  1817,  in  Beaver  Co. ,   Pa.;  was  educated 


574  '^^'^   MINISTRY. 

at  the  Frankfort  academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1846,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Aug.  3  '47,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Deer  Creek, 
Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordination  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  July  i,  j868,  from  lightning. 

SHAND,  Alexander  M.  D.,  LL.  B.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  i,  1808,  in  Dundee,  Scotland;  was  gradu- 
ated at  St.  Andrews  about  1830,  and  studied  theology  with 
Dr.  Alex.  Symington  of  Paisley;  was  licensed  by  the  Re- 
formed Presbyterian  Pres.,  and  soon  afterwards  joined  the 
Scotch  Independents,  and  subsequently  the  United  Secession. 
In  1838,  he  came  to  the  U.  S.,  and  was  ordained  July  23, 
'39,  by  Washington  Pres.  (A.  R.),  and  was  pastor  at  Hebron, 
N.  Y.,  July  1839-N0V.  '50;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
preached  for  a  time  at  Sharpsburg,  near  Pittsburg.  Studied 
law  and  took  the  degree  of  LL.  B. ,  went  to  Michigan  and 
joined  the  Episcopal  Ch.,  and  was  located  in  Detroit.  Grad- 
uated in  the  Medical  Department  of  the  University  at  Ann 
Arbor  in  1862;  made  violent  rebel  speeches,  and  was  twice 
arrested  by  the  military  authority;  went  home  to  Scotland, 
and  preached  for  a  short  time  in  the  Scotch  Episcopal  Ch., 
then  joined  the  Independents  and  returned  to  this  country, 
where  he  joined  the  Congregationalists  and  preached  some  in 
New  Jersey;  returned  to  Scotland,  and  connected  himself 
with  the  Established  Kirk,  and  was  sent  out  in  1876,  to 
supply  a  church  in  Canada,  but  soon  returned  to  Scotland, 
and  died  at  Girvan,  March  20,  188 1. 

SHANNON,  John  Addison: 

Was  born,  Ap.  i,  1856,  at  Mercer,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed.  May  3,  1881,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained,  Dec. 
5,  '83,  by  Garnett;  S.  S.  at  McCune,  Crawford  Co.,  Kan., 
1883-4;  pastor  Richland,  Linn  Co.,  Kan.,  Nov.  18,  1884- 
Oct.  4,  '86. 

SHANKLAND,  James  Alexander: 

Was  born  Nov.  16,  1818,  in  S.  Argyle,  Washington  co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1844,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July   17,    1849,    by   Cambridge 


THE   MINISTRY.  575 

Pres.  An  affection  of  the  lungs  in  '51  threw  him  aside  from 
the  ministry  for  six  or  seven  years;  was  ordained  Ap.  11,  '60, 
by  Chicago  Pres. ;  was  S.  S.  at  Rock  Run  and  Shannon,  111., 
i859-'6i;  was  S.  S. ,  and  pastor  at  Yorkville,  Racine  Co., 
Wis.,  i86i-Mar.  '70;  pastor  at  Verona,  Dane  Co.,  Wis.,  July, 
1870-July,  '73;  S.  S.  of  North  Page,  Page  Co.,  la.,  Oct.  1873 
-July,  '76;  was  missionary  at  Fairview  and  Dunbar,  Neb.^ 
i876-'9. 

SHARP,  Alexander  D.  D.,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  12,  1796,  near  Newville,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Jefferson  in  1820,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York 
with  Dr.  Mason  until  the  suspension  of  the  Seminary,  and 
finished  with  Dr.  Riddell;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1823 
by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '24,  by  the 
same;  was  installed  Sept.  29  as  pastor  of  Big  Spring,  at  New- 
ville, and  of  Chambersburg,  Pa. ;  resigned  the  latter  Sept.  i  r, 
'28;  gave  one-third  of  his  time  to  Shippensburg  i838-'48, 
but  retained  the  pastorate  of  Big  Spring  until  his  death  Jan. 
28,  1857.  He  was  elected  Prof  of  Theology  to  succeed  Dr. 
Joseph  Kerr,  but  declined.  He  was  a  man  of  good  presence, 
of  excellent  mind  and  judgment,  and  exerted  a  strong  influ- 
ence in  the  community  and  the  church.  In  his  latter  days 
he  became  very  much  interested  in  prophecy,  and  lectured 
upon  several  of  the  books  in  the  Old  Testament  and  upon  the 
Revelation,  and  left  a  large  amount  of  manuscript  upon  this 
subject.  Publications:  Three  Sermons  in  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pulpit. 

SHARP,  James  P. : 

Was  born  Jan.  5,  1845,  ^^  Berlin,  Holmes  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson  in  1867,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  10,  1869,  by  Mans- 
field Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,  27,  '70,  by  Frankford;  was 
installed  at  ordination  as  pastor  of  Raccoon  and  Ohio;  re- 
signed the  latter  June  15,  ^jt,^  and  the  former  May,  '83,  Sid- 
ney, O.,  July  3,  1883. 

SHARP,  Joseph  Jonathan: 

Was  born  July  5,  1841,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  educated 
at  Westminster,  and  studied  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept. 


576  THE    MINISTRY. 

7,  1886,  by  Westmoreland  Pres. ,  and  ordained  June  28,  '87, 
by  Beaver  Valley ;  pastor  at  Mt.  Jackson  since  ordination. 

SHAW,  John  Alexander: 

Was  born  Sept.  8,  1858,  at  Bellecenter,  Logan  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1885,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia,  and  Union,  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  Jan.  18,  1887,  by 
New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  13,  '87,  by  the  same; 
pastor  in  Newark,  N.  J.  since  ordination. 

SHAW,  David  Edwin: 

Grandson  of  Rev.  W.  Conner;  was  born  Aug.  27,  1850, 
near  Turtle  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Princeton  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  in 
New  College,  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  Ap.  16, 
1873,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  11,  '76,  by 
Keokuk;  pastor  in  Keokuk,  la.,  Ap.  11,  1876-June,  '85; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  Prof,  of  Theology  in 
Lincoln  University,  Pa. 

SHAW,  Joseph  LL.  D.  (A.)* 

Was  born  in  1778,  in  the  parish  of  Rattray,  Perthshire, 
Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Edinburgh  University  in  1794 
when  only  sixteen  years  old,  and  where  Robertson,  Blair, 
Playfair,  Dugald  Stewart,  etc.,  were  his  instructors.  He 
never  ceased  to  regret  commencing  his  collegiate  course  at  so 
early  a  period,  before  his  faculties  were  sufficiently  developed 
to  enable  him  to  take  the  full  advantage  of  all  the  instruction 
which  he  there  enjoj'ed.  He  studied  theology  for  five  years 
in  the  Asso.  Hall  under  Mr.  Bruce,  of  Whitburn,  and  was 
licensed  in  1799.  When  Mr.  Marshall  died,  the  church  in 
Philadelphia  applied  to  the  General  Asso.  Synod  of  Scotland 
for  a  successor,  and  he  was  unanimously  recommended.  In 
1805  he  came  to  this  country  and  commenced  his  labors  in 
Philadelphia,  although  not  ordained  and  installed  until  Nov. 
6,  1806.  In  1809  he  went  to  Guinston,  York  Co.,  to  hold  a 
communion,  and  was  taken  with  an  influenza  prevalent  there, 
which  so  affected  his  lungs  that  he  was  unable  to  preach  for 
several  years,  and  in  1810  resigned  his  charge.  He  was  Prof, 
of  Languages  in  Dickinson  College,  i8i3-'i5;  was  Prof,  of 
Languages  in  the  famous  Academy  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  from 


THE   MINISTRY.  577 

1815  until  his  death.  While  on  a  visit  to  Philadelphia  he 
died  in  Aug.,  1824,  at  the  house  of  Archibald  Mclntyre,  from 
inflammation  of  the  stomach. 

Dr.  Shaw  was  in  person  short  and  thick,  and  firmly  built, 
and  possessed  a  mind  of  superior  order,  more  solid  than  bril- 
liant, and  was  highly  cultivated.  His  manner  in  the  pulpit 
was  uncommonly  quiet  and  unpretending,  and  to  the  multi- 
tude by  no  means  pleasing,  while  his  sermons  were  written 
with  remarkable  care  in  respect  to  both  sentiment  and  style, 
and  were  always  relished  by  intelligent  and  reflecting  hearers. 
Publications:  Four  or  five  Sermons  at  different  times,  and  a 
Series  of  Dissertations  on  the  Sanctification  of  the  Church 
and  the  Gospel  Ministry,  in  the  Monitor. 

SHAW,  Joseph  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1816  in  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated  at 
Franklin,  and  studied  theology  privately;  was  licensed  May 
29,  1839,  by  the  Reformed  Dissenting  Pres.,  and  ordained  in 
'40  by  the  same.  In  Ap. ,  1843,  ^^  ^"^  ^^^  congregations 
joined  the  Chartiers  Pres.  of  the  Asso.  Ch.,  when  the  validity 
of  his  ordination  was  called  in  question,  because  the  Presby- 
tery which  ordained  him  was  composed  of  only  one  minister 
and  two  ruling  elders.  The  Synod  decided  that  the  ordina- 
tion, although  irregular,  was  valid.  At  his  ordination  he 
was  installed  pastor  of  Three  Ridges  and  the  Heads  of  Wheel- 
ing; on  the  5th  of  Sept.,  '43,  Wheeling  was  added  to  his 
charge.  He  resigned  Oct.  5,  '52,  and  in  the  spring  of '53 
moved  to  Bellefontaine,  O.,  and  united  with  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  conducted  a  high  school.     Died  in  Dec,  1875. 

SHAW,  Samuel  Julius: 

Brother  of  David  E. ;  was  born  Mar.  28,  1853,  ^^^^  Turtle 
Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Princeton  in 
1873,  ^^^  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap. 
10,  1877,  ^y  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  2,  '79,  by 
Westmoreland;  pastor  at  Braddock's  Field  since  ordination. 

SHAW,  Thomas  Alfred: 

Brother  of  W.  E. ;  was  born  Aug.  6,  1854,  near  Erwin, 
Westmoreland,  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Wooster  Univer- 
sity in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 


578  THE   MINISTRY. 

Sept.  25,  1883,  by  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  10, 
'84,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Des  Moines  since  ordination. 

SHAW,  William  Ekin: 

Nephew  of  Dr.  J.  Ekin;  was  born  July  24,  1845,  near 
Turtle  Creek,  Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Mon- 
mouth in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Mar.  30,  1875,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Jan.  18,  '76,  by  Beaver  Valley;  pastor  of  Neshannock  and 
Oak  Grove,  Jan.,  1876-Sept.  17,  '78;  pastor  at  Monroe,  la., 
since  Nov.  5,  1879. 

SHAW,  William  Patton: 

Was  born  Mar.  10,  1827,  ^^  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1854,  the  first  graduate  of  that  insti- 
tution, and  studied  theology  in  the  Ref  Pres.  Sem.  at  Xenia 
under  Drs.  G.  McMasters  and  H.  McMillen;  was  licensed  Ap. 
5,  1854,  by  the  Pittsburgh  Pres.,  (R.  P.,)  having  studied 
theology  mainly  before  going  to  college,  and  ordained  Aug. 
30>  '55)  by  the  Ref  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Chicago;  pastor  of 
Mt.  Vernon  and  Red  Oak,  in  la.,  with  the  supervision  of  the 
missions  at  Washington,  Morning  Sun  and  Andrew,  Aug., 
1855-Oct.,  '56;  New  Richland,  Logan  Co.,  O.,  May,  1857- 
May  25,  '64;  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  7,  1864- 
May  12,  '69;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  Sept. 
14,  1869,  and  was  pastor  at  Noblestown,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa., 
June  28,  '70-Mar.  30,  '75;  pastor  of  Holyoke  and  West 
Liberty,  Butler  Co.,  since  June  25,  1877. 

SHEARER,  James: 

Was  born  in  central  Ohio;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in 
1853,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June 
19,  1855,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  adhered  to  the  residuary 
Asso.  Synod  at  the  union  of  1858,  and  was  ordained  Oct.  13, 
1858,  by  the  Indiana  Pres.  of  that  Synod,  and  ministered  for 
a  time  at  Carmel,  Ind. ;  joined  the  Keokuk  Pres.  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1871;  was  S.  S.  at  Pleasant  Grove,  la., 
1874-6,  and  resides  at  Albia,  la.,  without  charge. 
SHEPHERD,  Jacob  R.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Holland,  and  licensed  by  the 
"True  Reformed  Ch.  of  Holland,"  which  seceded  from  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  579 

Established  Ch.  in  1837.  In  1851  lie  was  received  by  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Michigan,  and  ordained  as  a  missionary 
to  his  fellow  countrymen  around  Holland,  Ottawa  Co.,  Mich., 
and  thus  labored  for  thirteen  or  fourteen  years;  he  then  sup- 
plied a  year  each  in  Layfayette  and  Idaville,  Ind.,  and  in  Ap., 
1869,  was  transferred  by  certificate  to  the  "True  Reformed 
Ch.  of  Holland  in  the  United  States." 

SHERIFF,  Robert  (A.  R)*: 

Was  an  Irishman  by  birth  and  education;  came  to  Canada 
and  then  to  the  U.  S.,  and  was  received  Oct.  29,  1802,  by  the 
Asso.  Ref,  Pres.  of  Washington  as  a  student  of  theology, 
and  after  studying  under  its  care  and  delivering  the  usual 
trials,  it  was  resolved  Feb.  24,  1804,  "That  as  Mr.  Sheriff 
has  been  formerly  licensed  by  another  Presbytery,  and  has 
given  general  satisfaction,  the  Presbytery  now  recognize  him 
as  a  licentiate  under  their  care,  and  as  such  give  him  appoint- 
ments to  preach  the  gospel."  He  was  ordained  Feb.  7,  1805, 
by  Washington  Pres. ;  was  pastor  at  Lisbon,  St.  Lawrence 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.,  1805-Mar.  2,  '08,  when  he  passed  to  the 
Secession  Ch.  in  Canada,  where  he  died  in  the  summer  of 
1822. 

SHERRARD,  John  Andrew: 

Was  born  in  1854  in  Cambridge,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1879,  by  Mus- 
kingum Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  22,  '79,  by  West  Missouri; 
pastor  of  Centerview  Sept.  14,  i88c)-Oct.  i,  '82;  Savannah, 
O.,  June  12,  1883-Oct.  22,  '84;  Troy  and  Smithfield,  Mich., 
June  30,  1885. 

SHERRARD,  Robert  Mahafey: 

Was  born  at  Cambridge,  Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Muskingum  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1879,  by  Muskingum  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  10,  '81,  by  College  Springs;  pastor  of 
Blanchard  and  Coin,  Page  Co.,  la.,  from  ordination;  resigned 
Coin  Ap.  I28,  '83,  and  Blanchard  Dec.  i,  '84;  Commerce, 
Mich.,  Oct.  27,  1885- 


580  THE   MINISTRY. 

SHIELDS,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  11,  1812,  in  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at 
the  Western  University  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  one 
year  under  the  Rev.  Mungo  Dick,  and  two  years  with  Dr. 
Pressly;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1834,  by  the  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  18,  '35,  by  Big  Spring;  was  pastor  of  Fer- 
managh (now  Mexico)  and  Tuscarora,  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.,  from 
his  ordination  until  his  death.  In  the  spring  of  1862  his 
health  failed  him,  and  about  the  first  of  Aug.  he  started  for 
Minnesota,  hoping  to  gain  some  benefit  from  its  pure  and 
bracing  air.  But  on  the  journey  he  grew  worse,  so  that  when 
he  had  reached  Prarie  du  Chien,  Wis. ,  he  was  compelled  to 
stop,  and  there,  after  a  fortnight  of  severe  illness,  died  on  the 
19th  of  Aug.  He  was  not  gifted  with  fluency  of  utterance, 
but  possessed  a  good  mind,  clear  and  logical;  was  very  fond 
of  good  books  and  cultured  companions,  and  made  good  use 
of  both,  so  that  as  a  writer  he  was  decidedly  above  the  aver- 
age minister,  both  in  style  and  matter.  His  great  modesty 
and  diffidence  prevented  him  from  taking  any  prominent 
part  in  public  meetings. 

SHILAND,  Andrew  D.  D.,  (A.): 

Was  born  July  4,  1820,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  educated  at 
Union  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton;  was  licensed  in 
1846,  by  the  Second  Pres.,  of  Cambridge,  and  ordained  Nov. 
25,  '47,  by  New  York;  was  pastor  of  a  small  church  in  Phila- 
delphia i847-'8;  of  Second  Hebron,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
i849-'53;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  now  without 
charge  in  New  York  City. 

SHORTT,  William  Benjamin  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Ap.  21,  1826,  in  county  Armagh,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  the  Royal  College  in  Belfast,  and  studied  the- 
ology there  and  at  Newburgh,  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  Sept.  27, 
1850,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  13,  '53,  by 
Washington;  pastor  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  13,  1853- 
July  2,  '86;  was  delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884. 

SHRADER,  John  Andrew: 

Was  born  near  Butler,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster 
in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny,  and  one  year  in 


THE   MINISTRY.  581 

Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was  licensed  May  7,  1879,  by  Butler 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  7,  '82,  by  Frankfort:  pastor  of  New 
Bethlehem,  Beaver  Co. ,  since  ordination. 

SIMPSON,  Elihu  Calvin: 

Was  born  Aug.  6,  1849,  ^t  Morning  Sun,  Preble  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  19,  1873,  by 
Tennessee  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  5,  '74,  by  First  Ohio; 
pastor  at  Richmond,  Ind.,  from  ordination  to  Sept.  13,  1881; 
of  Hamilton,  O.,  since  Ap.  25,  1882. 

SIMPSON,  Thomas  R.,  M.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  12,  1816,  in  Philadelphia;  was  educated  at 
Lafayette  and  Washington  Colleges;  studied  medicine  at  Jef- 
ferson and  Pennsylvania  Medical  Colleges,  and  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  21,  1843,  t>y  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  10,  '44,  by  Philadelphia;  pastor  ot  Carlisle 
and  Petersburg,  Pa.,  Oct.,  i844-'55;  of  Yellow  Creek,  Jef- 
ferson Co.,  O.,  i856-'6i;  S.  S.  of  the  Yellow  Creek  Mission 
till  '65;  of  Jefferson  and  New  Market,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  1865- 
'70;  now  resides  in  Allegheny  City  without  charge. 

SINCLAIR,  James  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  and  educated  and  ordained  in  Ireland  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch. ;  was  received  in  Sept.  1849,  by 
the  Pres.,  of  New  York;  supplied  at  Burlington  and  other 
places  in  the  Saratoga  Pres.,  for  two  years,  and  then  moved 
to  Canada. 

SINCLAIR,  Matthew  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1763  in  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Dickinson  in  1788,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Nesbit, 
Pres.  of  the  College;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1791,  by  the  Pres., 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Aug.  20,  '92,  by 
the  same.  He  died  Mar.  16,  1793,  at  Salem,  Washington  co., 
N.  Y.  He  and  the  Rev.  John  Young  were  boys  together, 
classmates  in  college  and  in  their  theological  studies;  were 
licensed  the  same  day,  and  ordained  at  the  same  time,  and 
married  sisters,  daughters  of  Elder  George  Clark,  of  Green- 
castle,  Pa. 


582  THE   MINISTRY. 

SKELUE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  28,  1807,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1834,  and  studied  theology  at 
Newburgh;  was  licensed  June  4,  1839,  by  Caledonia,  and  or- 
dained sine  titulo^  June  21,  '41,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at 
Caledonia,  Mich,;  at  Howard,  in  Steuben  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  joined 
the  Second  Asso.  Pres.,  of  Cambridge  (Bullions)  in  1851;  re- 
fused to  go  into  the  union  of  1858,  and  declined  fraternizing 
with  the  residuary  Asso.  Synod,  and  thus  fell  out  of  all  church 
connection;  settled  at  Mt.  Carroll,  in  Carroll  Co.,  111.,  and 
preached  in  that  county  pretty  steadily  for  years  to  little 
clusters  of  people;  became  ver}'  infirm,  and  died  March  22, 
1882. 
SLEETH,  David  M.  : 

Was  born  Dec.  17,  1843,  in  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1871,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Nov.  11,  1873,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and  ordained  Dec.  2,  '74,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Caledonia, 
Richie  co.,  West  Va.,  since  ordination. 

SLENTZ,  John  R.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1819;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1841,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1846, 
by  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Nov.  9,  '48,  by 
Albany;  pastor  of  Cherry  Run,  Oakland  and  Allegheny,  in 
Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  June  1852-Sept.  23,  '56;  at  Garnett  la., 
i860-' I ;  of  Cherry  Run,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  3,  1861- 
Feb.  8,  '65;  of  Carrollton  and  Connotten,  O.,  1867-9;  Mar- 
tinsville, Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  30,  1870,  until  his  death 
Sept.  8,  1873. 

SMALL,  Edward  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Jackson,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
uated  at  Union  in  1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  June  13,  1837,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.,  8,  '39,  by  Shenango;  pastor  of  Springfield  and  Rocky 
Spring,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1839-Ap.,  '61,  and  is  without 
charge  near  Mercer. 
SMALL,  Gilbert  (A.): 

Was  born  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 


THE   MINISTRY.  583 

at  Union  in  1849,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  Nov.  15,  1853,  by  Cambridge  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  I,  '56,  by  Miami;  was  pastor  of  N.  Liberty,  Adams  Co., 
O.,  Nov.,  1856-Oct.,  '59;  was  S.  S.  in  Indianopolis,  Ind., 
i860-' 7;  pastor  at  Pittsburgh,  Carroll  Co.,  Ind.,  1868-9; 
Burnett's  Creek,  Ind.,  1869-Sept.  25,  ''']']\  joined  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.,  and  supplies  a  congregation  near  Idaville,  Ind. 

SMART,  James  Patterson  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  Dr.  John  G. ;  was  born  July  14,  1814,  in  Hunt- 
ingdon, Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1833,  and  studied 
theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  19,  1837,  by  Phil- 
adelphia Pres.,  and  ordained  July  9,  '39,  by  Miami;  was  pas- 
tor of  Massie's  Creek,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  from  ordination  until 
death,  which  took  place  Feb.  28,  1861,  from  bronchial  con- 
sumption. 

SMART,  John  Gardner,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  John  Smart,  who  came  to  this  country 
in  1761  with  Drs.  Mason  and  Annan,  and  returned  again  to 
Scotland;  was  born  Aug.  3,  1804,  in  Huntingdon,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1822,  and  studied  theology  in  Phil- 
adelphia under  Dr.  Banks,  during  which  time  be  brought 
out  the  first  American  edition  oi  Cicero' s  Orations^  with  notes 
in  English,  long  known  to  students  as  Smart's  Cicero.  He 
was  licensed  Aug.  17,  1826,  by  the  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Nov.  5,  '29,  sine  titiilo^  by  Cambridge;  pastor  at 
Johnstown,  Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  July  21,  1830-Sept.,  '37;  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  May  2,  1838-June,  '50;  for  family  reasons  he 
made  his  home  in  Coila,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  sup- 
plied vacant  churches  as  he  had  opportunity.  He  died  July 
18,  1862,  while  on  a  visit  at  a  friend's  house  at  Shoreham, 
Vt. ,  from  inflammation  of  the  bowels,  after  four  days  of  great 
suffering.  The  Smart  brothers  were  very  unlike,  yet  they 
were  equally  esteemed  for  their  genuine  mental  and  moral 
worth.  They  were  both  good  writers  and  contributed  to  the 
periodic  literature  of  their  church. 

SMEALLIE,  Alexander  Murray: 

Brother  of  James  M. ;  was  born  Jan.  31,  1843,  ^^  Princetown, 
Schenectady  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1867,  and 


584  THE   MINISTRY. 

studied  theology  at  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  was  licensed  Ap.  2"]^ 
1870,  by  Delaware  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  30,  '72,  by  the 
same ;  pastor  at  Kortright  Centre,  Delaware  Co. ,  N.  Y. ,  since 
ordination. 

SMEALLIE,  James  M.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  12,  1820,  in  Princeton,  Schenectady  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  educated  at  Union,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  on  the  same 
day,  the  20th  of  June,  1850;  was  pastor  of  Troy  and  South- 
field,  Oakland  Co.,  Mich.,  Sept.  i,  1852-Mar.  4,  '60;  at  N. 
Kortright,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  19,  i86i-'8;  at  Cabin  Hill,  same 
county,  June  4,  '68,  until  his  death  on  the  7th  of  the  follow- 
ing Sept.  When  near  his  end  and  in  great  suffering  he  was 
heard  to  murmur:  "O,  faith  !  faith  !  This  is  thy  trial,"  and 
after  a  pause,  he  added:  "And  this  is  thy  triumph,"  and 
died. 

SMEALLIE,  Peter*: 

Brother  of  J.  M. ;  was  born  in  Princetown,  Schenectady  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1853,  and  studied  theology 
privately  with  the  Rev.  A.  Thomas;  was  licensed  in  1859  t>y 
Saratoga  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  2,  '66,  by  Delaware.  He 
devoted  his  time  mainly  to  teaching  in  Jackson,  Miss.,  1853 
-'5;  Principal  of  the  Academy  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  1855- 
'64,  also  of  the  Collegiate  Institute  at  Andes,  N.  Y.,  1864- 
'7;  died  Feb.  4,  1867. 

SMILEY,  William  Brownlee: 

Was  born  Dec.  7,  1856,  in  Robinson  Twp.,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  in  1879,  at  Westminster,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  3,  1881,  by  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  12,  '82,  by  Chartiers;  pastor 
of  Chartiers,  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  since  ordination. 

SMITH,  Alexander: 

Was  born  Aug.  22,  1831,  in  county  Derry,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth,  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1865,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  11,  '66,  by  Chicago;  was  pastor  of  Shannon 
and  Rock  Run,  111.,  Ap.,  1866-Aug.  25;  '69;  at  Port  Hope, 
in  Ontario,   Canada,  May  4,   1870-May  2,   '71;  Northwood, 


THE   MINISTRY.  585 

O.,  Feb.   26,   1872-Dec.    19,  '76;  Paterson,  N.  J.,  since  Dec. 
4,  1877. 

SMITH,  Grorge  Buchanan: 

Was  born  in  1856,  at  Youngstown,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1885,  by  Cleveland,  and  ordained  May 

17,  '87,  by  Steubenville;  pastor  at  Salineville,  O.,  since  or- 
dination. 

SMITH,  James  DouCxREy: 

Was  born  Nov.  6,  1837,  in  Marshall,  Calhoun  Co.,  Mich.; 
was  reared  in  the  Episcopal  church,  and  made  a  profession  of 
religion  in  i860,  in  the  United  Presbyterian  congregation  of 
Chicago;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1866,  and  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1868,  by  Mon- 
mouth Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  13,  '70,  by  Chicago;  was  pas- 
tor of  Hanover,  Jo  Daviess  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  17,  1870-Nov.  9, 
'78;  Arlington  and  Caledonia,  Columbia  Co.,  Wis.,  1882. 
Publication:  History  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Congrega- 
tion of  Hanover,  111. 

SMITH,  James  Nelson  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  2,  1822,  near  Wooster,  O. ;  was  educated  at 
Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
Nov.  7,  1850,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  2, 
'51,  by  Shenango;  was  pastor  of  Portersville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa., 
i853-'57.  He  went  west  and  commenced  a  missionary  work 
of  his  own;  commenced  preaching  in  Ap.,  1857,  in  the 
vicinity  of  Berea,  Kan. ;  organized  a  congregation  in  Feb. 
1858,  and  in  Oct.,  '60,  commenced  serving  Garnett  in  con- 
nection with  Berea;  in  Oct.,  '69,  resigned  Berea  and  gave  his 
whole  time  to  Garnett  until  June,  '74,  when  he  resigned;  was 
pastor  at  Edgerton,  Kan.,  Ap.  i,  1876 — Oct.,  '81;  died  Jan. 

18,  1882. 

SMITH,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  the  year  1747,  near  Sterling,  in  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  and  studied  theology 
with  the  younger  Moncrieff  at  Alloa.  He  was  ordained  in 
1769  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Sterling,  with  a  view  of  going  as 
a  missionary  to  America.  In  the  late  autumn  of  1770  he  and 
37 


586  THE    MINISTRY. 

John  Rodgers  sailed  for  this  country,  not  only  as  mission- 
aries, but  also  as  commissioners  from  the  Asso.  Anti-Burgher 
Synod  to  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  which  was  under  its  care. 
On  the  9th  of  June,  1767,  this  Presbytery  had  admitted  David 
Telfair  and  Alexander  Kinlock  to  membership  without  re- 
quiring them  to  renounce  their  connection  with  the  Burgher 
Church.  The  S}"nod  condemned  this  action,  and  charged  the 
departing  missionaries  to  require  the  Presbytery  to  annul  it 
and  to  obliterate  the  minute  of  it,  and  failing  to  do  so  to  or- 
ganize a  new  Presbytery.  On  the  4th  of  June,  1771,  they 
met  with  the  Presbytery  at  Pequea,  Pa.,  and  gave  in  their 
credentials  and  instructions,  and  the  Presbytery  made  some 
apology  for  their  course  and  promised  to  be  more  discreet  in 
the  future,  but  refused  to  annul  the  past  or  to  obliterate  the 
minute.  The  new  missionaries  were  satisfied  and  took  their 
seats.  Before  the  year  was  out  Mr.  Smith  received  calls  from 
Guinston,  York  Co.,  and  Middle  Octoraro,  Lancaster  Co., 
Pa.  This  latter  he  accepted  and  was  installed  May  6,  1772. 
Mr.  Henderson's  removal  to  Chartiers,  in  Washington  Co., 
left  Oxford  vacant,  and  upon  the  19th  of  Mar.  1783,  Mr. 
Smith  added  it  to  his  charge,  and  at  the  same  time  Mr. 
Cuthbertson  resigned  the  charge  of  the  Covenanter,  congrega- 
tion of  Octoraro,  and  it  coalesced  with  Mr.  Smith's,  and  he 
henceforth  used  their  stone  church,  which  was  a  mile  north 
of  the  old  Seceder  one. 

Mr.  Smith  was  one  of  the  earliest  and  most  zealous  advo- 
cates of  a  union  with  the  Reformed  Presbyterians,  and  at- 
tended all  the  conventions  which  for  five  years  were  held 
to  bring  about  this  event,  and  voted  for  it  in  his  Presbytery 
in  June,  1782,  when  the  thing  was  finally  consummated. 
Smarting  under  some  disappointments  in  the  autumn  of  1794, 
he  repudiated  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  or  as  the  Synod  recorded 
it,  "broke  off  in  a  clandestine,  irregular  and  schismatical 
manner  all  connection  with  this  Synod."  This  terminated 
his  pastoral  relations  with  his  charge.  In  1795  or  1796  he 
united  with  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in  Nov., 
1796,  was  installed  as  pastor  of  Chartiers  and  Peter's  Creek, 
in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  as  the  successor  of  his  old  neighbor, 
Matthew     Henderson.     This    relation    with     the    Chartiers 


THE    MINISTRY.  587 

branch  was  terminated  Jan.  21,  1802,  upon  their  own  petition. 
Charges  of  immorality  and  disobedience  to  ecclesiastial  au- 
thority were  soon  afterwards  preferred  against  him,  and  on 
the  31st  of  Aug.,  1803,  he  was  suspended  by  the  Chartiers 
Pres.  for  contumacy,  as  he  would  not  answer  at  their  bar. 
This  terminated  his  pastoral  supervision  of  Peter's  Creek, 
He  appealed  his  case  to  Synod,  which,  in  May,  1804,  re- 
moved the  sentence  of  suspension  and  administered  a  rebuke, 
and  appointed  him  as  S.  S.  to  a  very  promising  mission  in 
Alexandria,  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  renewed  the 
appointment  in  the  meeting  of  1805.  In  the  autumn  of  1805 
he  was  compelled  to  leave  Alexandria,  because  of  gross  scan- 
dals which  not  only  injured  his  influence  for  good,  but  finally 
destroyed  the  mission.  For  these  scandals,  which  involved 
a  disregard  of  the  Seventh  Commandment,  he  was  put  on 
trial  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadelphia,  and  after  various  Presby- 
terial  processes,  and  the  advice  of  Synod,  was  in  Nov.,  1806, 
deposed  from  the  ministry,  and  excommunicated  from  the 
fellowship  of  the  church.  Pie  continued  to  reside  upon  a 
little  farm  in  the  vicinity  of  Canonsburg  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  suddenly  from  heart  disease  on  the  25th  of 
Mar.,  1825.  He  had  attended  the  funeral  of  a  neighbor,  a 
Mr.  Weller,  near  the  Presbyterian  Cli.,  south  of  Canonsburg, 
and  returned  with  the  family  to  the  house  of  the  deceased, 
and  several  friends  being  present,  he  delivered  a  very  solemn 
and  pertinent  address.  He  remained  over  night,  and  having 
taken  his  seat  at  the  breakfast  table  the  next  morning  asked 
a  blessing,  and  reclining  his  head  backward,  immediately  ex- 
pired without  a  struggle  or  a  groan. 

In  mental  force,  in  theological  learning  and  in  pulpit  power 
Mr.  Smith  had  few  equals,  and  perhaps  no  superiors  among 
all  the  ministers  with  whom  he  was  ecclesiastically  associated, 
and  for  twenty  years  his  influence  in  Presbytery  and  Synod 
was  equal  to  that  of  the  elder  Mason  or  Dr.  Annan,  and  soon 
after  the  union  of  1782  he  was  designated  by  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Synod  as  a  suitable  person  to  take  the  oversight  and  instruc- 
tion of  its  theological  students.  An  unhappy  temper,  soured 
by  disappointment,  made  the  last  ten  years  of  his  ministry 
neither  comfortable  to  himself  nor  profitable  to  his  church, 


588  THE   MINISTRY. 

aud  led  him  into  sinful  ways  and  habits.  His  fall  was  deep 
and  peculiarly  sad,  but  towards  the  close  of  his  life  he  gave 
ver}-  considerable  evidence  of  repentance  and  reformation,  and 
was  received  into  the  communion  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 
SMITH,  John  Wiluam: 

Was  born  near  Jamestown,  Crawford  co..  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1879,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1882,  by  the  Lake  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  15,  '83,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Oil  City,  Pa., 
May,  1883-Dec.  8,  '85;  of  Third  Ch.,  Xenia  O.,  since  June 
15,  1886. 

SMITH,  Philip  Young*: 

Was  born  Ap.  14,  1833,  in  Lanarkshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Glasgow  University,  and  studied  theology  in 
L'^'nion  Seminary,  New  York;  was  licensed  Sept.  15,  1863,  ^Y 
Second  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  28,  '66,  by  Bos- 
ton ;  was  pastor  at  Wilkinsonville,  Worcester  co. ,  Mass. ,  from 
ordination  till  his  death,  July  21,  1885. 
SMITH,  RoELOF  H.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  at  Holland,  and  ordained  June  28, 
1846,  by  the  Groning  Classis  of  that  country,  was  installed 
in  1 85 1  as  pastor  of  a  congregation  of  native  Hollanders  at 
Drenthe,  near  Holland,  in  Ottawa  Co.,  Mich.  In  June,  1853, 
he  and  his  congregation  transferred  their  connection  from  the 
Reformed  Dutch  Ch.,  to  the  Asso.  Ref  Presbytery  of  Michi- 
gan.    Remained  in  charge  until  death  May  12,  1886. 

SMITH,  Samuel  Ferguson  (A.  R.)*: 

Sixth  son  of  the  Rev.  Thomas,  of  Tuscarora;  was  born  in 
the  summer  of  1799  upon  the  ocean,  and  reared  in  Juniata  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1823,  ^^^^ 
studied  theology  privately,  except  his  last  year,  which  was 
spent  at  Allegheny,  that  being  the  first  year  of  that  Seminary's 
existence.  He  was  licensed  Aug  17,  1826,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  3,  '28,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of 
Sugar  Creek,  (now  Cochranton,)  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  from  his 
ordination  until  his  death,  Mar.  19,  1846. 
SMITH,  Thomas  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  20,  1755,  in  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Glas- 


THE   MINISTRY.  589 

gow  University,  and  studied  theology  with  the  younger  ]\Ion- 
crieff  at  Alloa,  in  Scotland.  He  was  licensed  in  1776,  and 
soon  afterward  ordained  and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Asso- 
ciate congregation  at  Ahanghel,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland. 
He  resigned  in  1798,  most  probably  because  of  some  troubles 
arising  out  of  the  "Irish  Rebellion;"  came  to  this  country 
in  1799,  and,  after  supplying  a  year  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  was 
installed  in  1801  as  pastor  of  Tuscarora,  Juniata  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
after  Mr.  Logan's  death,  Fermanagh  (Mexico)  was  added  to 
his  charge  in  1806.  He  retained  these  relations  until  his 
death,  Feb.  12,  1832,  although  for  a  year  or  so  he  had  become 
too  feeble  to  preach. 

Mr.  Smith  was  small  in  person,  active,  temperate,  courte- 
ous, orthodox,  a  strong  churchman  and  a  good  preacher. 
He  was  very  much  opposed  to  union  with  the  Presbyterian 
Ch.  in  1822;  led  the  opposition  in  General  Synod,  raised  the 
point  of  order  that  seven  yeas  was  not  a  majorty  of  sixteen 
members  present,  and  drafted  the  protest  of  those  who  voted 
in  the  negative.  When  General  Synod  was  dissolved  he 
came  home  and  gathered  up  the  fragments  of  the  Pres.  of  Big 
Spring,  and  carried  them  to  the  Pres.  of  Monongahela  and 
the  Synod  of  the  West,  until  the  ordination  of  Dr.  Alex.  Sharp 
enabled  him  to  resuscitate  his  old  Pres.  To  his  adopted 
country  he  gave  seven  sons  and  five  daughters. 
SMITH,  Thomas  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Dumfries,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Edin- 
burgh University,  and  studied  theology  with  the  younger 
Moncriefif.  In  1790  he  was  appointed  by  Synod  to  go  as  a 
missionary  to  America,  but  failed  to  go.  After  traveling  and 
supplying  for  ten  years  in  Scotland  he  came  to  the  U.  S.  upon 
his  own  motion  and  responsibility  in  the  year  1800,  and 
united  with  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania.  He  traveled 
for  eleven  years  in  the  Asso.  Synod  before  he  received  a  call, 
and  was  then  installed  in  181 1  as  the  first  and  only  pastor  of 
the  Asso.  congregation  in  the  town  of  Huntingdon,  Pa.  He 
continued  in  this  relation  until  his  death  in  1825. 
SMITH,  Thomas  Gibson  (A.  R)*: 

Was  born  in   1756  in  Scotland,  and  came  to  America  in 
1774;  studied  theology  privately  and  partly  with   the  Elder 


590  THE   MINISTRY. 

Mason  in  New  York;  was  licensed  May  27,  1789,  by  the  Pres. 
of  New  York,  and  ordained  May  6,  '91,  by  the  same;  pastor 
of  Little  Britain  and  Shawangunk,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May, 
1791-May  14,  1800;  joined  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pas- 
tor of  the  churches  of  Kleyn  Esopus,  Blooniingdale  and  Hur- 
ley, i8oo-'8;  of  Tarrytown  and  Unionville,  N.  Y.,  1808,  until 
his  death,  Ap.  10,  1837. 

SMITH,  William  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1807  in  York  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Frank- 
lin in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed 
•July  10,  1839,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  25, 
'41,  by  Illinois;  was  pastor  of  Pisgah  and  Tirzah,  Washington 
Co.,  la.,  Aug.,  i84i-'9;of  Rich  Hill  and  Concord,  Armstrong 
Co.,  Pa.,  June,  i85i-'6o;  of  Buffalo,  Marquette  Co.,  Wis., 
Oct.    12,  i864-'72,  and  died  July  16,  1873. 

SMYTH,  Charles  B.  (A.) 

Was  born,  educated,  licensed  and  ordained  in  Ireland;  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  1850,  and  on  the  31st  of  Oct.  of  that  year 
joined  the  Asso.  Pres,  of  Albany,  but  soon  after  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Delhi,  Delaware  Co., 
N.  Y.,  i85i-'8;  in  the  spring  of  1869  he  joined  the  First 
United  Presbyterian  Pres,  of  New  York,  and  was  pastor  of 
East  Eleventh  St.,  New  York  city,  Sept.  13,  1869-May  16, 
'70,  and  then  went  back  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  till  1882. 
when  he  returned  to  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch,,  and  was 
suspended  in  1886. 

SNODGRASS,  John  M.  (A.): 

Was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1849,  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  18,  1850,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  in  Oct.,  '51,  by  Miami;  was  installed  pastor  of 
Poplar  Ridge  jand  Canonsburg,  in  Putnam  and  Hancock 
counties,  O. ,  at  ordination;  demitted  the  latter  in  1856  and 
retained  the  former  (changed  in  name  to  Leipsic),  until  the 
union.  He  declined  going  into  the  union  of  1858,  and  re- 
mained with  the  residuary  Asso.  Synod,  and  now  serves  in 
the  pastorate  of  Spring  Branch,  Wayne  Co.,  la. 

SNODGRASS,  Matthew  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1792  in  the  Shenango  congregation,  Crawford 


THE    MINISTRY.  59I 

Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Jeiferson  and  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1826,  by  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  20,  '27,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at  ordina- 
tion over  Cherry  Run  and  Conneaut,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.;  re- 
signed the  former  in  Jan.,  1838,  and  retained  the  latter  with 
Fairfield  and  French  Creek  until  1856,  when  he  was  released 
from  all  except  Fairfield,  and  from  it  on  the  3d  of  Feb.,  '64. 
He  remained  without  charge  until  his  death,  Mar.  25,  1870. 
SNODGRASS,  William  John: 

Was  born  Mar.  4,  1845,  ^^^  S.  Shenango,  Crawford  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1867,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  i,  1868,  by  Lake 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  24,  1869,  by  Mercer;  was  installed 
at  ordination  over  W.  Middlesex,  in  Mercer  Co.,  and  added 
Clarksville,  for  one-third  time,  Dec.  27,  1878. 

SOMERS,  William  Carr  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  2,  1820,  in  Barnet,  Vt, ;  was  educated  at 
Union  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  May 
22,  1850,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  21,  '53,  by 
Caledonia;  pastor  at  Cuylerville,  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May 
1853-N0V.  12,  '56;  Hobart,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1858-Oct. 
'65;  Ridge,  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  1869-May  12,  '74;  Sunny  Dale, 
Sedgwick  Co.,  Kan.,  Aug.  21,  1877-July  31,  '83. 
SOMERVILLE,  David  (A.)*: 

Was  born  near  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and  was  graduated  at 
the  University  of  that  city,  and  studied  theology  with  Prof. 
Moncrieff;  was  licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.,  of  Glasgow,  and 
was  ordained  as  pastor  at  Strathaven  in  1769  or  1770.  Here 
he  labored  very  usefully  for  twenty  years,  and  was  then 
forced  to  resign  because  of  feebleness  arising  from  a  great  loss 
of  blood  from  the  nose.  In  1790  or  '91  he  came  to  this  coun- 
try; joined  the  Asso.  Pres.,  of  Pennsylvania,  and  preached, 
as  his  health  allowed  him,  in  the  vacancies  in  Pennsylvania 
and  Virginia,  and  died  in  1793  in  Rockbridge  Co.,  Va. 
SOUTHERLAND,  W.  B. : 

Was  received  Sept.  28,  1864,  by  the  Second  New  York 
Pres.,  from  the  Congregational  Ch. ;  was  pastor  of  28th 
street.  New  York,  Feb.  i865-'66;  supplied  a  year  or  so  at 
Thomsonville,  Conn.,  and  then  left  the  denomination. 


592  THE   MINISTRY. 

SPALDING,  William  Alvin: 

Was  born  July  20,  1850,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1878,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained June  24,  '79,  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  at  Oskaloosa, 
Mahaska  Co.,  la.,  June,  1879-May  i,  '81;  N.  Henderson,  111., 
Aug.  23,  i88i-Dec.  15,  '84;  S.  S.  Davenport,  la.,  1885. 

SPEER,  John  Stuart: 

Was  born  Nov.  25,  1836,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  i860,  and  after  serving  as  a  captain  in 
the  civil  war  and  signal  officer  in  the  U.  S.  Army  he  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1866,  by  the 
Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  3,  '67,  by  Westmore- 
land; was  pastor  at  Buena  Vista,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept., 
1867-Dec.  16,  '73;  at  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  since  Ap.  21,  1874. 
SPEER,  Thomas  Latta,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  4,  1808,  in  Peter's  township,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1834,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1838,  by  Second 
Ohio,  and  ordained  May  14,  '40,  by  Monongahela;  was  pas- 
tor of  New  Brighton  and  Rocky  Springs,  Pa.,  May  14,  1840 
-May  16,  '43;  of  Chartiers  Cross  Roads,  Washington  Co., 
1843,  until  his  death,  which  occurred  Nov.  25,  1851,  from 
hemorrhage  of  lungs. 

SPENCER,  Francis  Marion,  D.  D.  : 

Brother  of  William  G. ;  was  born  Feb.  24,  1842,  near  Cedar- 
ville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1870,  by  Xenia 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  29,  '71,  by  Kansas;  was  pastor  in 
Leavenworth,  Kan.,  Sept.,  1871-Aug.  12,  '79;  President  of 
Muskingum  College,  June,  i879-'86. 
SPENCER,  William  Guthrie*: 

Was  born  Jan.  8,  1836,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Mar.  29,  1864,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  26, 
'65,  by  Southern  Indiana;  was  pastor  at  Portland  Mills,  Ind., 
Ap.,  1865-Ap.  3,  '78;  of  Somerville  and  Eden,  Ind.,  Ap.  3, 
1878-Sept.   12,   '82.     Died  Feb.   29,  1884,  from  enlargement 


THE    MINISTRY.  593 

of  the  spleen.     Publication:  History  of  the  Princeton  Pres., 

1878. 

STALKER,  Duncan  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1783  in  Comrie,  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was  li- 
censed Aug.  6,  1805,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Perth,  and  ordained 
in  Dec,  1807,  and  installed  pastor  at  Peebles.  Here  he  re- 
mained for  over  twenty  years  and  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1830; 
was  pastor  at  N.  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1831 
-June,  '52;  died  Dec.  5,  1853,  from  paralysis. 
STANSBURY,  Arthur  J.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  New  York  city  in  1781,  and  was  graduated  at 
Columbia  College  in  1799,  and  studied  and  practiced  law  for 
a  short  time;  entered  the  Theo.  Sem.  in  New  York  in  1807; 
was  licensed  in  May,  1810,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and 
ordained  Oct.  25,  '10,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Graham's  Ch., 
Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.,  i8io-July  31,  '16;  pastor  at  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y.,  Nov.  31,  i8i6-May,  '17;  joined  the  Presbyte- 
rian, Ch.,  and  was  pastor  of  the  First  Ch.,  Albany,  N.  Y., 
until  deposed  from  the  ministry  for  immorality,  Feb.  26,  1821. 
He  was  for  many  years  congressional  reporter  for  the  National 
Intelligencer.  Died  at  his  son's  house  in  Philadelphia,  Sept. 
27,  1865.  Dr.  Mcjimsey,  who  preceded  and  also  succeeded 
him  at  Graham's  Ch.,  and  always  kept  up  intercourse  with 
him,  stated  that  in  his  declining  years  he  gave  evidence  of 
being  a  true  Christian. 

STARK,  Andrew,  LL.  D.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1790  in  Sheilknows,  Sterlingshire,  Scotland; 
spent  six  years  in  the  University  of  Glasgow,  and  was  gradu- 
ated Master  of  Arts  in  1811 ;  studied  theology  three  years  with 
Prof  Paxton,  then  taught  Latin  and  Greek  for  three  years  in 
London;  returned  to  Scotland  and  finished  his  theological 
course,  and  was  licensed  in  Oct.,  1817,  and  ordained  Sept.  16, 
'18;  was  pastor  of  South  Shields,  Sept.,  1818-June  14,  '19; 
taught  a  year  in  the  family  of  Sir  Fredrick  Vane  at  his  country 
seat  on  the  Cumberland  Lakes,  and  then  came  to  the  U.  S., 
landing  in  New  York  Oct.  6,  1820.  He  joined  the  Asso.  Ch., 
and  was  pastor  of  the  Grand  St.  Ch.,  in  New  York  from  May, 
1822,  until  his  death.  He  became  involved  in  trouble  with 
his  Synod  because  of  his  friendship  with  the  Bullions,  and  he 


594  THE    MINISTRY. 

shared  with  them  their  fate  and  was  associated  with  them  in 
their  separate  Synod.  His  health  became  so  feeble  that  he 
was  compelled  to  take  a  vacation  from  labor,  and  sailed  in 
Jnne,  1849,  ^^^  Scotland.  He  grew  steadily  worse  and  died 
Sept,  18  at  Denny  Loanhead,  Scotland,  from  nervous  pros- 
tration. 
STEELE,  Daniel: 

Was  received  Ap.  12,  1859,  by  the  Pres.  of  St.  Louis  from 
the  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Kaskaskia  (O.  S.);  was  pastor  of 
Bethel,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  i86o-'6;  returned  to  the  Presby- 
terian Ch.  in  1870,  and  resides  without  charge  at  Rantoul, 
Champaign  Co.,  111. 
STEELE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  17,  1772,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  but  his  parents 
moved  soon  afterward  and  settled  as  pioneers  on  the  Hinks- 
ton  Fork  of  the  Licking  River,  in  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky.  Here 
he  was  reared  and  received  his  primary  instruction.  At  that 
day  every  minister  on  the  frontier  was  a  classical  teacher. 
Mr.  Steele  was  graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1792,  a  classmate 
of  Dr.  Mcjimsey,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Nisbet  at 
Carlisle,  and  also  with  John  Young  at  Timber  Ridge,  Rock- 
bridge Co.,  Va.  He  was  licensed  May  25,  1797,  by  the  First 
Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^ 
Aug.  12,  '99,  by  the  same.  He  was  soon  afterward  installed 
as  pastor  of  the  congregations  of  Millersburg,  Shiloh,  Flem- 
ing and  Mt.  Olivet,  situated  in  the  four  counties  of  Bourbon, 
Nicholls,  Fleming  and  Montgomery,  in  Kentucky.  This  re- 
quired him  to  be  fully  one-half  of  his  time  on  horseback.  In 
1803  he  resigned  the  two  most  distant  branches  and  retained 
two  which  were  only  thirty  miles  apart.  Many  of  his  parish- 
ioners did  not  like  the  state  of  society  in  Kentucky  and  moved 
from  time  to  time  into  Ohio,  and  particularly  into  Greene 
Co.  He  finally  followed  in  181 7  and  took  the  pastoral  charge 
of  the  Asso.  Ref.  congregations  of  Xenia  and  Springfield 
until  Oct.  12,  1836,  when  he  resigned  because  of  the  infirmi- 
ties of  age,  and  moved  his  family  to  Oxford,  O.,  for  its  facili- 
ties for  the  education  of  his  sons.  Having  just  accomplished 
this,  without  a  groan  or  a  struggle  he  suddenly  died  on  the 
morning  of  the  nth  of  Jan.,  1837. 


THE    MINISTRY.  595 

His  mind  was  logical  and  somewhat  scholastic.  He  was  a 
close,  clear  reasoner,  who  made  no  nse  of  the  imagination. 
He  possessed  an  nnsnally  good  library,  with  the  contents  of 
which  he  was  very  familiar,  so  that  he  was  an  able,  clear- 
headed theologian,  well  read  in  chnrch  history  and  versed  in 
ecclesiastical  affairs.  Great  reliance  was  placed  on  his  judg- 
ment in  all  matters  of  discipline  and  church  order.  He 
served  long  and  with  much  ability  as  clerk  of  both  Presby- 
tery and  Synod. 

STEELE,  John  Cunningham,  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Rev.  John;  was  born  Dec.  22,  1812,  in  Bourbon  Co., 
Ky. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  University  in  1832,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1837,  by  First 
Ohio,  and  ordained  June,  14,  '38,  by  the  same;  was  pastor 
in  Cincinnati,  O.,  June,  i838-'4i;  was  partially  thrown  aside 
from  the  ministry  for  several  years  by  feeble  health ;  was  pas- 
tor of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  i849-'53,  and  then  for  a  long  time 
disqualified  from  pastoral  labor,  although  able  to  supply  most 
of  the  time;  was  one  year  Prof  of  Mental  and  Moral  Philo- 
sophy and  Logic  in  Duquesne  College,  in  Pittsburgh;  was 
pastor  at  Warrensburg,  Mo.,  May  14,  1872-June  30,  '76, 
where  he  still  remains  without  charge.  Publication:  The 
Genealogy  of  Our  Saviour  in  the  United  Presbyterian  Quar- 
terly Review^  Vol.  I. 

STEELE,  Joseph  Drake  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  John;  was  born  Aug.  30,  1820,  in  Xenia, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1840,  and  studied  theology 
at  Oxford  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  26,  1844,  by 
Monongahela  Pres. ,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  June  24,  '57, 
by  Iowa;  spent  many  years  in  purely  missionary  work,  and 
frequently  on  new  ground,  and  sometimes  in  feeble  health. 
Resided  for  years  at  Warsaw,  Benton  Co.,  Mo.,  and  engaged 
in  teaching,  and  preached  as  opportunities  presented  them- 
selves.    Died  May  15,  1882,  of  consumption. 

STEPHENSON,  Robert*: 

Was  born  in  1820  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  and  was  there  edu- 
cated in  literature  and  theology;  was  ordained  in  May,  '60, 
by  the  Ref.   Presbyterian  Pres.   of  Philadelphia ;  joined  the 


596  THE   MINISTRY. 

United  Presbyterian    Pres.    of    Monongahela  Ap.    30,    1872, 
and  died  Jan.  30,  1874. 

STEPHENSON,  Thomas: 

Was  born  Feb.  27,  1833,  at  Sidney,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  Mar.  30,  1864,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  14,  '65,  by  Bloomington:  pastor  of  Peoria, 
June,  1865-May  '66;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  has 
been  pastor  in  several  charges. 

STEVENSON,  Ephraim  H.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  20,  1820,  at  Wagontown,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Delaware  College,  Newark,  Del.,  in  1844; 
was  Principal  of  the  Hopewell  Academy  for  four  years,  and 
then  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  8, 
185 1,  by  Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  4,  '52,  by 
Ohio,  sine  titiilo;  was  S.  S.  at  Stowe  and  Springfield,  Summit 
Co.,  O.,  until  1855,  when  he  was  appointed  by  Synod  to  go  as  a 
missionary  to  North  India.  He  reached  his  field  of  labor  in 
the  spring  of  1856,  and  labored  there  for  ten  yeai'S,  when  fail- 
ing health  compelled  his  return.  He  preached  as  health  and 
circumstances  would  allow  for  a  time,  and  then  became  Prin- 
cipal of  the  Academy  in  New  London,  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
afterwards  of  the  Andes  Collegiate  Institute,  Delaware  Co., 
N.  Y.,  where  he  died  very  suddenly  Sept.  20,  1879,  from 
heart  disease,  while  hearing  a  class  in  Eatin. 

STEVENSON,  Josias: 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1828,  near  Londonderry,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  June  30,  1858,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Dec.  I,  '59,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  W.  Alexander,  Pa.,  Dec. 
1859-Nov.  2,  '70;  N.  Buffalo,  Pa.,  June  13,  1871-Feb.  8,  '76; 
of  Greensburg  and  Latrobe,  Pa.,  May,  9,  1878-Dec.  19,  '82, 
and  Greensburg  alone  Ap.  8,  '84;  Savannah,  O. ;  June  30, 
1885. 
STEVENSON,  William: 

Was  born  Jan.  22,  1842,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.   2,   1873,  ^Y  Mon- 


THE   MINISTRY.  597 

mouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  5,  '75,  by  Southern  Illinois; 
pastor  at  Xenia  Prairie,  111.,  Oct.  1875-Aug.  15,  '^']\  at 
Kingsville,  Mo.,  July  16,  1878-Ap.  4,  '84. 

STEVENSON,  William  R.  : 

Brother  of  Josias;  was  born  Ap.  4,  1842,  at  Scrogg-sfield, 
Carroll  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Washington  and  Jefferson 
in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
May  10,  1870,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^ 
Sept.  19,  '71,  by  Conemaugh;  pastor  at  Sewickley  and  W. 
Newton,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  17,  1872-Oct.  19,  '81; 
Portland,  Ore.,  S.  S.  1884.  Publication:  Biographical  His- 
tory of  Class  1868,  pp.  32. 
STEWART,  Albert  Struthers: 

Was  born  Sept.  26,  1847,  at  Cortsville,  in  Mahoning  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1873,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1875,  by  First  New 
York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  23,  '78,  by  Argyle;  was  pas- 
tor at  Greensboro,  Vt,  Oct.,  1878-Jan.  17,  '81;  Olivet, 
Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  8,  1884-Dec.  14,  '86. 

STEWART,  David  Chambers: 

Son  of  Robert  E. ;  was  born  Sept.  5,  i860,  at  Belbrook,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  the  Indiana  University  in  1884,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1886,  by  Southern 
Illinois,  and  ordained  July  15,  '87,  by  the  same;  pastor  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  since  ordination. 
STEWART,  David  Craig: 

Brother  of  Robert  B. ;  was  born  Jan.  1850,  near  St.  Clairs- 
ville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1872;  spent  three 
years  as  clerk  and  cashier  in  a  bank  in  Iowa;  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1879,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and  ordained  Feb.  16,  '81,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of  Frankfort 
Springs,  Beaver  Co. ,  Pa. ,  since  ordination. 

STEWART,  George  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1782  at  Greencastle,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Dickinson  in  1805,  and  studied  theology  in 
New  York  with  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  June,  1809,  by 
the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained  in  Ap.,  '10,  by  the 
same;  was  pastor  in  Bloomingburgh,   Sullivan  Co.,   N.   Y., 


598  THE   MINISTRY. 

from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Sept.  20,  1818.     He  was 
a  good  preacher  in  the  best  sense  of  the  term,  wise  in  all  his 
ways,  a  superior  pastor  and  distinguished  for  his  deep  and 
consistent  piety. 
STEWART,  Henry  F.  *: 

Was  born  in  1842  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1862,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  10,  1866,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  ]\Iay 
7,  '67,  by  the  Lake;  was  pastor  at  Jamestown,  Mercer  Co., 
Pa.,  from  ordination  iintil  death,  Sept.  20,  1868. 

STEWART,  John  Edie: 

Was  born  Ap.  22,  1847,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Dec.  26,  1882,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Aug.  8,  '83,  by  Cedar  Rapids;  pastor  of  Garner,  la.,  Aug., 
1883-June  30,  '85;  Graham's  Church,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y., 
since  June,  1887. 
STEWART,  John  Finney  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Aug.  12,  1828,  at  Monroe,  Butler  Co.,  O. ;  was 
educated  at  Farmer's  College,  and  studied  theology  at  Ox- 
ford; was  licensed  in  Sept.,  1855,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  2,  '57,  by  Second  Illinois;  pastor  of  Union  and 
Sparta,  111.,  Ap.,  1857,  till  i860,  and  Sparta  till  Oct.  5,  '70; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  now  at  Boulder,  Col., 
without  a  charge. 
STEWART,  John  Graham: 

Son  of  Robert  E. ;  was  born  July  31,  1851,  at  Vienna,  Rush 
Co. ,  Ind. ;  was  graduated  at  Indiana  State  University,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1883,  by 
Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  27,  '84,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of 
Rock  Run,  Stephenson  Co.,  111.,  from  ordination  until  June 
16,  '87. 
STEWART,  Jonathan  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  2,  1827,  at  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  University  in  1853,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Oxford 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  2,  1856,  by  Springfield 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,  22,  '58,  by  Le  Claire;  was  pastor 
of  Andrew  and  La  Motte,  Jackson  Co.,  la.,  Sept.,  1858-65; 


THE    MINISTRY.  599 

Unity,   Adams    Co.,    O.,    1867-Mar.,    '71;    Tranquillity,    O., 
Sept.  27,  1871,  until  his  death.  Mar.  2,  1878. 
STEWART,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  6,  1797,  in  Ohio  Co.,  W.  Va.,  but  when  six 
years  old  the  family  moved  to  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated 
in  the  Grammar  School  of  Steele  and  McMillen  in  Xenia, 
then  in  the  Classical  School  at  New  Athens,  which  ripened 
into  Franklin  College,  and  finally  in  the  Academy  at  New 
Washington,  which  grew  into  Madison  College;  and  studied 
theology  in  Allegheny.  He  was  licensed  May  26,  1830,  by 
Second  Ohio  Pres. ,  and  ordained  in  Dec.  '32,  by  First  Ohio; 
was  installed  at  ordination  over  Cherry  Fork  and  West  Fork, 
Adams  Co.,  O. ;  resigned  the  latter  in  '38,  and  gave  all  his 
time  to  the  former  until  his  death,  Nov.  24,  1851. 

STEWART,  Robert,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  31,  1839,  at  Sidney  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Jefferson  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  12,  1864,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov. 
9,  '66,  sine  titnlo^  by  First  Ohio;  was  S.  S.  at  Ashland  and 
Savannah,  O.,  July  i,  1865-6;  at  Dayton  O.,  July  i,  i866-'8; 
at  Davenport,  N.  Y.,  S.  S.,  Aug.  16,  i868-'9,  and  pastor  Aug. 
17,  1869-Sept.  I,  1872;  was  Prof  of  Exegetics  and  Honiiletics 
in  Newburgh  Theo.  Sem.,  Oct.,  1873-Oct.,  '78;  editor  of 
Evangelical  Repository^  1 879-' 80.  Missionary  to  Northern 
India  since  1881. 
STEWART,  Robert  Beli.: 

Was  born  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin 
in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May 
5,  1868,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  i,  1871,  by 
Nebraska;  pastor  at  Rock  Bluflf,  Neb.,  Nov.,  1871-July  2,  ''^2i\ 
Jefferson,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  July  i,  1875-Mar.  25,  '79;  S.  S. 
Chariton,  la.,  i879-'83. 

STEWART,  Robert  Ewing  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  23,  1825,  "^^^  New  Richmond,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Miami  University  in  1846,  and  studied  theology 
at  Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1849,  ^Y  Indiana  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  8,  '50,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Vienna  and  Shiloh, 
Ind.,  Ap.,  1850-Ap.,  '55;  Sugar  Creek,  O.,  Sept.,  1856,  until 


6oO  THE    MINISTRY. 

his  death,  Oct.  i6,  i860.     Publications:  Sermons  in  Vols.  I. 
and  III  of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit. 

STEWART,  Samuei.  B: 

Was  born  Dec.  24,  1844,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
at  Franklin,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
June  20,  1876,  by  Westmoreland  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18, 
'78,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Madison,  Westmoreland  Co., 
June,  1878-July  I,  '79;  Clinton  and  Shiloh,  Butler  Co.,  Pa., 
Ap.  4,  1882-Oct.  31,  '87. 

STEWART,  Samuel  J. : 

Was  born  Nov.  8,  1845,  in  Viola,  111. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was 
licensed  Ap.  27,  1871,  by  Chicago  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  17, 
'72,  by  First  New  York;  pastor  of  West  25th  St.,  New  York, 
Ap.,  1872-Jan.  19,  '74;  Steubenville,  O.,  Mar.  16,  1874-Feb. 
13,  ''']']\  joined  the  Congregational  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  in 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  Ap.  4,  1877-Sept.,  '79;  of  the  Unitarian 
Ch.,  in  Bangor,  Me.,  i88o-'82;  turned  lawyer,  and  is  located 
in  Kansas. 

STEWART,  Samuel  S.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  13,  1849,  ^^  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Ohio  Central  in  1877,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  14,  1880,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  16, 
'83,  by  Southern  Illinois;  pastor  of  Xenia  Prairie,  Clay  Co., 
111.,  since  ordination. 

STEWART,  Thomas  Beatty: 

Son  of  Robert  E. ,  and  grandson  of  Dr.  John  Graham ;  was 
born  Oct.  i,  1854,  in  Glenwood,  Rush  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Indiana  University  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  two 
years  at  Xenia  and  one  year  in  the  Presbyterian  Theo.  Sem. 
of  the  Pacific;  was  licensed  Aug.  29,  1882,  by  Indiana  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  11,  '83,  by  California.  In  the  autumn  of 
'82  he  took  charge  of  a  mission  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  organ- 
ized it  as  the  Second  Ch.,  May  18,  '83,  and  was  installed  as 
its  pastor  Aug.  4,  1884. 
STEWART,  William  Everett: 

Was  born  Sept.  14,  1850,  at  Freedom,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at 


THK    MINISTRY.  6oi 

Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1881,  by  Beaver  Valley  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  16,  '82,  by  Albany;  pastor  at  West  Charlton, 
Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1882-Tuly  19,  '85. 
STEWART,  William  Reid: 

Was  born  Jan.  31,  1846,  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1867,  by  Westmoreland 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  5,  '68,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Adams- 
ville,  Crawford  Co.,  May,  i868-'7o;  was  sent  by  the  Gen. 
Ass.  in  1870  to  Salem,  Ore. ;  in  1872  transferred  himself  and 
congregation  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  remained  in  Salem 
until  Oct.,  1875;  served  a  church  in  Mendocino,  Cal. ;  one  in 
Laporte,  la. ;  one  at  Marengo,  la. ,  and  is  now  at  Williamsburg, 
la. 
STORY,  Alexander  (A.): 

Was  born  Dec.  30,  1820,  in  S.  Shenango,  Crawford  Co.,, 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1841,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June  24,  1845,  ^Y  Shenango 
Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titulo^  July  12,  '47,  by  the  same;, 
made  a  missionary  tour  through  Michigan  and  W^isconsin,, 
then  unbroken  ground  by  the  Asso.  Ch. ;  was  installed  pastor 
of  Columbus  City  and  Grandview,  la.,  in  Oct.,  1853;  "^'^^  ^^~ 
leased  from  the  latter  in  Mar. ,  59,  and  from  the  former  June 
23)  '75;  is  now  editor  of  the  Gazette  in  Washington,  la. 
STORY,  William  Murray: 

Was  born  July  25,  1853,  near  Jamestown,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1877,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1880,  by  the  Lake  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  23,  '81,  by  Bloomington;  pastor  at  Low 
Point,  Woodford  Co.,  111.,  since  ordination. 

STRANE,  Archibald  Kirkwood: 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  West- 
minster in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Ap.  13,  1881,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  ahd  ordained  Oct.  8,  '81,  by 
Wabash;  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Clinton  Co.,  Ind.,  Oct.,  1881 
-June  30,  '85;  Idaville,  Ind.,  Nov.  13,  1885- 
STRANG,  David  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  in  1799  in  Buchlyvie, 
38 


602  THE   MINISTRY. 

thirteen  miles  west  of  Sterling,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at 
St.  Andrew's  University,  and  coming  to  this  country  studied 
theology  two  years  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  and  finished  at 
Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  8,  1835,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.,  16,  '36,  by  Stamford;  was  pastor  at 
Peoria,  (York,)  Wyoming  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1836-Sept.  '55; 
supplied  vacant  churches  in  Central  Ohio,  Tenn.,  and  111., 
and  died  Dec.  8,  1872,  at  Monmouth,  111. 
STRANG,  David: 

Son  of  Moses,  a  younger  brother  of  the  Rev.  James  and 
David;  was  born  May  22,  1837,  in  Cambridge,  Washington 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  although  reared  near  Reynoldsburgh,  Franklin 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  with  honor  at  Westminster  in  1861; 
was  married  the  following  week  and  settled  down  as  assistant 
farmer  to  his  father  imtil  Aug.,  1862,  when  he  joined  the 
Pennsylvania  "Roundhead  Regiment,"  (looth,)  and  shared 
its  fortunes  during  the  remainder  of  the  civil  war,  being 
severely  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  Court  House 
May  12,  1864.  When  the  war  was  virtually  over,  but  before 
being  mustered  out  of  the  army,  he  was  appointed  by  the 
Gen.  Ass.  of  May,  1865,  without  his  knowledge,  to  go  to 
Egypt  and  take  charge  of  the  mission  press  lately  given  by 
the  Mahah  Rajah  Duleep  Singh.  He  accepted,  and  after 
making  some  necessary  arrangements  sailed  in  Feb.  1866, 
with  his  wife  and  daughter  Isabella,  then  four  years  old,  and 
now  a  missionary  at  Mansura,  Egypt.  In  addition  to  direct 
missionary  work  he  had  charge  of  the  press  three  years  in 
Cairo  and  six  in  Alexandria,  and  was  one  year  connected  with 
the  Training  College  in  Asyoot.  In  187 1  he  was  licensed  by 
the  Pres.  of  Egypt,  without  any  intention  of  receiving  sub- 
sequent ordination,  but  simply  to  keep  clear  of  that  unauthor- 
ized and  irresponsible  "lay  preaching,"  which  was  begin- 
ning to  be  popular  in  many  places.  He  was,  however,  or- 
dained Ap.  16,  '76,  by  the  Pres.  of  Egypt.  Pie  never  at- 
tended a  theological  seminarv,  but  regards  his  old  farmer 
father  as  his  theological  instructor,  a  man  who  was  more 
thoroughly  read  in  Puritan  and  Scottish  theological  literature 
than  the  majority  of  the  ministers  of  our  day. 

During  a  part  of  his  residence  in  Egypt  the  U.  S.  was  re- 


THE    MINISTRY.  603 

presented,  or  rather  misrepresented,  by  George  H.  Butler,  as 
Consul  General.  His  course  of  life  was  offensive  to  good 
morals  and  American  pride,  and  after  the  mission  had  remon- 
strated in  vain  with  the  State  Department  at  Washington, 
Mr.  Strang  exposed  his  corruptions  and  misdemeanors  through 
the  press  of  the  United  States  and  Constantinople.  For  this 
an  employe  of  the  consulate  assaulted  him  at  the  railroad 
station  in  Alexandria,  but  he  learned  from  painful  experience 
that  all  ministers  are  not  non-resistant.  After  a  year  of  pain- 
ful suffering  from  ophthalmia  Mr.  Strang  was  compelled  in 
1876  to  return  to  the  U.  S.,  and  since  Ap.,  '78,  has  had  the 
pastoral  care  of  Hopewell  congregation,  in  Lincoln,  Tenn., 
hoping  still  that  his  eyes  may  some  day  allow  his  return  to 
Egypt. 

STRANG,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1792  in  Buchlyvie,  near  Sterling,  in  Scotland; 
was  educated  and  licensed  under  the  auspices  of  the  United 
Secession  Synod;  came  to  the  U.  S.  and  was  received  in 
Aug.,  1832,  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Albany,  was  was  ordained 
in  July,  '33,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Dumfries  Gait, 
Ontario,  Canada,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Oct.  22, 
1857,  from  general  debitity. 

STRAUS,  Juuus: 

Was  received  Ap.  4,  1866,  by  the  First  Pres.  of  Ohio  from 
the  O.   S.   Presbyterian  Ch. ;  supplied  for  three  years  in  or 
about  Cincinnati,   and  two  at   Barlow,  O. ;  returned  to  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  Batavia,  O. 
STRONG,  Charles,  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  a  native  of  South  Carolina;  was  graduated  in  1808  at 
South  Carolina  College,  and  studied  theology  for  four  3-ears 
in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  July  13,  1815, 
by  the  First  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas,  and  ordained  Nov.  8,  '16,' 
by  the  same;  was  pastor  at  Cannon's  Creek,  King's  Creek 
and  Prosperity,  in  Newberry  Co.,  S.  C,  from  his  ordination 
until  his  death,  July  20,  1824.  A  man  of  zeal  and  ability, 
and  gave  good  promise  of  great  usefulness  had  his  life  been 
spared.  His  wife,  Nancy  Harris,  was  the  grandaughter  of 
Hugh  Harris  and  Ellen  Reynolds,  whom  Dr.   Thomas  Clark 


6o4  THE    MINISTRY. 

married  while  he  was  in  jail  in  Monaghan,    Ireland.     (See 
Thomas  Clark.) 

STRONG,  Charles  Henry: 

Was  born  Dec.  20,  1848,  at  Ellettsville,  Monroe  Co.,  Ind. ; 
was  graduated  at  the  Indiana  State  University  in  1872,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1875,  by 
Princeton  Pres. ,  and  ordained  Ap.  5,  '76,  by  Garnett;  pastor 
of  Garnett,  Kan.,  since  Ap.  5,  1876.  Publications:  The 
Progress  of  our  Country,  an  Address,  1877;  The  Responsibili- 
ties Resting  Upon  Our  Common  School  Teachers,  an  Ad- 
dress; The  Waldensian  Church,  an  Address,  1880. 

STRONG,  Thomas  M.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1797,  at  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. ;  his  father  was  a 
lawyer  and  moved  to  New  York  city  in  1800;  he  was  gradu- 
ated at  Columbia  College  in  1816,  and  studied  two  years  in 
New  York  under  Dr.  Mason  and  one  year  in  Princeton;  was 
licensed  in  18 19  in  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  supplied  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  and  was  ordained  in  Oct.,  1821,  by  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Pres.  of  Big  Spring;  was  pastor  of  Shippensburg  and 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1821-Aug.,  '22;  joined  the  Ref. 
Dutch  Ch.,  and  was  pastor  at  Flat  Bush,  Long  Island,  N. 
Y.,  Oct.,  1822,  until  his  death,  June  14,  1861.  He  was 
Stated  Clerk  of  the  General  Synod  of  the  Dutch  Ch.,  1828- 
'61.  He  possessed  great  symmetry  of  mind  and  of  character; 
was  very  studious  and  wonderfully  methodic.  He  wrote  two 
sermons  every  week  without  any  special  regard  to  their  use, 
so  that  ten  years  before  his  death  he  had  more  than  three 
hundred  sermons  in  advance,  awaiting  delivery. 

STRUTHERS,  Allan  B.  : 

Was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1864,  and  studied  theology 
at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Mar.,  1866,  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  8,  '68,  by  Conemaugh;  pastor  of 
Biookville,  Jefferson,  and  Beaver  Run,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa., 
Sept.,  1868-Dec.,  12,  '71;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
is  now  at  Piqua,  O. 
STURGEON,  Hugh  (A.): 

Was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1846,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  June   18,    1850,    by    Chartiers 


THE   MINISTRY.  605 

Pres.,  and  ordained  May  6,  '52,  by  Richland;  was  pastor  at 
Wooster,  O.,  May,  1852-Ap.  '56;  Kingston,  Linn  Co.,  la., 
summer  1856-Ap.,  '59;  installed  over  Darlington  and  Pales- 
tine, by  Allegheny  Pres.,  June,  1862;  dropped  the  latter  in  a 
few  years,  and  still  retains  the  former. 
STURGEON,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

When  perhaps  fifty  years  old  was  received  Aug.  27,  1833, 
from  the  Newton  Pres.,  N,  J.,  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  by  the 
Pres.  of  Monongahela;  was  pastor  at  Sidney,  O.,  Nov.,  1837- 
May,  '40;  for  several  years  did  missionary  work  in  Illinois 
and  Iowa,  and  finally  located  at  Dutch  Creek,  Washington 
Co.,  la.,  and  died  Ap.  11,  1854,  at  Birmingham,  while  re- 
turning home  from  a  meeting  of  Presbytery  at  Keokuk. 
SWAN,  Peter: 

Was  born  Feb.  21,  1851,  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1878,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1881,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  24,  '82,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  at  Burlington,  Des 
Moines  Co.,  la.,  since  ordination. 

SWANKY,  James  Wallace*: 

Was  born  Jan.  26,  1847,  "^^^  Hookstown,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1872,  by  Frankfort  Pres., 
and  ordained,  sine  titido^  J^^ly  9)  '74)  by  Conemaugh;  was  S. 
S.  at  Johnstown,  Pa.,  Ap, ,  1873-Sept.,  '76;  pastor  at  Oil 
City,  Pa.,  Ap.  30,  1877-Oct.  4,  '82.  Died  Jan.  2,  1883,  of 
spinal  meningitis. 

TAGGART,  Alexander  Patterson*: 

Was  born  in  1850  in  Beaver  Co,,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  June  11,  1872,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Ap.  28,  '74,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  for  a  few  months  at  W. 
Beaver,  and  died  near  Chase  City,  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  Va., 
Feb.  12,  1875. 

TAGGART,  James  Clark: 

Was  born  July  31,  1840,  near  E.  Palestine,  Columbiana 
Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  16,  1868,  by  Alle- 


6o6  THE    MINISTRY. 

gheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  30,  '69,  by  Steuben ville; 
pastor  at  E.  Liverpool,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  since  ordination; 
served  three  years  in  the  army  during  the  civil  war. 

TAGGART,  Robert  Brewster: 

Was  born  Sept.  16,  1842,  in  E.  Palestine,  Columbiana  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1865,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia  and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1868,  by 
First  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  2,  '69,  by  Dela- 
ware; pastor  at  N.  Kortright,  N.  Y.,  Sept.,  1869-Ap.  29,  '73; 
Second  Ch.,  Washington,  la.,  June  9,  1874-Ap.  13,  '76;  Mt. 
Pleasant,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  4,  1877-June  13,  '83; 
Prof,  in  Westminster  College  i885-'6.  Publications:  A 
number  of  articles  in  the  Evangelical  Repository. 

TAGGART,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1750,  in  Londonderry,  New  Hampshire; 
was  graduated  at  Dartmouth  in  1774,  and  ordained  in  1781 
by  one  of  the  independent  Presbyteries  of  New  England; 
joined  the  Third  Asso.  Ref.  Presbytery  Feb.  13,  1783;  was 
pastor  in  Coleraine,  Franklin  Co.,  Mass.,  from  his  ordination 
until  his  death,  which  took  place  Ap.  25,  182 1.  Passed  out 
of  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.,  with  the  Pres,  of  Londonderry.  In 
1803  he  was  elected  to  Congress  and  served  {or  fourteen  years; 
during  all  this  time  his  pastoral  relation  with  his  congrega- 
tion was  not  disturbed. 

TAGGART,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  26,  1803,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1831,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  i,  1834,  by  Monon- 
gahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '35,  by  the  same;  was  in- 
stalled at  ordination  over  W.  Middletown,  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  and  Mt.  Vernon;  resigned  the  latter  in  1845  ^^^  ^^ 
former  in  Ap.,  1855;  went  west  and  received  a  call  from  Har- 
mony, 111. ;  was  afflicted  with  the  ague,  and  returned  next 
year  to  Penn.,  and  in  Sept.,  1856,  was  recalled  by  his  old 
congregation  at  W.  Middletown,  where  he  remained  until 
Sep.  1884;  died  Oct.  21,  1885. 

TAGGART,  Samuel  Alexander: 

vSon  of  Rev.  Samuel;  was  born  Oct.  2,  1844,  at  W.  Middle- 


THE   MINISTRY.  607 

town,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1865,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap,,  1867,  by  Sidney 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  12,  '68,  by  Indiana;  pastor  at  Spring 
Hill,  Ind.,  May  1868-Nov.  '68;  pastor  at  Turtle  Creek,  Pa., 
Dec.  20,  1870-Ap.  II,  '71;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in 
1871,  and  has  been,  since  1871,  State  Secretary  of  the  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  of  Pennsylvania. 

TAGGART,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1783;  spent  the  last  three  years  of  his  classical 
and  literary  education,  in  connection  with  Dr.  S.  Findley, 
with  the  Rev.  Alex.  Calderhead  at  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  studied 
theology  four  years  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was 
licensed  Sept.  2,  1813,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Nov.  9,  '14,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at  ordination  over 
Cadiz  and  Upper  Wheeling,  Harrison  and  Belmont  counties 
O. ;  he  resigned  the  former  June  20,  '38,  and  retained  the  lat- 
ter until  '55,  and  died  Sept.,  11,  1865,  at  Uniontowu,  O., 
from  the  decay  of  age. 

TARR,  Casper  W.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  18,  1856,  at  Holliday's  Cove,  Hancock  Co., 
W.  Va. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1878,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.   2,    1881,  by  Frankfort 
Presbytery,  and  ordained  Sept.  25,  '82,  by  Neosho. 
TATE,  John  Torrence  (A.): 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1820,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  18,  1850,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept., 
15,  '53,  by  Iowa;  pastor  of  Pleasant  Valley,  Keokuk  Co.,  la., 
1 854-' 70;  recalled  and  pastor  of  the  same  since  July  6,  '75,, 
and  Westminster  from  '78-' 87. 
TAYLOR,  James  Walker: 

Was  born  Sept.  8,  1828,  in  New  Athens,  O.,  but  brought 
up  in  Iberia,  Morrow  Co. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in. 
1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,, 
1862,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '65,  by  Sid- 
ney; pastor  of  Darby  and  Sugar  Run,  June,  1865-Dec.  '67; 
North  wood,  O.,  Feb.  i868-Ap.,  '71;  Londonderry  and  Tippe- 
canoe, Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  since  Aug.  17,  1876. 


6o8  THE   MINISTRY, 

TAYLOR,  John: 

Was  born  in  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at  Mon- 
mouth and  Newburgh;  was  licensed  July  2,  1867,  by  Dela- 
ware Pres.,  and  ordained  June  12,  '72,  by  Minnesota;  pastor 
of  Argyle,  Redwood  Co.,  Minn.,  July  20,  1872-Oct.  15,  '73; 
S.  S.  and  pastor  of  Cottonwood  Falls,  Chase  Co.,  Kan.,  1876- 
Mar.  21,  '83;  Victoria  la.,  S.  S.  1884. 

TAYLOR,  John: 

Was  born  July  25,  1844,  at  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Muskingum  in  1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Sept.  6,  1875,  by  West  Missouri  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  9,  '76,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Bethel,  Mo.,  Aug.  3, 
1876-July  16,  '78;  S.  S.  at  Warrensburg,  Mo.,  i88c>-'3. 

TAYLOR,  John  Erwin: 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Frank- 
lin in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  14,  1857,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  24, 
'59,  by  Saratoga;  pastor  at  Cabin  Hill,  Delaware  Co.,  N,  Y., 
Aug.,  1 859-' 66;  became  disabled  and  had  to  give  up  the 
active  duties  of  the  ministry;  joined  the  Congregational  Ch. 
and  is  engaged  in  gold  mining  in  Colorado. 

TAYLOR,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  most  probably  an  Irishman  by  birth  and  education; 
about  1823  he  became  S.  S.  to  the  Presbyterian  congregation 
in  Madrid,  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  Sept.  2,  1826,  he 
and  the  congregation  joined  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Washing- 
ton; became  pastor  of  the  Madrid  church  in  1827,  ^"^  ^^- 
signed  Sept.  2,  ^2i7i  because  of  the  infirmities  of  age,  and  soon 
afterward  died. 

TAYLOR,  William  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1809  near  Cadiz,  O. ;  was  academically  edu- 
cated, and  studied  theology-  with  the  Rev.  Alex.  McCoy;  was 
licensed  May  13,  1829,  by  the  Ref  Dissenting  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  19,  '31,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  the  Dissenting 
congregations  of  Cherry  Fork,  Eagle  Creek,  Scioto,  Brush 
Creek  and  Xenia,  in  Ohio,  Ap.,  1831-May,  '38.  On  the 
28th  of  May,  1838,  he  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Chilli- 


THE   MINISTRY.  609 

cotlie,  and  as  his  health  was  beginniti^^  to  fail  he  took  no 
charge,  but  taught  a  classical  school  in  Ripley,  O.,  as  long  as 
able.     He  died  May  i,  1842,  from  consumption. 

TEAS,  John: 

Was  born  Oct,  28,  1848;  was  graduated  at  the  College  of 
the  City  of  New  York,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh; 
was  licensed  May  5,  1871,  by  the  Second  Pres.  of  New  York, 
and  ordained  May  7,  '72,  by  First  New  York;  pastor  in  Pat- 
erson,  N.  J.,  May,  1872-Ap.,  ''^']\  Tenth  Ch.,  Philadelphia, 
since  Jan.  14,  1878. 

TEDFORD,  James  Harvey: 

Was  born  Mar.  4,  1832,  at  Portland  Mills,  Ind. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  South  Hanover  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  8,  1859,  by  Michigan  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  i,  '62,  by  Mercer;  pastor  at  Greenville,  Mercer 
Co.,  Pa.,  Ap.,  1862-May  2,  '65;  Bethsaida,  Tipton  Co.,  Ind., 
June,  1866-Sept.  25,  '77;  Mt.  Ayr,  la.,  June  10,  1879-85; 
is  now  editor  at  Mt.  Ayr. 
TEDFORD,  James  Pringi^e*: 

Was  born  Mar.  13,  1853,  i^  Louisa  Co.,  la.;  was  educated 
at  Monmouth,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Ap.  6,  1881,  by  the  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  31,  '81, 
by  Chillicothe;  pastor  of  Greenfield  and  Fall  Creek,  O.,  from 
ordination  until  his  death,  Feb.  10,  1885,  from  consumption. 

TELFAIR,  David  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  and  educated  in  Scotland,  and  ordained  in  1746 
in  the  Associate  Ch.,  and  when  the  Synod  divided  in  1747  he 
adhered  to  the  Burgher  wing,  and  became  pastor  at  the 
Bridge  of  Tieth.  On  the  12th  of  Nov.,  1765,  the  Burgher 
Synod  appointed  him  and  Samuel  Kinloch,  a  licentiate,  to  go 
to  America,  and  "remain  until  Ap.,  1767,  unless  it  should 
see  fit  to  recall  or  extend  their  appointments.  They  were  to 
preach  not  only  in  Philadelphia  and  New  Cambridge,  N.  Y. 
(the  places  whence  petitions  had  come  to  Synod  for  preachers), 
but  in  any  other  places  where  they  might  find  an  opening." 
They  landed  in  the  early  summer  of  1766,  and  Mr.  Telfair 
spent  most  of  his  time  with  the  Burgher  congregation  in 
Shippen  St.,   Philadelphia.     When  Ap.,  1767,  came,  Telfair 


6lO  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  Kinloch  concluded  to  remain  permanently  in  this  coun- 
try, and  on  the  9th  of  June,  '67,  they  joined  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Pennsylvania  (Anti-burgher).  They  both  changed  their 
minds,  and  in  1769  Mr.  Kinloch  returned  to  Scotland,  and 
soon  became  pastor  of  the  Burgher  Ch.  in  Paisley,  and  so  re- 
mained until  his  death.  In  1768  Mr.  Telfair  returned  to 
Scotland,  resumed  his  charge  at  the  Bridge  of  Tieth,  and  re- 
mained until  '71,  when  he  came  back  to  America,  remained 
as  an  independent  Burgher  minister  until  Aug.  12,  '80,  when 
he  joined  the  Ref.  (Covenanter)  Pres.,  and  with  that  Presby- 
tery came  into  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  at  the  union  of  1782.  He 
served  his  old  church  in  Shippen  St.,  from  his  return  in  '71 
until  '88,  when  he  resigned  because  of  his  age,  and  died  in 
Philadelphia  in  1789,  and  was  buried  in  the  old  burying 
ground  on  Shippen  St.,  near  Fourth. 

TELFORD,  John  Cree(A.): 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  John  Cree;  was  born  Aug.  22,  182 1, 
near  East  Greenwich,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1844,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  20,  1848,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan. 
I,  '50,  by  Clarion;  pastor  of  Mahoning  and  connections  Jan., 
1850-Ap.,  '67;  W.  Union  and  Olivet,  in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa., 
since  May,  1867,  resigning  Olivet  Ap.  15,  1879.     . 

TELFORD,  Morrison  Samuel: 

Brother  of  John  C. ;  was  born  July  3,  1834,  in  Hebron, 
Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1861,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  li- 
censed in  Ap.,  1863,  by  Conemaugh  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
16,  '64,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Jacksonville  and  Crete,  June, 
1864-Ap.,  18,  '72;  Beaver  Run,  Beechwoods  and  Cherry 
Run,  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  6,  1873-Ap.  12,  '82;  Hanover, 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  June  13,  1882- 

TEMPLETON,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1805  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  and  went  in  early 
life  to  Canonsburg;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1824,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  8,  1829, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  26,  '30,  by  Miami;  pas- 
tor at  Sugar  Creek,  O.,  July,  1830-July,  '38;  Granville,  Put- 


THE   MINISTRY.  6x1 

nam  Co.,  111.,  Nov.,  1839,  until  his  death,  Dec.  3,  1843,  ^^^^ 
inflammation  of  the  lungs. 
THOMAS,  Andrew  (A.): 

Was  received  in  the  spring  of  1854  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of 
New  York;  pastor  of  Williamsburg,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  May 
18,  1854-Dec.,  '55;  Providence,  R.  I.,  Dec.  20,  i855-'57; 
Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  May,  1858-July  14,  '63;  W.  Delhi,  Dela- 
ware Co.,  N.  Y.,  1 863-' 67;  and  soon  after  left  the  church. 

THOMAS,  Elam  Z.  : 

Was  born  May  23,  1841,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1872,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Dec.  16,  '73,  by  Westmoreland;  pastor  of  Unity, 
Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordination.  Served  for  one 
year  in  the  ranks  during  the  civil  war. 

THOME,  James  Lane: 

Was  born  Jan.  13,  1848,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  in  Xenia 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  27,  1875,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  4,  ^y/^  by  Keokuk;  pastor  at  Winfield, 
Henry  Co.,  la.,  since  ordination. 

THOMPSON,  Charles*: 

Was  born  Nov.  26,  1831,  in  Salem,  N.  Y. ;  was  educated  at 
Monmouth  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed 
Ap.,  1862,  by  Chicago  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  17,  '63,  by 
Monmouth;  pastor  of  Oquawka  and  Olena,  111.,  from  his  or- 
dination until  his  death,  Jan.  2,  1866. 
THOMPSON,  David  (A.): 

Was  born  in  July,  1806,  at  Coothill,  county  Cavan,  Ire- 
land; was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1829,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Mar.  18,  1834,  by  Chartiers 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.,  12,  '38,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Mt. 
Hope  and  Cross  Creek,  Sept.,  1838-June  15,  '47;  Clear  Fork, 
Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  June,  i86i-May,  '74.  Most  of  the  time 
between  these  pastorates  was  spent  in  missionary  work  in  the 
Territories  of  Oregon  and  Washington.  Is  retired  and  in- 
firm at  Monmouth,  111.  Publications:  Songs  to  be  Sung  in 
the  Worship  of  God,  pp.  21,  1848;  How  to  Make  a  Will,  pp. 


6l2  THE   MINISTRY. 

lOo;  a  large  number  of  elaborate  and  exhaustive  papers  in 
the  Repository ^  among  which  are  Common  Benefits,  Whether 
Purchased  by  Christ;  The  Use  of  Instrumental  Music  in 
Divine  Worship;  Popish  Baptism  not  Valid. 

THOMPSON,  Horatio,  D.  D.,  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Ap.  i,  1799,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1823,  and  studied  theology  in  Philadelphia  under 
Dr.  Banks;  was  licensed  July  10,  1828,  by  Cambridge  Pres., 
and  ordained  in  Mar.,  '34,  by  the  Carolinas,  as  pastor  of  Ebe- 
nezer.  Timber  Ridge  and  Broad  Creek,  Va.  The  Associate 
Pres.,  of  the  Carolinas  declined  the  authority  of  the  Asso. 
Synod  in  1839  and  remained  independent  until  Ap.  15,  1844, 
when  it  was  united  with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South. 
It  contained  at  that  time  only  Dr.  Thompson  and  John  Pat- 
rick. About  this  time  Dr.  Thompson's  charge  was  rear- 
ranged so  that  it  was  composed  of  Timber  Ridge  and  Old 
Providence,  and  so  remained  until  his  death.  May  3,  1882. 
THOMPSON,  Hugh  Hogue,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Oct.  13,  1819,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  educated 
at  Franklin  and  Madison  Colleges,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  23,  1845,  t)y  Second  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  9,  '47,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Cochranton, 
Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1847-Feb.  7,  '65;  in  connection  with 
Sandy  Creek,  Sept.,  1847-May,  '55,  and  Meadville,  May, 
1855-May,  '60;  Urbana,  O.,  June,  13,  1865-Ap.  2,  '78.  Pub- 
lication: The  History  of  Sidney  Pres.,  pp.  88,  1879. 

THOMPSON,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  June  20,  1821,  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  June  13,  1849,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  July  13,  '52,  by  Cambridge;  pastor  of  S.  Argyle,  N. 
Y.,  July,  1852-Mar.,  '53.  On  Mar.  29,  1853,  ^^  "^^^  trans- 
ferred to  a  new  congregation  on  W.  25th  St.,  New  York, 
where  he  remained  until  his  death,  which  occurred  suddenly 
from  apoplexy  Ap.  28,  1871. 

THOMPSON,  James  Lorimer: 

Was  born  July  26,  1851,  near  Smithfield,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Alle- 


THE    MINISTRY.  613 

gheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1877,  by  Stenbenville  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June   11,    '78,   by   Boston;  pastor  of  Whitinsville, 
Mass.,  from  ordination  until  Ap.  12,  '82;  S.  S.  Alpina,  Mich., 
i884-'6;  Lyndon,  N.  Y.,  July,  '87. 
THOMPSON,  John,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  received  in  1851  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  New  York  from 
the  Free  Ch.  of  Scotland,  and  installed  pastor  of  the  First 
Ch.,  in  Grand  St.,  New  York;  in  June,  1853,  he  and  the  con- 
gregation passed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  He  subsequently 
returned  to  Scotland,  and  joined  the  Kirk. 

THOMPSON,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1812  in  Carroll  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  educated  at 
Academy,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Aug.  2,  1838,  by  the  Pres.  of  Indiana,  and  ordained  in  '40, 
by  Illinois;  pastor  at  Hopewell,  Perry  Co.,  111.,  i84o-'46;  of 
Camden  and  Burnett's  Creek,  Ind.,  from  1847  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  at  his  home  in  White  Co.,  Dec.  7,  1852,  from 
typhoid  fever.  The  writing  of  the  "Hoosier's  Nest"  has  fre- 
quently been  credited  to  him.  This  is  a  mistake,  for  that 
poem  was  written  by  John  Findley,  of  Richmond,  Ind.,  for 
the  Indiaiiapolis  Journal^  where  it  was  published  in  Jan., 
1830.  Mr.  Thompson  had  his  peculiar  characteristics,  which 
every  one  could  see,  but  back  of  these  lay  a  wonderful  amount 
of  genuine  principle  and  tireless  industry. 

THOMPSON,  Joseph  Addison: 

Son  of  Samuel  F. ;  was  born  Feb.  8,  i860,  at  Ross'  Grove, 
De  Kalb  Co.,  111.;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1882,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1886,  by 
New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  7,  '87,  by  Garnett;  pastor 
of  Chetopa,  Labette  Co.,  Kan.,  from  ordination  until  July 
14,  '87;  President  of  Tarkio  College  since  July,  1887. 
THOMPSON,  Joseph  Russell  (A.)*: 

Brother  of  the  Rev.  James;  was  born  Sept.  15,  1823,  in 
Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1848,  and 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Oct.  28,  1851, 
by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  28,  '53,  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  from  ordi- 
nation until   his  death,   Dec.    16,   1861.     There  was  a  third 


6l4  THE   MINISTRY. 

brother,  Alexander  Wilson  Thompson,  born  Dec.  26,  1816, 
who  died  as  a  licentiate  Nov.  12,  '54,  on  the  eve  of  his 
settlement  as  the  snccessor  of  his  brother  at  S.  Argyle,  N.  Y. 
These  three  brothers  were  men  of  excellent  mind  and  ster- 
ling character,  and  left  pleasant  memories. 
THOMPSON,  JosiAH  (A.): 

Was  born  near  Canonsburg;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1845,  and  studied  theology  at  the  Western  Theo.  Sem.,  Alle- 
gheny (Presbyterian);  was  licensed  Oct.  21,  1856,  by  Char- 
tiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  14,  '58,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Clinton,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.,  1858-Ap.  25,  '66;  of  Cen- 
treview,  West  Mo.,  1868-Aug.  29,  '73;  Four  Mile,  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  19,  1875-Feb.  4,  '78;  returned  to  his  farm  near 
Centreview,  Mo.,  and  in  Ap.  1880,  joined  the  Presbyterian 
Ch. ,  and  is  without  charge. 

THOMPSON,  Robert  Graham  (A.  R.) 

Was  born  May  31,  1816,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Madison  College,  Antrim,  O.,  in  1839,  and  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1843,  ^y  Second  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  14,  '45,  by  Mansfield;  was  installed 
at  ordination  over  Auburn,  in  Richland  Co.,  DeKalb,  in 
Crawford  Co. ,  and  Eden,  near  Tiffin,  in  Seneca  Co. ,  O. ; 
exchanged  Eden  for  Upper  Sandusky  in  '56;  resigned  Au- 
burn in  '58,  and  the  others  in  '60;  was  Principal  of  De- 
Kalb Academy  1857-Ap.,  '63;  was  chaplain  of  64th  Ohio 
Regiment  in  the  civil  war  July  i,  1863,  till  mustered  out 
Jan.  5,  '66;  organized  and  supplied  Kingsville  and  Holden, 
in  West  Mo.,  in  1866;  gave  up  the  former  in  '69  and  the  lat- 
ter in  '74;  still  preaches  as  his  health  allows. 

THOMPSON,  Rankin  J.: 

Son  of  Rev.  David;  was  born  in  1844  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  18,  187 1, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  14,  '74,  by  Garnett; 
was  pastor  of  Halsey  and  Calipooia,  in  Oregon,  for  a  short 
time;  supplied  Arkansas  City  and  El  Paso,  in  Kan.,  and  after 
being  infirm  several  years,  pastor  of  Sterling,  Kan.,  Nov.  i, 
1882-Sept.  9,  '85. 


THE    MINISTRY.  615 

THOMPSON,  Samuel  Findley  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  May  17,  1828,  near  Fairview,  Guernsey  Co.,  O., 
and  brought  up  near  Auburn,  Crawford  Co. ;  was  graduated 
at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Oxford;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1852,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Aug.  7,  '55,  by  Boston;  pastor  at  Lawrence,  Mass., 
Aug.,  1855-July  10,  '57;  pastor  of  Ross  Grove,  DeKalb  Co., 
111.,  May  4,  1858-Ap.  3,  '62;  resigned  because  of  asthma, 
and  tried  rest  and  farming  for  two  or  three  years;  was  S.  S. 
at  Camp  Creek,  Chicago  Pres.,  i864-'68;  was  sent  as  a  mis- 
sionary to  Tenn.,  and  commenced  labor  July,  1868,  at  Dick- 
son and  Nails  Creek;  congregations  have  been  organized  in 
both  places,  and  he  serves  them  still. 

THOMPSON,  William  Rowland: 

Was  born  in  Ohio,  educated  at  Hopedale  College,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  8,  1886,  by  Wheel- 
ing Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  20,  '87,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
High  Ridge,  O.,  and  Buchanan  Hill,  W.  Va.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 

THORN,  Daniel  McLean: 

Was  born  June  15,  1838,  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was  grad- 
uated at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  in  Aug.  of  1866  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  14,  '68,  byConemaugh;  pastor  of  Mahoning,  Armstrong 
Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  i868-'7o;  Biggsville,  111.,  Aug.  28,  1871- 
Aug.,  '72;  Emsworth,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  8,  1873- 
May  2,  '76;  Buena  Vista,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  16, 
i879-'87;  pastor  Madison  and  Sewickly,  Pa.,  since  Sept.  6, 
1887. 

THYNE,  Joseph: 

Was  born  Nov.  20,  1830,  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
June  26,  i860,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  22,  '61,  by 
Delaware;  pastor  at  Springfield,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug., 
i86i-'66;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  served  a  congre- 
gation in  N.  J.,  i866-'9;  since  which  time  he  has  been  a 
teacher  in  Fulton  Co. ,  N.  Y. 


6l6  THE   MINISTRY. 

TIDE  ALL,  Milford: 

Was  born  Dec.  i6,  1852,  near  Chili,  Coshocton  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1876,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1879,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  9,  '81,  by  Wabash;  pastor  at  Idaville,  White  Co., 
Ind.,  Ap.  9,  i88i-Ap.  12,  '84;  Columbus  City,  la.,  May  23, 
1884. 
TIMMONS,  Joseph  Hamilton: 

Was  born  Jan.  25,  1830,  in  Brook  Co.,  W.  Va, ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1859,  by  Wheeling  Presbytery, 
and  ordained  June  13,  '60,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  at  Taren- 
tum,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  June  13,  i860-' 84;  Chartiers  Cross 
Roads,  Sept.  5,  1884. 

TODD,  Daniel: 

Was  born  at  Old  Monkland,  near  Glasgow,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Glasgow  University  and  studied  theology  in  the 
United  Presbyterian  Divinity  Hall,  Edinburgh:  was  licensed 
in  Jan.,  1856,  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Presbytery  of 
Glasgow;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  i860,  and  was  ordained  May 
14,  '62,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Chemung,  111.,  i862-'4;  S.  S. 
at  Highland,  la.,  i868-'79. 

TODD,  Hugh  Wallace  (A.): 

Was  received  in  1856  by  the  Asso.  Pres.,  of  New  York  as 
a  licentiate  from  the  Congregational  Ch.  of  Scotland,  and 
was  ordained  in  the  spring  of  '57  by  New  York  Pres. ;  pastor 
at  Paterson,  N.  J.,  spring  1857-July  27,  '69;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  is  at  Vandalia,  111. 
TODD,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Jan.  25,  1806,  near  New  Sheffield,  in  Beaver  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1837,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  July  6,  1841,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  6,  '43,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  from  ordina- 
tion at  Jefferson,  Beaver  Run  and  Upper  Piney,  in  Jefferson 
and  Clarion  counties,  Pa. ;  resigned  Jefferson  in  1858  to  take 
charge  of  the  Brookville  Academy;  resigned  Academy  and 
the  two  congregations  in  June,  1865;  traveled  for  health's 
sake  for  tour  years;  pastor  of  Springfield,  Randolph  Co.,  111., 


THE    MINISTRY.  617 

May  1870-Ap.  '72,  and  afterwards  retired  to  Burgettstown, 
Pa.,  and  from  active  labors,  where  he  died  Sept.  30,  1881. 

TOMB,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Son  of  David  Tomb,  one  of  the  ruling  elders  who  came 
with  Dr.  Clark  from  Ireland;  was  born  Jan.  i,  1766,  at  Wall- 
kill,  N.  Y. ;  was  educated  at  Columbia  College,  and  studied 
theology  with  James  Proudfit  and  the  elder  Dr.  Mason;  was 
licensed  May  27,  1789,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  by 
the  "Presbytery  at  Eastward"  in  1792  or  1793,  and  the  coa- 
lescence of  that  Presbytery  with  the  Pres.  of  L/ondonderry 
returned  him  to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  for  a  short  time;  pastor  at 
New  Market,  N.  H.,  Oct.,  1794-7;  Newbury,  Mass.,  Nov., 
1797-1805;  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  Salem,  N.  Y.,  from  Feb. 
19,  1806,  until  his  death.  Mar.  28,  1832.  A  man  of  very 
much  more  than  average  ability. 
TOMPKINS,  G.  T.: 

Was  licensed  in  1870  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  14,  '71,  by  the  same;  supplied  Grandview,  la.,  and  then 
left  the  church. 

TOPPING,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1802  at  Fairview,  county  Armagh,  Ireland; 
united  with  the  Asso.  Ch.  near  Castleblaney  in  1819;  received 
a  good  classical  and  academic  education,  and  came  to  Amer- 
ica in  1834;  taught  school  for  a  year,  and  then  studied  theol- 
ogy at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  in  May,  1839,  by  the  Pres. 
of  New  York,  and  ordained  in  Feb.,  '40,  by  Saratoga;  pastor 
a;t  Burlington  Green,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.,  1840-June  19, 
'44:  Seneca,  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov.,  1844,  until  his  death, 
Oct.  8,  1855,  from  typhoid  dysentery.  He  was  peculiarly  and 
tenderly  devoted  to  his  work.  To  his  watchers  he  said:  "  It 
is  no  difference  to  me  which  way  the  balance  turns."  Again: 
"I  will  soon  drink  the  wine  new  in  my  Father's  kingdom." 
When  too  feeble  to  speak  above  a  whisper  he  suddenly  turned 
his  eyes  upward  and  fastened  them  there,  and,  clapping  his 
hands,  he  cried  out:  "Up!  up!  up!"  He  then  folded  his 
hands,  and  without  a  struggle,  calmly  died. 

TORRENCE,  George  Watt: 

Was  born  Jan.   15,   1829,  ^^  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
39 


6l8  THE    MINISTRY. 

Franklin  in  1853,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
in  Aug.,  1857,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  16,  '59,  by 
Kansas;  pastor  at  Americus,  Kan.,  June,  1859-Ap.,  '60;  was 
S.  S.  for  some  time  at  Martinsburg,  O. ;  missionary  to  the 
freedmen  i863-'4;  a  soldier  in  the  civil  war  i864-'5;  pastor 
at  Andrew  and  Bethel,  in  Iowa,  1866-Oct.  22,  '73;  Center- 
view,  Mo.,  Oct.  II,  1874-Aug.  22,  '76;  East  Union,  O., 
June  II,  1879-Aug.  31,  '80;  S.  S.  and  pastor  North  Branch 
and  Patterson,  la.,  1882- 
^ORRENCE,  Hugh  Wallace: 

Was  born  Feb.  28,  1842,  in  New  Brighton,  Beaver  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Princeton;  was  licensed  Mar.  29,  1865,  by  First  New 
York  Pres.,  and  ordained  July  30,  '67,  by  Philadelphia;  was 
pastor  of  Sixth  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  July,  1867-Oct.  17,  '70; 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor  at  Charleston,  W. 
Va. 

TORRENCE,  James  Templeton: 

Brother  of  George  W. ;  was  born  Mar.  20,  1832,  at  Xenia, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853,  ^^^  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  9,  1857,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  13,  '59,  by  Cleveland;  pastor  of  Stow  and 
Springfield,  Summit  Co.,  O. ,  Sept.,  1859-May  14,  '61;  Fair- 
fax, la..  May  20,  1865-Feb.  2,  '69;  of  Sugar  Branch,  Rankin, 
111.,  Sep.  13,  1875-Ap.  12,  '83. 

TOWNLEY,  William*: 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1806,  in  Springfield,  N.  J. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Princeton  in  1830,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton; 
was  licensed  in  1833,  and  ordained  in  '34,  by  the  Presbyterian 
Pres.  of  Elizabeth  town;  was  settled  as  pastor  successively  at 
Centerville,  N.  J.,  in  1835;  Fish  Pond,  N.  Y.,  in  '38;  Simp- 
son's Prairie,  Ind.,  in  '44;  at  Crown  Point,  in  Ind.,  '47; 
joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Monmouth  in  '60, 
and  for  ten  years  performed  very  efficient  missionary  work. 
Died  Jan.  15,  1872,  of  congestion  of  the  brain. 

TRIS,  Abraham  C.  (A.): 

Was  born  July  13,  1817,  at  Zierikee,  Netherlands;  was 
educated  at  the  grammar  school  of  Arnheim,   and  studied 


THE   MINISTRY.  619 

theology  under  the  auspices  of  the  Seceders  from  the  Holland 
Ref.  Ch. ;  was  licensed  Oct.  31,  1845,  by  the  Seceder  Classis 
of  Guelderland,  and  ordained  Dec,  19,  '45,  by  the  Seceder 
Classis  of  Zealand;  installed  at  ordination  as  pastor  at  Groede; 
called  in  1851  from  Holland  as  minister  of  the  Dutch  Re- 
formed Seceder  congregation  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  joined  the 
Asso.  Pres.  of  Albany  in  1854;  supplied  Lacona,  la.,  1856- 
'64;  missionary  to  the  Jews  in  New  York  and  Secretary  of  the 
American  Society  for  Promoting  Christianity  among  the 
Jews,  i864-'76;  now  residing  at  Howard,  Kan.  Publications: 
Netherland  as  it  is,  1848;  The  Return  of  Israel,  1856;  The 
Throne  of  Christ,  i860;  An  Appeal  in  Behalf  of  the  Jewish 
Mission,  1867;  An  Inviting  Call  to  the  Children  of  Israel,  a 
Jewish  tract  published  in  English,  Hebrew,  German  and 
Spanish,  1871-75;  edited  the  Star  of  BetJilchem^  a  monthly 
periodical,  i87i-'76;  The  Witnesses  and  Their  Testimony, 
a  pamphlet,  1878;  The  Antichrist  and  the  Signs  of  his  Com- 
ing, a  pamphlet,  1879;  ^^  Israel  a  Nation  or  a  Sect?  1879; 
The  Eastern  or  Turkish.  Question,  1880;  Satan,  1886. 

TRUESDALE,  John  Clark: 

Was  born  June  22,  1833,  at  Fredericksburg,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Franklin  in  1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1857,  ^Y  Richland  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  15,  1859,  ^Y  Conemaugh;  was  pastor  at  Brook- 
viile  and  Jefferson,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1859-Ap.,  '64; 
Paxton,  111.,  1866-Oct.,  '71;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
settled  at  Apple  Creek,  O. ;  returned  to  the  United  Presbyter- 
ian Ch.  in  1886;  pastor  at  Atlantic,  la.,  since  Aug.,  1887. 

TURNBULL,  James  H.  : 

Brother  of  Richard;  was  bom  July  i,  1842,  at  Hindley, 
Roxboroshire,  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869, 
and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1871, 
by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  19,  '72,  by  Cedar 
Rapids;  pastor  of  Tranquillity,  la.,  June,  1872-Oct.  6,  '75;  of 
Fall  River,  Mass.,  Sept.  5,  1876-Oct.  14,  '85;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch.  of  Canada. 
TURNBULL,  James  Scott: 

Was  born  Mar.  21,  1845,  ^"  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 


620  THE    MINISTRY. 

at  Westminster  in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  29,  1874,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  26, 
'76,  by  Neosho;  pastor  of  Ninniscah  and  Alta,  Sedgwick  Co., 
Kan.,  since  Aug.  22,  1877,  resigning  Alta  Jan.  i,  '87. 
TURNBULL,  Richard: 

Was  born  June  22,  1840,  in  Roxburghshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  4,  1866,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  Nov.  13,  ''6']^  by  Des  Moines;  pastor  in  Des 
Moines,  la.,  Nov.,  1867-Ap.  16,  '72;  Third  Ch.,  Xenia,  Ap. 
28,  1874-Sept.    17,  '78;  Detroit,  Mich.,  since  Nov.   21,  1878. 

TURNBUIvL,  Thomas  Beveridge: 

Was  born  in  Monmouth,  111.,  Ap.  27,  1847;  "^^^  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  29,  1872,  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  16,  '73,  by  Rock  Island;  pastor  of 
Aledo,  111.,  Ap.,  1873-Sept.  25,  '84;  Argyle,  N.  Y.,  since 
Dec.  31,  1884.  Publication:  A  Sermon  on  Praise,  pp.  30, 
1879. 
TURNER,  Hugh  Blair: 

Was  born  Dec.  13,  1847,  i^  Greene  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Jan.  26,  1875,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Feb.  27, 
'^lli  by  Wisconsin;  installed  June  14,  1877,  over  Caledonia 
and  Buffalo,  Marquette  Co.,  Wis.;  released  from  the  former 
Feb.  15,  '78,  and  the  latter  in  '80;  of  Dunbar,  Neb.,  June  28, 
i88i-Ap,  2,  '84;  Irwin,  la. 

TURNER,  James  Duff: 

Was  born  Feb.  26,  1834,  at  Wilkinsburgh,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1859,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  26,  i860,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  10,  '61,  by  First  Ohio;  pastor  in 
Cincinnati  Oct.,  i86i-Mar.,  '68;  Union  congregation,  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Pa.,  June,  1868-June  30,  '74;  E.  Eleventh  St., 
New  York,  Aug.  26,  1874-Dec.  24,  ''']']\  Fourth,  Pittsburgh, 
since  Ap.  23,  1878. 
TURNER,  Thomas  (A.  R.): 

Brother  of  William  D. ;  was  born  in  Anderson  Co.,  S.  C, 


THE   MINISTRY.  621 

about  1810;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1832,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1835,  by  First  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  in  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South; 
was  received  in  Ap.,  1858,  by  First  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Illi- 
nois from  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Georgia,  and  supplied  for 
nearly  two  years  West  Union,  in  White  Co.,  111.,  when  he 
reconnected  himself  with  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South 
because  of  his  views  upon  slavery;  now  without  charge. 

TURNER,  Thomas  Ebenezer: 

Was  born  Aug.  30,  1843,  ^^  Ogden,  Ind. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was 
licensed  in  Ap.,  1868,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Dec.  28,  '70,  by  Keokuk;  pastor  of  Westminster,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  la.,  Dec,  1870-Mar.  14,  '72;  S.  S.  in  Tennessee  and 
Illinois,  1872-8;  pastor  of  Lisbon,  Wis.,  since  Aug.  22,  1878. 

TURNER,  William  Dickey  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  bom  Aug.  6,  1806,  in  Anderson  Co.,  S.  C. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Miami  University  in  1832,  and  studied  theology 
mainly  with  Professors  Bishop,  McGuffy,  Scott  and  Armstrong 
of  the  University,  who  taught  a  theological  class,  and  finished 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  21,  1835,  by  First  Ohio  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  16,  '36,  by  Indiana;  was  installed  at  ordi- 
nation pastor  of  Bloomington,  Ind.,  and  remained  until  blind- 
ness and  feeble  health  compelled  him  to  resign  in  1869;  re- 
mained at  Bloomington  as  an  invalid.  Died  of  heart  disease 
Aug.  6,  1883. 

URE,  David  Meikleham,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  May  10,  1834,  in  Sterlingshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Miami  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  8,  1861,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Oct.  8,  '62,  by  Argyle;  pastor  at  Argyle,  N. 
Y.,  Oct.,  1862-Jan.  16,  '72;  Second  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111., 
Oct.  30,  1872 -Aug.  4,  '74;  General  Agent  and  Treasurer  of 
Monmouth  College,  1874-86. 

VAN  ATT  A,  Peter  R.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1814;  and  received  in  1853  by  the  Asso.  Ref. 
Pres.  of  Michigan  from  the  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Logansport, 
(O.  S.)     After  two  or  three  years  supplying  in  Illinois  he  re- 


622  THE   MINISTRY. 

turned  to  the  Presbyterian  Cli.,  and  lived  at  Lafayette,  Ind., 
where  he  died  Aug.  i6,  1885. 

VANATTA,  Samuel  Findley  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  12,  1826,  at  Bridgeport,  Belmont  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1849,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  12,  1853,  by  Steubenville  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  14,  '55,  by  Iowa;  was  pastor  of  Brighton  and 
Washington,  la.,  June,  1855-autumn  of '63.  In  1863  he  and 
his  wife  were  appointed  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Synod  of 
Iowa  to  go  as  missionaries  to  the  Freedmen  down  the  Missis- 
sippi river.  While  on  the  steamer  Brazil,  between  Vicksburg 
and  Natchez,  they  were  fired  upon  by  rebel  guerrillas,  and 
Mrs.  Vanatta  was  killed  by  a  cannon  ball,  and  he  was  so 
severely  wounded  in  the  hip  that  he  died  May  30,  1864,  in 
the  hospital  at  Vicksburg. 

VANCE,  John  A.  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Mar.  12,  1823,  near  Mountville,  Lawrence  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Jefferson,  and  studied  theoldgy  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  June  21,  1848,  by  Shenango  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  27,  '49,  by  Iowa;  pastor  of  Pleasant  Divide, 
Monroe  Co.,  la.,  Sept..  1849-Ap.,  '56;  Knoxville,  la.,  1860- 
Ap.  15,  '63;  S.  S.  at  Middletown,  la.,  1863-7;  pastor  of  Lis- 
bon and  connections,  in  Waukesha  Co.,  Wis.,  from  1867  until 
his  death.  May  10,  1877. 

VAN  EATON,  John,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  31,  1817,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1843,  ^"^  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Andrew  Heron 
and  at  Oxford  Seminary;  was  licensed  in  Ap. ,  1846,  by  Spring- 
field Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  3,  '49,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Oct.,  1849-June  29,  '53;  at  York,  Livings- 
ton Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  the  autumn  of  1853  ^^^til  his  death.  Mar. 
5,  1880,  from  an  affection  of  the  heart.  Publication:  Lec- 
tures on  Haggai  and  Zechariah;  i2mo. ,  pp.  366,  1882. 

VAN  NEST,  Abraham  Rynier,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  1823  in  New  York  city;  was  graduated  at 
Rutgers  in  1841,  and  studied  theology  at  New  Brunswick; 
was  licensed  in  1847  ^Y  the  Dutch  Classis  of  New  York,  and 
ordained  in  '48  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  the  Asso.  Ref. 


THE    MINISTRY.  623 

Union  congregation  in  Newbnrgh,  N.  Y.,  May,  1848,  until 
Nov.  following;  returned  to  the  Ref.  Dutch  Ch.,  and  was 
pastor  of  2ist  St.  Ch.,  New  York,  1848-62;  American  Chap- 
lain in  Paris,  France,  i863-'4;  in  Rome,  Italy,  i864-'5;  and 
in  Florence,  Italy,  1866-75;  pastor  of  the  Third  Dutch  Ch., 
Philadelphia,  since  May,  1878. 

VEAZEY,  John  H.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  17,  1844,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated 
privately,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  20,  1875,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  26,  ''']']^ 
by  Allegheny;  pastor  of  Fleming,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  June, 
1877-83;  Chase  City,  Va.,  1884- 

VERTICAN,  F.  W. : 

Was  received  in  Sept.,  1878,  by  the  Allegheny  Presbytery 
from  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  and  has  supplied  sev- 
eral congregations. 
VINCENT,  Alvan  Stuart: 

Son  of  Dr.  George;  was  born  Ap.  13,  1841,  at  New  Athens, 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1868,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May  11,  1870,  by  Mercer 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  18,  '72,  by  Keokuk;  was  pastor  of 
Brighton,  la.,  Ap.,  1872-Dec.  8,  '79;  at  Spring  Hill,  Decatur 
Co.,  Ind.,  since  Ap.  17,  1880.  In  1861  he  left  college  and 
volunteered  in  the  Second  Ohio  Cavalry;  served  in  the  ex- 
treme west,  in  Missouri,  Kansas,  Arkansas  and  the  Indian 
Territory,  and  came  out  of  the  service  in  the  autumn  of  1865 
with  the  rank  of  captain. 

VINCENT,  George  Carothers,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Ap.  4,  1813,  in  Harrisville,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.;  was' 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1836,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  June  30,  1840,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,, 
and  ordained  Nov.  23,  '41,  by  Illinois;  pastor  of  Washington 
and  Grandview,  la.,  1841-Sept.  8,  '47;  Mercer  Cross  Roads 
and  Lebanon,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  1847-Dec.  28,  '52; 
Greek  Prof  in  Westminster  College  and  continued  to  be  pas- 
tor of  Lebanon  until  1869;  Pastor  of  Brookville  and  Jeiferson, 
Jefferson  Co.,  Pa.;  1872-Aug.  3,  '77.  President  of  Franklin 
College  June  28,  i877-'84.     He  was  also  editor  of  the  West- 


624  THE   MINISTRY. 

minster  Herald  2l\\^  assistant  editor  of  the  United  Presbyterian 
for  six  years.  Pastor  at  Latrobe  and  Fairmount,  Pa.,  since 
Ap.  14,  1885. 

VINCENT,  William  Hanna: 

Son  of  Dr.  George;  was  born  Oct.  24,  1848,  in  Mercer,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  17,  1872,  by 
First  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  16,  '74,  by  West- 
moreland; pastor  of  Fairfield,  Ap.  10,  1872-July  '87;  Mans- 
field, O.,  since  Aug.  9,  1887. 

WADDELL,  Joseph  Buchanan*: 

Was  born  July  20,  1836,  in  Ohio  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  i860,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1862,  by  Wheeling,  and  ordained  Sept. 
15,  '63,  by  the  Lake;  pastor  of  Evansburgh  (and  Shenango, 
Pa.,  part  of  the  time)  Sept.,  1863-May  '71;  of  Center,  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Pa.,  June  10,  1873,  till  death.  Died  Feb.  12, 
1886. 

WADDLE,  Benjamin,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  2,  1802,  near  Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  was  classi- 
cally educated  at  Wheeling  Academy,  and  studied  theology 
ai  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  28,  1828,  by  Second  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  6,  '29,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Jona- 
than's Creek,  Rush  Creek,  Thornville  (and  for  a  year  Zanes- 
ville,)  O.,  May  1829-Ap.  '36;  in  the  summer  of  1836  he  be- 
came pastor  of  Crooked  Creek,  Salt  Creek,  Lebanon  and 
East  Union,  but  in  '49  these  congregations  had  so  increased 
that  he  resigned  all  but  Crooked  Creek,  now  known  as  New 
Concord,  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ,  which  he  retained  until  Nov. 
'58;  pastor  of  Kenton,  Hardin  Co.,  O. ,  from  Dec,  1859,  un- 
til his  death,  May  16,  1879.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
Muskingum  College,  and  for  a  time  its  President  and  an  act- 
ing Professor.  He  also  represented  Hardin  Co.,  in  the  State 
Legislature  for  one  term.  He  had  an  eye  single  to  his  Mas- 
ter, so  that  his  influence  everywhere  and  in  all  relations  was 
for  good. 

WADDLE,  John  McMaghen: 

Was  born  July  4,  1837,  near  Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  was  grad- 


THE   MINISTRY.  625 

uated  at  Franklin  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 
and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1862,  by  Wheeling  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  14,  '63,  by  Chillicothe;  pastor  at  Decatur, 
Brown  Co.,  O.,  May,  i863-'68;  of  Young  America,  Warren 
Co.,  111.,  1868-Aug.  27,  '76;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
is  now  pastor  at  Knoxville,  111. 

WADDLE,  William  Glenn,  D.  D.  : 

Son  of  Dr.  Benjamin;  was  born  Feb.  12,  1835,  at  Rushville, 
Fairfield  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1855,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Oct.  13,  1857,  by 
Second  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  16,  '59,  by  Wheeling; 
was  installed  at  ordination  over  Cassville,  Tippecanoe  and 
Franklin,  in  Harrison  Co.,  O. ;  resigned  Franklin  June  10, 
'62,  and  Tippecanoe  Oct.  21,  '69;  was  installed  over  Unity 
Nov.  30,  '69,  and  still  serves  it  and  Cassville.  With  the 
consent  of  his  congregation  he  was  elected  and  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Ohio  Constitutional  Convention  of  i873-'4. 

WADE,  Nixon  Everette: 

Was  born  in  Londonderry,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1863,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  June  21,  1865,  by  Butler  Pres.,  and  or^ 
dained  May  7,  '66,  by  First  Ohio;  pastor  at  Richmond,  Ind., 
May,  1866-Oct.  5,  '69;  Red  Oak,  la.,  Ap.,  1871-June  20,  '73; 
West  Union  and  Pine  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  June  8, 
1875-June  10,  '84;  Carrollton  and  Connotton,  O.,  June  14, 
1886- 

WAIT,  Joshua  W.*: 

Was  born  Aug.  lo,  1840,  in  Ottawa,  Canada;  was  graduated 
at  W^estminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1870,  by  the  Pres.  of  Tennessee,  and 
ordained  Mar.  11,  '73,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Hopewell, 
Lincoln  Co.,  Tenn.,  Mar.,  1873-Mar.  28,  '78;  died  Dec.  17, 
1878,  at  Americus,  Kan.,  of  consumption. 

WALKER,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  in  the  spring  of  1799  by  the  First  Asso.  Ref, 
Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  as  a  probationer  from  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Down,  Ireland,  and  was  ordained  on  the  4th  of  Sept.,  1799, 
by  Big  Spring;  was  pastor  of  Shippensburg  and  Chambers- 


626  THE   MINISTRY. 

burg,  Pa.,  Sept.,  I7q9-Aiig.  8,  1820;  of  Brush  Creek,  West- 
moreland Co.,   Pa.,   Dec,    1820-Ap.    9,   '23;    for  a  number  of 
years   he   supplied   vacancies,  and   died   Feb.    28,    1851,    at 
Savannah,  O. 
WALKER,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1786  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  educated  at 
Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Anderson  at  Service; 
was  licensed  in  the  summer  of  1809  by  the  Pres.  of  Ohio,  and 
ordained  July  11,  '11,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Mercer  and  con- 
nections in  Pennsylvania,  1811-Sept.  14,  '14;  was  installed 
over  Unity,  Mt.  Pleasant  and  Cadiz,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in 
the  summer  of  1815;  as  his  congregations  increased  he  re- 
signed Cadiz  in  '18,  but  retained  the  others  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  Mar.  8,  1845,  from  erysipelas.  He  was  not 
distinguished  for  scholarship,  but  possessed  an  exceedingly 
enthusiastic  temperament,  which  made  him  very  energetic 
and  active  in  his  labors.  He  was  a  pioneer  in  the  temperance 
cause  even  to  total  abstinence;  was  very  decided  in  his  oppo- 
sition to  Free  Masonry,  and  was  intensely  bitter  in  his  hos- 
tility to  slavery.  He  was  always  ready,  even  anxious,  to 
defend  his  views  nnd  oppose  what  he  regarded  as  error. 
Hence  he  was  engaged  in  a  number  of  public  discussions,  the 
most  memorable  of  which  was  with  iVlexander  Campbell,  the 
founder  of  the  Campbellite  Baptists.  He  was  desirous  of  es- 
tablishing a  classical  school  in  Harrison  Co.,  and  as  none  of 
the  villages  would  take  hold  of  the  matter,  he,  in  connection 
with  a  neighbor,  laid  out  a  town  upon  the  adjacent  parts  of 
their  farms,  called  it  New  Athens,  started  a  classical  school, 
and  rested  not  until  he  succeeded  in  getting  from  the  Legis- 
lature the  charter  of  Franklin  College.  He  studied  medicine 
in  his  youth,  and  practiced  more  or  less  in  an  amateur  way 
during  his  whole  ministry,  and  in  his  later  years  felt  a  neces- 
sity to  open  a  regular  practice,  for  the  burning  of  his  house, 
a  boundless  hospitality,  and  a  general  financial  mismanage- 
ment, made  him  sometimes  very  poor. 

WALKER,  John  H.  : 

Was  graduated  in  1861  at  Washington  College,  la.,  and 
studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Aug. 
20,   1862,  by  Keokuk  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.    10,   '63,   by 


THE   MINISTRY.  627 

Chicago;  was  S.  S.  of  the  Second  United  Presbyterian  Ch.  in 
Chicago  i863-'5;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  pastor 
in  Chicago. 

WALKER,  Joseph*: 

Was  born  Mar.  24,  1827,  in  Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  and  reared  at 
Jonathan's  Creek,  Perry  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in 
1852,  and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh  and  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  in  1855  by  the  Second  A.  R.  Pres.  of  Ohio;  was 
Prof  of  Mathematics  in  Madison  College  i856-'9,  and  the 
same  in  Muskingum  College  i859-'6i;  was  ordained  Feb. 
20,  '62,  by  he  Claire;  supplied  for  a  season  at  Cedar  Rapids, 
la.,  but  his  health  proving  insufficient  for  pastoral  work  he 
returned  to  Ohio  and  resumed  his  professorship  in  Muskin- 
gum College  in  the  autumn  of  1862  and  retained  it  until 
his  death,  which  occurred  Dec.  17,  1869,  f^"oni  consumption. 
WALKER,  Joseph  R.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Oct.  17,  1822,  in  Dublin,  Ireland;  received  his 
preparatory  education  in  his  native  city,  and  was  graduated 
at  Duquesne  College  in  1847,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Mar.  27,  1850,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  14,  '52,  by  Indiana;  pastor  at  New  Zion, 
Decatur  Co.,  Ind.,  May,  1852-Sept.,  1868;  joined  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  died  at  Greensburg,  Ind.,  without  charge, 
June  15,  1886.  Publications:  The  Decrees  of  God,  Asso.' 
Ref.  Pulpit,  Vol.  V;  a  pamphlet  on  Slavery. 

WALKER,  Nathaniel  Ross: 

Was  born  June  29,  1851,  in  Steubenville,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Yale 
and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  11,  1877,  by  Steubenville 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  11,  '79,  by  Indiana;  pastor  of  Cale- 
donia, Ind.,  from  ordination  till  Oct.  i,  '82;  of  Living  Lake 
and  Grand  Prairie,  la.,  Nov.,  i,  1883-Ap.  6,  '86;  Alpena 
Mich.,  since  Spring  1887. 

WALKER,  William  Houston  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1815  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
Franklin  in  1833,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  in  the  summer  of  1838  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  26,  '39,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  Ohio  cougrega- 


628  THE   MINISTRY. 

tion,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  from  liis  ordination  till  his  death, 
June  23,  184 1. 

WALKINSHAW,  James  Daugherty: 

Was  born  Feb.  14,  1832,  at  Saltsburg,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Oct,  27,  1858,  by  Westmoreland 
Pres. ,  and  ordained  June  20,  '60,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Beu- 
lah  and  Union,  June,  i86o-'65;  W.  Newton  and  Sewickley, 
1865-Dec.  21,  '69;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  was  pastor 
at  Martinsburg,  O.,  and  then  of  Upper  Buffalo,  Washington 
Co. ,  Pa. ,  and  of  Wellsburgh,  West  Va.  and  Millersburg,  O. 

WALLACE,  Alexander  GiLFiLLAN,  D.  D.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  Mar.  2,  1829,  iiear  Bridgeville,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  in  1847  ^^  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1852,  by  Monongahela 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June,  6,  '54,  by  Blairsville;  was  installed 
pastor  of  McKeesport  and  Bethel,  Westmoreland  Co.,  at  or- 
dination; was  released  from  the  former  Ap.  i,  '57,  and  from 
the  latter  Ap.  i,  '68;  pastor  of  New  Brighton,  Beaver  Co., 
Ap.  i868-Ap.  27,  '84.  He  has  been  the  Second  Clerk  of  the 
Gen.  Ass.  since  May,  1868,  and  Corresponding  Secretary  of 
the  Board  of  Church  Extension  since  May,  1870.  Editor 
of  the  Evangelical  Repository  since  May,  1886.  Publications: 
The  Settlement  of  the  Reformed  Churches  in  Western  Penn- 
sylvania, United  Presbyterian  Quarterly,  1861;  Sketch  of 
M.  Henderson,  Jr.,  in  Sprageu's  Annals;  ofG.  C.  Arnold  in 
Wilson's  Historical  Almanac;  several  historical  addresses  at 
church  anniversaries,  and  numerous  articles  in  the  Repository^ 
the  histriictor  and  the  U?iited  Presbyteriaji. 

WALLACE,  David  Alexander,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Nephew  of  Dr.  William;  was  born  June  16,  1826,  in  Ox- 
ford township,  Guernsey  Co. ,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami 
in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford  and  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1849,  by  Second  Ohio  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  3,  '51,  by  New  York;  pastor  at  Fall  River, 
Mass.,  June,  1851-Jan.  '54;  at  E.  Boston,  Mass.,  Nov.  15, 
1854-Sept.  10,  '56;  First  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111.,  Oct.  1856- 
Aug.    23,  '60;  Second  Ch.,  Monmouth,  Dec.    30,    1863-Dec. 


THE   MINISTRY.  629 

29,  '68;  Henderson,  111.,  Dec.  22,  1874-Dec.  28,  '75;  Woos- 
ter,  O.,  from  Ap.  i6,  1878,  iintil  his  death.  He  was  Principal 
of  Wheeling  Academy  i842-'4;  President  of  Muskingum 
College  i846-'9;  Principal  of  North  Ward  Public  School, 
Wheeling,  Va.,  i849-'5o;  President  of  Monmouth  College 
Oct.  I,  1856-Jan.  I,  '78;  was  Moderator  of  the  General  As- 
sembly of  1864.  Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of 
1880.  Died  suddenly  Oct.  21,  1883,  from  nervous  asthma. 
Publications:  The  Theology  of  New  England,  12  mo.,  pp. 
100,  1856;  The  Bible,  a  College  Text  Book,  an  Address, 
1856;  The  Missionary,  an  Address,  1858;  Church  Member- 
ship, i6mo.,  pp.  96,  1868;  The  Mission  of  the  United  Pres- 
byterian Church,  an  Address,  1872,  and  regular  contributions 
for  years  to  the  United  Presbyterian. 

WALLACE,  Henry: 

Was  born  Mar.  19,  1836,  at  W.  Newton,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jeiferson  in  1859,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1862,  by  Monmouth  Pres., 
and  ordained  Ap.  i,  '63,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Rock  Island 
and  Davenport,  June,  1863-Ap.  i,  '71;  Morning  Sun,  la., 
Dec.  19,  1871-Ap.  4,  '77;  health  failed  and  is  editor  at  Win- 
terset,  la.  Publication:  The  Doctrines  of  the  Plymouth 
Brethren,  1880. 
WALLACE,  Homer  Hugo: 

W^as  born  Mar.  16,  1854,  at  Ray-Milton,  Venango  Co.,  Pa. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Dec.  12,  1882,  by 
Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7,  '84,  by  Caledonia;  pastor  of 
Beulah,  Monroe  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May  7,  1884-Aug.  19,  '86;  of  W. 
44th  St.,  New  York,  since  Sept.  21,  1886. 

WALLACE,  Hugh  Forsythe: 

Brother  of  Dr.  David;  was  born  Nov.  12,  1843,  at  Fair- 
view,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1868, 
and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1871, 
by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  12,  '72,  by  Des 
Moines;  pastor  of  Knoxville,  la.,  June,  1872-June  30,  '75; 
Cedarville,  O.,  Oct.  26,  i875-'83;  S.  S.  Greely,  Col.,  i883-'5; 
pastor  Ap.  3,  '85.  Publication:  A  Memorial  Volume  of  his 
brother,  the  late  D.  A.  Wallace,  D.  D. 


630  THE   MINISTRY. 

WALLACE,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  10,  1801,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1827,  and  studied  theology  with  Dr.  Alex. 
Bullions  at  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  was  licensed  July  9,  1830,  by 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  25,  '32,  by  Miami;  was 
installed  at  ordination  pastor  of  Darby  and  Cherokee  (now 
Huntsville),0. ;  resigned  Darby  in  1839,  and  gave  three-fourths 
of  his  time  to  Huntsville  and  the  other  fourth  to  Bellefontaine, 
and  then  to  Kenton  until  1848;  resigned  Huntsville,  because 
of  infirmities,  Ap.  10,  1861;  preached  occasionally  as  health 
allowed,  making  his  home  at  Huntsville,  then  at  Bellefon- 
taine, and  finally  at  Bellecentre.  He  died  suddenly  Nov.  30, 
1878,  at  Mr.  W.  W.  Templeton's  house,  from  cholera  morbus. 
He  was  a  most  excellent  man,  much  blessed  in  his  ministry 
and  greatly  devoted  to  his  work,  and  spent  the  last  year  or  so 
of  his  life  in  reading  the  Old  Testament  entirely  through  in 
the  original  Hebrew. 

WALLACE,  James  M.  : 

Was  born  July  5,  1835,  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny 
and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1867,  by  Chicago  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  29,  '68,  by  Rock  Island;  pastor  of  Viola, 
Mercer  Co.,  111.,  Sept.,  1868-Oct.  20,  '70;  at  Youngstown, 
O.,  Feb.  7,  1871-Dec.  13,  '81;  8th  Ch.,  Pittsburgh,  Jan.  17, 
1882- 
W  ALL  ACE,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Nov.  1799,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland;  was 
educated  at  Belfast,  and  studied  theology  in  Edinburgh;  was 
licensed  by  the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Ahoghil,  and  having  come  to 
America,  was  received  Aug.  13,  1823,  ^Y  ^^^^  Asso.  Pres.  of 
Philadelphia,  and  ordained  June  28,  '24,  by  the  Pres.  of  the 
Carolinas;  was  pastor  at  New  Lebanon,  Monroe  Co.,  Va., 
June,  1824-Mar.  23,  '32;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Mo- 
nongahela,  Oct.  22,  1835;  supplied  for  several  years  in  South- 
ern Illinois;  in  1853  joined  the  Illinois  Pres.  of  the  Asso. 
Synod  (Bullions'),  and  through  its  union  with  the  old  Synod 
came  into  the  union  of  1858,  and  soon  afterward  retired  from 
the  active  duties  of  the  ministry  to  a  farm  near  Little  York, 
Warren  Co.,  111.,  where  he  died  Dec.  20,  1875. 


THE   MINISTRY.  63I 

WALLACE,  John  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1803  in  Ohio;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1823,  ^"'^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug, 
16,  1829,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  titiilo^  Ap. 
6,  '32,  by  Miami;  in  1831  he  accepted  a  call  to  Carmel  and 
connections,  in  Indiana,  but  subsequently  returned  it  on 
account  of  the  feebleness  of  his  health,  and  went  to  Vicks- 
burg,  Miss.,  where  he  died  Mar.  22,  1833,  from  consumption. 

WALLACE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  in  1857  ^Y  ^^^^  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of 
Ohio  from  the  Ref.  Presbyterian  Ch.  (O.  S.);  was  pastor  at 
Adamsville,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  May  6,  1862-May  i,  '66;  re- 
turned in  Sept.,  1866,  to  the  Old  School  Covenanters,  and 
died  about  1878,  at  Adamsville,  from  the  infirmities  of  age. 
WALLACE,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  graduated  at  Union  in  1809,  and  studied  theology  in 
New  York  under  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  July  12,  1813,  by 
New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained,  sine  iitulo^  in  May,  '14,  by 
the  same.  He  was  very  careless  about  the  fulfillment  of  his 
appointments,  and  so  fell  under  the  censure  of  the  Gen. 
Synod;  never  held  a  pastoral  charge;  was  a  member  of  the 
Philadelphia  Pres.,  at  the  time  of  the  union  of  1822,  and  with 
it  went  into  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  the  last  known  of  him  he 
was  residing  in  Beaufort,  S.  C. 
WALLACE,  Joseph  R.  : 

Brother  of  James  M. ;  was  born  Ap.  21,  1842,  in  Hopewell 
township,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster 
in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
May  4,  1870,  by  Lake  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  14,  '71,  by 
the  same;  pastor  of  Jamestown,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  since  ordi- 
nation. 

WALLACE,  Robert  Gemmill: 

Was  born  Feb.  7,  1832,  near  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
taken  in  1834,  by  his  parents,  to  Logan  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Franklin  in  1854,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Feb.  16,  1858,  by  Miami  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
6,  '61,  by  Delaware;  was  pastor  at  Burlington,  Otsego  Co., 
N.    Y.,  June,   i86i-'6;  P^ock  Prairie,   Wis.,   1867-Sept.    24, 


632  THE   MINISTRY. 

'73;  Bellaire,  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  7,  1874-Oct.  5,  '87;  San 
Diego,  Cal.  S.  S.  Nov.  1887. 

WALLACE,  Robert  Howard,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Nov.  12,  1796,  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  self- 
educated,  although  Union  College  subsequently  conferred 
upon  him  the  honorary  degrees  of  A.  M.  and  D.  D.,  and  stu- 
died theology  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  Mcjimsey;  was  licensed 
in  1824  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  '25  by  the  same; 
was  pastor  at  Little  Britain,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  his  or- 
dination until  his  death,  Feb.  9,  1868.  He  declined  going 
into  the  union  of  1858,  and  remained  with  the  residuary  A. 
R.  Synod  of  New  York.  A  man  of  good  ability,  and  as  his 
health  was  always  feeble  he  literally  preached  for  forty  years 
as  if  the  day  of  reckoning  were  close  at  hand.  This  gave 
much  of  the  seriousness,  solemnity  and  unction  which  char- 
acterized his  preaching. 

WALLACE,  Robert  Howard  (A.  R.): 

Son  of  Dr.  Robert  H. ;  was  born  Dec.  20,  1828,  in  Little 
Britain,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1850, 
and  studied  theology  at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  May  16, 
1854,  by  New  York  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  June,  '55,  by  Sara- 
toga; pastor  at  E.  Springfield,  June,  1855-Oct.  8,  '56;  assis- 
tant pastor  with  his  father  at  Little  Britain,  Dec.  30,  1857- 
Feb.,  '68,  and  pastor  till  '83.  After  the  union  of  1858  he 
joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.     Is  now  at  Caldwell,  N.  Y. 

WALLACE,  Samuel  (A.  R.)^: 

Brother  of  Dr.  William;  was  born  Jan.  16,  1816,  near 
St.,  Clairsville,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1839, 
and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  in  Ap. , 
1842,  by  Second  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  26,  '43,  by 
the  same;  pastor  of  E.  Union,  Lebanon  and  Cumberland,  O., 
June,  1843-Ap.  10,  '49;  Rellefontaine,  O.,  June  25,  1850- 
Ap.  18,  '54;  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  Oct.,  1854-Ap.,  '58;  Piqua, 
O.,  Ap.  13,  1858-Ap.  15,  '69.  Died  Aug.  26,  1869.  Publi- 
cation: The  Great  Salvation,  a  Sermon,  A.  R.  Pulpit, 
Vol.  V. 

WALLACE,  Washington: 

Brother  of  James  M. ;  was  born  Jan.  9,  1840,  at  New  Scotts- 


THE   MINISTRY.  633 

ville,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug. 
II,  1874,  by  Cleveland  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug.  6,  '79,  by 
Chillicothe;  pastor  of  Tranquillity,  Adams  Co.,  O. ,  Aug. 
1879-July  28,  '8t;  Amity,  Kan.,  since  Feb.,  1887. 

WALLACE,  William,  D.  D.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1800  near  Noblestown,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  1824,  ^"<^  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  14,  1827,  ^y  Monongahela 
Pres.  and  ordained  Oct.  3,  '28,  by  the  same;  was  installed  at 
ordination  over  Wheeling  and  Short  Creek,  Va.,  and  W.  Mid- 
dletown,  Pa.;  released  from  the  last,  Ap.  2,  '53,  from  Short 
Creek  Ap.  11,  ^t^j^  and  from  Wheeling  in  May,  '49;  was  pas- 
tor at  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  Sept.  24,  1850,  until  his  death,  from 
typhoid  fever,  Jan.  31,  1851.  In  Aug.,  1850,  he  was  elected 
Prof  to  Moral  Science  in  Jefferson  Callege.  Publication: 
Mighty  to  Save,  a  Sermon,  A.  R.  Pulpit,  Vol.  IL 
WALLACE,  William: 

Son  of  Dr.  David  A. ;  was  born  Aug.  20,  1857,  in  New  Con- 
cord, O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1878,  studied  the- 
ology one  year  at  Allegheny  and  finished  with  his  father; 
licensed  Ap.  16,  1884,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan. 
I3»  '85,  by  Cleveland;  pastor  of  Stowe,  Summit  Co.,  O.,  Jan. 
13,  '85-Ap.,  '87;  New  Lisbon,  O.,  since  May,  1887. 
WALLACE,  William  Lockhart,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Aug.  22,  1834,  in  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  in 
1857  ^^  Jefferson,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny,  was 
licensed  May  9,  i860,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  June 
13,  '61,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  of  Big  Spring,  at  Newville, 
Pa.,  June,  i86i-May  15,  '79;  at  Sewickley,  Allegheny  Co.^ 
Pa.,  June  27,  1879-June  25,  '86;  principal  of  Freedmen's 
Mission  College,  Norfolk,  Va.,  since  Aug.,  1886.  Publica- 
tions: Should  Christians  Dance?  a  Sermon;  Characteristics  of 
the  Christian  Minister,  a  Sermon;  a  Thanksgiving  Sermon, 
1880. 

WAREHAM,  Albert: 

Was  born  Jan.  6,  1861,  in  Butler  Co. ,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  the  Polyteclmic  Institute,  Allegheny  in  1882,  and  studied 
40 


j534  THE   MINISTRY. 

theology  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1885,  by  Alle- 
gheny Pres. ,  and  ordained  Sept.  7,  '86,  by  Albany;  pastor  of 
,West  Charlton,  N.  Y.,  since  ordination. 

WARNER,  John  R.  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Allegheny  City;  was  graduated  at  Duquesne 
in  1846,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Sept.  25,  1849,  ^y  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  13, 
'53,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  at  Pottsville,  Schuylkill  Co.,  Pa,, 
Ap.  13  until  Sept.  30,  of  1853;  S.  S.  for  Chambersburg  and 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  i854-'57;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  and 
was  pastor  near  Gettysburg  for  a  short  time,  and  ever  since 
at  Kirkwood,  Mo. 

WARNOCK,  James  Campbell: 

Was  born  Dec.  4,  1850,  at  Rock  Island,  111. ;  was  graduated 
at  the  Iowa  State  University,  and  studied  theology  in  the 
United  Presbyterian  Seminary,  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  was 
licensed  Sept.  5,  1882,  by  Rock  Island  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  26,  '83,  by  Le  Claire;  pastor  of  Le  Claire  Prairie,  la., 
since  ordination. 

WARRINGTON,  George: 

Was  born  Dec.  13,  1842,  in  Dover,  Del.;  was  graduated  at 
Amherst,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton;  was  first  lieuten- 
ant in  the  army  Nov.,  1863-Oct.,  '64;  was  licensed  Ap.  14, 
1869,  by  the  Pres.  of  New  Brunswick,  (Old  School  Pres.,)and 
ordained  by  the  West  Jersey  Pres.,  May  9,  '71;  pastor  Glass- 
boro',  N.  J.,  May,  1871-Dec.,  '71;  Bald  Eagle  and  Beech 
Creek,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1873-Oct.,  '74;  Manalapan,  N.  J.,  Dec, 
1874-May  3,  '80;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of 
Philadelphia  in  May,  1880;  pastor  of  Birmingham,  la.,  since 
Oct.  26,  1882. 

WARWICK,  Robert  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  about  1760,  and  studied  theology  with 
Brown  of  Haddington,  in  Scotland,  and  was  ordained  by  the 
Burgher  Pres.  of  Derry;  came  to  America  in  1792,  and  joined 
the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  in  1793  in- 
stalled pastor  of  Laurel  Hill,  Dunlap's  Creek  and  Spring 
Hill,  in  Westmoreland  and  Fayette  counties.  Pa. ;  was  re- 
leased from  Eaurel  Hill  Aug.  5,  '95,  and  from  the  other  two 


THE   MINISTRY.  635 

Dec.  12,  '98;  havinjT  received  and  accepted  a  call  from  Mill 
Creek,  Bank  Lick  and  Sngar  Creek,  in  southwestern  O. ,  he 
removed  to  the  vicinity  of  Cincinnati  in  the  spring  of  1799. 
On  the  nth  of  Nov.,  1800,  he  declined  the  authority  of  the 
Asso.  Ref  Ch.,  assigning  as  his  reason  its  alteration  and 
modification  of  the  Confession  of  Faith.  Alexander  McCoy 
had  done  the  same  thing  a  year  before,  and  they  met  at 
Washington,  Pa.,  Jan.  27,  1801,  and  formed  themselves  into 
an  Independent  Presbytery,  and  styled  it  The  Reformed 
Dissenting  Presbytery.  By  it  Mr.  Warwick  was  installed  oil 
the  6th  of  Sept.,  1802,  as  pastor  of  Mill  Creek  or  Sycamore 
in  Warren  Co.,  O. ,  for  one-third  of  his  time;  the  other  two- 
thirds  were  distributed  over  a  wide  field,  including  Cincinnati 
and  extending  into  the  State  of  Indiana.  Here  he  worked 
for  many  years  most  faithfully  and  laboriously.  In  1832  an 
appointment  was  made  by  his  Pres.  for  him  to  preach  at  St. 
Joseph,  Cass  Co.,  Mich.,  200  miles  distant  from  his  home. 
He  started  in  a  gig,  but  the  roads  were  too  rough  and  the 
labor  too  great  for  his  years,  and  he  died  on  the  way. 
WATSON,  Andrew,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1834,  in  Oliverburn,  Perthshire,  Scot- 
land;  was  graduated  at  Carroll  College,  Waukesha,  Wis.,  ii:i 
1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Princeton  and  Allegheny,  and 
medicine  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  May  10,  i860,  by 
Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  15,  '61,  by  Monmouth; 
was  appointed  in  i860  to  the  Egyptian  mission,  and  sailed  iiie 
the  autumn  of  '61;  in  1870  he  was  appointed  Prof,  of  System- 
atic Theology  in  the  theological  department  of  the  Egyptian 
Training  College,  and  has  in  Arabic  manuscript  an  extended 
exposition  of  the  Shorter  Catechism  as  a  text-book. 

WATSON,  Thomas  Mehard: 

Was  born  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  West- 
minster in  1871,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was- 
licensed  Ap.  9,  1875,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  16, 
'76,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  Fifth  Ch.,  Philadelphia, 
May,  1876-Mar.  8.  '77;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is- 
engaged  in  secular  business  in  western  Pennsylvania. 
WEBSTER,  Chauncey(A.)*: 

Was  born  May  20,  1799,  in  Hartford,  Washington  Co.,  N. 


636  THE   MINISTRY. 

Y. ;  became  a  printer  and  spent  his  early  life  in  Albany. 
Here  he  met  with  the  Asso.  Chnrch  for  the  first  time,  delib- 
erately esponsed  its  pecnliar  doctrines  and  practices,  joined 
its  communion,  and  was  ordained  as  a  ruling  elder  by  Dr. 
James  Martin  Ap.  9,  1826.  In  1823  ^^^  formed  a  partnership 
with  George  Wood,  and  started  a  printing  office  and  was  very 
successful.  Feeling  the  necessity  of  a  periodical  devoted  to 
the  interests  of  the  Asso.  Ch.,  he  started  the  Monitor  in  1824, 
which  still  lives  as  S\\^  Evangelical  Repository^  and  published 
it  for  eighteen  years,  during  part  of  which  he  was  editor  also. 
In  1830  he  formed  a  new  partnership  with  Packard  &  Hoff- 
man, and  they  started  a  new  daily  paper  as  the  advocate  of 
the  new  anti-Masonic  movement,  and  hired  Thurlow  Weed, 
of  Rochester,  to  edit  it  for  one  thousand  dollars  per  year. 
This  was  the  beginning  of  the  present  powerful  Albany 
Evening  Journal. 

Mr.  Webster  was  a  diligent  reader  of  standard  theological 
works,  and  particularly  those  of  the  Puritan  period,  and 
finally  concluded  to  give  up  a  very  profitable  business  and  go 
into  the  ministry.  He  studied  under  the  direction  of  his  pas- 
tor, Dr.  Martin,  and  spent  one  year  in  the  Seminary  at  Can- 
onsburg.  Was  licensed  June  20,  1836,  by  Albany  Pres.  and 
ordained  Nov.  2,  '37,  by  Philadelphia.  Was  installed  at  or- 
dination as  pastor  of  the  Walnut  St.  Ch.,  Philadelphia.  In 
1845,  because  of  a  difficulty  between  himself  and  his  Synod, 
he  declined  its  authority,  and  joined  by  Mr.  McNaughton,  of 
Mercersburg,  formed  an  independent  Pres.  of  their  own,  v/liich 
they  styled  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Philadelphia.  A 
small  minority  of  his  congregation  adhered  to  Synod,  sued 
for  and  recovered  the  church  property.  Mr.  Webster's  peo- 
ple built  upon  Bainbridge  street,  and  subsequently  because 
the  Eighth  United  Presbyterian  Church.  On  the  8th  of  Ap., 
1856,  he  returned  to  his  old  Synod  and  resigned  his  charge. 
He  was  pastor  in  Queensbury,  Warren  Co.,  N,  Y.,  July  185;- 
'60;  of  the  United  Presbyterian  congregations  at  Hinchen- 
brook  and  Gore,  Canada  East,  1861-70;  retired  from  the 
active  duties  of  the  ministry,  and  resided  at  Webster's  Mills, 
Fulton  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  died  April  18,  1880. 

Mr.    Webster   was   constitutionally   a   polemic,    and    as   a 


THE    MINSITRY.  637 

natural  result  was  involved  in  a  large  amount  of  ecclesiastical 
troubles,  some  of  which  commenced  even  before  he  entered 
the  ministry,  when  he  ventured  a  pamphlet  anent  the  Stark 
difficulty.  Notwithstanding  this  propensity,  he  was  simpler 
hearted  and  companionable  and  an  instructive  preacher.  He 
concluded  one  of  the  last  letters  he  ever  wrote  thus:  "I  am 
now  in  my  eighty-first  year,  and  of  little  use  to  the  world, 
but  the  17th  chapter  of  John,  and  many  other  similar  por^ 
tions  of  the  Bible,  give  me  much  consolation  and  contentment 
of  mind." 

WEBSTER,  Thomas  Johnson  Clarkson: 

Grandson  of  the  Reverends  Chauncey  Webster  and  Thomas 
B.  Clarkson;  was  born  Sept.  16,  1853,  in  Philadelphia,  and 
reared  near  Mercersburg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Mercersburg 
College,  in  1874,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia  and  Prince- 
ton; was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1877,  by  Xenia  Pres.  and  ordained 
Ap.  10,  '79,  by  San  Francisco;  pastor  at  Santa  Ana,  L<os  An- 
geles Co.,  Cal.,  since  June  6,  1879. 

WEED,  Samuel  Henry: 

Was  born  Nov.  5,  1843,  "^  Henry  Co.,  Ind. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  the  Indiana  State  University  in  1864,  and  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  May  12,  1866,  by 
Wabash  Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  23,  '67,  by  Rock  Island; 
pastor  of  Colona,  111.,  June  15,  1869;  added  Pleasant  Unity 
Jan.  29,  '74;  resigned  the  former  Ap.  11,  '76,  and  the  latter 
Ap.  10,  ''']']\  failure  of  health  compelled  him  to  relinquish 
the  active  duties  of  the  ministry,  and  he  has  been  more  or 
less  engaged  in  the  printing  business. 

WEEDE,  Nathaniel  Cooper  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  23,  1808,  in  Cedar  Spring  congregation, 
Abbeville  District,  S.  C,  where  his  great-grandfather  had 
settled  in  colonial  days;  in  1815  or  '16  the  family  formed  one 
of  the  colony  which  went  to  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Miami  in  1829,  ^"^  studied  theology  with  Mungo  Dick  at 
Sewickley,  and  Dr.  Pressly  in  Allegheny;  was  licensed  July 
5,  1832,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  13,  '33,  by 
Monongahela;  was  installed  pastor  at  Bethel,  Brush  valley 
and   Blairsville,    Ind.   Co.,  Pa,,    at  ordination;  resigned  the 


638  THE   MINISTRY. 

last  in  '41  and  the  other  two  in  the  antnmn  of  '48;  became 
S.  S.  of  La  Prairie,  Marshall  Co.,  111.,  in  the  spring  of  '49, 
fend  in  '50  organized  the  congregation  of  Elmira,  in  Stark 
Co.,  and  in  '51  became  pastor  of  both  congregations;  re- 
signed the  latter  in  '57  and  the  former  in  '61,  and  preached 
but  little  for  a  number  of  years,  because  of  injuries  re- 
ceived from  a  fall  from  a  horse.  Died  Oct.  5,  1887,  in  St. 
Charles,  la. 
WEIR,  John*: 

Was  born  in  July,  1836,  in  Selkirkshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Westminster  in  1866,  and  studied  theology  at 
Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1868  by  Monmouth 
Pres.,  and  ordained  May  5,  '69,  by  Stamford;  pastor  at  Telfer, 
Ontario,   Can.,  May,   1869-Ap,   29,  '73;  died  there  May  28, 

1873- 

WEIR,  Samuel  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  1778,  in  Coleraine,  Ireland;  was  educated 
throughout  in  Glasgow  University,  and  licensed  and  or- 
dained in  Ireland;  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1818  and  was  pastor 
over  Mifflin,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.,  1820-July  16,  '44; 
died  Jan.  31,  1850. 
WEIR,  William: 

Son  of  Samuel;  was  born  Oct.  23,  1839,  in  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1862,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1865,  by  Allegheny 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  19,  '66,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  E. 
Union  June,  1866-June  30,  '69;  Canonsburg,  June,  1870-June 
17,  '73;  Martin's  Ferry,  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  9,  1874-June 
16,  '85.  Publication:  A  Fair  Sample,  a  Romance  of  old 
Jefferson,  1879. 
WELLER,  Sidney  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union 
in  1820;  was  Principal  of  Washington  Academy,  Salem,  N. 
Y.,  i820-'4,  during  which  time  he  studied  theology  with  Dr. 
Alex.  Proudfit;  was  licensed  May  4,  1825,  by  Washington 
Pres.,  and  ordained  in  '27  by  New  York.  Soon  after  his  or- 
dination he  went  to  the  valley  of  Virginia,  and  finally  settled 
at  Brinkleyville,  Halifax  Co.,  N.  C,  as  a  planter,  and  joined 


THE   MINISTRY.  639 

the  communion  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  although  he  never 
sought  ordination  to  its  ministry. 

WELSH,  James: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Johnston;  was  born  Sept.  21,  1835,  at  New 
Concord,  O. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in  1857,  and  studied 
theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  6,  1859,  by  First  Ohio 
Pres,  and  ordained  Dec.  4,  '60,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  College 
Corner,  O.,  Dec,  1860-Oct.,  '62;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch. 
in  1865,  and  is  now  at  Bonaparte,  la. 

WELSH,  Johnston  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  15,  1809,  near  Cadiz,  O.  His  father  was 
an  unbeliever,  and  his  early  training  was  iinder  skeptical  in- 
fluences. During  his  collegiate  course  he  was  teacher  of  a 
Grammar  School  in  Washington,  O.,  for  eighteen  months. 
This  brought  him  into  contact  with  Dr.  Samuel  Findley, 
under  whose  instructions  he  was  converted,  and  by  whom  he 
was  baptized  in  1829.  When  his  attention  was  first  waked 
to  religious  things  his  views  of  doctrines  were  decidedly 
Arminian,  as  they  always  are  where  the  natural  heart  is  the 
teacher,  but  he  patiently  and  thoroughly  investigated,  point 
by  point,  the  whole  system,  and  deliberately  adopted  Calvin- 
ism. He  was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1832,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  23,  1834,  by  Second 
Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  22,  '35,  by  the  same;  was  in- 
stalled pastor  at  New  Concord,  O.,  at  his  ordination,  but  was 
compelled  in  '36  to  resign,  because  of  severe  hemorrhages  from 
the  lungs;  was  President  of  Franklin  College  from  1836  until 
his  death,  Ap.  17,  1837,  from  his  old  ailment.  He  was  a 
portly  man,  considerably  above  the  middle  size,  with  a  fair 
complexion,  possessed  a  superior  memory  and  strong  reason- 
ing powers.  His  last  words  were  those  of  the  proto-martyrj 
"Lord  Jesus,  receive  my  Spirit." 

WELSH,  Robert  C.*: 

Was  born  Aug.  15,  1838,  at  Locust  Hill,  in  Washingtoii 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1861;  iserved  as  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  22d  Pennsylvania  Cavalry  during  the  first  part 
of  the  civil  war;  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  17,  1866,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  14,  '67^ 


640  THE   MINISTRY. 

by  the  same;  pastor  at  North  Buffalo,  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Dec.  22,  1868. 

WESTLAKE,  Henry: 

Was  born  Feb.  20,  1841,  at  Millbrook,  Mercer  Co.,  Pa,; 
received  an  academic  education,  and  studied  theology  under 
the  direction  of  "the  committee  on  the  training  of  young 
men,"  according  to  the  Discipline  of  the  Methodist  Ch. ;  was 
licensed  in  1876,  and  ordained  in  '78,  by  the  Allegheny  Con- 
ference of  the  Wesleyan  Methodists;  took  appointments  for 
four  years;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Butler, 
Ap.,  1882,  and  has  supplied  within  its  bounds. 
WHITE,  Charles  Edgar: 

Was  born  Oct.  9,  1855,  in  Washington,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Muskingum  in  1883,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  20,  1886,  by  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  14,  '86,  by  Muskingum; 
pastor  of  Lebanon,  Guernsey  Co.,  since  ordination. 

WHITE,  Isaac  Newton: 

Was  born  Aug.  17,  1835,  near  Hickory,  Washington  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1855,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia;  was  licensed  July  24,  1859,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  May  7,  '61,  by  Arg>'le;  pastor  of  Hebron,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1861-Nov.  10,  '63;  New  Lebanon  and 
Glade  Run,  Columbiana  Co.,  O.,  1866-July  6,  '75;  Fairview 
and  Washington,  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  since  Oct.  26,  1875. 

WHITE,  James  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  1794,  in  Muthill,  Perthshire,  Scotland;  was 
reared  under  the  ministry  of  Mr.  Muckersie,  the  author  of  a 
well-known  catechism;  was  graduated  at  Glasgow  University, 
and  studied  in  the  Asso.  Divinity  Hall  with  Prof  Paxton; 
was  licensed  in  the  spring  of  1819  by  the  Pres.  of  Sterling. 
His  preaching  was  very  popular,  so  that  during  the  five  years 
he  remained  in  Scotland  he  received  thirteen  calls,  one  of 
which  was  from  Dunfermline,  where  Ralph  Erskine  had 
preached.  He  went  into  the  United  Secession  Ch.  when 
constituted  by  the  union  of  the  Burghers  and  Anti-Burghers 
in  1820,  but  soon  became  dissatisfied  and  identified  himself 
with  the  Paxton  party.     He  landed  in  New  York  in  Oct., 


THE   MINISTRY.  641 

1824;  was  ordained  by  the  Cambridge  Pres.  July  6,  '25;  was 
pastor  of  E.  Salem,  Washino-ton  Co.,  N.  Y.,  from  his  ordina- 
tion until  his  death,  which  occurred  Dec.  13,  1827.  He  was 
short  and  thick-set,  with  light  hair  and  light  complexion. 
His  sermons  were  written  with  care,  and  in  a  style  of  much 
grace  and  beauty.  He  had  a  marked  predilection  for  the  de- 
scriptive kind  of  preaching,  and  possessed  remarkable  graphic 
powers.  After  his  death  a  volume  of  his  sermons  was  pub- 
lished in  this  country  and  republished  in  Scotland. 
WHITE,  James,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  Jan.  17,  1832,  near  New  Concord,  O. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1856,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1861,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Ap.  15,  '62,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Jonathan's  Creek, 
Perry  Co.,  O.,  Ap.,  1862-Dec.  9,  '79;  Charles  St.,  New  York, 
Feb.  3,  1880-Sept.  13,  '87;  Arkansas  City,  since  Oct.,  1887. 
Was  Principal  of  Madison  Academy  at  Mt.  Perry,  O.,  for  ten 
years.  Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Council  of  1884. 
WHITE,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  received  Oct.  15,  1834,  by  Caledonia  Pres.  as  a  proba- 
tioner, and  was  ordained  May  14,  '35,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  at  Seneca,  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1835-Jan.  26,  't^j\ 
supplied  at  Oxbow,  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  received  and  ac- 
cepted a  call  from  this  congregation  June  10,  1838;  his  instal- 
lation was  unavoidably  delayed,  and  on  the  21st  of  Oct.,  '39, 
he  returned  the  call  and  received  a  certificate  to  connect  with 
a  church  in  Canada. 

WHITE,  John  Calvin: 

Was  born  Sept.  10,  1841,  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1870,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1872,  by  Mercer  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap. 
14,  '75>  by  Wabash;  pastor  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Clinton  Co.,  Ind., 
Ap.,  1875-Ap.  II,  '80;  Eugene,  Ringgold  Co..  la.,  June  23, 
1882-Aug.  28,  '84;  Hanover,  111.,  Oct.  16,  1885. 

WHITE,  Joseph  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Wash- 
ington in  1845,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  12,    1848,  by  Steubenville  Pres.,  and  ordained 


642  THE    MINISTRY. 

June  12,  '56,  by  la.;  pastor  at  Knoxville,  la.,  June  1856-58; 
supplied  elsewhere  for  a  short  time;  became  au  invalid,  and 
died  July  12,  1872,  at  Knoxville. 

WHITE,  Samuel  Steward*: 

Was  born  Mar.  6,  1846,  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  v^^as  grad- 
uated at  Muskingum  in  1868,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  19,  1870,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Nov.  2,  '71,  by  Philadelphia;  was  pastor  of  the  Tenth 
Ch.,  Philadelphia,  from  his  ordination  until  his  death,  Aug, 
16,  1876. 
WHITE,  Thomas  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in 
1806,  and  studied  theology  in  New  York  under  Dr.  Mason; 
was  licensed  June  20,  1809,  by  Washington  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Jan.  24,  '10,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Whitehall,  N.  Y., 
Jan.,  i8io-Feb.  11,  '12;  immediately  afterward  he  took 
charge  of  the  Lisbon  congregation  in  St.  Lawrence  Co.,  Nc 
Y.  In  the  spring  of  1813  the  British  made  a  descent  upon 
Ogdensburg,  and  the  militia  of  Lisbon  was  called  out.  Mr. 
White  volunteered  both  as  chaplain  and  common  soldier. 
On  the  first  Sabbath  of  Mar.,  1813,  he  returned  to  Lisbon  and 
preached  from  2  John,  8th  verse,  "Look  to  yourselves,"  etc., 
a  sermon  of  such  power  that  it  was  lovingly  talked  of  forty 
years  afterward.  This  proved  to  be  a  farewell  sermon,  for 
during  the  week  Ogdensburg  was  taken,  and  the  inhabitants 
of  Lisbon  fled  in  dismay  to  their  former  homes  in  Washing- 
ton Co.  and  elsewhere,  and  did  not  return  until  after  peace 
was  proclaimed.  On  the  29th  of  June  the  Pres.  dissolved 
the  pastoral  relation  between  Mr.  White  and  the  congrega- 
tion, "because  of  its  dispersion  by  the  war."  He  soon  after- 
ward took  charge  of  Seneca  congregation,  in  Ontario  Co.,  N. 
Y.,  which  he  retained  until  1822,  and  died  there  in  1824. 

WHITE,  William  (A.  R.): 

Was  received  May  30,  1853,  ^Y  ^^^^  Washington  Pres.  as  a 
licentiate  from  the  Northern  Pres.  of  the  Ref.  Pres.  Ch. ;  was 
ordained  July  6,  '54,  by  Saratoga  Pres.;  pastor  at  Burlington 
Green,  N.  Y.,  from  July,  1854,  till  Aug.,  1857,  when  he  was 
dismissed  to  the  Presbyterian  Ch.  in  Canada. 


THE   MINISTRY.  643 

WHITE,  WiLBERT  Webster: 

Was  born,  Jan.  16,  1863,  in  Ashland  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Wooster  in  1881,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia,  and 
a  post-graduate  course  at  New  Haven;  was  licensed  Ap.  16, 
1884,  by  Mansfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  5,  '85,  by  Chi- 
cago; pastor  of  Wilton,  Wills  Co.,  111.,  May  5,  1885-Sept. 
20,  '86;  President  of  Tarkio  College,  Mo.,  since  1887. 

WHITEHILL,  Nelson  Alexander: 

Was  born  near  Cambridge,  O.,  Dec.  20,  1844;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Monmouth  in  1875,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia; 
was  licensed  Ap.  7,  1876,  by  Des  Moines  Pres.,  and  ordained 
June  21,  '']'],  by  Detroit;  pastor  at  Brcckway,  &c.,  Mich., 
June  i877-'Ap.  13,  '78;  Caledonia  and  Campbell,  Kent  Co., 
Mich.,  Oct.,  18,  1878-Dec.,  '80;  Cuba,  Crawford  Co.,  Mo., 
^  since  June,  1881,  and  Pleasant  Ridge,   y^  since  Nov.  '86. 

WHITHAM,  John  Dement: 

Was  born  Mar.  22,  1815,  in  Ohio  Co.,  W.  Va. ;  was  grad- 
uated at  Washington  in  1835,  and  studied  theology  at  Prince- 
ton; was  licensed  May  25,  1840,  by  the  Pres.  of  Philadelphia, 
(O.  S.  Presbyterian,)  and  ordained  Oct.  12,  '41,  by  the  Pres. 
of  Washington,  Pa.;  pastor  of  Unity,  Pa.,  and  Wolf  Run, 
Va.,  Oct.  1841-Ap.  18,  '43;  S.  S.  and  pastor  of  Keene,  Co- 
shocton Co.,  O.,  July,  1843-June,  '45;  Canal  Fulton,  O.,  Oct. 
1845-Ap.,  '49.  Because  of  the  refusal  of  the  General  Assem- 
bly to  make  slavery  a  term  of  communion,  he  left  the  Pres- 
byterian Ch.,  and  in  June,  1849,  joined  the  Free  Presbyterian 
Ch.,  and  in  it  was  S.  S.  of  Mt.  Jackson,  Pa.,  and  Lowell,  O., 
June,  1849-Ap.,  '57;  Paint  Valley  O.,  May,  1857-May  '64; 
joined  the  Mansfield  Pres.  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch., 
June  21,  1864,  and  after  supplying  several  churches  was  pas- 
tor of  Sugar  Branch,  Ford  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  2,  1867-Ap.  15,  '74; 
pastor  at  Fairfax  and  Florence,  Linn  Co.,  la.,  Sept.  2,  1874- 
Sept.  26,  '83. 

WHITTEN,  James  Blair  (A.): 

Was  born  June  18,  1831,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Washington  in  1849,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Nov.  3,  1852,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Oct.  26,  '54,  by  Chartiers;  pastor  of  Peter's  Creek,  Washing- 


644  THE   MINISTRY. 

ton  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  1854-June  17,  '56;  West  44th  St.,  New 
York,  Ap.  14,  1857-Sept.  27,  '59;  Plain  Grove,  Lawrence 
Co.,  Pa.,  for  half  time,  June  18,  1861-Nov.  26,  '72;  the  other 
half  time  as  S.  S.  of  Harlansburg  until  '64,  and  then  Ne- 
shannock  from  1869  to  '74;  S.  S.  also  of  Oak  Grove,  Pa.,  Aug. 
1872-Oct.  '74;  pastor  of  Seventh  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Jan.  25, 
1875-Sept.  13,  1882-Wurtemburg  and  Wampum,  Pa.,  Jan. 
9,  1883;  resigned  Wampum  Ap.  14,  '85,  and  Wurtemburg 
Dec.  14,  '85. 
WHITLA,  Jesse  L.  : 

Was  born  Nov.  23,  1831,  at  Glade  Run,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1856,  and  studied  theology 
at  Xenia  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1859,  ^Y 
Mercer  Pres. ;  travelled  20,000  miles  under  the  direction  of 
the  Home  Board,  and  was  ordained  Aug.  13,  '62,  by  Detroit; 
pastor  of  Nankin,  Mich.,  Aug.  1862-Feb.  2,  65;  was  thrown 
aside  for  three  years  by  ill  health;  was  S.  S.  of  Eden  Prairie 
and  Glendale,  Minn.,  i868-'7i;  Caledonia,  Minn.,  1871-2, 
and  pastor  of  Zion  and  Levin,  Douglas  Co.,  Minn.,  Nov.  17, 
1875-Mar.  31,  '86;  Edgerton,  Kan.,  Oct.  4,  1886- 
WHYTE,  Archibald  (A.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1755,  in  Peebleshire,  Scotland;  was 
graduated  at  Edinburgh  University  in  1781,  and  studied  the- 
ology with  the  younger  Moncrieff  at  Alloa;  was  licensed  in 
Aug.,  1786,  by  the  Pres.  of  Edinburgh.  In  1787  the  General 
Asso.  Synod  appointed  him  and  David  Goodwillie  to  go  to 
America.  He  landed  at  New  York  May  5,  1788,  and  joined 
the  Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  by  which  he  was  ordained 
May  26,  '89,  at  Guinston,  York  Co.,  Pa.  In  1790  he  received 
a  call  from  a  congregation  in  South  Carolina,  which  he  de- 
clined because  of  slavery.  This  was  the  only  call  he  ever 
received.  In  1790  he  married  Margaret  Kerr,  of  Marsh  Creek, 
Adams  Co.,  Pa.,  and  in  '92  purchased  320  acres  of  land  in 
Argyle,  N.  Y.,  on  which  he  built  a  house,  which  was  ever 
afterward  his  home,  and  in  which  he  died  in  the  ninety-fourth 
year  of  his  age.  For  about  ten  years  he  itinerated  constantly 
over  the  whole  territory  of  the  church,  from  Vermont  to 
South  Carolina,  and  from  the  Connecticut  to  the  Ohio  river. 
All  this    was  done  on  horseback,  with  bad  roads  and  few 


THE   MINISTRY.  645 

bridges,  and  in  most  of  it  his  wife  was  his  travel in^^  com- 
panion. She  was  the  better  horseman,  and  it  is  said  that  she 
would  ride  on  before  him  through  the  deep  waters  to  be 
forded,  and  the  difficult  and  dangerous  places  to  be  passed, 
and  then  give  him  directions  how  to  follow.  As  he  advanced 
in  life  he  restricted  the  bounds  of  his  itinerancy,  and  ulti- 
mately confined  it  to  Cambridge  Pres.  He  preached  for  the 
last  time  on  the  5th  of  Oct.,  1845,  both  forenoon  and  after- 
noon, in  North  Argyle.     He  died  Jan.  6,  1849. 

He  was  exceedingly  methodical  in  all  things,  and  kept  an 
accurate  diary  of  all  his  doings  and  wanderings,  from  which 
it  appears  that  he  preached  in  fifty-four  different  places  in 
Scotland  and  in  seventy-four  in  America.  Of  him  as  a 
preacher  Dr.  P.  Bullions  says  that  "his  sermons  were  excel- 
lent, fully  written  out,  and  in  respect  to  spirit,  sentiment  and 
style  were  all  that  could  be  desired;  but  his  delivery  was 
labored,  embarrassed,  and  often  exceedingly  painful  to  his 
hearers."  He  was  a  man  of  deep  devotion  and  active  piety, 
and  regarded  as  a  valuable  member  of  Church  Courts,  because 
of  his  good  sense,  enlightened  views  and  sound  judgment. 
WHYTE,  Archibald,  Jr.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Archibald;  was  born  Aug.  3,  1800,  in 
Argyle,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1822,  and  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  Banks  in  Philadelphia;  was  licensed  June 
19,  1826,  by  Cambridge  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  5,  '27,  by 
Philadelphia;  was  pastor  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Dec,  i827-'33; 
became  pastor  of  Steele  Creek  and  Bethany,  S.  C,  in  1833.' 
In  1839  he,  in  connection  with  the  Pres.  of  the  Carolinas, 
declined  the  authority  of  Synod  because  of  its  action  anent 
slavery,  but  his  habits  in  regard  to  sobriety  were  gradually 
growing  worse,  so  that  about  1841  or  '42  his  Pres.  felt  con- 
strained to  dejiose  him  from  the  ministry  for  drunkenness. 
He  never  wholly  reformed,  and  turned  planter  and  politician, 
and  died  in  Sept.,  1865.  He  never  lost  faith  in  nor  affection 
for  the  church  of  his  fathers,  and  whether  at  home  or  abroad, 
sober  or  otherwise,  he  insisted  upon  the  observance  of  family 
worship.  In  all  the  relations  of  life  he  lived  orderly  and 
wielded  considerable  influence,  and  was  regarded  as  one  of 
most  polished  political  orators  in  the  State. 


646  THE   MINISTRY. 

WILEY,  George  Martin: 

Was  born  Dec.  13,  1830,  in  Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N. 
Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1859,  and  .studied  theology  at 
Princeton;  was  licensed  May  6,  1862,  by  Argyle  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.  10,  '63,  by  Vermont;  pastor  at  Ryegate,  Vt, 
Oct.,  i863-'67;  at  W.  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  since  Ap.  7,  1868. 
WILEY,  James  Albert: 

Was  born  June  21,  1855,  at'Fair  Haven,  O. ;  was  graduated 
at  Monmouth  in  1882,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  i,  1885,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Aug. 
27,  '85,  by  College  Springs;  pastor  of  Adams,  Adams  Co.,  la., 
since  ordination. 
WILKIN,  Henry  S.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  about  1796  near  Goshen,  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was 
graduated  at  Union  in  1816,  and  studied  theology  in  New 
York  with  Dr.  Mason;  was  licensed  in  1820  by  New  York 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  2,  '23,  by  Saratoga;  pastor  at  York, 
Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1823-34;  at  Springfield,  Otsego 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  June  24,  1835-44;  retired  from  the  active  duties 
of  the  ministry,  and  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  186-. 

WILKIN,  Ralph  Erskine: 

Was  born  Aug.  19,  1841,  in  Londonderry,  Guernsey  Co., 
O. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1871,  by  Keokuk  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  10,  '72,  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Sandusky 
and  Summitville,  Lee  Co.,  la.,  Sept.,  1872-Dec.  29,  '74;  of 
Smith  Creek,  Warren  Co.,  111.,  May  21,  1875-Ap.  6,  '82; 
Prosperity,  Randolph  Co.,  111.,  May  2,  1883- 

WILLIAMS,  Melanchthon  Brown: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  Gershon  Williams  of  the  Presbyterian  Ch. ; 
was  born  July  16,  1797,  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated 
at  Princeton  in  1814,  and  studied  theology  with  Drs.  Alex. 
McLeod  and  Samuel  B.  Wylie;  was  licensed  in  May,  1818, 
by  the  Northern  Pres.  of  the  Reformed  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and 
ordained  in  Ap.,  '20,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  in  Kortright, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  nearly  forty  years,  anc"  joined  the  United 
Presbyterian  Ch.  in  1862,  and  soon  afterward  retired  to  Cam- 
bridge, N.  Y. 


THE   MINISTRY.  647 

WILLIAMSON,  James*: 

Was  born  in  Scotland;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of 
Edinburgh,  and  studied  theology  in  the  United  Secession 
Hall;  supplied  for  a  time  in  the  Asso.  Ch.  of  Johnstown,  N. 
Y. ;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres.  of  Washington  in  the  spring 
of  1840,  and  was  S.  S.  at  Oxbow,  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1840- 
'50;  in  1852  joined  the  Bullions  Synod  of  the  Asso.  Ch. ;  was 
pastor  at  Wilkinsonville,  Worcester  Co.,  Mass.,  Feb.  28,  1856 
-April  20,  '64;  died  Mar.  3,  1866. 

WILLIAMSON,  James  Andrew: 

Son  of  Rev.  James;  was  born  Mar.  4,  1838,  in  Johnstown, 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Brown  University,  R.  I.,  and  studied 
theology  privately  and  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Sept.  16, 
1863,  by  Boston  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  27,  '64,  by  Albany; 
pastor  at  Johnstown,  N.  Y. ,  since  his  ordination. 

WILLIAMSON,  John: 

Was  born  March  9,  1837,  in  W.  Kortright,  Delaware  Co., 
N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1863,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1866,  by  Mercer 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18,  '67,  by  Sidney;  pastor  at  Belle- 
fontaine,  O.,  July,  1867-Sept.  6,  '87:  Omaha  Central  since 
Sept.  1887. 

WILLIAMSON,  Leamon  Wilson: 

Was  born  June  30,  1856,  at  Xenia,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  11,  '83,  by  Xenia  Pres,,  and  ordained  Mar.  29, 
'84,  by  College  Springs;  pastor  at  Hiawatha,  Kan.,  July  21, 
1885-Sept.  6,  '87. 

WILLIAMSON,  Robert  Duncan: 

Was  born  Feb.  23,  1833,  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853,  ^"^  studied  theology  at 
Canonsburg  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  June  27,  1857,  by  the 
Pres.  of  New  York,  and  ordained  May  5,  '59,  by  Albany; 
pastor  at  Lansingville,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May,  1859-Sept. 
24,  '61;  Florida,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  29,  1862,  Ap.  5,  '70;  Paierson, 
N.  J.,  May  10,  1870-Dec.  i,  '71;  Troy,  N.  Y.,  since  Feb.  6, 
1872. 


648  THE   MINISTRY. 

WILLIAMSON,  William  Collins: 

Was  born  Feb.  2,  1842,  near  Xenia,  O. ;  was  gradnated  at 
Jefferson  in  1865,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was  licensed 
Ap.  13,  1867,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '69,  by 
West  Missouri ;  S.  S.  two  years  at  Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  pastor 
at  Washington,  la.,  Ap.  19,  1871-July  21,  '85;  Keokuk,  la., 
Sept;  16,  '85. 
WILSON,  Alexander  (A.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ap.,  1792,  near  Market  Hill,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Glasgow,  and 
studied  theology  in  the  Asso.  Anti-Burgher  Hall  of  Scotland; 
was  licensed  in  Ireland  and  soon  after  sailed  for  America,  and 
landed  at  Philadelphia  in  May,  1816;  joining  the  Asso.  Ch. 
was  ordained  Oct.  8,  '17,  by  Chartiers  Pres.;  was  installed 
pastor  of  Peter's  Creek  and  Horseshoe  Bottom,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa.,  at  ordination;  resigned  the  latter  in  June,  '34,  and 
the  former  in  '38;  joined  the  Asso.  Ref  Ch.  Ap.  16,  1839,  and 
was  pastor  in  Cadiz,  O.,  Jan.  26,  1840-51;  retired  from  active 
duties,  and  died  Jan.  20,  1867,  in  Philadelphia. 

WILSON,  Andrew  (A.  R.)*: 

For  a  time  pastor  of  the  Asso.  congregation  of  Crieve,  in 
Ireland;  was  received  Sept.  7,  1801,  by  the  Asso.  Ref  Pres. 
of  New  York;  installed  pastor  of  Albany  and  Lansingburg, 
N.  Y.,  Ap.  20,  1802;  resigned  the  latter  Ap.  19,  '04,  and  the 
former  Sept.  8,  '07;  went  home  to  Ireland,  but  after  spending 
a  year  there  returned  and  joined  the  Saratoga  Pres.,  Feb.  15, 
1809;  became  pastor  of  Seneca,  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  Feb., 
1810,  and  died  there  on  the  26th  of  June,  1812. 

WILSON,  David  C.  : 

Was  born  Sept.  8,  1832,  in  Brush  Valley,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa., 
was  graduated  at  Washington  in  i860,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Oct.  14,  '62,  by  Conemaugh  Pres., 
and  ordained  June  27,  '63,  by  the  same;  was  S.  S.  at  Amity, 
la.,  two  years;  one  at  St.  Croix  Falls,  Wis. ;  pastor  at  Clarinda, 
la.,  Dec.  3,  1866-Mar.  29,  '87. 
WILSON,  George  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  was  educated  at 
Franklin  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 


THE   MINIvSTRY.  649 

Ap.  13,  1841,  by  Monongahela  Pres,,  and  ordained  Nov.  17, 
'41,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  of  Worthington,  Richland  Co.,  and 
Pine  Run,  Licking  Co.,  O.,  Spring  1842-May,  '44;  joined 
the  Baptist  Ch.,  preached  for  a  season  within  the  bounds  of 
his  old  charge,  then  taught  an  academy  at  Morristown.  O. , 
and  finally  moved  to  Illinois  and  settled  down  as  a  farmer  in 
the  vicinity  of  Bloomington. 

WILSON,  Gilbert  Gordon: 

Was  born  May  6,  1858,  at  Auburn,  Mo. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  in  1884,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  7,  1886,  by  Southern  Illinois,  and  ordained  July 
6,  '87  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Cutler,  Hopewell  and  Four 
Mile,  111. ,  since  ordination. 

WILSON,  Howard  Sloan: 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1858,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Westminster  in  1880,  and  studied  theology  at  Alle- 
gheny; was  licensed  June  6,  1882,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and 
ordained  June  10,  '84,  by  Westmoreland;  pastor  at  Mt.  Pleas- 
ant, Pa.,  since  ordination. 

WILSON,  Isaac  Ambrose: 

Was  born  Feb.  24,  1832,  in  Concord,  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1858,  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1862,  by  Wheeling  Pres., 
and  ordained  July  5,  '66,  by  Mansfield;  pastor  at  North  Bend, 
Neb.,  May,  1867-Mar.,  '76;  S.  S.  at  Pana  and  then  at  Spring 
Creek,  111.,  i878-'85;  Majors,  Neb.,  June  18,  1885- 

WILSON,  James  Cunningham: 

Son  of  Dr.  Samuel;  was  born  May  31,  1840,  in  Xenia,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1864,  and  studied  theology  at 
Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  30,  1867,  by  Xenia  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Ap.  13,  '69,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  at  Beaver,  Pa.,  Ap., 
1869-Mar.,  72;  Third  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  Ap.  15,  1872-Sept. 
13)  '75;  S't  Brie,  Pa.,  since  May  11,  1876. 
WILSON,  James  K.  (A.  R.)*: 

Of  the  United  Associate  Synod  of  Ireland,   and  more  re- 
cently a  missionary  in  British  America;  was  received  Aug., 
1828,  by  the  Pres.   of  Big  Spring.     After  supplying  in  the 
vacancies  for  a  year  or  two,  he  returned  to  British  America. 
41 


650  THE    MINISTRY. 

WILSON,  James  Thomas: 

Was  born  Nov.  14,  1830,  near  Elizabeth,  Allegheny  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  educated  at  Washington  and  studied  theology  at 
Allegheny;  was  licensed  Aug.  23,  1859,  by  Allegheny  Pres,, 
and  ordained  Jan,  2,  '61,  by  Conemaugh;  pastor  of  Taylors- 
ville  and  connections  Jan.,  i86i-Dec.  31,  '61;  First  Ch., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  July  17,  1862-Mar.  11,  '67;  Parker  City, 
Armstrong  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  23,  '74-Mar.  31,  '78;  East  ii6th 
St.,  New  York,  June  6,  1879-Aug.  17,  '81;  was  S.  S.  in 
Topeka,  Kans.,  i870-'2;  pastor  at  Sidney,  O.,  Ap.  11,  1882- 
Dec.  5,  '82;  S.  S.  Greenwich,  N.  Y.,  1886-  Publications:  Min- 
isterial and  Christian  Duty,  a  Sermon,  1862;  The  Hand  of 
God  in  our  Civil  War,  an  Address,  pp.  18,  1863;  The  Bible 
in  Public  Schools,  a  Lecture,  pp.  18,  1872. 

WILSON,  James  Thomas: 

Was  born  Oct.  10,  1835,  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland;  studied 
theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  1872  by  Bloomington 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  18,  '''j^^  by  Cedar  Rapids;  pastor  of 
Pratt  Creek,  la.,  June,  1873-Sept.  2,  '74;  Second  Cedar  Rapids, 
la.,  Oct.  6,  1875-Oct.  10,  ''jy\  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  June,  1880-July 
II,  '82;  Walton,  Kans.,  Dec.  12,  1882-Ap.  i,  '86. 

WILSON,  John  A.,  D.  D. : 

Was  born  Oct.  4,  1839,  in  Venango  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Westminster  in  1864;  studied  law  in  Philadelphia  and 
practiced  in  New  Castle,  Pa. ;  studied  theology  at  Allegheny; 
was  licensed  Ap.  11,  187 1,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained 
Sept.  II,  '72,  by  Beaver  Valley;  pastor  at  Beaver,  Pa.,  Sept., 
1872-July  I,  '76;  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  July  28,  i876-'86;  Wooster, 
0.,Jan.  19,  1887.  Delegate  to  the  Pan-Presbyterian  Councils 
in  1877  and  '84.  Publications:  Three  Lectures  on  the  Dog- 
mas of  Rome. 
WILSON,  John  Beattie  (A.): 

Was  born  Mar.  22,  1826,  in  London,  Ontario,  Can. ;  was 
graduated  at  Franklin  in  1850,  and  studied  theology  at  Can- 
onsburg;  was  licensed  in  June,  1854,  by  Stamford  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Oct.,  1855,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Telfer,  Canada, 
Oct.,  i855-'67;  was  general  missionary  within  the  bounds 
of  the  Pres.   of  Detroit    i867-'7i;  pastor  at    Bruce,  Mich., 


THE   MINISTRY.  651 

1871-Ap.  9,  '79;  at  Fair  Grove  and  Otter  Lake,  Mich.,  since 
June  15,  1880,  resigning  Fair  Grove  June  30,  '86. 
WILSON,  JosiAH  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Armagh,  Ireland;  was  educated  in  one  of  the 
Scottish  universities,  where  he  also  took  a  course  in  medicine, 
and  then  studied  theology  with  John  Brown,  of  Haddington; 
was  licensed  and  ordained  by  the  Burgher  Ch.  in  Ireland; 
came  to  America  in  1807,  and  was  pastor  of  Lower  Chance- 
ford  and  Hopewell,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  from  Jan.  i,  1808,  till 
his  death,  in  Sept.,  '12. '  He  added  the  practice  of  medicine 
to  a  certain  degree  to  his  clerical  duties,  and  was  held  in  high 
estimation  for  his  learning  and  consistent  piety. 

WILSON,  Matthew  Henderson  (A.  R.)*: 

Grandson  of  the  Rev.  Matthew  Henderson,  Jr. ;  was  born 
Sept.  16,  1820,  near  Elizabeth,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1842,  and  studied 
theology'  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1845,  ^Y  Blairs- 
ville  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  20,  '48,  by  the  same;  pastor  of 
Jacksonville,  Olivet  and  Smyrna,  Armstrong  and  Indiana 
counties.  Pa.,  June,  1848-Ap.,  '57;  was,  in  Ap.,  1857,  elected 
President  of  Madison  College,  at  Antrim,  O.,  and  entered 
immediately  upon  its  duties,  but  things  did  not  promise  as 
he  had  expected,  and  in  the  autumn  of  the  same  year  was 
recalled  and  reinstalled  in  his  old  charge.  After  the  union 
of  1858,  in  the  adjustment  of  charges,  he  resigned  Olivet  in 
'59  and  took  Crete.     Died  Nov.  30,  1862,  from  consumption. 

WILSON,  Samuel,  D.  D.  (A.)*: 

Son  of  the  Rev.  William;  was  born  May  5,  1806,  in  Alle- 
gheny Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1824,  ^^^ 
studied  theology  at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug.  16,  1829, 
by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  27,  '31,  by  Miami; 
pastor  at  Xenia,  O.,  Ap.,  1831-Mar.  18,  '56;  Prof,  of  Hebrew 
and  of  Didactic,  Polemic  and  Pastoral  Theology  in  the  Sem, 
at  Xenia  1855-' 77.     Died  Sept.  5,  1887. 

WILSON,  Thomas  (A.): 

Was  born  in  June,  1799,  most  probably  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in  1826,  and  studied  theology 
at  Canonsburg;  was  licensed  Aug.  7,  1832,  by  Chartiers  Pres., 


652  THE   MINISTRY. 

and  ordained  Sept.  16,  1835,  by  Muskingum;  was  at  ordina- 
tion installed  over  Sandy,  Carmel  and  North  Union,  in  Carroll 
Co.,  O. ;  soon  resigned  Sandy,  and  also  Carmel  about  1842, 
and  finally  N.  Union  in  '50;  remained  without  charge,  and 
in  Dec,  1876,  transferred  his  ecclesiastical  connection  to  the 
residuary  Asso.  Synod,  and  has  long  had  his  home  at  An- 
napolis, O. 

WILSON,  Thomas  Jefferson: 

Brother  of  William  L. ;  was  born  Jan.  20,  1838,  near 
Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and 
studied  theolog}'  at  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  15,  1862,  by 
Chartiers,  and  ordained  May  5,  '64,  by  Michigan;  pastor  at 
Martin,  Mich.,  May,  1864-Aug.,  '68;  sent  as  missionary  to 
Salem,  Oregon.  After  serving  two  years  he  went  on  account 
of  his  health  to  Willow  Creek,  Wasco  Co.,  bought  a  ranche, 
and  went  to  cattle  raising.  Here  he  remained  until  Dec, 
1875,  except  thirteen  months  at  Waitsburg,  Washington 
Territory,  by  appointment  of  the  Home  Board.  During  his 
residence  on  Willow  Creek  he  held  religious  services  regularly 
on  the  Sabbath  in  private  houses,  school-houses,  etc,  and  for 
two  years  preached  once  or  twice  per  month  to  the  Indians 
of  the  Warm  Spring  reservation  with  good  success.  In  1876 
he  returned  to  Willamette  Valley,  and  has  been  pastor  of 
Halsey  and  Brownsville,  Linn  Co.,  Ore.,  since  1877. 

WILSON,  WiLUAM  (A.)*: 

Was  born  about  1770  in  Ireland;  received  his  literary  train- 
ing in  Glasgow,  Scotland;  came  to  America  in  1791  or  '92, 
and  was  the  first  theological  student  that  studied  with  Dr. 
John  Anderson  at  Service;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1796,  by  the 
Asso.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained  in  1800  by  the 
same;  was  installed  at  ordination  over  the  congregations  of 
Monteurs,  Flaugherty's  Run  and  Noblestown.  In  a  few 
years  he  was  released  from  Flaugherty's,  and  in  '30  from 
Noblestown;  Monteurs  was  now  divided  into  Clinton  and 
Robinson,  and  these  he  served  until  death,  in  May,  1842. 

WILSON,  William  Archibald*: 

Was  born  Aug.  15,  1852,  in  Tipton  Co.,  Tenn. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Erskine,  S.  C,  in  1872,  and  studied  theology  in  the 


THE   MINISTRY.  653 

Asso.  Ref.  Sem.  at  Due  West;  was  licensed  July  20,  1874,  by 
Arkansas  Pres.,  (A.  R.,)  and  ordained  Aug.  9,  '75,  by  the 
same;  labored  as  Home  Missionary  in  Arkansas,  Virginia  and 
Missouri  for  four  years  under  the  direction  of  the  Asso.  Ref 
Synod  of  the  South;  joined  the  Wheeling  Pres.  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church,  Ap.  13,  1880,  and  was  pastor  at  Buch- 
anan Hill,  Marshall  Co.,  West  Va.,  from  Dec.  i,  1880,  until 
his  death,  Nov.  i,  1881. 

WILSON,  William  Hamilton  (A.): 

Was  born  near  Clinton,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1847,  ^"^  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  Oct.  29,  1850,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained 
in  Aug.,  '52,  by  Miami;  pastor  at  Washington,  la.,  Sept., 
1853-Sept.,  '69;  Salinas  City,  Cal.,  1869-73;  joined  the 
Presbyterian  Ch. ,  and  is  now  at  The  Dalles,  Oregon. 
WILSON,  William  Lindsey*: 

Was  born  Mar.  16,  1834,  near  Canonsburg;  was  graduated 
at  Union  in  1855,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg  and 
Xenia;  was  licensed  July  15,  1858,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and 
ordained  Sept.  25,  '59,  by  Frankfort;  pastor  of  Ohio  and  Rac- 
coon, Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1859-Ap.  16,  '62;  died  in  Dec, 
1862  from  consumption. 
WINEGART,  Nathan: 

Was  born  June  10,  1850,  at  Fussgoenheim,  Rhine  Bavaria, 
Germany;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1874,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  10,  1877,  ^Y  Alle- 
gheny Pres.,  and  ordained  May  7,  '78,  by  the  Lake,  as  pastor 
of  Franklin,  Utica  and  Sandy,  Venango  Co.,  Pa.;  resigned 
Franklin,  Dec.  9,  '84,  and  the  others,  Ap.  14,  '85;  pastor  of 
Neshannock  and  Oak  Grove,  Pa.,  Jan.  4,  1886- 

WINTER,  Thomas  Wead  (A.): 

Was  born  July  27,  1828,  three  miles  north  of  Xenia,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Franklin  in  1853;  studied  theology  a  season 
at  Canonsburg,  but  mainly  with  Dr.  W.  Wishart;  was  licensed 
June  18,  1856,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  10, 
'57,  by  Northern  Illinois;  labored  at  Neshannock,  Wis.,  May, 
i857-'59;  ^^^^  installed  Oct.  17,  1861,  over  Mahoning  and  the 
Harbor  in  Mercer  Pres. ;  released  from  the  Harbor  Dec.  25, 


654  THE   MINISTRY. 

'65,  and  installed  for  its  time  in  Oct.,  '66,  over  Poland,  O. ; 
was  released  Feb.  23,  '72,  from  Mahoning,  and  Aug.  18,  '72, 
from  Poland;  pastor  at  Adamsville,  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct. 
4,  1872-June  17,  '80;  East  Palestine,  O.,  1882-May  4,  '87. 

WISH  ART,  William,  D.  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  Feb.  10,  182 1,  in  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  was  gradu- 
ated at  Madison  in  1843,  and  studied  theology  at  Canonsburg; 
was  licensed  in  June,  1846,  by  Muskingum  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained Sept.  2,  '47,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Unity,  Harrison 
Co.,  O.,  Sept.,  1847-Ap.,  '68;  Ontario,  Richland  Co.,  O., 
May,  1869-June,  '''j']\  at  Haysville,  Ashland  Co.,  Mar.  17, 
i88i-Ap.  21,  '85;  was  Prof,  of  Languages  in  Franklin  College 
1 856-' 66. 
WITHERSPOON,  James  Wright,  D.  D.  : 

Was  born  May  4,  1834,  in  Robinson  Twp.,  Washington 
Co.,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1859,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny  and  Xenia;  was  licensed  Ap.  16,  1862, 
by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  15,  '63,  by  the  same; 
pastor  of  Ohio  and  Raccoon,  Beaver  Co.,  Sept.,  1863-Dec.  9, 
'66;  Fifth  Ch.,  Allegheny,  since  Aug.  6,  1867.  Has  been 
Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Freedmen's  Missions 
since  June,  1870. 
WITHERSPOON,  John  McGinness: 

Nephew  of  James  W. ;  was  born  Aug.  26,  1850,  at  Baving- 
ton,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in 
1873,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  May 
2,  1876,  by  Frankfort  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  12,  ''^']^  by 
Allegheny;  pastor  of  E.  Union,  Allegheny  Co.,  June  12, 
1877-Dec.  5,  '82. 

WOLFE,  Joseph  D.  (A.): 

Was  born  near  Washington  Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Wash- 
ington in  1842,  and  studied  theolog}^  at  Canonsburg;  was 
licensed  June  9,  1846,  by  Chartiers  Pres.,  and  ordained  in  the 
spring  of  '48  by  Shenango;  pastor  of  Slippery  Rock,  Butler 
Co.,  Pa.,  1848-May  1/  '55;  left  the  church  about  1859;  studied 
law,  and  the  last  known  of  him  was  practicing  law  in  Pensa- 
cola,  Florida. 


THE   MINISTRY.  655 

WOODBURN,  James  Skiles: 

Was  born  Oct.  29,  1837,  hear  Newville,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
at  Jefferson  in  1858,  and  studied  theologfy  at  Allegheny;  was 
licensed  Ap.  8,  1861,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained 
May  10,  '64,  by  Big  Spring;  pastor  at  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  May, 
1864-Mar.  7,  '65;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  was  pas- 
tor at  Dickinson,  Pa.,  at  Livermore,  Pa.,  and  is  now  at 
Academia,  Pa. 

WORK,  Jeremiah  Boston: 

Was  born  Jan.  22,  1855,  ^^  ^-  Mahoning,  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1882,  and  studied  theology 
at  Princeton  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Mar.  31,  1885,  by 
Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  Nov.  16,  '86,  by  Big 
Spring;  pastor  of  Tuscarora  and  Concord,  Pa.,  since  ordina- 
tion. 

WORTH,  James  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  June  13,  1800,  in  Salem  Co.,  N.  J.,  and  brought 
up  mainly  in  Hopewell,  Preble  Co.,  O. ;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1826  in  the  first  class  graduated  by  that  institution, 
and  studied  theology  in  Allegheny,  in  the  second  class  en- 
tered in  that  Seminary;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  1829,  by  First 
Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  3,  '30,  by  the  same;  was  at 
ordination  installed  over  New  Zion,  Decatur  Co.,  Ind.,  and 
Milroy;  in  a  few  years  was  released  from  the  latter,  and  from 
the  former  in  Mar.,  '52;  moved  to  Oregon  and  settled  in  Lane 
Co.,  where  he  preached  regularly  for  five  years  to  the  sur- 
rounding settlers;  supplied  Eugene  City,  the  county  seat, 
i858-'6i;  pastor  of  Union,  Brownville,  Ivinn  Co.,  Ore.,  Mar. 
I,  1862-Ap.,  '74;  retired  from  the  active  duties  of  the  min- 
istry because  of  age  and  deafness,  and  died  at  Halsey,  Ore. , 
July  18,  1881,  of  pyaemia,  resulting  from  a  wound  in  the 
foot  made  by  a  nail. 

WRIGHT,  Alexander  H.  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  in  Ireland  and  reared  in  Allegheny  Co. ,  Pa. ;  was 
graduated  at  the  Western  University  in  1838,  and  studied 
theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1841,  by  Monon- 
gahela Pres.,  and  ordained  Mar.  29,  '42,  by  the  same;  was 
pastor  at  St.   Clair,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.,  1842-Dec.  30, 


656  THE   MINISTRY. 

'46;  of  the  Jane  St.  Ch.,  New  York,  May  24,  1847-Mar.  i,  '53. 
In  1853  he  organized  a  new  church  of  two  hundred  members 
and  built  on  25th  St. ;  received  and  accepted  a  call  from  it, 
but  pending  their  building  operations  declined  installation. 
Some  trouble  arose,  and  in  the  summer  of  1856  he  returned 
the  call  to  Pres.  and  took  a  certificate  of  dismission;  joined 
the  Presbyterian  Ch. ;  became  a  teacher  in  Texas,  and  there 
died  in  1861. 

WRIGHT,  Isaac  Thomas: 

Was  born  Jan.  22,  1846,  near  Wattsville,  Carroll  Co.,  O. ; 
was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1869,  and  studied  theology 
at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  12,  1871,  by  Steubenville 
Pres.,  and  ordained  June  11,  '72,  by  Allegheny;  pastor  of 
Glade  Run,  Allegheny  Co.,  from  ordination  until  July  3, 
'81;  5th  Ch.,  Philadelphia,  since  June  12,  1882. 

WRIGPIT,  James  Park  (A.  R.): 

Born  in  Adams  Co.,  O.,  May  18,  1819;  was  graduated  at 
Miami  in  1843,  ^^^  studied  theolog\'  at  Oxford;  was  licensed 
Ap.  21,  1846,  by  First  Ohio  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  4,  '50, 
by  Michigan;  pastor  of  Rossville  and  Providence,  Clinton  Co., 
Ind.,  May,  1850-May,  '55;  Cedarville,  O.,  Ap.  1856-Ap.  24, 
'60;  accepted  a  call  to  Unity,  at  Jordan's  Grove,  111.,  in  May, 
1861,  and  returned  it  in  Oct. ;  pastor  of  Bethsaida,  at  Tipton, 
Ind.,  i862-'6;  Salem  congregation  at  Elizaville,  Ind.,  1868- 
Dec,  '70;  Mulberry,  Mo.,  1871-Sept.,  74;  S.  S.  at  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  i874-'5;  teacher  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  i875-'7;  S.  S. 
at  Topeka,  Kan.,  1878;  joined  the  Presbyterian  Ch.,  and  is  at 
Prairie  Home,  111. 

WRIGHT,  Joseph  Harrison: 

Was  born  July  19,  1849,  i^^  Mullagreenan,  county  Mona- 
ghan,  Ireland;  was  graduated  at  Union  in  1871,  and  studied 
theology  two  years  at  Union  Seminary,  New  York,  and  one 
at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  29,  1874,  by  Delaware  Pres., 
and  ordained  May  25,  '75,  by  the  same;  pastor  at  Davenport, 
Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May.,  1875-Jan.  21,  79;  Fifth  Ch., 
Philadelphia,  May  5,  1879-Dec.  '80;  First  Ch.,  Xenia,  O. ; 
since  Jan.  28,  1881. 


THE   MINISTRY.  gey 

WRIGHT,  Wait*: 

Was  born  Mar.  14,  1830,  in  Cornwall,  Addison  Co.,  Vt. ; 
was  mostly  self-educated,  and  studied  theology  at  Xenia;  was 
licensed  Ap.  12,  1876,  by  Sidney  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  13, 
'-]-],  by  the  same;  pastor  of  Canonsburg,  Hancock  Co.,  O.,' 
for  half  time  from  ordination,  Macedon  assumed  for  quarter 
time  Feb.  2,  '78,  and  Gilead  July  2,  '79;  was  Prof  of  Mathe- 
matics in  Geneva  College,  O.,  for  three  years  previous  to 
licensure.  Died  from  heart  disease  Nov.  7,  1881. 
WRIGHT,  Wellington: 

Was  born  Jan.  23,  1829,  near  Decatur,  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  was 
graduated  at  Miami  in  1857,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford 
and  Monmouth;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1858,  by  First  Ohio 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Oct.  19,  '59,  by  Michigan;  pastor  at 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  Oct.,  1859-Mar.,  '63;  Brighton,  la.,  1865- 
June,  '69;  S.  S.  at  Lee's  Summit  and  Grand  River,  Mo., 
i87i-'4;  pastor  at  Greenwood,  Mo.,  Oct.  7,  1876-Ap.  i,  '83; 
Winchester,  Kans.,  since  Oct.  3,  1883  ;  assumed  Valley  Falls,' 
for  one-third  time  Ap.,  '86.  Publication:  Close  Communion,' 
pp.  32,  1879. 

WRIGHT,  William  (A.  R.):* 

Was  born  in  Western  Ohio;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in 
1851,  and  studied  theology  at  Oxford;  was  licensed  in  1853 
by  Springfield  Pres.,  and  ordained  Ap.  18,  '54,  by  Sidney; 
pastor  of  Quincy,  Springhill  and  Bethel,  Logan  Co.,  Ap.,' 
i854-'8;  of  Hopewell,  Perry  Co.,  111.,  1859-Oct.  '63;  pastor 
of  Gilead  at  Grand  Rapids,  Wood  Co.,  O.,  1868,  till  his  death, 
Mar.  24,  1873. 

WYATT,  Richard  Calvin: 

Was  born  in  Lincoln,  Tenn. ;  was  graduated  at  Miami  in 
1869,  and  studied  theology  at  Monmouth;  was  licensed  Ap. 
19,  187 1,  by  Monmouth  Pres.,  and  ordained  Sept.  20,  '']2, 
by  Des  Moines;  S.  S.  at  Hoopestown,  111.,  i873-'6;  pastoral 
Clifton,  O.,  Ap.,  1878-Ap.  14,  '85;  Newton,  Kan.,  1886- 

WYLIE,  Robert  Templeton: 

Was  born  Nov.  22,  1844,  at  Lagrange,  Ind.;  was  edu- 
cated at  Monmouth  and  Glasgow  University,  Scotland  and 
studied  theology  atNewburgh;  was  licensed  in  Ap.,  1871,  by 


658  THE   MINISTRY. 

Michigan  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  28,  '72,  by  Second  New 
York;  pastor  of  First  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  May,  1872-Nov.  9, 
'75;  Oxford,  Pa.,  May  31,  1877-Oct.  14,  '80;  S.  S.  in  Michi- 
gan; Newark  N.  J.,  May  25,  1885.  Passed  May  5,  1887,  to  the 
Associate  Church. 

WYLIE,  Thomas*: 

Was  born  Dec.  25,  1847,  in  Martin,  Mich, ;  was  graduated 
at  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1870,  and  studied  theology 
at  Newburgh;  was  licensed  Ap.  3,  1873,  by  First  New  York 
Pres.,  and  ordained  Jan.  26,  '75,  by  Argyle;  was  pastor  at 
Hebron,  Washington  co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.,  1875-Sept.  18,  '76; 
died  at  his  father's  home  in  Mich.,  Ap.  3,  1877,  from  con- 
sumption.    He  gave  great  promise  of  usefulness. 

WYNKOOP,  Richard  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Dec.  16,  1798,  in  New  York  city;  was  graduated 
at  Columbia  College  in  1819,  and  studied  theology  partly  at 
New  Brunswick,  but  principally  in  New  York  under  a  private 
instructor;  was  licensed  Ap.  5,  1826,  by  the  Second  Pres., 
of  New  York,  (Presbyterian,)  and  was  ordained  in  '28;  pas- 
tor at  Yorktown,  Westchester  Co.,  N.  Y.,  1828-Feb.,  '34; 
was  installed  June  25,  1834,  in  the  Presbyterian  congregation 
of  Hagerstown,  Md.  Some  matters  of  discipline  brought  the 
Session  in  collison  with  the  Presbytery,  in  consequence  ot 
which  the  pastor  and  the  mass  of  the  people  united  with  the 
Asso.  Ref.  Presbytery  of  New  York  on  the  6th  of  Mar.,  1838. 
This  congregation  originally  belonged  to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch., 
and  left  after  the  death  of  its  pastor,  John  Lind,  in  1824,  and 
all  the  elders  of  1838  had  been  ordained  in  the  A.  R.  Church. 
Mr.  Wynkoop  possessed  many  strong  elements  of  individu- 
ality. As  a  logician  he  had  very  few  superiors,  and  of  sar- 
casm he  was  a  thorough  master,  and  for  debate  he  had  a  posi- 
tive passion.  He  was  suspended  and  dismissed  from  the 
Seminary  in  New  Brunswick  because  of  his  argumentative 
annoyances  to  the  Professors,  and  when  his  church  was 
threatened  with  a  suit  in  chancery  he  prepared  himself  to 
make  the  defence  in  court.  He  was  a  man  of  stern  principle, 
and  an  ardent  and  devoted  champion  of  what  he  believed  to 
be  the  truth.     He  had  a  very  special  dislike  for  secret  socie- 


THE   MINISTRY.  659 

ties,  and  repeatedly  bearded  Masonry  in  one  of  its  strongholds. 
In  repartee  and  retort  he  was  exceedingly  ready.  The  writer 
was  present  in  Presbytery  once  when  Dr.  Duffield  made  one 
of  his  most  eloquent  and  persuasive  speeches  in  opposition  to 
Mr.  Wynkoop,  tinged  with  considerable  bitterness.  He  con- 
cluded by  turning  to  him  and  saying,  "I  admire  his  head, 
and  am  sorry  that  I  cannot  say  so  much  of  his  heart."  Mr. 
Wynkoop  immediately  started  to  his  feet,  and  in  a  very  pleas- 
ant tone  of  voice  said,  "  Mr.  Moderator,  my  head  thanks  the 
brother,  and  my  heart  forgives  him,"  and  the  effect  of  Dr. 
Duffield' s  able  speech  was  entirely  destroyed.  He  was  a  man 
of  great  integrity  of  character,  simplicity  of  manners  and 
purity  of  life.  His  last  illnesss,  sporadic  cholera,  was  so  sud- 
den and  severe  that  he  sank  rapidly,  and  a  council  of  physi- 
cians prescribed  brandy  as  a  stimulant,  but  he  positively  re- 
fused to  taste  it,  saying  that  he  was  perfectly  willing  to  die, 
but  that  he  was  not  willing  to  go  into  the  presence  of  his 
God  under  the  influence  of  strong  drink.  He  died  Ap.  5, 
1842. 

YOUNG,  Alexander  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  (A.  R.): 

Was  born  June  4,  1815,  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  brought 
in  1819  to  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at  the  Western  Univer- 
sity in  1838,  and  studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed 
Ap.  13,  1841,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  23, 
'42,  by  Steubenville;  pastor  at  St.  Clairsville,  O.,  June, 
1842-Sept.,  1857;  First  Ch.,  Monmouth,  111.,  co-pastor  with 
Dr.  D.  A.  Wallace  Jan.,  1859-June,  '60;  then  sole  pastor 
until  June,  '63;  of  the  Second  Ch.,  Monmouth,  co-pastor 
with  Dr.  Wallace  June,  1863-Oct.,  '68;  then  sole  pastor  until 
July  I,  '71;  S.  S.  for  half  time  at  Logan's  Ferry,  Pa.,  since 
Sept.,  1875.  Prof  in  the  Theo.  Sem.  in  Oxford,  in  all  de- 
partments except  Church  History,  Dec.  i,  1855-Mar.,  '58, 
supplying  also  the  Oxford  pulpit  during  the  sessions.  Trans- 
ferred with  the  Seminary  to  Monmouth,  111.,  in  Sept.,  '58, 
and  served  as  before  until  Sept.,  '64;  then  Prof  only  of  Sys- 
tematic and  Polemic  Theology  and  Homiletics  until  '74, 
when  the  Seminary  was  united  with  the  one  at  Xenia;  was 
also  Prof  of  Greek  and  Hebrew  in  Monmouth  College  1858- 
'64,  and  of  the  Evidences  of  Christianity  1864-75;  l^^s  been 


66o  THE   MINISTRY. 

Prof,  of  Pastoral  Theology  and  Apologetics  in  the  Theo.  Sem. 
in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  since  1876.  Was  Moderator  of  the  Gen- 
eral Assembly  of  1863  and  Delegate  to  the  Presbyterian  Coun- 
cil of  1884.  Publications:  An  Address  before  Franklin  Col- 
lege in  1854;  A  Paper  on  the  Massacre  of  St.  Bartholomew, 
prepared  by  direction  of  General  Assembly,  and  read  before 
it  in  1872;  Two  Sermons  in  the  Asso.  Ref.  Pulpit,  vols.  IV 
and  V. 

YOUNG,  Alexander  Imbrie: 

Was  born  Jan.  20,  1843,  ^^^^  Portersville,  Lawrence  Co., 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in  1867,  and  studied  the- 
ology at  Monmouth  and  Allegheny;  was  licensed  June  16, 
1868,  by  Allegheny  Pres.,  and  ordained  June  15,  '69,  by 
Frankfort;  pastor  at  Hookstown  and  Tumblinson  Run,  June, 
1869-May  I,  '72;  Turtle  Creek,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  3, 
1872-June  9,  '85;  McKeesport,  Pa.,  since  Dec.  20,  1886. 

YOUNG,  John  (A.  R.)*: 

Was  born  Sept.  4,  1763,  in  York  Co.,  Pa.;  was  graduated, 
taking  the  first  honor,  at  Dickinson  in  1788,  and  studied  the- 
ology under  Dr.  Nisbet,  President  of  the  College,  and  Alex- 
ander Dobbin,  of  Gettysburg;  was  licensed  Ap.  13,  1791,  by 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania,  and  ordained  Aug.  2, 
'92,  by  the  same;  was  pastor  of  Timber  Ridge  and  Old  Provi- 
dence, Rockbridge  and  Augusta  counties,  Va.,  Aug.,  1792- 
'99;  Greencastle,  West  Conecocheague  and  the  Great  Cove, 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  1799  till  his  death,  July  24,  1803.  He 
was  a  man  of  good  abilities,  of  fine  mental  culture  and  of 
afifable  manners,  and  was  always  heard  with  gladness.  As  an 
earnest  and  instructive  preacher  he  had  no  superior  in  his 
church.  The  General  Synod  was  to  organize  and  hold  its 
first  meeting  in  his  church  shortly  after  his  death.  As  he 
would  not  be  there  to  welcome  the  brethren  he  left  them  a 
charge  from  his  death  bed,  that  as  the  cause  and  truth  of 
Christ  were  committed  to  their  care  and  keeping  they  should 
be  faithful  to  their  trust,  as  they  would  have  to  give  an  ac- 
count of  their  stewardship.  This  charge  was  delivered  in  a 
very  impressive  manner  and  with  telling  effect  by  Dr.  Mason 
in  the  conclusion  of  his  opening  sermon.     His  death  was 


THE    MINISTRY.  66 1 

caused  by  a  fever  resulting  from  over-exertion  in  preaching 
three  times  in  the  open  air  on  a  very  hot  day. 
YOUNG,  John  Hugh: 

Was  born  in  Pittsburgh;  was  graduated  at  Jefferson  in 
1854;  studied  theology  at  Allegheny  and  in  Edinburgh; 
was  licensed  Dec.  30,  1857,  by  Monongahela  Pres.,  and  or- 
dained July  13,  '59,  by  Des  Moines;  was  S.  S.  and  then 
pastor  in  Des  Moines  city,  la.,  i859-'63;  joined  the  Congre- 
gational Ch. ,  and  has  long  labored  at  Ironton,  Ohio. 
YOUNG,  Robert  Gracey: 

Was  born  in  1841  near  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at 
the  Western  University  in  1867,  and  studied  theology  at  Al- 
legheny; was  licensed  June  29,  1869,  by  Monongahela  Pres., 
and  ordained  Sept.  5,  187 1,  by  Butler;  pastor  at  Brownsdale 
and  Union,  Butler  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.,  1871-May  4,  '75;  having 
some  peculiar  views  upon  Faith,  the  promise  of  the  Spirit, 
Creeds,  etc.,  he  "refused  longer  to  administer  the  sealing 
ordinances  of  the  Church  upon  the  human  creed,"  and  was 
formally  suspended  from  the  ministry  on  the  15th  of  June, 
1880,  and  resides  at  Shrewsbury,  York  Co.,  Pa. 
YOUNG,  Samuei.: 

Was  born  in  May,  1837,  near  Ramelton,  Co.  Donegal, 
Ireland;  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1863,  and  studied  theology  at  the  Ref  Pres.  Sem.  in  Phila. ; 
was  licensed  in  1866,  by  the  Ref  Pres.  Presbytery  of  Phila., 
and  ordained  May  8,  '67,  by  Chicago;  pastor  of  Bloom,  Cook 
Co.,  111.,  May,  1867-Oct.,  '74;  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  1875-Mar., 
'81;  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  in  Dec,  1881, 
and  resides  in  Allegheny. 

YOUNG,  Thomas  Wii^liam: 

Was  born  in  1849,  in  Ardara,  Co.  Donegal,  Ireland,  and 
came  to  America  in  1861;  was  educated  at  Westminster,  and 
studied  theology  at  Allegheny;  was  licensed  Ap.  9,  1878,  by 
Cleveland  Pres.,  and  ordained  May  6,  '79,  by  Butler;  pastor 
of  Mt.  Chestnut  and  White  Oak  Springs,  Butler  Co.,  Pa., 
May  6,  1879-July  8,  '84;  5th  Pittsburgh,  Dec.  27,  1884-Ap. 
5,  '87;  pastor  of  Jefferson,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa. 


662  OFFICERS  OF  THE  GENERAL  ASSEMBLY. 


Succession  of  Officers  of  the  General 
Assembly. 


MODERATORS. 

A.D.   PLACE  OF  MEETING.  NAME.  PRESBYTERY. 

1858  Pittsburgh,  Pa.   .    .  *Rev.  John  T.  Pressly,  D.  D  .  .  .  .Allegheny. 

1859  Xenia,  O *Rev.  Peter  Bullions,  D.  D    .  .  .  .  Albany. 

i860  Philadelphia,  Pa.  .  *Rev.  Joseph  Clokey,  D.  D  .  .  .  .  Xenia. 

1861  Monmouth,  111.   .    .    Rev.  R.  D.  Harper,  D.  D Xenia. 

1862  Pittsburgh,  Pa  .  .    .  *Rev.  Joseph  T.  Cooper,  D.  D  .   .    .  Philadelphia. 

1863  Xenia,  O Rev.  Alex.  Young,  D.  D.,  LL.  D  .  Monmouth. 

1864  Philadelphia,  Pa.  .  *Rev.  D.  A.  Wallace,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.Monmouth. 

1865  Washington,  la  .    .  *Rev.  John  B.  Clark,  D.  D    ....  Allegheny. 

1866  Allegheny,  Pa.   .    .  *Rev.  David  R.  Kerr,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,Monongahela. 

1867  Xenia,  O Rev.  John  B.  Dales,  D.  D    ....  Philadelphia. 

1868  Argyle,  N.  Y.  .    .    .    Rev.  James  Harper,  D.  D    .    .    .    .  ist  New  York. 

1869  Monmouth,  111.  .    .    Rev.  R.  A.  Browne,  D.  D    ....  Mercer. 

1870  Pittsburgh,  Pa .   .    .  *Rev.  T.  S.  Kendall,  D.  D    ....  Oregon. 

1871  Xenia,  O Rev.  R.  A.  McAyeal,  D.  D  .   .    ,    .  Des  Moines. 

1872  Washington,  la  .    .  *Rev.  John  S.  Easton,  D.  D.    ,    .    .  Westmoreland. 

1873  Philadelphia,  Pa.   .    Rev.  John  Y.  Scouller,  D.  D  .    .    .  ist  Ohio. 

1874  Monmouth,  111.   .    .    Rev.  John  G.  Brown,  D.  D  .   .    .    .  Monongahela. 

1875  Wooster,  O   .    .    .    .    Rev.  W.  W.  Barr,  D.  D Philadelphia. 

1876  Philadelphia,  Pa.   .    Rev.  James  Brown,  D.  D Keokuk. 

1877  Sparta,  111 Rev.  Robert  B.  Ewing,  D.  D  .    .    .  Monongahela. 

1878  Cambridge,  O  .    .    .    Rev.  S.  G.  Irvine,  D.  D Oregon. 

1879  NewWilm'g'n,  Pa.  *Rev.  William  Bruce,  D.  D  .    .   .    .  Xenia. 

1880  Xenia,  O Rev.  E.  T.  Jeffers,  D.  D Mercer. 

1881  Allegheny,  Pa .    .    .    Rev.  David  W.  Carson,  D.  D  .    .    .  Frankfort. 

1882  Monmouth,  111.   .    .    Rev.  David  Paul,  D.  D Muskingum. 

1883  Pittsburgh,  Pa.    .    .    Rev.  Wm.  H.  McMillan,  D.  D  .    .  Allegheny. 

1884  St.  Louis,  Mo  .    .    .    Rev.  William  H.  French,  D.  D  .    .  ist  Ohio. 

1885  Topeka,  Kans  .    .    .    Rev.  William  Johnston,  D.  D.  .    .  College Spr'gs. 

1886  Hamilton,  O.    .    .    .    Rev.  John  T.  Brownelle,  D.  D  .    .  Chartiers. 

1887  Philadelphia,  Pa.  .    Rev.  Matthew  M.  Gibson,  D.  D.  .  San  Francisco. 

PRINCIPAL   CLERKS. 

1858  *Rev.  Samuel  Wilson,  D.  D.,        1866  *Rev.  J.  Prestley,  D.  T).,protem., 

1859  *Rev.  James  Prestley,  D.  D.,         1S67  *Rev.  J.  T.  Cooper,  D.  D., 
1863  *Rev.  J.  T.  Cooper,  D.  D.,  1875     Rev.  W.  J.  Reid,  D.  D. 

SECOND   CLERK. 
1868     Rev.  A.  G.  Wallace,  D.  D. 

TREASURER. 

1859    James  McCandlass. 

*  Deceased. 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  663 


Boards  of  the  Church. 


THE  BOARD  OF  HOME  MISSIONS. 

THE  Associate  and  the  Associate  Reformed  Churches  were 
always  aggressive  in  spirit,  and  did  all  they  could  with 
the  men  and  means  at  their  command  to  cultivate  their  do- 
mestic missionary  field.  And  God  blessed  both  of  them  in 
their  labors  and  doubled  their  numbers  repeatedly.  When 
the  General  Assembly  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church 
organized  its  beneficent  agencies  in  1859,  prominent  among 
them  was  a  Board  of  Home  Missions.  The  constitution  then 
adopted  has  been  changed  and  modified  so  that  it  consists  now 
of  nine  members,  three  being  elected  by  the  Assembly  every 
year,  and  located  at  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  In  1874  this  Board  was 
chartered  by  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature,  and  its  duty  is  to 
"  carry  out  the  measures  adopted  by  the  General  Assembly 
from  year  to  year;  to  take  general  supervision  and  control  of 
the  work;  to  meet  emergencies  arising  during  the  year,  and 
to  make  safe  and  proper  investment  of  all  funds  intended  by 
the  donors  or  ordered  by  the  General  Assembly  to  be  in- 
vested." Its  special  duty  "is  to  carr}^  out  the  plan  of  opera- 
tions recommended  by  the  general  committee,  and  revised 
and  adopted  by  the  General  Assembly."  It  is  the  executive 
committee  of  the  general  committee. 

This  General  Committee  is  composed  of  one  delegate  from 
each  Presbytery  of  the  church,  elected  annually  by  the  Pres- 
bytery, and  meets  annually  at  or  near  the  place  appointed  for 
the  meeting  of  the  Assembly  seven  working  days  before  the 
session  of  the  Assembly  begins.  Its  duty  is  to  make  an  an- 
nual distribution  of  the  men  and  means  placed  at  its  disposal, 
and  take  action  upon  any  other  matter  affecting  the  cause  of 
Home  Missions.  The  General  Assembly  reviews  and  con- 
firms its  work.     Each  Presbytery  nominates  to  the  Assembly 


664  BOARDS  OF  THE   CHURCH. 

one  of  its  members  as  the  Superintendent  of  Missions,  whose 
duty  it  is  to  see  that  the  action  of  the  Board  is  promptly  and 
vigorously  carried  out  within  the  bounds  of  his  Presbytery. 

The  system  is  simple  and  has  proved  to  be  efficient  and 
economical  in  opening  up  new  fields,  in  strengthening  exist- 
ing organizations,  and  in  bringing  unsettled  ministers  and 
vacant  congregations  into  communication  with  each  other. 


THE  BOARD  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS. 

In  1796  the  Young  Men's  Missionary  Society  of  New  York 
was  organized  with  special  reference  to  the  evangelization  of 
the  American  Indians  then  and  even  yet  resident  in  central 
and  western  New  York.  This  society  was  mainly  composed 
of  ministers  and  members  of  the  Presbyterian,  the  Reformed 
Dutch  and  the  Associate  Reformed  Churches,  and  one  of  the 
oldest  ministers  of  the  latter  was  for  several  years  one  of  its 
missionaries.  When  the  "American  Board  of  Commissioners 
for  Foreign  Missions  was  organized,  1810,  a  number  of  the 
ministers,  and  members  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church 
became  liberal  and  active  supporters  of  it  in  sending  the  gos- 
pel to  the  heathen. 

But  it  was  not  until  the  year  1834  that  any  branch  of  the 
Associate  Reformed  Church  entered  upon  the  foreign  work  in 
a  church  capacity.  In  that  year  the  Synod  of  New  York 
' '  fully  recognized  it  as  a  present  duty  to  engage  in  this  work, ' ' 
and  directed  the  congregations  under  its  care  to  make  it  a 
matter  of  special  prayer  at  their  monthly  concerts  of  prayer, 
and  also  to  form  congregational  societies  for  the  collection  of 
funds.  For  the  sake  of  economy  in  the  local  expenses  on  the 
foreign  field,  it  was  agreed  to  cooperate  for  the  present  with 
the  ' '  Western  Foreign  Missionary  Society ' '  of  the  Presbyte- 
rian Church,  located  at  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  The  Rev.  James 
McEwen,  of  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  was  appointed  as  mis- 
sionary to  go  to  some  place  in  Northern  India,  to  be  selected 
by  himself.  He  and  his  wife  sailed  Nov.  16,  1835,  in  com- 
pany with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Campbell,  of  the  Reformed  Presby- 
terian Church,  destined  for  the  same  field,  and  the  Rev. 
Messrs.  Winslow  and  Dwight,  of  the  Ceylon  ]\Iission.     This 


BOARDS  OF  THE  CHURCH.  665 

missionary  band  began  their  work  at  sea,  by  keeping  up  a 
daily  religious  service,  which  resulted  in  such  a  revival  or 
religion  that  there  were  but  few  sailors  aboard  the  ship  that 
remained  unconverted  when  they  arrived  at  Calcutta.  Mr. 
McEwen's  constitution  was  not  suited  to  the  debilitating 
climate  of  India,  and  he  immediately  suffered  a  severe  attack 
of  illness.  He  rallied,  however,  and  proceeded  to  Allahabad, 
where  he  located  and  met  with  immediate  success  in  the 
gatheringof  a  school  and  the  organization  of  a  church  among 
those  who  were  employed  by  the  government  and  could 
speak  the  English  language.  He  was  able  to  remain  only  a 
little  more  than  one  year,  when  his  health  failed  so  com- 
pletely that  it  was  with  difficulty  he  could  get  out  of  the 
country.  He  arrived  at  home  in  1838,  still  feeble,  and  re- 
signed his  appointment. 

In  1844  the  General  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West 
resolved  to  establish  a  mission  in  Syria,  with  special  reference 
to  the  Jews,     During  the  following  winter  the  Rev.  James 
Baruett  and  his  brother-in-law,  J.  G.  Paulding,  M.  D.,  and 
wife,  went  out  with  discretionary  power  to  select  their  own 
location.     They  fixed  upon  Damascus,  with  its  one  hundred 
and  twenty  thousand  inhabitants,  eight  thousand  of  whom 
were  descendants  of  Abraham,  and  here  addressed  themselves 
"to  the  Jew  first  and  the  Gentile  also."     This  mission  was 
strengthened  by  the  addition  of  the  Rev.  Gulian  Lansing  and 
wife,  of  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  and  the  Rev.   James  A. 
Frazier  and  wife,  of  Michigan  Pres.,  in  1851,  and  Miss  Sarah 
B.   Dales,  of  Philadelphia,  in  1854;  the  Rev.  John  Crawford 
and  wife,  of  the  Pres.  of  Washington,  and  Alexander  Hattie, 
M.  p.,  in  1857.     'I'hey  had  also  the  assistance  of  Irish  and 
Scotch  missionaries  until  the  massacre  of  i860,  when  some 
were  slain  and  others  compelled  to  flee.     The  mission  was 
feebly  rebuilt  and  finally  transferred  in   1878  to  the  Presby- 
terian Church  of  Ireland.     This  mission  had  many  difficulties 
to  contend  with,  and  yet  its  success  was  very  encouragino-; 
first  with   the  Jews,  or  rather  Jewesses,  and  afterward  with 
those  of  the  native  Syrian  churches. 

In  1853  Mr.  Barnett  was  detached  from  the  mission  in  Da- 
mascus and  sent  down  to  Egypt  to  start  a  mission  in  the  city 
42 


666  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH, 

of  Cairo.  He  was  there  joined  in  1854  by  the  Rev.  Thomas 
McCague  and  wife,  of  the  Pres.  of  Chillicothe.  Ill  health 
compelled  Mr.  Lansing  to  leave  Syria  in  1857,  and  he  located 
in  Alexandria,  in  Egypt,  where  he  found  Mr,  John  Hogg,  a 
theological  student,  who  had  been  seen  hither  the  previous 
year  by  a  society  in  Scotland  to  establish  a  Protestant  school. 
Miss  Dales  followed  from  Syria  in  i860,  and  quite  a  number 
of  male  and  female  missionaries  have  been  sent  out  at  differ- 
ent times  from  the  U.  S.  until  now  there  are  stations  scattered 
all  along  from  Mansoora  to  the  first  cataract  on  the  Nile. 

In  the  book  department  this  mission  in  1886  disposed  of 
9,651  volumes  of  the  scriptures,  8,993  religious  publications, 
19,173  educational  works,  or  a  total  of  37,817  volumes,  for 
which  $8,107,  were  received. 

There  is  a  training  college  at  Asyoot  with  160  scholars, 
one-half  of  which  are  boarders;  and  for  several  years  there 
have  been  about  ten  students  in  the  theological  seminary. 

In  1842  the  Synod  of  the  Associate  Church  concluded  to 
establish  a  mission  in  South  America,  and  sent  out  the  Rev, 
Joseph  Banks  to  explore  the  field.  His  report  to  the  Synod 
in  1843,  ^^  favor  of  the  Island  of  Trinidad,  was  adopted,  and 
he  and  the  Rev.  David  Gordon  and  wife  and  their  niece, 
Miss  Beveridge,  sailed  in  the  summer  of  1843,  and  selected 
Savanne  Grande  as  the  place  of  their  operations.  They 
erected  a  church  and  a  dwelling  house,  and  were  joined  by 
Mr.  G.  Kerr,  of  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  as  a  farmer,  with  a  view 
of  subserving  the  mission  work.  The  promise  of  early  suc- 
cess was  good,  when  Mr.  Gordon  was  called  away  by  death 
in  Dec,  1844,  and  Mr.  Kerr  soon  afterward,  and  Mrs.  Gor- 
don and  Miss  Beveridge  felt  constrained  to  return  home. 
In  Sept.,  1845,  the  Rev.  John  Scott  took  Mr.  Gordon's 
place,  but  was  not  allowed  by  the  physicians  there  to  attempt 
to  stay  through  the  coming  summer,  and  so  returned  in 
May  following.  In  June,  1847,  M^-  Andrew  Thompson  of 
Pittsburgh,  went  to  the  mission  as  a  teacher,  accompanied 
by  his  wife,  but  they  returned  in  1848.  No  other  missionary 
could  be  gotten,  and  in  the  spring  of  1851  ill  health  compelled 
Mr.  Banks  finally  to  leave  the  field.  In  June,  1851,  the  Rev. 
W.  H.  Andrew  and  wife  and  sister-in-law.  Miss  McCall,  sailed 


BOARDS  OF  THE   CHURCH.  667 

for  Trinidad,  but  lie  found  the  missionary  buildings  so  dilapi- 
dated as  to  need  rebuilding,  and  the  ground  measurably  oc- 
cupied by  the  Free  Church  of  Scotland.  Reporting  these 
things  to  the  Board,  he  returned  in  accordance  with  its  advice 
in  October  of  the  same  year,  having  left  the  mission  in 
charge  of  a  neighbor,  the  Rev.  Francis  Church,  of  the  Free 
Church  of  Scotland.  In  1854  Mr.  Church  resigned  and  came 
to  this  country  for  the  sake  of  a  more  northern  climate.  The 
mission  then  became  a  joint  mission  with  the  Free  Church 
and  in  1867  was  transferred  to  the  Presbyterian  Church  of 
the  Lower  Provinces. 

In  consequence  of  their  poor  success  in  Trinidad  the  Asso- 
ciate Synod  resolved  in  1853  to  establish  a  mission  in  Hin- 
doostan,  and  in  Sept.,  1854,  the  Rev.  Andrew  Gordon,  ac- 
companied by  his  wife,  child  and  sister,  Miss  Elizabeth,  sailed 
for  Calcutta.  They  located  at  the  city  of  Sialkot,  in  the 
Punjaub.  During  the  next  summer  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Steven- 
son and  wife  and  the  Rev.  R.  H.  Hill  and  wife  departed  for 
the  same  field,  and  in  Dec,  1856,  these  three  brethren  con- 
stituted themselves  into  the  Presbytery  of  Sialkot.  Other 
missionaries  followed  from  time  to  time,  until  now  it  is  a 
well  established  and  prosperous  mission,  spreading  over  a 
considerable  part  of  the  Punjaub. 

The  General  Assembly  of  1859,  ordered  the  establishment 
of  a  mission  in  China,  and  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Nevin  and  wife 
located  themselves  in  Canton  in  i860.  The  Rev.  Joseph 
McKelvey  and  wife  joined  them  in  1868,  but  he  remained 
only  two  years,  and  Miss  M.  E.  Galbraith  was  with  the  mis- 
sion during  the  winter  of  1875.  For  various  reasons  this 
mission  was  withdrawn  in  1878  from  China  and  established 
in  California  for  the  benefit  of  the  Chinese  there,  and  is  now 
carried  on  by  Mr.  Nevin  in  Los  Angeles  with  the  aid  of  two 
or  three  teachers. 


668  BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH. 

SUMMARY  OF  FOREIGN  MISSIONS. 

(1886) 

Stations 121 

Foreign  Missionaries 16 

Unmarried  Female  Missionaries 20 

Native  Ordained  Missionaries 20 

Total  of  Native  Laborers 375 

"       All  Laborers 429 

Organized  Churches 31 

Native  Communicants 6,161 

Sabbath  Schools 138 

"       Scholars 5,625 

Other  Schools 192 

"     Scholars 9,219. 

VALUE  OF  MISSION  PROPERTY. 

In  India ^27,500 

In  Egypt 208,200 

Total #325,  700 

MISSIONARIES. 

Names,  Places.  Entered.   Removed.        Died. 

Alexander,  Rev.  J.  R.  Asyoot,  Egypt.  1875 

Alexander,  Mrs.  C.  "              "  1876 

Andrew,  Rev.  W.  H.  Trinidad.  1851     185 1  March  30,  1879. 

Andrew,  Mrs.  "  1851     1851 

Banks,  Rev.  Joseph  "  1843     1853  April  26,  1859. 

Barnett  Rev   Tames  i  Damascus,  Syria.  1846     1855 

Barnett,  Kev.  James  \  Cairo,  Egypt.  1854     1875  Oct.  2,  1884. 

Barnett,  Mrs.  Margaret  L.  "             "  1866     1875 

Barr,  Rev.  James  S.  Sialkot,  India.  1861 

Barr,  Mrs.  Mary  "            "  1861 

Caldwell,  Rev.  A.  B.  Gurdaspur,  India.  1881 

Caldwell,  Mrs.  Amelia  M.  "   "            "  1881 

Crawford,  Rev.  John  Damascus,  Syria.  1857     1878 

Crawford,  Mrs.  Mary  B.  "                "  1857     1878 

Currie,  Rev.  Ebenezer  Alexandria,  Egj'pt.  1865              Oct.  18,  1869. 

Currie,  Mrs.  Nettie  "                "  1865              March  9,  1866. 

Ewing,  Rev.  S.  C.  "                 "  1860 

Ewing,  Mrs.  Catharine  A.  "                "  i860 

Finney,  Rev.  T.  J.  Cairo,  Egypt.  1882 

Finney,  Mrs.  Nannie  "             "  1882 

Frazier,  Rev.  James  A.  Damascus,  Syria.  1851              Aug.  30,  1863. 

Frazier,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  "               "  1851               July  29,  1851. 

Frazier,  Mrs.  Joanna  "               "  1854     1863 

Gordon,  Rev.  Andrew  Sialkot,  India.  1855               Aug.  13,  1887. 

Gordon,  Mrs.  "             "  1855 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH. 


669 


MISSIONARIES— Continued. 


Names. 
Gordon,  David 
Gordon,  Mrs. 
Gordon,  Mr.  J.  W. 
Gordon,  Mrs.  Eleanor  J. 
Giffen,  Rev.  John 
Giffen,  Mrs.  E.  E. 
Giffen,  Rev.  J.  K. 
Giffen,  Mrs.  Grace 
Hattie,  M.  D.,  Alexander 
Harvey,  Rev.  William 
Harvey,  Mrs.  Henrietta  M. 
Hill,  Rev.  R.  A. 
Hill,  Mrs. 
Hogg,  Rev.  John 
Hogg,  Mrs.  Bessie 
Johnston,  M.  D.,  D.  R. 
Johnston,  Mrs.  Maggie  J. 
Kerr,  Mr.  G. 

Lansing,  Rev.  G. 

Lansing,  Mrs.  Maria  G. 

Lansing,  Mrs.  Sarah  B. 
Lansing,  M.  D.,  E.  E. 
Lansing,  Mrs. 
Lytle,  Rev.  D.  S. 
Lytle,  Mrs.  Isabella 
McCague,  Rev.  Thos. 
McCague,  Mrs. 
McKee,  Rev.  J.  P. 
McKee,  Mrs.  Margaret 
McKelvey,  Rev.  Joseph 
McKelvey,  Mrs.  Adelaide 
Martin,  Rev.  Samuel 
Martin,  Mrs.  Lydia  L. 
Murch,  Chauncey 
Murch,  Mrs,  Amelia  S. 
Nichol,  Rev.  A.  M. 
Nichol,  Mrs.  Emma  C. 
Nevin,  Rev.  J.  C. 
Nevin,  Mrs.  Amanda  S. 
Nevin,  Mrs.  Kate 
Paulding,  M.  D.,  J.  G. 
Paulding,  Mrs. 
Patterson,  M.  D.,  Rev.  J.  F. 
Patterson,  Mrs.  Isabella 
Pinkerton,  Rev.  B.  F. 
Pinkerton,  Mrs.  Fidelia 
Rule,  Rev.  A.  H. 
Rule,  Mrs.  Jennie  M. 
Scott,  Rev.  John 
Scott,  Mrs. 
Scott,  Rev.  T.  L. 
Scott,  Mrs.  Mary  A. 
Scott,  Mrs.  Anna  E. 
Stevenson,  Rev.  E.  H. 
Stevenson,  Mrs. 
Stewart,  Rev.  Robert 
Stewart,  Mrs.  Eliza  F. 


Places. 

Entered. 

Removed.        Died. 

Trinidad. 

1843 

1844  Dec.  24,  1844. 

" 

1843 

1844 

Sialkot,  India. 

1866 

187I 

"             " 

1866 

187I 

Asyoot,  Egypt. 

1875 
1883 
1881 
1881 

Damascus,  Syria. 

1857 

i860 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1865 
1865 

Sialkot,  India. 

1856 

1863 

"             " 

1856 

1863  June  10,  1875. 

Asyoot,  Egypt. 

i860 
i860 

Feb.  27,  1886. 

"             " 

1868 

1875 

II             II 

1868 

1875 

Trinidad. 

1844 

1845  1845.      ,    . 

r  Damascus,  Syria. 
\  Cairo,  Egyyt. 

1851 

1857 

1857 

/  Damascus,  Syria. 
\  Cairo,  Egypt. 

185I 

1857 

^857 

July  5,  1865. 

11             11 

1866 

Asyoot,  Egypt. 

1884 
1884 

Sialkot,  India. 

1881 
1881 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1854 

1861 

11             11 

1854 

1861 

Gujranwala,  India. 

1870 
1870 

Canton,  China. 

1868 

1870 

"             " 

1868 

Nov.  20,  1868. 

Zafarwal,  India. 

1866 

II             11 

1866 

Dec.  3,  1886. 

Luxor,  Egypt. 

1883 
1883 

Monsoora,  Egypt. 

1874 

1884 

11                 11 

1874 

1883 

Canton,  China. 

i860 

1878 

"             " 

i860 

Sept.  27,  1867. 

11             II 

1869 

1878 

Damascus,  Syria. 

1845 

1856  April  30,  1875. 

"                " 

1S45 

1856 

11.                      u 

1872 

1877  March  23,  1882, 

II                11 

1872 

1877 

Alexandria,  Egypt. 

1865 

1869 

II              11 

1865 

1869  1871. 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1872 

1873 

II             II 

1871 

1873 

Trinidad. 

1845 

1846  Aug.  4,  1877. 

" 

1845 

1846 

Jhelum,  India. 

1874 

"             " 

1874 

Oct.  25,  1880. 

II             1. 

1882 

Sialkot,      " 

1856 

1863  Sept.  15,  1879. 

"             " 

1856 

1863 

II             i< 

1881 

•  1             << 

1881 

670 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 


MISSIONARIES— Continued. 

Places.  Entered.     Removed. 


Died. 


Strang,  Rev.  David 

Egypt. 

1866 

1876 

Strang,  Mrs.  Gemella 

1866 

1876 

Thompson,  Mr.  Andrew 

Trinidad. 

1847 

1849 

Watson,  Rev.  Andrew 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1861 

Watson,  Mrs.  Margaret 

" 

1861 

UNMARRIED    FEMALE  MISSIONARIES. 

Names. 

Places. 

Entered. 

Removed. 

Died. 

Anderson,  Miss  Emma  D. 

Jhelum,  India. 

1881 

Beveridge,  Miss  Margaret  A 

.  Trinidad. 

1843 

1884 

Brown,  Miss  Adella  A. 

Luxor,  Egypt. 

1886 

Campbell,  Miss  T.  M. 

Alexandria,  Egypt. 

1870 

1878 

Calhoun,  Miss  Eliza 

Gujranwala,  India. 

1869 

1884 

Campbell,  Miss  Mary  J. 

Zafarwal,             " 

1884 

Conner,  Miss  Harriet  M. 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1880 

Corbett,  Miss  Kate  M. 

Zafarwal,  India. 

1886 

Dales,  Miss  Sarah  B. 

/  Damascus,  Syria, 
t  Cairo,  Egypt. 

1854 
i860 

i860 

Frazier,  Miss  Mary  A. 

/  Damascus,  Syria. 
\  Alexd'a,  Egypt. 

1876 
1878 

1877 

Galbraith,  Miss  M.  E. 

Canton,  China. 

1875 

1876 

Galloway,  Miss  M.  E. 

Egypt. 

1875 

Oct. 

15,  1881. 

Gordon,  Miss  Elizabeth  G. 

Sialkot,  India. 

1854 

Gordon,  Miss  Euphie  E. 

Gurdaspur,  India. 

1881 

Given,  Miss  Anna  F. 

Jhelum,  India. 

1886 

Hart,  Miss  Sarah 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1861 

June 

28,  1869. 

Johnston,  Miss  Eliza  F. 

"             " 

1869 

i88i 

Kyle,  Miss  Ella  O. 

Asyoot,      ' ' 

1883 

Lockhart,  Miss  Maggie  G. 

"            " 

1874 

1877  June 

6,  1882. 

McCahon,  Miss  Elizabeth 

Sialkot,  India. 

1875 

McCall,  Miss 

Trinidad. 

185I 

1851 

McCuUough,  Miss  Rosa  A. 

Gujranwala,  India. 

1879 

McKown,  Miss  Martha  J. 

Asyoot,  Egypt. 

1861 

Newlin,  Miss  Elizabeth  E. 

"             " 

1880 

Smith,  Miss  Margaret  A. 

Cairo,  Egypt. 

1872 

Strang,  Miss  Isabella 

Monsoora,  Egypt. 

1878 

Strang,  Miss  Matilda 

Alexandria,      " 

1886 

Thompson,  Miss  Anna  Y. 

Cairo,                ' ' 

187I 

Welsh,  Miss  M.  E. 

Sialkot,  India. 

1869 

1872 

White,  Miss  Josephine  L,. 

Jhelum,       " 

1884 

Wilson,  Miss  Cynthia  E. 

Gujranwala,  India. 

1875 

Wilson,  Miss  Rosa  T. 

"               " 

1886 

White,  Maria,  M.  D. 

Sialkot,  India. 

1886 

BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  67 1 

FEMALE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARIES.* 
MRS.  CARRIE  (ELDER)  ALEXANDER: 

Was  born  Jan.  7,  1855,  near  Galion,  O. ;  was  educated  at 
Ohio  Central  College,  and  taught  three  years;  sailed  Oct.  19, 
1876,  for  the  Egyptian  mission;  was  married  in  Cairo,  Nov.' 
25,  1876,  to  the  Rev.  J.  R.  Alexander.  Her  station  is  Assiout. 
MISS  EMMA  DEAN  ANDERSON: 

Daughter  of  James  and  Margaret  Anderson;  was  born  Sept. 
5,  1857,  in  Butler  Co.,  Pa. ;  united  when  fifteen  years  old  with 
the  Glade  Run  Ch.,  taught  school  for  some  time,  and  sailed 
Aug.  30,  1 88 1,  for  India,  and  has  charge  of  the  Girls'  School 
at  Jhelum. 

MRS.  MARY  (BLACK)  BARR: 

Was    born    Nov.    20,    1833,    "ear   Canonsburg,    Pa.;    was 
married  June  27,  1861,  to  the  Rev.  James  S.  Barr,  and  sailed 
with  him  in  Oct.  of  the  same  year  for  India.     She  has  been 
principally  located  at  Sialkot  and  Zafarwal. 
MRS.  MARGARET  LEES  BARNETT: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  Jackson  Duff;  was  born  Sept.  9,  1843; 
studied  at  the  Female  Institute,  Oxford,  O. ;  was  married 
June  20,  1865,  to  the  Rev.  James  Barnett,  D.  D.,  and  sailed 
for  the  Egyptian  mission  Oct.  2,  1865.  Retired  from  it  in 
1875,  and  resides  at  Emporia,  Kansas. 
MISS  ADELLA  BROWN: 

Was  born  June  2,  1859,  in  Perry  Co.,  111.,  and  was  educated 
at  the  Normal  College,  Carbondale,  111.;  sailed  Sept.  15,  1886, 
for  Egypt,  and  is  assigned  to  Luxor. 
MRS.  AMELIA  MARGARET  CALDWELL: 

Daughter  of  Jacob  and  Barbara  Eckert;  was  born  Nov.  19, 
1858,  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.,  and  educated  at  the  Pittsburgh 
High  School;  joined  the  Valley  Presbyterian  Ch.  when  fifteen 
years  old;  was  married  Ap.  13,  1881,  to  the  Rev.  A.  B.  Cald- 
well, and  sailed  on  the  26th  of  May  following  for  the  mission 
in  India. 

*NoTE. — For  the  personal  items  of  the  Male  Foreij,ai  Missionaries  see 
the  appropriate  places  in  the  "Ministry."  The  following  sketches  of  the 
Female  Missionaries  are  from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Dales,  Secretary 
of  the  Foreign  Board. 


672  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

MISS  ELIZA  CALHOUN: 

Daughter  of  Johnson  and  Isabella  Calhoun ;  was  born  Jan. 
5,  1845,  "^^^  Hookstown,  Beaver  Co.,  Pa= ;  united  with  the 
church  when  seventeen  years  old,  and  was  graduated  at 
Westminster  in  1869;  sailed  for  the  mission  in  India  Oct.  30, 
1869,  and  has  labored  principally  at  Gujranwala.  In  Jan., 
1884,  she  married  Rev.  Mr.  Carleton,  of  the  Presbyterian 
Mission,  and  is  laboring  under  the  care  of  their  Board. 

MISS  MARY  J.  CAMPBELL: 

Daughter  of  William  and  Margaret  Campbell,  both  long 
since  dead;  was  born  Sept.  12,  1865,  near  Biggsville,  111.; 
sailed  Nov.  12,  1884,  for  India,  and  is  stationed  at  Zafarwal. 

MISS  THERESA  M.  CAMPBELL: 

Daughter  of  William  and  Ann  Campbell,  and  granddaugh- 
ter of  the  Rev.  William  McAuley;  was  born  May  21,  1847,  i^ 
North  Harpersfield,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  at 
Mt.  Holyoke  Female  Seminary,  Mass. ;  united  first  with  the 
Congregational  Ch.  at  South  Hadley,  Mass.,  and  afterward 
with  the  United  Presbyterian  at  North  Harpersfield;  sailed  in 
Oct.,  1870,  for  the  mission  in  Egypt;  returned  on  account  of 
impaired  health  and  resigned  in  1878. 

MISS  HATTIE  MEREDITH  CONNER: 

Daughter  of  Cornelius  and  Elizabeth  Conner,  and  grand- 
daughter of  the  late  Rev.  William  Conner:  was  born  Feb.  23, 
1858,  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa. ;  early  united  with  the  Third 
United  Presbyterian  Ch.,  of  that  city;  was  educated  in  the 
Normal  School,  and  sailed  Sept.  i,  1880,  for  the  Egyptian 
mission,  and  is  stationed  at  Cairo. 

MISS  KATE  CORBETT: 

Daughter  of  C.  R.  &  Jane  Corbett,  was  born  May  4,  1864, 
in  Brookville,  Pa.,  and  sailed  for  India  Sept.  15,  1886. 
MRS.  MARY  BEATTIE  CRAWFORD: 

Daughter  of  James  and  Laura  Stewart;  was  born  Mar.  30, 
1835,  in  Argyle,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  educated  in 
the  Argyle  Academy,  and  united  with  the  church  when  fif- 
teen years  old;  was  married  Sept.  17,  1857,  ^o  ^^^^  Rev.  John 
Crawford,  and  sailed  with  him  on  the  i6th  of  the  next  month 
for  the  mission  in  Syria,  and  is  still  in  Damascus. 


BOARDS  OF  THE  CHURCH.  673 

MRS.  NETTIE  CURRIE*: 

Daughter  of  Walter  and  Ann  Parry;  was  born  Mar.  20, 
1837,  five  miles  east  of  Xenia,  O. ;  was  baptized  by  Dr.  A. 
Heron  of  the  Caesar's  Creek  Asso.  Ch.,  and  united  with  the 
A.  R.  congregation  of  Cedarville  in  1853;  was  married  July 
8,  1863,  to  the  Rev.  Eben.  Currie,  and  sailed  for  Egypt,  where 
she  died  Mar.  9,  1866,  at  Alexandria. 
MISS  SARAH  BLANKELY  DALES: 

Daughter  of  Hugh  and  Margaret  Dales,  and  sister  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Dales;  was  born  July  20,  1820,  near  Moscow, 
Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  united  with  the  A.  R.  Ch.,  in  Philadel- 
phia in  1842;  sailed  for  the  mission  work  in  Damascus,  Syria, 
Sept.  30,  1854,  where  she  met  with  great  success  in  a  school 
composed  principally  of  young  Jewesses;  removed  to  Egypt 
in  i860,  and  was  married  in  1867  to  Rev.  Dr.  Gulian  Lan- 
sing. In  Egypt  her  field  of  labor  has  been  chiefly  in  the  city 
of  Cairo,  and  in  her  school  in  Cairo  was  trained,  and  largely 
through  her  influence  was  brought  to  Christ,  Bamba  MuUer, 
who  was  married  in  June,  1864,  to  his  Highness  Maharajah 
Dhuleep  Singh,  Sovereign  Prince  of  the  Punjaub  in  India, 
but  a  resident  in  England  after  the  annexation  of  that  Pro- 
vince to  the  British  Empire. 

MRS.  CATHARINE  ANN  (BRADFORD)  EWING*: 

Was  born  near  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  Aug.  21,  1831,  and  joined 
the  Asso.  Ref.  Ch.  at  Cross  Roads  in  1852;  was  married  Jan. 
5,  i860,  to  the  Rev.  Samuel  C.  Ewing,  and  sailed  in  Oct., 
i860,  for  Egypt,  and  has  labored  principally  at  Alexandria. 
She  died  a  month  ago,  and  he  has  gone  to  Russia. 

MRS.  NANNIE  FINNEY: 

Daughter  of  James  and  Grisella  McClenahan,  was  born 
Dec.  5,  1885,  near  Fairview,  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  had  two 
brothers  killed  in  the  Union  ranks  in  the  Civil  War,  and  is 
sister  of  Prof.  D.  A.  McClenahan;  was  married  June  29,  1882, 
to  Rev.  T.  J.  Finney,  and  sailed  the  next  Oct.  for  the  Egyp- 
tian Mission,  and  is  located  at  Monsoura. 
MRS.  ELIZABETH  FRAZIER*: 

First  wife  of  the  Rev.  James  A.  Frazier;  sailed  with  him  in 
185 1  for  the  mission  in  Damascus,  Syria,  and  died  July  29, 
1 85 1,  very  soon  after  arriving  there. 


674  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

MRS.  JOANNA  FRAZIER: 

Daughter  of  Samuel  and  Mary  Stephenson;  was  born  Aug. 
15,  1828,  at  Xenia,  O. ;  was  educated  at  the  academy  in  Sid- 
ney, O.,  where  she  united  with  the  church  when  sixteen 
years  old;  was  married  July  12,  1854,  to  the  Rev.  James  A. 
Frazier,  and  sailed  on  the  30th  of  Sept.  for  Syria.  After  her 
husband's  death,  Aug.  30,  1863,  in  Damascus,  she  returned 
to  this  country,  and  resides  at  Monmouth,  111. 

MISS  MARY  AGNES  FRAZIER: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  J.  A.  and  Joanna  Frazier;  was  born 
Oct.  17,  1855,  in  Damascus,  Syria;  was  brought  by  her 
mother  to  this  country  in  1863;  united  with  the  church  in 
Monmouth,  111.,  in  1873,  and  was  graduated  at  Monmouth  in 
1875,  and  sailed  Oct.  19,  1876,  for  mission  work  in  Damascus, 
Syria.  In  1877  she  was  transferred  to  Egypt,  and  is  located 
at  Alexandria. 
MISS  MARY  ELLEN  GALBRAITH: 

Dauo-hter  of  Walter  and  Sarah  Galbraith;  was  born  Nov. 
8,  1851,  in  Passumpsic,  Caledonia  Co.,  Vt. ;  was  educated  at 
the  St.  Johnsbury  Academy,  and  joined  the  United  Presby- 
terian Ch.  in  Burnet,  Vt.,  in  1870;  sailed  Aug.  3,  1875,  to 
join  the  mission  in  Canton,  China;  remained  there  about  a 
year,  and  then  married  a  Wesleyan  Methodist  missionary  in 
the  same  field. 
MISS  MARY  E.  GALLOWAY*: 

Daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Jonathan  Galloway,  of  the  Asso. 
Ref.  Ch.  of  the  South;  was  born  in  South  Carolina  and  edu- 
cated at  Due  West,  S.  C. ;  sailed  for  Egypt  in  1875  under  ap- 
pointment from  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  the  South;  was  mar- 
ried in  1876  to  the  Rev.  John  Giffen,  and  was  located  at 
Asyoot,  in  Upper  Egypt.  Died  Oct.  15,  1881. 
MRS.  JOHN  GIFFEN: 

(See  Miss  E.  E.  Newlin.) 

MRS.  GRACE  GIFFEN: 

Daughter  of  John  N.  and  Mary  R.  Henderson;  was  born 
Dec.  8,  1856,  in  New  Athens,  O. ;  married  Rev.  J.  Kelly 
Giffen  July  12,  1881;  sailed  in  Aug.  for  the  Egyptian  Mission, 
and  is  located  in  Asyoot. 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  675 

MISS  ANNIE  FRAZIER  GIVEN: 

Daughter  of  Rev.  James  and  Margaret  Given;  was  born 
Feb.  2,  1864,  near  Parnassus,  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.;  gradu- 
ated at  the  State  Normal  School  in  1885,  and  sailed  for  India 
Sept.  15,  1886. 

MRS.  ELEANOR  JANE  (DOUG ALL)  GORDON: 

Wife  of  Mr.  J.  W.  Gordon,  a  lay  missionary  to  India;  was 
born  in  1838  in  Florida,  Montgomery  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was  mar- 
ried to  Mr.  Gordon  Oct.  17,  i860,  and  went  with  him  in  1865 
to  the  mission  at  Sialkot,  India,  and  retired  from  the  same  in 
1871. 
MISS  ELIZABETH  G.  GORDON: 

Daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  Alexander  Gordon;  was  born  in 
Putnam,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  sailed  for  India  in  1854 
with  her  brother,  the  Rev.  Andrew,  when  he  went  to  estab- 
lish the  mission  at  Sialkot.  She  has  always  been  stationed 
at  Sialkot,  and  is  now  especially  engaged  in  zenana  work. 
MISS  EUPHEMIA  E.  GORDON: 

Daughter  of  Rev.  Dr.  Andrew  and  Rebecca  C.  Gordon;  was 
born  Feb.  12,  1858,  in  Sialkot,  India;  was  educated  mainly  in 
the  U.  S.,  and  returned  to  India  in  1875,  and  became  a 
formal  missionary  in  1881,  and  is  now  in  the  U.  S.  pursuing 
a  thorough  medical  education,  so  as  to  be  qualified  to  estab- 
lish an  hospital  for  women. 
MRS.  REBECCA  C.  GORDON: 

Wife  of  the   Rev.   Andrew;    went  with   him  in    1854   to 
India;  was  settled  first  at  Sialkot,  but  is  now  stationed  at 
Gurdaspur. 
MRS.   HENRIETTA  MARIA  HARVEY: 

Daughter  of  the  late  Judge  Thomas  Lee  and  sister  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Lee;  was  born  in  1840  in  Cadiz,  O. ;  labored 
for  some  time  as  a  missionary  to  the  freedmen  at  Davis  Bend, 
Miss. ;  was  married  Sept.  7,  1865,  to  the  Rev.  William  Har- 
vey, and  the  30th  of  the  same  month  sailed  for  Egypt,  where 
she  has  ever  since  labored. 
MISS  SARAH  HART*: 

Was  the  youngest  of  five  children  born  to  Jewish  parents 
in  Hull,  England;  was  born  in  1832;  became  a  Christian,  and 


676  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

after  encountering  almost  every  sort  of  difficulty  was  baptized 
June  7,  1857,  by  the  Rev.  John  Dech,  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land, in  Hull.  She  was  immediately  turned  out  of  home  by 
her  mother  and  the  family,  but  through  friends  obtained  a 
situation  in  England  as  governess,  and  then  went  to  help  a 
Mr.  Reichart  to  carry  on  a  school  in  Alexandria,  in  Egypt. 
Here  she  came  in  contact  with  the  United  Presbyterian  mis- 
sion, and  in  Ap.,  1861,  joined  it  as  a  teacher.  She  continued 
a  most  devoted  and  useful  laborer  until  June  28,  1869,  when 
she  was  burned  to  death  by  the  explosion  of  a  can  of  kerosene 
oil.     Her  principal  field  of  labor  was  in  Cairo. 

MRS.  HILL*: 

Sailed  with  her  husband,  the  Rev.   R.  A.  Hill,  Aug.   22, 
1855,  for  the  mission  in  India;  was  located  at  Sialkot,  and 
retired  from  the  mission  in  1863,  and  died  June  10,  1875,  near 
Princeton,  Schenectady  Co.,  N.  Y. 
MRS.  BESSIE  DODDS  (KAY)  HOGG: 

Was  born  Sept.  14,  1841,  in  Jamaica,  West  Indies.  Her 
father  was  a  catechist  of  the  Scottish  Missionary  Society,  and 
afterwards  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Mission.  In  1849  she 
was  taken  to  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  where  she  was  educated, 
and  at  the  age  of  thirteen  joined  the  United  Presbyterian  Ch. 
On  the  loth  of  Jan.,  i860,  she  married  the  Rev.  John  Hogg, 
and  soon  afterward  sailed  with  him  for  Egypt.  In  1872 
she  accompained  her  husband  on  a  visit  to  the  United 
States.  The  largest  part  of  her  labors  has  been  spent  in 
Upper  Egypt. 
MISS  ELIZA  F.  JOHNSTON: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Johnston,  of  St.  Clairsville, 
O. ;  joined  the  Egyptian  Mission  in  1869,  and  had  charge  of 
the  Girls'    Boarding  School  in  Cairo;  was  married  Dec.  i, 
1881,  to  Dr.  Robert  Stewart,  of  the  India  Mission. 
MRS.   MARY  JANE  JOHNSTON: 

Daughter  of  John  and  Ann  Stewart;  was  born  July  14,  1844, 
in  St.  Clairsville,  O. ;  joined  the  church  in  1861;  married  Dec. 
25,  1867,  D.  R.  Johnston,  M.  D.,  a  medical  missionary,  and 
sailed  May  21,  '68,  for  Egypt,  and  spent  her  time  principally 
in  Upper  Egypt.     In  1877  she  returned  from  the  mission. 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  ^'j'j 

MISS  ELLA  O.  KYLE: 

^  Daughter  of  William  and  Rachel  Kyle;  was  born  in  Cedar- 
yille,  O.,  May  29,  1856;  sailed  Dec.  20,  1882,  for  Egypt,  and 
is  stationed  at  Asyoot. 

MRS.  Dr.  G.  LANSING: 

(See  Miss  S.  B.  Dales.) 
MRS.  HATTIE  ELIZA  LANSING: 

Daughter  of  George  and  Calista  Arnold;  was  born  June  2, 
1862,  in  West  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  married  March  20,  1884,  Elmer 
E.^  Lansing,  M.  D.,  son  of  Rev.  Dr,  Lansing,  and  medical 
missionary,  and  sailed  in  April  for  the  Egyptian  Missson,  and 
is  located  at  Asyoot. 

MRS.  MARIA  (OLIVER)  LANSING*: 

Was  a  native  of  Lisha's  Kill,  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  was 
married  in  Aug.,  1850,  to  the  Rev.  Gulian  Lansing,  and 
sailed  with  him  Dec.  12,  1850,  for  the  Asso.  Ref.  Mission  at 
Damascus,  in  Syria;  removed  to  Egypt  in  1857,  and  died  of 
cholera  in  Cairo,  July  5,  1865. 

MISS  MARGARET  GUTHRIE  LOCKHART*: 

Was  born  Sept.  19,  1852,  in  New  York  city;  joined  the 
church  at  Andes,  N.  Y.,  when  thirteen  years  old;  was  ed- 
ucated at  the  College  Institute  of  Andes;  sailed  Sept.  26, 
1874,  for  the  mission  in  Egypt;  returned  in  1878  because  01 
impaired  health,  and  resided  with  her  mother  at  Barbours- 
ville,  Va.,  until  her  death,  June  6,  1882. 
MRS.  BELLE  LYTLE: 

Daughter  of  John  and  Margaret  Gordon,  was  born  Ap.  23, 
1846,  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O. ;  was  married  in  Dec,  1872,  to 
Rev.  D.  S.  Lytle,  and  sailed  with  him  Aug.  30,  1881,  for 
India,  and  is  stationed  at  Sialkot. 

MRS.  McCAGUE: 

Embarked  Sept.   30,    1854,   with  her  husband,   the   Rev. 
Thomas  McCague,  for  the  mission  in  Eg>'pt;  labored  mainly 
in  Cairo,  and  in  1861  returned  because  of  enfeebled  eyes,  and 
resides  in  Omaha,  Nebraska. 
MISS  ELIZABETH  McCAHAN: 

Niece  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Alex.  McCahan;  was  born  June 
9,  1850,  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  joined  the  church  in  1864;  was 


678  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

educated  at  the  Rev.  W.   Ewing's  Academy;  after  teaching 

several  years  she  sailed  Oct.  7,  1875,  for  India,  and  labors  at 

Sialkot. 

MISS  ROSANNA  ADELAIDE  McCULLOUGH: 

Was  born  Feb.  15,  1851,  near  Unity,  in  Adams  Co.,  O. ; 
was  the  subject  of  very  deep  religious  impressions  at  the  age 
often,  and  joined  the  church  when  fourteen  years  old;  was 
graduated  at  Lincoln  College,  Mo.,  in  1875,  and  sailed  for  the 
mission  in  India  on  the  4th  of  Nov.,  1879. 

MRS.  MARGARET  McKEE: 

Daughter  of  William  and  Mary  Dickey;  was  born  June  20, 
1842,  at  Pulaski,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa. ;  joined  the  church  at 
the  age  of  sixteen;  was  graduated  at  Westminster  in  1861, 
and  labored  for  some  time  in  the  Freedmen's  Mission  at 
Nashville,  Tenn. ;  was  married  Jan.  12,  1869,  to  the  Rev.  J. 
P.  McKee,  and  sailed  Nov.  5,  1870,  for  the  mission  in  India, 
and  is  located  at  Gujranwala. 

MRS.  ADELAIDE  McKELVEY*: 

Daughter  of  Robert  and  Martha  Moore;  was  born  Jan.  i, 
1841,  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  married  Jan.  23,  1868,  to  the 
Rev.  Joseph  McKelvey,  and  sailed  on  the  nth  of  the  next 
month  from  San  Francisco  for  China.  After  giving  good 
promise  of  usefulness  she  died  Nov.  20,  1868,  in  Canton. 

MISS  MARTHA  JANE  McKOWN: 

Was  born  Mar.  22,  1834,  at  Elizabeth,  Pa.,  and  was  bap- 
tized by  the  Rev.  Matthew  McKinstry;  was  a  teacher  in  the 
Sabbath-school  at  fourteen,  taught  in  the  public  school  at 
sixteen,  joined  the  church  at  New  Concord,  O.,  at  seventeen; 
was  graduated  at  Monmouth  College  in  1859;  was  Principal 
of  a  Female  Seminary  at  Oskaloosa,  la.,  for  a  time,  and 
sailed  Oct.  6,  i860,  for  the  mission  in  Egypt.  Her  present 
station  is  Asyoot. 
MRS.  LYDIA  LUCRETIA  MARTIN*: 

Daughter  of  Stewart  and  Rachel  Mossman;  was  born  June 
28,  1838,  in  Michigan  City,  Ind. ;  was  educated  at  James- 
town, Pa. ;  was  married  Sept.  27,  1866,  to  the  Rev.  S.  Mar- 
tin, and  sailed  on  the  21st  of  the  next  month  for  India;  died 
Dec.  3,  1886. 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  679 

MRS.  AMELIA  SOPHRONIA  MURCH: 

Daughter  of  Allen  and  Maria  Canfield;  was  born  Mar.  6, 
1867,    at   Milan,    O. ;  was   married    Ang.    4,    1880,    to  Rev. 
Chauncy  Miirch,  and  sailed  with  him,  Oct.  7,  1883,  for  Egypt, 
and  is  stationed  at  Lnxor. 
MRS.  AMANDA  S.  (BEGGS)  NEVIN*: 

Was  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  married  the  Rev.  J.  C.  Nevin 
Nov.  I,   1859,  and  sailed  on  the  17th  of  Dec.  following,  for 
Canton,  in  China,  and  died  there  Sept.  27,  1867. 
MRS.  MARY  CATHARINE  NEVIN: 

Daughter  of  George  and  Margaret  McCague;  was  born  in 
Portsmouth,  O.,  and  early  united  with  Dr.  Pressly's  church 
in  Allegheny;  was  married  July  27,  1871,  to  the  Rev.  J.  C. 
Nevin,  and  returned  with  him  to  Canton,  China,  where  she 
remained  until  the  mission  was  transferred  in  1878  to  Los 
Angeles,  California,  where  she  now  labors. 
MISS  ELIZABETH  ELMIRA  NEWLIN: 

Daughter  of  James  P.  and  Elizabeth  Newlin:  was  born  Jan. 
21,  1855,  near  Smithfield,  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  joined  the  Mar- 
tin's Ferry  Ch.,  when  sixteen  years  old.  After  finishing  her 
education  she  taught  for  a  time,  and  then  sailed  Sept.  i,  1880, 
for  the  mission  in  Egypt;  married  the  Rev.  John  Giffen  in 
1883,  and  is  stationed  at  Aysoot. 

MRS.  EMMA  CUSHMAN  NICHOLL: 

Daughter  of  Henry  and  Josephine  Patterson;  was  born 
Sept.  27,  1849,  in  Geneva,  Ala.,  and  removed  with  the  family 
in  i860  to  Mercer  Co.,  111.;  studied  at  the  Aledo  Academy, 
and  taught  for  some  time;  was  married  to  the  Rev.  A.  M. 
Nicholl  July  8,  1873,  and  on  the  i8th  of  Ap.  1874,  sailed^jto 
Egypt;  and  was  stationed  at  Mansoorah,  and  returned  in  1884. 

MRS.  PAULDING: 

Daughter  of  the  late  Samuel  Barnett,  of  Springfield,  O., 
and  sister  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barnett,  and  wife  of  J.  G.  Paulding, 
M.  D.,  medical  missionary.     She  went  with  her  husband  and 
brother  to  Syria  in  1845,  and  returned  to  the  U.  S.  in  1856. 
MRS.  FIDELIA  FREEZE  (EIKER)  PINKERTON*: 

Was  a  resident  of  Sparta,  111.,  and  married  the  Rev.  B.  F. 
Pinkerton  Aug.  25,  1863,  and  sailed  Sept.  30,  1865,  for  the 
mission  in  Egypt.     She  returned  in  1869,  and  died  in  1871. 


68o  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

MRS.  JANE  MORE  RULE: 

Daughter  of  Robert  W.  and  Caroline  Clark;  was  born  Feb. 

25,  1845,  in  Blairsville,  Pa.;  was  graduated  at  Monmouth 
College  in  1868,  and  was  married  Oct.  26,  1871,  to  the  Rev. 
A.  H.  Rule;  sailed  Aug.  24,  1872,  for  the  mission  in  Egypt, 
but  returned  the  following  year. 

MRS.  ANNA  E.  SCOTT: 

Was  born  Aug.  2,  1849,  i^  Franklin  township,  Beaver  Co., 
Pa. ;  sailed  Oct.  28,  1882,  for  India,  where  she  subsequently 
married  Rev.  T.  L.  Scott,  and  is  settled  at  Jhelum. 
MISS  MARY  AGNES  SCOTT*: 

Was  born  May  24,  1849,  i^  Perry,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was 
married  Sept.  i,  1874,  to  the  Rev.  T.  L.  Scott,  and  sailed  for 
India  on  the  26th  of  the  same  month ;  was  stationed  at  Jhe- 
lum, where  she  died  Oct.  25,  1880. 
MISS  MARY  ANN  SMITH: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  J.  N.  and  Elizabeth  Smith;  was  born 
July  16,  1847,  in  Haysville,  O. ;  joined  the  church  at  sixteen, 
and  after  finishing  her  education  taught  for  some  time;  sailed 
for  the  mission  in  Egypt  Nov.  2,  1872,  and  is  stationed  in 
Cairo. 
MRS.  STEVENSON: 

Wife  of  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Stevenson;  sailed  with  him  Aug. 
22,  1855,  for  India;  was  stationed  at  Sialkot  until  1865; 
she  returned,  and  now  resides  at  Andes,  Delaware  Co.,  N.  Y. 
MRS.  DR.  ROB.  STEWART: 

See  Miss  E.  F.  Johnston. 
MRS.  GEMELLA  STRANG: 

Daughter  of  Hugh  and  Deodema  Cotton;   was  born  Jan. 

26,  1836,  near  Pulaski,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.;  was  converted  at 
twelve  and  united  with  the  church;  was  educated  at  West- 
minster College;  was  married  to  Mr.  (afterward  Rev.)  David 
Strang,  July  4,  1861;  sailed  Feb.  10,  1866,  for  the  mission  in 
Egypt;  was  stationed  in  Alexandria;  returned  in  1876,  and 
now  resides  at  Lincoln,  Tenn. 

MISS.  ISABELLA  STRANG: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  David  and  Gemella  Strang;  was  born 
May    17,  1862,   near  Reynoldsburg,    O. ;  joined  the    church 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  68l 

when  fourteen  years  old;  studied  at  Monmouth  and  Westmin- 
ster Colleges;  sailed  Feb.  15,  1879,  for  Egypt,  where  she  had 
spent  her  younger  years,  and  is  stationed  at  Mansoorah. 
MISS  MATILDA  STRANG: 

Daughter  of  Rev.  David  and  Gemella  Strang;  was  born 
Oct.  29,  1866,  in  Cairo,  Egypt;  was  educated  in  the  U.  S. 
and  sailed  for  Egypt,  Sept.  15,  1886,  and  has  charge  of  the 
Girls'  School  in  Alexandria. 

MISS  ANNA  YOUNG  THOMPSON: 

Daughter  of  the  Rev.  David  Thompson;  was  born  Mar.  11^ 
1851,  in  Robinson  township,  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  united 
with  the  church  at  the  age  of  fourteen;  was  educated  in  Mrs. 
Hanna's  Seminary,  in  Washington,  Pa. ;  sailed  for  the  mission 
in  Egypt  Nov.  4,  1871,  and  is  employed  in  the  Girls'  School 
in  Cairo. 

MRS.  MARGARET  WATSON: 

Daughter  of  George  and  Christiana  McVicker;  was  born 
Aug.  23,  1835,  at  Prairieville,  near  Waukesha,  Wis.;  was 
educated  at  Waukesha  and  at  Rockford,  111. ;  was  married  to 
the  Rev.  Andrew  Watson  July  10,  1861,  and  sailed  on  the 
28th  of  the  next  Sept.,  for  Egypt,  and  is  now  stationed  at 
Cairo. 

MISS  ELIZABETH  WELSH: 

Daughter  of  Robert  and  Nancy  Welsh;  was  born  Mar.  29, 
1849,  near  Washington,  Pa. ;  united  with  the  church  at  the 
age  of  fifteen,  and  studied  at  Iberia  and  Westminster  Colleges; 
taught  among  the  freedmen  at  Natchez,  Miss.,  and  sailed  Oct. 
30,  1869,  for  the  mission  in  India;  returned  to  the  U.  S.  in 
1872. 

MISS  JOSEPHINE  LILLIAN  WHITE: 

Daughter  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Jane  White;  was  born  Sept. 
24,  1858,  near  Grove  City,  Pa.,  and  sailed  Nov.  12,  1882,  for 
India;  has  been  mainly  at  Jhelum. 

MISS  MARIA  WHITE,  M.  D. : 

Was  born  near  Grove  City,  Pa. ,  and  was  graduated  at  the 
Medical  College  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  sailed  Sept.  15,  1886, 
to  be  a  medical  missionary  in  India,  and  is  located  at  Sialkot. 
43 


682  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

MISS  CYNTHIA  ELLEN  WILSON: 

Was  born  INIar.  27,  1850,   near  Morning  Sun,   Louisa  Co., 
la. ;  graduated  with  the  first  honors  in  the  scientific  course  in 
Monmouth  College  in  1873,  and  sailed  Oct.  7,  1875,  for  India, 
and  has  resided  at  Gujranwala. 
MISS  ROSANNA  TONER  WILSON: 

Sister  of  Cynthia  E.  and  daughter  of  James  X.  and  Martha 
E.  Wilson ;  was  born  in  Morning  Sun,  la. ;  was  graduated  at 
Monmouth  College  in  1886,  and  sailed  for  India  Sept.  15,  of 
the  same  year. 


NATIVE  EGYPTIAN  MINISTERS.* 

MIKHAEEL  YOOSEF  EL-BELIANY: 

His  father,  Yoosef,  was  a  native  of  Abydos,  near  Girgeh, 
but  owing  to  his  straitened  circumstances  he  removed  to 
Belianeh  in  1234  A.  H.,  (1819  A.  D.,)  a  few  months  before 
Mikhaeel  was  born.  Entirely  neglected  by  his  father  he  grew 
up  wild  and  wicked,  and  still  bears  marks  of  the  rough  scufiles 
of  his  youthful  days.  When  about  fourteen  years  old  his 
thoughts  took  a  serious  turn,  under  the  influence  of  a  religi- 
ous Copt  named  Butrus,  who  came  to  lodge  in  his  father's 
house.  This  man  taught  him  to  fast  and  pray.  He  also 
taught  him  to  reverence  the  "holy  monks,"  w^ho,  he  said,  by 
virtue  of  their  protracted  fasts  and  prayers,  &c.,  became 
possessed  of  wings,  and  could  fly  to  distant  countries  in  a 
short  space  of  time.  About  this  time  the  parish  priest  of 
How  (named  Gad)  visited  Belianeh.  Mikhaeel  confessed  to 
him;  and,  by  way  of  fitting  him  for  communion,  the  priest 
prescribed  a  daily  routine  of  seven  prayers  (each  pra5^er  con- 
sisting of  twelve  Paternosters  and  forty-one  Kyrie  Eleisons, 
closing  with  twelve  salutations  to  the  Virgin  Mar}'  and  the 
recital  of  the  Nicene  creed,)  and  twenty-five  genuflexions,  or 
prostrations.  Next  year  the  number  of  the  latter  was,  at 
M.'s  own  request,  increased  to  fifty,  viz:  forty  to  Christ  and 
ten  to  the  Virgin. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  absconded  secretly  from  home  in 
the  company  of  a  monk  named  Aby  El  Malak  El  Obeidy,  and 

*  Prepared  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Hogg,of  Asyoot,  Egj'pt. 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  683 

went  first  to  Boosh  (near  Benisooef)  and  afterward  to  Cairo, 
where  he  was  received  by  the  Patriarch  Butrus  as  a  candidate 
for  monastic  orders,  and  by  him  was  sent  to  the  convents  of 
Nitria.  After  a  novitiate  of  three  years,  during  which  time 
he  "learned  three  trades,  viz:  To  light  a  fire,  to  bake  bread 
and  to  cook  a  dinner,"  he  was  formally  admitted  as  a  monk 
of  the  order  of  St.  Anthony,  and  at  the  same  time  advanced 
to  the  position  of  miller  of  the  convent.  By  the  help  of  a 
monk  named  Monsoor  he  had  meanwhile  learned  the  letters 
of  the  Arabic  alphabet,  and  had  spelled  through  twenty-five 
prose  Psalms,  which  the  monk  had  written  out  for  him  on  a 
piece  of  tile. 

Shortly  after  taking  the  monastic  vow  he  became  possessed 
of  a  copy  of  the  whole  Bible  in  Arabic,  giving  in  exchange 
for  it  a  pair  of  new  shoes,  his  only  earthly  possession  which 
was  of  any  pecuniary  value.  Now  he  began  to  study  the 
Word  in  earnest. 

After  spending  five  years  in  the  Syrian  convent  of  Nitria 
the  abbot  summoned  him  to  Cairo,  where  he  was  obliged  to 
remain  for  six  months  a  horrified  spectator  of  the  foul  lives 
of  the  bishops,  abbots  and  their  associates.  (His  own  abbot 
was  a  Sodomite.)  He  tried  to  escape  back  to  the  convent, 
but  was  beaten  by  his  superior  for  having  made  the  attempt. 
At  the  close  of  six  months — "which  seemed  to  him  like 
sixty  years" — he  was  allowed  to  return  to  Nitria,  where  he 
buried  himself  among  the  books  of  the  convent  in  the  vain 
search  for  something  to  quiet  the  misgivings  of  his  disquieted 
spirit. 

After  he  had  been  seven  years  at  Nitria  the  Bishop  of  the 
Fayoom,  Amba  Ishac,  visited  the  convent.  On  leaving  he 
gave  the  abbot  a  pair  of  shoes  and  a  dollar  for  each  of  the 
monks.  The  abbot  gave  them  the  shoes  but  kept  the  dollars. 
They  at  once  set  off  in  a  body  for  Cairo  to  complain  to  the 
Patriarch.  The  abbot  overtook  them  on  the  way  with  an 
armed  band,  gave  them  three  hundred  lashes  each,  excom- 
municated the  whole  thirteen  of  them,  and  hastened  on  be- 
fore them  to  Cairo  to  give  his  version  of  the  story  to  the 
Patriarch.  The  version  of  the  monks  was  disbelieved,  and 
Mikhaeel  and  some  others  refused  to  return  to  Nitria. 


684  BOARDS   OF   THE  CHURCH. 

After  spending  five  months  in  the  patriarchate  at  Cairo 
Mikhaeel  left  with  another  monk,  named  Andraos,  for  the 
convent  of  St.  Anthony,  on  the  shore  of  the  Red  Sea.  Here 
he  remained  two  years  in  the  position  of  waterer  of  the  gar- 
den. The  state  of  the  morals  of  the  monks  here  (most  of 
whom  expect  one  day  to  become  bishops  or  patriarchs)  was 
worse  than  at  Nitria — nearly  as  bad  even  as  at  Cairo.  He 
found  one  good  man  among  them  named  Fanoos,  to  whom  he 
poured  out  the  bitterness  of  his  soul.  ' '  When  the  head  itself 
is  corrupt  (meaning  the  abbot  David,  who  afterwards  became 
the  Patriarch  Cyril,)  what  can  you  expect  of  the  members?" 
was  Fanoos'  reply.  "But,"  he  added,  "do  as  I  do.  Read 
your  Bible.  It  will  comfort  you  and  inspire  you  with  hope." 
This  monk  helped  him  a  good  deal  in  his  private  studies,  and 
explained  to  him  the  peculiar  tenets  of  the  Coptic  Church. 

In  the  year  1259  A.  H.  (about  1844  A.  D.),  when  Mikhaeel 
was  about  twenty-five  years  of  age,  his  bosom  friend,  the 
monk  Andraos,  was  made  Metropolitan  (Aboona)  of  Abys- 
sinia, under  the  title  of  the  Metran  Salameh.  When  the 
news  of  his  appointment  reached  him  ' '  he  spent  the  whole 
night  in  tears,"  and  in  the  morning  he  came  to  M.  and  made 
him  swear  on  the  ' '  Holy  Gospel ' '  that  he  would  accompany 
him  to  Abyssinia,  and  remain  his  fast  friend  and  bosom  com- 
panion for  life.  On  his  return  from  Cairo  he  ordained  M. 
and  three  others  to  the  office  of  Presbyter,  and  proceeded  on 
his  way  up  the  Nile,  leaving  orders  for  M.  to  meet  him  at 
Jedda.  M.  went  by  way  of  Suez  and  the  Red  Sea,  taking 
with  him  letters  of  introduction  fiom  the  Rev.  M.  Lieder  of 
the  Church  Missionary  Society  to  the  English  consuls  at 
Suez  and  Jedda.  After  twenty  days'  sail  he  reached  Jedda. 
Here  he  remained  fifty  days,  when  he  was  joined  by  the 
Metran.  After  eight  days'  sail  they  reached  Massowah.  By 
the  time  they  reached  Edwa  a  crowd  of  over  ten  thousand 
people  were  marching  in  procession  before  and  behind  them, 
who  had  come  to  welcome  the  Vicar  of  Christ,  for  whose 
appearance  they  had  been  waiting  for  a  period  of  twenty 
years. 

The  head  of  the  young  Metrdn  (he  was  but  twenty-three 
years  old)  was  soon  turned  by  the  fulsome  honors  paid  him 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  685 

by  the  superstitions  chiefs  and  tribes  of  Abyssinia.  Mikhaeel, 
who  was  his  'senior  in  years  and  experience,  tried  to  act  for 
a  time  the  part  of  mentor  to  him,  but  only  got  his  hatred  for 
his  pains.  Before  he  had  been  many  months  in  the  country 
he  had  got  inextricably  mixed  up  with  the  intrigues  of  the 
contending  chieftains,  now  siding  with  one  and  now  with 
another.  At  last  M.,  to  save  his  own  life,  was  forced  to  sep- 
arate from  the  Metran,  who,  contrary  to  M.'s  advice,  had 
broken  his  oath  with  Ras  Alee,  King  of  Amara,  and  leagued 
himself  with  Obeli,  King  of  Tigre.  When  the  Metran  fell 
into  the  hands  of  the  angry  king  he  tried  to  exculpate  him- 
self by  casting  the  blame  on  M.  The  latter  was  able,  by 
letters  in  his  possession,  to  prove  his  innocence  of  the  charge. 
This  made  matters  worse  between  him  and  the  Metran.  At 
the  close  of  his  four  years  of  exile  in  Abyssinia  the  King  of 
Amara  gave  him  permission  to  return  to  Egypt.  On  his  way 
from  Gondar  to  Adwa  one  of  the  chiefs  to  whom  he  had  letters 
from  the  king  gave  him  fifty  dollars  in  addition  to  one  hun- 
dred given  him  by  the  latter,  and  induced  him  to  go  and 
make  peace  with  the  Metran  before  he  left.  The  Metran  re- 
jected his  overtures,  took  all  his  money  and  clothes  from  him, 
imprisoned  him  for  two  and  one-half  months,  maltreated  him 
in  every  conceivable  way,  and  at  last  sent  him  off  in  chains 
to  Massowah  under  charge  of  a  company  of  Turkish  soldiers. 
He  had  to  walk  the  whole  way  (seventeen  days)  barefooted, 
tying  cloths  around  his  bleeding  feet.  The  governor  of 
Massowah  had  pity  on  him  and  gave  him  three  dollars  and  an 
old  blanket.  Mr.  Sawa,  an  Armenian,  gave  him  a  pair  of 
shoes  and  a  shirt  and  an  old  cloak.  After  twenty  days,  dur- 
ing which  he  had  to  support  himself  by  begging,  he  got  a 
passage  across  to  Jedda.  Here  he  remained  thirty  days, 
where  "he  suffered  as  much  as  during  his  four  years  of  trial 
in  Abyssinia."  At  last  he  met  a  Christian  named  Eesa 
(Jesus),  who  introduced  him  to  the  English  consul,  who  gave 
him  money  to  pay  his  passage  to  Suez  and  a  bushel  of 
grain  to  eat  on  his  way.  He  sailed  for  Suez  on  the  25th  of 
November,  1848;  was  thirty  days  in  reaching  it,  and  almost 
died  of  hunger  by  the  way.  In  Suez  he  had  to  beg  during 
the  day,  and  sleep  in  an  open  shed  at  night  (in  the  dead  of 


686  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

winter).  After  some  time,  through  the  kindness  of  a  Greek, 
he  was  allowed  to  join  a  caravan,  and  at  length  reached  Cairo 
"ragged,  haggard  and  half-dead." 

He  remained  some  months  in  Cairo.  To  these  months  he 
now  looks  back  as  the  turning  point  of  his  life.  While  in 
Abyssinia  he  had  met  with  the  missionary  Isenberg,  but  after 
an  angry  discussion  with  him  he  had  driven  him  by  rude  force 
out  of  the  country.  Hearing  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Kruze,  of  the 
same  society,  was  holding  night-meetings  in  Cairo,  M.  went 
resolved  to  "shut  his  mouth  and  break  up  the  meetings." 
Matters  turned  out  differently  from  what  he  anticipated. 
After  a  few  meetings  he  became  interested,  then  he  began  to 
read  some  books  given  him  by  Kruze.  Being  passionately 
fond  of  history,  he  set  to  with  great  gusto  to  read  a  small 
church  history  printed  in  Arabic  at  the  Malta  press.  This 
book  became  the  means  of  his  conversion.  "Doctrines 
sealed  by  the  blood  of  these  Waldensian,  Albigensian,  Bohe- 
mian and  Huguenot  martyrs  must  be  true."  He  left  for  the 
convent  of  Nitria,  and  remained  there  for  seven  loiig  years ^ 
reading,  praying,  meditating  and  struggling.  All  this  time 
he  kept  up  an  epistolary  correspondence  with  Mr.  Kruze, 
and  two  or  three  friends  whom  he  first  met  at  Mr.  K. 's  meet- 
ings. 

In  1854  or  '5  one  of  these  letters  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
Patriarch  Cyril.  He  at  once  sent  for  him  and  told  him  if  he 
valued  his  life  to  leave  the  country  within  the  space  of  seven 
days.  Towards  the  close  of  the  week  the  patriarch  was  sum- 
moned by  Saeed  Pasha  to  Alexandria.  M.  ventured  out  of 
his  hiding  place.  He  was  seized  by  two  men  and  carried 
into  the  presence  of  the  Metran  Butrus,  the  patriarch's  dep- 
uty, severely  bastinadoed,  and  ordered  to  leave  Egypt  forth- 
with. He  fled  to  Jerusalem.  Bishop  Gobat  gave  him  letters 
to  Dr.  Philip,  of  the  Jewish  Mission  at  Alexandria,  and  told 
him  to  go  back  to  Egypt  without  fear.  Dr.  Philip  told  him 
of  the  arrival  of  American  missionaries  in  Cairo,  and  gave 
him  a  letter  to  Mr.  Martin.  Through  Mr.  Martin  (who  re- 
fused to  believe  him  to  be  a  sincere  convert)  he  heard  of  Dr. 
Barnett.  After  a  few  days'  search  he  found  out  Dr.  Barnett's 
house.     He  remained  with  him  three  years  without  salary, 


BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH.  687 

living-  all  the  time  on  the  charity  of  his  enlightened  Coptic 
friends.  (Mr.  Krnze  had  gone  to  Jaffa  several  years  before). 
In  1858  Dr.  Lansing  advised  the  brethren  in  Cairo  to  allow 
him  a  small  salary  of  $4.  per  month. 

He  was  the  first  man  admitted  to  communion  by  the  Cairo 
missionaries.  Most  of  the  first  members  were  brought  to  the 
meetings  through  his  instrumentality. 

In  1859  he  went  to  Alexandria,  and  was  employed  by  Dr. 
Lansing  as  a  Bible  reader  in  the  bookshop,  hospital,  prison, 
etc.  He  also  got  a  good  deal  of  private  instruction  from  the 
missionary',  besides  attending  his  Bible-class  regularly.  In 
i860-' I  he  accompanied  the  late  Lord  Aberdeen  (then  Lord 
Haddo)  in  a  tour  of  Bible  distribution,  of  which  a  full  account 
is  given  in  Lord  Haddo' s  memoirs,  and  he  is  the  Father  Mak- 
hiel  of  Dr.  Lansing's  "Egypt's  Princes." 

In  1866  he  was  sent  to  labor  as  a  preacher  in  the  town  of 
Koos,  after  having  assisted  Dr.  Watson,  at  Alexandria,  for 
two  or  three  years,  on  the  removal  of  Dr.  Hogg  to  Cairo, 
(August,  1862.) 

On  the  20th  of  Feb.,  1867,  he  was  ordained  at  Cairo  to  the 
office  of  the  ministry.  Dr.  Barnett,  who  had  shortly  before 
returned  after  four  years'  absence,  officiated  on  this  occasion. 
Messrs.  Hogg  and  Currie  were  appointed  to  install  him  over 
the  pastoral  charge  of  the  congregation  of  Koos,  but  owing 
to  the  persecutions  that  ensued  on  his  return  to  Koos,  his  in- 
stallation was  never  effected. 

Owing  to  failing  health  and  divisions  in  the  congregation 
he  was  transferred  from  Koos,  first  to  Zakazeeg  in  June,  1869, 
and  then  to  Mansoora  Dec.  i,  of  the  same  year.  Here  he 
remained,  assisting  Dr.  Watson  and  supplying  the  station 
in  his  absence,  until  the  spring  of  1873,  after  which  he  re- 
mained in  sole  charge  of  this  station  until  the  arrival  of  the 
Rev.  A.  M.  Nichol,  Dec.  8,  1875,  when  he  was  transferred 
to  Roolac,  a  suburb  of  Cairo,  where  he  gathered  a  congrega- 
tion, chiefly  composed  of  poor  people  from  Upper  Egypt,  over 
whom  he  was  installed  as  pastor  in  1881.  Here  he  died  INIay 
24,   1883. 

REV.  TADRUS  YOOSEF: 

Born  in  the  city  of  Cairo  in  1840;  received  the  elements  of 


688  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

a  literary  education  in  the  Coptic  school  established  by  the 
Patriarch  Cyril,  who  was  himself  a  pupil  of  Mr.  Lieder  of  the 
Church  Missionary  Society.  Taught  for  some  time  in  the 
Coptic  school,  and  on  the  death  of  the  patriarch  in  1862,  the 
school  having  been  closed  for  want  of  funds  to  carry  it  on,  he 
was  appointed  head  teacher  in  our  mission  school  at  Cairo. 
In  1864  the  new  patriarch,  (Demetrius,)  who  had  received  a 
subvention  of  1,500  acres  from  Ismail  Pasha,  in  order  to  en- 
able him  to  employ  teachers  of  the  highest  class,  and  thus 
obviate  the  necessity  of  the  Copts  sending  their  children  to 
the  American  school,  offered  Tadrus  Yoosef  triple  the  salary 
which  he  was  then  receiving,  and  the  position  of  head  master 
in  his  school.  He  refused  the  tempting  offer,  and  became  in 
consequence  the  butt  of  the  persecution  which  ensued  on  the 
failure  of  all  their  other  efforts  to  break  up  the  mission  school. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  membership  of  the  evangelical 
church  in  the  autumn  of  1862;  was  a  member  of  the  informal 
theological  class  opened  by  Dr.  Hogg  in  1863;  took  a  leading 
part  in  the  district  nightly  meetings,  which  were  instituted 
to  countercheck  the  movements  of  the  patriarch ;  studied  with 
Drs.  Lansing  and  Hogg  until  Feb.,  1865,  when  the  latter  re- 
moved to  Asyoot,  and  the  seminary  was  broken  up  for  a  time; 
assisted  Messrs.  Ewing  and  Harvey  for  eleven  months  (1866) 
in  opening  a  new  mission  in  the  province  of  the  Fayoom,  and 
in  the  resumption  of  the  theological  class,  and  its  transference 
to  Asyoot,  (Feb.  3,  1867,)  he  removed  thither  with  his  family, 
and  remained  there  in  the  double  capacity  of  student  and  as- 
sistant teacher  until  the  i6th  of  Mar.,  1870,  when  he  was 
licensed  by  the  Presbytery  of  Egypt,  and  sent  to  labor  in  the 
town  of  Nakhayleh,  where  a  small  congregation  had  been 
formed  chiefly  though  his  own  evangelistic  labor  while  at- 
tending the  seminary.  Over  this,  his  first  and  only  charge, 
he  was  ordained  and  installed  on  Nov.  i,  187 1.  He  was  the 
first  native  clerk  of  Presbytery,  an  office  whieh  he  held  for 
four  years,  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  committee  of  evangeli- 
zation and  station  supervision.  He  is  extremely  short- 
sighted, and  is  in  danger  of  losing  his  sight  entirely. 
REV.  SHENOODEH  HANNA: 

Son  of  Mr.  Hanna  Ishac,  a  man  of  position  and  influence 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  689 

ill  the  town  and  district  of  Asyoot;  was  born  in  Asyoot  on  the 
i6th  of  Jan.,  1855;  received  the  first  elements  of  his  educa- 
tion in  the  Coptic  school,  where  he  remained  about  six  years. 
Gifted  with  a  good  voice  and  a  musical  ear,  he  became  a  great 
favorite  with  the  bishop  and  clergy  on  account  of  his  profi- 
ciency in  reading  and  chanting  the  parts  of  the  Coptic  service 
usually  assigned  to  boys  under  the  age  of  puberty. 

He  was  one  of  the  few  Asyoot  boys  who  braved  for  a  time 
the  local  opposition  against  the  mission  school  opened  by  Dr. 
Hogg  in  Mar.,  1865,  but  after  remaining  about  one  year  he 
was,  during  Dr.  H.'s  absence  in  Scotland,  withdrawn  by  his 
father  and  sent  to  the  opposition  school  started  by  the  Copts, 
where  he  remained  three  years,  studying  English,  French, 
grammar,  geography,  arithmetic,  &c.,  and  was  generally  con- 
sidered the  dux  of  the  school.  During  this  period  he  was  a 
frequent  visitor  at  the  mission  house,  and  ultimately  became 
deeply  interested  in  divine  things.  All  the  usual  methods  of 
opposition  and  petty  presecution  were  employed  against  the 
youthful  convert  in  intensified  forms,  but  at  last  his  prayers 
and  ours  were  answered;  his  father  gave  him  permission  to 
return  to  the  mission  school.  "After  my  return  to  the 
American  school,"  he  says,  "  I  spent  six  and  a  third  years  in 
literary  and  scientific  studies,  such  as  arithmetic,  algebra, 
geometry,  natural  philosophy,  moral  science,  logic  and  Eng- 
lish, besides  completing  my  studies  in  grammar,  geography, 
&c.,  and  also  in  theological  studies,  including  also  Hebrew 
and  Greek.  Our  studies  were  all  conducted  at  Asyoot,  ex- 
cept two  summer  sessions  in  theology  at  Ramleh." 

He  was  admitted  to  membership  in  1868;  licensed  on  26th 
Mar.,  1875;  ordained  and  installed  over  the  congregation  of 
Sinnoris  on  the  13th  Feb.,  1876;  was  Moderator  of  Presby- 
tery in  1880,  and  in  Mar.,  1881,  was  chosen  clerk  of  Presby- 
tery for  a  period  of  four  years. 

On  the  day  when  he  was  licensed  his  father,  (since  deceased,) 
who  together  with  his  whole  family  had  been  won  over  by 
Shenoodeh  to  the  evangelical  faith,  reminded  Dr.  Hogg  that 
when  S.  was  still  a  little  boy  of  ten  years  of  age  he  (Dr.  H.) 
had  patted  him  on  the  shoulder  and  said  to  him  on  hearing 
of  his  popularity  as  a  reader  in  the  Coptic  church,  "  My  son. 


690  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

I  hope  to  live  to  hear  you  preach  the  gospel  from  an  evangeli- 
cal pulpit." 

He  has  a  good  knowledge  of  English,  and  is  a  great  admirer 
of  Mr.  Spurgeon,  and  a  student  of  his  works. 

REV.  GIRGIS  RAFAEEL: 

Born  at  Moteah,  in  the  province  of  Asyoot,  in  1851;  re- 
ceived the  elements  of  a  Coptic  education  in  the  village 
school;  entered  the  mission  school  at  Asyoot  when  fourteen 
years  of  age.  In  Mar.,  1867,  was  summoned  before  the 
patriarch  Demetrius  and  ordered  to  leave  the  mission  school 
and  enter  the  opposition  school  established  by  the  bishop  of 
Asyoot,  but  stoutly  refused  to  do  so,  even  when  threatened 
with  the  bastinado;  joined  the  church  in  1868  or  1869.  After 
a  course  of  ten  years'  study  at  Asyoot  (including  two  summer 
sessions  at  Ramleh)  he  was  licensed  Mar.  26,  1875,  and  or- 
dained and  installed  Ap.  22,  1876,  over  the  congregation  at 
Mellawi,  where  he  had  labored  with  great  acceptance  during 
several  successive  vacations  of  the  seminary.  The  station 
at  Beyadeeyeh,  opened  by  him,  is  also  under  his  pastoral 
charge.  He  was  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  committee 
of  evangelization  and  station  supervision,  and  by  order  of 
Presbytery  he  has  written  a  tract  on  Family  Religion,  which 
was  published.  He  became  a  Plymouthite  and  was  sus- 
pended from  the  ministry  in  1884. 

REV.  IBRAHEEM  YOOSEF: 

Born  at  Cairo  Dec.  30,  1844;  all  his  brothers  and  sisters 
died  in  childhood;  was  converted  in  1859  under  the  ministra- 
tions of  Messrs.  McCague  and  Barnett;  attended  the  patri- 
archal school  for  four  years,  when  he  learned  to  read  in  Ara- 
bic and  English;  joined  the  mission  school  at  Cairo  in  1858. 
In  Oct.,  i860,  he  was  left  in  Asyoot  by  Mr.  McCague  to  open 
a  mission  school,  but  failed,  owing  to  the  opposition  of  the 
Coptic  schoolmasters;  taught  for  a  few  months  at  Benisooef, 
and  then  returned  to  Cairo,  where  he  remained,  (with  the 
exception  of  three  months  spent  at  Asyoot  in  the  summer  of 
1865,)  in  the  double  capacity  of  teacher  and  student,  till  Mar., 
1867,  when  he  went  to  finish  his  theological  course  at  Asyoot; 
there  he  was  licensed  Mar.  16,  1870.     In  187 1  he  was  called 


BOARDS  OF  THE   CHURCH.  69 1 

to  the  pastoral  charge  of  the  Cairo  congregation,  but  owing 
to  ill  health  and  certain  scruples  he  did  not  feel  free  to  accept 
the  call.  He  continued  to  labor  as  a  licentiate  in  Cairo, 
(and  for  a  short  time  in  the  Fayoom,)  as  far  as  his  health 
would  allow,  till  1874,  when  he  turned  aside  for  a  time  to 
secular  employment.  In  Ap.,  1875,  a  call  was  presented  to 
him  by  the  congregation  of  Asyoot,  There  being  a  large 
minority  in  favor  of  another  candidate  he  did  not  accept  the 
call  at  first,  but  consented  eventually  to  labor  amongst  them 
as  a  licentiate  for  a  specified  term.  After  tedious  delays, 
chiefly  due  to  the  discouraging  state  of  his  health,  the  call 
was  renewed  and  ultimately  accepted.  His  ordination  and 
installation  took  place  on  the  17th  of  Oct.,  1879.  He  has  a 
good  knowledge  of  English  and  has  translated  several  works, 
one  of  which,  "An  Exposition  of  the  Parables,"  has  been 
published.  He  acted  for  two  years  as  clerk  of  the  committee 
of  evangelization  and  station  supervision,  though  not  himself 
a  member  of  the  committee. 

REV.   ISCAROS  MASAOOD: 

Born  in  the  spring  of  1848  at  Sahil  Seleen,  a  village  oppo- 
site Abooteej,  in  the  Povince  of  Asyoot.  His  father  owned  a 
small  farm;  learned  to  read  in  the  village  school;  attended  the 
mission  school  at  Asyoot  from  its  first  establishment  in  the 
spring  of  1865,  and  joined  the  theological  class  in  Mar.,  1867. 
A  few  months  after  this  he  with  three  of  his  companions 
"  sent  in  to  the  Deputy  Governor  of  the  Province  a  written 
complaint  of  force  and  wrongs  committed  against  thein  and 
their  parents  by  sub-officials  of  the  government,  to  force  them 
to  leave  the  American  and  go  to  the  Coptic  school.  The 
young  men  were  summoned  before  the  deputy,  when,  under 
threatening,  three  of  them  agreed  to  go  to  the  Coptic  school. 
Iscaros  refused,  when  he  was  threatened  with  conscription 
into  the  army  and  the  forced  labor,  and  was  then  bastinadoed 
until,  in  going  from  the  court  to  the  prison,  the  blood  was 
seen  to  ooze  from  his  shoes.  He  was  kept  in  prison  three 
days,  when,  still  proving  incorrigable,  he  was  released." 
(Ninth  Ann.  Report.)  He  joined  the  church  at  Asyoot  in 
1868.  After  ten  years  of  literary  and  theological  study  (in- 
cluding two  summer  sessions  at  Ramleh),  he  was  licensed  at 


692  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

Asyoot  on  the  26tli  of  Mar.,  1875.  He  was  ordained  at 
Asyoot  on  the  17th  of  Oct.,  1879,  and  installed  over  the  con- 
gregation of  Benoob  on  the  19th  of  the  same  month.  His 
pastoral  charge  includes  the  mission  station  at  Maasera. 

EL  MIZZEEKY,  MIKHAEEL: 

Son  of  the  Coptic  priest  in  Jawilly;  was  ordained  Ap.  7, 
1882,  and  has  been  pastor  at  Jawilly  since  ordination. 

OBAID,  GIRGIS*: 

A  native  of  Nakhaleh ;  was  thoroughly  educated  at  Asyoot, 
and  ordained  Ap.  7,  1882;  pastor  at  Ekhmeem  from  ordina- 
tion, and  died  Mar.  16,  1883,  aged  about  30  years. 

BUTRUS,  DIONYSIUS: 

Ordained  May  i,  1882,  as  pastor  at  Luxor;  became  a  Ply- 
mouthite,  and  was  suspended  from  the  ministry  in  Mar.,  1885. 

BISHAI,  HANNA: 

Was  educated  at  Asyoot,  and  ordained  in  Nov.,  1885,  as 
pastor  at  Minieh. 

BISHAI,  MIKHAEEL: 

Was  educated  at  Asyoot,  and  ordained  in  Mar.,  1885,  as 
pastor  at  Beni  Adi. 

TANYOOS,  IBRAHEEM: 

Was  educated  at  Asyoot,  and  ordained  in  Mar.,  1885,  as 
pastor  at  Moteah  and  Bakore. 

ANSHALIAN,  GIRGIS: 

Was  born  in  Armenia,  and  was  partly  educated  in  Turkey, 
and  partly  in  the  U.  S. ;  went  to  Egypt  in  Nov.,  1885,  and 
was  ordained  Ap.  27,  1886,  as  pastor  at  Koos. 


NATIVE  MISSIONARIES  IN  INDIA.* 

SCOTT,  GEORGE  W.  (his  Christian  name): 

Brother  of  E.  P.  Swift;  was  born  about  1828  in  northern 
India;  was  educated  in  the  Orphanage  of  the  Presbyterian 
mission  at  Saharanpur,  and  studied  theology  under  the  care 
of  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Sialkot,  and  was  ordained  Jan. 
7,  1859,  by  the  same.  He  performed  the  duties  of  an  evan- 
gelist, under  the  direction  of  the  Presbytery,  until  his  death, 

*  Prepared  by  the  late  Rev.  A.  Gordon,  of  Gurdaspur,  India. 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  693 

which  occurred  Dec.  30,  1868.  A  man  of  faith  and  of  works, 
as  the  following  narrative  of  a  youthful  adventure  abundantly 
shows : 

Some  time  about  the  year  1850  a  lady  in  England  contrib- 
uted a  liberal  sum  of  money  to  print  Bibles  in  the  language 
of  the  Afghans.  These  Bibles  were  sent  to  the  care  of  Col. 
Wheeler,  an  English  officer  stationed  at  Peshawar,  on  the 
northwest  frontier  of  India.  Col.  Wheeler  asked  Scott  to 
find,  if  possible,  some  person  who  would  take  the  Bibles  into 
Afghanistan,  but  after  much  effort  no  one  could  be  induced 
for  any  consideration  to  risk  his  life  in  such  a  business. 
Merchants  were  coming  and  going  with  other  wares,  but  to 
carry  Bibles,  or  identify  themselves  in  any  way  with  the 
Christian  faith,  was  a  hazard  which  no  one  would  take. 
Jews,  Hindoos,  Mohammedans  and  Christians  alike  refused. 
At  length  Scott  offered  himself,  saying,  "This  is  God's  own 
work,  and  I  feel  that  I  can  trust  my  life  in  His  hand."  Col. 
W.  objected  at  first  on  account  of  Scott's  youth  and  want  of 
experience,  but  both  made  supplication  to  the  Lord  for  direc- 
tion. Scott  continued  firm  in  his  resolution.  The  boxes  of 
books  were  loaded  on  mules,  and  reached  Cabool,  the  capital, 
through  a  rugged  mountain  pass  of  the  Sulainarri  range. 
Here  he  took  a  room  in  a  caravansary  and  begun  to  preach 
and  offer  his  Bibles.  He  was  soon  arrested,  stripped  of  all 
he  possessed,  brought  before  the  king  (Dart  Muhammad 
Khan)  and  required  to  profess  the  Muhammadan  faith  or  be 
put  to  death.  Scott  said  he  would  do  as  they  wished  if  they 
would  first  convince  him  that  their  faith  was  right  and  his 
wrong,  for  what  good  was  there  in  confessing  with  the  lips 
only?  They  then  called  in  a  learned  man  with  whom  he 
was  required  to  debate,  and  who  began  to  attack  the  doctrine 
of  Christ's  divinity.  Scott's  answer  to  his  first  argument  was 
such  that  the  great  men  of  the  king's  palace  admitted  their 
own  champion  to  be  fairly  beaten,  and  the  debate  ceased. 
Scott  was  in  prison  for  several  days  and  became  dangerously 
ill.  After  further  consultations  among  themselves,  some 
wishing  to  release  him,  others  counseling  to  kill  him,  they 
finally  agreed,  partly  on  account  of  his  youth  and  partly  be- 
cause they  thought  he  would  die  of  his  sickness,  to  release 


694  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

him,  A  guard  of  two  soldiers  was  sent  to  escort  him  back 
to  Peshawar.  This  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  introduction 
of  Bibles  into  Cabool.  They  were  handsomely  bound,  and 
Scott  always  believed  they  would  be  preserved  and  read. 
SWIFT,  ELISHA  P.  (his  Christian  name),  RAM  CHAND*: 
Was  born  in  1825,  in  Gwalior,  North  India;  was  educated 
at  the  Orphanage  of  the  Presbyterian  mission  at  Saharanpur, 
and  studied  theology  under  the  direction  of  the  Asso.  Pres. 
of  Sialkot,  by  which  he  was  ordained  Jan.  7,  1839,  and 
labored  as  an  evangelist,  and  was  regarded  as  the  most  elo- 
quent bazaar  preacher  in  the  Punjaub,  He  was  long  stationed 
at  Gujranwala,  and  died  there  Aug.  16,  1887,  of  blood  poison- 
ing from  carbuncles. 

THAKUR,  GEORGE  LAWRENCE: 

Was  born  at  Luck  now,  and  was  educated  at  the  Orphanage 
school  at  Gujranwala,  and  studied  theology  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres.  of  Sialkot;  was  licensed 
Dec.  27,  1875,  by  the  Sialkot  Pres.,  and  ordained  Dec.  28, 
1877,  by  the  same.  Is  now  stationed  at  Pasroor,  in  the  Pun- 
jaub. Publications:  A  large  controversial  work  in  defence 
of  the  Bible,  entitled  Izhar-i-Isaioi ;  a  series  of  articles  on  the 
"Philosophy  of  Revelation,"  published  in  a  native  news- 
paper, the  Safir-i-Hind ;  a  series  of  articles  on  "  The  Unnec- 
essariness  of  the  Koran,"  published  in  another  native  paper. 
(See  Gordon's  Our  India  Mission,  page  391.) 

PAUL  NASARALI: 

Ordained  Oct.,  1885,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 

JOHN  CLEMENT: 

Ordained  Ap.  23,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
ISA  BHAJNA: 

Ordained  Ap.  23,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 

SABUR  MASIH: 

Ordained  Ap.  23,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
IMAM-UL-DIN: 

Ordained  Ap.  23,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
KARM  DAD: 

Ordained  Oct.  14,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  695 

ABDULLAH: 

Ordained  Oct.  14,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
HAMID-UL-DIN: 

Ordained  Oct.  14,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
J.  W.  SWEET: 

Ordained  Oct.  14,  1886,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 
JIWAN  MAL: 

Ordained  Ap.  7,  1887,  by  Sialkot  Pres. 


BOARD  OF  MISSIONS  TO  THE  FREEDMEN. 
The  late  civil  war  at  its  very  incipiency  began  to  interfere 
with  the  institution  of  slavery  in  the  border  States,  and  laro-e 
numbers  of  those  who  hitherto  had  been  slaves  were  thrown 
upon  their  own  resources,  and  generally  under  perplexing  and 
adverse  circumstances.     Their  condition  appealed  strongly  to 
the  sympathy  and  charity  of  the  north,  and  in  variousVays 
relief  was  promptly  afforded.     United  Presbyterians,  in  ac- 
cordance with  their  anti-slavery  principles,  were  among  the 
first  to  look  after  these  waifs  and  "contrabands,"  and  to  de- 
vise ways  and  means  for  their  temporal  and  spiritual  improve- 
ment    Their  altered  circumstances  were  so  sudden  and  unex- 
pected that  the  church  had  neither  time  nor  opportunity  for 
consulting  and  moving  as  a  whole,  so  the  work  began  in  a 
fragmentary  way  and    in    different   localities.     Presbyteries 
here  and  there  appointed  missionaries  to  go  into  Tennessee 
and  down  the  Mississippi  river,  where  they  would  be  covered 
by  the  arms  of  the  U.  S.,  and  by  preaching  and  teaching  and 
various  acts  of  loving  kindness  to  do  what  they  could  to  pre- 
pare the  freedmen  for  their  new  position,  so  that  they  might 
be  qualified  for  its  duties  and  profited  by  its  increased  priv- 
ileges. 

The  General  Assembly  in  1862  resolved,  "That  in  our 
opinion  the  providence  of  God  is  calling  us  to  enter  upon  the 
fields  of  missionary  labor  among  the  people  of  our  southern 
coast,  in  places  where  the  power  of  slavery,  which  once  drove 
us  away  from  the  south,  is  now  broken,  and  where  it  is  im- 
portant that  the  anti-slavery  churches  of  the  land  should 


696  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

establish  themselves  as  a  means  of  securing  freedom  of  speech 
and  promoting  the  interests  of  truth  and  righteousness  in 
those  parts  of  our  country. ' '  Suitable  teachers  and  ministers 
were  asked  to  volunteer  to  go  as  laborers  in  such  places  as 
may  be  selected,  and  a  special  fund  was  created  to  meet  the 
expenses  of  the  undertaking.  The  field  widened  with  the 
progress  of  the  war,  and  the  Christian  duty  to  enter  and 
occupy  became  more  positive  and  imperative,  so  in  1863  the 
General  Assembly  established  a  Board  of  Missions  to  the 
Freedmeji^  which  was  incorporated  in  1868  by  the  Legislature 
of  Pennsylvania.  The  charter  declares  "That  the  object  of 
said  corporation  shall  be  to  educate  the  freedmen  of  the  south 
in  secular  and  religious  knowledge,  by  establishing  and  sup- 
porting schools  and  churches  among  them,  and  by  such 
other  means  as  are  appropriate  to  missionary  operations." 

The  U.  S.  government  established  at  different  places  "con- 
traband camps,"  into  which  fugitive  slaves  were  gathered 
and  fed  and  made  useful  in  various  ways  until  society  would 
so  settle  down  that  they  could  scatter  and  find  places  and 
ways  to  support  themselves.  The  Board  selected  these  camps 
as  the  first  field  of  operations,  and  to  five  or  six  of  them  sent 
bands  of  laborers,  each  of  which  consisted  of  an  ordained 
minister,  a  male  assistant,  and  four  or  five  female  teachers. 
Goodrich's  Landing,  in  Louisiana,  Vicksburg  and  Davis 
Bend,  in  Mississippi,  Memphis,  Nashville  and  Knoxville,  in 
Tennessee,  were  first  selected.  The  means  employed  were 
preaching  and  ordinary  religious  missionary  labors,  and  day 
schools  and  night  schools  and  Sabbath  schools. 

These  camps  were  but  temporary  collections,  were  con- 
stantly changing,  and  finally  abolished;  so  the  Board  had  to 
change  its  locations  to  suit  this  shifting  condition  of  affairs. 
As  society  settled  down  and  became  fixed,  the  operations  of 
the  Board  became  geographically  contracted  but  more  per- 
manent in  their  character.  A  number  of  congregations  were 
regularly  organized,  most  of  which  still  exist,  while  others 
have  dissolved  because  of  the  chang;ing-  and  transient 
character  of  their  members.  But  greater  attention  has  been 
given  to  the  matter  of  education,  under  the  conviction  that 
as  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  has  not  the  means  to  sup- 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  697 

port  a  large  number  of  missionaries  in  this  field,  it  can  work 
more  efficaciously  by  training  up  well  educated  teachers  and 
preachers,  so  that  they  may  bring  their  advanced  thought  and 
culture  to  bear  upon  the  improvement  and  elevation  of  their 
race.  For  the  accomplishment  of  this  purpose  a  Normal 
school  was  established  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  which  has  finally 
grown  into  a  regular  college,  with  a  pretty  full  course  in 
languages  and  the  sciences,  and  a  theological  department. 
The  college,  with  the  preparatory  department,  had  316  names 
on  its  roll  during  the  winter  of  1886-7,  many  of  whom  spend 
a  part  of  the  year  in  teaching,  so  that  the  institution  has  be- 
come a  positive  power  in  the  social  and  intellectual  elevation 
of  the  colored  race.  Thirty  were  enrolled  in  the  theological 
class  during  the  winter  of  1880-81.  Some  of  these  were 
licensed  ministers  in  the  colored  churches,  who  were  greatly 
profited  by  even  a  short  course  of  systematic  and  thorough 
instruction. 

Missions  with  large  and  flourishing  schools  are  also  carried 
on  at  Chase  City  and  Blue  Stone,  in  Mecklenburgh  Co.,  Va. 
There  is  also  one  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  with  a  large  building  and 
some  900  enrolled  scholars. 


BOARD  OF  CHURCH  EXTENSION. 

One  of  the  greatest  obstacles  in  the  way  of  establishing  new 
congregations  in  the  newer  sections  of  our  country  is  the  dif- 
ficulty in  procuring  a  comfortable  building.  The  members 
are  few  and  rarely  rich,  and  can  contribute  but  little  to  this 
object,  so  they  must  either  labor  on  with  the  inconvenience 
and  hindrance  of  having  no  building,  and  shift  as  they  can, 
or  provide  themselves  with  a  house  of  worship  at  the  risk  of 
burdening  themselves  and  impeding  their  progress  with  a 
debt.  To  obviate  these  embarrassments  as  much  as  possible, 
the  General  Assembly  in  1859  established  a  Board  of  Church 
Extension,  which  was  incorporated  in  187 1  by  the  Legisla- 
ture of  Pennsylvania.  According  to  its  constitution  "the 
special  objects  of  this  Board  shall  be  to  aid  mission  stations 
and  congregations  to  obtain  suitable  houses  of  worship.     It 

44 


698  BOARDS  OF  THE   CHURCH. 

shall  have  power  to  make  appropriations  of  money,  either  as 
donations  or  as  loans  for  a  definite  time;  to  authorize  special 
contributions  for  particular  parts  of  its  work;  to  hold  funds 
and  property  absolutely  or  in  trust  for  congregations;  to  in- 
stitute legal  proceedings,  in  behalf  of  the  United  Presbyter- 
ian Church,  to  prevent  the  alienation  of  or  to  recover  funds 
and  property  for  which  contributions  have  been  made  by  the 
Board,  or  by  the  Church  at  large,  and  to  do  such  other  things 
as  may  be  necessary  for  the  accomplishment  of  its  object;  but 
the  appropriations  of  each  year  shall  not  exceed  the  amount 
authorized  by  the  General  Assembly  for  that  year,  and  only 
such  property  shall  be  held  as  may  be  necessary  for  the  legi- 
timate purposes  of  the  Board, ' ' 

The  assistance  given  is  either  in  the  form  of  a  loan  for  a 
definite  period,  with  or  without  interest,  or  an  absolute  gift. 
In  either  case  the  appropriation  is  made  upon  the  application 
of  the  Presbytery  to  which  the  congregation  belongs,  and  to 
an  amount  not  exceeding  one-third  the  cost  of  the  house,  and 
to  no  congregation  where  the  building  costs  over  $20,000. 
The  conditions  of  all  appropriations  are,  that  the  property 
shall  be  held  in  fee  simple;  that  a  mortgage  shall  be  given 
for  the  loan  or  donation  securing  the  repayment  of  the  money, 
with  interest,  in  case  the  congregation  shall  fail  or  shall  cease 
to  be  connected  with  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  or 
shall  alienate  or  encumber  the  property  without  the  consent 
of  the  Board,  and  that  ordinarily  the  appropriation  shall  leave 
the  property  free  from  debt  except  to  the  Board. 

Many  congregations  have  been  saved  from  disbanding  and 
helped  to  become  substantial  and  efficient  societies  by  the 
timely  aid  bestowed  by  this  Board.  By  making  new  con- 
gregations more  quickly  self-supporting  and  contributing 
churches,  this  Board  saves  to  the  home  mission  funds  a  larger 
amount  of  money  every  year  than  is  expended  in  help  to 
build  houses.  It  has  already  assisted  nearly  300  congrega- 
tions in  the  erection  of  church  buildins^s. 


BOARDS   OF  THE   CHURCH.  699 

BOARD  OF  PUBLICATION. 

Believing  that  it  is  the  duty  of  the  Church  to  use  the  press 
as  well  as  the  living  preacher  to  instruct  the  edify  all  to  whom 
she  has  access,  the  General  Assembly  in  1859  established  a 
Board  of  Publication,  which,  in  1863,  was  incorporated  by 
the  Legislature  of  Pennsylvania.  The  object  of  this  Board  is 
two-fold:  "  First,  to  purchase  or  print  and  circulate  the  Holy 
Scriptures,  or  parts  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  in  the  authorized 
version,  together  with  the  Psalms  in  metre,  according  to  the 
version  approved  by  the  United  Presbyterian  Church.  Sec- 
ond, to  select  and  publish  such  tracts,  papers,  periodicals  and 
books  as  shall  be  a  sound  and  suitable  religious  literature  for 
Sabbath  schools,  ministers,  congregations  and  the  community 
at  large,  and  to  take  such  measures  as  may  be  necessary  for 
the  distribution  and  circulation  of  the  same." 

It  has  gradually  and  steadily  increased  in  the  number  and 
range  of  its  publications,  until  it  now  issues  Bibles  and  Testa- 
ments and  Psalm-books  in  various  sizes;  the  Psalter,  or 
Psalms  set  to  music;  the  Bible  Songs,  or  selections  from  the 
Psalms  set  to  music  for  the  Sabbath  school;  miscellaneous 
religious  books,  both  original  and  reprints,  and  original  tracts. 
It  has  also  become  the  owner  and  publisher  of  the  Evangeli- 
cal Repository^  a  monthly  magazine  of  thirty-two  pages,  for 
general  religious  reading;  the  Bible  Teacher^  a  Sabbath- 
school  monthly  of  thirty-two  pages,  for  teachers;  the  Lesson 
Quarterly^  of  thirty-two  pages,  for  scholars ;  the  Olive  Plants^ 
an  illustrated  weekly,  for  little  ones;  the  Youth'' s  Evangelist^ 
a  weekly  illustrated  paper  for  children,  and  the  Young  Chris- 
tian^ a  semi-monthly  paper  for  advanced  scholars.  It  also 
publishes  monthly  lesson  papers  and  illuminated  lesson  cards 
for  primary  classes.  The  Board  is  in  possession  of  a  large 
and  commodious  publication  house,  situated  on  Ninth  street, 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  is  more  than  self-sustaining  in  the  com- 
mercial part  of  its  business,  and  supplements  the  charitable 
contributions  of  the  Church. 


700  BOARDS   OF   THE   CHURCH. 

BOARD  OF  EDUCATION. 

To  encourage  pious  young  men  to  enter  the  ministr}^  and 
to  get  the  benefit  of  their  time  in  the  ministry  which  would 
be  consumed  in  efforts  to  procure  the  means  for  their  education, 
the  General  Assembly  in  1859  established  a  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, which  was  incorporated  in  1876  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 
The  design  of  the  Board  is  "to  cherish  and  diffuse  an  educa- 
tional spirit  throughout  the  Church,  to  cooperate  with  Pres- 
byteries and  Synods  and  the  Assembly  in  the  establishment 
of  institutions  of  learning,  and  to  assist  in  the  education  of 
pious  and  promising  young  men  for  the  ministry."  The 
beneficiary  must  apply  through  his  Presbytery  and  get  its 
certificate  to  the  facts  that  he  intends  to  enter  the  ministry; 
that  he  possesses  hopeful  piety;  that  his  talents  are  such  as 
to  qualify  him  for  usefulness  in  the  ministry,  and  that  he 
needs  the  sum  asked.  The  grant  has  been  reduced  so  that  it 
must  not  exceed  one  hundred  dallars  per  session,  and  the  fol- 
lowing obligation  must  be  given  :  "I  have  received  from  the 
Board  of  Education  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  of 

North  America dollars ;  and  I  hereby  agree  that  if  do 

not  in  due  course  of  time  enter  the  ministry  of  the  United 
Presbyterian  Church,  or  do  at  any  time  voluntarily  abandon 
the  same,  the  sum  above  mentioned  shall  then  become  due 
and  payment  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Board,  with  interest  at 
the  rate  of  six  per  cent,  per  annum  from  date. ' '  Users  of 
tobacco  receive  no  aid. 


BOARD  OF  MINISTERIAL  RELIEF. 

In  1862  the  General  Assembly  ordered  the  establishment  of 
a  fund  for  the  support  of  aged  and  infirm  ministers,  and  in 
1864  it  was  extended  in  its  benefactions  so  as  to  include  indi- 
gent widows  and  their  families.  Its  management  was  placed 
in  the  hands  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  General  Assem- 
bly. The  whole  scheme  was  remodeled  in  1873,  and  changed 
to  a  Board  of  Ministerial  Relief,  which,  in  1875,  was  incor- 
porated by  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
The  single  object  of  this  Board  is  the  relief  of  disabled  and 


BOARDS  OF  THE  CHURCH.  70I 

superannuated  ministers  and  the  widows  and  orphans  of 
deceased  ministers  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church.  This 
relief  is  granted  only  to  ministers  who  are  in  good  standing 
in  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  and  to  the  families  in  said 
church  of  ministerswho  were  in  such  standing  at  the  time  of 
their  decease,  and  ordinarily  relief  is  not  extended  to  children 
over  sixteen  years  of  age.  All  applications  must  be  made 
through  the  Presbytery  in  the  bounds  of  which  the  minister 
or  the  family  resides.  Thus  far  the  Board  has  been  able  to 
give  relief  to  all  its  applicants,  and  from  special  donations  to 
accumulate  an  endowment  fund. 


702  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES. 


Theological  Seminaries. 


THE  SEMINARY  AT  XENIA,  OHIO. 

THE  early  fathers  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church  soon 
comprehended  the  needy  condition  of  their  wide  field  of 
labor,  and  fully  realized  the  necessity  of  training  up  a  minis- 
try at  home,  and  thus  supplement  what  they  could  get  from 
abroad.  As  early  as  1764  the  Associate  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania 
petitioned  the  Synod  in  Scotland  to  send  them  some  one 
qualified  to  teach  the  "languages  and  philosophy."  While 
this  showed  their  earnestness,  it  was  not  necessary,  for  their 
own  John  Mason  had  only  three  years  previously  been  Mon- 
criefF's  assistant  in  Divinity  Hall;  but  the  Synod  had  no  men 
of  age  and  acknowledged  learning  to  send.  Its  missionaries 
were  young  men  whose  reputation  was  yet  to  be  established. 
Neither  were  there  any  actual  students  to  call  for  such  a 
teacher.  The  first  student  for  the  ministry  was  David  Annan, 
and  he  was  graduated  at  Queen's  College,  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  and  studied  theology  with  his  brother  Robert.  The 
next  was  William  Morrison,  who  finished  his  classical  course 
under  private  teachers  after  the  breaking  out  of  the  revolu- 
tionary war  had  closed  Princeton  College.  He,  too,  studied 
theology  with  Dr.  Robert  Annan,  and  both  these  young  men 
were  licensed  by  the  Associate  Pres.  of  New  York. 

The  demand  soon  produced  a  supply,  and  classical  schools 
sprung  up  in  many  localities  and  a  few  colleges  were  already 
established.  The  most  urgent  necessity  was  provision  for 
theological  training,  and  as  Dr.  Annan  had  attended  to  this 
in  the  Pres.  of  New  York,  the  Pres.  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1778  appointed  the  Rev.  John  Smith,  of  Octoraro,  Lancaster 
Co.,  "to  direct  the  studies  of  such  young  men  as  were  pre- 
paring to  pursue  their  studies  with  a  view  to  the  holy  minis- 
try."  But  he  passed  into  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  at 
the  union  of  1782,  and  the  residuary  Presbytery  was  so  re- 


THEOLOGICAL   SEMINARIES.  703 

diiced  by  that  event  that  there  was  no  felt  necessity  for  any 
theological  instructor  for  a  number  of  years. 

On  the  2ist  of  Ap.,  1794,  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Penn- 
sylvania elected  the  Rev.  John  Anderson  as  its  teacher  in 
divinity.  He  was  then,  and  had  been  for  two  years,  pastor 
of  the  congregations  of  Mill  Creek  and  Harmon's  Creek  in 
Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  with  the  option  of  locating  the  seminary  to 
suit  his  convenience.  He  selected  Service,  and  a  two-story 
log-building  was  erected  near  his  house  for  the  accommoda- 
tion of  the  students,  and  about  eight  hundred  valuable  books 
were  collected  as  the  foundation  of  a  library.  The  most  of 
of  these  were  donated  by  Associate  brethren  in  Scotland. 
The  course  extended  over  four  years,  with  one  term  during 
the  winter  season.  The  number  of  students  present  varied 
from  five  to  ten.  The  Professor's  chief  employment  was  the 
reading  of  lectures  founded  upon  Marck's  Af<?<a'«//a  Theologies. 
These  he  expanded  at  every  repetition,  until  they  became  so 
voluminous  that  he  was  not  able  to  finish  them  during  the 
four  years  of  his  last  class,  although  he  read  for  four  hours  on 
each  of  four  days  of  every  week  of  the  four  sessions.  Some 
Hebrew  and  New  Testament  exegesis  were  taught,  but  nothing 
on  Biblical  Literature  or  Ecclesiastical  History.  Didactic  and 
Polemic  Theology  constituted  in  reality  the  course  of  study. 

In  1818  Dr  Anderson  resigned  because  of  the  infirmities  of 
age,  and  in  1819  the  Synod,  to  save  the  traveling  expenses  of 
the  students,  resolved  to  divide  the  seminary  into  an  eastern 
and  a  western  hall.  In  1820  Dr.  J,  Banks  was  chosen  Professor 
of  the  Eastern  Hall,  and  Philadelphia,  where  he  resided,  was 
made  its  location.  In  182 1  Canonsburg  was  selected  as  the 
side  of  the  Western  Hall,  and  Dr.  J.  Ramsay  as  its  professor. 
In  1826  Dr.  Banks  died,  and  the  Synod  united  the  seminaries 
into  one,  under  Dr.  Ramsay,  at  Canonsburg.  A  professor- 
ship of  Biblical  Literature  and  Church  History  was  instituted 
in  1833,  and  the  Rev.  D.  Carson  elected  to  fill  the  chair. 
He  resigned  his  charge  in  Tennessee  in  the  spring  of  1834, 
and  moved  his  family  to  Canonsburg,  but  before  the  opening 
of  the  next  session  he  died.  In  1835  the  Rev,  Dr.  T.  Bev- 
eridge  was  chosen  as  Mr.  Carson's  successor.  In  184 1  Dr. 
Ramsay  resigned,  and  Dr.  J.  Martin  of  Albany,   N.  Y.,  was 


704  THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES. 

made  his  successor  the  following  year.  He  died  in  1846,  and 
in  1847  ^^-  ^-  Anderson  was  chosen  to  the  chair  in  theology. 
When  he  died,  in  1855,  Dr.  S.  Wilson,  of  Xenia,  was  elected 
his  successor,  and  in  the  autumn  of  that  year  the  seminary 
was  removed  to  Xenia,  Ohio. 

In  1858  Dr.  J.  Clokey,  of  Springfield,  O.,  was  chosen  Prof, 
of  Pastoral  Theology,  and  in  1871  Dr.  Beveridge  resigned. 
In  1872  Dr.  W.  Bruce  of  Baltimore  was  elected  as  a  pro- 
fessor, and  in  1873  Drs.  J.  G.  Carson,  J.  B.  McMichael  and 
W.  G.  Moorhead  were  added,  and  Dr.  Wilson  was  made 
emeritus  Professor.  Dr.  Clokey  resigned  in  1874,  and  Dr. 
McMichael  in  1878,  and  was  succeeded  by  Dr.  J.  Harper.  In 
1874  the  Seminary  of  the  Northwest,  at  Monmouth,  111.,  was 
consolidated  with  this  one  at  Xenia.  The  seminary  is  partly 
endowed,  has  a  fair  library  and  a  large  oomfortable  building, 
which  contains  lecture  rooms  for  the  professors  and  dormi- 
tories for  the  students. 

PROFESSORS. 
Elected. 

1794.  John  Anderson,  D.  D.  .    .  Resigned,  1818. 

1820.  John  Banks,  D.  D Died  April  10,  1826. 

1821.  James  Ramsay,  D,  D.  .    .    .  Resigned,  1841. 

1833.  David  Carson Died  September  25,  1834. 

1835.  Thomas  Beveridge,  D.  D  .  Resigned,  1871. 
1841.  James  Martin,  D.  D.  .    .    .  Died  June  15,  1846. 
1847.  Abraham  Anderson,  D.  D.  Died  May  9,  1855. 
1855.  Samuel  Wilson,  D.   D.  .    .  Retired  emeritus,  1873. 
1858.  Joseph  Clokey,  D.  D.  .  .    .  Resigned,  1874. 

1872.  William  Bruce,  D.  D.    .    .  Died  November  10,  1880. 

1873.  Jackson  B.M' Michael,  D.D.  Resigned,  1878. 

1873.  James  Gillespie  Carson,  D.  D.  , 

professor  of  homiletics  and  pastoral  theology. 
1873.  William  Gallogly  Moorhead,  D.  D., 

professor  of  biblical  literature. 
1879.  James  Harper,  D.  D.,  LL.  D., 

president  and   professor  of  theology  and  HEBREW. 

1885.  David  MacDill,  D.  D., 
professor  of  apologetics  and  ecclesiastical  history 
and  government. 


THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES.  705 

THE  SEMINARY  AT  NEWBURGH. 

The  Rev.  John  Smith,  of  Octoraro,  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa., 
was  appointed  by  the  Associate  Presbytery  of  Pennsylvania 
to  direct  the  studies  of  young  men  studying  for  the  ministry. 
This  he  continued  to  do  for  eight  or  ten  years  after  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church.  The  Rev.  Alex. 
Dobbin,  of  Gettysburg,  was  also  designated  as  a  suitable 
teacher  in  languages  and  theology.  He  established  the  first 
classical  school  west  of  the  Susquehanna  river,  and  was  espe- 
cially distinguished  for  his  knowledge  of  Hebrew.  Quite  a 
number  of  Presbyterian  ministers,  as  well  as  Asso.  Ref. ,  pur- 
sued their  studies  with  him.  The  Rev.  John  Jamieson,  of 
Westmoreland  Co.,  was  also  appointed  to  take  charge  of 
western  students.  These,  however,  were  expedients  to  meet 
emergencies,  and  did  not  give  complete  satisfaction.  It  was 
felt  that  the  rapid  improvement  in  society  called  for  some- 
thing better.  Hence,  in  1796,  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  passed 
an  "Act  concerning  a  Synodical  Fund."  One  of  the  objects 
of  this  fund,  the  act  declares,  was  "assisting  pious  youth, 
who,  from  poverty,  cannot  comfortably  and  successfully  pursue 
their  studies;  and  the  establishment  of  a  Professorship  of 
Theology  for  the  instruction  of  such  as  design  the  holy  min- 
istry. These  are  objects  which  the  Synod  has  deeply  at  heart, 
and  which  are  closely  connected  with  the  credit  of  religion 
and  the  prosperity  of  truth." 

In  the  colonial  period  the  entire  supply  of  ministers  had 
been  drawn  from  Scotland  and  Ireland,  but  after  the  estab- 
lishment of  Independence  the  supply  cased  to  a  great  extent, 
for  the  Asso.  Ref.  Church  was  regarded  as  an  American 
church,  and  was  not  looked  upon  kindly  by  its  former  Anti- 
burgher  brethren,  and  none  but  Burghers  now  came  to  its 
fold.  Vacancies  were  increasing  altogether  too  rapidly  for 
the  few  ministers  they  were  able  to  train  up  in  their  irregular 
method.  So  in  1801  the  Synod  concluded  that  something 
positive  and  effectual  must  be  done,  and  resolved  to  send  a 
minister  to  Great  Britain,  as  a  Synodic  agent,  to  procure  a 
number  of  ministers,  and  more  especially  to  solicit  donations 
of  money  and  books  for  the  erection  of  a  Theological  Semi- 


7o6  THEOLOGICAL   SEMINARIES. 

nary  with  a  suitable  library.  The  Rev.  John  M.  Mason  was 
chosen  by  ballot  to  go  on  this  important  mission.  He  sailed 
in  July,  1801,  and  returned  in  Sept.,  1802.  He  collected 
about  $5,CKDO,  the  most  of  which  he  expended  for  books  to  be 
placed  in  the  Seminary  library.  The  Rev.  Messrs.  Calder- 
head,  Scrimgeour,  Easton,  Forrest,  Laurie  and  Bishop,  of 
the  Burgher  Church  of  Scotland,  also  returned  with  him. 
The  first  meeting  of  the  General  Synod,  held  at  Greencastle, 
Pa.,  in  1804,  elected  Dr.  John  M.  Mason  the  first  Professor, 
and  in  1805  a  constitution  and  course  of  study  were  adopted, 
in  which  it  is  provided  that  "the  Scriptures  themselves  shall 
be  the  great  subject  of  study,"  and  that  "the  period  of  study 
shall  be  four  years,  and  the  session  shall  continue  for  seven 
months  successively. ' ' 

On  the  first  Monday  of  Nov.,  1805,  the  Seminary  opened 
in  the  city  of  New  York  with  eight  students.  Two  of  these 
were  from  New  York,  two  from  Kentucky,  and  four  from 
Pennsylvania.  In  1809  the  Rev.  James  M.  Matthews  was 
elected  Professor  of  Biblical  Literature  and  Church  History, 
and  so  continued  until  1818.  In  1820  Dr.  Alex.  Proudfit 
was  chosen  Assistant  Professor,  but  retained  the  position  only 
a  year.  Because  of  broken  health  Dr.  Mason  resigned  in 
182 1,  and  the  Seminary  was  suspended.  Ninety-six  young 
men  pursued  their  theological  studies  in  whole  or  in  part  in 
the  Seminary  during  the  sixteen  years  it  was  under  Dr. 
Mason's  control. 

In  the  plan  of  union  with  the  Presbyterian  Church  in  1822 
it  was  stipulated  that  "the  Theological  Seminary  at  Prince- 
ton, under  the  care  of  the  General  Assembly,  and  the  Theo- 
logical Seminary  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  should 
be  consolidated,  and  that  the  Theological  Library  and  funds 
belonging  to  the  Associate  Reformed  Church  shall  be  trans- 
ferred and  belong  to  the  Seminary  at  Princeton."  The 
Synod  of  New  York  did  not  recognize  the  validity  of  this 
union,  and  continued  its  organization  as  a  supreme  judicatory, 
and  in  1829  resuscitated  the  Seminary  at  Newburgh,  N.  Y., 
with  the  Rev.  Joseph  McCarrell  as  Professor.  It  opened  on 
the  first  Monday  of  Oct.,  1829,  with  three  students.  Applica- 
tion was  made  in  1831  and  1832  to  the  General  Assembly  for 


THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES.  707 

the  restoration  of  the  library  and  funds  transferred  to  Prince- 
ton in  1822,  but  without  success.  Suit  was  then  commenced 
in  the  Court  of  Chancery  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  and  in 
1837  the  Chancellor  decided  in  the  Synod's  favor,  and  the 
trustees  at  Princeton  returned  about  2,500  volumes  of  books 
and  $2,000  of  money,  all  of  which  was  removed  to  Newburgh. 
To  render  the  Seminary  more  permanent  and  useful,  a  large 
stone  edifice  was  commenced  in  1837  and  finished  in  1839" 
It  is  situated  on  a  hill,  and  is  surrounded  by  ample  grounds, 
and  occupies  one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  commanding  po- 
sitions on  the  banks  of  the  Hudson. 

The  Rev.  J.  Forsyth,  D.  D.,  was  Professor  of  Biblical 
Literature  and  Church  History  from  1837  to  1842,  and  again 
from  1852  to  1858.  The  Rev.  D.  L.  Proudfit  was  Professor 
of  the  Oriental  Languages  from  1838  to  1840.  In  1858  the 
operations  of  the  Seminary  were  suspended,  and  as  it  was  in 
the  hands  of  the  residuary  party  that  would  not  go  into  the 
union  of  1858,  suit  for  its  possession  was  entered  in  the  Su- 
preme Court  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  in  1861  Judge 
Emott  decided  that  the  union  had  not  destroyed  the  identity 
and  integrity  of  the  Associate  Reformed  Synod,  and  remanded 
the  property  accordingly.  In  1865  the  Synod  resolved  to  open 
the  Seminary,  and  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  Oct.,  1867,  opera- 
tions were  commenced,  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  B.  Dales,  of 
Philadelphia,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  Harper,  of  New  York,  as 
the  Professors,  and  nine  students  in  attendance  during  the 
session.  Dr.  R.  Stewart  was  elected  in  1873  and  Dr.  Dales 
resigned  in  1876.  The  operations  of  the  Seminary  were  again 
suspended  in  1878  for  lack  of  funds.  Over  sixty  young  men 
enjoyed  the  benefit  of  its  instruction  during  these  eleven  years, 
as  seventy-two  had  done  under  Dr.  McCarrell. 

PROFESSORS. 

Entered. 

1805.  John  M.  Mason,  D.  D., Resigned,  182 1. 

1809.  James  M.  Matthews,  D.  D.,  .    .    .    .  Resigned,  1818. 

1820.  Alexander  Proudfit,  D.  D.,    .    .    .  Resigned,  1821. 

1829.  Joseph  McCarrell,  D.  D.,     ....  Resigned,  1858. 

1837.  John  Forsyth,  D.  D., Resigned,  1842. 

1838.  David  L.  Proudfit,  D.  D.,     ....  Resigned,  1840. 


708  THEOLOGICAL   SEMINARIES. 

1852.  John  Forsyth,  D.  D., Resigned,  1858. 

1867.  John  B.  Dales,  D.  D.,      Resigned,  1876. 

1867.  James  Harper,  D.  D.,      Resigned,  1878. 

1873.  Robert  Stewart,  D.  D., Resigned,  1878. 


ALLEGHENY  SEMINARY. 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West  resolved,  in 
May,  1825,  to  establish  a  Theological  Seminary  in  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  and  unanimously  elected  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  Kerr,  of  St. 
Clair,  Allegheny  Co.,  Pa.,  as  its  Professor,  and  the  congrega- 
tion in  that  city  being  vacant.  Dr.  Kerr  was  chosen  by  it  as 
pastor.  He  accepted  both,  and  opened  the  Seminary  in  the 
following  Dec.  with  three  students.  The  enterprise  gave 
every  indication  of  decided  success,  when,  on  the  15th  of 
Nov.,  1829,  Dr.  Kerr  suddenly  died.  The  Rev.  Mungo  Dick, 
of  Westmoreland  Co.,  was  appointed  by  the  Monongahela 
Pres.  to  fill  the  office  until  more  permanent  arrangements 
could  be  made.  In  Oct.,  1830,  the  Synod  elected  the  Rev. 
Alex.  Sharp,  of  Newville,  Pa.,  but  he  declined  to  accept,  and 
Mr.  Dick  was  continued  for  the  time.  On  the  19th  of  Oct., 
1831,  the  Rev.  J.  T.  Pressly,  pastor  of  Cedar  Spring,  S.  C, 
and  Professor  of  Theology  for  the  Asso.  Ref  Synod  of  the 
South,  was  unanimously  elected,  and  in  the  early  part  of  the 
following  Jan.  entered  upon  the  duties  of  the  office.  Dur- 
ing the  same  year  he  accepted  the  pastorate  of  a  new  congre- 
gation in  Allegheny  City,  and  the  Seminary  was  removed  to 
his  church. 

In  1835  the  Rev.  M.  Kerr,  son  of  the  first  Professor,  was 
elected  to  the  chair  of  Biblical  Literature  and  Exegesis,  but 
his  feeble  health  allowed  him  to  remain  only  for  a  single 
year.  This  chair  remained  vacant  until  1843,  when  Dr.  J. 
L.  Dinwiddie  was  elected,  but  his  promising  career  of  useful- 
ness was  suddenly  cut  short  in  Feb.,  1846,  by  partial  paraly- 
sis of  the  brain,  from  which  he  never  wholly  recovered.  In 
1847  the  Rev.  A.  D.  Clark,  President  of  Franklin  College, 
O.,  was  elected,  and  in  1851  the  Rev.  D.  R.  Kerr  was  added 
in  the  department  of  Church  History  and  Government.  On 
the  13th  of  Aug.,  1870,  Dr.  Pressly  died,  and  on  the  25th  of 


THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES.  709 

the  following  Oct.  Dr.  J.  T.  Cooper  was  chosen  his  successor, 
and  on  the  7th  of  Dec,  1875,  the  Rev.  Dr.  A.  Young  was 
elected  to  the  chair  of  Pastoral  Theology  and  Apologetics. 

The  course  of  study  covers  three  annual  sessions  of  seven 
months  each,  and  contemplates  five  professorships.  The  first, 
Professor  Kerr,  gave  nearly  all  of  his  salary  to  found  a  young 
men's  fund  in  connection  with  the  Seminary.  This  has  been 
increased  and  has  been  very  useful,  as  students  in  needy  cir- 
cumstances could  borrow  from  it  for  five  years  without  inter- 
est. They  thus  received  the  needful  help,  and  as  it  was  only 
a  friendly  loan  they  preserved  the  independence  of  their  man- 
hood. From  the  proceeds  of  a  generous  bequest  by  Thomas 
Hanna,  an  elder  in  the  First  Ch.,  Allegheny,  a  large  and  con. 
venient  building  has  been  erected,  containing  recitation  and 
lecture  rooms,  a  chapel  and  a  library  and  a  reading  room, 
twenty-two  suites  of  rooms  for  resident  students  with  accommo- 
dations for  two  students  each,  with  bath  room,  gymnasium, 
dining  room,  &c.  The  library  is  fair  in  size  and  character, 
and  the  institution  is  partly  endowed.  Nearly  seven  hundred 
young  men  have  martriculated  as  students. 

PROFESSORS. 
Entered. 

1825.  Joseph  Kerr,  D.  D.,  Died  Nov.  15,  1829 

1829.   MuNGO  Dick,  Temporary  Professor,  1831. 

1831.  John  Taylor  Pressly,  D.  D.,  Died  Aug.  13,  1870. 

1835.  Moses  Kerr,  Resigned,  1836. 

1843.  James  lyEMONTE  DiNWiDDiE,  D.  D.,  Disabled,  1846. 

1847.  Alexander  D.  Clark,  D.  D.,  Died  Ap.  12,  1884. 

1870.  Joseph  Tate  Cooper,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Died  Aug.  22, 

1886. 
1851.  David  Reynolds  Kerr,  D.  D.,  LL.  D.,  Died  Oct.  14, 

1887. 
1875.  Alexander  Young,  D.  D.,  hh.  D., 

Professor  of  Pastoral  Theology  and  Apologetics. 

1885.  David  A.  McClenahan,  A.  M., 

Professor  of  Old  Testament  Literature  and  Criticism. 

1886.  James  A.  Grier,  D.  D., 

Professor  of  Didactic  and  Polemic  Theology. 
1886.  John  McNaugher,  A.  M., 
Professor  of  New  Testament  Literature  and  Criticism. 


7IO  THEOLOGICAL   SEMINARIES. 

THE  SEMINARY  AT  OXFORD  AND  MONMOUTH. 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West,  at  its  meeting 
in  Chillicothe,  O.,  in  Oct.,  1837,  resolved  to  move  its  Theo- 
logical Seminary  from  Pittsburgh  to  Oxford,  O.,  and  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  procure  a  charter  from  the  State  of 
Ohio  and  make  provision  for  the  reception  of  the  Seminary 
after  its  next  session.  A  charter  was  procured,  dated  Jan., 
16,  1838;  an  acre  of  ground  was  purchased  in  Oxford,  and  in 
connection  with  the  congregation  there  a  building  was  erected 
of  sufficient  capacity  to  accommodate  both.  This  action  was 
not  kindly  received  by  the  eastern  part  of  the  church,  and  at 
the  next  meeting  of  the  Synod  the  order  to  transfer  was  re- 
voked, and  the  question  of  the  permanent  location  of  the 
Seminary  was  transmitted  to  the  church  by  overture.  The 
propriety  of  dividing  the  Synod  into  two  coordinate  Synods 
was  overtured  at  the  same  time.  In  answer  to  these  over- 
tures the  Synod  at  its  meeting  in  Chillicothe  in  1839  adopted 
a  plan  for  dividing  into  two  sub-Synods  subordinate  to  a 
delegated  General  Synod,  and  also  determined  to  retain  the 
Seminary  in  Allegheny,  and  also  forthwith  open  another  Semi- 
nary in  Oxford,  O. ,  and  that  each  Synod  have  control  of  the 
Seminary  within  its  boimdary,  and  that  the  movable  pro- 
perty of  the  Seminary  now  existing  be  divided  equally  be- 
tween the  two.  In  the  division  of  property,  however,  the 
Seminary  building  at  Oxford,  which  had  been  built  with 
funds  gathered  from  the  whole  church,  was  ofFsetted  against 
the  library  at  Allegheny,  so  that  no  books  were  transferred. 

The  Rev.  J.  Claybaugh,  of  Chillicothe,  O.,  was  unani- 
mously chosen  Professor,  and  Professor  S.  W.  McCracken,  of 
Oxford,  was  appointed  teacher  of  Hebrew.  The  session  was 
opened  in  the  late  autumn  of  1839  with  a  very  encouraging 
number  of  students.  Mr.  McCracken  resigned  his  position 
during  the  next  summer,  and  Dr.  Claybaugh  remained  alone 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  on  the  9th  of  Sept.,  1855. 
The  Board  of  Superintendents  provided  for  the  approaching 
session  by  the  temporary  appointment  of  the  Rev.  A.  Aten 
as  Prof,  of  Theology,  the  Rev.  W.  Davidson  as  Prof,  of 
Ecclesiastical  History,  the  Rev.  J.  Y.    Scouller  as  Prof,  of 


THEOLOGICAL  SEMINARIES.  7 II 

Greek,  and  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Buchanan  as  Prof,  of  Hebrew.  In 
1856  the  Rev.  A.  Young,  of  St.  Clairsville,  O.,  was  chosen  as 
Dr.  Claybangh's  successor. 

In  anticipation  of  the  union  of  1858,  which  would  give  to 
the  church  four  Theological  Seminaries  east  of  the  State  of 
Indiana,  and  none  west,  it  was  directed  by  the  Second  Synod 
of  the  West,  at  its  meeting  in  Oct.  1857,  to  remove  the  Sem- 
inary during  the  next  year  to  Monmouth,  Illinois.  And  here 
it  opened  about  the  ist  of  Sept.,  1858,  under  the  care  of  Dr. 
A.  Young  and  Dr.  J.  Scott,  and  so  remained,  with  some 
assistance  from  Dr.  A.  M.  Black,  until  1874,  when  it  was 
transferred  to  Xenia,  and  consolidated  with  the  Seminary 
there.  One  hundred  and  four  young  men  studied  in  its 
classes  while  at  Oxford  and  Monmouth. 

PROFESSORS. 
Entered. 

1839.  Joseph  Claybaugh,  D.  D.    ...  Died  Sept.  9,  1855. 

1839.   Samuel  W.  McCracken Resigned,  1840. 

1855.  Adrian  Aten Temporary,  1856. 

1855.  WiiLLiAM  Davidson,  D.  D.    .    .    .  Temporary,  1857. 
1855.  John  Young  Scouller,  D.  D  .    .  Temporary,  1856. 

1855.  J-  Hervey  Buchanan Temporary,  1856. 

1856.  Alexander  Young,  D.  D.,  LL.D.  Resigned,  1874. 

1858.  John  Scott,  D.  D Resigned,  1874. 

1864.  Andrew  M.  Black,  D.  D.       ...  Resigned,  1872. 


712  COI.LEGES. 


Colleges. 


IN  the  early  history  of  our  church,  after  she  began  to  edu- 
cate her  ministers  at  home,  instead  of  importing  them  from 
Scotland,  her  students  received  their  literary  training  gener- 
ally in  the  nearest  or  most  convenient  college.  First  among 
these,  and  mainly  for  a  time,  was  Dickinson  College  at  Car- 
lisle, Pa. ;  then  Columbia  College  in  New  York  city,  and  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  at  Philadelphia,  and  Union  Col- 
lege at  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  and  Transylvania  University  at 
Lexington,  Ky.  When  the  church  began  to  increase  rapidly 
in  the  West,  Jefferson  College,  at  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  and  Miami 
University,  at  Oxford,  O.,  and  the  Western  University,  at 
Pittsburg,  Pa.,  were  principally  utilized,  and  Franklin  Col- 
lege at  New  Athens,  O.,  also  contributed  largely.  Twenty- 
five  or  thirty  years  ago  the  different  religious  denominations  in 
our  country  began  to  realize  the  importance  of  training  their 
young  men  during  their  entire  course  of  study  in  institutions 
under  their  own  control,  and  this  gave  rise  to  denominational 
colleges.  The  United  Presbyterian  Church  has  encouraged 
this  movement,  and  while  alumni  from  many  institutions  are 
entering  the  ministry,  yet  the  greater  portion  of  her  junior 
ministers  have  been  educated  at  her  own  colleges,  or  those  so 
much  under  her  influence  as  to  be  practically  such,  namely: 
Franklin,  Muskingum,  Westminster  and  Monmouth. 


FRANKLIN  COLLEGE. 

The  Rev.  John  Walker,  who  was  installed  in  the  spring  ot 
1815  as  pastor  of  the  Associate  congregations  of  Unity,  Mt. 
Pleasant  and  Cadiz,  O. ,  was  very  anxious  to  establish  a  clas- 
sical school  in  Harrison  Co.,  but  could  find  no  village  willing 
to  take  hold  of  the  matter.  Being  a  man  of  great  enthusiasm 
and  energy  of  character,  he  interested  a  neighbor  whose  farm 


COLLEGES.  713 

was  contiguoiis  to  his  own,  and  they  laid  out  a  town  upon  the 
adjacent  parts  of  their  farms,  called  it  New  Athens,  estab- 
lished a  classical  school,  and  employed  the  late  Dr.  Thomas 
Beveridge,  then  a  stndent  of  theology,  as  teacher.  The 
enterprise  proved  to  be  such  a  success  that  Mr.  Walker  rested 
not  until  he  procured  a  charter  for  a  college,  and  in;  1825  his 
academy  opened  as  Franklin  College. 

This  institution  is  not,  and  never  has  been,  strictly  speak- 
ing, denominational,  but  it  has  been  mainly  under  the  control 
and  patronage  of  the  Associate,  the  Associate  Reformed  and 
United  Presbyterian  Churches,  and  up  to  1880  had  educated 
more  of  their  ministers  than  any  other  single  college,  and 
about  three-fourths  of  its  alumni  have  entered  the  ministry 
of  the  various  Presbyterian  churches.  It  has  graduated 
nearly  400  students,  possesses  good  buildings,  but  is  not  en- 
dowed.    The  Rev.  W.  A.  Williams  is  President. 


MUSKINGUM  COLLEGE. 

Soon  after  the  settlement  of  the  late  Benjamin  Waddle,  D. 
D.,  at  New  Concord,  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  he  called  a  meet- 
ing of  the  leading  citizens  of  the  neighborhood  and  unfolded 
to  them  the  privileges  and  the  benefits  that  would  flow  from 
the  existence  of  a  literary  institution  of  high  grade  in  their 
midst,  and  urged  that  in  that  section  of  Ohio  there  was  room 
for  a  college.  The  result  was  a  petition  to  the  Legislature  of 
Ohio  for  a  charter,  and  in  Mar.,  1857,  Muskingum  College 
was  incorporated,  classes  were  formed  in  the  following  Oc- 
tober, and  a  class  was  graduated  in  1839. 

This  college  was  not  professedly  denominational,  for  in  its 
first  board  of  trustees  there  were  four  of  the  Associate  Church, 
four  of  the  Associate  Reformed,  four  of  the  Presbyterian  (O. 
S.),  and  three  of  the  Covenanter  (O.  S.)  But  the  largest 
patronage  coming  from  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  it 
was  put  under  the  control  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Pres- 
byteries of  Mansfield  and  Muskingum  in  1877,  and  they  trans- 
ferred it  in  1884  to  the  United  Presbyterian  Synod  of  Ohio. 
Five-eighths  of  the  male  graduates  have  entered  the  Christian 
ministry,  and  largely  that  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church. 

45 


714  COLLEGES. 

It  is  not  endowed,  bnt  its  nnmber  of  students  is  increasing 
and  its  prospects  are  very  encouraging.  The  present  Presi- 
dent is  the  Rev.  J.  D.  Irons. 


WESTMINSTER  COLLEGE. 

The  Rev.  George  C.  Vincent,  D.  D.,  conducted  a  Classical 
Academy  for  several  years  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  and  then  trans- 
ferred it  to  New  Wilmington,  Lawrence  Co.,  Pa.,  where  it 
was,  on  the  21st  of  Jan.,  1852,  by  the  joint  resolution  of  the 
Associate  Presbyteries  of  Shenango  and  Ohio,  converted  into 
a  college,  and  in  the  following  Mar.  was  incorporated  by  the 
Legislature  of  Pennsylvania  as  Westmijister  College^  and 
graduated  its  first  class  in  1854.  It  has  been  prosperous 
through  its  whole  career,  and  a  very  large  proportion  of  its 
graduates  have  entered  the  Christian  ministry.  It  is  thor- 
oughly denominational  but,  in  no  sense  of  the  word  sectarian. 
It  is  partly  endowed,  and  has  for  its  President  the  Rev.  Robert 
Gracey  Ferguson,  D.  D. 


MONMOUTH  COLLEGE. 

In  the  spring  of  1853  the  Second  Asso.  Ref.  Pres.  of  Illinois 
resolved  to  establish  an  ' '  Academy  or  High  School ' '  in  Mon- 
mouth, Warren  Co.,  111.  Said  academy  was  opened  on  the 
first  Monday  of  November  following,  under  the  supervision 
of  the  Rev.  James  R.  Brown.  In  1855  the  Presbytery  made 
a  tender  of  their  academy  to  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of  Illinois, 
upon  the  condition  that  it  should  be  raised  to  a  college.  The 
Synod  accepted  the  offer,  organized  a  faculty,  and  Monmouth 
College  was  opened,  under  favorable  auspices,  on  the  first 
Monday  of  Sept.,  1856,  under  the  presidency  of  the  Rev. 
David  A.  Wallace.  The  institution  is  denominational,  but 
free  from  all  sectariansism.  It  is  well  housed  and  partly  en- 
dowed, and  has  graduated  over  seven  hundred  of  its  students, 
more  than  one-third  of  whom  have  entered  the  Christian 
ministry.  The  Rev.  Jackson  Burgess  McMichael,  D.  D.,  is 
President.  Westminster  and  Monmouth  have  always  ad- 
mitted  females    to   equal   privileges    with   males,  and  have 


COLLEGES. 


715 


graduated  many  of  thciii.     Franklin  and  Muskingum  have 
done  the  same  in  later  days. 


Madison  College,  at  Antrim,  O.,  and  Washington,  at  Wash- 
ington, la.,  and  Lincoln,  at  Greenwood,  Mo.,  succeeded  for  a 
time,  and  then  passed  away;  but  others  sprang  up  and  are 
doing  a  good  work— Amity  at  College  Springs,  la.,  and 
Tarkio  at  Tarkio,  Mo.,  and  Cooper  Memorial,  which  is  start- 
ing up  with  very  fair  prospects  at  Sterling,  Kan. 


7l6  PERIODICALS. 


Periodicals. 


THE  EVANGELICAL  REPOSITORY. 

THE  late  Rev.  Chauncy  Webster,  when  a  printer  in  Alban  y 
N.  Y.,  and  a  member  of  the  Associate  Church,  estab- 
lished in  1824  a  monthly  magazine,  entitled  the  "Religious 
Monitor,  or  Evangelical  Repository."  It  was  edited  by  Dr. 
Peter  Bullions  and  Dr.  James  Martin,  and  after  Mr.  Webster 
became  a  pastor  in  Philadelphia  he  conducted  it  himself  until 
1842,  when  it  became  the  property  of  William  vS.  Young,  who 
shortened  the  title  to  the  Evangelical  Repository^  and  had  it 
edited  by  Dr.  Joseph  T.  Cooper  and  the  Rev.  Thomas  H. 
Beveridge  and  Dr.  William  W.  Barr.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Robert 
Stewart  became  its  next  owner  and  editor  for  a  season,  and 
then  sold  it  to  the  Board  of  Publication  of  the  L'^'nited  Presby- 
terian Church,  located  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  by  which  it  is  now 
published. 

THE  UNITED  PRESBYTERIAN. 

This  paper  was  first  issued  as  a  semi-monthly  on  the  26th 
of  Oct.,  1842,  in  the  city  of  Allegheny,  Pa.,  by  Dr.  J.  T. 
Pressly,  as  owner  and  editor,  under  the  title  of  The  Preacher. 
In  1845  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Dr.  D.  R.  Kerr,  who 
transferred  it  to  Pittsburgh,  and  continued  it  as  a  semi- 
monthly until  the  autumn  of  1848,  when  he  changed  it  into 
a  weekly.  In  1854  the  United  Presbyterian  and  Evangelical 
Guardian^  a  monthly  magazine,  published  in  Cincinnati,  O., 
by  the  Rev.  J.  Prestley,  was  consolidated  with  it,  and  the 
name  changed  to  the  United  Presbyierian.  The  Presbyterian 
Witness^  established  by  Rev.  R.  H.  Pollock  and  others  in 
Cincinnati  in  Jan.,  1852,  was  consolidated  with  the  United 
Presbyterian  after   the    union   of   1858.       The    Westminster 


PKRIODICALS. 


717 


Herald,  established  in  Jan.,  1855,  ^t  New  Wilminji^rton,  Pa., 
by  Dr.  G.  C.  Vincent,  as  a  continnation  of  the  I-yicnd  of  Mis- 
sions, by  the  Rev.  Joseph  Banks,  was  also  after  the  union 
consolidated  with  the  United  /Wsbyferian. 


THE  CHRISTIAN  INSTRUCTOR. 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York,  at  its  meet- 
ing in  June,  1844,  ordered  the  establishment  of  a  mouthl\- 
magazine  for  circulation  among  its  families,  and  77ic  Christian 
Instructor  appeared  in  September  following,  printed  at  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y.,  by  the  Rev.  D.  L.  Proudfit,  and  edited  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  J.  Forsyth.  In  Oct.,  1846,  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Dales 
became  owner  and  editor,  and  transferred  the  office  of  publi- 
cation to  Philadelphia,  Pa.  On  the  first  of  July,  1859,  it  was 
changed  to  a  weekl>-  paper.  The  United  Presbyterian  of  the 
J  J  est  was  established  Jan.,  1857,  by  the  Asso.  Ref.  Synod  of 
Illinois,  at  Monmouth,  111.,  with  Dr.  D.  McDill  as  editor.  In 
the  spring  of  1862  this  was  transferred  to  Philadelphia  and 
consolidated  with  The  Christian  Instructor.  In  Jan.,  1879, 
The  Instructor  was  transferred  to  Chicago,  111,,  and  issued 
by  the  Rev.  Messrs.  A.  G.  McCoy  and  A.  T.  McDill.  In 
April,  1882,  Rev.  Dr.  D.  W.  Collins  bought  out  :\Ir.  .AlcCoy, 
and  returned  the  paper  to  Philadelphia. 


7l8  INDEX. 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Preface 3 

History  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church 5 

Reformed  Presbyterian 5 

Associate  Presbyterian 14 

Associate  Reformed 37 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  New  York 59 

The  Associate  Reformed  Synod  of  the  West 70 

The  United  Presbyterian  Church 80 

Historical  Record  of  Presbyteries  and  Synods 94 

Associate         95 

Reformed 102 

Associate  Reformed 103 

United  Prebyterian  ....     • 119 

Historical  Register  of  Existing  Congregations 145 

The   Ministry           195 

Officers  of  the  General  Assembly 662 

The  Boards  of  the  Church 663 

Home   Missions 663 

Foreign    Missions 664 

Freedmen's  Missions 695 

Church  Extension 697 

Publication 699 

Education 700 

Ministerial  Relief 700 

Theological  Seminaries 702 

At  Xenia 702 

At  Newburgh 705 

At  Allegheny    . ' 708 

At  Oxford  and  Monmouth 710 

Colleges 712 

Franklin 712 

Muskingum 713 

Westminster 714 

Monmouth 714 

Periodicals 716 

The   Evangelical   Repository 716 

The  United  Presbyterian 716 

The  Christian  Instructor 717 


COLUMBIA  UNIVERSITY 


0035520191 


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i*J*J- 


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BRITTLE  58  IT 
fHOTOCOPY 


